Fujitsu MAA3182FC, MAF3364FC Series, MAG3091FC Series, MAG3182FC Series Series Manual

MAA3182FC SERIES

MAF3364FC SERIES

MAG3091FC, MAG3182FC SERIES

DISK DRIVES

FIBRE CHANNEL INTERFACE SPECIFICATIONS

C141-E054-02EN

FOR SAFE OPERATION

Handling of This manual

This manual contains important information for using this product. Read thoroughly before
using the product. Use this product only after thoroughly reading and understanding
especially the section “Important Alert Items” in this manual. Keep this manual handy, and
keep it carefully.

FUJITSU makes every effort to prevent users and bystanders from being injured or from
suffering damange to their property. Use the product according to this manual.

Functional Limitations

There may be certain functional limitations concerning the specifications and functions of the
products covered by this manual depending on the equipment version, especially concerning
the following functions.

Versions in which there functions can be used will be communicated through
“ENGINEERING CHANGE REQUEST/NOTICE”, issued by Fujitsu.

Function Equipment Version Which Supports These Functions

Equipment
Version No.

EPROM
Version No.

Standard INQUIRY Data Product
Revision (ASCII)

READ RAM Command

WRITE RAM
Command

These commands cannot be used in the current version.

(Proceed to the Copyright Page)

C141-E054-02EN i

Related Standards

Specifications and functions of products covered by this manual comply with the following
standards.

Standard (Text) No. Name Enacting

NCITS TR-19 FIBRE CHANNEL PRIVATE LOOP

ANSI X3. 230-1994 FIBRE CHANNEL PHYSICAL AND

ANSI X3. 297-1996 FIBRE CHANNEL PHYSICAL AND

ANSI X3. 272-199x FIBRE CHANNEL ARBITRATED

ANSI X3. 269-199x FIBRE CHANNEL PROTOCOL FOR

SCSI DIRECT ATTACH (FC-PLDA)

SIGNALING INTERFACE (FC-PH)

SIGNALING INTERFACE-2 (FC-PH-2)

LOOP (FC-AL)

SCSI (SCSI-FCP)

Organization

American National
Standards Institute
(ANSI)
American National
Standards Institute
(ANSI)
American National
Standards Institute
(ANSI)
American National
Standards Institute
(ANSI)
American National
Standards Institute
(ANSI)

All Rights Reserved, Copyright  1999 Fujitsu, Limited

C141-E054-02ENii

REVISION RECORD

Edition Date

published
01 April, 1998
02 May, 1999

Revised contents

Specification No.: C141-E054-**EN

The contents of this manual is subject to
change without prior notice.

All Rights Reserved.
Copyright  1999
FUJITSU LIMITED

C141-E054-02EN iii

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This manual explains concerning the MAA3182FC (hereinafter described as MAA31xxFC),
MAF3364FC (hereinafter described as MAF33xxFC), MAG3091FC, MAG3182FC
(hereinafter described as MAG3xxxFC) series 3.5 inch hard disk drives with internal Fibre
channel controller.

The purpose of this manual is to provide the specifications and functions of Fibre channel (FC)
for use of these magnetic disk drives incorporated into user systems, and to present the
information necessary for creating host system software. This manual is written for users who
have a basic knowledge of hard disk drives and their use in computer systems.

The composition of manuals related to these disk drives and the range of subjects covered in
this manual are shown in “Manual Organization,” provided on a subsequent page. Please use
these other manuals along with this manual as necessary.

Composition and Contents of This Manual

This manual is composed of the six chapters shown below, a glossary and a list of
abbreviations.

Chapter 1 Fibre Channel Interface

PREFACE

This chapter describes the topology, physical and electrical requirements, interface protocol,
and other operations of the Fibre channel (FC) interface which connects the MAA31xxFC,
MAF33xxFC, MAG3xxxFC.

Chapter 2 Command Processing

This chapter describes the basic logical specifications related to Fibre channel processing.

Chapter 3 Data Buffer Management

This chapter describes the data buffer configuration, data transfer processing functions and
cache operations.

Chapter 4 Command Specifications

This chapter describes detailed command specifications and how to use them.

Chapter 5 Sense Data and Error Recovery Methods

This chapter describes the configuration and contents of sense data which report to the host
system when an error occurs, etc., key information necessary for error recovery, recommended
procedures for error recovery to be executed through host system software and retry
processing.

Chapter 6 Disk Media Management

This chapter describes the procedure for initializing the disk media, methods of treating media
defects and data recovery methods.

C141-E054-02EN v

Glossary

The glossary explains technical terms which are necessary to the reader’s understanding when
reading this manual.

List of Abbreviations

This list shows the full spelling of abbreviations used in this manual.

The model name of disk drives covered by this manual differs in its ending suffix (Note 1)
depending on its device type (three types), the electrical conditions of the Fibre channel
interface used to connect the disk drive to the host system and its capacity and data format at
the time it was shipped, but in this manual, except in cases where models need to be especially
distinguished, a representative model name (Note 2) is used. In addition, these disk drives are
called Intelligent Disk Drive (IDD), “drive” or “device” in this manual.

Note 1: Model Name

M AF 3 364 FC

Interface type FC: Fibre Channel

Formatted capacity (100 MB units)

Warning Indications

The following warning indications are shown in this manual to prevent the user and other
nearby persons or property from being injured or damaged.

IMPORTANT

In the text, the alert signal is centered, followed below by the indented message. A wider line
space precedes and follows the alert message to show where the alert message begins and
ends. The following is an example:

(Example)

Before moving the drive, remove the optical disk cartridge to avoid
head or disk damage

Disk size 3: 3.5 inch

Type AA: 1.6 inch height, 7,200 rpm

AF: 1.6 inch height, 10,000 rpm
AG: 1 inch height, 10,000 rpm

This indicates information that could help the user use the product more
efficiently.

IMPORTAMT

vi C141-E054-02EN

Requesting for User’s Comments

Please use the User’s Comment Form attached to the end of this manual to identify user
comments including error, inaccurate and misleading information of this manual. Contact to
your Fujitsu representative for additional comment forms if required.

C141-E054-02EN vii

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viii C141-E054-02EN

Manual Organization

Product Manual

Interface Specifications

(This Manual)

Maintenance Manual

1. Outline

2. Specifications

3. Data Format

4. Installation Conditions

5. Installation Procedure

6. Diagnosis and Maintenance

1. Fibre Channel Interface

2. Command Processing

3. Data Buffer Management

4. Command Specifications

5. Sense Data and Error Recovery Methods

6. Disk Media Management

1. Specifications and Equipment Configuration

2. Maintenance and Diagnosis

3. Troubleshooting

4. Removal and Replacement Procedures

5. Operating Theory

C141-E054-02EN ix

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CONTENTS

page

CHAPTER 1 FIBRE CHANNEL INTERFACE ............................................................ 1-1

1.1 Topologies in Fibre Channel Interface........................................................................... 1-2

1.1.1 Node/Port....................................................................................................................... 1-3

1.1.2 Link................................................................................................................................ 1-3

1.1.3 Arbitrated Loop.............................................................................................................. 1-3

1.1.4 Port Bypass Circuit (BC)................................................................................................ 1-3

1.1.5 Encoding & Decoding.................................................................................................... 1-4

1.1.6 Buffer-to-buffer frame transfer....................................................................................... 1-4

1.2 Information Transmitted on the Loop ................................................................ ............ 1-5

1.2.1 Ordered Sets (Refer to FC-PH, Section 11.4).................................................................1-6

1.2.1.1 Primitive Signals................................................................ ............................................1-6

1.2.1.2 Frame Delimiters................................................................ ............................................1-6

1.2.1.3 Primitive Sequence......................................................................................................... 1-6

1.2.2 Frame Structure (Refer to FC-PH, Chapter 17).............................................................. 1-7

1.3 Physical Requirements, Electrical Requirements........................................................... 1-10

1.3.1 Interface connector......................................................................................................... 1-10

1.3.2 Signal function in SFF8045 mode.................................................................................. 1-12

1.3.3 Signal function in SFF8067 mode.................................................................................. 1-17

1.4 Drive Operation on the Loop ......................................................................................... 1-18

1.4.1 Loop Initialization.......................................................................................................... 1-18

1.4.2 Arbitration...................................................................................................................... 1-23

1.4.3 Communication between Initiator and Target................................................................ 1-24

1.5 Ordered Sets (Refer to FC-PH, Section 11.4 and FC-AL, Chapter 6) ............................ 1-26

1.6 Basic Link Service ......................................................................................................... 1-27

1.6.1 Abort Sequence (ABTS) ................................................................................................ 1-29

1.6.2 Basic Access (BA_ACC) ............................................................................................... 1-30

1.6.3 Basic Reject (BA_RJT)................................................................ ..................................1-31

1.7 Extended Link Service................................................................................................... 1-32

1.7.1 Port Login (PLOGI/PLOGI_ACC)................................................................................. 1-34

1.7.1.1 Port/Node Name format .................................................................................................1-35

1.7.1.2 Common Service Parameter........................................................................................... 1-36

1.7.1.3 Class 3 Service Parameter.............................................................................................. 1-38

C141-E054-02EN xi

1.7.2 Port Logout (LOGO/LOGO_ACC)................................................................................ 1-40

1.7.3 Process Login (PRLI/PRLI_ACC)................................................................................. 1-41

1.7.3.1 Service Parameter pages.................................................................................................1-42

1.7.3.2 Service Parameter Response pages................................................................................. 1-43

1.7.4 Process Logout (PRLO/PRLO_ACC)............................................................................ 1-45

1.7.4.1 Logout Parameter pages.................................................................................................1-46

1.7.4.2 Logout Parameter Response pages................................................................................. 1-47

1.7.5 Port Discovery (PDISC/PDISC_ACC)........................................................................... 1-48

1.7.6 Discover Address (ADISC/ADISC_ACC)................................................................ ..... 1-49

1.7.7 Reinstate Recovery Qualifier (RRQ/RRQ_ACC)........................................................... 1-50

1.7.8 Read Link Error Status Block (RLS/RLS_ACC) ........................................................... 1-51

1.7.9 Third Party Process Logout (TRRLO/TRRLO_ACC) ................................................... 1-52

1.7.9.1 Logout Parameter pages.................................................................................................1-53

1.7.10 Link Service Reject (LS_RJT) ....................................................................................... 1-54

1.8 Extended Link Service (Loop Initialization).................................................................. 1-56

1.8.1 Loop Initialization Select Master (LISM) ...................................................................... 1-57

1.8.2 Assign AL_PA frame (LIFA, LIPA, LIHA, LISA) ........................................................ 1-58

1.8.3 Position Map Information (LIRP, LILP)........................................................................1-59

1.9 FC-4 Device Data................................................................ ...........................................1-60

1.9.1 FCP CMND ................................................................................................................... 1-60

1.9.1.1 Control Field (FCP_CNTL) ........................................................................................... 1-62

1.9.1.2 Command Descriptor Block................................................................ ........................... 1-63

1.9.2 FCP XFER RDY................................................................ ............................................1-64

1.9.3 FCP DATA .................................................................................................................... 1-66

1.9.4 FCP RSP ........................................................................................................................1-69

1.9.4.1 FCP Status...................................................................................................................... 1-71

1.9.4.2 FCP Response Information ............................................................................................ 1-71

1.9.4.3 FCP Sense Information ..................................................................................................1-72

1.10 Errors on Loop (Refer to FP-PH, Section 29.9) ............................................................. 1-73

1.11 Enclosure Service Interface (ESI)................................................................................... 1-75

1.11.1 Mode deifinition process................................................................................................ 1-75

1.11.2 Discovery phase................................................................ .............................................1-76

1.11.3 COMMAND phase........................................................................................................ 1-77

1.11.4 READ/WRITE phase..................................................................................................... 1-78

1.11.5 SES sense codes............................................................................................................. 1-78

1.12 Public Loop.................................................................................................................... 1-79

xii C141-E054-02EN

1.13 Dual Loop ......................................................................................................................1-80

CHAPTER 2 COMMAND PROCESSING................................................................ ..... 2-1

2.1 Command Format .......................................................................................................... 2-1

2.2 Status Byte..................................................................................................................... 2-6

2.3 Outline of Command Processing.................................................................................... 2-8

2.3.1 Single commands................................................................ ...........................................2-8

2.3.2 Command link................................................................................................................ 2-14

2.4 Command Queuing Function................................................................ ......................... 2-15

2.4.1 Untagged queuing.......................................................................................................... 2-15

2.4.2 Tagged queuing.............................................................................................................. 2-15

2.5 UNIT ATTENTION Condition...................................................................................... 2-17

2.5.1 Generation of the UNIT ATTENTION condition .......................................................... 2-17

2.5.2 Response and Release Condition at UNIT ATTENTION Condition Hold State............2-17

2.5.3 UNIT ATTENTION condition multiple hold.................................................................2-18

2.6 Sense Data Hold State................................................................ ....................................2-19

2.7 Command Processing Exceptions.................................................................................. 2-19

2.7.1 Overlapping commands ................................................................................................. 2-19

2.7.2 Illegal LUN specification............................................................................................... 2-20

2.7.3 Reserved operation code ................................................................................................ 2-20

2.7.4 Command processing in the not ready state................................................................... 2-20

2.7.5 Error recovery processing .............................................................................................. 2-22

2.7.6 Reset processing............................................................................................................. 2-23

2.7.7 Fatal hardware errors...................................................................................................... 2-26

2.8 Data Block Addressing .................................................................................................. 2-27

2.8.1 Definition of data space.................................................................................................. 2-27

2.8.2 Logical block addressing................................................................................................ 2-29

CHAPTER 3 DATA BUFFER MANAGEMENT........................................................... 3-1

3.1 Data Buffer ....................................................................................................................3-1

3.1.1 Data buffer configuration and basic operation ............................................................... 3-1

3.1.2 Operation mode setting.................................................................................................. 3-5

3.2 Look-Ahead Cache Feature............................................................................................ 3-7

3.2.1 Caching operation.......................................................................................................... 3-7

3.2.2 Caching parameters........................................................................................................ 3-9

C141-E054-02EN xiii

3.2.3 Look-Ahead operation, Look-Ahead volume................................................................. 3-10

3.3 Write Cache.................................................................................................................... 3-11

CHAPTER 4 COMMAND SPECIFICATIONS............................................................. 4-1

4.1 Control/Sense Commands.............................................................................................. 4-1

4.1.1 TEST UNIT READY (00)..............................................................................................4-1

4.1.2 INQUIRY (12) ..............................................................................................................4-2

4.1.3 READ CAPACITY (25) ................................................................................................ 4-10

4.1.4 MODE SELECT (15) .................................................................................................... 4-12

4.1.5 MODE SELECT EXTENDED (55) .............................................................................. 4-61

4.1.6 MODE SENSE (1A) ..................................................................................................... 4-63

4.1.7 MODE SENSE EXTENDED (5A) ................................................................................4-69

4.1.8 REZERO UNIT (01) .....................................................................................................4-71

4.1.9 START/STOP UNIT (1B) ............................................................................................. 4-71

4.1.10 RESERVE (16) .............................................................................................................4-73

4.1.11 RESERVE EXTENDED (56)......................................................................................... 4-75

4.1.12 RELEASE (17) .............................................................................................................. 4-77

4.1.13 RELEASE EXTENDED (57)......................................................................................... 4-78

4.1.14 REQUEST SENSE (03)................................................................................................. 4-79

4.2 Data Access Commands................................................................ .................................4-81

4.2.1 READ (08) .................................................................................................................... 4-81

4.2.2 READ EXTENDED (28) .............................................................................................. 4-82

4.2.3 WRITE (0A) .................................................................................................................. 4-83

4.2.4 WRITE EXTENDED (2A) ............................................................................................ 4-85

4.2.5 WRITE AND VERIFY (2E) ......................................................................................... 4-86

4.2.6 VERIFY (2F) ................................................................................................................ 4-87

4.2.7 SEEK (0B) .................................................................................................................... 4-89

4.2.8 SEEK EXTENDED (2B) ............................................................................................... 4-90

4.2.9 SYNCHRONIZE CACHE (35) ..................................................................................... 4-91

4.3 Format Commands......................................................................................................... 4-92

4.3.1 FORMAT UNIT (04) .................................................................................................... 4-92

4.3.2 REASSIGN BLOCKS (07)............................................................................................ 4-103

4.3.3 READ DEFECT DATA (37).......................................................................................... 4-107

4.4 Maintenance, Diagnostic Commands................................................................ ............. 4-112

4.4.1 SEND DIAGNOSTIC (1D)............................................................................................ 4-112

xiv C141-E054-02EN

4.4.2 RECEIVE DIAGNOSTIC RESULTS (1C).................................................................... 4-118

4.4.3 WRITE BUFFER (3B)................................................................................................... 4-122

4.4.4 READ BUFFER (3C)..................................................................................................... 4-127

4.4.5 READ LONG (3E) ........................................................................................................ 4-131

4.4.6 WRITE LONG (3F) ...................................................................................................... 4-133

CHAPTER 5 SENSE DATA AND ERROR RECOVERY METHODS....................... 5-1

5.1 Sense Data................................................................ ......................................................5-1

5.1.1 Sense data format........................................................................................................... 5-1

5.1.2 Sense data basic information.......................................................................................... 5-3

5.1.3 Sense data additional information.................................................................................. 5-9

5.2 INIT Error Recovery Methods (Recommended)............................................................ 5-10

5.2.1 Termination status analysis and error recovery methods................................................ 5-10

5.2.2 Sense data analysis and error recovery methods ............................................................ 5-12

5.2.3 Error logging.................................................................................................................. 5-19

5.3 Disk Drive Error Recovery Processing........................................................................... 5-20

5.3.1 Error states and retry processing procedures.................................................................. 5-20

5.3.2 Auto alternate block allocation processing..................................................................... 5-21

5.3.3 Error recovery processing control ................................................................ .................. 5-22

CHAPTER 6 DISK MEDIA MANAGEMENT.............................................................. 6-1

6.1 Defect Management .......................................................................................................6-1

6.2 Disk Media Initialization................................................................................................ 6-4

6.2.1 Initialization during installation ..................................................................................... 6-4

6.2.2 Re-initialization................................................................ ..............................................6-5

6.3 Data Block Verification Methods (Recommended) ....................................................... 6-7

6.4 Alternate Block Allocation Processing........................................................................... 6-9

Glossary......................................................................................................................................GL-1

Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................. AB-1

Index............................................................................................................................................ IN-1

C141-E054-02EN xv

FIGURES

Pages

1.1 Example of FC-AL connection ...................................................................................... 1-2

1.2 Port Bypass Circuit ........................................................................................................ 1-3

1.3 Buffer to Buffer Data Transfer ................................................................ ....................... 1-4

1.4 Format of Ordered Sets ..................................................................................................1-6

1.5 Frame Format................................................................................................................. 1-7

1.6 Examples of Exchange................................................................................................... 1-9

1.7 SCA2 type interface connector (IDD)............................................................................ 1-10

1.8 Locations of connectors ................................................................................................. 1-11

1.9 Fibre Channel output circuit........................................................................................... 1-16

1.10 Fibre Channel input circuit............................................................................................. 1-16

1.11 Process for selecting Loop master.................................................................................. 1-21

1.12 Loop Master Operation ..................................................................................................1-22

1.13 Command Transfer......................................................................................................... 1-24

1.14 Transfer Ready (X_RDY), Response Transfer (RSP) .................................................... 1-24

1.15 Write Data Transfer........................................................................................................ 1-25

1.16 Read Data Transfer......................................................................................................... 1-25

1.17 Data Transfer Protocol ................................................................................................... 1-75

1.18 Discovery (DISCOV.) process flow................................................................ ............... 1-76

1.19 COMMAND, WRITE phase.......................................................................................... 1-77

1.20 Byte/Bit alignment in ESI.............................................................................................. 1-78

1.21 READ phase................................................................................................................... 1-78

1.22 Public Loop Configuration............................................................................................. 1-79

1.23 General Public Loop Initialization sequence.................................................................. 1-80

2.1 6-Byte CDB Basic Format ............................................................................................. 2-2

2.2 10-Byte CDB Basic Format ........................................................................................... 2-2

2.3 Supported Status Bytes .................................................................................................. 2-6

2.4 General read data transfer sequence ................................................................ ............... 2-8

2.5 General write data transfer sequence..............................................................................2-9

2.6 Combination of SOF and EOF Primitives Used for transferring frames ........................ 2-11

2.7 Example of Establishing Logical Connections Between the INIT and IDD................... 2-12

2.8 Loop initialization after establishing connections with the INIT, and subsequent

processing ...................................................................................................................... 2-13

2.9 TARGET RESET Outline Sequence.............................................................................. 2-24

xvi C141-E054-02EN

2.10 Data space configuration................................................................................................ 2-28

3.1 Data buffer configuration (in the case of 4 cache segments)................................ .......... 3-2

3.2 Example of data buffer operation during read................................................................ 3-3

3.3 Example of data buffer operation during write............................................................... 3-4

3.4 Parameters for controlling reconnection timing ............................................................. 3-5

3.5 Cache control parameters............................................................................................... 3-9

4.1 Standard INQUIRY data ................................................................................................ 4-3

4.2 VPD Information: VPD identifier list............................................................................. 4-7

4.3 VPD Information: device serial No................................................................................4-8

4.4 VPD Information: operation mode................................................................................. 4-9

4.5 READ CAPACITY data................................................................................................. 4-11

4.6 MODE SELECT parameter structure............................................................................. 4-14

4.7 MODE SELECT command (Group 0) parameter configuration .................................... 4-16

4.8 MODE SELECT parameters: read/write error recovery parameters............................... 4-21

4.9 MODE SELECT parameters: disconnect/reconnect parameters..................................... 4-29

4.10 MODE SELECT parameters: format parameters............................................................ 4-34

4.11 MODE SELECT parameters: drive parameters.............................................................. 4-38

4.12 MODE SELECT parameters: verify error recovery parameters ..................................... 4-41

4.13 MODE SELECT parameters: caching parameters.......................................................... 4-43

4.14 MODE SELECT parameters: control mode parameters................................................. 4-48

4.15 MODE SELECT parameters: additional error recovery parameters............................... 4-59

4.16 MODE SELECT EXTENDED command (Group 2) parameter configuration............... 4-62

4.17 MODE SENSE command (Group 0) parameter configuration....................................... 4-66

4.18 MODE SENSE EXTENDED command (Group 2) parameter configuration................. 4-70

4.19 FORMAT UNIT command parameter list configuration ............................................... 4-95

4.20 Defect descriptor: Byte distance from index format....................................................... 4-98

4.21 Defect descriptor: physical sector address format .......................................................... 4-99

4.22 REASSIGN BLOCK command: defect data list configuration...................................... 4-104

4.23 READ DEFECT DATA command: defect data configuration....................................... 4-108

4.24 SEND DIAGNOSTIC command: parameter list configuration...................................... 4-115

4.25 SEND DIAGNOSTIC parameters: page code list .......................................................... 4-116

4.26 SEND DIAGNOSTIC parameters: logical/physical address conversion........................4-116

4.27 RECEIVE DIAGNOSTIC RESULTS command: Response data configuration ............4-119

4.28 RECEIVE DIAGNOSTIC RESULTS response data: page code list.............................. 4-120

4.29 RECEIVE DIAGNOSTIC RESULTS response data: logical/physical address conversion .. 4-120

4.30 WRITE BUFFER command: buffer data (Mode = 000, 001) ........................................ 4-123

C141-E054-02EN xvii

4.31 READ BUFFER command: buffer data (Mode = 000, 001).......................................... 4-128

4.32 READ BUFFER command: buffer descriptor................................................................ 4-130

5.1 Expanded sense data format........................................................................................... 5-2

5.2 Sense key inherent information...................................................................................... 5-4

5.3 Analysis of the termination status.................................................................................. 5-10

xviii C141-E054-02EN

TABLES

1.1 Data category on the Loop............................................................................................. 1-5

1.2 Frame header format ...................................................................................................... 1-7

1.3 FC-SCA connector: CN1 .............................................................................................. 1-11

1.4 Charge supply to the drive ............................................................................................. 1-12

1.5 Characteristics of Fault LED out signal.......................................................................... 1-12

1.6 Definition of motor start/mated control..........................................................................1-13

1.7 Electric requirement for input control. ................................................................ ........... 1-13

1.8 Electric requirement for SEL_n inputs...........................................................................1-14

1.9 Arbitrated loop physical address (AL_PA) values ......................................................... 1-15

1.10 Output Characteristics of -Parallel ESI................................................................ ........... 1-17

1.11 AL_PA value/priority..................................................................................................... 1-19

1.12 LIP sequences ................................................................................................................ 1-20

1.13 Ordered Sets Specification............................................................................................. 1-26

1.14 Basic Link Data Specification................................................................ ........................ 1-27

1.15 Extended Link Data Specification.................................................................................. 1-32

1.16 Detail errors and action ..................................................................................................1-73

1.17 Actions by recipient .......................................................................................................1-74

1.18 COMMAND bytes definition......................................................................................... 1-77

1.19 ASC/ASCQ defined for ESI conditions ......................................................................... 1-78

1.20 Transmitting and receiving of frames at the interface .................................................... 1-80

2.1 Sense data in not ready state .......................................................................................... 2-21

2.2 Outline of disk drive error recovery processing ............................................................. 2-23

2.3 Comparison between FC and SCSI about definition...................................................... 2-23

2.4 Reset processing during write ........................................................................................ 2-26

4.1 Combination of error recovery flags .............................................................................. 4-25

4.2 MODE SENSE Data Type Specifications...................................................................... 4-65

4.3 FORMAT UNIT command defect processing................................................................ 4-101

4.4 Error recovery control flags during the self-diagnosis test ............................................ 4-113

5.1 Sense key ....................................................................................................................... 5-5

5.2 Sense and subsense codes .............................................................................................. 5-6

5.3 Sense data error classification ................................................................ ........................ 5-13

5.4 Error recovery processing procedures............................................................................ 5-15

5.5 Disk drive errors and number of retries.......................................................................... 5-24

C141-E054-02EN xix

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CHAPTER 1 FIBRE CHANNEL INTERFACE

1.1 Topologies in Fibre Channel Interface

1.2 Information Transmitted on the Loop

1.3 Physical Requirements, Electrical Requirements

1.4 Drive Operation on the Loop

1.5 Ordered Sets (Refer to FC-PH, Section 11.4 and FC-AL, Chapter 6)

1.6 Basic Link Service

1.7 Extended Link Service

1.8 Extended Link Service (Loop initialization)

1.9 FC-4 Device Data

1.10 Errors on Loop (Refer to FP-PH, Section 29.9)

1.11 Enclosure Service Interface (ESI)

1.12 Public Loop

1.13 Dual Loop

This chapter describes the topology, physical and electrical requirements, interface protocol and
operation of the fibre channel interface.

C141-E054-02EN 1 - 1

1.1 Topologies in Fibre Channel Interface

Three kind of topologies are defined in ANSI standards. (Arbitrated Loop, Fabric and Point-to­Point)

The drive only supports one of them, which is Arbitrated Loop (FC-AL).

Figure 1.1 shows the example of connection for disk drives in FC-AL.

Figure 1.1 Example of FC-AL connection

BC are port bypass circuits on the back plane commonly, where Node mean the Target or
initiator.
Each Loop signal is transmitted by one-way direction and made of electrical wires called
“link”.

Each node is connected to the loop vial the port which the node owns. Each port consists of
the receiver which receives information from the loop and the transmitter which sends
information.

In this example, each node has two ports building two independent loops. Information is
propagated between the nodes on the loop through serial signals.

This section describes the Node, Port, BC and link forming the above diagram and the signals
propagated on the link.

C141-E054-02EN1 - 2

1.1.1 Node/Port

②

①

Any device connected to Fibre Channel topology is called “node”.
In the application of this drive, the drive itself and the initiator are the nodes.
Each node has at least one port to connect other nodes and the port is called N_port.
Especially, in FC-AL, the port is called “NL_Port” where “NL” stands for node loop.
The drive provides two ports and each port is connected to each FC-AL.
See Figure 1.1.

1.1.2 Link

Each port provides both Receiver and Transmitter.
The drive uses electrical wires (differential signal) to receive or transmit the information.
This pair of wires is called a “link”.
See Figure 1.1.

1.1.3 Arbitrated Loop

Arbitrated loops are defined as “private loop” or “public loop”.
Private loop has no FL_port (for fabric loop) and all nodes are NL_ports.
If there is a FL_port which is managing the loop, the loop is called a public.

This can connect up to 126 active NL_port and one FL_port to the same loop.
And the NL_ports use arbitration to establish a Initiator-Target connections.
See Figure 1.1.

1.1.4 Port Bypass Circuit (BC)

Port bypass circuit is to bypass the drive if it cannot provide loop services.
For example, by removing the drive, unable to obtain valid data, or by any special condition.

The port bypass circuit is located external to the drive. (for example, on the back plane)
Figure 1.2 shows the relationship between the drive and the circuit.

Port_B

Select
AL-4/FC
drive

Output

Input

Port_A

Note

Select function is performed by “-EN port bypass A” and “-EN port bypass B”.

① Regular route (Bypass circuit off) ② Via bypass (Bypass circuit

BC

M

U
X

To next port

From previous port

Figure 1.2 Port Bypass Circuit

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1.1.5 Encoding & Decoding

On FC-AL, the data is encoded prior to transmission and should be decoded when receiving.
The 10-bit character consists of 1,024 data space with 13-bit data mapped 1 control character.
This method is called 8B/10B encoding.
And to prevent too many same signal (ones or zeros), 10-bit character has an option to balance
total numbers of ones or zeros.
This balancing is called “running disparity”.

1.1.6 Buffer-to-buffer frame transfer

As shown in Figure 1.3, data transmission occurs from an output buffer in the node part to an
input buffer in the node port.
The basic unit of buffer-to-buffer transfer is the frame.

Figure 1.3 Buffer to Buffer Data Transfer

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1.2 Information Transmitted on the Loop

Since information is exchanged between the ports through serial signals, both loop control
information and information at user level are defined in frame format.

The information on the loop is categorized into two groups.
One is “ordered sets” and the other is called “frame”.

Ordered sets consist of four 10-bit character to control port circuit mainly.
And the frame consists of FC-4 Device Data for SCSI protocol and Link Data to control Fibre
Channel layer.
The communication between the ports is done by using the frame defined in FC-PH.
The frame has the port address of source and destination, frame control information and user
protocol (SCSI-Command, data and etc.) information.

Table 1.1 shows category of the data on the loop.

Table 1.1 Data category on the Loop

Data Example

Ordered Sets

Frame Delimiters
Primitive Signals
Primitive Sequence

–SOF, EOF
–Idle, R_RDY, OPN, CLS
–LIP, LPE, LPB

Frame

Link Data

Basic Link Service
Extended Link Service

–ABTS, BA_ACC, BA_RJT
–PLOGI, PRLI, PDISC, LISM

FC-4 Device Data

Command Frame
Data Frame
Transfer-ready Frame
Response Frame

–FCP_CMND_IU
–FCP_DATA_IU
–FCP_XFER_RDY_IU
–FCP_RSP_IU

Note

a) Ordered Sets is mainly used for control of port circuit.
b) FC-4 Device Data is used for implementation SCSI protocol.
c) Link Data is used for transmission and response for port control data.

This section explains the “Ordered Sets” and “Frame” propagated on the loop.

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1.2.1 Ordered Sets (Refer to FC-PH, Section 11.4)

There are three kind of Ordered Sets.

(1) –Primitive signals
(2) –Frame delimiters
(3) –Primitive sequence

which consist of four 10 bit character combination.

Each ordered set has string of data shown in Figure 1.4.
The K28.5 special character is always used as the first character of all ordered sets.

Figure 1.4 Format of Ordered Sets

1.2.1.1 Primitive Signals

Primitive Signals have a control function to indicate status of the drive or to perform
some operation to the port being connected.

Primitive Signals are recognized when one ordered set is detected.
A minimum of six Primitive Signals must be transmitted between each frame.

The name and the function of Primitive Signals is below.

a) Idle ; to indicate the port can transmit or receive the frame
b) R_RDY ; to indicate the port has an area for receiving the frame
c) ARBx ; to request the right to use the loop. x = AL_PA of the requesting

port
d) ARB (FO) ; to request the right (= lowest priority) to use the loop
e) OPN ; to inform the transmission of the frame to the destination port
f) CLS : to inform the release of the loop

1.2.1.2 Frame Delimiters

Frame Delimiters mark the beginning and end of frames.
They are called Start-of-frame (SOF) delimiters and End-of-frame (EOF) delimiters.

1.2.1.3 Primitive Sequence

Primitive Sequence is a control function and requires to be detected.
The name and the function of Primitive sequence is below.

a) LPB ; When received, the drive enables the port bypass circuit and bypasses

b) LPE ; When received, the drive disables the port bypass circuit and connects to

the loop.

the loop.

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1.2.2 Frame Structure (Refer to FC-PH, Chapter 17)

A frame format is shown in Figure 1.5.

4

SOFfill words

1word count

24

Header

0-2048+64 (optional header)

PayloadFrame

0-5286

4

4

1

1

min24byte count

fill wordsEOFCRC

min6

Figure 1.5 Frame Format

a) SOF ; Start of frame indicates the beginning of the frame.
b) Frame Header ; Used as link control, drive protocol transfer and detect error condition.

The frame header format is listed in Table 1.2.

Table 1.2 Frame header format

word/byte 0 (bits 31 – 24) 1 (bits 23 – 16) 2 (bits 15 – 08) 3 (bits 07 – 00)
0 R_CTL D_ID
1 reserved S_ID
2 TYPE F_CTL
3 SEQ_ID DF_CTL SEQ_CNT
4 OX_ID RX_ID
5 OFFSET

R_CTL ; Routing Control to categorize the frame.
D_ID ; Destination Identifier, N_port address to which the frame is being sent.
S_ID ; Source Identifier, N_port address originating the frame.
TYPE ; Data Structure Type, identifies the frame protocol.
F_CTL ; Frame Control information
SEQ_ID ; Sequence Identifier, uniquely identifies frames in a non-streamed sequence.
DF_CTL ; Data Field Control, specifies the optional headers in the payload.

This field is not supported by the drive and used as 00h.
SEQ_CNT ; Sequence Count, identifies the order of the frames.
OX_ID ; Originator Exchange Identifier, assigned by the originator of an exchange.

This value is similar to Queue Tag in SCSI and must be unique for a

pair between the intiator and the drive.
RX_ID ; Responder Exchange Identifier, generated by the responder for a exchange.
OFFSET ; Defines the relative displacement of the first byte of the payload from

the base address of the command.

c) Payload ; Data field, must be multiple of four bytes.

–If the frame is FC-4 Device Data, the payload has SCSI CDB,

Read/Write Data or status/sense information.

–If the frame is Link Data, the payload has control information for the

drive or the response data to the initiator.

d) CRC ; Calculates without including SOF and EOF delimiters.
e) EOF ; End of frame indicates the end of a frame.

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(1) Link Data

Link Data is used when the initiator transmit control code to the target or when the
target responsds to the iniator.

Link Data supported by the drive are listed below.

1. Basic link service
a) Abort Sequence
b) Basic_Accept
c) Basic_Reject

ABTS ; SCSI-2 Abort Tag
BA_ACC; accept response to the abor
BA_RJT ; reject response to the abort

2. Extended link service
a) N_Port login

PLOGI ; declare the initiator access the

target

b) Logout

LOGO ; declare the initiator finished

accessing the target

c) Process Login

PRLI ; PRLI is send by the initiator

to a target to establish the
SCSI FCP operating features.

d) Process Logout

PRLO ; declare the initiator finished

accessing the target

e) Port Discovery

PDISC ; issued by the initiator to

verify the address of the target

after Loop initialization
f) Address Discovery
g) Reinstate Recovery Qualifier

ADISC ; same as PDISC
RRQ ; issued by the initiator after

processing ABTS
h) Read Link Status

RLS ; Request Link Error Status

Block
i) Third-Party Process Layout

TPRLO ; declare the initiator finished

accessing the target
j) Accept

ACC ; response to the Link service

received
k) Link Service Reject

LS_RJT ; reject to the Link service

received.
l) Loop Initialization Select Master
m) Loop Initialization Fabric Assigned
n) Loop Initialization Previously

LISM ; see 1.4.1 Loop Initialization
LIFA ; see 1.4.1 Loop Initialization
LIPA ; see 1.4.1 Loop Initialization

Acquired
o) Loop Initialization Hard Assigned
p) Loop Initialization Soft Assigned
q) Loop Initialization Report Position
r) Loop Initialization Loop Position

LIHA ; see 1.4.1 Loop Initialization
LISA ; see 1.4.1 Loop Initialization
LIRP ; see 1.4.1 Loop Initialization
LILP ; see 1.4.1 Loop Initialization

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(2) FC-4 Device Data

Exchanges consist of two or more frame sequences between the initator and the target.

Exchanges starts from command frame by the initiator and ends at response frame by
the target.

Four FC-4 Device Data (FCP_CMND_IU, FCP_XFER_RDY_IU, FCP_DATA_IU,
FCP_RSP_IU) are used to implement SCSI protocol. Figure 1.6 explains the
examples of Exchanges in case of SCSI write/read operation.

a) SCSI write operation

Target (drive)Initiator

1)

2)

3)

FCP_CMND_IU (WT)
FCP_XFER_RDY_IU
FCP_DATA_IU (Write)

:

FCP_RSP_IU4)

b) SCSI read operation

1)

3)

FCP_CMND_IU (RD)
FCP_DATA_IU (Read)

:

FCP_RSP_IU4)

Exchange ; from command frame to response frame

Target (drive)Initiator

Exchange ; from command frame to response frame

1) FCP_CMND_IU ; includes SCSI command and the control information

2) FCP_XFER_RDY_IU ; permits the data transmission from the initiator to the drive

3) FCP_Data_IU ; Read or Write data between the initiator and the drive

4) FCP_RSP_IU ; Used by the drive to report status/sense data to the initiator

Figure 1.6 Examples of Exchange

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