GRAUPNER mc-32 Programming Manual

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Programming Manual

33032.mc-32 HoTT.2.en

mc-32

Table of contents

Code lock ......................................................31

Secret mode .................................................. 32

Display contrast ........................................ 32

Language selection

Voice update.............................................32

Change of display language ..................... 33

Firmware update via SD card ................... 36

Joystick calibration ................................... 36

Telemetry data display ...................................36

Commissioning the transmitter ................................ 42

Firmware update via PC ..................................... 43

Commissioning the receiver .................................... 46

Receiver system power supply ........................... 47

General charging notices ................................... 49

Firmware update ................................................ 50

Installation notices ................................................... 52

Term deﬁ nitions ....................................................... 54

Assigning transmitter controls, switches

and control switches ................................................ 56

Digital trim ............................................................... 58

Winged models ........................................................ 60

Receiver layout ................................................... 61

Helicopter models .................................................... 64

Receiver layout ................................................... 65

Program descriptions

Loading a new memory location .............................. 66

»Model select« ....................................................... 69

»Copy / Erase« ....................................................... 70

Erase model .......................................................70

Copy model  Model ......................................... 70

Export to SD card ............................................... 71

Import from SD card ........................................... 72

Copy ﬂ ight phase ................................................72

Changes ............................................................. 73

»Suppress codes« ................................................. 74

»Suppress models« ...............................................75

»Basic settings, model«

Winged model .................................................... 76

Binding receivers ........................................... 77

General notices

Table of contents .......................................................2

Environmental protection notices ..............................3

Safety notices ............................................................ 4

Safety notices and handling regulations for Lithium-Ion (LiIo) and Lithium-Polymer

(LiPo) batteries .......................................................... 7

Foreword .................................................................. 10

Remote control set description ................................ 11

Technical data .......................................................... 14

General operating notices

Transmitter ..........................................................16

Opening the transmitter housing ...................16

Transmitter power supply...............................16

Recommended chargers ...............................17

Battery operation timer in display .................. 18

Lithium battery, CR 2032 ............................... 18

Joystick length adjustment ............................18

Joystick conversions ......................................19

Holder bracket for transmitter straps ............. 20

Installing additional controls, switches, etc. ... 20

Aligning the antenna ...................................... 20

Transmitter description

Front side.......................................................21

Face-side connectors

Charger socket ......................................... 22

DSC (Direct Servo Control) ...................... 22

mini-USB connector .................................23

Data socket ..............................................23

Card slot (data storage) ........................... 23

Headset connector ................................... 24

ext. PPM ................................................... 25

SPI ........................................................... 25

Inside the transmitter ..................................... 26

Display and key pads .................................... 28

Operating the "data terminal" ........................ 29

Shortcuts ....................................................... 30

Warnings in the display ................................. 30

Function ﬁ elds in the display .........................31

Table of contents

Range test ..................................................... 80

Helicopter model ................................................ 84

Binding receivers ........................................... 85

Range test ..................................................... 88

Model type« .......................................................... 94

»Helicopter type« ................................................... 98

»Servo adjustment« ............................................ 102

»Stick mode«

Winged model .................................................. 104

Helicopter model .............................................. 106

»Control adjust«

Winged model .................................................. 108

Helicopter model .............................................. 112

Throttle limit function ................................... 117

Idle setting ................................................... 117

Throttle limit in combination with AR

in the »Stick mode menu« ......................... 119

»Dual Rate / Expo«

Winged model .................................................. 120

Helicopter model .............................................. 124

»Channel 1 curve«

Winged model .................................................. 128

Helicopter model .............................................. 131

»Switch display« .................................................. 134

»Control switch« .................................................. 135

»Logical switches« .............................................. 138

How do I program a ﬂ ight phase? .......................... 140

»Phase settings«

Winged model .................................................. 142

Helicopter model .............................................. 146

»Phase assignment« ........................................... 148

»Phase trim« (winged model) ............................... 150

»Non-delayed channels«.....................................151

»Timers (general)« ............................................... 152

»Flight phase timers« .......................................... 156

What is a mixer ...................................................... 159

»Wing mixers« ..................................................... 160

1 aileron ............................................................ 163

1 aileron and 1 camber ﬂ ap .............................. 164

2 ailerons ..........................................................166

Table of contents

2/4 ailerons and 1/2/4 camber ﬂ aps .................168

»Helicopter mixer« .............................................. 176

Adjusting the throttle and pitch curve ...............187

Autorotation setting ........................................... 190

General remarks about freely progr. mixers .......... 192

»Free mixers« ...................................................... 193

Linear mixers .................................................... 197

Exponential mixers ........................................... 199

Examples .......................................................... 201

»MIX active/phase« .............................................. 204

»Mix only Channel« ............................................. 205

»Dual mixer« ........................................................ 206

»Swashplate mixer« ............................................ 208

»Fail Safe« ............................................................ 208

»Teacher/pupil« ...................................................210

Connection schematic ...................................... 213

Wireless HoTT system .....................................214

»Transmitter output« ........................................... 218

»Proﬁ -trim«

Winged model .................................................. 220

Helicopter model .............................................. 222

»Trim memory«

Winged model .................................................. 224

Helicopter model .............................................. 226

»Telemetry« .......................................................... 228

Setting & dataview ............................................ 229

Satellite mode of two receivers ...................238

Sensor/s ...................................................... 239

Selecting sensor/s ............................................ 240

RF status view .................................................. 241

Select voice update .......................................... 242

»Channel sequence« ........................................... 244

»Multichannel« ..................................................... 246

»Ring Limiter« ...................................................... 250

»MP3-Player« ....................................................... 254

»General basic settings« .................................... 256

»Servo display« ................................................... 262

»Servo test« ......................................................... 263

»Code lock« ......................................................... 264

»Info display« ....................................................... 266

Environmental protection notices

The symbol on this product, its operating instructions or packaging gives notice that this product may not be discarded as common household waste at the end of its service life. It must be turned over to a recycling collection point for electric and electronic apparatus.

The materials can be recycled according to their markings. You make an important contribution to protection of the environment by utilizing facilities for reuse, material recycling or other means of exploiting obsolete equipment.

Batteries must be removed from the unit and disposed of separately at an appropriate collection point.

Please inquire with local authorities about the responsible waste collection locations.

This manual serves only as a source of information and can be changed without prior notiﬁ cation. Graupner accepts no responsibility or liability for errors or inaccuracies which may be contained in the information section of this manual.

Programming examples

Introduction ............................................................ 268

Winged model

First steps ......................................................... 270

Incorporating an electric drive ..........................276

C1 joystick switchover between

Electric motor and butterﬂ y .......................... 279

Electric motor and airbrake .........................282

Timer activation by control or switch ................. 284

Parallel operating servos .................................. 286

Using ﬂ ight phases

Example 1 ...................................................288

Example 2 ...................................................292

8-ﬂ ap wings ......................................................298

Delta and ﬂ ying wing models ............................ 301

F3A model ........................................................ 304

Helicopter model .................................................... 308

Appendix

FCC declaration ..................................................... 318

Conformity declaration ........................................... 319

Guarantee certiﬁ cate ............................................. 320

Safety notices

In order to enjoy your modeling hobby for a long time, please read these instructions thoroughly and give particular attention to the safety notices. You should also register right away at https://www.graupner.de/ de/service/produktregistrierung.aspx since this is the only way for you to automatically receive current information about your product via email.

If you are a beginner with remote controlled model aircraft, ships or cars, you should really ask an experienced model pilot for assistance.

If this remote control system changes ownership, these instructions should surely be included with remote control system.

Intended usage

This remote control system may only be used for the purpose intended by the manufacturer, i.e. for the operation of unmanned remote controlled models. Any other usage is not permissible.

Safety notices

SAFETY IS NO ACCIDENT

and

REMOTE CONTROLLED MODELS ARE NOT TOYS

… because even small models can cause substantial property damage and/or personal injuries if they are not handled properly - even if caused by third parties.

Technical defects of an electrical or mechanical nature can lead to unexpected startup of a motor and/ or parts being hurled through the air to pose a danger of injury to you and to others.

Short circuit conditions are to be avoided absolutely! A short circuit condition may not only destroy parts of the remote control system but, depending on the circumstances and the battery energy involved, may also pose acute danger of incineration or even explosion.

All motor-driven parts, such as aircraft or ship propellers, helicopter rotors, open gearboxes etc.

represent a constant danger. Contact with these parts must be avoided. A rapidly turning aircraft propeller can, for example, sever a ﬁ nger. Also pay attention that other objects do not come into contact with driven parts.

When a drive battery is connected or a motor is running: never get into the danger zone of driving mechanisms.

Be sure to pay attention that motors do not start up unintentionally while performing programming operations. Disconnect the fuel supply or battery terminals to motors before programming.

Protect all units from dust, dirt, moisture and other foreign parts. Never expose these units to vibrations or excessive hot or cold temperatures. Remote control operation may only be performed under "normal" outdoor temperatures, i.e. within a range of

-15 °C to +55 °C. Avoid mechanical jarring and pressure stresses.

Always check units for damage to housings and cables. Do not use units which have been damaged or become wet, even after they are dry again.

Only those components and accessories which we recommend may be used. Always use original Graupner plug and jack connectors which are made for one another out of the same materials.

When routing cables, pay attention that they are not stressed, unduly kinked or broken. The sharp edges of adjacent parts also represent a hazard for insulated conductors.

Be sure that all plug and jack connections are ﬁ rmly seated. Do not pull on the cable to disconnect a plugged connector.

No modiﬁ cations whatsoever may be made to units. Modiﬁ cations will void the operating permit and all insurance protection.

Installing the receiver

The receiver is to be installed with a cushion of foam

rubber to afford protection against jarring; in aircraft models behind a strong rib, for a car or ship model the location must be protected against dust and spray water.

The receiver may not be mounted in direct contact with the hull or chassis as this would allow motor vibrations and/or roadway jarring to be transferred directly to the receiver. When a receiver system is installed in a model with a combustion motor, all receiver parts should always be protected against the intrusion of exhaust gases and oil residue. Above all, this applies to the model's ON/OFF switch, which is typically built into the model's outer surface.

Position the receiver such that connecting cables to the servos and the power supply are routed with a bit of slack and that the receiver's antenna is at least 5 cm away from any large metal parts or wiring except for other receiver wires/cables. In addition to steel, this also includes carbon ﬁ ber parts, servos, electric motors, fuel pumps and all sorts of cables, etc.

Optimally the receiver should be placed at a readily accessible location that is well away from all other equipment. Under no circumstances may a servo cable be wrapped around the antenna or routed close to it.

Make sure that cables near the antenna cannot move about during ﬂ ight.

Routing the receiver's antenna

The receiver and its antennas must be positioned as far away as possible from drives of any kind. If the model's hull is made of carbon ﬁ ber material, the ends of the antennas must extend outside of the hull.

The orientation of antennas is not critical. Nevertheless, a vertical (upright) installation of receiver antennas is advantageous. In the case of diversity antennas (two antennas), the second antenna should be oriented at a 90° angle to the ﬁ rst antenna.

Safety notices

Be sure to pay attention!

Safety notices

Pre-start checks Before switching the receiver on, be sure the throttle

control is at its Stop/Idle position.

Always switch the transmitter on ﬁ rst

and then the receiver.

Always switch the receiver off ﬁ rst

and then the transmitter.

If this sequence is not maintained, such that the receiver is still switched on when the corresponding transmitter is switched to "OFF", then the receiver may respond to other transmitters or general radio frequency noise. This can cause the model to execute uncontrolled operations that may cause personal injuries and/or property damage.

In particular, for models equipped with a mechanical gyro:

before switching off the receiver, disconnect the model's power supply to prevent the motor from revving up unintentionally.

The residual spin of a gyro often produces so much voltage that the receiver may falsely interpret a throttle signal! This will then cause the motor to start up unexpectedly.

Range test

Perform checks for proper operation and range before every session. Secure the model adequately in place and ensure that no one is in front of the model.

Perform a complete functional test on the ground and execute a complete simulated ﬂ ight to exclude the possibility of system faults or problems with the model's programming. When doing this, be sure to follow the notices provided on pages 80 and 88.

Never operate the transmitter in Model mode, i.e. for ﬂ ying or driving, without an antenna. Be sure the antenna is ﬁ rmly seated in its socket.

Operating a winged aircraft, helicopter, ship or car

Never ﬂ y over spectators or other pilots. Never endanger humans or animals. Never ﬂ y in the vicinity of high-voltage wires. Do not operate the model in the vicinity of sluice locks or where real boats or ships are operating. Do not operate a model on public streets or highways, paths or plazas, etc.

Monitoring transmitter and receiver batteries

You must stop running the model to recharge the transmitter's battery no later than when low transmitter battery voltage triggers the "Batt must be recharged!!" display and acoustic signal.

Check the charge in batteries routinely, particularly the receiver's battery. Do not wait until the movements of controlled mechanisms are noticeably slower. Replace expended batteries before they cause problems.

The battery manufacturer's charging instructions are always to be followed, this includes mandatory adherence to the length of charging time. Never leave batteries being charged unattended.

Never attempt to charge primary batteries (nonrechargeable batteries) because they can explode.

All secondary batteries (rechargeable batteries) must be charged before every session. To avoid short circuit conditions, ﬁ rst connect the charger cable's banana plugs, polarity correct, into the charger and thereafter connect the charger cable's plugs to the transmitter and receiver batteries.

Disconnect all power sources from the model when it is not to be used for an extended period of time.

Never attempt to use defective batteries, damaged batteries or mixed-type battery combinations as a single group. Do not use mixed combinations of old and new batteries or batteries of different manufacture.

Servo installation

Always mount servos with the provided rubber vibration-damper parts. Only in this manner can these parts be protected against excessively hard vibrations.

Installing control rods

Control rods must be installed such that they operate freely and smoothly. It is particularly important that all rudder levers are able to move to their full limits, i.e. not otherwise mechanically blocked.

In order to be able to stop a running motor at any time, control rods must be adjusted such that the carburetor tap is completely closed when the joystick and trim wheel are brought into their end idle position.

Pay attention that no metal parts, e.g. as a result of rudder actuation, vibration, rotating parts, etc., rub against one another. Metal-to-metal contact causes electrical "noise" which can interfere with the correct operation of the receiver.

Transmitter antenna orientation

Transmission ﬁ eld strength is minimal in an imaginary line extending straight out from the end of the transmitter's antenna. This means that "pointing" the transmitter's antenna directly toward the model will not produce good reception but rather degrade reception.

When multiple remote controls are operating simultaneously, pilots should position themselves in a loose group. Pilots standing off to themselves not only endanger their own models but those of others as well.

However, when 2 or more pilots using 2.4 GHz remote control systems are closer than 5 m to one another this can lead to return channel overdrive which, in turn, will trigger a range warning much too early. Increase your distance between one another until the range warning ceases.

Safety notices

Capacity and operating time

The rule: "capacity is reduced with every successive recharging", applies to all batteries. Internal resistance increases at low temperatures to further reduce capacity. As a consequence, the battery's ability to provide current and hold its voltage is reduced.

Frequent charging or the use of battery maintenance programs can also result in gradual loss of battery capacity. Therefore the capacity of batteries should be checked at regular intervals, not in excess of every six months, and replaced if performance is found to be signiﬁ cantly deﬁ cient.

Purchase only genuine Graupner batteries!

Interference suppression for electric motors

All conventional electric motors produce sparks between their collector and brushes. Depending on the type of motor involved, this may cause more or less interference with the functionality of the remote control system.

The electric motors of a properly built system should therefore have interference suppression features. For electric drive models it is particularly important that every one of its motors is provided with proper interference suppression. Interference ﬁ lters extensively suppress such disturbances and should always be included.

Follow the respective recommendations included in the motor's operating and installation notices.

For further details about interference ﬁ lters, refer to the Graupner RC main catalog or in Internet at www.graupner.de.

Servo interference ﬁ lters for extension cables

Order no. 1040 The servo interference ﬁ lter is necessary when an

extended-length servo cable is used. This ﬁ lter is attached directly to the receiver output. In critical cases a second ﬁ lter can be attached to the servo.

Using electronic speed controllers

Choosing the right electronic controller is largely a matter of matching controller performance to the motor to be controlled.

In order to prevent an overload or damage to the speed controller, its current rating should be at least

half of the maximum locked-rotor current draw of the motor to which it is connected.

Particular attention is appropriate for so-called "tuning motors". Because of their low-turns coils these motors can draw a multiple of their rated current in a locked-rotor condition and this can lead to the destruction of the speed controller.

Electric ignition systems

Combustion motor ignition systems also produce interference that can negatively inﬂ uence remote control functionality.

Always supply power to an electric ignition system from a separate, dedicated battery.

Use only interference-suppressed spark plugs, spark caps and shielded ignition leads.

Mount the receiver sufﬁ ciently far away from ignition system components.

Static charges

A remote control system will be destroyed by the magnetic shock waves produced by a lightning strike

- even if the storm is miles away. Therefore …

… stop ﬂ ying right away if a storm is approaching. Static charging via the antenna also represents a lethal hazard.

Attention

In order to fulﬁ ll FCC HF emission requirements • for mobile transmitters, a distance of at least 20 cm must be maintained between this system's antenna and other persons when this system is operating. Operation of this system at a lesser distance is therefore not recommended.

To avoid disturbance caused by the electrical • characteristics and emissions of other transmitters, keep at least a 20 cm distance from other transmitters.

Operation of the remote control system requires a • correct program setting for the given country in the

Safety notices

transmitter unit. This is necessary for compliance with diverse regulations like FCC, ETSI, CE etc. Follow the respective instructions provided for this with the transmitter and receiver.

Prior to every ﬂ ight, perform a complete functional • test, range test and execute a complete simulated ﬂ ight in order to exclude the possibility of system faults or problems with the model's programming.

Never program the transmitter or receiver while • the model is being operated.

Care and maintenance

Never clean the housing, antenna, etc. with cleaning agents, gasoline, water or similar means. Use only a dry, soft cloth.

Components and accessories

As manufacturer of this equipment Graupner GmbH & Co. KG recommends only components and accessories which have been tested and approved by Graupner for their suitability, functionality and safety. If this recommendation is followed, Graupner accepts responsibility for the product.

Graupner cannot accept any responsibility for the parts or accessories of other manufacturers which have not been approved and Graupner cannot evaluate every individual product made by other companies to assess if they are safe to use.

Liability exclusion / damage compensation

Graupner cannot monitor compliance with the assembly instructions, the operating instructions or the conditions and methods under which remote control components are installed, operated, utilized or maintained. Therefore Graupner accepts no form

Safety notices and handling regulations for Lithium-Ion (LiIo) and Lithium-Polymer (LiPo) batteries

of liability for loss, damage or costs consequential to incorrect usage or operation or which can be attributed to same.

Unless otherwise prescribed by law, the obligation of Graupner to provide damage compensation, regardless of legal grounds, is limited to the invoice value of the quantity of Graupner goods contributing directly to the damage-inducing event. This does not apply if Graupner is found to be subject to unlimited liability pursuant to binding legal stipulations with respect to intent or gross negligence. As applicable for all highly technical products, observance of the following safety notices and handling instructions is essential for a long service life, fault-free operation, and harmless utilization of lithium/polymer batteries.

These instructions are to be safeguarded. If the unit is transferred to another user, these instructions should certainly be passed along to the new user.

General notices

LiIo-/LiPo batteries require particularly attentive • handling. This applies to charging, discharging as well as for storage and other handling. Adherence to the following special speciﬁ cations is necessary:

Incorrect handling can lead to explosions, ﬁ re, • smoke and poisoning hazards. Furthermore, disregard for instructions and warnings can lead to performance losses and other defects.

The battery's capacity is reduced by every charge/• discharge cycle. Storing the battery at temperatures which are too high or too low can also lead to a gradual reduction in capacity. In model operation, battery capacity drops to about 50 … 80 % of new battery capacity after about 50 charge/discharge cycles – even though all charge/discharge rules are followed. This is due in part to the high discharge currents and inductive currents caused by motors.

Battery packs may only be connected in series or • parallel in exceptional cases as cell capacities and

charged state can differ too greatly. This is why the battery packs we deliver are selected.

Special notices for charging LiIo-/LiPo batteries from Graupner

Since • Graupner GmbH & Co. KG cannot supervise the correct charging and discharging of cells, the entire guarantee is void in cases of improper charging or discharging.

Never leave batteries being charged unattended.• Only approved chargers with appropriate charging •

cables may be used for charging LiIo-/LiPo batteries. Any manipulation to the charger or charger cables can lead to severe damage.

The maximum charging capacity must be limited • to 1.05 times the battery's capacity.

Example: 700 mAh battery = 735 mAh max. charging capacity

Use only the outlet-charger included with the set • or a specially designed charger/discharger from Graupner to charge and discharge LiIo-/LiPo batteries, refer to page 17 or www.graupner.de.

Ensure the settings for the number of cells or for • ﬁ nal charging voltage and ﬁ nal discharge voltage are correct. Be sure to observe the operating instructions for your charger/discharger.

Other handling notices

The battery to be charged must be placed on a • non-combustible, heat resistant, non-conducting surface during the charging process. Combustible or readily ignited objects are to be kept away from the charging conﬁ guration. Batteries may only be charged under supervision.

LiIo-/LiPo batteries connected in series within • a pack may only be charged as a group if the voltage of individual cells do not differ by more than 0.05 V. The LiIo battery included with the set, order no. 33000.1 (changes reserved), is equipped with a special safety circuit such that

Safety notices

Discharging below 2.5 V per cell damages cells • permanently and is therefore to be avoided absolutely. The

mc-32 HoTT transmitter switches

itself off when its power supply voltage reaches its lower limit of 3.3 V. Short circuit conditions are to be avoided absolutely. Permanent short circuits lead to destruction of the battery, high temperatures and perhaps even self-ignition may follow.

During discharge, battery temperature must not • rise, in any case, to over +70 °C. Otherwise, better cooling or a lower rate of discharge must be introduced. The temperature can easily be checked with the infrared thermometer, order no.

1963. The battery must never be discharged via the transmitter's charging socket. This socket is not suitable for this purpose.

Other handling notices

Never short-circuit the battery. A short-circuit • allows very high current to ﬂ ow and this heats up the cells. This will lead to loss of electrolyte, the production of gases and perhaps even explosions. In the vicinity of, or while handling, Graupner LiIo-/LiPo batteries, avoid electrically conducting surfaces because of the danger of creating a short-circuit condition.

Handling connectors:• These connectors are not as robust as for other

batteries. This applies particularly to the plus pole connector. The connections can easily be broken off. Due to thermal transfer, the connector tabs may not be soldered directly.

Cell connection:• Direct soldering on battery cells is not permitted. The heat of direct soldering can damage battery

components, such as separator or isolator. Battery connections should only be made by

industrial spot welding. A professional repair made by the manufacturer or distributor is necessary to

replace missing or torn-off cables. Replacing individual battery cells:• The replacement of battery cells may only be

made by the manufacturer or distributor and never by the user himself.

Damaged cell usage:• Damaged cells may never be used or returned to

service. Characteristics of damaged cells include: •

damaged housing packing, deformed battery cells, electrolyte or leaking electrolyte. In these cases, further use of the battery is not permissible.

Damaged or useless cells are hazardous waste • items and must be appropriately disposed.

General warning notices

Batteries must never be put in ﬁ re or burned. • Battery cells must not be submerged in liquids, •

such as water, seawater or beverages. Any contact with liquids, of whatever nature, is to be avoided.

Individual battery cells and batteries are not toys • and must therefore not get into the hands of children. Batteries/cells must be kept out of the reach of children.

Batteries must not get into the vicinity of babies or • small children. If a battery is swallowed, immediately go to a doctor or emergency medical facility.

Batteries must not be put in a microwave oven or • put under pressure. Smoke, ﬁ re and more can be the consequences.

Never dismantle a LiIo-/LiPo battery. Dismantling • a battery can cause internal short-circuits. Gas, ﬁ re, explosions and other problems can result.

The electrolyte and electrolytic vapors in LiIo-/LiPo • batteries are harmful. Absolutely avoid all direct contact with electrolytes. If electrolytes come into contact with skin, eyes or other body parts, immediately wash out or rinse out with generous amounts of fresh water then be sure to consult

"compensation" for voltage differences between individual cells, by way of an otherwise typical balancer plug connection, is not necessary.

Under these conditions • Graupner LiIo-/LiPo batteries can be charged with a maximum of 2C (the value 1C corresponds to the cell capacity) charging current. At a voltage of maximum 4.2 V per cell and above, charging must continue a constant voltage of 4.2 V per cell until charging current drops below 0.1 … 0.2 A.

Charging voltage over 4.20 V per cell must be • avoided absolutely as the cell would otherwise be permanently damage and could cause a ﬁ re. In order to prevent the over-charging of individual cells in a pack, a cut-off voltage between 4.1 V … 4.15 V per cell should be set to increase service life.

Never attempt to charge battery cells with the • wrong polarity. Abnormal chemical reactions take place when batteries are charged with reversed polarity and the battery will be useless. This can cause breaks, smoke and ﬂ ames.

The permissible temperature range for charging • and storing LiIo-/LiPo batteries is 0 … +50 °C.

Storage: LiIo-/LiPo cells should have a 10 … 20 % • charge capacity when stored. If cell voltage drops below 3 V, then LiIo-/LiPo cells must absolutely be recharged to a capacity of 10 … 20 % of full capacity. Otherwise, further deep-discharging of the battery will make it useless during storage in a discharged state.

Special notices for discharging LiIo-/LiPo batteries from Graupner

A continuous current rate of about 1C does not • represent a major problem for Graupner LiIo-/LiPo batteries. For larger currents, please follow the catalog speciﬁ cations. In any case, observe the maximum current rating for the connector system, see maximum discharge current on the battery.

Safety notices

a doctor. Batteries built into equipment must always be •

removed from that equipment when it is not currently in use. Alway switch off equipment after it is used to prevent deep discharging. Always charge batteries before it is too late. Store batteries on a non-combustible, heat resistant, non-conducting surface! Deep-discharged LiIo-/LiPo batteries are defective and may no longer be used!

Notice for remote control set

mc-32HoTT

Order no. 32032 This remote control set is factory equipped with a

Lilo transmitter battery (changes reserved). Once the factory preset voltage limit of 3.60 V has been reached, a warning will appear in the display.

Disposal of used batteries:

Some countries have laws requiring that all used batteries be turned over to an authorized collection center.

Disposing of batteries along with common household garbage is forbidden. Old batteries can be turned into communal collection centers for disposal at no charge or they can be returned to one of our dealerships or anywhere else where batteries of that given type are sold. Used batteries we have delivered can also be sent back to us, at your cost, through the mail. Use the return address below:

Graupner GmbH & Co. KG Service: Used batteries Henriettenstr. 94-96

D-73230 Kirchheim unter Teck This represents an essential contribution to

environmental protection.

Caution: Damaged batteries require among other things, special packaging, because they are very toxic!

10 Foreword

mc-32 the Newest Generation of Remote Control Technology

The technical advances across the entire spectrum of model building is an ever-present challenge to design engineers. This is why the introduction of new transmission technology in the 2.4 GHz band represents a new milestone.

The HoTT-System (Hopping Telemetry Transmission) developed by Graupner is a synthesis of know-how, engineering and testing done around the world by professional pilots.

Established Graupner HoTT techniques theoretically permit over 200 models to be operated at the same time. However, because of the interspersed radiofrequency utilization permitted by certiﬁ cation for the

2.4 GHz ISM band, this number is signiﬁ cantly lower in practical application. Nevertheless, in general more models can be operated simultaneously in the

2.4 GHz band than would be the case in conventional 35 or 40 MHz frequency bands. The real limiting factor is – as often before – is still likely to be the size of available operating space (i.e. airspace for aircraft). Alone the fact that it is no longer necessary to coordinate transmitting frequencies with other pilots in the vicinity (which is sometimes quite difﬁ cult in broken landscapes, such as on hillside slopes) represents an enormous boost for remote control operating security.

Bidirectional communication between transmitter and receiver, by way of a return channel built into the receiver, permits convenient access to data and programming in the HoTT receiver. For example, this makes it possible to swap receiver outputs or to divide up control functions among multiple servos (channel mapping). Servo travel and servo rotation directions in the receiver can also be matched to one another with these facilities. Telemetry data, like VARIO and GPS data, can be called up from optionally available modules.

Based on the mc-24 Graupner/JR computerized remote control system, the

mc-32 HoTT remote

control system has been especially developed for experienced RC pilots All conventional model types can be readily operated with the mc-32 HoTT system, regardless of whether the model is a winged aircraft, helicopter, ship or land vehicle.

Complex mixed-control functions of guiding surfaces are often necessary for winged aircraft (rudder, elevators) and helicopter models (swashplate). Thanks to modern computer technology, very diverse model requirements can be programmed in the simplest conceivable manner with touch-sensitive keys (CAP Touch). Simply select the given model type from the mc-32 HoTT program and its software will assemble all signiﬁ cant mixer functions and coupling functions automatically. This eliminates the need for separate modules in the transmitter to implement complex coupled functions and also makes sophisticated mechanical mixer mechanisms in the model unnecessary. For example, this makes the mc-32 HoTT transmitter fully equipped with both software and hardware to operate the well-known NAUTIC modules on the receiver side. The "channel sequencer" is new. It permits the operation of up to three servos to be automated.

The mc-32 HoTT system offers optimal security and reliability without having to forgo great operating convenience. The mc-32 HoTT remote control system has 80 model memory locations. Additional ﬂ ight-phase-speciﬁ c settings can be stored in every model memory location. For example, such settings can be made for various parameters that can be called up to implement particular ﬂ ight maneuvers at the "press of a button". Additional model memories can be stored on the SD card, which is included standard with the set. Even telemetry data can be recorded for subsequent evaluation on a PC.

Since the mc-32 HoTT is equipped with two displays, the lower display has been optimized for comprehensible, simple operation of the software.

The graphic representation of mixer functions is particularly helpful. The upper display allows telemetry data to be called up from the receiver.

Functionally-related options are clearly arranged by content in a simple organization. The clear, comprehensible program structure permits a beginner to quickly become familiar with the various functions and able to use all options pertinent to his level of expertise with remote control models.

This handbook describes every menu in detail. There are tips, many notices and programming examples to supplement the descriptions and also explanations for model speciﬁ c technical terms, like transmitter control, dual rate, butterﬂ y, and so on.

Please observe the safety notices and technical notices. Read through the instructions attentively. Before usage, test all functions by simply attaching servos to the receiver included in the set. While doing this, observe respective notes on page 68. This will help you learn the essential operating techniques and functions of the mc-32 HoTT.

Always handle your remote controlled model with a sense of responsibility so that you do not endanger yourself or others.

The Graupner team wishes you much pleasure and success with your mc-32 HoTT, the newest generation of remote control systems.

Kirchheim-Teck, December 2011

Remote control set description

Computer System mc-32

32 channel remote control set in 2.4 GHz-Graupner-HoTT technology (Hopping Telemetry Transmission)

Technology that enthralls The superior functional security of Graupner

HoTTTechnology accomplished with bidirectional communications between transmitter and receiver with integrated telemetry, freely programmable voice output via headset connector, and ultra-fast response times.

Programming is simpliﬁ ed by a programming technique implemented with capacitive touch buttons.

High contrast, 8 line, graphic display for perfect presentation of all parameter settings. Switch on/off of blue back-lighting at will. A second, independent display for presentation of telemetry data. Storage of telemetry data on a micro SD memory card.

4096 steps of 12-bit resolution on the channel signal assures extreme control sensitivity.

USB connection to read and write the model's memories as well as for making ﬁ rmware updates

Integrated • Graupner HoTT 2.4 GHz transmission system

Maximum interference immunity made possible b • optimized frequency hopping through as many as 75 channels and wider channel spread

Intelligent data transfer with correction function• Over 200 systems can be used simultaneously• The HoTT technique of bidirectional •

communication between sender and receiver, as well as the fastest possible transmission rate (10 ms) assures extremely short reaction times.

5 different languages (German, English, French, • Italian and Spanish) available per software update. For the availability of a given language, refer to the download area.

80 model memories with storage for all model-• speciﬁ c programs and parameter settings

Seven switches (two 3-way switches, three 2-way • switches and two 2 pushbutton switches) as well as three digital actuators are already built-in and can be used as desired

A function encoder with two touch-sensitive, • four-way keys ("CAP Touch") permit simpliﬁ ed programming and precise settings

Key-lock function to prevent unintentional • operation.

Voice and, as applicable also MP3 ﬁ le, output over • headset output or loudspeaker

Simple, very fast model-independent binding• Extremely fast rebinding, even at maximum •

distance Range: test and warning function• Under-voltage warning• Extremely wide receiver operating voltage range •

of 3.6 V to 8.4 V (functional to 2.5 V) Fail-safe, free channel assignment (channel •

mapping), mixer functions and all servo settings are simple to program

12 Remote control set description

Binding of any number of receivers to the channel • expansion (32 channels maximum)

As many as four servos can be controlled • simultaneously as a block in the SAME operating mode with a servo cycle time of 10 ms (digital servos only).

Thanks to cycle time reduced down to as little • as 10 ms, extremely short response times are achieved.

Real-time telemetry evaluation in the transmitter • display Additionally, telemetry data can also be selectively displayed by the SMART-BOX.

Additional HoTT features of the mc-32

Super-fast response time through use of a fast • main processor for data transmission.

Micro-SD card for storage of telemetry data and • for additional functions

Obsolescence-proof through update capability over • USB interface as well as via the micro-SD card

The included Lilo battery (changes reserved) • has a capacity of over 6000 mAh. This makes extremely long ﬂ ight times possible and also reduces the number of charging repetitions.

Modulation changeover per software: e.g. from • "EXT. PPM" (e.g. Weatronic) to HoTT at the press of a button.

Swashplate limiting: This function limits the • swashplate's tilt angle to prevent the potential for mechanical collision in helicopter 3D operation at full-limit roll and pitch-axis

Ring-limiter: • functions similar to swashplate limitation but is used for control of up to three Voith-Schneider drives in ship models

Channel sequencer for automating servo motion • sequences of up to three servos, e.g. to automate the lowering of landing gear or to extend/retract drives in self-launching gliders

Multi-channel function for operating • Graupner

product line NAUTIC modules Digital trimming with pseudo »analog« endless •

pinions, effective per speciﬁ c ﬂ ight-phase Auto-trim function. The current joystick positions •

for trimming ﬁ xed-wing or helicopter models will be stored in trim memory at the press of a button. (Model »compensation«, activate switch and release joystick. The correction will be blended in »gently« upon return of the joystick.

C1 changeover, brake/elec. motor: This • changeover can be implemented very easily via enhanced ﬂ ight phase programming. The pilot determines the joystick positions (forward/rear) at which the motor is to switched off or the airbrakes are to be retracted.

16 control functions maximum• Simpliﬁ ed arrangement of operating elements, •

such as joysticks, external switches, proportional controls and trim levers as control functions

Protection against obsolescence is provided • by virtue of a fast 32-bit operating system with modern ﬂ ash memory that can be updated.

Blue back-lighted MULTI-DATA-GRAPHIK-LCD • monitor with signiﬁ cantly better legibility under unfavorable light conditions

CONVENIENCE MODE SELECTOR to simplify • changeovers between operating modes 1 … 4 (e.g. throttle left/throttle right)

Two freely programmable mixers for ﬁ xed-wing • or helicopter models, each with freely selectable input and output functions; four curve mixers with innovative 8-point curve technology for easy to set and adjust curve values at up to eight points for throttle, pitch, tail or other nonlinear characteristics. The arithmetic unit in the CPU employs an ingenious method of calculating polynomial approximations for truly-rounded, ideal MPC (multi-point curve) mixer curves

Computer System mc-32

32 channel remote control set in 2.4 GHz Graupner-HoTT technology (Hopping Telemetry Transmission)

Shifting curve mixer points can be done along • both axes with the CAP touch pad keys

Eight ﬂ ight-phase programs can be individually • adapted for each model and given a name. The switchover time is programmable separately.

SUPER SERVO menu with a perfect overview • of all servo setting data and simple parameter correction at four "levels": direction of rotation, mid-point setting, separate servo travel on both sides and separate travel limiting on both sides for 16 servos with a total of 96 setting options

SUPER-DUAL-RATE, EXPO and EXPO/DUAL-• RATE menu with 36 potential setting variants for three servo functions and six ﬂ ight phases

Practice-optimized multi-function menu for • aerofoils and helicopter models. Entry of the number of aileron and ﬂ ap servos automatically programs all necessary mixer functions in the multi-function "Wing mixers" menu. Differential aileron mixer, butterﬂ y mixer, dual-ﬂ ap mixer, automatic gyro set function and other special functions

Helicopter swashplate mixer for 1, 2, 3, or 4 point • steering.

Selectable cycle time: 10 ms or 20 ms/30 ms, • depending on receiver and operating mode

A convenient timers menu with a system of eight • stopwatches, alarm timer, countdown timer, laps counter and so on. Two running timers and one lap timer can be displayed at the same time in large characters.

Stopwatch with history: In addition to the lap • counter there is a "Time 1" which captures the switch-on time and a "Time 2" which records the ON and OFF times separately

Channel mapping• in the receiver allows free distribution of control functions.

The travel distance and rotation direction settings •

Remote control set description

integrated into the receiver make it possible, for example, to match up mapped servos with one another

The programmable fail-safe functions »Hold«, • »Off« and »Move to preset positions« that are built into the receiver for every individual servo channel can be set separately

A slot for FAT or FAT32 formatted SD and SDHC • memory cards is available on the transmitter for log ﬁ les and model programs

Model programs

Transmitter operating time timer• Flight phase switch assignments: six switches, two •

with a priority function. Every switch combination can be named freely. This makes the number of ﬂ ight phases independent of the number of ﬂ ight phase switches.

Tail type normal, V-tail, Delta/ﬂ ying-wing and 2 HR • Sv 3+8 (which immediately makes two coupled elevator servos available without using free mixers or dual mixers)

Flap count 4 AIL/4 FL: Full support of eight wing • servos, even without use of free mixers

Flight phase switching cutoff delay: • the delay time can be switched off for individual

channels on a ﬂ ight-phase basis (e.g. for motor off in electric models or to activate/deactivate helicopter head lock).

Ten additional, user deﬁ nable phase names: aside from the prescribed ﬂ ight phase names, the user can also freely assign up to ten phase names of his own choice.

Enhanced transmitter control menu: option to • assign input-side mid-point setting for C1 control + trim as a transmitter control. A single input can be assigned to two switches for a true 3-way switch function.

Wing mixers: New concept for the multi-ﬂ ap menu •

to simplify settings of one to eight wing servos on a ﬂ ight-phase speciﬁ c basis in a comprehensible manner without requiring the use of free mixers

»Info« sub-option in the Base setup model menu • Any kind of additional information about every model can be entered here. This additional information will then appear in the newly designed model select function

»Logical switches«: this function permits two • switches to be coupled as »and« or »or« logic functions. The result can be employed as a virtual switch. Typical application: The activation of certain functions should only be possible in conjunction with other functions, e.g. wheel brake can only be activated when the landing gear is down. A number of functions which are normally independent of one another, are to be put in their base settings by way of an »Emergency switch«. This program automation can be activated by multiple switches that also select the appropriate program.

Servo-middle setting range extended to ±125 %• Number of ﬂ ight phases: (ﬁ xed-wing: 8, helicopter: •

7 + AR) Settable »Throttle too high« warning threshold •

in the helicopter menu, programmable switch-on warning

Time-frame can only be stopped, and thus also • erased, (if the timer switch is in its OFF position) by touching the center

ESC key while the  or

 selection keys are also being touched.

Phase trim for all axes of ﬁ xed-wing models • possible

Hotkey for servo display: one tap on the •  and  keys of the left CAP touch pad (touch sensitive keys) will call up the servo display directly from virtually all menus.

Servo occupancy swap on the receiver output•

CAP TOUCH operating elements with key lock • function to prevent unintentional operation.

CAP TOUCH display change from the main menu • to the telemetry main menu via

ESC.

Numerous telemetry displays, programming • functions and evaluation functions are presented directly in the transmitter's screen

Graphic presentation of model icons for the model • type display (ﬁ xed-wing/helicopter)

Built-in connector sockets for PC-USB interface, • headset, SMART BOX, external RF module, DSC system. Prepared for teacher/pupil operation.

Teacher/pupil system with or without cable for • complete transfer; all settings are made on the teacher transmitter.

Additional functions are planned for • implementation via software update.

14 Remote control set description

Technical data for the

mc-32 HoTT transmitter

Frequency band 2.4 … 2.4835 GHz Modulation FHSS Region EURO or FRANCE,

see page 261

Control functions 16 functions, 4 of these can be

trimmed Temperature range -10 … +55 °C Antenna collapsible Operating voltage 3.2 … 4.8 V Current draw about 500 mA Range up to about 4 000 m Dimensions about 252 x 252 x 60 mm Weight about 1,685 g with transmitter

battery

Receiver GR-32 Dual HoTT

Graupner HoTT 2.4 GHz technology gives the dualreceiver a new Hopping Telemetry Transmission highfrequency section with state-of-the-art components and software. The dual-receiver has two complete receiver sections and additional hardware antenna diversity. Reception is always switched over to the better antenna signal and, for transmitting, the antenna last used for receiving will always be used. Thus it is assured that return channel data is transmitted via the better positioned antenna. Parameters for receiver supply voltage, receiver temperature and signal strength are transmitted without any additional sensors.

The receiver has a connector for telemetry sensors and one for sum signal input or output.

The receiver has six battery inputs to make it an excellent power source for even high-load servos.

Accessories

Order No. Description

71.26 Transmitter straps, Graupner HoTT

72.40 Transmitter straps, deluxe

Teacher/pupil cable for mc-32 HoTT

see page 213

Replacement parts

Order No. Description 3080 Aluminum transmitter case, HoTT,

400x300x150 mm

33000.1 Transmitter battery, ﬂ at LiIo, single cell six- pack/6000 3.7 V TX

33002.1 Micro-SD card, 2 GB for HoTT transmitter

33032.2 Transmitter metal hanger for mc-32

33032.3 Hand rests for mc-32 (2 piece)

33801 HoTT transmitter antenna

Technical data for the GR-32 Dual HoTT receiver

Order no. 33516 Operating voltage 3.6 … 8.4 V* Current draw about 140 mA Frequency band 2.4 … 2.4835 GHz Modulation FHSS Antenna 2 x 2 diversity antennas,

about 145 mm long, about 115 mm of this length encapsulated and about

30 mm active Plug-in servos 16 Plug-in sensors up to four sensors Temperature range about -10 … +55 °C Range up to about 5 000 m Dimensions about 63 x 30 x 14 mm Antenna length 4 x wire 145 mm (active

antennae 30 mm) Weight about 24 g

* The speciﬁ cation for permissible operating voltage range applies

only to the receiver. Please note in this context that receiver input voltage is applied without regulation to connected servos but the voltage range for most connectible servos (speed controls, gyros, etc.) is only 4.8 to 6 V.

The set, order no. 33032, includes

Microcomputer transmitter •

mc-32 HoTT with

built-in LiIo single cell six-pack/6000 mAh/3.7 V transmitter battery (change reserved)

Electric outlet charger (4.2 V, 500 mA)• Graupner• bidirectional receiver, GR-32 Dual

HoTT (order no. 33516) for connection of up to 16 servos

USB adapter/interface (order no. • 7186.6) including suitable USB cable for connection to a PC and an adapter cable for receiver updates

Micro-SD card (2 GB) with an adapter for a card • reader

Sturdy aluminum transmitter case with foam • cushioning (order no. 3080)

Other accessories in Internet at www.graupner.de. Contact or visit your local dealer. He will be glad to provide advice.

Computer System mc-32

32 channel remote control set in 2.4 GHz Graupner-HoTT technology (Hopping Telemetry Transmission)

For your notes

General operating notices

Transmitter

Transmitter power supply

The

mc-32 HoTT transmitter is equipped with

a high-capacity, rechargeable LiIo 1s6p/6000

3.7V TX battery (order no. 33000.1) as standard equipment. (changes reserved) However, the

standard built-in battery is not charged upon delivery of the transmitter.

When the transmitter is used, its battery voltage should be monitored by way of the indicators provided in the LCD display. If the voltage level preset in the "Battery warning" line of the »General basic settings« menu, page 260, (default setting 3.60 V) is underrun, an acoustic signal will be sounded and a warning message will appear in the display.

#01

0:00h

Stoppuhr Flugzeit

K78

0:00.0

3.5V

0:00.0

0:00h

Batt must be recharged!!

No later than now, operation must be terminated so the battery can be charged again.

Note: Be sure the correct battery type is set in the »General

basic settings« menu, page 260! The standard setting for this is "Lith.".

Charge the transmitter battery with the plug-in charger.

The transmitter's rechargeable LiIo battery can be charged by way of the charger socket located behind a cover on the left, front side of the transmitter – as viewed from the front – with the included plug-in charger (order no. 32032.4).

Depending on the state of discharge, the included plug-in charger (4.2 V/500 mA) requires up to about 15 hours to fully recharge the transmitter battery.

Never use plug-in chargers from other manufacturers or chargers intended for other battery types. Charger output voltage which is too high or possibly even different plug polarity, see further below, can cause immense damage. We recommend that this plug-in charger be appropriately labeled.

Also observe the safety notices provided on pages 4 … 7.

The transmitter must be switched "OFF" during the entire charging procedure. Never switch on the transmitter when it is connected to the charger. Even a brief interruption to charging can cause charging voltage to rise to a level that will immediately damage the transmitter with over-voltage. Also for this reason, be sure all connectors are always plugged in securely and have good contact.

Opening the transmitter housing

Switch off the transmitter before opening it (power switch to »OFF«). Push both housing base latches in the opposite the direction of the arrow marks, toward the inside, to their limits. Now tilt the transmitter somewhat to the rear so the housing base can ﬂ ip open and can be unhooked. Close the transmitter's housing base by ﬁ rst hooking it to the underside, ﬂ ip the base closed then push both latches toward the outside. When closing the base, pay attention that no cables are pinched.

Notes:

Make no modiﬁ cations of any kind to the • circuit boards as this will void the guarantee as well as the unit's ofﬁ cial permit.

Be sure not to touch the circuit boards with • any metallic objects. Do not touch contacts with your ﬁ ngers.

Before performing any tasks inside the • transmitter, disconnect the transmitter's battery (see next page) to avoid potential short circuit damage to the transmitter's circuit boards.

General operating notices

Charging with automatic chargers

To achieve quicker recharging of the single cell LiIo battery, Graupner automatic chargers can also be used. The table below shows a selection of these chargers.

Recommended chargers (accessory)

Order No. Designation

Input voltage 220 V

Input voltage 12 V

suitable for

battery types

integr. balancer

NiCd

NiMH

LiPo/LiIo

lead battery

6411 Ultramat 8 x x x x x 6463 Ultramat 12 plus x x xxxx 6464 Ultramat 14 plus x x x xxxx 6466 Ultra Trio plus 14 x x x xxxx 6468 Ultramat 16S x x x xxxx 6469 Ultra Trio Plus 16 x x x x x x 6470 Ultramat 18 x x x xxxx 6475 Ultra Duo Plus 45 x x x xxxx 6478 Ultra Duo Plus 60 x x x xxxx 6480 Ultra Duo Plus 80 x x x xxxx

Charger cable, order no. 3022 is additionally needed for the transmitter and charger cable, order no. 3021 is additionally needed for the receiver.

Other charger units and details about the listed chargers can be found in the Graupner RC main catalog or in Internet at www.graupner.de.

The charger socket is equipped standard with a diode to protect against reversed polarity. Original Graupner automatic chargers also detect battery voltage polarity.

Observe the conﬁ guration notices for the charger used.

First connect the charger cable's banana plugs to the charger and only then connect the cable's other end into the charging jack on the transmitter. Never allow the bare ends of the banana plugs to come into contact with one another when the other end of the cable is plugged into the transmitter.

Charging current may not exceed 1.5 A as otherwise the diode, and perhaps other components, could be damaged. If necessary, limit the current at the charger.

mc-32 HoTT charging jack polarity

The charger cables on the market from other manufacturers often have different polarities. Therefore use only an original Graupner charger cable, order no. 3022.

Removing the transmitter's battery

To remove the transmitter's battery, ﬁ rst unlatch the cover of the battery compartment on the rear side of the transmitter housing then remove the cover.

Take out the transmitter's battery then disconnect the transmitter battery's connector by carefully pulling on the supply line cable.

Inserting the transmitter's battery

The battery connector is protected against a reverse polarity connection by two slanted edges, see illustration. When correctly plugged in, the unconnected pin of the connector is at the bottom, as shown in the illustration. The plus pole (red lead) is in the middle and the minus pole (brown or black lead) is toward the antenna side.

Never try to force the connector onto its circuit-board socket.

Place the battery into its compartment and close the transmitter's cover.

Transmitter connector polarity

Battery connector

General operating notices

Battery operation timer at the bottom left of the screen

This timer shows the transmitter's cumulative operating time since the transmitter's battery was last charged.

This timer is automatically reset to "0:00" when the transmitter is switched on and its battery voltage is signiﬁ cantly higher than when the transmitter was last used, e.g. because the battery was charged.

#01

0:00h

Stop watch Flight tim

K78

0:00.0

4.1V

0:00.0

0:00h

Lithium battery, CR 2032

On the side of the transmitter board opposite the transmitter battery there is a ﬁ xture containing a lithium battery, type CR 2032, which can be replaced by the user.

This battery maintains the date and time settings during a transmitter power supply outage, for example when the transmitter's main battery is being replaced.

Joystick length adjustment

The length of both joysticks can be continuously adjusted to adapt these transmitter controls to the pilot's preference.

Hold the lower half of the knurled grip in place then turn the upper section to release its counter-locked threads.

Now pull up or push down on the joystick's end to the desired length. When the length is suitable, tighten the counter-locked threads of the upper and lower sections again.

Lithium battery

General operating notices

Joystick restoring force

The joystick's restoring force can also be adjusted to the pilot's preference. The adjustment is located next to the return springs, see markings in the ﬁ gure below.

Spring force for the given direction of motion can be adjusted by turning the respective screw with a Phillips screwdriver.

clockwise = stronger return,• counter-clockwise = weaker return.•

Note: The aggregate for the right joystick is a mirror image of the left joystick so corresponding screws for the right joystick are located to the right of the middle.

Joystick conversions

Neutralization

Both the left and the right joystick can be conﬁ gured for neutralized or non-neutralized operation. Open the transmitter.

To change the joystick's factory setting, locate the screw shown in the ﬁ gure below enclosed in a white circle.

Note: The aggregate for the right joystick is a mirror image of the left joystick so the corresponding screw for the right joystick is on the right side just below the middle.

Now turn this screw down until the respective joystick is free to move from limit to limit - or turn the screw out until the joystick again completely self-restoring.

Brake spring and ratchet

The outboard screw of the two marked in the next ﬁ gure adjusts the braking force and the inboard screw adjusts the strength of the ratchet for the respective joystick.

Note: The aggregate for the right joystick is a mirror image of the left joystick so corresponding screws for the right joystick are located at the top left.

vertical

horizontal

General operating notices

Holder bracket for transmitter straps

A stable transmitter hanger for fastening neck straps is standard equipment on the

mc-32 HoTT

transmitter. To unfold the holder brackets, ﬁ rst press both

brackets inward a bit near where they are lettered then turn them upward by 90 °. The brackets will automatically lock into position.

If you have a neck strap fastened to the holder bracket with key-rings, ﬁ rst press lightly on the right holder bracket to release its latch so it can be folded down then do the same with the left holder bracket. Afterward, press both brackets SIMULTANEOUSLY into the recess.

The following straps are available as accessories:

Order no. Description

71.26 Transmitter straps, Graupner HoTT

72.40 Transmitter straps, deluxe

Installation of switches, switch modules and knob modules

There are a total of 20 holes in the transmitter's housing available for mounting accessory modules.

To be safe, always disconnect the transmitter battery before installation to avoid short circuit conditions. Be sure to pay attention that soldered points on the transmitter board do not come into contact with metal objects!

Unoccupied holes in the transmitter's housing are closed with blind plugs. These can easily be pulled out from the outside with one's ﬁ ngernails.

Insert the accessory switch, etc. through a hole in the housing from the inside.

Accessory switches, potentiometers, etc. are fastened into place by screwing a nut onto the threaded shaft protruding though the housing and tightening it with a suitable wrench. If the control has a knob, it can be reattached after the nut is tightened down. Trim nut wrench (order no. 5733) is well suited for tightening down these nuts.

Trim nut wrench (order no. 5733) is well suited for tightening down switch element trim nuts.

Aligning the antenna

The removable, articulated antenna is to be screwed into the ball-joint connector then aligned by hand.

The antenna exhibits very limited ﬁ eld strength straight out from its end, pointing it directly toward the model is wrong.

When screwing in the antenna, pay attention that the center pin in the antenna socket does not get bent or pressed back in the socket.

21General operating notices

Transmitter description

Front side

Antenna

removable antenna, with kink and twist joint

Option locations

for retroﬁ tting the transmitter with switches and knob modules 8 switches included as standard equipment

Function modules

three sliders, "SR1", "SR2", "SR3"

Digital trim

For the ﬁ ne-tuning of servo positions (travel neutralization). When turned, each click produces an increment of adjustment (position indicator in display). A press on the trim wheel will reset the trim adjustment.

LC Display (more details available on page 28.) Contrast adjustment: a simultaneous tap on () + "SET" of the right touch pad = change to "secret options"

Warning indicators:

for underrun of preset battery voltage threshold• for fault function of the teacher/pupil system• C1 joystick too far toward full throttle when • transmitter is switched on …•

ON/OFF switch (ON/OFF with LED display)

Note: Always switch on the transmitter then the receiver. When switching off, ﬁ rst switch off the receiver then the transmitter.

Joystick

Two joysticks for a total of four independent control functions. The length of the joysticks can be adjusted. The correlation of control functions 1 … 4 can be set on a model type basis by way of the »Basic settings, model« and »Control adjust« menus, e.g. throttle left or right. The throttle joystick can be converted from neutralizing to non-neutralizing, see page 19.

touch sensitive keys, left and right

LC Display (more details available on page 28.)

Telemetry indicators: receiver parameters, standard. Other indicators dependent on the data from the optional sensors connected.

LED indicators

BATTERY: illuminates when voltage is sufﬁ cient RF: illuminates during RF radiation WARNING: blinks, for example, when "Throttle too

high", "no pupil signal", "Transmitter battery voltage too low", …

Function module

rotary control: left-side "SD2", right-side "SD1"

Function modules

Drum roller control: left "DG5", top "DG3", right "DG1"

Function modules

Knob control (depressible): left "DG4", right "DG2"

Loudspeaker

left touch pad:

SET = select/conﬁ rm SET touched for about 1 s: Changeover between

telemetry menu and basic display

= scroll in one of the four directions with every

tap (, , , ) simultaneous horizontal tap () = changeover between basic display and servo

display

simultaneous vertical tap of the left () keys + "SET" of the right touch pad = changeover to the "secret options", see page 32.

SET = select/conﬁ rm

= scroll or change value with every touch of one

of the four direction symbols (, , , )

Circle with the ﬁ nger around the circumference = scroll/change values. Alternative values

selection with the left touch pad (, , , )

simultaneous tap on  or  = CLEAR

right touch pad:

(more

gppg

attery voltage too low",

…

… 4 can be set on a model type basis by

ay of the »Basic settings, model« and

ontrol adjust

menus, e.g. throttle left or

righ

t. The throttle joystick can be converted fro

eutralizing to non-neutralizing, see page 9.

standard. Other indicators

ata from the optional se

oudspeake

nction m

odules

rum roller control: left "DG5", top "DG3", right "DG1"

nob control (depress

ible): left "DG4"

, r

ight "DG

unction modules

Connector sockets

on the face side, protected by a cover, see beginning page 22

22 General operating notices - Face-side connections

telemetry data and symbols will be suppressed.

#01

0:00h

Stop watch Flight tim

K78

0:00.0

4.1V

0:00.0

0:00h

DSC

The transmitter's upper display will show the message "CANNOT RECEIVE DATA" during this time.

Thus the transmitter is ready for operation. In contrast, the mc-32 HoTT transmitter in teacher

mode is to be switched on prior to plugging in the respective cable.

Connect the other end of the cable to the desired 3. unit in compliance with the given operating instructions for that unit.

Important: Pay attention that all plugs are inserted

securely into their respective sockets and use only the prescribed 2-pole TRS connector plugs on the DSC-side.

In the line "DSC Output" in the »4. Basic settings, model«, page 81 or 88 or the line "Pre-set DSC

Output" in the »General basic settings«, page 258, – depending on the number of functions transferred – one of the following modes can be set: PPM10, PPM16, PPM18 or PPM24. Default setting: PPM10.

Notice about ﬂ ight simulators: Because of the myriad of ﬂ ight simulators available on the market, it may be necessary to have the contact layout of the audio plug or DSC module appropriately modiﬁ ed by Graupner Service.

DSC / Direct Servo Control

The acronym "DSC" is a carryover which stands for the original "Direct Servo Control" function. However, in HoTT systems the "direct servo control" function is no longer available via a diagnose cable due to technical reasons.

Once the left face-side cover has been moved away, the

mc-32 HoTT transmitter's DSC socket is

accessible:

The standard two-pole DSC jack in the mc-32 HoTT transmitter is used as the teacher or pupil jack as well as an interface to ﬂ ight simulators.

To ensure a proper DSC connection, please observe:

Make any necessary menu changes.1. Refer to the section beginning on page 210 to

adapt the mc-32 HoTT transmitter to a teacher/ pupil system.

When operating a ﬂ ight simulator or when 2. operating the mc-32 HoTT transmitter as a pupil transmitter, ALWAYS leave the transmitter's ON/ OFF switch in the "OFF" position as only in this position does the transmitter's RF module remain inactive after the DSC cable is inserted. This also reduces the transmitter's power consumption somewhat.

Only the "

Battery

" LED should remain constantly illuminated and the transmitter's basic display should show the character string "DSC" below the operating time clock. At this time, the display of

Face-side connections

Charger jack

The mc-32 HoTT transmitter's charger jack becomes accessible after turning the left face-side cover away.

Maximum permissible charging current with Graupner automatic chargers: 1.5 A.

More information about charging the transmitter's battery can be found on page 16. Observe the safety notices on pages 7 … 9 when handling lithium batteries.

General operating notices - Face-side connections

Card slot

micro SD and micro SDHC The

mc-32 HoTT transmitter's card slot for type

micro-SD and micro-SDHC memory cards becomes accessible once the right face-side cover has been turned away.

All conventional micro SD memory cards up to 2 GB and micro SDHC cards up to 32 GB storage capacity can be used. However, as a manufacturer we recommend the use of memory cards no larger than 4 GB as this is completely adequate for all normal situations.

The type of memory card to be used in the transmitter is that known in conjunction with digital cameras and cell phones. It is to be pushed into the slot, contacts up, until it latches, see photos above.

Once the memory card has been inserted, the transmitter's cover ﬂ ap can be closed again.

The stylized image of a memory card will appear in the basic setup screen to indicate the presence of the inserted memory card.

#01

0:00h

Stop watch Flight tim

K78

0:00.0

4.1V

0:00.0

0:00h

RX VOLT 4.8V

Removing the memory card

Press the SC card a bit further into the card slot to

The so-called "DATA jack" is located at the right of this group of connector sockets.

This jack is intended for connection of the optional Smart-Box, order no. 33700.

Details about the Smart-Box can be found with the given product in the Graupner RC main catalog or in Internet at www.graupner.de.

Data jack

Connector jack for software updates as well as for changing date and time from a PC with a Windows XP, Vista or 7 operating system.

The USB cable, order no. 32032, which is included with the set is to be connected to this jack. The procedure for carrying out a software update via a PC is described on page 43.

The PC software required, as well as the suitable USB driver, can be found on the download page for the given product on the Graupner website at www.graupner.de.

Once the necessary driver and software is installed on the PC, this USB connection can be used to update the transmitter or even just to set the transmitter's date and time.

To set the transmitter's date and time by way of this jack, refer to the »Info display« menu, beginning page 266.

Mini-USB connector

24 General operating notices - Face-side connections

voice packet of a different language at any time. More information about this can be found in the section »SECRET MODE« beginning on page 32.

Importing/exporting model memories

Any model memory can be stored to an inserted memory card or from an inserted card into the transmitter. This feature is intended to support data exchange between identical transmitters or even use as data backup. More information about this can be found in the section »Copy / Erase« beginning on page 71.

Note: Some special symbols that can be used in model names are subject to speciﬁ c restrictions associated with the FAT or FAT32 ﬁ le system used by the memory cards and these special symbols will be replaced during the copy process with a tilde (~).

Once the right face-side cover has been moved away, the

mc-32 HoTT transmitter's headset connector is

accessible:

The jack is intended for connecting conventional earplugs or a headset by way of a 3.5 mm TRS plug. (not included in the set) An appropriate symbol will appear in the basic display when a headset is connected.

#01

0:00h

Stop watch Flight tim

K78

0:00.0

4.1V

0:00.0

0:00h

RX VOLT:4.8V

The transmitter's acoustic signals as well as those signals associated with the telemetry menu are output via this connection. These announcements are made in German language by default. More about this can be found under "Voice output" in the section »SECRET MODE« beginning on page 32 and »Telemetry« beginning on page 228.

The volume of signals and voice output sent to the headset can be adjusted individually in the lines "Voice volume", "Vario volume", and "Touchbeeps vol." of the »General basic settings« menu, page 259.

Headset connector

release the slot's latch then pull out the memory card.

Data acquisition / storage

The storage of data on the SD card is coupled to the ﬂ ight timer. If this timer is started – when a suitable memory card is inserted in the card slot and a telemetry link to the receiver exists – data acquisition is also started. Data acquisition will stop again when the ﬂ ight timer is stopped. The ﬂ ight timer is started and stopped as described in the section "Timers (general)" on page 153.

While data acquisition is ongoing, the on-screen card image

will blink continuously at a slow rate.

The amount of data written on the memory card is presented as a black bar graph which grows from left to right as data ﬁ lls the memory card.

After a data acquisition session is ﬁ nished, there will be an (empty) folder "Models" and a "LogData" folder on the memory card. Within the "LogData" folder there will be log ﬁ les in sub-folders that are designated with names in the format 0001_yearmonth-day.bin, 0002_year-month-day.bin, etc. If a model memory folder is still "unnamed" when the memory card is removed from the transmitter and inserted into the card slot of a PC or laptop, the respective log ﬁ les can be found in a sub-folder designated "NoName". There is a PC program available on the transmitter's download web page at www.graupner.de with which the stored data can be evaluated on a compatible PC.

Importing voice ﬁ les

As mentioned in section "Headsets", here at the right, the transmitter's acoustic signals as well as those signals and announcements associated with the telemetry menu can be output by way of the headset connector. These announcements are made in German language by default. These announcements are summarized in a voice packet which is stored in a transmitter-internal memory but can be replaced by a

General operating notices - Face-side connections

An external RF module, for example a WEATRONIC module, can be connected to this jack, see illustration below.

An external RF module, for example a WEATRONIC module, can be connected to this jack.

If an external RF module is attached, then switching between the external module and the internal HoTT RF module is accomplished in the "Module" line of the »Basic settings, model« menu, page 77 or 85, by selecting either "HoTT" or "EXT.PPM". If necessary, the signal provided on this connection can be inverted by selecting the appropriate option for the line "ext. PPM signal" in this same menu, see page 83 or 92.

Note: The "INT PPM" socket located inside the transmitter is also suitable for this purpose. However, a connecting cable must be passed through to the outside of the transmitter housing by way of one of the module openings originally intended for a switch.

EXT.PPM

The designation "SPI" stands for an interface for future applications. This socket is currently nonfunctional and may not be connected.

SPI

26 General operating notices - Face-side connections

Bottom side transmitter interior

Notes: Disconnect the transmitter battery at its connector when performing any type of work inside the transmitter. Never allow solder points to come into contact with objects as this can create short circuit conditions.

All jacks and plugs not described are to be left unconnected.

Transmitter battery plug

For charging the battery and a list of suitable automatic chargers, see page 17

Lithium battery CR2032 (not rechargeable)

Independent backup for the transmitter's

date and time settings, see »Info display« menu on page 266.

Transmitter battery

Observe charging rules, see page 16

Plug-in locations

Six free plug-in locations for additional switches are standard, see page 21

These switch plug-in locations can be used in any sequence.

Plug-in location

One free plug-in location for a proportional rotary control module, order no. 33001.11

INT PPM plug-in location

One free plug-in location for connecting an additional – internal – RF module

ithium batteryCR2032

(

not rechargeable

)

ndependentbackup for the transmitter's

date and time settings, see »Info display«

enu on page

Plug-in locations (UVR, 5-pole)

eight free plug-in locations for future rotary control installations.

For your notes

28 Transmitter description - Display and keypad

Display and keypad

Stopwatch in min:s (upward/downward)

Flight timer in min:s

Model memory location 1 … 80

Transmitter battery voltage with dynamic bar indicator. If the lithium battery voltage underruns the 3.60 V (adjustable) threshold a warning message will appear and an acoustic warning will sound. (switchover for NiMH batteries.)

Transmitter operating time This will automatically be reset to zero after a charging process.

Model type indicator winged model, helicopter

Display diagram for all four digital trim levers with numeric indicator and direction indicator

Graupner|SJ logo or ﬂ ight phase name

Model name

Operating mode HoTT/PPM

Receiver battery voltage RX-SPG

Model operating time

Owner name

micro-SD card inserted

Signal strength

M=Model operation P = Pupil (pupil trans- mitter)

pupil

signal!

Throttle

too

high!

Batt. must

be re-

charged!!

Fail Safe

setup

t.b.d.

A selection of potential warnings and notices. More about this on page 30.

left touch pad:

SET = select/conﬁ rm SET touched for about 1 s: Changeover between

telemetry menu and basic display

= scroll one of the four directions with every tap:

(, , , ) simultaneous horizontal tap () = changeover between basic display and servo

display

simultaneous vertical tap of the left () keys + "SET" of the right touch pad = changeover to the "secret options", see page 32.

SET = select/conﬁ rm

= scroll or change value with every touch of one

of the four direction symbols (, , , )

Circle with the ﬁ nger around the circumference = scroll/change values. Alternative values

selection with the left touch pad (, , , )

simultaneous tap on  or  = CLEAR

right touch pad:

Model ty

pe indicator

winged

model, helicopter

dea

ting

ting t

Model

nam

Model

oper

wner nam

ransmitter battery voltage with dynamic bar i

ithium battery voltage underruns the 3.60 V (

hreshold a warning message will appear and

arning will sound. (switchover for NiMH batte

ransmitter operating time This will automatically be reset to zero after a

arging process

isplay diagram for all four digital trim levers with numeric indicator an

irection indicato

dicator. If the

djustable

)

an acoustic ries.

)

icro-SD card insert

(

raupn

ht ph

logo or

se nam

l strength

tio

upil

il trans

Transmitter description - Display and keypad

Operating the "data terminal"

Entry keys ESC and SET

Display symbols

Displayed telemetry symbols

the active model memory has not yet been

"bound" to a HoTT receiver. More about the "Binding" process can be found on page 77 and 85.

Switched off on RF transmitter side

blinking antenna symbol: The last receiver bound to the active model is

inactive or out of range

M x no telemetry signal to receive M signal strength indicator of the connection to

the model

P signal strength indicator of the connection to the

pupil transmitter in the display of the teacher

transmitter for wireless teacher/pupil operation

Keys left of the display

ESC• key

each brief tap on the ESC key will cause a stepwise return in function selection or even further to the base screen. Any changes made to settings remain.

Momentarily touching the ESC key for about 1 s while in the base screen will open and close the Telemetry menu.

Selection keys •  

A tap on one of these keys will scroll, 1. appropriate for the given arrow direction, through lists, such as through the model selection list or the multi-function list or within menus though the menu's lines.

A brief simultaneous tap on the 2.  keys will cause a switch from the transmitters base screen, as well as from almost any menu position, into the »Servo display« menu.

Keys to the right of the display

S• ET key

After switching the transmitter on, a brief tap 1. on the SET key will cause a jump from the displayed base screen to the Multi-function menu. In the same manner, a selected menu can now be called up with the SET key.

Within menus having settings, activate / 2. deactivate (conﬁ rm) the given setting ﬁ elds with a tap on the SET key.

Selection keys •  

1. "Scrolling" through the Multi-function menu and menu lines within the Basic Settings menu analogous to the selection keys of the left touch pad or by "circling" over the four selection keys.

2. Select or set parameters in setting ﬁ elds after their activation with a tap on the SET key, whereby the  and  keys will have the same given function. In this case it is completely irrelevant which of these two keys are used.

A brief simultaneous tap on the 3.  or  keys will set a changed parameter value in the entry ﬁ eld back to its default value (CLEAR).

Notes:

Touching the given touch pad does not itself • initiate the given action but rather the end of the touch.

In the event the touch pads do not exhibit any • functionality immediately after switching the transmitter off and then on again right away, this is not a fault. Just switch the transmitter off again then wait for several seconds before switching it on again.

30 Transmitter description - Shortcuts and warning notices

Shortcuts

The following key combinations can be used to directly call up certain menus and options:

CLEAR• A brief simultaneous tap on the  or 

keys of the right touch pad will reset a changed parameter value in the active entry ﬁ eld back to its default value.

»• Servo display« A brief simultaneous tap on the  keys of the

left touch pad will change from the transmitter's base screen or from almost any menu position to the »Servo display« menu, see page 262.

»• Telemetry« menu Tap the center

ESC key of the left touch pad for

about 1 s to call up the »Telemetry« menu from the transmitter's base screen or return to the base screen again, see text beginning on page 228.

Graphic display of telemetry data•

Brieﬂ y touching one of the selection keys of the left or right touch pad will cause a jump from the base screen directly to the transmitter's graphic display of telemetry data or will allow paging back and forth between individual graphic displays.

A brief tap on the center ESC or SET key will cause a return back to the base screen.

»• SECRET MODE« (language selection and contrast)

Touch and hold the  selection keys of the left touch pad then momentarily touch the SET key of the right touch pad, see text beginning on the next double-page.

Entry lockout• Entry lockout is activated and deactivated from the

base screen by simultaneously touching the ESC and SET keys for about 2 s.

Quick-Select•

From the multi-function list, a jump can be made into a "Structure overview" by way of a brief,

simultaneous tap on the  or  keys of the right touch pad. Menus are arranged in clear groups in this overview.

Memory Base servo sett. Transm. controls Switches

Flight phases Timers

Mixers Special funct.

Global functions

All codes

Now the desired group can be selected with the  selection keys of the left or right touch pad …

Memory

Base servo sett. Transm. controls Switches

Flight phases Timers

Mixers Special funct.

Global functions

All codes

… then ﬁ nally tap the center SET key of the right touch pad brieﬂ y. As soon as the key is released, only the respective generic term for the given menu will remain listed. For example:

Copy / Erase Supress codes

Supress models

Model select

Warning notices

BIND. N/A

"Bind not available" A receiver has not yet been

bound to the currently active model memory. A brief tap on the SET key will cause a direct jump to the appropriate option.

CAN‘T

RECEIVE

DATA

No bound receiver in range

OFFON

Please select

RF on/off?

Only for a receiver that has already been bound:

Please select RF "on" or "off"?

MUST BE

OFF

Prompt to switch off RF transmission

(A bound receiver can only be replaced by another receiver when RF transmission is switched off.)

ACT

TRAINER

Wireless Link

INH

Is the "wireless teacher/ pupil connection" that was active when the transmitter was last used to be continued, ACT (active, i.e. continue) or switched off INH (inhibit, i.e. discontinue)?

Batt. must be recharged!!

Operating voltage is too low

Warning notices

Transmitter description - Function ﬁ elds and entry lockout

Fail Safe

setup

t.b.d.

Failsafe has not yet been activated

Throttle too high!

Helicopter throttle joystick or limiter too high

No pupil signal

Connection between teacher and pupil is interrupted

SD-CARD

INSERT

No SD or SDHC memory card in the card slot or card is not legible

The transmitter has not been operated within • the time period speciﬁ ed by the "Stick warning" line of the »General basic settings« menu, see page 260. The message …

!Stick!

…, die "WARNING" LED at the right next to the on/off switch will blink and an acoustic warning will sound. If the transmitter is not operated within the next minute, the transmitter will switch itself off.

If battery voltage is too low, a model switch is • blocked for reasons of safety. An appropriate message will appear in the screen:

not possible now voltage too low

A lockout for the touch keys, and thus protection against inadvertent use of all setting options, can be established by touching and holding the

ESC and

SET keys simultaneously for about two seconds while

the mc-32 HoTT transmitter is in its basic display. This lockout condition is indicated by a key symbol, located at the intersection point of the trim bars, which is displayed in reverse video.

#01

0:00h

Stoppuhr Flugzeit

K78

0:00.0

4.1V

0:00.0

0:00h

Unlock by

ESC

and SET

RX VOLT:4.9V

The lockout is effective immediately but controls remains operationally ready.

This lockout can be removed by again touching and holding the ESC and SET keys for about two seconds. A lockout condition is also removed the next time the transmitter is switched on.

Entry lockout

Depending on the given menu, certain function ﬁ elds will appear on the bottom display line.

CLR SEL SET STO SYM ASY



A marked function is activated with a tap on the

SET key.

Function ﬁ elds

CLR• (clear) erase

SEL• (select): selection

SET• (set) "set" or adjust a value

STO• (store): store (e.g. control position) SYM• set values symmetrically ASY• set values asymmetrically

• switch ﬁ eld symbol (assignment of all types of switches)



• within a menu, change to the second page, (menu continuation)

Function ﬁ elds in the display

SEL, STO, SYM, ASY, ,

32 Transmitter description - Secret mode

The mc-32 HoTT transmitter's »SECRET MODE« menu can be called up from almost any menu position by touching and holding the  selection keys of the left touch pad and the

SET key of the right

touch pad for at least 3 seconds. This will produce the display shown below.

 SECRET MODE

TOP LCD CONTRAST

VOICE UPDATE

FIRMWARE UPDATE CALIBRATION

BOTTOM LCD CONTRAST

TOP / BOTTOM LCD CONTRAST

Following a tap on the center SET key of the right touch pad, a selected "… CONTRAST" line can be used to adjust the contrast of the given display to meet personal preference with the selection keys, as described in more detail on page 259. Another tap on the SET or ESC key will return to line selection.

The line …

VOICE UPDATE

As mentioned in section "Headsets" on page 24, the transmitter's acoustic signals as well as those signals and announcements associated with the telemetry menu can be output by way of the headset connector. These announcements are made in German language by default. These announcements are summarized in a voice packet which is stored in a transmitter-internal memory but they can be replaced by a voice packet of a different language at any time.

At the time of this manual's printing, the standard

SECRET MODE

Language selection and display contrast

SD card delivered with the set includes the following languages:

German• English• French• Italian• Spanish•

The given active language packet can be swapped out either with the PC program available as a download from the transmitter's web page at www.graupner.de or with the SD card, as described below. If not already done, insert the SD card or SDHC card into the transmitter as described on page 23. Once the memory card is inserted in the transmitter, switch the transmitter on with RF switched off.

Please select

RF on/off?

OFF

Language change

Use the selection keys of the left or right touch pad to select the line "VOICE UPDATE" line.

 SECRET MODE

TOP LCD CONTRAST

VOICE UPDATE

FIRMWARE UPDATE

BOTTOM LCD CONTRAST

Use the center SET key of the right touch pad to switch to the selection page for the "VOICE UPDATE" line.

FILE LIST

VOICE_FRANCE.VDF VOICE_GERMAN.VDF VOICE_ITALIANO.VDF VOICE_SPAIN.VDF

VOICE_ENGLISH.VDF

Now use the  keys of the left or right touch pad to choose the desired language, for example:

FILE LIST

VOICE_FRANCE.VDF

VOICE_ITALIANO.VDF VOICE_SPAIN.VDF

VOICE_ENGLISH.VDF

VOICE_GERMAN.VDF

Conﬁ rm the choice with another tap on the center SET key of the right touch pad. The selected language packet will be loaded into the transmitter's memory.

 SECRET MODE

TOP LCD CONTRAST

VOICE UPDATE

FIRMWARE UPDATE

BOTTOM LCD CONTRAST

22/100%

The loading process is ﬁ nished as soon as the progress bar at the lower edge of the display disappears.

Transmitter description - Secret mode

 SECRET MODE

TOP LCD CONTRAST

VOICE UPDATE

FIRMWARE UPDATE

BOTTOM LCD CONTRAST

When this process is ﬁ nished, switch off the transmitter. All settings stored in the transmitter remain intact

after a change of language has been made.

Notes:

If the warning …•

MUST BE

OFF

… appears, then the transmitter's RF radiation is still active. Jump to the »Base setup model« menu, select the "RF transmit" line, select its "OFF" option then repeat the procedure

If the warning …•

SD-CARD

INSERT

… appears then the transmitter does not detect a memory card in its card slot or the card found cannot be read.

If the selection window is empty …•

FILE LIST

… then the transmitter could not ﬁ nd an appropriate ﬁ le on the inserted memory card. Check the contents of the SD card's "VoiceFile" directory on a PC or laptop.

FIRMWARE UPDATE Change display language

Important notice: Be sure to check the charge status of your transmitter's battery or charge its battery as a precaution before every update. Also backup all occupied model memories so they can be restored if that should become necessary.

 SECRET MODE

TOP LCD CONTRAST

VOICE UPDATE

FIRMWARE UPDATE

BOTTOM LCD CONTRAST

In the same manner as described above in the section "VOICE UPDATE", this menu item can be used to update or change the transmitter's ﬁ rmware, including its display language. At the time of this manual's printing, the standard SD card delivered with the set includes the following languages:

German• English•

A French, Italian and Spanish version are to be implemented at a later point in time.

Appropriate updates and information can be found on the

mc-32 HoTT transmitter's product page under the

Download link at www.graupner.de.

FILE LIST

MC-32_1V234_ENGLISH.BIN MC-32_1V234_FRENCH.BIN

MC-32_1V234_DEUTSCH.BIN

Now use the  selection keys of the left or right touch pad to choose the desired ﬁ rmware version, for example:

FILE LIST

MC-32_1V234_FRENCH.BIN

MC-32_1V234_DEUTSCH.BIN

MC-32_1V234_ENGLISH.BIN

Conﬁ rm the choice with another tap on the center

SET key of the right touch pad. The loading of

ﬁ rmware into the transmitter's memory will be started and following two displays, visible only very brieﬂ y, which only make reference to the ﬁ rmware update …

34 Transmitter description - Secret mode



Firmware Download Prozess Start

Please Wait....



Boot Download Success!!!

Please Wait....

…, the message:



Firmware Downloading... Progress 023/275

… will appear in the display. As soon as the counter to the left of the "/" character reaches the value shown on the right as the volume to be loaded, the message …



Firmware Upgrade Success!!!

… will appear. After a few seconds this message will be erased and the transmitter will automatically restart. The transmitter is now again operational.

Notes:

If the warning …•

SD-CARD

INSERT

… appears then the transmitter does not detect a memory card in its card slot or the card found cannot be read.

If the selection window is empty …•

FILE LIST

… then the transmitter could not ﬁ nd a suitable ﬁ rmware ﬁ le on the inserted memory card. Check the contents of the SD card's "Firmware" directory on a PC or laptop.

JOYSTICK CALIBRATION

If you feel the neutral position of your self-calibrating joysticks (controls 1 … 4) are not exactly 0 % of their control travel, then this can be checked and, if necessary, corrected as follows.

Jump to the »Model select« menu and initialize a free model memory as described on page 69. Whether the model to be initialized is a winged aircraft or a helicopter is irrelevant.

Wait for the notices which typically appear in the transmitter's base screen following a model change then jump to the »Servo display« menu, for example

by simultaneously touching the  keys of the left touch pad (WITHOUT any interim changes to trim settings or other program settings).

If all four of your transmitter's joystick functions are still self-neutralizing, this display should ideally look like the one shown below.

1 3 5 7

11 13 15

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2 4 6

8 10 12 14 16

Otherwise the graph bars show current setting percentages for joystick control functions which are not self-neutralizing – typically for the "C1" throttle/ brake or throttle/pitch joystick. For example, if the throttle/brake joystick is in its "quarter-throttle" position, the display would appear as shown below.

1 3 5 7

11 13 15

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

–50

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

8 10 12 14 16

One after the other, put both joysticks into each of their four possible limit positions without exerting force at the limit position. In each of these eight possible limit positions, the – side dependent – indication for exactly -100 % or +100 % should be displayed. For example, if transmitter control 2 is at its right limit and the other three joystick functions are in their respective middle positions then the transmitter's display should look like the one shown below.

Transmitter description - Secret mode

1 3 5 7

11 13 15

–100

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2 4 6

8 10 12 14 16

Regardless of the number of self-neutralizing joystick functions available on your transmitter, if these checks produce four 0 % results and eight 100 % results then your transmitter's joysticks are optimally calibrated. You can terminate this process then, if appropriate, delete the model memory just created.

Otherwise jump (as described at the outset of the previous double page) to the "Stick calibration" line in the »SECRET MODE« menu then brieﬂ y touch the center SET key of the right touch pad.

STICK CALIBRATION





The  selection keys of the right touch pad will now allow you to cyclically select the four calibrated joystick planes, e.g. the left/right plane of the right joystick.

STICK CALIBRATION





Now position the right joystick – without exerting extra force – to its left limit corresponding with the onscreen blinking arrow pointing to the left.

STICK CALIBRATION

+102%





… and brieﬂ y tap the center SET key of the right touch pad. This concludes this example calibration of the right joystick's left limit. The circle in the middle of the stylized joystick plane will now blink as conﬁ rmation of the calibration.

STICK CALIBRATION

+100%





Now release the self-neutralizing joystick so it can return to its center position and then tap again on the center SET key to calibrate the joystick's centered position. The right triangle marker will begin to blink.

STICK CALIBRATION





Repeat the calibration process for the right limit of the right joystick. The other joystick planes are calibrated analogously.

Proceed similarly to calibrate the three sliders mounted in the middle console and the two proportional rotary controls on the sides of the transmitter. The calibration options for these ﬁ ve proportional controls can be reached by repeatedly tapping on the  or  selection keys of the right touch pad until the desired calibration position is reached, e.g..:

LEVER CALIBRATION





Notes:

Correct any bad calibrations by repeating the • respective process.

Within a given joystick plane, each of the three • calibration positions can be selected directly with the  selection keys of the left or right touch pad.

Brieﬂ y touching the center ESC key of the left touch pad will terminate the process and return to the submenu "Stick calibration".

36 Transmitter description - Telemetry data display

The

mc-32 transmitter has two independent displays;

a large display for operating the transmitter and a smaller display just below the antenna socket for the graphic display of telemetry data. The telemetry display is activated automatically as soon as the transmitter receives telemetry data from the receiver via the return channel.

#01

0:00h

Stop watch Flight tim

K78

0:00.0

4.1V

0:00.0

0:00h

If however, at the lower edge of the base display, only "X" – as shown in the ﬁ gure above – is displayed at two locations instead of " " then the telemetry display will show the warning …

CAN‘T

RECEIVE

DATA

… which will be replaced shortly thereafter with the Graupner|SJ logo and the transmitter names …

mc32

… to indicate there is no receiver with a responding telemetry connection within range. Switch on the model's receiver system or bind a receiver to the active model memory as described in detail on page 77 and 85.

#01

0:00h

Stop watch Flight tim

K78

0:00

4.1V

0:00

0:00h

RX VOLT:4.8V

When a telemetry connection exists, the upper display will automatically present the "Receiver" screen …

RX–S QUA: 100% RX–S STR: 100%

TX–dBm: 33dBm

RX–dBm: 33dBm

RX–VOLT:4.8 TMP

L–PACK: 10ms

CH OUTPUT TYPE:ONCE

R-LOW V:4.6 +22°C

… which is described in more detail in a section by the same name on the next page.

Sensor Select

Up to four sensors can be connected, in any combination, to a telemetry-capable receiver. However, the data output by these sensors must be (as described on page 240) selected in the »SENSOR SELECT« sub-menu of the »Telemetry« menu …

SENSOR SELECT RECEIVER GENERAL MODULE

VARIO MODULE

ELECTRIC AIR.MOD

GPS

… in order to activate their display. This data from the selected sensors is then appropriately prepared for illustration by the graphic indicators as described below. Furthermore, only sensors activated in the »SETTING & DATAVIEW« sub-menu of the

»Telemetry« menu, beginning page 229, according to the instructions included with the given sensor will be responsive.

To switch between the screens for activated sensors in the »SENSOR SELECT« sub-menu of the »Telemetry« menu, tap brieﬂ y on one of the  selection keys of the left or right touch pad …

RX–S QUA: 100% RX–S ST : 100%

TX–dBm: 33dBm

RX–dBm: 33dBm

RX–SPG.:4.8 TMP

V–PACK: 10ms

CH OUTPUT TYPE:ONCE

GENERAL

ELECT. AIR

VARIO

GPS

RECEIVER

… and, after the selected screen has been displayed, use one of the  two keys to select the line of the desired sensor. If no sensor is activated, then all display lines and sensors described in the next column, except for the "RECEIVER" line, are blended out of the display and the selection list:

RX–S QUA: 100% RX–S ST : 100%

TX–dBm: 33dBm

RX–dBm: 33dBm

RX–SPG.:4.8 TMP

V–PACK: 10ms

CH OUTPUT TYPE:ONCE

GENERAL

ELECT. AIR

VARIO

GPS

RECEIVER

The selection can be conﬁ rmed right away by activating the center SET key of the right touch pad or by simply waiting until, after a brief pause, the main display of the given selected sensor appears automatically.

Note: The sequence of the below described displays is a consequence – starting from the given main display – of taps on the  key.

More details about the following named modules can be found in the appendix and in Internet at

Telemetry data display

Transmitter description - Telemetry data display

www.graupner.de in the web page for the given product.

RECEIVER

RX–S QUA: 100% RX–S STR: 100%

TX–dBm: 33dBm

RX–dBm: 33dBm

RX–VOLT:4.8 TMP

L–PACK: 10ms

CH OUTPUT TYPE:ONCE

R-LOW V:4.6 +22°C

This screen presents the »RX DATAVIEW« of the Telemetry menu's »SETTING & DATAVIEW« sub- menu, see page 229, with data processed and displayed graphically.

The displayed items are as follows:

Value Explanation

RX-S QUA signal quality in % RX-S ST signal strength in % RX-dBm Reception power in dBm TX-dBm transmit power in dBm V PACK Indicates the longest time span in ms

in which data packages are lost in the transmission from the transmitter to the receiver.

RX-VOLT current operating voltage of the

receiver's power supply in volts

M-RX V Lowest receiver operating voltage since

last startup, in volts

TMP the thermometer depicts the receiver's

current operating temperature

GENERAL MODULE

RX–S QUA: 100% RX–S ST : 100%

TX–dBm: 33dBm

RX–dBm: 33dBm

RX–SPG.:4.8 TMP

V–PACK: 10ms

CH OUTPUT TYPE:ONCE

RECEIVER

GENERAL

ELECT. AIR

VARIO

GPS

0.0V

BAT1

BAT2

0.0V T2 0°C

T1 0°C

E FUEL F

CELL.V 1:0.00 2:0.00 3:0.00 4:0.00 5:0.00 6:0.00

0.0V

BAT1

BAT2

0.0V T2 0°C

T1 0°C

E FUEL F

ALT

0m 0m1 0m3

0.0A

POWER

0.0V

If attached to the receiver, this screen will display the data acquired by a General-Engine module, order no. 33610, , or a General-Air module, order no. 33611. More details about these modules can be found in the appendix or in Internet at www.graupner.de in the web page for the given product.

Depending on how this module is equipped with sensors, this screen can permanently display the data shown in the table below.

The current voltage of up to two batteries (BAT1 and BAT2), the measurement results of up to two temperature sensors (T1 and T2) and a ﬁ ll level gage for the fuel tank.

An alternating display along the screen's right edge will display a list of current cell voltages for a LiPo battery with up to six cells or operational data (current

altitude with respect to the starting location, ascent/ decent m/1 s and m/3 s, current current being drawn in amperes and current voltage of the battery connected to the sensor).

The displayed items are as follows:

Value Explanation

BAT1 / BAT2

battery 1 or 2

FUEL fuel level / tank gage E / F empty / full T1 / T2 temperature of sensor 1 or 2 CELL V cell voltage of cells 1 … max. 6 ALT current altitude 0m1 m/1 s ascent/decent rate 0m3 m/3 s ascent/decent rate A current draw i amperes V battery voltage

Battery and load indicators

0.0V

0.0A 0mAh

0ml

This display depicts current voltage, current current draw and, if attached, the expended capacity of "Batt 1" connected to the General-Engine module (order no. 33610) or General-Air (order no. 33611) module as well as the fuel consumed in ml.

38 Transmitter description - Telemetry data display

SENSOR 1

0.0V 0°C

SENSOR 1

If attached, this display depicts currently measured voltage and temperature from a temperature/voltage sensor, order no. 33612 or 33613, connected to "T(EMP)1" of the General-Engine module (order no. 33610) or the General-Air module (order no. 33611).

SENSOR 2

0.0V 0°C

SENSOR 2

If attached, this display depicts currently measured voltage and temperature from a temperature/voltage sensor, order no. 33612 or 33613, connected to "T(EMP)2" of the General-Engine module (order no. 33610) or the General-Air module (order no.

33611).

Rotary speed sensor

U/min

If attached, this display depicts the measured rotary speed of a speed sensor (order no. 33615

or 33616) attached to a General-Engine module (order no. 33610) or a General-Air module (order no.

33611).

Note: The appropriate blade count must ﬁ rst be set in the module's telemetry menu before the correct speed can be displayed.

Vario

0.0

m m

If attached, this display will depict the altitude (in m) relative to location, starting location as well as the current rate of ascent/descent (in m/s) data originating from a Vario integrated into a GeneralEngine module (order no. 33610) or General-Air module (order no. 33611).

ELECTRIC AIR MODULE

RX–S QUA: 100% RX–S ST : 100%

TX–dBm: 33dBm

RX–dBm: 33dBm

RX–SPG.:4.8 TMP

V–PACK: 10ms

CH OUTPUT TYPE:ONCE

RECEIVER

GENERAL

ELECT. AIR

VARIO

GPS

0.0V 0m/3s

BAT1 0m/1s

BAT2

0.0V T2 0°C

T1 0°C

0 1L0.00 2L0.00 3L0.00 4L0.00 5L0.00 6L0.00

ALT 0m

7L0.00

0.0V 0A

0.0V 0m/3s

BAT1 0m/1s

BAT2

0.0V T2 0°C

T1 0°C

0 1H0.00 2H0.00 3H0.00 4H0.00 5H0.00 6H0.00

ALT 0m

7H0.00

0.0V 0A

If attached to the receiver, this display will depict the data acquired by an Electric-Air module, order no.

33620. More details about this module can be found in the appendix or in Internet at www.graupner.de in the web page for the given product.

Depending on how this module is equipped with sensors, this screen can permanently display the data shown in the adjacent table.

The current voltage of up to two batteries (BAT1 and BAT2), up to two temperature measurements (T1 and T2), current altitude with respect to the starting location, the model's ascent/decent rate in m/1 s and m/3 s and, in the middle of the screen, the current draw currently being taken from a power source.

Along the right edge of the screen is a table of alternating values for cell voltages at balancer connections (L) or voltages for up to 7 attached battery cell packs (H).

The displayed items are as follows:

Value Explanation

V current voltage A current current BAT1 /

BAT2

battery 1 or 2

ALT current altitude m/1 s m/1 s ascent/decent rate m/3 s m/3 s ascent/decent rate T1 / T2 temperature of sensor 1 or 2

Transmitter description - Telemetry data display

L or H cell voltage of cells 1 … max. 14

L = balancer connection 1 H = balancer connection 2

AKKU 1

0.0V

0.0A 0mAh

This display depicts current voltage, current current draw and, if attached, the expended capacity of "Batt 1" connected to the Electric-Air module (order no. 33620).

SENSOR 1

0.0V 0°C

SENSOR 1

If attached, this display depicts currently measured voltage and temperature from a temperature/voltage sensor (order no. 33612 or 33613) connected to "T(EMP)1" of the Electric-Air module (order no. 33620).

SENSOR 2

0.0V 0°C

SENSOR 2

If attached, this display depicts currently measured voltage and temperature from a temperature/voltage sensor (order no. 33612 or 33613) connected to "T(EMP)2" of the Electric-Air module (order no. 33620).

Vario

0.0

m m

VARIO

RX–S QUA: 100% RX–S ST : 100%

TX–dBm: 33dBm

RX–dBm: 33dBm

RX–SPG.:4.8 TMP

V–PACK: 10ms

CH OUTPUT TYPE:ONCE

RECEIVER

GENERAL

ELECT. AIR

VARIO

GPS

RXSQ 0

MAX 0m

MIN 0m

ALT 0

m/1s

0.0

m/3s

0.0

m/10s

0.0

If attached to the receiver, this display will depict the data acquired by a Vario module, order no. 33601.

The displayed items are as follows:

Value Explanation

ALT current altitude RXSQ Signal strength of the signal received

by the receiver in %, see page 230.

MAX the preset maximum altitude limit

relative to starting location at which, when exceeded, will cause an audible warning to be sounded

MIN the preset minimum altitude limit

relative to the starting location at which, when underrun, will cause an audible

warning to be sounded m/1 s m/1 s ascent/decent rate m/3 s m/3 s ascent/decent rate m/10 s m/10 s ascent/decent rate

Vario

0.0

m m

If attached, this display will depict altitude relative to location or starting location (in m) as well as the current rate of ascent/decent (in m/s) from data acquired by a Vario module (order no. 33601).

40 Transmitter description - Telemetry data display

GPS

RX–S QUA: 100% RX–S ST : 100%

TX–dBm: 33dBm

RX–dBm: 33dBm

RX–SPG.:4.8 TMP

V–PACK: 10ms

CH OUTPUT TYPE:ONCE

RECEIVER

GENERAL

ELECT. AIR

VARIO

GPS

RXSQ 0 DIS 0m ALT 0m

0.0m/1s 0m/3s

0m/10s

N 0°00.0000 O 0°00.0000

Kmh

If attached to the receiver, this display will depict the data from a GPS module with integrated Vario, Order No. 33600.

Aside from the model's current position and speed, the center section of this screen will also display current altitude with respect to the starting location as well as the model's current ascent/decent rate in m/1 s, m/3 s and m/10 s, current reception quality and the model's distance from its starting location.

The displayed items are as follows:

Value Explanation

W / N / O / S west / nor th / east / south Kmh speed RXSQ return channel signal strength DIS distance ALT current altitude with respect to starting m/1 s m/1 s ascent/decent rate m/3 s m/3 s ascent/decent rate m/10 s m/10 s ascent/decent rate

GPS

Kmh

km/h DIS

m m/s

ALT m

0 0

0.0 0

If attached to the receiver, this display will depict the data from a GPS module with integrated Vario, Order No. 33600.

The displayed items are as follows:

Value Explanation

km/h speed DIS horizontal distance in m m/s ascent/decent rate in m/s ALT altitude relative to starting location in m

Vario

0.0

m m

If attached, this display will depict the altitude (in m) relative to location, starting location as well as the current rate of ascent/descent (in m/s) from data originating from the Vario integrated into the GPS-/Vario module (order no. 33600).

For your notes

Commissioning the transmitter

Preliminary remarks

The Graupner HoTT system theoretically permits simultaneous operation of more than 200 models. However, because of the interspersed radiofrequency utilization permitted by certiﬁ cation for the

2.4 GHz ISM band, this number is signiﬁ cantly lower in practical application. Nevertheless, in general more models can be operated simultaneously in the

Battery charged?

Since the transmitter is delivered with an empty (not charged) battery, the battery must ﬁ rst be charged according to the charging instructions on page 16. Otherwise a warning tone will be sounded and an appropriate message will be blended into the basic display if the low voltage threshold set in the "Battery warning" line of the »General basic settings« menu (see page 260) is underrun.

Transmitter startup

After being switched on, the message shown below will appear in the transmitter's screen for about two seconds.

OFFON

Please select

RF on/off?

Within this brief period there is an opportunity to switch RF transmission off by using the  or  key of the right touch pad to shift the position of the ﬁ eld shown in inverse video to the right so that ON is in standard video and OFF is presented in inverse video.

Please select

RF on/off?

OFF

Now switch the RF module off by tapping on the center SET key of the right touch pad.

The telemetry display just below the antenna socket will then brieﬂ y show the message …

CAN‘T

RECEIVE

DATA

… and in parallel to this, the transmitter's basic display will appear similar to that shown below:

#01

0:00h

Stop watch Flight tim

K78

0:00.0

4.1V

0:00.0

00:00h

The symbol combination means that the currently active model memory has already "bonded " with a

Batt. must be recharged!!

Commissioning the transmitter

Preliminary remarks about the mc-32 HoTT transmitter

Graupner-HoTT receiver but there is no connection to that receiver at the moment. (In this example, RF transmission has been switched off.)

If, however, the transmitter is switched on without switching RF transmission off, the symbolic antenna mast will blink. At the same time, an acoustic warning will sound until a connection is established with the respective receiver. As soon as the connection is established, the "X" at the base of the symbolic antenna will be replace with a ﬁ eld strength indicator, for example , and the visual and acoustic warnings will cease.

If a telemetry connection has also been established for the incoming signal, that is output by the receiver in the model, then the right side of this same screen line will display a similar indication of signal strength for this reception of the receiver's transmitted signal (M ) as well as the current voltage of the receiver's power supply.

On the other hand, if the symbol combination  appears in in the display and the front display shows the message "Can't receive data" then the currently active model memory is not "bound" to any receiver at the moment.

Under-voltage warning

If the transmitter's voltage drops below a certain value set in the »General basic settings« menu (page 260), 4.7 V by default, there will be visual and acoustic under-voltage warnings issued.

Important notices:

The transmitter in the set is already preset, • as delivered, with default values which are correct for operation in most European countries (except France).

If the remote control system is to be operated in France then the transmitter's "Region" setting MUST be changed over to "FRANCE" mode, see page 261. IN NO CASE may the

Commissioning the transmitter

Universal/EUROPE mode be used IN FRANCE.

As many as 16 servos can be attached to the • standard receiver included with the mc-32

HoTT 2.4 Set. The speciﬁ c receiver included in the set has already been bound to the set's transmitter at the factory.

In order to achieve the greatest possible ﬂ exibility but still preclude unnecessary inadvertent operator errors, control channels 5 … 16 have not been assigned to any controls. This means that servos connected by way of these channels will remain in their middle positions until an operator element has been assigned. Practically all mixers are initially inactive for this same reason. More about this can be found on page 108 (winged aircraft) or 112 (helicopter models). The fundamental procedure for initial • programming of a new model memory location can be found on page ?? and the programming examples that begin on page 268. When the remote control system is switched • on, being bonded or when making settings, that the transmitter's antenna is always far enough away from the receiver's antennas. If the transmitter's antenna is brought too close to the receiver's antennas this will cause receiver over-modulation and its red LED will illuminate. At the same time the return channel will drop out and, as a consequence, the ﬁ eld strength indicator in the transmitter's screen will be replaced by an "x" and the receiver's current battery voltage display will show 0.0 V. The remote control is then in Fail-Save mode, see page 208, i.e. servos will remain in their current positions until a new, valid signal can be received. In such a case, increase the distance (between the transmitter and the model containing the receiver) until the indicators are again "normal".

Transmitter ﬁ rmware updates are carried out either as described under "FIRMWARE UPDATE / Change display language" in the section »Secret mode« on page 33 or as described below with the help of a PC running a Windows XP, Vista or 7 operating system. This second method connects the transmitter to the PC via its 5-pole mini-USB interface connector, located behind the transmitter's left front cover – as viewed from the front – and, if this method is chosen, it is done at one's own risk.

Current software and information is available in Internet at www.graupner.de under the Download link for the given product.

Note: You will automatically be notiﬁ ed of new updates per email after registering your transmitter at https://www.graupner.de/de/ser vice/produktregistrierung.

The aforementioned "given product page" is most easily reached by entering "www.graupner.de" into your Internet browser's address line then pressing the ENTER key on your PC or laptop keyboard.

On the so-called "homepage" for Graupner, click on one of the "ﬂ ags" to switch the website to a language of your choice, e.g. the British ﬂ ag for English. Afterwards locate the entry ﬁ eld with the title "Search".

Place the cursor in this ﬁ eld with a mouse click then enter a search keyword, e.g. the article number printed on the type plate located on the rear side of the transmitter.

Another press of the ENTER key on the PC or laptop will open the sought page:

Transmitter ﬁ rmware updates

Commissioning the transmitter

Now use your Internet browser's vertical scroll bar to move down the page a bit until the tabs "Characteristics", "Spare parts" "Accessories" and "Downloads" appear. Because the "Downloads" tab is still missing on the

mc-32 HoTT transmitter's page at

the time of this manual's printing:

Now search here for the necessary ﬁ le/s and start the download with a double-click on the "Download" control button beneath the selected ﬁ le.

Store the ﬁ le on your computer in a directory of your choice.

Updating

mc-32 HoTT software

The USB interface cable, order no. 7168.6 (included with the set), will be needed to update the transmitter's software via the transmitter's face-side USB interface connector. This cable's connector is to be directly plugged into the 5-pole mini-USB connector socket on the rear side of the transmitter.

Note: Be sure to check the charge status of your transmitter's battery or charge its battery as a precaution before every update. Also backup all occupied model memories so they can be restored if that should become necessary.

Installing drivers1.

Install the required driver software, included in the "USB Drivers" folder of the program packet, onto your PC or laptop so your computer can handle the transmitter's integrated USB interface.

Start driver installation with a double-click on the respective ﬁ le and follow the on-screen instructions. Once this software has been successfully installed, the computer must be restarted. Drivers only need to be installed once.

Installing the software up-loader2.

Unpack the ﬁ le "Firmware_Upgrade_grStudio_ Ver-XX.zip" in a suitable directory then execute the "Firmware_Upgrade_grStudio_Ver-XX.exe" program ﬁ le with a double-click on its ﬁ lename. Follow the instructions provided by the installation wizard.

Establishing a transmitter-to-PC connection3.

With the transmitter switched off, connect the USB cable by way of its 5-pole mini-USB socket to

the rear side of the transmitter.

Updating 4. mc-32 HoTT transmitter software

Start the "Firmware_Upgrade_grStudio_Ver-X.X" program from the directory where it is located.

Use the selection sequence "Menu", "Port Setup" or open the "Controller Menu" and click on "Port select".

Now in the "Port select" window, select the COM port connected to the USB interface. The correct port can be recognized by its designation "Silicon Labs CP210x USB to UART Bridge" in the "Device Name" column. In the above example this would

Commissioning the transmitter

be the "COM 3" port. Now call up menu option "Firmware Upgrade"

from "Menu" or open the "Controller Menu" and click on "Firmware Upgrade".

Click on the button labeled "File Browse" and select the desired ﬁ rmware update ﬁ le with a ".bin" ﬁ lename extension from the "Open ﬁ le" window.

Firmware ﬁ les are product-speciﬁ cally coded, i.e. if you should accidentally select a ﬁ le which does not correspond to the product (e.g. receiver update ﬁ le instead of a transmitter update ﬁ le), the "Product code error" popup window will appear and the block the update process from starting.

Now switch on the transmitter then start the transmitter update by clicking on the "Download Start" button.

After a brief period a warning will appear stating that the transmitter's RF transmission will now be interrupted and that, because of this, any receiver system currently in operation should be switched off. Switch off your receiver system if it is switched on then click on "Yes".

This will start the actual update process. A progress bar will begin to operate above a sequence of running text lines.

Do not terminate the update process before the progress bar has reached its right end and the "Firmware Download Success" message appears.

Click on "OK". Subsequently switch off the transmitter and disconnect the USB cable between the transmitter and the PC or Laptop.

If the progress bar hangs up without showing any further progress, close the program and repeat the update process. Be sure to watch for any error messages that may appear.

Receiver initialization

Preliminary remarks about the GR-32 DUAL receiver

Receiver system

The

mc-32 HoTT remote control set includes a type

GR-32 DUAL, 2.4 GHz bidirectional receiver for connecting up to 16 servos.

After switching on this HoTT receiver, should "its" transmitter not be within range or switched off, then the receiver's red LED will illuminate continuously for about 1 s then begin to blink slowly. This indicates the receiver has not (yet) established a link to a Graupner HoTT transmitter. If a link has been established, the green LED will illuminate continuously and the red LED will extinguish.

In order to establish a link to the transmitter, the Graupner HoTT receiver must ﬁ rst be "bound" to "its" particular model memory in "its" Graupner HoTT transmitter. This procedure is known as "binding". This "binding" linkage is only necessary once for each receiver/model memory combination. Refer to pages 77 or 85. The "binding" procedure has been done at the factory for model memory 1 of the units delivered together as a set so this "binding" procedure will only be necessary to link additional receivers or if a memory location change becomes necessary (and – e.g. after a change of transmitter – can be repeated anytime).

On-board voltage display

The current voltage of the receiver's power supply will be shown in the right side of the transmitter's screen if a telemetry link exists between the receiver and transmitter.

Temperature warning

Should the receiver's temperature sink below an adjustable threshold (default value -10 °C) or rise above an adjustable threshold (default value +55 °C) , an acoustic warning will be issued by the transmitter in the form of a uniform beep of about 1 s duration. The aforementioned threshold limits are stored and adjusted in the receiver.

Servo connections and polarity

Graupner HoTT receiver servo connections are numbered. The connectors used are keyed against polarity reversal. Pay attention to the small side chamfers when plugging in these connectors. Never use force.

The four outer, vertical connectors, designated with "B + -" are intended for battery connections.

Do not reverse the polarity of this connection. Reversed polarity could destroy the receiver and devices attached to it.

The supply voltage is bussed across (i.e. common for) all numbered connections. The function of every individual channel is determined by the transmitter used, not by the receiver. It is not only the throttle servo connection which is different for every manufacturer and model type. For example, in Graupner remote control systems the throttle servo is on channel 1 for winged aircraft and on channel 6 for helicopter models.

Concluding notices:

The signiﬁ cantly greater servo resolution • characteristic of the HoTT system produces a noticeably ﬁ rmer response behavior in comparison to previous technology. Please take the time to familiarize yourself with this sensitive behavior.

If you have a speed controller with integrated • BEC* arranged in parallel with the receiver battery, its positive pole (red cable) may to be removed from the 3-pole connector. Be sure to look for notices about this in the instructions for the speed controller used.

With a small screwdriver, carefully lift up the the connector's center latch (1) just a bit then pull out the red lead (2) and tape it up with insulation tape to prevent possible short circuits (3).

Follow the installation instructions on page 52 for the receiver, the receiver antenna and for mounting the servo.

Reset

To execute a reset of the receiver, press and hold the

SET button on the receiver's top-side while switching

the power supply on. If a receiver reset is done while the transmitter is

switched off or on a receiver which is not bound, the receiver's LED will slowly blink red for about 2 or 3 seconds. Now release the button again. The binding process can now be initiated right away on the transmitter-side.

If reset is done on a bound receiver and the corresponding model memory is active in the powered on transmitter, the LED will illuminate in green after 2 or 3 seconds as an indication that the transmitter/receiver system is again ready for operation. Now release the button again.

Please note the following: A receiver RESET will cause ALL receiver

settings, except for binding information, to return to their factory settings.

Therefore if a RESET is triggered unintentionally, any custom settings that had been present in the receiver before the reset will have to be established again by way of the Telemetry menu.

A deliberate RESET is recommended, especially if a receiver is to be "transferred" into another model. This is a rather simple method to eliminate settings which are no longer applicable.

* Battery Elimination Circuit

rot

Receiver initialization

Receiver power supply

Among other aspects, the safe operation of a model depends on a reliable power supply. In the event that, despite smooth operating rods, fully charged battery, battery leads with adequate cross-section, minimum contact resistances at connectors, etc., the transmitter indicates repeated receiver voltage collapses or is receiver voltage is generally too low; please give attention to the following notices.

Give primary attention to fully charged batteries when model operation is to be started. Be sure that the contact surfaces of connectors and switches really are low resistance. If necessary, measure the voltage drop across installed switch cables when they are under load because even new heavy-duty switches can cause a voltage drop of up to 0.2 V. This value can increase in contacts by factors as a consequence of aging and oxidation. The constant vibrations and jarring also takes its toll on contacts to produce a creeping increase of contact resistance.

Servos present another possible problem source. Even rather small servos like a Graupner/JR DS-281 can draw up to 0.75 A of current when it is blocks under load. Just four of these servos in a "foam" model can therefore load down the on-board power supply by as much as 3 A …

Therefore you should choose a power supply which will not break down under greater loads but rather always deliver sufﬁ cient voltage. To "calculate" necessary battery capacity you should always ﬁ gure on at least 350 mAh for every analog servo and at least 500 mAh for every digital servo.

For example, from this point of view a battery with 1400 mAh would be the absolute minimum to power a receiver system with a total of 4 analog servos. But be sure to also consider the receiver itself into the calculation because its bidirectional functionality will draw about 70 mA of current too.

In any case, it is recommended that several of the six

available connections designated "- +/B" be used for the supply of power. (These connections are ONLY intended for battery connections.)

Connect the power supply preferably by way of the socket/s which are close to connectors of attached servos. Where only high-power servos are connected, it may be necessary to use all receiver battery connections to connect as many as three PRX receiver power supplies (depending on battery power). Even where only two batteries are used via 1 PRX it is preferable to use the receiver connections closest to the servos which draw the most current. The ﬁ gure below shows an example of a stabilized receiver power supply (PRX-5A, order no. 4136) for the connection of two batteries. As an alternative solution, a switch could be inserted with power supply cables to two receiver connectors. Such a double connection not only reduces the risks associated with a cable break but also ensures a more uniform supply of power to attached servos.

If a separate battery is connected to each receiver battery connection, be absolutely sure the batteries have the same voltage and power rating. Never connect different battery types or batteries charged to signiﬁ cantly different levels to the receiver. This can lead to effects similar to short circuit conditions. In such cases, insert voltage stabilizers, such as the PRX-5A receiver power supply, between the batteries and the receiver.

PRX receiver power supply, stabilized Order No. 4136

For reasons of safety, do not use battery boxes or dry cell batteries. The voltage of the on-board power supply will be displayed at the bottom right of the transmitter's screen while the model is in operation.

#01

0:00h

Stop watch Flight tim

K78

0:00.0

4.1V

0:00.0

0:00h

RX VOLT:4.8V

If the adjustable warning threshold (default value

3.60 V) set in the Telemetry menu, see page 260, is underrun, a visual and an acoustic under-voltage warning will be issued.

Despite this feature, be sure to check the condition of the battery at regular intervals. Do not wait for the warning to be issued before recharging the battery.

Note: An overview of available batteries, chargers and current source test instruments can be found in the Graupner RC main catalog or in Internet at www.graupner.de. A selection of suitable Compter chargers are listed in the table on page 17.

Receiver power supply

Receiver initialization

Charging the receiver battery

Charger cable, order no. 3021, can be plugged directly onto the receiver's battery for charging. If the battery in the model is connected by way of an order no. 3046, 3934, 3934.1 or 3934.3 power supply cable, then charging can be accomplished via the charging jack or special charging connector integrated into the switch. The switch in the power supply cable must be in its "OFF" position for charging.

Receiver battery

connection polarity

Receiver system power supply

NiMH 4-cell battery packs

In compliance with the aforementioned conditions, your Graupner HoTT receiver system can be readily operated with traditional 4-cell battery packs as long as the packs have adequate capacity and voltage level.

NiMH 5-cell battery packs

Five-cell battery packs offer a greater voltage tolerance than do 4-cell packs.

However, be aware that not every servo available on the market is able to tolerate the voltage level output by a 5-cell pack over the long term, this is particularly true when the battery pack is freshly charged. Some of these servos react to this with a noticeable "grinding" sound.

Therefore pay attention to the speciﬁ cations of the servos you use before making a choice for a 5-cell battery pack..

LiFe 6.6 V batteries with 2 cells

From a contemporary perspective, these new cells are the very best choice.

LiFe cells are also available in hard plastic casings to protect them from mechanical damage. Like LiPo cells, LiFe cells can be quick charged in suitable chargers and they are comparatively robust.

This type of secondary cell battery is also rated for a signiﬁ cantly greater number of charge/discharge cycles than, for example, LiPo batteries The nominal

6.6 V output of a 2-cell LiFe battery pack does not present a problem for either Graupner HoTT receivers nor for those servos, speed controllers, gyros and other devices which have been speciﬁ cally approved for operation in this – higher – voltage range.

Please note however that practically all servos, speed controllers, gyros and other devices built in the past and most such devices currently still offered on the market have only a permissible voltage range of 4.8 to 6 V. Use of these batteries

in conjunction with these devices demand use of

a stabilized voltage regulator, e.g. the PRX, Order No. 4136, see appendix. Otherwise there is danger that attached devices will incur damage within a short period of time.

LiPo 2-cell packs

For a given capacity, LiPo batteries are lighter than, for example, NiMH batteries. LiPo batteries are also available in hard plastic casings to protect them from mechanical damage.

The comparatively high nominal voltage, 7.4 V, for a 2-cell LiPo pack does not present a problem for either Graupner HoTT receivers nor for those servos, speed controllers, gyros and other devices which have been speciﬁ cally approved for operation in this – higher – voltage range. Please note however

that practically all servos, speed controllers, gyros and other devices built in the past and most such devices currently still offered on the market have only a permissible voltage range of 4.8 to 6 V. Use of these batteries in conjunction

with these devices demand use of a stabilized voltage regulator, e.g. the PRX, Order No. 4136, see appendix. Otherwise there is danger that attached devices will incur damage within a short period of time.

Receiver initialization

General charging notices

The charging instructions for the charger as well • as for the battery from its manufacturer to be observed.

Pay attention to the maximum permissible • charging current speciﬁ ed by the battery's manufacturer. In order to prevent damage to the transmitter, charging current should never exceed 1 A. If necessary, limit the current at the charger.

If the transmitter battery is nevertheless to be • charged at a current rate in excess of 1 A, then it is imperative that this is done outside the transmitter. Otherwise there is a risk of damage to the transmitter's board due to overloading its printed circuit paths and/or overheating of the battery.

If an automatic charger is to be used for charging, • perform several test charging procedures to ensure the ﬂ awless functionality of its automatic shut-off. This applies particularly if you want to charge the standard installed NiMH battery with an automatic charger unit intended for NiCd batteries Monitor the charger's shut-off behavior if it has that option.

Do not execute a battery discharge or battery • maintenance program through the charger jack. The charger jack is not suitable for this purpose.

Alway connect the charger cable to the charger • ﬁ rst and then to the receiver or transmitter battery. This avoids the possibility of shorting the bare banana plug ends together.

If the battery heats up signiﬁ cantly, check the • battery's condition, replace the battery or reduce the charging current.

Never leave a charging battery unattended.• Follow the safety notices and handling •

instructions provided on page 7.

Receiver initialization

Receiver ﬁ rmware updates are made by way of the connector located on the side of the receiver and the help of a PC running under Windows XP, Vista or Windows 7. The optional USB interface cable needed for this is order no.7168.6 along with adapter cable, order no.7168.6A. The programs and ﬁ les also needed can be found in Internet on the Graupner website at www.graupner.de under the downloads for the particular product.

Note: After registering your receiver at https://www.graupner.de/de/ser vice/produktregistrierung, you will automatically receive notiﬁ cation of future updates per email.

Updating receiver ﬁ rmware

Note: Before any update procedure, be sure to check the charged status of the receiver's battery. If necessary, charge the battery before beginning with an update.

Installing drivers1.

If not already done, install the required driver software for the USB interface, order no. 7168.6, as described on page 43.

Establishing a receiver / PC connection2.

Connect the USB interface cable, order no.

7168.6, via the adapter cable, order no. 7168.6A, with the "- + T" connector on the receiver. These connectors are protected against polarity reversal so pay attention to the small chamfers on the sides of connectors. Do not use brute force, these connectors should latch in rather easily.

Adaptor cable Order No. 7168.6A

if available: disconnect the central, red braid

Receiver ﬁ rmware updates

Caution: If the adapter cable is still has wires for all three poles, cut the red insulated wire for the middle connector pin of the adapter cable, Order No. 7168.6A.

Afterward, connect the USB interface with the included USB cable to the PC or laptop (PC USB/ mini-USB interface connector). A red LED on the interface board should illuminate for a few seconds even though the connection is made correctly.

If not already off, now switch the receiver off.

Firmware update utility program3.

On the PC, start the "Graupner_Firmware_Update_ Utility_VerX.XX.exe" program with a double-click. This program is located among the ﬁ les in the "Firmware-Updater" folder. (At the time of printing for this manual, this program's current version is 1.18 and it can be started without ﬁ rst being installed.)

In the "COM Port Setup" group box, select the COM port to which the USB interface is connected. If you are not sure whic h selection is correct, press the "Search" control, choose the connection labeled "Silicon Labs CP210x USB to UART Bridge" from

the popup window and then activate "OK". The "Baud Rate" setting should be "19200".

Afterwards, click on the "Signal 2:Vcc3:Gnd" radio button in the "Interface Type" group box.

Now click on the control labeled "Browse" that is located at the top right corner of the window. From the "Open ﬁ le" window which appears, select the appropriate ﬁ rmware update ﬁ le for your receiver. Such ﬁ les always have the ".bin" ﬁ lename extension. Typically this ﬁ le can be found in the folder whose name is preﬁ xed with the order number of the receiver to be updated. This folder should contain the ZIP ﬁ le that was downloaded and unpacked. Its ﬁ lename should also be preﬁ xed with the order number of the receiver to be updated. For the standard GR-32 DUAL receiver included in this set, the directory would be designated "33516_16CH_ RX". The ﬁ lename will appear in the corresponding window.

Firmware ﬁ les are product-speciﬁ cally coded, i.e. if a wrong ﬁ le is accidentally selected which does

Receiver initialization

not correspond to the product (e.g. a transmitter update ﬁ le instead of a receiver update ﬁ le), the "Product code error" popup window will appear and the update process will not start.

Activate the control labeled "Program". Wait for the progress bar to start. Depending on the speed of the computer being used, this may take several seconds. Now switch on the receiver while holding its SET button down. After a few seconds the "Found target device …" message will appear in the status display. Now you can release the receiver's button. The actual ﬁ rmware update will begin autonomously after this message has appeared.

However, if the receiver is not detected, the "Target device ID not found" popup window will appear.

If this process terminates before reaching the 100 % mark, switch off your receiver's power supply then try to start the update process all over again. Do this by performing the above steps again.

The status display and progress bar will show you the progress of the ﬁ rmware update. The update is concluded when the text "Complete … 100 %“ or "Complete!!" appears in the bottom line of the status display.

Both LEDs on the receiver will illuminate during the update process. Upon successful conclusion of the update process, the green LED will extinguish and the red LED will begin to blink.

Switch the receiver off and remove the interface cable. Repeat this procedure for any other receivers present.

Receiver initialization4.

Following a successful update process you MUST perform a receiver initialization procedure before using the receiver again. This is necessary for reasons of safety.

Do this by pressing and holding the receiver's SET button then switching the receiver's power supply on. Now release the SET button again. When you subsequently switch the receiver on again, the receiver's green LED will illuminate continuously for about 2 or 3 seconds. Except for binding information, all other settings that may have been programmed into the receiver will now be reset to factory defaults and will have to be re-entered again if they are needed.

Installation notices

In order to prevent uncontrolled movements of servos connected to the receiver during startup

always ﬁ rst switch on the transmitter

and then the receiver

and when ﬁ nished with operation

ﬁ rst switch off the receiver

and then the transmitter.

When programming the transmitter, be sure that electric motors cannot start running without control or that a combustion motor equipped with automatic starting cannot start up unintentionally. To be safe, disconnect the receiver's drive battery or, in the case of a combustion motor, disconnect the fuel supply.

Several notices and suggestions for installing remote control components into a model are provided below.

Wrap the receiver in a foam rubber pad that is at 1. least 6 mm thick. Attach the foam rubber to the receiver with rubber bands so it will be protected against vibration and/or the jars of a hard landing.

All switches must be installed such that they are 2. not affected by exhaust gases or vibration. The switch knob must be freely accessible over its entire range of movement.

Mount servos on rubber bushes/spacers with 3. hollow brass bearings to protect them from vibration. Do not tighten the fastening screws down too tight as this would negate the vibration protection to be provided by the rubber bush/ spacer. Only when servo fastening screws are properly tightened will this arrangement provide security and vibration protection for your servos. The ﬁ gure below shows how a servo is mounted properly. The brass bearings are to be pushed into the rubber bushes/spacers from below.

Servo mounting lug

Retaining screw

Rubber grommet

Tubular brass spacer

Servo arms must be free to move throughout their 4. entire range of motion. Pay attention that there are no objects which could hinder servo arm motion.

The sequence in which servos are connected to the receiver depends on the type of model. Follow the connection layouts provided for this on pages 61 and 65.

Also observe the safety notices provided on pages 4 … 9.

Installation notices

Receiver installation

Regardless of which Graupner receiver system you use, the procedure is always the same.

Please pay attention that the receiver's antennas must be mounted at least 5 cm away from all large metal parts or any wiring that is not directly routed out of the receiver itself. In addition to steel parts, this also includes carbon ﬁ ber parts, servos, fuel pumps and all kinds of cables etc. Optimally the receiver should be placed at a readily accessible location that is well away from all other equipment. Under no circumstances may servo cables be wrapped around the antennas or routed close to it.

Please note that cables are subject to the acceleration forces which occur during ﬂ ight and these forces may cause such cables, to shift in position. Therefore be sure the cables in the vicinity of the antennas are not able to move. Such moving cables can cause reception disturbances.

Tests have shown that vertical (upright) antennas provide the best results during wide-range ﬂ ights. In the case of diversity antennas (two antennas), the second antenna should be oriented at a 90° angle to the ﬁ rst antenna.

The connectors designated "B + -" on the GR32 DUAL HoTT receiver are intended for battery connections. The power supply is bussed across all numbered connections so it can be attached at any of these 16 connectors. However, due to additional voltage losses associated with the traverse connectors, connections 13 through 16 should not be used for connecting the receiver's battery.

The function of every individual channel is determined by the transmitter used, not by the receiver. However, channel assignments can be changed in the receiver by programming done in the »Telemetry« menu. Nevertheless, it is recommended this be done on the transmitter side via the "Transmitter output" option, see page 218.

For your notes

Term deﬁ nitions

Control function, control, function input, control channel, mixer, switch, control switch, ﬁ xed switch

To make use of this mc-32 HoTT manual easier, a number of the terms used repeatedly throughout this manual have been deﬁ ned below.

Control function

A "control function" is to be perceived – initially independent of its signal path – as a signal intended to affect a given control function. For example, this could be for throttle, rudder or aileron in a winged aircraft or pitch, roll or crow for a helicopter.

A control function signal can be applied directly over a single control channel or also through a mixer and then applied over multiple control channels. A typical example of multiple control channels is separately operated aileron servos or the use of two roll or crow servos in helicopters. The control function explicitly includes the inﬂ uence of the control's mechanical travel on the respective servo. This can not only be spread or compressed by software but even the travel characteristic can be modiﬁ ed from linear to extremely exponential.

Control

"Controls" include all operating elements on the transmitter, which are directly activated by the pilot, that impose an effect on servos, speed controllers etc. connected to the receiver. This includes:

both • joysticks for control functions 1 through 4, whereby these four functions can be freely swapped around for both model types ("winged aircraft" and "helicopters") by way of software "Mode" settings, e.g. throttle left or right. The joystick function for throttle/airbrake control is often also referred to as the C1 control (channel 1).

both proportional controls located on the • transmitter's sides, which are, for example, given the designations SD1 (right-side "rotary slider") and SD2 (left-side "rotary slider") in the »Control adjust« menu, page 108 and 112.

the three • proportional sliders in the middle console designated SR1 … 3, for example as shown in the »Control adjust« menu, page 108 and 112,

all ﬁ ve • proportional rotary controls on the transmitter's front side, which are, for example, given the designations DR1 … 5 in the »Control adjust« menu, page 108 and 112,

the switches present, if they are assigned to a • control channel in the »Control adjust« menu.

The proportional operating elements produce a direct effect on servos which is commensurate with the control's position whereas switch modules can only effect a two or three increment change.

Just which of these controls and switches operate which of the servos 5 … 16 (max.) is freely programmable.

Important notice: Inputs 5 … 15 for helicopters and 5 … 16 for winged aircraft are generally "free", i.e. not assigned, in the transmitter's basic programming.

Function input

This is an imaginary point in the signal path and must not be considered the same as the point on the circuit board where the transmitter control is connected. The choice of "Stick mode" and settings in the »Control adjust« menu have their effect "downstream" of these imaginary connection points. Thus differences between the physical control's number and the number of the downstream control channel can indeed emerge.

Control channel

From the point at which a signal contains all control information necessary for a particular servo – whether directly from the physical control or indirectly by way of a mixer – the term "control channel" is used. This signal is only yet to be inﬂ uenced by settings made in the menus »Servo adjustment« and »Transmitter output« before it leaves the transmitter's RF module.

Once it arrives at the receiver, this signal may still be modiﬁ ed by settings made in the telemetry menu before ﬁ nally being applied as a control quantity for the respective servo.

Mixer

The transmitter's software contains a variety of mixer functions. These can be used to apply one control function to multiple servos or, conversely, to apply multiple control functions to a single servo. Please look over the numerous mixer functions in the text beginning on page 159 of this manual.

Switches

The four standard toggle switches, the two 3-way switches and both push-button switches can also be incorporated into control programming. However, these switches are generally intended for switching program options, e.g. to start and stop timers, to switch mixers on and off, or as a teacher/pupil switchover, etc. Each of these switches can be assigned any number of functions.

Appropriate examples are detailed in the manual.

Control switches

Since it is very practical to have some functions automatically switched on or off for a certain control's position (e.g. switch on/off of a stopwatch for acquisition of model run time, automatic extension of spoilers and other possibilities), eight control switches have been integrated into

mc-32 HoTT software.

These software switches, designated "C1 … C8", are merely deﬁ ned by virtue of their contact state along the physical control's course of travel by the touch of a key. The switching action can be correlated to the physical control's travel direction by software.

Of course control switches can also be freely combined with the aforementioned physical switches to solve even more complex problems.

There is a series of instructive examples which make

Term deﬁ nitions

this programming child's play. Learn about this by taking advantage of the programming examples beginning on page 268.

Logical switches

These functions permit two switches, control switches and/or logical switches or any combination of these to be combined with one another to create logical "AND" and "OR" functionality. A total of 8 logical switches, "L1 … L8" can be programmed, see page 138.

Fixed switches FXI and FX

This type of switch turns a function, e.g. a timer, permanently on (closed ﬁ xed switch) or off (open ﬁ xed switch) or they can provide a ﬁ xed input signal for a control function, e.g. FXI = + 100 % and FX = -100 %. For example, in ﬂ ight phase programming, these ﬁ xed switches can be used to switch a servo or speed controller between two settings.

Physical control, switch and control switch assignments

Principle procedure

Maximum ﬂ exibility is offered by the mc-32 Hott system when it comes to assigning standard equipment operating elements to certain functions.

Since the assignment of controls and switches is done in the same way, even though different menus may be involved, it is appropriate at this point to explain the fundamental programming technique so that users can concentrate on the particular contents when reading the detailed menu descriptions.

Physical control and switch assignments

The third column of the »Control adjust« menu can be used to assign transmitter inputs 5 … 16 to operate servos, both in any given joystick direction (C1 … C4) as well as to assign any present control or switch. After tapping on the center

SET key of the

right touch pad, the window shown below will appear in the display.

Move desired

control adj.

Now simply move the desired control or switch.

Notes: The control will only be recognized beyond a certain amount of travel. Therefore these controls can be moved back and forth until the correct assignment is shown in the display. If adjustment travel is insufﬁ cient, activate the control in the other direction.

On the other hand, if the »Control switch« menu, page 135, is used to assign a control, the message shown below will appear:

Move desired

control adj.

Important notice: Controls to be assigned MUST be pre-assigned in the »Control adjust« menu to one of the inputs 5 through 16!

Switch assignment

Wherever programming permits a switch to be assigned, a switch symbol will appear in the screen's bottom display line.

Use the selection keys in the left or right touch pad to select the appropriate column.

How to assign a switch

Brieﬂ y touch the 1. SET key of the right touch pad. The message shown below will appear in the screen.

Move desired switch to ON position (ext. switch: ENTER)

Now it is only necessary to put the selected switch 2. into the desired "ON" position or, as described at the right in "Assignment of external switches", to select a switch from the list of "External switches". This concludes the assignment. The switch symbol to the right of the switch's number indicates the current state of the particular switch.

Changing switch action

If the activation of a switch is to result in the opposite action, put the switch or joystick in the desired OFF position, again activate the switch assignment and reassign the switch again so it will respond with the desired action.

Clear switch

A switch which has been assigned as described under point 1 can be cleared with a brief simultaneous tap on the  or  key combination in the right key pad (CLEAR).

Assignment from the "external switch" list

Those menus in which the message …

Move desired switch to ON position (ext. switch: ENTER)

… appears permit the assignment of switches belonging to the so-called "external switches".

Do this by conﬁ rming the message text with the

SET key. A new window will appear with a list of the

eight control switches "C1 … C8", followed by two so-called "FX" ﬁ xed switches and the eight inverted switches "L1 … L8".

M wünschten Schalter to die EIN Position (erw. Schalter: SET)

Control/Logic/fix switch

C2 C4 C5 C6

FX FXi L1 L2

C3C1

Use the selection keys in the left or right key pad to select the desired switch then assign it with a brief tap on the center SET key of the right touch pad.

Notes:

Switching for some special functions may • be better implemented from a certain freely programmable control position rather than switching them manually with a normal switch.

To this end, there are a total of 8 so-called "control switches", C1 … C8, available whose switching direction can be established, even inverted, in the »Control switch« menu, page 135.

Two switches and/or also control switches can be • combined with one another to form the logical "AND" or "OR" functions via the »Logical switch« menu, see page 138. A total of 8 logical switches "L1 … L8" (as well as another 8 inverted logical switches with inverted switching direction) are available.

The result of a logical switch function can also be used as an input for another logical switch function. Refer to the appropriate menu for more details about this.

Physical control, switch and control switch assignments

The two FX switches switch a function on "FXI" or • off "FX

" permanently.

All other switches mentioned can have multiple • assignments. Pay attention that you do not UNINTENTIONALLY assign reciprocally conﬂ icting functions to a single switch. If necessary, note down the given switch functions.

Typical applications:

Shut-off of an on-board glow plug heater upon • underrun or overrun of an idle threshold point programmed for the C1 joystick. In this case the glow plug heater switch is controlled by a transmitter mixer.

Automatic switch on/off of the timer to measure • pure "ﬂ ight time" for a helicopter by way of a control switch on the throttle limiter.

Automatic switch off of the "AI •  Rud" when brake ﬂ aps are extended, for example to adapt the roll of a model to the ground when making a landing on a slope without inducing a change of ﬂ ight direction due to inﬂ uence on the rudder.

Extending landing ﬂ aps with elevator trim adjustment • during a landing as soon as the throttle stick is moved beyond its switch point.

Switch on/off of the timer for measuring the • operating time of electric motors.

Digital trimming

Functional description and description of C1 cut-off

Digital trim with visible and audible indicators

Both joysticks are equipped for digital trimming. By default, turning trim wheels will offset the joystick's neutral position by 4 increments (out of a possible 100 steps per side). This offset is also reported acoustically. A brief press on the trim wheel will reset an existing trim offset back to "0". Any other "zero points" can be speciﬁ ed with the help of the »Trim memory« menu. If ﬂ ight phases have been created and each assigned with a ﬁ tting name in the »Phase settings« and »Phase assignment« menus, then these names will appear at the bottom left in the »Trim memory« menu and their trim values will be stored on a ﬂ ight-phase speciﬁ c basis.

The default 4-steps per click increment range placed in every new model memory upon initialization can be changed at any time in the »Stick mode« menu, page 104 or 106, separately for each joystick plane, in a range of 1 … 10 for ﬁ xed-wing models and in a range of 0 … 10 for helicopter models. (A trim function can be deactivated by selecting "0" steps, which can be advantageous in helicopters with certain gyro systems.)

Current trim values are automatically stored when a model memory change is made. Furthermore, – except for the trim of the throttle/ airbrake joystick, the so-called "C1"(channel 1) control function – digital trim can be set to operate globally or on a ﬂ ight-phase speciﬁ c basis within a memory location. This choice is made, separate for each joystick plane, in the second column of the »Stick mode« menu, page 104 or 106.

Notes:

Finding the mid-point position during a ﬂ ight is • easy and can be done without even looking at the display. A brief press on the trim wheel will reset trim to "0" or, in the »Trim memory« menu, will reset a stored ﬂ ight-phase speciﬁ c trim value.

The "cut-off trim" function, known from other • Graupner remote control systems in the mc and mx series, and typically described in this section can be realized with the help of the "Thr. CutOff" option in the »Basic settings, model« menu, see page 81 and 90.

For your notes

Winged models

Convenient support is provided for up to four aileron servos and four ﬂ ap servos on normal models or, for V tail and ﬂ ying wing/delta models, up to two aileron/ elevator servos plus four ﬂ ap servos.

The majority of motorized and glider models belong to the tail unit type "normal" and are equipped with one servo each for elevator, rudder and ailerons in addition to a motor throttle or electronic speed controller (or for brake ﬂ aps in the case of a glider model). Beyond this, tail unit type "2 HR Sv 3+8" permits the connection of two elevator servos to receiver outputs 3 and 8.

"V-tail" is to be selected from the »Model type« menu if the model has a V-tail instead of a "normal" tail. This V-tail option provides coupled control functions for elevator and rudder such that both tail ﬂ aps – each controlled by a separate servo – are able to handle both elevator and rudder functionality.

For delta and ﬂ ying wing aircraft models, aileron and elevator functionality is affected by way of a common rudder ﬂ ap on the trailing edge of each side (right and left) of the wing. The program contains appropriate mixer functions for both servos.

If ailerons, and conditionally the ﬂ aps, are each actuated with two separate servos then settings can be made for differentiated control of all aileron and ﬂ ap pairs in the »Wing mixers« menu, i.e. settings

for downward rudder throw independent of upward throw. And ﬁ nally, the positioning of ﬂ aps can also be controlled by one or even more of the three proportional sliders or the seven proportional rotary controls.

Alternatively, there is a phase-dependent trim function available for ﬂ aps, ailerons and elevators in the »Phase trim« menu.

Up to 8 ﬂ ight phases can be programmed into each of the 80 model memory locations.

Except for C1 trim, digital trim will be stored on a ﬂ ight-phase basis. C1 trim permits easy location of a carburetor idle setting.

Two timers are always available for ﬂ ight operation. The transmitter operating time expired since the last battery charge is also displayed.

All transmitter controls and switches can be assigned in the »Control adjust« menu to inputs 5 … 16 with almost no restrictions.

The "Dual Rate" and "Exponential" functions for ailerons, rudder and elevators are separately programmable and each are convertible between the two variations on a speciﬁ c ﬂ ight-phase basis.

In addition to 8 freely allocatable linear mixers, 4 curve mixers (»Free mixers« menu) and 4 dual mixers (»Dual mixer« menu) there are also ﬂ ight-phase dependent 8-point curves available to control channel

1 (throttle/brake), see »Channel 1 curve« menu). Depending on the number of wing servos, ﬁ xed-

deﬁ nition mix and coupling functions can be selected from a list in the »Wing mixers« menu.

Multi-ﬂ ap menu: control of ﬂ aps as ailerons, • the inﬂ uence aileron trim on ﬂ aps controlled as ailerons, ﬂ ap differentiation, ﬂ ap function throw magnitude for all aileron and ﬂ ap pairs, ailerons controlled as ﬂ aps, elevator mixer  ﬂ aps

Brake settings: butterﬂ y, differential reduction, • elevator curves

aileron •  rudder mixer ﬂ aps •  elevator mixer

left

right

Airbrake

Flap

Airbrake

Elevator

Airbrake-Function 1

left

right

Rudder/Elevator

V-Tail

Brake

FL, FL2

Brake

Elevator

Brake

AI, AI2

FL2

AI2





EL  AI



AI2





Winged models / Receiver layout

Installation notices Servos MUST be connected to the receiver in the

sequence illustrated here. Outputs which are not used are simply left empty. Also

be sure to follow the notices on the next pages.

Winged aircraft with and without motor having up to 2 aileron servos and up to 4 ﬂ ap servos …

… and tail plane type " normal" or "2 elevator servos"

Receiver power supply

free or AIL2 left or aux. function

free or AIL2 right or aux. function

Rudder

Aileron or left aileron

Elevator or 1st elevator

free or 2nd Elevator or aux. function

Receiver power supply

Airbrake or throttle servo or speed controller (electric motor)

Right aileron or aux. function

Flap or left flap

Right flap or free or aux. function

free or left flap2 or aux. function

free or flap2 right or aux. function

13 14 T

15 16

10 11 12

Receiver power supply

free or aux. function

Telemetry connection

Receiver power supply

free or aux. function

SUMO / SUMI-connection

Receiver power supply

… and tail plane type " V tail unit"

Receiver power supply

free or left AIL2 or aux. function

free or right AIL2 or aux. function

Aileron or left aileron

free or 2nd elevator or aux. function

Receiver power supply

Airbrake- or throttle servo or speed controller (electric motor)

Right aileron or aux. function

Flap or left flap

Right flap or free or aux. function

free or left flap2 or aux. function

free or right flap2 or aux. function

13 14 T

15 16

10 11 12

Receiver power supply

free or aux. function

Telemetry connection

Receiver power supply

free or aux. function

SUMO / SUMI-connection

Receiver power supply

Left elevator/rudder

Right elevator/rudder

Delta/ﬂ ying wing aircraft models with and without motor having up to two aileron/elevator servos and up to 2 ﬂ ap/elevator servos

Receiver power supply

Airbrake- or throttle servo or speed controller (electric motor)

13 14 T

15 16

10 11 12

Receiver power supply

Telemetry connection

Receiver power supply

free or aux. function

SUMO / SUMI-connection

Receiver power supply

free or aux. function or AIL2 / left EL

free or aux. function or AIL2 / right EL

free or aux. function

free or flap / left elevator

free or flap / right elevator

free or aux. function or flap2 / left EL

free or aux. function or flap2 / right EL

free or aux. function

AIL / elevator left

AIL / elevator right

free or aux. function free or rudder

62 Winged models - Servo direction wrong

Because of orientation differences for installed servos and their rudder linkages, the actuating direction of some servos may be initially backward. The table below provides remedies.

Model

type

Servo

direction

wrong

Remedy

V tail Rudder and

elevator reversed

Reverse polarity of servos 3 & 4 in the »Servo adjustment« menu

Rudder correct, elevators reversed

Swap servos 3 & 4 on the receiver

Elevators correct, rudder reversed

Reverse polarity of servos 3 & 4 in the »Servo adjustment« menu AND swap them on the receiver

Delta, ﬂ ying wing

Elevator and aileron reversed

Reverse the polarity of servos 2 & 3 in the »Servo adjustment« menu

Elevator correct, aileron reversed

Reverse polarity of servos 2 & 3 in the »Servo adjustment« menu AND swap them on the receiver

Aileron correct, elevators reversed

Swap servos 2 & 3 on the receiver

All "program descriptions" for menus relevant to a winged aircraft model are marked with a winged aircraft symbol …

… so only these menus need to be dealt with to program a winged aircraft model.

For your notes

Helicopter models

The advanced developments incorporated into the transmitter as well as those now in helicopter models and their components like gyros, speed regulators, rotor blades, etc. make it possible to master a helicopter even in 3D acrobatic ﬂ ight. On the other hand, a beginner needs only a few settings to get started with hovered ﬂ ight training then, step-bystep, take advantage of

mc-32 HoTT features with

increasing expertise. The mc-32 HoTT program can operate all

conventional helicopters having 1 … 4 servos for pitch control.

Seven ﬂ ight phases plus autorotation are available within a model memory, see menus »Control adjust«, »Phase settings« and »Phase assignment«.

As with winged aircraft, here too, in addition to the basic screen's standard timers there are additional timers as well as a lap counter with ﬂ ight-phasedependent stopwatch functionality which are available for selection (menus »Timers (general)« and »Fl. phase timers«). Except for pitch/throttle trimming, digital trimming can be stored as "global" for all ﬂ ight phases or as "ﬂ ight phase speciﬁ c". C1 trim permits easy location of an idle setting.

The control assignments for inputs 5 … 16 is made separately for each ﬂ ight phase (»Control adjust« menu).

A ﬂ ight phase copy function is helpful during ﬂ ight trials (»Copy / Erase« menu).

"Dual Rate" and "Exponential" functions can be coupled for roll, nick and tail rotor and programmable in two variations in every ﬂ ight phase.

There are 8 freely assignable linear mixers. There are also 4 curve mixers that can be programed and these can also be switched on or off, depending on the ﬂ ight phase, in the »MIX active/phase« menu. Beyond this, there are also 4 dual mixers available.

The »Helicopter mixer« menu provides ﬂ ightphase-dependent 8-point curves for the non-linear characteristics pitch, throttle and tail rotor mixer as well as two independent swashplate mixers each for roll and nick. Independent of this, the control curve of the channel 1 joystick can be deﬁ ned with up to a total of 8 points in every ﬂ ight phase. The beginner will initially only adapt the hover ﬂ ight point to the control middle for the non-linear characteristics.

Pre-programmed mixers in the »Helicopter mixer« menu:

Pitch curve (8-point curve)1. C1 2.  throttle (8-point curve) Channel 1 3.  tail rotor (8-point curve) Tail rotor 4.  throttle Roll 5.  throttle Roll 6.  tail rotor Pitch-axis 7.  throttle Pitch-axis 8.  tail rotor Gyro suppression9. Swashplate rotation10. Swashplate limiter11.

The "Throttle limit" function (input Tl16 in the »Control adjust« menu) allows the motor to be started in any ﬂ ight phase. The right-side proportional rotary slider is assigned to input "Tl16" by default. This "throttle limiter" establishes – depending on its given position – the maximum possible throttle servo position. This makes it possible for the motor to be controlled in the idle range, if necessary even by the proportional regulator. The throttle curves become effective only when the proportional regulator is pushed toward the full throttle direction.

Collective

Pitch Curve

Swashplate

Rotation

Roll

Throttle

Pitch-Axis

Throttle

Channel 1

Throttle

Roll

Tail Rotor

Pitch-Axis

Tail Rotor

Channel 1

Tail Rotor

Helicopters / Receiver layout

Notice for those transitioning from older Graupner systems:

In comparison to previous receiver layouts, servo connector 1 (pitch servo) and servo connector 6 (throttle servo) have exchanged places. Servos must be connected to receiver outputs as illustrated at the right in the bottom ﬁ gure. Outputs which are not used are simply left empty. More details about respective swashplate types can be found on page 98 in the

»Helicopter type« menu.

Installation notices Servos MUST be connected to the receiver in the

sequence illustrated here.

Outputs which are not used are simply left empty.

Also be sure to follow the notices on the next pages.

Note: A speed control is also to be connected to receiver output "6" in order to take full advantage of the throttle limiter's convenience and safety features, see text beginning on page 117. See page 181 about this.

Receiver allocation for helicopter models with 1 to 3 swashplate servos

Receiver power supply

13 14 T

15 16

10 11 12

Receiver power supply

Telemetry connection

Receiver power supply

free or aux. function

SUMO / SUMI-connection

Receiver power supply

free or aux. function

Tail rotor servo (gyro system)

Roll-1 servo

Pitch-axis 1 servo

frei or speed governor or aux. function

Collective pitch or roll 2 or pitch-axis 2 servo

free or aux. function

Throttle servo or speed controller

Gyro gain

Receiver allocation for helicopter models with 4 swashplate servos

Receiver power supply

13 14 T

15 16

10 11 12

Receiver power supply

Telemetry connection

Receiver power supply

free or aux. function

SUMO / SUMI-connection

Receiver power supply

free or aux. function

free or speed governor or aux. function

Throttle servo or speed controller

Gyro gain

Tail rotor servo (gyro system)

Roll 1 servo

Pitch-axis 1 servo

Roll 2 servo

Pitch-axis 2 servo

All menus relevant to helicopter models are marked in the "program descriptions" section with a helicopter symbol …

… so only these menus need to be dealt with to program a helicopter model.

66 Detail program description - Loading a new memory location

Anyone who has worked through to this part of the manual has certainly already tried out a bit of programming. Nevertheless a detailed description of every menu should not be left out.

This section begins with the loading of a "free" memory location, a procedure which would be performed if a new model was being "programmed".

#01

0:00h

Stop watch Flight tim

K78

0:00.0

4.1V

0:00.0

RX VOLT:0.0v

00:00h

From the basic display, a jump to the "Multi-function list" is made with a tap on the center SET key of the right touch pad. (The center ESC key of the left touch pad will cause a jump back to the basic display.) By default, when the multi-function list is called for the ﬁ rst time after switching on the transmitter, the »Model select« menu option will be active and displayed in inverse video. Otherwise use the  or  selection keys of the left or right touch pad to select the »Model select« menu option , whereby the upper of the two following ﬁ gures shows a selection list for a ﬁ xed-wing model and the lower shows the selection list for a helicopter model.

Servo adjustment

Stick mode

Control adjust

Dual Rate / Expo

Channel 1 curve

Switch display

Model select

Copy / Erase

Suppress codes

Suppress models

Base setup model

Model type

Detail program description

Loading a new memory location

Servo adjustment

Stick mode

Control adjust

Dual Rate / Expo

Channel 1 curve

Switch display

Model select

Copy / Erase

Suppress codes

Suppress models

Base setup model

Helicopter type

Tap brieﬂ y on the center SET key of the right touch pad to open this menu option:

03 04 05



free



E16



free



free



free



free



00:12h

In the transmitter's delivered state, the ﬁ rst model memory is initialized to the "ﬁ xed-wing model" type and the receiver in the delivery is "bound" to this model. The time display located near the line's middle indicates the overall operating time of the respective model memory.

The remaining memory locations, marked with "free", are still unoccupied and therefore also "non-bound". If you wish to program a ﬁ xed-wing model then, after leaving the »Model select« menu with a tap on the center ESC key of the left touch pad, programming of the model can begin right away … or now use the  or  keys of the left or right touch pad to select one of the free memory locations …

03 04 05

R16



free



free



free



free



00:12h



free



… and then tap on the center SET key of the right touch pad to conﬁ rm the choice.

Afterward you will be prompted to select the basic model type, i.e. either "winged model" or "helicopter model".

Select model type ( free model memory )

Use the  or  keys of the left or right touch pad to select the basic model type then tap on the center

SET key of the right touch pad. This initializes the

selected model memory with the selected model type and the display will return to the base screen. The memory location is now accordingly occupied.

However, if you wish to begin with a helicopter, select one of the memory locations marked "free" with the  or  keys of the left or right touch pad then conﬁ rm the selection with a brief tap on the center SET key of the right touch pad. You will be now be prompted to specify the basic model type, in this case the "helicopter model". Select the appropriate symbol with the  or  keys of the left or right touch pad then again tap brieﬂ y on the center

SET key of the right touch pad to conﬁ rm the choice.

This initializes the selected model memory with the

Detail program description - Loading a new memory location

Further details about binding a receiver can be found on page 77 or 85.

At the right and above the aforementioned "BIND. • N/A" warning message, the warning …

Fail Safe

setup

t.b.d.

… will appear (also for just a few seconds) to indicate that no no failsafe settings have yet been made. More about this can be found on page 208.

If the screen should display the warning …•

Throttle too high!

… then move the throttle joystick, or the limiter for a helicopter, (by default this is rotary slider SD1) into its idle position.

Whether or not this warning appears also depends on the settings selected for the "Motor on C1" and "Pitch min." options in the »Model type« menu, see page 94, or »Helicopter type« menu, see page 98. For winged aircraft models, select "None" to deactivate this message if you have no motor to enter.

If the transmitter already has occupied model • memories then sub-menus of the »Copy / Erase« menu will display a pictograph of the selected model type at the respective memory location followed by a blank line or the model name which was entered in the »Basic settings, model« menu, page 76 or 84. To the right of this will be as display of the model operating time and, if present, "Info" about the model.

If battery voltage is too low, the model switchover • cannot be made due to reasons of safety. An

selected model type and you can now program your model into this model memory.

Changing over to another model type is still possible if you ﬁ rst erase this memory location (»Copy / Erase« menu, page 70).

Notes:

If, from the base screen, the currently active model • memory is to be erased then immediately after the erase action one of the two model types, "Winged" or "Heli" must be deﬁ ned. You cannot avoid this selection even if you switch the transmitter off. When the transmitter is switched on again the undesired occupation of the that model memory will have to be erased from another memory location.

If a non-active memory location is erased, it will subsequently be marked as "free" in the "Model select" menu.

After the selected model memory is initialized with • the desired model type, the display will switch to the base screen of the freshly occupied model memory. At this time the warning …

BIND. N/A

… will appear for several seconds as notiﬁ cation that a binding connection to a receiver is "not available". A brief tap on the center SET key of the right touch pad will cause a direct jump to the appropriate option.

Model name

Stick mode

n/a

BASIC SETTINGS, MODEL

Info

n/a

Module

bind

HoTT SEL BD1 BD2 BD3 BD4

appropriate message will appear in the screen:

not possible now voltage too low

As a basic principle, there are four different ways to assign the four control functions, aileron, elevator, rudder and throttle or brake ﬂ aps for winged models as well as rolling, pitching, tail rotor and throttle/ pitch for helicopter models, to the two joysticks. Just which of these methods is used depends on the preferences of the individual model pilot. This function is set for the currently active model memory in the "Stick mode" line of the »Basic settings, model« menu, page 76 or 84.

Model name

Stick mode

n/a

BASIC SETTINGS, MODEL

Info

n/a

Module

bind

HoTT

SEL

If this setting is desired as a default for future models, the setting can also be entered into the »General basic settings« menu, page 258:

Owners name Pre-set stick mode

Pre-set DSC Output

GENERAL BASIC SETTINGS

PPM10

SEL

Pre-set modulation

HoTT

It should be noted here once again that, in the interest of greatest ﬂ exibility in combination with the prevention of unintentional operating errors, no controls are preassigned to control channels 5 … 16 by default.

This means that, in the system's delivered state,

68 Detail program description - Loading a new memory location

only servos attached to receiver outputs 1 … 4 can typically be operated by the two joysticks and that any servos attached to receiver connectors 5 … 16 (max) will remain in their middle positions. A newly initialized helicopter

model is also able to more-or-less move servo 6 – depending on the position of the right-side proportional rotary slider, which is the default throttle limiter control. With either model type, this situation will only change after appropriate assignments have been made in the »Control adjust« menu.

On the other hand, if a newly initialized model memory is to be put into operation then it MUST ﬁ rst be appropriately "connected" with one or more receivers before the servos attached to the receiver/s can be operated. More about this can be found in the section "Binding" on page 77 or 85.

A fundamental description of programming steps for a winged aircraft model can be found in the programming examples section beginning on 268, or for helicopter models beginning on page 308.

The menu descriptions below are arranged in the sequence individual menus are listed in the multifunction list.

Detail program description - Model select

Model select

Call up model 1 … 80

The basic operation of the transmitters keys was explained on pages 28 and 29 and, on the previous double-page, explanations were provided for navigating to the multifunction list and about how to make allocations for a new model memory. At this point we now wish to begin with the "normal" description of individual menu items in the sequence they are arranged in the transmitter. Therefore we will begin with the menu …

Model select

Servo adjustment

Stick mode

Control adjust

Dual Rate / Expo

Channel 1 curve

Switch display

Model select

Copy / Erase

Suppress codes

Suppress models

Base setup model

Model type

Model select

Servo adjustment

Stick mode

Control adjust

Dual Rate / Expo

Channel 1 curve

Switch display

Copy / Erase

Suppress codes

Suppress models

Base setup model

Model type

As many as 80 complete model settings, including digital trim values for the trim wheel, can be stored. Trimming is stored automatically such that a switchover from one model to another does not cause a loss of current trim settings. To the right of the model number, each occupied model memory line in this display shows a pictograph of the model type as well as the model's name entered for the model in its »Basic settings, model« menu, page 76 or 84. The code, if present, for the receiver "bound" to the model memory location will appear after the model number.

Select the »Model select« menu with the selection

keys of the left or right touch pad then brieﬂ y tap on the

SET key of the right touch pad.

Attention!

Switch-OFF

the Receiver first!

If this message appears, there is a telemetry connection to an operationally ready receiver system. Switch that receiver system off.

03 04

Ultimate

00:44hR12 Starlet BELL47G

00:33hR08

00:22hR08

Test trim needed



free



free



05 06

01:23hR16Graubele

1234g/080811

Now, with the  selection keys of the left or right touch pad, select the desired model memory from the list and activate it with a tap on the SET key. A tap on the ESC key will cause a return to the previous menu page without activating a model change.

Notes:

If, after a model change, the "Throttle too high" • warning appears, the throttle/pitch joystick (C1) or the throttle limiter – by default, the right-side proportional rotary slider – is too far in the full throttle direction.

If a model change causes the message …•

BIND. N/A

… to appear then binding settings should be checked.

If a model change causes the message …•

Fail Safe

setup

t.b.d.

… to appear then respective failsafe settings should be checked.

If battery voltage is too low, the model switchover • cannot be made due to reasons of safety. An appropriate message will appear in the screen:

not possible now voltage too low

70 Detail program description - Copy / Erase

Copy model  model

Select the »Copy model  model« sub-menu with the  selection keys of the left or right touch pad then tap the

SET key.

Copy flight en kopieren

Erase model Copy modelodell –> Modell Export to SD-Karte Import fromn von SD-Karte



OFFON

Please select

RF on/off?

If the message shown above should appear, the transmitter's RF module is still active. Switch the RF module off as described on page 80 then also, if a receiver system is currently switched on, switch off that receiver too. This is to be done for reasons of safety.

Choose the model to be copied with the  selection keys of the left or right touch pad …

03 04 05



free



01:23hR16

Ultimate

Graubele

1234g/080811

00:44hR12

Starlet BELL47G

00:33hR08

00:22hR08

Test

trim needed

Copy from model:

… then, following the change into the "Copy to model" window caused by another tap on the SET key of the right touch pad, the destination memory can be selected with the  selection keys of the left or right touch pad. Yet another tap on the SET key will then conﬁ rm the copy process or a tap on ESC key will cause the copy to be canceled. A memory location which is already occupied can be overwritten.

03 04

01:23hR16

Ultimate

Graubele

1234g/080811

00:44hR12

Starlet BELL47G

00:33hR08

00:22hR08

Test

trim needed

Select model to be erased :

… whereby another tap on the SET key will cause the conﬁ rmation request …

Model really

Ultimate

to be erased?

YES

… to appear. A NO response will cause the process to be canceled and a return to the previous screen. Selecting the YES response with the  selection key of the left or right touch pad followed by conﬁ rmation of the selection with a brief tap on the SET key will erase the selected model memory.

Caution: This erase process cannot be undone. All data in the selected model memory will be erased completely.

Note: If the currently active model memory is to be erased, a model type "Winged" or "Heli" must be deﬁ ned immediately after the erase process. If, however, an inactive memory location is erased, it will subsequently appear in "Model select" list as "free".

Copy / Erase

Erase or copy model  model, copy from or to SD card, copy ﬂ ight phases, store/cancel changes

Use the  selection keys of the left or right touch pad to select the »Copy / Erase« menu …

Servo adjustment

Stick mode

Control adjust

Dual Rate / Expo

Channel 1 curve

Switch display

Model select

Copy / Erase

Suppress codes

Suppress models

Base setup model

Model type

Servo adjustment

Stick mode

Control adjust

Dual Rate / Expo

Channel 1 curve

Switch display

Model select

Copy / Erase

Suppress codes

Suppress models

Base setup model

Helicopter type

… then brieﬂ y tap the center SET key of the right touch pad.

Erase model

Copy flight phase

Erase model Copy model –> model Export to SD Import from SD



Select the "Erase model" sub-menu with the  selection keys of the left or right touch pad then brieﬂ y tap on the SET key.

Choose the model to be erased with the  selection keys of the left or right touch pad …

Detail program description - Copy / Erase

03 04

01:23hR16

Ultimate

Graubele

1234g/080811

00:44hR12 Starlet BELL47G

00:33hR08

00:22hR08

Test trim needed

Copy to model:



free



After conﬁ rming the selected model memory with a tap on the SET key, a conﬁ rmation request will appear:

Model really

Ultimate

to be copied?

YES



free



A NO response will cancel the process and return the screen to the originating screen. If the  YES response is selected and conﬁ rmed with a tap on the SET key then the selected source model will be copied into the selected model memory destination.

Note: In addition to model data, binding data is also copied by this process. This means that a receiver system which was/is bound to the original model memory can also be operated by its copy without establishing the bond again.

Exporting to SD card

Use the  selection keys of the left or right touch pad to select the »Export to SD« sub-menu then tap on the

SET key.

Copy flight sen kopieren

Erase model Copy modeModell –> Modell Export to SDach SD-Karte Import from von SD-Karte



OFFON

Please select

RF on/off?

Choose the model to be exported with the  selection keys of the left or right touch pad …

03 04 05



free



01:23hR16

Ultimate

Graubele

1234g/080811

00:44hR12

Starlet BELL47G

00:33hR08

00:22hR08

Test

trim needed

export to SD-Card:

After conﬁ rming the selected model memory with a tap on the SET key, a conﬁ rmation request will appear:

Model really

Ultimate

export?

YES

A NO response will cancel the process and return the screen to the originating screen. If the  YES response is selected then conﬁ rmed with a tap on the

SET key, the selected model will be copied to the SD

card.

Notes:

Should the notice …•

SD-CARD

INSERT

… appears instead of a screen for model selection, there is no SD card in the transmitter's card slot, see page 23.

In addition to model data, binding data is also • copied by this process. This means that a receiver system which was/is bound to the original model memory can also be operated in the SAME transmitter by its copy without establishing the bond again.

An exported ﬁ xed-wing model will be stored on • the memory card in the \\Models\mc-32 folder with a ﬁ lename format of "aModelname.mdl" and a helicopter model with a ﬁ lename format of "hModelname.mdl". On the other hand, if a "nameless" model is exported, its data will be stored on the memory card under "ahNoName. mdl" or "hNoName.mdl", as appropriate.

Some special characters that can be used in • model names are subject to speciﬁ c restrictions associated with the FAT or FAT32 ﬁ le system used by the memory cards and these special characters will be replaced during the copy process with a tilde (~).

A model ﬁ le already on the memory having • the same name as the ﬁ le to be copied will be overwritten without warning.

72 Detail program description - Copy / Erase

pad then conﬁ rmed with a tap on the SET key, or the process can be canceled with a tap on the

ESC key.

A memory location which is already occupied can be overwritten.

03 04

01:23hR16

Ultimate

Graubele

1234g/080811

00:44hR12 Starlet BELL47G

00:33hR08

00:22hR08

Test trim needed

Import to model:



free



After conﬁ rming the selected model memory with a tap on the SET key, a conﬁ rmation request will appear:

model

Extra 300

import?

YES



free



Notes:

If the message …•

SD-CARD

INSERT

… appears instead of a screen for model selection, there is no SD card in the transmitter's

Importing from SD card

Use the  selection keys of the left or right touch pad to select the »Import from SD« sub-menu then tap on the

SET key.

Copy flight sen kopieren

Erase model Copy modell –> Modell Export to mnach SD-Karte Import from von SD-Karte



OFFON

Please select

RF on/off?

Select the model to be imported from the SD memory card with the  selection keys of the left or right touch pad.

03 04

11/06/06 06:06

Extra 300

Soarmaster

11/07/07 07:07

T-Rex 250 BellCobra

11/08/08 08:08

11/09/09 09:09

import from SD-CARD:

Note: The export date posted at the right end of each model name line is represented in the format "year/month/ day".

After another tap on the SET key of the right touch pad, the "import from SD-CARD" window will appear. Now the destination memory location can be selected with the  selection keys of the left or right touch

card slot, see page 23. In addition to model data, binding data is also •

imported by this process. This means that a receiver system which was/is bound to the original model memory can also be operated in the SAME transmitter by its copy without establishing the bond again.

Copy ﬂ ight phase

Select the »Copy ﬂ ight phase« sub-menu with the  selection keys of the left or right touch pad then tap on the

SET key.

Copy flight phase

Erase model Copy model –> model Export to SD Import from SD



In the "Copy ﬂ ight phase" sub-menu …

Copy from phase:

3 5

=> =>

2 4 6

… the ﬂ ight phase to be copied (1 … 8 for ﬁ xed-wing models or 1 … 7 for helicopter models) is selected with the selection keys of the left or right touch pad then conﬁ rmed with a brief tap on the SET key of the right touch pad. In the next window to appear …

Detail program description - Copy / Erase

Copy to phase:

3 5

=> =>

2 4 6

… a destination must be selected and it must be conﬁ rmed too. Another conﬁ rmation request will follow:

Phase to:

to be copied?

YES

1 normal

2 Thermik

Storing changes permanently Undoing changes

These two sub-menus permit programming changes to be backed up immediately or to be undone (restored) to the state when the model was called up or the state of the last backup.

Copy flight en kopieren

Export to SD Import fromvon SD-Karte



Store changes ft speichern Undo changesgig machen

OFFON

Please select

RF on/off?

Data is only backed up by "Store change" or a switch from one model to another in the »Model select« menu. Switching the transmitter on or off will not store the permanently. To store changes permanently, select the appropriate line then brieﬂ y tap on the center SET key of the right touch pad. The conﬁ rmation request shown below will appear:

Programming changes to be

YES

store permanently?

A NO response will cancel the process and return the screen to the originating screen. If the  YES response is selected and conﬁ rmed with a tap on

the SET key then the changes made since the last backup or model change will be stored permanently.

If, however, the changes made since the last backup or model change are to be canceled, then select the line "Undo change". Following a brief tap on the center

SET key of the right touch pad, the

conﬁ rmation request shown below will appear:

Programming changes to be

YES

reset to original?

A NO response will cancel the process and return the screen to the originating screen. If the  YES response is selected and conﬁ rmed with a tap on the SET key then the changes made since the last backup or model change will be stored permanently.

Note: When the transmitter is switched off, any changes made will not be lose but they are not permanently stored either. This means that a subsequent "cancel changes" would reset memory to the state of the last "permanent backup" (or model change).

74 Detail program description - Suppress menus

Suppress menus

Suppression of menus in the multifunction list

Use the  selection keys of the left or right touch pad to select the »Suppress codes« menu …

Model select

Servo adjustment

Stick mode

Control adjust

Dual Rate / Expo

Channel 1 curve

Switch display

Copy / Erase

Suppress codes

Suppress models

Base setup model

Model type

Model select

Servo adjustment

Stick mode

Control adjust

Dual Rate / Expo

Channel 1 curve

Switch display

Copy / Erase

Suppress codes

Suppress models

Base setup model

Helicopter type

… then brieﬂ y tap the center SET key of the right touch pad.

Copy / Erase

Model select

Servo adjustment

Stick mode

Control adjust

Dual Rate / Expo

Channel 1 curve

Suppress models

Base setup model

Model type

Suppress : SET

Copy / Erase

Model select

Servo adjustment

Stick mode

Control adjust

Dual Rate / Expo

Channel 1 curve

Suppress models

Base setup model

Helicopter type

Suppress : SET

In the menu which then appears, menu items which are no longer needed or those which should not be changed, can be blocked from appearing in th multifunction list.

The option to be suppressed/displayed is selected with the selection keys of the left or right touch pad then its status is switched over with a tap on the center

SET key of the right touch pad.

Copy / Erase

Model select

Servo adjustment

Stick mode

Control adjust

Dual Rate / Expo

Channel 1 curve

Suppress models

Base setup model

Model type

Suppress : SET

Copy / Erase

Model select

Servo adjustment

Stick mode

Control adjust

Dual Rate / Expo

Channel 1 curve

Suppress models

Base setup model

Helicopter type

Suppress : SET

This can reduce the multi-function list considerably, in some cases to only a few menus, thus substantially improving clarity of the multi-function list. Options are not deactivated by being suppressed. They will simply no longer appear in the list. This also blocks direct access to these functions.

Tip: If you wish to forgo access-blockage to the multifunction list altogether, suppress the »Code lock« menu in the multi-function list by way of this menu as a precautionary measure. It is then not so easy for an unauthorized person to lock up the transmitter.

Detail program description - Suppress models

Suppress models

Suppression of model memory locations

Use the  selection keys of the left or right touch pad to select the »Suppress models« menu …

Model select

Servo adjustment

Stick mode

Control adjust

Dual Rate / Expo

Channel 1 curve

Switch display

Copy / Erase

Suppress codes

Suppress models

Base setup model

Model type

Model select

Servo adjustment

Stick mode

Control adjust

Dual Rate / Expo

Channel 1 curve

Switch display

Copy / Erase

Suppress codes

Suppress Models

Base setup model

Helicopter type

… then brieﬂ y tap the center SET key of the right touch pad.

Model memories which are rarely needed or to which access is to be blocked for other reasons can be hidden from the model selection list. This also clariﬁ es the overview layout for model selection.

The model to be suppressed/displayed is selected with the selection keys of the left or right touch pad then its status is switched over with a tap on the center SET key of the right touch pad.

03 04 05



free



01:23hR16

Ultimate

Graubele

1234g/080811

00:44hR12

Starlet BELL47G

00:33hR08

00:22hR08

Test

trim needed

Suppress :

SET

A model memory which is "stricken through" will no longer appear in the »Model select« menu.

03 04

Starlet BELL47G

00:33hR08 00:22hR08

trim needed



free



free



05 06

01:23hR16Graubele

1234g/080811

free



76 Detail program description - Base setup models | Winged models

Base setup model

Model-speciﬁ c base settings for winged aircraft models

Before programming speciﬁ c parameters, there are some basic settings to be made which effect the currently active model memory.

Use the selection keys of the left or right touch pad to select the »Basic settings, model« menu …

Model select

Servo adjustment

Stick mode

Control adjust

Dual Rate / Expo

Channel 1 curve

Switch display

Copy / Erase

Suppress codes

Suppress models

Base setup model

Model type

… then tap the center SET key of the right touch pad.

Model name

Stick mode

n/a

BASIC SETTINGS,MODEL

Info

n/a



Module

bind

HoTT

Change to the next screen page with a brief tap on the SET key of the right touch pad. This will open a screen of characters for entry of the model's name. A maximum of 13 characters can be used to specify a model name.

!"#$%&’()

Model name

Graub

@ACDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[¥]^_

?+,–./0123456789:;

¢ЗьйвдаезклипомДЕЙжЖфцтыщЦЬ

`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~

Now the desired characters can be selected with the selection keys of the left touch pad. Move to the next position to select the next character with a tap on the  selection key of the right touch pad or its center

SET key. A simultaneous tap on the  or  keys

of the right touch pad (CLEAR) will place a space character at the current position.

Positioning to any character position within the entry ﬁ eld can be done with the  keys of the right touch pad.

A return to the previous menu screen is accomplished with a tap on the center ESC key of the left touch pad.

A model name entered in this manner will appear in the base screen of the »Model select« menu and in the sub-menus of the »Copy / Erase« menu item.

Info

Model name

Stick mode

n/a

BASIC SETTINGS,MODEL

Info

n/a



Module

bind

HoTT

Graubele

Every model can be given a supplementary note of up to 12 characters (maximum) by following the same procedure as already described for creating a "Model name". This info note will appear as a supplement in the »Model select« menu and in the sub-menus of the »Copy / Erase« menu item.

Stick mode

“MODE 2” (Throttle at left stick)

“MODE 3” (Throttle at right stick) “MODE 4” (Throttle at left stick)

“MODE 1” (Throttle at right stick)

elev. down

elev. up

left rudder

right rudder

full throttle

idle

left aileron

right aileron

full throttle

left rudder

right rudder

idle

elev. down

elev. up

left aileron

right aileron

elev. down

elev. up

left aileron

right aileron

Motor Vollgas

idle

left rudder

right rudder

full throttle

idle

left aileron

right aileron

elev. down

elev. up

left rudder

right rudder

There are four fundamental options for assigning the four control functions (aileron, elevator, rudder and throttle/brake ﬂ ap) for a winged aircraft model to the two joysticks. Just which of these options is chosen depends on the individual preferences of the individual model pilot.

Use the  selection keys of the left or right touch pad to select the "Stick mode" line. The option ﬁ eld will be framed.

Model name

Stick mode

n/a

BASIC SETTINGS,MODEL

Info

n/a

Module

bind

HoTT

SEL

Graubele 1234g/111111

Tap on the SET key. The currently displayed stick mode will be displayed in inverse video. Now use the selection keys of the right touch pad to select from among options 1 through 4.

A simultaneous tap on the  or  keys of the right touch pad (CLEAR) will reset the display to stick mode "1".

Detail program description - Base setup models | Winged models

to the transmitter will fall into Fail-safe mode during the transmitter-side "binding" period.

"Binding" multiple receivers per model

Multiple receivers per model can be bound if desired, whereby respective mc-32 HoTT programs offer the potential for managing up to four receivers directly and for dividing up the transmitter's 16 control channels (max) in any arrangement among these receivers under menu control. Refer to additional details further down in this section. First bind the receivers individually as described below.

However, in subsequent operation only one of these receivers will establish a telemetry bond to the transmitter; the one which was activated in the "TELEMETRY RCV" line of the »Telemetry« menu.

TELEMETRY

SETTING & DATAVIEW SENSOR SELECT RF STATUS VIEW VOICE TRIGGER

TELEMETRY RCV

BIND. 1

Any telemetry sensors which may be built into the model should therefore be connected to this receiver because the transmitter only receives and evaluates data from the return channel of the receiver activated on this line. The second, and all other receivers, operate in parallel but are fully independent in slave mode.

"Binding" transmitter and receiver

Use the  selection keys of the left or right touch pad to move into the "Module" line. The marker frame will be positioned by default to the column for the next free binding channel. In the example shown in the figure below, the marker frame is positioned above the column label "BD2" because the binding channel in the column labeled "BD1" is already in use by default for the receiver which was delivered with the set.

Another tap on the SET key will again deactivate option selection so a change to another line can be affected.

Module

Model name

Stick mode

n/a

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

Info

n/a

Module

bind

HoTT

Graubele

1234g/111111

SEL

BD1

BD2

BD3

BD4

The mc-32 transmitter has a HoTT RF module as standard equipment. In addition to the built-in module, there is a connector for an external RF module behind one of the two front cover ﬂ aps (see page 25) and a switchover to an external module connected there can be affected per software. To do this, use the selection keys of the left or right touch pad to move the marker frame left to the "Module" selection ﬁ eld above the "SEL" column label.

HoTT

Graupner HoTT receivers must be "instructed" to communicate exclusively with a certain model (memory) in a Graupner HoTT transmitter. This procedure is known as "binding" and must only be done once for every new receiver/model-memorylocation combination (and can be repeated anytime).

Important notices:

During the binding procedure be sure the • transmitter's antenna is always far enough away from the receiver's antenna. To be on the safe side, keep them at least one meter apart. Otherwise there is a risk of a faulty connection to the return channel and malfunctions will result.

When binding additional receivers, note that any • other –switched on– receivers already bound

Model name

Stick mode

n/a

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

Info

n/a

Module

bind

HoTT

Graubele 1234g/111111

SEL

BD1

BD2

BD3

BD4

If not already off, now switch the receiver on. The red LED on the receiver will blink.

Press and hold the SET button on the receiver while the LED continues to blink red for about 3 seconds then, after about another 3 seconds, begins to blink red/green. The SET button on the receiver can now be released. As long as this LED blinks red/green, the receiver is in bind mode.

Now, within this 3 second period, start the so-called "receiver binding" process for the receiver to the currently active model memory with a brief tap on the center SET key of the right touch pad. At this time, the screen's display will blend in a message window for the duration of the "binding" process.

Model name

Stick mode

n/a

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

Info

n/a

Module

bind

HoTT

Graubele 1234g/111111

SEL

BD1

BD2

BD3

BD4

FINDING...

If the receiver's LED, again blinking red, changes within about 10 seconds to continuous illumination in green, the binding process has been successfully completed. Your model-memory to receiver combination is now operationally ready. At this time the screen will now display " bind " (bound) instead of "n/a" (not attached).

78 Detail program description - Base setup models | Winged models

Model name

Stick mode

bind

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

Info

n/a

Module

bind

HoTT

Graubele 1234g/111111

SEL

BD1

BD2

BD3

BD4

On the other hand, should the LED on the receiver blink red for longer than about 10 seconds, the binding process has failed. In this case the screen will continue to show the status as "n/a". If this should happen, try changing the position of antennas then repeat the entire procedure.

Binding other receivers

The binding channel you have chosen is already bound (as indicated by the "bind" status). with another binding channel. After initiating the RF bind process, instead of displaying "BINDING", the message shown below appears.

Model name

Stick mode

geb.

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

Info

n/a

Module

geb.

HoTT

Graubele 1234g/111111

SEL

BD1

BD2

BD3

BD4

off

is turned

Drop down two lines in the screen and switch off the RF module as described on the page in section "RF module". Afterward, return again to the "Module" line and restart the binding process as described above.

Alternatively, the transmitter can be switched off brieﬂ y then, after switching it back on again, respond to the message window that appears …

OFFON

Please select

RF on/off?

… with "OFF" …

Please select

RF on/off?

OFF

… then conﬁ rm the selection with a brief tap on the center SET key of the right touch pad. From the base screen jump again into the "Module" line of the »Basic settings, model« menu and restart the binding process.

Dissolving a bond

Proceed as described above to initiate the binding process but WITHOUT ﬁ rst putting a receiver in binding readiness.

EXT. PPM

Important notice: With the activation of the value ﬁ eld in the context of the following described changeover, any existing bonds to HoTT receivers which may be effective for the currently active model memory will be lost.

Activate the ﬁ rst value ﬁ eld in the "Module" line with a tap on the center

SET key of the right touch pad then

use the selection keys to choose "EXT. PPM" instead of "HoTT". In parallel with the selection of "EXT. PPM", the other four value ﬁ elds will be replaced by the type of modulation pre-selected in the line »DSC Output«, see page 81.

Model name

Stick mode

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

Info

Module

Graubele

1234g/111111

SEL

PPM10

EXT. PPM

This change also suppresses the lines for the options (described below): »HoTT«, »Rcv Ch Map«, »RF module« and »RF range test« and, in the basic display, "PPM" will be displayed instead of "HoTT".

#01

0:00h

Stop watch Flight tim

K78

0:00.0

4.1V

0:00.0

RX VOLT:0.0v

00:00h

PPM

Graubele

H-J Sandbrunner

Receiver channel mapping

As long as there is at least one "bound" receiver in the "Module" line, the next line down will be the "Rcv Ch map" line.

Model name

Stick mode

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

Info

Graubele

1234g/111111

SET SET SET SET

Rcv Ch map R16 R08

n/a

As mentioned in the introduction to the "Binding receivers" section, this menu item of the mc-32 HoTT offers both the opportunity to freely divide up the transmitter's control channels within a receiver as well as the opportunity to distribute the transmitter's 16

Detail program description - Base setup models | Winged models

control channels across as many as four receivers. This redistribution is subsequently referred to as "mapping" or "channel mapping" (channel correlation). Select the receiver to be "mapped" with the selection keys of the left or right touch pad then tap brieﬂ y on the center

SET key of the right touch pad.

Channel mapping within a receiver

Analogous to the channel correlation function in the »Telemetry« menu on page 232, described as "Channel Mapping", it is very simple to use this menu item to freely assign the transmitter's control channels present on the receiver's inputs to any speciﬁ c receiver outputs (servo connections) for the bound receiver designated by the column labeled BD1.

RECEIVER CHANNEL MAP BIND1 Rx Input Ch 1 Rx Input Ch 2 Rx Input Ch 3 Rx Input Ch 4

Rx Output Ch 1 Rx Output Ch 2 Rx Output Ch 3 Rx Output Ch 4

After selection of the desired output with the selection keys of the left or right touch pad, the appropriate value ﬁ eld will be framed. Brieﬂ y tap on the center

SET key of the right touch pad. The current setting

will be displayed in inverse video. Now use the selection keys of the right touch pad to select the desired input channel's respective transmitter output, see page 218.

Note: The number of lines available in the list (outputs) corresponds to the maximum number of servos which can be attached to the given receiver.

BUT CAUTION: If, for example, "2AIL" has been speciﬁ ed in the "Aileron/camber ﬂ aps" line of the »Model type« menu then the transmitter will have allocated control function 2 (ailerons) to control

channels 2 & 5 for the left and right ailerons. The corresponding receiver inputs to be assigned in this case would be channels 2 & 5, refer to the example below.

Examples:

You would like to control each aileron of a large • model with two or more servos.

Assign each of the appropriate outputs (servo connections) to one and the same input (control channel). In this case, depending on left or right wing, as the respective input to one of the two default aileron control channels (2 or 5).

You would like to control the rudder of a large • model with two or more servos.

Assign each of the appropriate outputs (servo connections) to one and the same input (control channel). In this case, the default rudder channel (4), see ﬁ gure bottom right.

Important notice:

The

mc-32 HoTT transmitter's »Tx. output swap«

option permits the transmitter's 16 control functions to be freely swapped in a similar manner or even permits multiple outputs to be assigned to the same control function. To keep controls manageable, however, we strongly recommend using only one of the options at a time.

Channel assignment on other receivers

As already mentioned, the "Rcv Ch map" menu option can be used to freely distribute the mc-32 HoTT transmitter's 16 control channels across up to four receivers, whereby the numbering of outputs (servo connections) as well as the maximum number of available lines (outputs) will correspond to the maximum number of servo connections available on the given receiver.

RECEIVER CHANNEL MAP BIND2 Rx Input Ch 16 Rx Input Ch 16 Rx Input Ch 16 Rx Input Ch 16

Rx Output Ch 1 Rx Output Ch 2 Rx Output Ch 3 Rx Output Ch 4

After selection of the desired output with the selection keys of the left or right touch pad, the respective input ﬁ eld will be framed. Tap the center SET key of the right touch pad. The current setting will be displayed in inverse video. Now select the desired input channel with the selection keys of the right touch pad. For example, suitable to the above rudder example.

RECEIVER CHANNEL MAP BIND2 Rx Input Ch 4 Rx Input Ch 4 Rx Input Ch 4 Rx Input Ch 4

Rx Output Ch 1 Rx Output Ch 2 Rx Output Ch 3 Rx Output Ch 4

Note: The number of lines available in the list (outputs) corresponds to the maximum number of servos which can be attached to the given receiver.

RF transmit

This menu line provides an option for manually switching the transmitter's RF transmission on and off to speciﬁ c models while the transmitter is in operation. For example, to save power while a model is being programmed. If this line option was set to

OFF, it will be canceled (i.e. set to ON) the next time the transmitter is switched on.

If necessary, use the  selection keys of the left or right touch pad to move into the " RF transmit " line

80 Detail program description - Base setup models | Winged models

then activate the option with a brief tap on the center

SET button of the right touch pad.

Stick mode Module

bind

n/a

HoTT

SET SET SEL SET

Rcv Ch Map R16 R08

n/a

RF transmit on

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

The right selection keys can now be used to choose between OFF and ON. Another tap on the center SET key of the right touch pad will conclude the entry.

Range test

The built-in range test reduces transmission power to an extent that a functional test can be carried out even within a distance of less than 100 m.

Perform a range test on the Graupner HoTT system according to the following instructions. If necessary, have someone assist you in carrying out the range test.

Preferably, the receiver already bound to the 1. transmitter should be installed into the model in its intended position.

Switch remote control on and wait for the green 2. LED to light up on the receiver/s. Now servo movements can be observed.

Place the model on a level surface (pavement, 3. low-cut grass or bare ground) such that receiver antennas are at least 15 cm above ground level. It may be necessary to put something under the model to raise it up enough for this.

Hold the transmitter at hip level and at some 4. distance from one's body. Do not point the antenna directly at the model but rather turn and/ or kink the antenna's end so that it is oriented vertically during the test.

If necessary, use the 5.  selection keys of the left or right touch pad to reach the "RF range test" line in the menu then start range test mode with a tap on the center

SET key of the right touch pad.

Module

bind

n/a

HoTT

SET SET SEL SET

Rcv Ch Map R16 R08

n/a

n/a RF transmit on RF range test 99s

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

When the range test has been initiated, the transmitter's transmission power will be signiﬁ cantly reduced and the LED just to the right of the main switch on the transmitter, marked RF, will begin to blink; this will also be accompanied by acoustic tones. At the same time, the timer in the transmitter's display will start counting down and every 5 seconds a two-frequency tone will sound.

Five seconds prior to the end of the range test a three-frequency tone will sound once every second. After expiration of the range test's 99th second the transmitter will again be switched to full output power and the LED just to the right of the main switch on the transmitter will again illuminate constantly.

Move away from the model while manipulating 6. the joysticks during this timespan. If you notice an interruption anytime while still within a distance of about 50 m, try to reproduce this malfunction.

If there is a motor in the model, it may be necessary 7. to switch it on to further check noise immunity.

Continue moving away from the model until 8. perfect control is no longer possible.

Wait at this distance for the remainder of the test 9. period with the still-operationally-ready model to expire. After the range test is ended it should

again respond correctly to all RC controls. If this is not 100 % the case, do not use the system. Contact your area's Graupner GmbH & Co. KG service partner.

Perform the range test before each ﬂ ight and, in 10. doing so, simulate all servo movements which also take place during ﬂ ight. The range must always be at 50 m on the ground in order to assure safe model operation.

Caution: Never start the range test on the transmitter during normal operation of the model.

DSC output

If necessary, use the  selection keys of the left or right touch pad to switch to the "DSC Output" line then, with a brief tap on the center

SET key of the

right touch pad, activate the value window:

SET SET SEL SET

Rcv Ch Map R16 R08

n/a

n/a RF transmit on RF range test 99s DSC Output PPM10

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

Now you can use the right selection keys to choose between four types of modulation "PPM10", "PPM16", "PPM18" and "PPM24". Touch the center SET key of the right touch pad again to complete the entry.

This choice primarily inﬂ uences the maximum number of control channels which can be attached to the DSC (direct servo control) socket, and thus also available to a ﬂ ight simulator or teacher/pupil system. By selecting "PPM10" this will be control channels 1 … 5, for "PPM16" channels 1 … 8, for "PPM18" channels 1 … 9 and for "PPM24" channels 1 … 12.

Detail program description - Base setup models | Winged models

Motor cutoff (Thr. CutOff)

Note: This menu line is suppressed if "None" or "None/inv" is selected for the "Motor on C1" line.

Depending on the "idle forward or back" choice made in the "Motor on C1" line of the »Model type« menu, this motor "cut off" option can be coupled to a switch for throttling down a speed controller or to move a servo on the carburetor of a motor to the OFF position. This option not only replaces the"Cut-off trim" function known from other Graupner mc and mx transmitters but also serves as an EmergencyOFF function at the same time, which was not possible with the"Cut-off trim" function.

This motor OFF position (Thr. CutOff) is speciﬁ ed in the left column ﬁ eld over the column label SEL and its value is to be established through trial and error.

A speed controller or throttle servo will only take on this preset position when a certain servo position or threshold is underrun and a switch is activated. This is done by setting the desired servo position (threshold value) into the middle column ﬁ eld, directly over the column label STO, then selecting the appropriate ON/OFF switch function in the right column.

If the percentage value speciﬁ ed for the middle • column is greater than the current servo position, i.e. the current servo position lies below the threshold, the switchover will occur as soon as the switch is put into its ON position.

If the percentage value speciﬁ ed for the middle • column is less than the current servo position, i.e. the current servo position is above the threshold, the speed controller will initially reduce motor speed or close the carburetor's throttle servo only to the extent dictated by the value in the left column as soon as the servo's position once underruns the threshold (max. +150 %) after the

switch is changed over to its ON position. The speed controller or throttle servo will remain in

this cut-off position only until the selected switch is again changed over followed by a one-time throttle servo or speed controller movement beyond the preset threshold with the throttle/brake joystick control.

The factory setting for the left column is -100 % for the throttle servo "cut-off" position and a threshold of +150 % servo position setting in the middle column.

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

SEL SET STO SET

RF transmit on RF range test 99s DSC Output PPM10

–––

Thr. CutOff +150%–100%

Programming procedure

To change the throttle servo's preset "cut-off" position, tap on the center SET key of the right touch pad. The current setting will be displayed in inverse video. Now use the selection keys of the left or right touch pad to set a value at which the motor is reliably "off". If a combustion motor is involved, be sure the throttle servo does not perform mechanical runout, e.g. -125 %.

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

SEL SET STO SET

RF transmit on RF range test 99s DSC Output PPM10

–––

Thr. CutOff +150%–125%

The – upper – preset value in the middle column ensures the motor can be stopped, throughout the

maximum possible positioning range of the servo or speed controller, alone by the switch to be assigned in the right column.

However, if you wish to set a lower threshold, by which an underrun will cause the throttle servo or speed controller with closed switch to switch into the cut-off position, reduce the preset servo travel from +150 % by placing the throttle servo or speed controller into the desired position with the throttle/ brake joystick then touch the center

SET key of the

right touch pad.

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

SEL SET STO SET

RF transmit on RF range test 99s DSC Output PPM10

–––

Thr. CutOff +150%–125%

Finally, use the column at the right to specify a switch with which you can cut off the motor directly (emergency) or which will be activated by the threshold.

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

SEL SET STO SET

RF transmit on RF range test 99s DSC Output PPM10 Thr. CutOff +100%

–125%

Notes:

Be sure the throttle servo does not run out • mechanically when the cut-off function is activated.

A threshold over +100 % is reached by temporarily • increasing the travel for servo 1 in the »Servo adjustment« menu to over 100 % then, after storing the threshold, change servo travel back to

82 Detail program description - Base setup models | Winged models

the original value.

Power-on warning

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

SET SET

RF range test 99s DSC Output PPM10 Motor Stop +100%

–125%

Thr. CutOff

–––

When a switch, a control switch or a logical switch is assigned in this line as described in the section "Assigning transmitter controls, switches and control switches" on page 56, the respective switch or control position will be polled and an appropriate warning will be blended into the basic display under some conditions. In combination with logical switches, almost any switch setting can be called up for transmitter switch on.

#01

0:00h

Stoppuhr Flugzeit

K78

0:00.0

4.1V

0:00.0

00:00h

!Warning!

Graubele

H-J Sandbrunner

Auto trim

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

SET SET

DSC Output PPM10 Thr. CutOff +100%

–125%

Power on warning

Auto trim –––

The "Auto trim" option makes it possible to trim a model quickly and without complications, e.g. in the context of a ﬁ rst-ﬂ ight or even after (major) repairs, etc.

Typically such test ﬂ ights are initially ﬂ own with joysticks counter operated until the desired state of ﬂ ight is achieved. This generally involves working the trim controls during the ﬂ ight to "unburden" the joysticks.

This is exactly what the "Auto trim" function is for. After the desired ﬂ ight attitude has been achieved via control functions 2 … 4 (aileron, elevator and rudder), the switch assigned to "Auto trim" – ideally one of the standard-equipment momentary switches in the switch panels – is to be activated ONCE. At the instant the switch is activated, the joystick offsets from their neutral positions will be determined and adopted as trim values. However, this does not take place instantaneously but rather within about 1 second. During this period after the switch has been activated, the joysticks should be returned to their normal positions.

Notes:

Due to the complex interaction inherent to multi-• ﬂ ap models, the Auto trim function for ailerons is deactivated if "2AIL 2FL" and "2AIL 4FL" or "4AIL 2FL" and "4AIL 4FL" is selected in the "Aileron/camber ﬂ aps" line of the »Model type« menu.

Be sure that during the switch assignment, the • joysticks for aileron, elevator and rudder are in

their neutral positions as otherwise their offsets from neutral will be adopted right away in trim memory as the trim value.

Since EVERY activation of the Auto trim switch • has a cumulative effect, after concluding an "auto trim" ﬂ ight, the assigned auto trim switch should be deactivated for reasons of safety. Otherwise there is a residual danger that the "Auto trim" function could be activated accidentally.

ext. PPM signal

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

SET SET

Thr. CutOff +100%–125%

8 Power on warning L1 Auto trim ––– ext. PPM signal normal

SEL

Some RF modules which can be connected to the external (page 25) or internal (page 26) connectors for other RF modules require an inverted input signal. Be sure to follow the respective module's installation instructions for this.

The choice of "inverted" instead of the default preset "normal" allows for appropriate adaptation of the provided PPM signal.

A simultaneous tap on the  or  keys of the right touch pad (CLEAR) will reset the display to "normal".

For your notes

Auto timer reset

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

SET SET

Power on warning L1 Auto trim ––– ext. PPM signal normal

SEL

Auto timer reset yes

The "yes/no" setting made in this line determines whether or not all of the transmitter's timers (except for "Model time" and "Transmitter operating time") are automatically reset to their given starting values when the transmitter is switched on.

A simultaneous tap on the  or  keys of the right touch pad (CLEAR) will reset the display to "yes".

84 Detail program description - Base setup models | Winged models

Before programming speciﬁ c parameters, there are some basic settings to be made which effect the currently active model memory.

Use the selection keys of the left or right touch pad to select the »Basic settings, model« menu …

Model select

Servo adjustment

Stick mode

Control adjust

Dual Rate / Expo

Channel 1 curve

Switch display

Copy / Erase

Suppress codes

Suppress models

Base setup model

Helicopter type

… then tap the center SET key of the right touch pad.

Model name

Stick mode

n/a

BASIC SETTINGS,MODEL

Info

n/a



Module

bind

HoTT

!"#$%&’()

Model name

Starle

@ACDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[¥]^_

?+,–./0123456789:;

¢ЗьйвдаезклипомДЕЙжЖфцтыщЦЬ

`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~

Now the desired characters can be selected with the selection keys of the left touch pad. Move to the next position to select the next character with a tap on the  of the right touch pad or its center

SET key. A

simultaneous tap on the  or  keys of the right touch pad (CLEAR) will place a space character at the current position.

Positioning to any character position within the entry ﬁ eld can be done with the  keys of the right touch pad.

A return to the previous menu screen is accomplished with a tap on the center ESC key of the left touch pad.

A model name entered in this manner will appear in the base screen of the »Model select« menu and in the sub-menus of the »Copy / Erase« menu item.

Info

Model name

Stick mode

n/a

BASIC SETTINGS,MODEL

Info

n/a



Module

bind

HoTT

Starlet

Stick mode

“MODE 2” (Throttle at left stick)

“MODE 3” (Throttle at right stick)

“MODE 4” (Throttle at left stick)

“MODE 1” (Throttle at right stick)

pitch axis

tail rotor

pitch axis

tail rotor

throttle

roll

throttle

tail rotor

throttle throttle

pitch axis

roll

pitch axis

roll

Motor/Pitch

throttle

tail rotor

throttle

roll

pitch axis

tail rotor

Basically there are four different ways to assign the four helicopter control functions, roll, nick, tail rotor and throttle/pitch to the two joysticks. Just which of these is used depends on the preferences of the individual model pilot.

Use the  selection keys of the left or right touch pad to select the "Stick mode" line. The option ﬁ eld will be framed.

Model name

Stick mode

n/a

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

Info

n/a

Module

bind

HoTT

SEL

Starlet 1234g/111111

Tap on the SET key. The currently displayed stick mode will be displayed in inverse video. Now use the selection keys of the right touch pad to select from among options 1 through 4.

A simultaneous tap on the  or  keys of the right touch pad (CLEAR) will reset the display to stick mode "1".

Base setup model

Model-speciﬁ c base settings for helicopter models

Detail program description - Base setup models | Winged models

Another tap on the SET key will again deactivate option selection so a change to another line can be affected.

Module

Model name

Stick mode

n/a

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

Info

n/a

Module

bind

HoTT

Starlet

1234g/111111

SEL

BD1

BD2

BD3

BD4

HoTT system

Important notices:

When binding additional receivers, note that any • other –switched on– receivers already bound to the transmitter will fall into Fail-safe mode during the transmitter-side "binding" period.

"Binding" multiple receivers per model

However, in subsequent operation only one of these receivers will establish a telemetry bond to the transmitter; the one which was activated in the "TELEMETRY RCV" line of the »Telemetry« menu, for example:

TELEMETRY

SETTING & DATAVIEW SENSOR SELECT RF STATUS VIEW VOICE TRIGGER

TELEMETRY RCV

BIND. 1

"Binding" transmitter and receiver

ﬁ gure below, the marker frame is positioned above the column label "BD2" because the binding channel in the column labeled "BD1" is already in use by default for the receiver which was delivered with the set.

Model name

Stick mode

n/a

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

Info

n/a

Module

bind

HoTT

Starlet 1234g/111111

SEL

BD1

BD2

BD3

BD4

If not already off, now switch the receiver on. The red LED on the receiver will blink.

Model name

Stick mode

n/a

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

Info

n/a

Module

bind

HoTT

Starlet 1234g/111111

SEL

BD1

BD2

BD3

BD4

FINDING...

If the receiver's LED, again blinking red, changes within about 10 seconds to continuous illumination in green, the binding process has been successfully

86 Detail program description - Base setup models | Winged models

completed. Your model-memory to receiver combination is now operationally ready. At this time the screen will now display " bind " (bound) instead of "n/a" (not attached).

Model name

Stick mode

bind

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

Info

n/a

Module

bind

HoTT

Starlet 1234g/111111

SEL

BD1

BD2

BD3

BD4

Binding other receivers

The binding channel you have chosen is already bound (as indicated by the "bind" status). with another binding channel. If, after initiating the RF bind process, the message shown below appears in the screen instead of displaying "BINDING"

Model name

Stick mode

geb.

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

Info

n/a

Module

geb.

HoTT

Starlet 1234g/111111

SEL

BD1

BD2

BD3

BD4

off

is turned

Drop down two lines in the screen and switch off the RF module, as described several columns further below in the section "RF module". Afterward, return again to the "Module" line and restart the binding process as described on the previous page.

Alternatively you can brieﬂ y switch off the transmitter then, after switching it back on again, respond to the message window that appears …

OFFON

Please select

RF on/off?

… with "OFF" …

Please select

RF on/off?

OFF

Dissolving a bond

Proceed as described above to initiate the binding process but WITHOUT ﬁ rst putting a receiver in binding readiness.

EXT. PPM

Activate the ﬁ rst value ﬁ eld in the "Module" line with a tap on the center

SET key of the right touch pad then

use the selection keys to choose "EXT. PPM" instead

of "HoTT". In parallel with the selection of "EXT. PPM", the other four value ﬁ elds will be replaced by the type of modulation pre-selected in the line »DSC Output«, see page 88.

Model name

Stick mode

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

Info

Module

Starlet

1234g/111111

SEL

PPM10

EXT. PPM

#02

0:00h

Stop watch Flight tim

K78

0:00.0

4.1V

0:00.0

00:00h

Starlet

PPM

H-J Sandbrunner

Receiver channel mapping

Stick Mode Module

bind

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

bind

Info

n/a

HoTT

SET SET SET SET

2345g/090911

Rcv Ch Map R16 R08

n/a

Detail program description - Base setup models | Winged models

as the opportunity to distribute the transmitter's 16 control channels across as many as four receivers. This redistribution is subsequently referred to as "mapping" or "channel mapping" (channel correlation). Select the receiver to be "mapped" with the selection keys of the left or right touch pad then tap brieﬂ y on the center

SET key of the right touch pad.

Channel mapping within a receiver

RECEIVER CHANNEL MAP BIND1 Rx Input Ch 1 Rx Input Ch 2 Rx Input Ch 3 Rx Input Ch 4

Rx Output Ch 1 Rx Output Ch 2 Rx Output Ch 3 Rx Output Ch 4

After selection of the desired output with the selection keys of the left or right touch pad, the respective input ﬁ eld will be framed. Brieﬂ y tap the center SET key of the right touch pad: The current setting will be displayed in inverse video. Now use the selection keys of the right touch pad to select the desired input channel's respective transmitter output, see page 218.

Note: The number of lines available in the list (outputs) corresponds to the maximum number of servos which can be attached to the given receiver.

BUT CAUTION: If you wish to operate two servos with one control function, for example such as transmitter control function 2 (roll) which is divided up into control channels 1 & 2 for left and right roll

servos for the "3Sv(2Roll)" option in the »Heli type« menu; then "map" the corresponding transmitter outputs, in this case for channels 1 & 2 (= inputs to the receiver) accordingly.

Important notice:

The

mc-32 HoTT transmitter's »Tx. output swap«

Channel assignment on other receivers

RECEIVER CHANNEL MAP BIND2 Rx Input Ch 16 Rx Input Ch 16 Rx Input Ch 16 Rx Input Ch 16

Rx Output Ch 1 Rx Output Ch 2 Rx Output Ch 3 Rx Output Ch 4

RECEIVER CHANNEL MAP BIND2 Rx Input Ch 1 Rx Input Ch 2 Rx Input Ch 16 Rx Input Ch 16

Rx Output Ch 1 Rx Output Ch 2 Rx Output Ch 3 Rx Output Ch 4

Note: The number of lines available in the list (outputs) corresponds to the maximum number of servos which can be attached to the given receiver.

RF transmit

OFF, it will be canceled (i.e. set to ON) the next time the transmitter is switched on.

If necessary, use the  selection keys of the left or right touch pad to switch to the "RF module" line then, with a brief tap on the center SET key of the right touch pad, activate the value window:

Stick mode Module

bind

n/a

HoTT

SET SET SEL SET

Rcv Ch Map R16 R08

n/a

RF transmit on

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

The right selection keys can now be used to choose between OFF and ON. Another tap on the center SET key of the right touch pad will conclude the entry.

88 Detail program description - Base setup models | Winged models

of the main switch on the transmitter, marked RF, will begin to blink; this will also be accompanied by acoustic tones. At the same time, the timer in the transmitter's display will start counting down and every 5 seconds a two-frequency tone will sound.

If there is a motor in the model, it may be 7. necessary to switch it on to further check noise immunity.

Continue moving away from the model until 8. perfect control is no longer possible.

Wait at this distance for the remainder of the test 9. period with the still-operationally-ready model to expire. After the range test is ended it should again respond correctly to all RC controls. If this is not 100 % the case, do not use the system. Contact your area's Graupner GmbH & Co. KG service partner.

Caution: Never start the range test on the transmitter during normal operation of the model.

DSC output

If necessary, use the  selection keys of the left or right touch pad to switch to the "DSC Output" line then, with a tap on the center

SET key of the right

touch pad, activate the value window:

SET SET SEL SET

Rcv Ch Map R16 R08

n/a

n/a RF transmit on RF range test 99s DSC Output PPM10

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

Now you can use the right selection keys to choose between four types of modulation "PPM10", "PPM16", "PPM18" and "PPM24". Touch the center SET key of the right touch pad again to complete the entry.

Autorotation

Autorotation is that state of descending ﬂ ight in which the pitch of main rotor blades are set such that the rotor's speed matches the natural forces of air ﬂ owing through, like a windmill. This built-up energy can be used for "recovery" lift to brake a descent by appropriate blade pitch adjustment.

Autorotation is a means by which real and model helicopters are able to land safely in emergency situations, e.g. in the event of a motor failure. However, the prerequisite for this is a well-trained pilot familiar with the helicopter's characteristics. Quick reaction and good perceptiveness are necessary because the rotor's inertia can only be used once to generate recovery lift.

Range test

The built-in range test reduces transmission power to an extent that a functional test can be carried out even within a distance of less than 100 m.

Perform a range test on the Graupner HoTT system according to the following instructions. If necessary, have someone assist you in carrying out the range test.

Preferably, the receiver already bound to the 1. transmitter should be installed into the model in its intended position.

Switch remote control on and wait for the green 2. LED to light up on the receiver/s. Now servo movements can be observed.

If necessary, use the 5.  selection keys of the left or right touch pad to reach the "RF range test" line in the menu then start range test mode with a tap on the center SET key of the right touch pad.

Module

bind

n/a

HoTT

SET SET SEL SET

Rcv Ch Map R16 R08

n/a

n/a RF transmit on RF range test 99s

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

When the range test has been initiated, the transmitter's transmission power will be signiﬁ cantly reduced and the LED just to the right

Detail program description - Base setup models | Winged models

When this technique is evaluated during competitions, the motor must be switched off for autorotation. On the other hand, for training mode it is advantageous to keep the motor at idle for autorotation.

The Autorotation switch causes a switchover to the autorotation ﬂ ight phase in which control of "throttle" and "pitch" are separate and all mixers which have an effect on the throttle servo are switched off. Corresponding parameter settings are made in the »Helicopter mixer« (see text beginning page 176); refer also to the "Principle of the Auto. C1 Pos." topic which follows.

The "Autorotation" name is permanently assigned to phase 1 and it is included in the base screen of all ﬂ ight phase dependent menus. This name can NOT be changed. It is only possible to assign a switch to this option at the right of this display, as described on page

56. If a switch is assigned, it will have absolute

priority over all other ﬂ ight-phase switches.

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

SET SET

RF transmit on RF range test 99s DSC Output PPM10

–––

Autorotation

More about ﬂ ight-phase programming can be found in the text beginning on page 176 in the»Helicopter

mixer« section.

Autorotation C1 position

The autorotation ﬂ ight-phase can alternatively be activated by a threshold point for the C1 throttle/pitch joystick. To do this, use the  selection keys of the left or right touch pad to move into the "Autorot. C1-Pos." line.

As soon as this display line has been selected, its

value ﬁ eld, located above the column label STO will be framed.

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

STO SET

RF range test 99s DSC Output PPM10

–––

Autorotation Autorot. C1-Pos. 0%

–––

Move the C1 joystick into the desired threshold switchover position then tap the center SET key of the right touch pad. The current value will be displayed, e.g.:

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

STO SET

RF range test 99s DSC Output PPM10

–––

Autorotation Autorot. C1-Pos. -55%

–––

After this has been done, use the selection keys to move into the column above the switch symbol then assign a switch to this ﬁ eld, as described on page 56 in section "Switches, controls and control switches". Preferably one of the two self-restoring switches

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

STO SET

RF range test 99s DSC Output PPM10

–––

Autorotation Autorot. C1-Pos. –55%

Once this activation switch is closed, the ﬁ rst occurrence of a threshold underrun will cause the program to switch over to "Autorotation" and then

remain independent of C1 position in this ﬂ ight phase until the activating switch, in this example switch 4, is again "OFF".

"Autorot. C1-Pos." has precedence over all other ﬂ ight-phase switches.

Corresponding parameter settings for …

pitch servos• throttle servo• tail rotor servo• swashplate rotation, if available• gyro setting•

… are made in the »Helicopter mixer« menu, page 176.

Cut-off

Within the framework of autorotation settings for the

mc-32 HoTT transmitter's helicopter program,

there are parameters for an emergency "Thr. CutOff" of the throttle servo or motor actuator, refer to the programming proposal on page 314. However, this option is not available if an idle position is speciﬁ ed in the "Throttle position AR" line of the »Helicopter mixer« menu instead of an (emergency) OFF position; for example, to avoid restarting the motor after every landing during autorotation practice.

This option not only replaces the"Cut-off trim" function known from other Graupner mc and mx transmitters but also serves as an Emergency-OFF function at the same time, which was not possible with the"Cut-off trim" function.

Depending on the "forw./rear" choice made for the "Pitch min" line of the »Helicopter type« menu, this "Thr. CutOff" option can be coupled to a switch for throttling down a speed controller or a carburetor servo to the motor OFF (or idle) position.

This cut-off (or idle) position is speciﬁ ed in the left column's ﬁ eld, above the SEL column label, and its value is to be established through trial and error.

90 Detail program description - Base setup models | Winged models

The speed controller or throttle servo will remain in this cut-off position only until the selected switch is again changed over followed by a one-time throttle servo or speed controller movement beyond the preset threshold with the throttle/brake joystick control.

The factory setting for the left column is -100 % for the throttle servo "cut-off" position and a threshold of +150 % servo position setting in the middle column.

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

SET SET

DSC Output PPM10

–––

Autorotation Autorot. C1-Pos.

–––

SEL

STO

–––

Thr. CutOff +150%–100%

Programming procedure

To change the throttle servo's preset "cut-off" position, tap on the center SET key of the right touch pad. The current setting will be displayed in inverse video. Now use the selection keys of the left or right touch pad to set a value at which the motor is reliably "off" without a startup of the throttle servo. For example -125 %:

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

SET SET

DSC Output PPM10

–––

Autorotation Autorot. C1-Pos.

–––

SEL

STO

–––

Thr. CutOff +150%–125%

The – upper – preset value in the middle column ensures the motor can be stopped, throughout the maximum possible positioning range of the servo or speed controller, alone by the switch to be assigned in the right column.

However, if a lower threshold is preferred, at which an underrun will cause the throttle servo or speed controller with closed switch to enter the throttle cutoff position for a closed switch condition – by default the right-side proportional rotary slider – put the throttle/pitch joystick into the desired position then tap on the center

SET key of the right touch pad.

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

SET SET

DSC Output PPM10

–––

Autorotation Autorot. C1-Pos.

–––

SEL

STO

–––

Thr. CutOff +150%–125%

Finally, use the column at the right to specify a switch with which you can cut off the motor directly (emergency) or which will be activated by the threshold.

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

SET SET

DSC Output PPM10

–––

Autorotation Autorot. C1-Pos.

–––

SEL

STO

Thr. CutOff

+100%

–125%

Notes:

Be sure the throttle servo does not run out • mechanically when the cut-off function is activated.

A threshold over +100 % is reached by • temporarily increasing the travel for servo 1 in the »Servo adjustment« menu to over 100 % then, after storing the threshold, change servo travel back to the original value.

Detail program description - Base setup models | Winged models

Marking

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

SET SET

–––

Autorotation Autorot. C1-Pos.

–––

SEL

STO

Thr. CutOff

+100%

–125%

Marker key

–––

When activated, the "Marker key" will place a marker in the "Pitch" curve, as well as in the "Channel 1  Throttle" and "Channel 1  Tail rotor" mixer curves of the »Helicopter mixer« menu, to mark the current pitch joystick position of the pitch joystick and it takes on the form of a vertical dashed line. This marker is helpful for setting curve points at the right places during ﬂ ight testing, e.g. the hovering point

One of the two standard momentary contact switches mounted into the switch panels should be the preferred choice of switch assignment.

Example: The hovering point is to be placed at the midpoint of the throttle/pitch joystick for the «Hover» ﬂ ight phase but it is found to be still located above control middle during ﬂ ight testing. Press the switch in this position and, after the landing, examine, for example, the Pitch curve in the »Helicopter mixer« menu, page

176.

Pitch

Curve

off Point

Output

Input –30%

–30%

–

100

 O U T P U T

The continuous vertical line shows the joystick's

current position. Its position in this example lies at

-30 % (= input) of control travel and, because of its (still) linear control curve, produces an output signal which is also -30 % (= output).

On the other hand, the dashed vertical line represents the joystick position at which the marker switch was pushed.

Move the joystick to this marker line to read the input and output values for the found hovering point. The marker points of the other two mixer curves are read similarly. Now these three curves can be alternately modiﬁ ed as necessary in order to correct the hovering point. Curve point "1" in this simple example can be raised at the curve's midpoint to the output value that was determined to be the hovering point in the Pitch graph.

Power-on warning

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

SET SET

–––

Autorot. C1-Pos.

–––

SEL

STO

Thr. CutOff

+100%

–125%

Marker key

–––

Power on warning

When a switch, a control switch or a logical switch is assigned in this line, as described on page 56 in the section "Assigning transmitter controls, switches and control switches", the respective switch or control position will be polled when the transmitter is switched on and an appropriate warning will be blended into the basic display under some conditions. In combination with logical switches, almost any switch setting can be called up for transmitter switch on.

#02

0:00h

Stoppuhr Flugzeit

K78

0:00.0

4.1V

0:00.0

00:00h

!Warning!

Starlet

H-J Sandbrunner

Auto trim

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

SET SET

–––

SEL

STO

Thr. CutOff

+100%

–125% 8

Marker key

–––

Power on warning Auto trim

The "Auto trim" option makes it possible to trim a model quickly and without complications, e.g. in the context of a ﬁ rst-ﬂ ight or even after (major) repairs, etc.

92 Detail program description - Base setup models | Winged models

Notes:

Be sure that during the switch assignment, the • joysticks for aileron, elevator and rudder are in their neutral positions as otherwise their offsets from neutral will be adopted right away in trim memory as the trim value.

ext. PPM signal

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

SET SET

Power on warning

––– Auto trim ––– ext. PPM signal normal

SEL

Marker key –––

The choice of "inverted" instead of the default preset "normal" allows for appropriate adaptation of the provided PPM signal.

A simultaneous tap on the  or  keys of the right touch pad (CLEAR) will reset the display to "normal".

Auto timer reset

BASIC SETTING,MODEL

SET SET

Power on warning

––– Auto trim ––– ext. PPM signal normal

SEL

Auto timer reset yes

A simultaneous tap on the  or  keys of the right touch pad (CLEAR) will reset the display to "yes".

For your notes

94 Detail program description - Model type | Winged models

This "Model type" menu is used to establish the type of model to be programmed. This also activates all characteristic mixers, coupling functions, etc. in preparation for subsequent programming of the speciﬁ ed model type.

Model select

Servo adjustment

Stick mode

Control adjust

Dual Rate / Expo

Channel 1 curve

Switch display

Copy / Erase

Suppress codes

Suppress models

Base setup model

Model type

Brieﬂ y tap the center SET key of the right touch pad:

Motor at C1

After selecting the "Motor at C1" line with the  selection keys of the left and right touch pad, the corresponding entry ﬁ eld will be framed.

Tail type

Motor on C1

Normal

None

Aileron/camber flaps

1 AIL

M O D E L L T Y PE

Brake Offset Input 1+100%

SEL

Brieﬂ y tap the center SET key of the right touch pad: The current setting will be displayed in inverse video. Now use the selection keys of the right touch pad to select from among the following four options:

"none" For operation of a model without a

propulsion.

The warning "Throttle too high",

see page 30, is deactivated and the "Brake settings" sub-menu of the »Wing mixers« (beginning page 172) is available without any restrictions.

"Thr. min. rear": The idle position for the throttle/

brake ﬂ aps joystick (C1) is to the rear, i.e. toward the pilot.

The warning "Throttle too high", see

page 30, as well as the "Thr. CutOff" option in the »Basic settings, model« menu, see page 81, are activated and the "Brake settings" sub-menu of the »Wing mixers« menu, beginning page 172, will be available if the entry in the "Motor" column of the »Phase settings« menu, page 142, for the currently active ﬂ ight phase is "none".

"Thr. min. fwd.": The idle position for the throttle/

brake ﬂ aps control stick (C1) is at the front, i.e. away from the pilot.

The warning "Throttle too high", see

page 30, as well as the "Thr. CutOff" option in the »Basic settings, model« menu, see page 90, are activated and the "Brake settings" sub-menu of the »Wing mixers« menu, beginning page 172, will be available if the entry in the "Motor" column of the »Phase settings« menu, page 142, for the currently active ﬂ ight phase is "none".

Notes:

Be sure to pay attention during the • programming procedures that motors do not start up unintentionally. Disconnect the fuel supply or battery terminals to motors before programming.

C1 trimming will operate according to the choice • made between "normal" or only "back" or "fwd.", that is, either over the control's entire travel path or only in the respective idle direction.

Tail type

After selecting the »Tail type« line with the  selection keys of the left or right touch pad, the corresponding entry ﬁ eld will be framed.

Tail type

Motor on C1

Normal

None

Aileron/camber flaps

1 AIL

M O D E L L T Y PE

Brake Offset Input 1+100%

SEL

Brieﬂ y tap the center SET key of the right touch pad: The current setting will be displayed in inverse video. Now select the type appropriate for the model with the selection keys of the right touch pad.

"normal": Elevators and rudder are each

operated by a single servo.

"V-tail": Elevator and rudder control is

affected by way of two separate, articulated, V-shaped rudders. The coupling function for rudder and elevator control will be automatically taken over by the program. The relationship of rudder-to-elevator proportion is set in the »Dual Rate / Expo« menu, page 120, and servo travel in the »Servo adjustment« menu, page 102.

If, beyond this, there is a desire to

also make differentiation for rudder throw then the V-tail should be alternatively controlled via the »Dual mixer« menu, page 206. In this case however, the tail type entry speciﬁ ed here must be "normal".

"ELEVON": Aileron and elevator control is

operated by one or two servos

Model type

Establishing winged aircraft model type

Detail program description - Model type | Winged models

per wing half. However, elevator trimming is also affected by selecting the "2AIL 2FL" option – see below – but only on servos 2 & 3.

"2ELSv3+8": This option is intended for models

with two elevator servos. The servo connected to output 8 will operate in parallel with servo 3 to actuate elevators. Elevator trim affects both servos.

Note on "2ELSv3+8": One control, which assigns input 8 by way of the »Control adjust« menu, is then disconnected from servo "8" by software for reasons of safety i.e. it is made ineffective.

Aileron/camber ﬂ aps

After selecting the »Aileron/camber ﬂ aps« line with the  selection keys of the left or right touch pad, the corresponding entry ﬁ eld will be framed.

Tail type

Motor on C1

Normal

None

Aileron/camber flaps

1 AIL

M O D E L L T Y PE

Brake Offset Input 1+100%

SEL

Brieﬂ y tap the center SET key of the right touch pad: The current setting will be displayed in inverse video. Now use the selection keys of the right touch pad to select the number of wing servos to be programmed for the model.

Available Control channel used

1AIL 2

1AIL 1FL 2 | 6

In the majority of cases the default setting for "input 1" will remain as it is and the brake will be operated by way of the non-neutralizing C1 joystick.

However, use of input 7, 8 or 9 makes it possible to operate the brake in an alternative manner, even by way of a supplementary control, if the C1 stick is to be used for something else.

The neutral point (offset) can be set to any desired position. This is done by placing the control for input 1, 7, 8 or 9 into the position at which the landing ﬂ aps are to be retracted, i.e. closed, then setting this "Offset" point in the column above the column label STO.

The selection of this offset point in this context determines not only the control position at which the brake system is to be retracted, i.e. closed, but also also the activation direction of the C1 joystick for extending the brake system.

Brake offset values with a "+" preﬁ x will cause • ﬂ aps affected by the "Brake settings" option of the »Wing mixers« menu to be extended when the C1 joystick is moved from front to rear, in the direction of the pilot.

Brake offset values with a "-" preﬁ x will cause • ﬂ aps affected by the "Brake settings" option of the »Wing mixers« menu to be extended when the C1 joystick is moved from rear to front, in the direction away from the pilot.

If the offset point is not set at the far end of control element travel, the remainder of travel to the end point will be "free travel", i.e. this "free travel" will no longer inﬂ uence any mixer available for "Brake settings" in the »Wing mixers« menu. This idle path ensures that all brake settings remain at "neutral", even with minor deviations from the limit of the brake ﬂ ap control. At the same time, the effective control path is automatically spread to 100 %.

2AIL 2 & 5 2AIL 1FL 2 & 5 | 6 2AIL 2FL 2 & 5 | 6 & 7 2AIL 4FL 2 & 5 | 6 & 7 / 9 & 10

4QR 2WK 2 & 5 / 11 & 12 | 6 & 7

4AIL 4FL 2 & 5 / 11 & 12 | 6 & 7 / 9 & 10

Depending on the option selected here, the given mixers needed and their settings will be activated in the »Wing mixers« menu, beginning page 172.

Tips:

Settings for all wing ﬂ ap pairs (Al and Al2, FL and • FL2) can be trimmed on a ﬂ ight-phase basis in both the »Phase trim« menu as well as in the Wing mixers« menu, page 172.

The functionality of all wing ﬂ ap pairs (Al and Al2, • FL and FL2) can also be operated by way of the "Throttle/brake-ﬂ ap joystick" if this stick has not been assigned to other use, e.g. for certain brake settings, see »Wing mixers« menu, page 172. To conﬁ gure this it is only necessary to assign "Control 1" to input 6 in the »Control adjust« menu, page 108. (If it is preferable to operate ﬂ aps with switches, one of the transmitter's two or three position switches are good for this purpose.)

Brake Offset

This function not only has potential for gliders and electric models but also for models with combustion motors and landing ﬂ aps.

The mixers described in the »Brake settings« line of the »Wing mixers« menu can be operated by the C1 joystick ("input 1") or another transmitter operating element which has been assigned to input 7, 8 or 9 in the »Control adjust« menu. In this latter case, retain the "GL" default setting for the "Type" column in the »Control adjust« menu so the selected control can operate independent of ﬂ ight phase.

96 Detail program description - Model type | Winged models

Tail type

Motor on C1

Normal

None

Aileron/camber flaps

1 AIL

M O D E L L T Y PE

Brake Offset Input 1+90%

SEL

Tip: Preferably, the servo intended for operating any airbrake ﬂ aps that may be on the model should be connected to the receiver output operated by the brake input channel, e.g. connect airbrake servo onto (free) receiver output 8 if input 8 has been chosen for the "brake", etc. A second airbrake servo is most conveniently operated by way of a free mixer.

For your notes

98 Detail program description - Helicopter type

Helicopter type

Establishing helicopter model type

Model select

Servo adjustment

Stick mode

Control adjust

Dual Rate / Expo

Channel 1 curve

Switch display

Copy / Erase

Suppress codes

Suppress models

Base setup model

Helicopter type

Brieﬂ y tap the center SET key of the right touch pad:

Swashplate type

Control of the swashplate will require an appropriate program variant which corresponds to the number of servos operating pitch control.

In the meantime this selection is also inﬂ uenced by the type of control exercised on swashplate servos. Since Flybar systems generally do not require transmitter-side swashplate mixers, when such a system is in use, "1 Servo" is generally to be selected as the swashplate type, regardless of the actual number of swashplate servos present. In this

context, be sure the Flybar system complies with the included adjustment instructions as otherwise there is a risk the helicopter will not ﬂ y.

After selecting the »Swashplate type« line with the  selection keys of the left or right touch pad, the entry ﬁ eld will be framed.

Linearis. swashpl.

Swashplate type

1 Servo

Rotor direction

right

HELTYPE

Pitch min. rear

SEL

Brieﬂ y tap the center SET key of the right touch pad. The current setting for number of pitch servos will be displayed in inverse video. Now choose the variant needed with the selection keys of the right touch pad.

"1 Servo": A Flybar system is in use or the

swashplate is tipped with one servo each for roll and pitch-axis. Pitch control will be affected by one separate servo.

(Since helicopter models, like Flybar

systems, which are operated with only 1 pitch servo, neither need any of the three swashplate servos for pitch, pitch-axis and roll NOR the transmitter's mixer functions for pitch, pitch-axis and roll, the »Swashplate mixer« menu option will be suppressed in the Multifunction menu.)

"2 Servo": Two roll servos will displace the

swashplate axially to affect pitch control; nick control will be decoupled by a mechanical compensation rocker.

"3Sv(2Roll)": Symmetric three-point control of

the swashplate with three, radially offset articulation points, each offset by 120 °, connected to one pitchaxis servo (front or rear) and two roll servos (left and right). All three servos push the swashplate axially to affect pitch control.

"3Sv (140°)": Asymmetrical three-point control of

the swashplate is affected at three articulation points connected to one nick servo (rear) and two roll servos (front left and right). All three servos push the swashplate axially to affect pitch control.

"3Sv (2Nick)": Symmetric three-point control as

described above but radially offset by 90°, one lateral roll servo and two pitch-axis servos, front and rear.

"4Sv (90°)": Four-point swashplate control

affected by two roll servos and two nick servos.

Simultaneous tap on the  or  keys of the right touch pad (CLEAR) will reset the option back to "1 Servo".

Swashplate type: 1 Servo

Swashplate type: 2 Servos

Detail program description - Helicopter type

Swashplate type: 3 Servos (2 Roll)

Swashplate type: 3 Servos (140°)

Swashplate type: 3 Servos (2 Nick)

Swashplate type: 4 Servos (90°) 2 Nick / 2 Roll

Note: Except for the "1 Servo" choice, swashplate mixer proportions must also be set in the»Swashplate mixer« menu, page 208.

Swashplate linearizion

After selecting the »Linearis. swashpl.« line with the  selection keys of the left or right touch pad, the entry ﬁ eld will be framed.

Linearis. swashpl.

Swashplate type

1 Servo

Rotor direction

right

HELTYPE

Pitch min. rear

SEL

The "yes" entry will prevent undesired side effects such as pitch change due to a roll function or tension between swashplate servo rods.

This type of tension can arise when effected servos strain for different displacement positions due to travel which deviates from one another.

Linearizing will require a bit of familiarization on the part of the pilot because, in order to linearize the entire rotation travel of the servo arm, servo travel is reduced in small control movements – similar to a pronounced exponential setting.

Rotor direction

After selecting the »Rotor direction« line with the  selection keys of the left or right touch pad, the entry ﬁ eld will be framed.

Linearis. swashpl.

Swashplate type

1 Servo

Rotor direction

right

HELTYPE

Pitch min. rear

SEL

After a tap on the center SET key, the main rotor's direction of rotation is entered in the »Rotor direction«

line with the selection keys of the right touch pad: "right": The main rotor turns clockwise when

viewed from above.

"left": The main rotor turns counter-clockwise

when viewed from above.

A simultaneous tap on the  or  keys of the right touch pad (CLEAR) will set the option to "right".

right-

turning

leftturning

This entry is necessary for the correct orientation of torque and power compensation mixer settings made in the »Helicopter mixer« menu:

Pitch, Channel 1  Throttle, Channel 1  Tail rot., Tail rotor  Throttle Roll  Throttle Roll  Tail rot. Pitch  Throttle, Pitch-axis  Throttle Pitch-axis  Tail rotor

100 Detail program description - Helicopter type

Pitch min

After selecting the »Pitch min.« (pitch minimum) line with the  selection keys of the left or right touch pad, the entry ﬁ eld will be framed.

Linearis. swashpl.

Swashplate type

1 Servo

Rotor direction

right

HELTYPE

Pitch min. rear

SEL

The »Pitch min.« line is used to adapt the actuation direction of the throttle/pitch joystick to personal control preferences. All other helicopter program options which involve throttle and pitch functions, e.g. throttle curve, idle trimming, tail rotor mixer, etc., are dependent on this setting.

Tap the center SET key of the right touch pad. The operating direction of the throttle/pitch joystick will be displayed in inverse video. Now choose the variant needed with the selection keys of the right touch pad.

Pitch

These mean: "fwd.": minimum pitch setting when the pitch

joystick (C1) is "forward", i.e. away from the pilot.

"rear": minimum pitch setting when the pitch

joystick (C1) is "back", i.e. toward the pilot.

A simultaneous tap on the  or  keys of the right touch pad (CLEAR) will set this option to "rear".

Notes:

C1 trimming affects only the throttle servo. • The so-called "throttle limit" is set by default, see •

text beginning page 117, by way of input "GL16" in the »Control adjust« menu with which the throttle servo can be limited, independent of the pitch servo, in the full throttle direction.

Since a given user's models will typically be • operated with the same pitch-min direction, this speciﬁ cation can be conveniently preselected in the "transmitter-speciﬁ c" »General basic settings« menu, page 259. This speciﬁ cation will then be adopted automatically when a new model memory is created in the »Helicopter type« menu but, if desired, can be adapted on a model-speciﬁ c basis as described.

Expo throttle limit

After selecting the »Expo throttle lim.« line with the  selection keys of the left or right touch pad, the entry ﬁ eld will be framed.

Linearis. swashpl.

Rotor direction

right

HELTYPE

Pitch min. rear

SEL

Expo throttle lim. 0%

The "Throttle limit" function described in the »Control adjust« menu, see page 117, can be assigned an exponential characteristic curve.

A pitch progression rate between -100 % and +100 % can be set with the selection keys.

For example, it is practical to have the throttle limit – by default, the right-side proportional rotary slider – also regulate the idle setting. Further details about the throttle limit can be found in the text for the »Control adjust« menu beginning page 112.

An example of two exponential

throttle limit curve characteristics

for 100 % servo travel.

continuous line:

negative exponential values;

dashed line:

positive exponential values

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Throttle limit warning

Rotor direction

right

HELTYPE

Pitch min. rear

SEL

Expo throttle lim. 0% Thr. limit warning –70%

If the carburetor is open too far when the transmitter is switched on, an acoustic warning will be sounded and a warning will be presented in the display.

Throttle too high!

The »Thr. limit warning« option permits the setting of a variable for the critical position of the throttle servo between 0 % and -100 %, above which the warning will be issued. The reference point for this option is the "fwd." or "rear" Pitch min. joystick position set in this menu.

GRAUPNER mc-32 Programming Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual