TO PREVENT ELECTRIC SHOCK, MATCH
WIDE BLADE OF PLUG TO WIDE SOLT,
FULLY INSERT.
CAUTION: TO REDUCE THE RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK,
DO NOT REMOVE COVER (OR BACK).
NO USER-SERVICEABLE PARTS INSIDE.
REFER SERVICING TO QUALIFIED SERVICE PERSONNEL.
The lightening flash with arrowhead symbol,
within an equilateral triangle, is intended to
alert the user to the presence of uninsulated
“dangerous voltage” within the product's enclosure that may be of sufficient magnitude to
constitute a risk of electric shock to persons.
“WARNING”
“TO REDUCE THE RISK OF FIRE OR ELECTRIC SHOCK,
DO NOT EXPOSE THIS APPLIANCE TO RAIN OR MOISTURE.”
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
1.
Read instructions - All the safety and operating instructions should be read before the appliance is operated.
2.
Retain instructions - The safety and operating instructions
should be retained for future reference.
3.
Heed warnings - All warnings on the appliance and in the
operating instructions should be adhered to.
4.
Follow instructions - All operating and use instructions
should be followed.
5.
Water and Moisture - The appliance should not be used
near water - for example, near a bathtub, washbowl,
kitchen sink, laundry tub, in a wet basement, or near a
swimming pool, and the like.
6.
Carts and Stands - The appliance should be used only
with a cart or stand that is recommended by the manufacturer.
An appliance and cart combination should be moved with
care. Quick stops, excessive force, and uneven surfaces
may cause the appliance and cart combination to overturn.
Wall or Ceiling Mounting - The appliance should be
7.
mounted to a wall or ceiling only as recommended by the
manufacturer.
Ventilation - The appliance should be situated so that its
8.
location or position does not interfere with its proper ventilation. For example, the appliance should not be situated on a bed, sofa, rug, or similar surface that may block
the ventilation openings; or, placed in a built-in installation, such as a bookcase or cabinet that may impede the
flow of air through the ventilation openings.
ATTENTION:
POUR ÉVITER LES CHOCS ÉLECTRIQUES,
INTRODUIRE LA LAME LA PLUS LARGE DE
LA FICHE DANS LA BORNE CORRESPONDANTE DE LA PRISE ET POUSSER
JUSQU' AU FOND.
The exclamation point within an equilateral
triangle is intended to alert the user to the
presence of important operating and maintenance (servicing) instructions in the literature
accompanying the appliance.
Heat - The appliance should be situated away from heat
9.
sources such as radiators, heat registers, stoves, or other
appliances (including amplifiers) that produce heat.
Power Sources - The appliance should be connected to a
10.
power supply only of the type described in the operating
instructions or as marked on the appliance.
Grounding or Polarization - The precautions that should
11.
be taken so that the grounding or polarization means of
an appliance is not defeated.
Power Cord Protection - Power supply cords should be
12.
routed so that they are not likely to be walked on or
pinched by items placed upon or against them, paying
particular attention to cords at plugs, convenience receptacles, and the point where they exit from the appliance.
Cleaning - The appliance should be cleaned only as rec-
13.
ommended by the manufacturer.
Nonuse Periods - The power cord of the appliance should
14.
be unplugged from the outlet when left unused for a long
period of time.
Object and Liquid Entry - Care should be taken so that
15.
objects do not fall and liquids are not spilled into the enclosure through openings.
Damage requiring Service - The appliance should be ser-
16.
viced by qualified service personnel when:
The power supply cord or the plug has been damaged;
A.
or
Objects have fallen, or liquid has been spilled into the
B.
appliance; or
The appliance has been exposed to rain; or
C.
The appliance does not appear to operate normally or
D.
exhibits a marked changed in performance; or
The appliance has been dropped, or the enclosure
E.
damaged.
Servicing - The user should not attempt to service the ap-
17.
pliance beyond that described in the operating instructions. All other servicing should be referred to qualified
service personnel.
Parts marked with this sign are safety critical components. They must always be replaced with identical components.
!
Refer to the Fostex Parts List and ensure exact replacement.
3
X-24
1. SPECIFICATIONS
DEFINITION
Specification Unit0 dBV = 1 Vrms
Normal Fader Position
Input faderAt 8 ± 1 position
ConditionLINE IN / INSERT: -10 dBV / 1 kHz
Recorder: Input Monitor mode (REC - PAUSE)
Adjust input fader for -10 dBV at TAPE OUT.
PAN: L (R)
Master faderAt 8 ± 1 position
ConditionLINE IN / INSERT: -10 dBV / 1 kHz
Recorder: Input Monitor mode (STOP)
Adjust master fader for -10 dBV at LINE OUT.
PAN: L (R)
MIXER SECTION
Standard Input
MIC IN
ConnectorPhone (unbalanced) / XLR (balanced)
Input level-50 ~ -10 dBV
Impedance10 kΩ or more
LINE IN / INSERT (RCV)
ConnectorStereo phone (tip)
Input level-10 dBV
Impedance10 kΩ or more
Standard Output
TAPE OUT 1 ~ 4
ConnectorRCA pin
Output level-10 dBV
Load impedance10 kΩ or more
LINE OUT L, R
ConnectorRCA pin
Output level-10 dBV
Load impedance10 kΩ or more
INSERT (SEND)
ConnectorStereo phone (ring)
Output level-10 dBV
Load impedance10 kΩ or more
Phones Max. Output Level20 mW or more (1 kHz, 16 Ω load)
Level Indication0 dB is indicated by 5-dot LED bargraph meter when input / output
level is -10 dBV with the above standard input / master fader
position settings.
Frequency Response
MIC IN (Input Level: -50 dBV)40 ~ 20 kHz ± 3 dB at LINE OUT
MIC IN (Input Level: -10 dBV)20 ~ 20 kHz ± 3 dB at LINE OUT
LINE IN (Input Level: -10 dBV)50 ~ 10 kHz ± 2 dB at PHONES (10 mW / 16 Ω)
S / N (shorted by 150
MIC IN (MIC GAIN: MIC)66 dB or more at LINE OUT (DIN AUDIO)
MIC IN (MIC GAIN: LINE)73 dB or more at LINE OUT (DIN AUDIO)
ΩΩ
Ω resistor)
ΩΩ
68 dB or more at LINE OUT (IHF A)
75 dB or more at LINE OUT (IHF A)
4
MIXER SECTION (continued)
Distortion
(With 400 Hz HPF & 30 kHz LPF)0.05 % or less (Input: 1 kHz / 0 dBV signal, MIC GAIN: LINE, LINE
OUT: 0 dBV.)
0.2 % or less (Input: 1 kHz / 0 dBV signal, MIC GAIN:LINE,
PHONES: 3 mW / 16Ω.)
Fader Attenuation70 dB or more at 1 kHz (from standard fader position)
Crosstalk60 dB or more at 1 kHz (Input: MIC IN, MIC GAIN: LINE, OUT: SEND
OUT. Measure level at non-input channel.)
PAN Crosstalk42 dB or more at 1 kHz (Input: MIC IN, MIC GAIN: LINE, OUT: LINE
OUT. Measure level at non-input channel.)
Click Noise
Power on / off-20 dBVp-p or less
Other switching-30 dBVp-p or less
Shock Noise-30 dBVp-p or less (Measure noise level when one side of appliance is
dropped 3 times from 5 cm height.)
RECORDER SECTION
Tape Speed9.5 cm/s ± 1.5 % (3000 Hz ± 45 Hz when reproducing TCW-211 test
tape.)
Wow & Flutter
PLAY0.25 % or less (TCW-211 test tape, ANSI WTD.)
REC & PLAY0.30 % or less (AC-514 test tape, ANSI WTD.)
Pitch Control
MIN (PITCH VR: Fully CCW)-45 % or less (TCW-211 test tape)
MAX (PITCH VR: Fully CW)+12 % or more (TCW-211 test tape)
Fast Winding Time (FF / RWD)150 ± 20 sec. (TAPE: C-60)
Tape Counter Deviation0 ± 7 (FF from BOT to EOT and then RWD to BOT again.)
Standard Level
PLAY-10 ± 1 dB (TCW-231 test tape)
REC & PLAY-10 ± 1 dBV (AC-514 test tape, 1 dB or less of level difference between
With constant use, the head surface becomes soiled with magnetic particles from the tape, dirt and dust. Under such
conditions, the tape will not always be in smooth contact with the head and thus result in poor performance. Less
8
output in the high region and dropout (some parts of sound not reproduced) are typical symptoms. It is therefore
recommended to clean the heads periodically before recording and playback to avoid such troubles.
2) Capstan and pinch roller
Buildup of magnetic particles and dust on these parts will cause increase in wow, flutter and wrapping of tape on
the capstan. Thus, these parts must always be kept clean. Cleaning is done with cotton buds moistened with fluids
prescribed or recommended for tape recorders and especially the heads. Never use lacquer thinner, acetone or
other organic solvents.
3-1-2. Demagnetizing
The REC/PLAY head becomes magnetized by extended use or when the head is touched with a magnetized object.
As a result, frequency response especially in the high region will deteriorate, noise level increases, and in some
cases may transfer noise to valuable prerecorded tapes. For this reason, do not touch the head with magnetized
screwdriver and scissors or allow DC current to flow through the head winding such as when testing continuity
with a circuit tester. Should the head becomes magnetized, demagnetize it with a head demagnetizer designed for
this purpose.
Demagnetizing Procedures
After turning off the power of Model X-24, open the cassette lid and if a cassette tape is loaded, remove and place
1)
it far away from the deck.
Switch on the head demagnetizer while holding it about one meter away from the Model X-24. Then, slowly move
2)
the head demagnetizer tip to the head and wave the tip up and down several times close to the head surface.
On completing the above procedures, slowly draw the demagnetizer away from the head and switch it off when it
3)
is more than one meter away from the head. As demagnetizm in the head cannot be seen, unlike the soiled head,
routine demagnetizing is necessary. It is recommended to do so at the same time the head is cleaned.
X-24
3-2. Test Equipment and Adjusting Tools
The following tools and equipment are required for adjusting the Model X-24.
1)
Head height and tape contact adjusting jigModel 9001 (P/N: 8286001000)
Blank tapeC-90 or shorter tape, TYPE II / HIGH position
6)
Audio oscillatorGeneral type
7)
Frequency counterGeneral type
8)
Bandpass filterGeneral type
9)
AC voltmeterStereo type is recommended.
10)
OscilloscopeGeneral type
11)
Wow & Flutter meterGeneral type
12)
Distortion meterGeneral type
13)
Frequency counterGeneral type
9
X-24
3-3. Tape Transport Mechanical Data
3-3-1. Reel torque
PLAY mode (TW-2111A)Supply: 1.5 ~ 6 g-cm
1)
Takeup: 20 ~ 70 g-cm
FF/REW mode (TW-2231)FF /REW: 60 ~ 120 g-cm
2)
3-3-2. Pinch roller pressure
Pull force300 ~ 500 g
3-4. Tape Travel Check and Adjustment
Using the mirror type cassette, check to see that the tape is running stable between the ERASE and REC/PLAY
heads tape guides without weaving. If the tape is not running stable between the guides, erasure and frequency
response will be affected or the tape will be damaged by curling. It then becomes necessary to check the guide
height, perpendicularity of the head surface, and alignment of the pinch roller in relation to the capstan. In addition
to the mirror type cassette, the Head Height and Tape Contact Jig is required. To check the head guide height, the
cassette tape is removed and the above jig is placed on the head mount base plate. While firmly seating the jig on
the base plate surface, slide the jig past each head guide to see that it goes through without hitting them. Also check
perpendicularity of each head surface, using the rear check bar of the jig. If the guide is low, insert the required
amount of 0.1 mm or 0.2 mm thick washers under the head mounting legs, or vice versa, if it is high.
NOTE: Always adjust the head azimuth and phase when the head height is adjusted.
3-5. Volume & SW setting
Input faderAt 8 ± 1 position
Master faderAt 8 ± 1 position
PanFully CCW (L) or CW (R) position
3-6. Check and Adjusting of Head Azimuth
Switch off the DOLBY SW.
1)
Connect an AC volt meter to the TAPE OUT and playback the 12.5 kHz section on the TC-284W test tape.
2)
Rotate the REC/PLAY head azimuth adjusting screw to obtain a maximum output level.
3)
3-7. Tape Speed Check and Adjustment
Confirm that the Pitch control knob is at center position.
1)
Connect a frequency counter or wow & flutter meter with frequency counter to the TAPE OUT and playback the
2)
Model 9152 test tape.
Check the tape speed and wow & flutter if they satisfy the following specifications.
3)
Tape Speed:3000 Hz ± 30 Hz at both BOT (beginning of tape) and EOT (end of tape) positions
Wow & Flutter:0.25 % (CCIR WTD) at both BOT and EOT positions
If the tape speed is not within the above specification, adjust R43 (3.3 kΩ) on the R/P AMP PCB assy.
4)
Next, check if the tape speed variable range satisfies the specifications below.
5)
Maximum tape speed: +12 % or more (3360 Hz or more)
Minimum tape speed: -45 % or less (1650 Hz or less)
10
3-8. Playback Level Calibration
Set the controls as follows.
1)
Record track select switch: OFF
Dolby B noise reduction on/off switch: OFF
Connect an AC volt meter to the TAPE OUT 1 through 4 pin jacks.
2)
Playback the TCW-231 test tape and check the output level if it is -10 dBV (0.3 V) ± 1 dB reading.
3)
If the reading is not within the above range, adjust R106 ~ R406 on the R/P AMP PCB assy.
4)
3-9. Playback Frequency Response Calibration
Set the controls as follows.
1)
Record track select switch: OFF
Dolby B noise reduction on/off switch: OFF
Connect an AC volt meter to the TAPE OUT 1 through 4 pin jacks respectively.
2)
Playback the TCW-284F test tape and adjust R103 ~ R403 so that the output level at 6.3 kHz is 0.5 dB lower than
3)
the 400 Hz output level.
Confirm that the output level at 12.5 kHz is within ± 1 dB of the 400 Hz output level.
4)
3-10. Erase Current Adjustment
At adjusting the erase current, put a blank cassette tape to the transport and the track to be adjusted is put in REC mode.
Assuming the track 1 to be adjusted, the oscilloscope probe is connected to the test point TP106 on the R/P PCB assy
and rotate and fix the core T101 for minimum voltage point. Then, confirm that the voltage at TP105 is more than 55 mV.
X-24
NOTE:
Adjust the remaining tracks in the same way.
If the voltage at TP106 is adjusted at minimum, the erase current flowing the erase head is set to the maximum.
Track 2:
Track 3:
Track 4:
Adjust T201 for minimum voltage at TP206. Then, confirm that the voltage at TP205 is more than 55 mV.
Adjust T301 for minimum voltage at TP306. Then, confirm that the voltage at TP305 is more than 55 mV.
Adjust T401 for minimum voltage at TP406. Then, confirm that the voltage at TP405 is more than 55 mV.
3-11. Coarse Bias Adjustment
At coarsely adjusting the bias current, put a blank cassette tape to the transport and the track to be adjusted is put
in REC mode. Assuming the track 1 to be adjusted, the oscilloscope probe is connected to the test point TP104 on
the R/P PCB assy and rotate and fix the pot R133 (220 kΩ) at 60 mV.
Adjust the remaining tracks in the same way.
Track 2:
Track 3:
Track 4:
Adjust R233 so that the voltage at TP204 is 60 mV.
Adjust R333 so that the voltage at TP304 is 60 mV.
Adjust R433 so that the voltage at TP404 is 60 mV.
3-12. Record Level Calibration
The procedures up to 3-10 must be completed before proceeding to this adjustment.*
Put a blank cassette tape to the transport and apply a 400 Hz, -10 dBV (0.3 V) sine wave signal to the INPUT 1 and
1)
2 phone jacks. (In the case the signal is input from XLR jack, the terminal No.3 (COLD) and No. 1 (GND) must be
shortened.)
Set the controls as follows.
2)
Record track select switch: All tracks ON (Confirm that the REC TRK LEDs (1 ~ 4) are blinking.)
Trim knob: At minimum
Dolby B noise reduction on/off switch: OFF
Connect an AC volt meter to the TAPE OUT 1 ~ 4 pin jacks.
3)
Put the transport into REC PAUSE mode and adjust the Input Fader so that the level at TAPE OUT 1 ~ 4 is -10 dBV
4)
(0.3 V).
Release the PAUSE button and start recording the signal.
5)
After recording a certain length, rewind the tape to the start point of recording section. Then, playback the tape and
6)
check the level at TAPE OUT 1 ~ 4. If the AC volt meter reading is not within -10 dBV (0.3 V) ± 0.5 dB, adjust the
pot R121 ~ 421 (22 kΩ) on the R/P PCB assy.
11
X-24
3-13. Overall Frequency Response Adjustment
Set the controls under the same condition as 3.12 except the DOLBY switch. (The switch should be turned on.)
1)
Apply a 400 Hz, -35 dBV (18 mV) signal to the INPUT 1 and 2 phone jacks.
2)
Record the signal, rewind and playback the recorded section of the tape and memorize the output level at TAPE
3)
OUT 1 ~ 4.
Next, apply 6 kHz & 12 kHz, -35 dBV (18 mV) signals to the INPUT 1 and 2 phone jacks.
4)
Record the signal, rewind and playback the recorded section of the tape.
5)
Check if the 6 kHz / 12 kHz output level at TAPE OUT 1 ~ 4 is within ± 2 dB comparing to the 400 Hz output level.
6)
If the AC volt meter reading is not within the above specification, adjust the pot R133 ~ 433 (220 kΩ) on the R/P
AMP PCB assy so that the recording level at 6 kHz will be within the specification.
3-14. T.H.D. Measurement
Connect a distortion meter, 400 Hz HPF and 30 kHz LPF to TAPE OUT 1 ~ 4 and set the controls under the same
1)
condition as 3-12.
Record a 1 kHz, -10 dBV (0.3 V) sine wave signal.
2)
Playback the recorded part and check if the distortion level is less than 2 %.
3)
3-15. Erasure Measurement
Connect a 1 kHz bandpass filter and AC volt meter to TAPE OUT 1 ~ 4 and set the controls under the same
1)
condition as 3-12.
Record a 1 kHz, 0 dBV (1 V) sine wave signal which is 10 dB higher than the reference recording level on a blank
2)
tape.
Rewind the tape to the start point of recording and advance it by a short length. Then, record again without
3)
applying the signal on the remaining part.
Rewind the tape to the start point again and play it back. Check if the level ratio between the playback level and no-
4)
signal section (erased part) is 67 dB or more.
3-16. Cross Erasure Measurement
Set the controls as follow.
1)
Trim knob: At minimum
Input fader: Standard position (At 8 ± 1)
Dolby B noise reduction on/off switch: OFF
Input a 100 kHz, -10 dBV signal to the INPUT 1 and 2 phone jacks and record the signal on all tracks.
2)
Rewind the tape to the start point of recording. Then, erase the 10 kHz signal on the track and check if the level
3)
difference at the corresponding track indicated below is within 1 dB.
Tracks to be measuredTrack (s) to be erased
12
21 and 3
32 and 4
43
If the level goes down by more than 1 dB, check the tape running path again.
4)
12
3-17. Sync crosstalk measurement
Sync crosstalk is a relative figure against the reference level, on how much of the recording signal from a track in
recording mode is leaking into the track being reproduced. When sync crosstalk is excessively high, playback output
during overdubbing will sound muddy by effect of the recording signal leakage or cause oscillation at pingpong
recording (where the playback output is transferred to another track).
Set the controls as follow and put a blank tape to the transport.
1)
Trim knob: At minimum
Input fader: Standard position (At 8 ± 1)
Dolby B noise reduction on/off switch: OFF
Apply a signal whose level is -10 dBV (0.3 V).
2)
Put one track into REC mode and check if the level at TAPE OUT on an adjacent track is within the specifications
3)
listed below when sweeping the oscillator frequency.
At 1 kHz:-25 dBV or less
1 ~ 20 kHz:-10 dBV or less
3-18. S/N Measurement
3-18-1. Reproduce
Set the control as follow.
1)
Dolby B noise reduction on/off switch: OFF
Connect an AC volt meter and put the transport into PLAY mode without loading a tape.
2)
Check if the AC volt meter reading is within the following specifications.
3)
DIN AUDIO: 47 dB
IHF-A:55 dB
X-24
3-18-2. Record and reproduce (Overall)
Set the control as follow.
1)
Dolby B noise reduction on/off switch: OFF
Put a blank cassette tape and start recording without applying a signal.
2)
Rewind the tape to the start point and play it back.
3)
Check if the AC volt meter reading is within the following specifications.
4)
DIN AUDIO: 45 dB
IHF-A:48 dB
Next, turn the Dolby switch on and repeat the above procedures 2) ~ 4).
5)
Check if the AC volt meter reading is within the following specifications.
6)
DIN AUDIO: 48 dB
IHF-A:55 dB
3-19. Click Noise Measurement
3-19-1. Dolby switch on/off
Check if the click noise level at TAPE OUT when turning on/off the Dolby switch is less than -30 dBVp-p.1)
3-19-2. REC/STOP (monitor)
Check if the click noise level at TAPE OUT when punching out by pressing the STOP button is less than -20 dBVp-p.1)
3-19-3. REC/STOP (on tape)
Turn off the Dolby switch, turn on all the 1 ~ 4 record track switches and put a blank cassette tape in the transport.
1)
Plug the foot switch (e.g. Model 8051) in the Punch in/out jack and press the PLAY button.
2)
Press the foot switch repeatedly and check if the click level at TAPE OUT 1 ~ 4 is less than -20 dBVp-p.
ST: Small Outline Package
SIP: Single In-line Package
220: TO-220 type
SDI: Shrink DIP (dual in-line)
SOP: Small Outline Package
HT: Horizontal mount taping device
V:Vertical mount
VT: Vertical mount Taping device
PI:Penetrate mount I form (straight)
PL: Penetrate mount L form (right angle)
PT: Penetrate mount Taping device
PIT: Penetrate mount I form Taping device