hancement or improvement. Check the information about the latest
software version from the Fostex website (http://www.fostexinterna
tional.com/), Fostex service station or your local Fostex dealer.
You can upgrade the software yourself. See page 36 for details about
how to upgrade the software.
The LM16 will be upgraded to a new version for feature en-
-
Model LM16
CAUTION
RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK
DO NOT OPEN
CAUTION: TO REDUCE THE RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK,
DO NOT REMOVE COVER (OR BACK).
NO USER - SERVICEABLE PARTS INSIDE.
REFER SERVICING TO QUALIFIED SERVICE PERSONNEL.
"WARNING"
"TO REDUCE THE RISK OF FIRE OR ELECTRIC SHOCK,
DO NOT EXPOSE THIS APPLIANCE TO RAIN OR
MOISTURE."
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
1. Read Instructions - All the safety and operating instructions
should be read before the appliance is operated.
2. Retain Instructions - The safety and operating instructions
should be retained for future reference.
3. Heed Warnings - All warnings on the appliance and in the
operating instructions should be adhered to.
4. Follow Instructions - All operating and use instructions should
be followed.
5. Water and Moisture - The appliance should not be used near
water - for example, near a bathtub, washbowl, kitchen sink,
laundry tub, in a wet basement, or near a swimming pool, and
the like.
6. Carts and Stands - The appliance should be used only with a
cart or stand that is recommended by the manufacturer.
An appliance and cart combination should be moved with care.
Quick stops, excessive force, and uneven surfaces may cause
the appliance and cart combination to overturn.
7. Wall or Ceiling Mounting - The appliance should be mounted
to a wall or ceiling only as recommended by the manufacturer.
8. Ventilation - The appliance should be situated so that its location
or position dose not interfere with its proper ventilation.
For example, the appliance should not be situated on a bed,
sofa, rug, or similar surface that may block the ventilation
openings; or, placed in a built-in installation, such as a bookcase
or cabinet that may impede the flow of air through the ventilation
openings.
9. Heat - The appliance should be situated away from heat sources
such as radiators, heat registers, stoves, or other appliances
(including amplifiers) that produce heat.
10. Power Sources - The appliance should be connected to a power
supply only of the type described in the operating instructions
or as marked on the appliance.
11. Grounding or Polarization - The precautions that should be
taken so that the grounding or polarization means of an
appliance is not defeated.
CAUTION:
TO PREVENT ELECTRIC SHOCK, MATCH WIDE
BLADE OF PLUG TO WIDE SLOT, FULLY INSERT.
ATTENTION:
POUR EVITER LES CHOCS ELECTRIQUES,
INTRODUIRE LA LAME LA PLUS LARGE DE LA
FICHE DANS LA BORNE CORRESPONDANTE DE LA
PRISE ET POUSSER JUSQU' AU FOND.
The lightning flash with arrowhead symbol, within an equilateral
triangle, is intended to alert the user to the presence of
uninsulated "dangerous voltage" within the product's enclosure
that may be of sufficient magnitude to constitute a risk of electric
shock to persons.
The exclamation point within an equilateral triangle is intended
to alert the user to the presence of important operating and
maintenance (servicing) instructions in the literature
accompanying the appliance.
12. Power Cord Protection - Power supply cords should be routed
so that they are not likely to be walked on or pinched by items
placed upon or against them, paying particular attention to cords
at plugs, convenience receptacles, and the point where they
exit from the appliance.
13. Cleaning - The appliance should be cleaned only as
recommended by the manufacturer.
14. Nonuse Periods - The power cord of the appliance should be
unplugged from the outlet when left unused for a long period of
time.
15. Object and Liquid Entry - Care should be taken so that objects
do not fall and liquids are not spilled into the enclosure through
openings.
16. Damage Requiring Service - The appliance should be serviced
by qualified service personnel when:
A. The power supply cord or the plug has been damaged; or
B. Objects have fallen, or liquid has been spilled into the
appliance; or
C. The appliance has been exposed to rain; or
D. The appliance does not appear to operate normally or
exhibits a marked change in performance; or
E. The appliance has been dropped, or the enclosure
damaged.
17. Servicing - The user should not attempt to service the appliance
beyond that described in the operating instructions.
All other servicing should be referred to qualified service
personnel.
18. The appliance should be situated away from drops of water or
spray of water.
19. Objects containing liquid such as vase must not be put on the
appliance.
20. The appliance is not completely isolated from the power supply
even if the power switch is at off position.
21. Apparatus shall not be exposed to dripping or splashing and
no objects filled with liquids, such as vases, shall be placed on
the apparatus.
22. Only use attachments/accessories specified by the
manufacturer.
23. An appliance with a protective earth terminal should be
connected to a mains outlet with a protective earth connection.
24. An appliance should be placed in a position where an AC plug
/ inlet can be easily pulled out by hand.
25. Main plug is used as the disconnection device. It shall remain
readily operable and should not be obstructed during intended
use. To be completely disconnected the apparatus from supply
mains, the mains plug of the apparatus shall be disconnected
from the mains socket outlet completely.
2
Important Safety Instructions
Model LM16
1)Read these instructions.
2)Keep these instructions.
3)Heed all warnings.
4)Follow all instructions.
5)Do not use this apparatus near water.
6)Clean only with dry cloth.
7)Do not block any ventilation openings.
Install in accordance with the
manufacturer's instructions.
8)Do not install near any heat sources
such as radiators, heat registers, stoves,
or other apparatus (including amplifiers)
that produce heat.
9)Do not defeat the safety purpose of the
polarized or grounding-type plug.
A polarized plug has two blades with one
wider than the other. A grounding type
plug has two blades and a third
grounding prong. The wide blade or the
third prong are provided for your safety.
If the provided plug does not fit into your
outlet, consult an electrician for
replacement of the obsolete outlet.
10)Protect the power cord from being
walked on or pinched particularly at
plugs, convenience receptacles, and the
point where they exit from the apparatus.
11)Only use attachments/accessories
specified by the manufacturer.
12)Use only with the cart, stand, tripod,
bracket, or table specified by the
manufacturer, or sold with the apparatus.
When a cart is used, use caution when
moving the cart/apparatus combination
to avoid injury from tip-over.
13)Unplug this apparatus during lightning
storms or when unused for long periods
of time.
14)Refer all servicing to qualified service
personnel. Servicing is required when the
apparatus has been damaged in any
way, such as power-supply cord or plug
is damaged, liquid has been spilled or
objects have fallen into the apparatus,
the apparatus has been exposed to rain
or moisture, does not operate normally,
or has been dropped.
15)Excessive sound pressure from
earphones and headphones can cause
hearing loss.
Declaration of EC Directive ..........................................................................................42
FOSTEX AMERICA LIMITED WARRANTY .................................................................43
INDEX ..............................................................................................................................45
6
Model LM16 [Introduction/Overview]
Intr oduction
Thank you very much for purchasing the Model LM16.
The LM16 is a live mixer which consists of the control unit which is equipped with a digital
mixer and the main unit which is equipped with the I/O connectors.
To ensure the best performance, read this manual thoroughly before using the LM16.
Keep this manual handy for future reference.
About power supply
• Be sure to connect the LM16 to the power
supply specified in the specifications
section of this owner’s manual. Do not use
an AC outlet of any other voltage.
• Do not connect the LM16 to the same AC
outlet to which devices that could
generate noise (such as a large motor or
dimmer), or the devices that consume a
large amount of power (such as an air
conditioning system or large electric
heater) are connected.
• If you use the LM16 in an area with a
different power voltage, first consult your
dealer or the nearest Fostex service
station. You can use the LM16 with a power
frequency of 50Hz or 60Hz.
• It is very dangerous to use a power cord
that is frayed or damage. In such a case,
stop using the LM16 immediately and ask
your dealer to repair the cord.
• To avoid possible electric shock and
damage to the LM16, avoid contact with
water or other liquids, or do not handle
the power plug while your hands are wet.
• To prevent possible electric shock and
damage to the LM16, do not remove the
main unit cover or reach the inside the
LM16.
• Do not let water or other liquid, or metal
objects such as pins, accidentally enter the
inside of the LM16 because this may lead
to electric shock or damage.
Should water enter the inside of the LM16,
remove the power plug from AC outlet, and
consult your dealer or the nearest Fostex
service station.
• To prevent damage to the LM16, be sure
to power on the connected devices first,
then turn on the power to the LM16.
When you remove or connect the cables
to the input/output connectors on the
LM16, make sure that the channel and
master faders and volume controls are set
“∞”.
Precautions on installation
• Do not install the unit in the following
conditions.
* In an extremely hot or cold place
* In a moist place
* In a vibrated place
* In a dusty place
* In a strong magnetic field or near a
device which generates a magnetic field
* In the direct sunshine
* In the direct shower or rain
• To integrate the main unit and control unit
or mount them to a rack, follow the
instruction described in this manual (note
that screws for rack mounting are not
supplied with the LM16).
About version upgrade
• The software of the LM16 will be upgraded
in the future. You can download the latest
software from our website and upgrade the
LM16 yourself. For details about how to
upgrade the LM16 to the latest software
version, see page 36.
7
Model LM16 [Introduction/Overview]
Condensation
• When temperature and humidity change
suddenly (for example, when you move the
LM16 from a cold place to a warm place),
moisture condensation may occur to the
display and panel.
In such a case, leave it with the power
turned off for some time until the
moisture evaporates.
Cleaning the exterior
• For normal cleaning, use a soft dry cloth.
For stubborn dirt, moisten a cloth in
diluted detergent, wring it out firmly, and
wipe the dirt off.
Then polish with a dry cloth. Never use
solvents such as alcohol, thinner or
benzene, since these will damage the
printing and finish of the exterior.
About damage
• Fostex is not responsible for any “direct
damage” or “indirect damage” caused by
using the LM16.
About CAT-5 cable
• Use only a CAT-5 STP cable for connection
between the main unit and the control
unit.
<Note>:
CAT-5 cable while the LM16 is powered
on. When you connect or disconnect a
CAT-5 cable, make sure that the LM16 is
powered off.
Do not connect or disconnect a
8
Model LM16 [Introduction/Overview]
Overview
The Model LM16 consists of the control unit which is equipped with a digital mixer with
intuitive analog like operation and the main unit which is equipped with the I/O connectors.
You can install the LM16 flexibly by integrating these units, mounting them on a rack or
setting them away from each other (up to 50 meter distance using a CAT-5 cable).
The LM16 is an ideal tool for schools, houses of worship, clubs, coffee houses, project studios, mobile recording, rental sound/recording, etc.
<Note>:
This cable can be used when installing the LM16 by integrating the control and main
units. To mount them on a rack or set them away from each other, prepare an appropriate CAT-5 cable (straight type) which has enough length (up to 50 m).
The CAT-5 cable supplied with the LM16 is approximately 50 cm length.
9
Model LM16 [Introduction/Overview]
Main features
•Digitally controlled trim on each input channel, allowing optimum input level
adjustment for each mic/line input.
•Fostex originally-developed digital effect unit (reverb/delay) is built in,
allowing selection from 12 effect types.
•Provides 16 input faders, four group faders and stereo master fader, allowing
analog like operation.
•3-band (High/Mid/Low) input equalizer on each input channel.
•Insertion point on input channel 1 through 8, allowing connection to an
external comp/limiter, etc.
•XLR-phone combo type connector provided on each input channel, allowing
mic or line connection. In addition, phantom power can be supplied to each XLR
connector, allowing use of a condenser microphone. (You can turn on or off
phantom power in eight channel groups.)
•Four group outputs allow connection to an external mixer or multitrack
recorder.
•Aux and effect sends allow connection to an external effect unit, a stage monitor
system, etc.
•You can easily upgrade the unit software by downloading the file for upgrading
the unit from the Fostex website and copying it to a USB memory stick, then
connecting it to the [USB (HOST)] port.
•Outputs MMC (MIDI Machine Control) commands (play, stop and record
commands) from the [MIDI OUT] port for controlling an external MIDI device.
10
Model LM16 [Before using the unit]
Before using the unit
Read this chapter carefully before using the unit.
Unpacking the carton
Unpack the carton and inspect the contents for damage or shortages.
The following contents should be found in the carton. If you find any damage or shortages,
contact your Fostex dealer.
Main unit (I/O connector section) x 1
Power cord x 1
Control unit (Mixer section) x 1
CAT-5 STP cable (approx. 50 cm) x 1
11
Operation manual x 1
Model LM16 [Before using the unit]
Usage examples of LM16
The control unit and main unit of the LM16 are separated. You can set these units flexibly.
<Usage example 1>
Integrating the main unit and control unit.
You can integrate the main unit and control unit.
Use the supplied CAT-5 cable (approx. 50
cm length) to connect between the units.
See the next page for details about how
to integrate the units.
<Usage example 2>
Mounting the main unit and control unit on the rack.
As shown on the right, you can mount
each unit to the rack. In this case, use a
CAT-5 cable which has enough length for
connecting between the units (the cable
supplied with the LM16 is approximately
50 cm length).
<Note>:
type) for connection between the main unit
and the control unit.
Use only a CAT-5 STP cable (straight
<Usage example 3>
Setting the main unit and control unit separately.
You can set the main unit and control unit over a 50 meter distance. In such a case, use a
CAT-5 cable which has enough length for connecting between the units (the cable supplied with the LM16 is approximately 50 cm length).
<Note>:
cable (straight type) for connection between the main unit
and the control unit.
Use only a CAT-5 STP
12
Model LM16 [Before using the unit]
Integrating the control unit and main unit
Follow the procedure below to integrate the control unit and main unit.
<Note>:
Work on a flat and stable surface. It is recommended to put the units on a soft
cloth (or blanket)to protect the units.
<Necessary items>
• Phillips-head screwdriver (which matches the fixing screws for rack mounting)
• The supplied CAT-5 cable
(1)Remove the rack mount adaptors attac hed to the side panels of eac h unit.
The removed rack mount adaptors and fixing screws are used in step (3) below, so be
careful not to loose them.
Rack mount adaptor
Main unit
Rack mount adaptor
Rack mount adaptor
Rack mount adaptor
Control unit
(2)Connect the [ETHER] connector of the control unit and the [CONTROLLER] connector
of the main unit using the supplied CAT-5 cable.
The cable should run through the cable guides fixed near the connectors of the both
units (see below).
<Note>:
cable while the LM16 is powered on.
When you connect or disconnect a CAT-5 cable,
make sure that the LM16 is powered off.
<Note>:
Do not connect or disconnect a CAT-5
Cable guide
CONTROLLER
Main unit
Control unit
Insert the connector of the cable firmly in the correct direction.
13
Model LM16 [Before using the unit]
(3)Using the rack mount adaptors remo ved from the control unit, fix the control unit and
main unit.
Attach the rack mount adaptors to the both left and right sides in the direction shown
below. Use four screws for each side.
Rack mount adaptor
After attaching the adaptor
(4)Put the CAT-5 cable into the space between the rubber feet and mounting bracket
(indicated by arrows below).
The space between the rubber feet and mounting bracket is narrow, so be careful not to
damage the cable when you put it into the space.
14
Preparation of power supply
Connecting the power cord
Using the supplied power cord, connect the [AC IN] connector on the
rear panel of the main unit and the
AC outlet.
<Note>:
Use only the supplied
power cord.
Turning on the power
Model LM16 [Before using the unit]
INPUT
AUX SEND (-2dBu)
IDI OUT
CONTROLLER
PHANTOM
POWER
INSERT
INSERTINSERTINSERTINSERTINSERTINSERTINSERT
AC outlet
AUX SEND (-2dBu)
INPUT
INSERT
INSERTINSERTINSERTINSERTINSERTINSERTINSERT
CONTROLLER
PHANTOM
POWER
Press down the [POWER] switch on
the rear panel of the main unit to
turn on the power.
EFF SEND (-2dBu)
MIDI OUT
USB
[POWER] switch
To turn on or off the LM16 and peripheral devices which are connected to the LM16,
follow the proper procedures described below.
Procedures of turning on the power after connecting peripheral devices
<Note>:
to the LM16, make sure that the channel faders and monitor gain control of the LM16, as
well as the volume control of an monitor amplifier (or powered monitor speaker), are set
to minimum. Otherwise, a loud sound may be produced suddenly that may damage the
speaker or your hearing.
(1)Turn on the devices connected to the [INPUT] connectors to the LM16.
(2)Turn on the LM16.
(3)Turn on the monitor amplifier (or powered monitor speaker).
Before turning on or off the LM16 and peripheral devices which are connected
Procedures of turning off the power after connecting peripheral de vices
(1)Turn off the monitor amplifier (or powered monitor speaker).
(2)Turn off the LM16.
(3)Turn off the devices connected to the [INPUT] connectors to the LM16.
15
Model LM16 [Connection to external devices]
Connection to external de vices
Connection example (live stage)
<Note>:
Before making connection between the LM16 and external devices, make sure
that all devices including the LM16 are turned off, as well as all faders and level controls
are down.
Synthesizer
Drums
Guitar
INSERT
INSERTINSERTINSERTINSERTINSERTINSERTINSERT
Recorder
Vocals
R STEREO OUT (+4dBu) L
GROUP (+4dBu)
ST MIX OUT (-10dBV)
EFF SEND (-2dBu)
USB
MIDI OUT
AUX SEND (-2dBu)
GuitarBass
INPUT
CONTROLLER
PHANTOM
POWER
Main speakers
1
2
TRIMTRIM
TRIM
Effect processor
5
43
TRIM
TRIM
TRIM
Comp/limiter
Comp/limiter
Stage monitors
Stage monitors
Stage monitors
Headphones
Personal monitor
11
9879
6
TRIM
10
TRIMTRIMTRIMTRIMTRIMTRIM
15
141312
TRIM
SOURCE
TRIM
SOURCE
16
Player (MD, CD etc.)
TRIM
or sub mixer
16
Model LM16 [Connection to external devices]
Connection example (home recording)
<Note>:
Before making connection between the LM16 and external devices, make sure
that all devices including the LM16 are turned off, as well as all faders and level controls
are down.
Synthesizer
Personal computer
MTR
R STEREO OUT (+4dBu) L
GROUP (+4dBu)
ST MIX OUT (-10dBV)
Microphones
Drum machine
EFF SEND (-2dBu)
MIDI OUT
USB
Bass
INPUT
AUX SEND (-2dBu)
CONTROLLER
GuitarGuitar
INSERTINSERTINSERTINSERTINSERTINSERTINSERT
PHANTOM
POWER
INSERT
Personal monitor
1
2
TRIMTRIM
TRIM
TRIM
Comp/limiter
Effect processor
Comp/limiter
Recorder
Headphones
Personal monitor
11
5
43
6
TRIM
TRIM
TRIM
9879
10
TRIMTRIMTRIMTRIMTRIMTRIM
15
141312
TRIM
SOURCE
TRIM
SOURCE
16
TRIM
Player (MD, CD etc.)
or sub mixer
17
Model LM16 [Connection to external devices]
Balanced and unbalanced inputs/outputs
For connection between a recording mixer such as the LM16 and external devices (such as a
microphone, keyboard, recorder, etc), shielded cables are used. There are two types of cables
- balanced and unbalanced.
Cold
Hot
Shield (ground)
Outer
jacket
Balanced
Unbalanced
Balanced
The advantage of a balanced cable is its
ability to reject external interference.
Therefore, it is suitable for handling a small
level signal or transferring over long distances. The LM16 provides the following
balanced connectors.
Inputs/outputsConnectable connectors
[INPUT 1-16]
[STEREO OUT (L, R)]
[GROUP OUT 1 - 4]
[PHONES]
XLR-3-12 connector, 3-conductor TRS or 2-conductor
phone plug
Adjusts the gain of each input signal. Set this control appropriately
so that the [PEAK] indicator lights at the maximum input level.
By adjusting this control appropriately, the LM16 can accept a
signal within -60dBu and -12dBu for mic input, while it can accept a
signal within -40dBu and +8dBu for line input (see page 28 for
details).
<Note>:
nels 15 and 16 to "SUB IN" (), the [TRIM] control is not
effective.
When you set the [SOURCE] switch on each of chan-
6
9
10
11
12
5
7
8
13
(2) [PEAK] indicator
Lights up when an input channel signal overloads.
You should set the [TRIM] control appropriately so that this
indicator does not light frequently (see page 28 for details).
(3) [LOW CUT] switc h
Switches on () or off () of the low cut filter (high pass filter).
When on, the frequency range below 80 Hz is cut at -12 dB/oct.
This function is performed in the analog stage (see page 29 for
details).
(4) [LIMITER] switch
Switches on () or off () of the limiter function.
The limiter works to prevent signal clipping when the input level
exceeds the certain level. The limiter function is performed in the
analog stage (see page 29 for details).
(5) [SOURCE (INPUT/SUB IN)] switch
Available only on channels 15 and 16. It selects the channel
input source (see pages 28 and 34 for details).
When the switch is in the INPUT () position, a signal from the
[INPUT] connector is selected. When the switch is in the SUB IN
() position, a signal from the [SUB IN] jacks (L for channel 15,
R for channel 16) is selected (each press of the switch alternates
the input source). The input signal from the [SUB IN] L (or R)
jack is level-adjusted using the [SUB IN] control and sent to the
channel fader 15 (or 16) via the EQ section.
16
14
15
(6) [EQ HI/MID/LO] controls
These controls control gain for each EQ band (high, middle, and
low) , as well as the middle frequency.
When you set the gain control at the center position, no boost or cut
is applied (see page 29 for details).
The following table shows the EQ type, center (or cut-off) frequency
and boost/cut range of each EQ band.
Band
HIGH
MID
LOW
EQ type
Shelving type
Peaking type
Shelving type
Center (or cut-off)
frequency
12kHz
100 Hz to 8 kHz (sweepable)
80Hz
Boost/cut
20
range
+/-18dB
Model LM16 [Names and functions]
(7) [POST/PRE] switch
Selects post-fader or pre-fader feed of the AUX 1 buss (each press of
the switch alternates the selection).
When the switch is set to the up () position, post-fader is
selected. When the switch is set to the down () position,
pre-fader is selected (see page 30 for details).
2
6
9
10
11
12
1
3
4
5
7
8
13
(8) [AUX 1] contr ol
Adjusts the signal level fed to the AUX 1 buss from each input
channel. The post-fader or pre-fader signal selected by the [POST/
PRE] switch is fed to the AUX 1 buss (see page 30 for details).
(9) [AUX 2 (PRE)] contr ol
Adjusts the signal level fed to the AUX 2 buss from each input
channel. The pre-fader signal is fed to the AUX 2 buss.
(10) [AUX 3 (POST)] contr ol
Adjusts the signal level fed to the AUX 3 buss from each input
channel. The post-fader signal is fed to the AUX 3 buss.
(11) [EFF] send control
Adjusts the signal level fed to the EFF buss from each input channel.
The post-fader signal is fed to the EFF buss, therefore, fader setting
affects the signal sent to the [EFF] buss (see page 31 for details).
(12) [P AN] contr ol
Determines the signal balance between the left and right of the
stereo busses or odd and even busses of group buss pairs 1-2 and
3-4.
Rotating the control to the right (clockwise) increases the amount of
the signal from the channel going to the right of the stereo buss,
while decreases the amount of the signal going to the left of the
stereo buss.
Rotating the control to the left (counterclockwise) increases the
amount of the signal from the channel going to the left of the stereo
buss, while decreases the amount of the signal going to the right of
the stereo buss.
(13) [MUTE] switch
Switches the mute function on or off. When the switch is set to the
down position (), the post fader signal of the channel is muted.
16
14
15
(14) [ST/1-2/3-4] assign switches
Assign or deassign the input channel signal to the corresponding
buss pairs (Stereo, groups 1-2 or groups 3-4). When the switch is set
to the down position (), the signal is assigned to the
corresponding buss pair. You can assign the signal to more than one
buss pair at the same time (see page 33 for details).
(15) [SOLO] switch
Switches the solo function on or off. When the switch is set to the
down position (), the pre-fader signal can be monitored via the
solo buss. When the [SOLO] switch on any input channel is set to
ON, the [SOLO] indicator on the monitor section slowly flashes (see
page 33 for details).
(16) Channel fader
Adjusts the output level of the input channel.
21
Model LM16 [Names and functions]
18
Control unit (Master channel)
(17) [SUB IN] jacks / [SUB IN] control
You can connect the [SUB IN] jacks to a CD player,
MD player, external mixer, etc., and use the [SUB
IN] control to adjust the input level.
By setting the [SOURCE] switches on input
channels 15 and 16 to the "SUB IN" position (),
the signals from the [SUB IN] jacks are sent to these
channels (L for channel 15, R for channel 16). See
page 34 for details.
Note that the [TRIM] control on each of channels 15
and 16 does not affect the [SUB IN] signal.
17
(18) Monitor section
19
a
22
26
28
30
20
21
23
24
25
27
29
31
c
b
d
e
f
(a) [MONITOR L/R] jacks
You can connect a monitor amplifier or powered
monitor speakers to these jacks. The output level
can be adjusted by the [MONITOR] control.
(b) [PHONES] jack
Connects headphones. You can adjust the output
level using the [PHONES] and [MONITOR] controls.
(c) [PHONES] control
Adjusts the output level of the [PHONE] jack.
(d) [MONITOR LEVEL] indicators
Indicate the output level of the monitor signal selected by the [MONITOR SELECT] switch (or the solo
monitor signal).
(e) [SOLO] indicator
When at least one of the [SOLO] switches is set to
ON, the [SOLO] indicator slowly flashes, while the
solo monitor signal is output from the [MONITOR
(L/R)] and [PHONES] jacks.
(f) [MONITOR SELECT] switc h
Selects signals to be monitored. You can select from
Groups 1-2, Groups 3-4, Stereo and Effect return by
pressing the switch as many time as required.
When solo monitor is active, the selection is not effective (see page 32 for details).
22
Model LM16 [Names and functions]
a
b
c
(19) [PHANTOM (1-8, 9-16)] indicators
Each indicator illuminates when the corresponding
[PHANTOM] switch ([1-8] or [9-16]) is set to ON.
The phantom power is supplied to the XLR
connectors in eight input groups (see page 28 for
details).
(20) Internal effects section
18
22
26
28
17
19
20
21
23
24
25
27
29
a
b
(a) [EFFECT] indicator
The current effect type selected by the [SELECT] /
switches illuminates.
(b) [SELECT] up ()/down () switches
Select an effect type (the indicator for the selected
effect type illuminates).
When the [EFFECT] on/off switch is set to ON (),
the current effect is effective.
(c) [EFFECT] on/off switch
Switches the internal effects on () or off ().
When the switch is set to the down position (ON),
the current effect selected by the [SELECT] /
switches is effective (see page 31 for details).
(21) Control section
Pressing a key in this section sends an MMC
command to an external MIDI device connected
to the [MIDI OUT] port (see page 40 for details).
c
(a) [REC] key
30
31
Pressing the key sends the RECORD command to
an external MIDI device for starting recording.
(b) [STOP] key
Pressing the key sends the STOP command to an
external MIDI device for stopping recording.
(c) [PLAY] key
Pressing the key sends the PLAY command to an
external MIDI device for starting playback.
23
Model LM16 [Names and functions]
18
22
17
19
20
21
23
(22) [EFFECT T O GR OUP] contr ols
Each control adjusts the output level from the
internal effects to the corresponding group buss pairs
(1-2 or 3-4). See page 31 for details.
(23) [EFFECT T O STEREO] contr ol
Adjusts the output level from the internal effects to
the stereo busses. See page 31 for details.
(24) [EFFECT T O AUX (1, 2, 3)] contr ols
Each control adjusts the output level from the
internal effects to the corresponding AUX buss (1, 2
or 3). See page 31 for details.
(25) [AUX SEND] contr ols / [SOLO] switches
Each [AUX SEND] control adjusts the output level of
the corresponding AUX SEND (1, 2 or 3) output.
Each [SOLO] switch allows you to monitor the soloed
signal of the corresponding AUX SEND (1, 2 or 3)
output. When the switch is down, the solo function is
engaged. Each press of the switch toggles between
on and off (See page 30 for details).
(26) [MONITOR] control
Adjusts the output level of the [MONITOR (L/R)] and
[PHONES] jacks. The output level of the [PHONES]
jack is controlled by the [PHONES] and [MONITOR]
controls (See page 32 for details).
26
28
30
24
25
27
29
31
(27) [EFF SEND] control / [SOLO] switch
Adjusts the output level of the EFFECT SEND .
Each [SOLO] switch allows you to monitor the soloed
signal of the EFFECT SEND output. When the switch
is down (), the solo function is engaged. Each press
of the switch toggles between on and off.
(28) [ASSIGN T O STEREO OUT] s witches
Each switch allows you to send the post signal of the
corresponding GROUP fader to the [STEREO OUT
L/R] jacks. When the switch is down, the signal is
sent ( See page 33 for details).
(29) [OUTPUT LIMITER] switch
Activates or deactivates the limiter function for all
the buss outputs (stereo L/R outputs, group outputs
1 through 4, Aux send outputs 1 through 3, effect
send output, and monitor outputs). When the switch
is down (), the limiter function is active.
(30) [GROUP 1-4] faders
Each fader adjusts the output level of the
corresponding group output signal which is output
from the [GROUP OUT] jack (See page 33 for details).
(31) [STEREO] fader
Adjusts the output level of the stereo output signal
which is output from the [STEREO OUT (L/R)] and
[ST MIX OUT (L/R)] jacks.
24
Control unit (rear panel)
(1) [TO CONTROLLER] connector
Used to connect to the [CONTROLLER]
connector of the main unit using the supplied
(or a different) CAT5 cable (See page 13 for
details).
Main unit (rear panel)
Model LM16 [Names and functions]
1
<Note>:
type) for connection between the main unit
and the control unit.
Use only a CAT-5 STP cable (straight
1
INPUT
EFF SEND (-2dBu)
USB
10
MIDI OUT
911
R STEREO OUT (+4dBu) L
GROUP (+4dBu)
ST MIX OUT (-10dBV)
1213
(1) [INPUT (1 through 16)] connectors
Each connector accepts a mic or line level
analog audio signal.
The connector is a combo type - a combined
XLR connector and phone jack in one. You can
connect a microphone to the XLR connector or
connect a line signal to the phone jack. (Note
that you cannot use the XLR receptacle and
phone jack on a same combo connector
simultaneously.) See page 28 for details.
(2) [INSERT (1 through 8)] jacks
Each jack is used for connecting an external
effects processor such as a compressor/limiter.
To connect an external effects processor, use a
Y-cable as shown below ( See page 31 for
details).
AUX SEND (-2dBu)
CONTROLLER
PHANTOM
8
(3) [AC IN] connector
Used to connect the supplied power cord (See
page 15 for details).
<Note>:
A different power cord may cause fire, etc.
Also note that when you hear thunder rumbling, disconnect the power cord from the
AC outlet.
(4) [POWER] switc h
Turns on or off the LM16 (See page 15 for
details).
<Note>:
cessing the internal hard disk. Doing so may
destroy data. Even if you turn off the LM16,
it consumes a very small amount of power.
Therefore, it is recommended to disconnect
the power cord from the AC outlet if you do
not use the LM16 for a long time.
Use only the supplied power cord.
Do not turn off the LM16 while ac-
POWER
INSERT
INSERTINSERTINSERTINSERTINSERTINSERTINSERT
273456
25
Model LM16 [Names and functions]
(5) [PHANTOM (1-8, 9-16)] switc hes
You can supply phantom power to the XLR
INPUT connectors in eight channel groups (1-8
and 9-16) using these switches.
When the [PHANTOM] switch is set to ON, the
corresponding [PHANTOM] indicator on the
control panel is illuminated (See page 28 for
details).
(6) [CONTROLLER] connector
Used to connect to the [TO CONTROLLER]
connector on the rear panel of the control unit
using the supplied (or a different) CAT-5 cable
(See page 13 for details).
(7) [AUX SEND (1, 2, 3)] jac ks
Each of these unbalanced phone jacks outputs
the corresponding AUX SEND buss signal at
-2dBu nominal level. You can connect to a stage
monitor, effects processor, etc (See page 16 for
details).
(8) [MIDI OUT] port
Used to connect to the MIDI IN port of an
external MIDI device.
From this port, MMC (MIDI Machine Control
command) is output (See page 40 for details).
(13) [STEREO OUT (L, R)] connectors
These XLR balanced connectors output the
stereo L and R buss signals. You can connect
these connectors to a power amplifier for
driving main speakers on stage, etc (See page
16 for details).
(9) [EFF SEND] jack
This unbalanced phone jack outputs the
EFFECT buss signal at -2dBu nominal level.
You can connect to the input jack of an effects
processor, etc (See page 16 for details).
(10) [USB HOST] port
By connecting a FAT16 or FAT32 USB memory
stick to this port, you can also use the USB
memory stick when upgrading the version (See
page 37 for details).
(11) [GROUP OUT (1, 2, 3, 4)] connector s
These balanced phone jacks output the group
buss signals at +4dBu nominal level.
You can connect these jacks to input
connectors of an external mixer, etc (See page
16 for details).
(12) [ST MIX OUT (L, R)] jacks
These unbalanced RCA pin jacks output the
stereo L and R buss signals.
You can connect these jacks to an external
master recorder, etc (See page 16 for details).
26
Model LM16 [Mixer basics]
Mixer basics
Signal flow of the mixer
A mixer accepts audio signals and modifies them, then mixes them.
The following diagram shows how the input signals flow through the mixer section of the LM16.
As the diagram indicates, an analog signal from the [INPUT] connector is level-adjusted by the
[TRIM] control and converted to digital, then sent to the channel fader via the EQ.
After the channel fader, the pan control adjusts the left and right (or odd and even) balance of
signal sent to stereo left and right busses (or odd and even group busses).
Then the stereo signal is finally level-adjusted by the [STEREO] fader and output from the [STEREO OUT (L, R)] connectors.
A buss sums signals and mixes them. In the diagram below, busses are shown as pipes.
The LM16 provides the following eleven busses: stereo busses (L, R), group busses (1, 2, 3, 4), AUX
busses (1, 2, 3), effect buss and solo buss. Each buss sums signals. The mixed signal may be D/A
converted and fed to an external device, or directly fed to the internal effects.
INPUT
A/D
LOW CUT
LIMITER
TRIM
HIGH
MID
LO
EQ
PRE/POST
SOLO
AUX2
AUX1
AUX3
EFF
PAN
EFF
Internal
Effector
EFFECT
TO STEREO
STEREO
L
ST
1-2
3-4
AUX2 AUX3
AUX1
EFFECT TO AUX (1, 2, 3)
EFFECT TO GROUP (1, 2, 3)
12
R
GROUP
SOLO
3
4
OUTPUT LIMITER
MONITOR
AUX SEND 1
AUX SEND 2
AUX SEND 3
EFF SEND
TO MONITOR OUT
OUTPUT
LIMITER
PHONES
D/A
OUTPUT
LIMITER
PHONES
D/A
D/A
D/A
D/A
L
R
D/A
D/A
D/A
D/A
PHONES
L
MONITOR
R
AUX SEND 1
AUX SEND 2
AUX SEND 3
EFF SEND
TO STEREO BUS
1
2
GROUP OUT
3
4
27
GROUP FADER (1, 2, 3, 4)
OUTPUT
LIMITER
STEREO FADER
TO MONITOR OUT
PHONES
D/A
D/A
D/A
D/A
STEREO OUT
STEREO MIX OUT
L
R
L
R
Model LM16 [Mixer basics]
Connecting sources
• Connecting sources to the input connectors
Each of mixer channels 1 through 16 provides
a combo type -- a combined XLR connector
and phone jack in one. You can connect a
microphone to the XLR connector or connect
a line signal to the phone jack. (The phone
jack can accept both balanced and unbalanced signals.)
You can adjust the input gain using the [TRIM]
control on each mixer channel strip.
INSERT
INSERTINSERTINSERTINSERT
K
PHANTOM
POWER
• Phantom power supply setting
48 V phantom power can be supplied to the
XLR input connectors. For most of condenser
microphones, the phantom power is required.
You can turn on or off phantom power using
the [PHANTOM] switches in eight channel
groups (1-8 and 9-16) using these switches.
PHANTOM
CONTROLLER
INSERT
INSERTINSERTINSERTINSERTINSERTINSERT
<Note>:
When you turn on the phantom
power, make sure that the [TRIM] controls
on the corresponding mixer channels are set
fully left (minimum) or the LM16 is powered off.
Usually phantom power does not damage a
dynamic microphone, however, do not connect an old ribbon microphone to an input
connector to which phantom power is supplied.
• Selecting channel source
On each of input channels 15 and 16, the
[SOURCE (INPUT/SUB IN)] select switch is
provided. When the switch is in the INPUT
(
) position, a signal from the [INPUT] connector is selected. When the switch is in the
SUB IN ( ) position, a signal from the [SUB
IN] jacks (L for channel 15, R for channel
16) is selected (see page 34 for details).
Adjusting the input level
The [TRIM] control adjust the head amp gain
of each input signal. To get the optimum gain,
set this control appropriately so that the
[PEAK] indicator lights at the maximum input level.
By adjusting this control appropriately, the
LM16 can accept a signal within -60dBu and
-12dBu for an XLR connector is connected,
while it can accept a signal within -40dBu and
+8dBu when a phone plug is connected.
PHANTOM
POWER
<Memo>: When the [PHANTOM] switch is set
to ON, the corresponding [PHANTOM] indicator on the control panel is illuminated.
<Note>:
When you turn off phantom
power, the indicator is not immediately
turned off, however, phantom power is
immediately turned off.
<Memo>: It is important to set the [TRIM] con-
trol appropriately. Otherwise, the signal may
be distorted or noisy.
Clipping level
Clipping level
<Note>:
Optimum gain
The [TRIM] control the gain of the
Too high
head amplifier with a two-stage pre-amp and
there is a point where the gain is switched
(at approx. -35 dBu for XLR input, -15 dBu
for phone input). At this point, a noise may
be generated.
28
Too low
Model LM16 [Mixer basics]
<Gain adjustment while monitoring>
To adjust the gain while monitoring an input signal, connect headphones to the
[PHONES] jack (or connect a powered monitor speaker to the [MONITOR OUT] jacks) and
rotate the [PHONES] control (or [MONITOR]
control) little to the right from the leftmost
position. In this condition, perform the following.
1) Press the [SOLO] switch on the mixer
channel to solo the channel.
2) Input the source sound (from a microphone
or line).
3) Rotate the [PHONES] control (or [MONITOR]
control) clockwise gradually.
4) Adjust the [TRIM] control to get the optimum
gain.
5) After adjusting the gain, press the [SOLO]
switch to de-solo the channel.
• Low-cut filter
The low-cut filter is often known as a highpass filter. It passes high frequencies and eliminates low frequencies.
By pressing the [LOW CUT] switch to set to
"ON" (), the ultra low frequencies under
80 Hz are eliminated with a -12 dB/octave
slope.
The low-cut filter helps prevent wind noise,
mic handling noise, etc. It is recommended
to enable the low-cut filter when you connect
a microphone.
Equalizer
You can tailor the sound using the channel
equalizer. For best results, the equalizer
should be used to make the sound natural.
LOW BOOST
LOW CUT
<Note>:
You can equalize the pre-fader signal
MID BOOST
MID CUT
which is not affected by the channel fader.
<Memo>: In general, the range of frequency
of sound that human beings can hear is about
20 Hz to 20 kHz. The following shows the frequency ranges of instruments and vocals.
Snare drum/Tom tom
Bass drum
Soprano saxophone
Tenor saxophone
Trumpet
Violin
Guitar
10
20
Bass
60 100120 250
Soprano
Tenor
Baritone
Bass
Electronic organ
Synthesizer
Alto
Piano
500
1k 2k
VOCAL
4k
HIGH BOOST
HIGH CUT
Hi-hat
8k
10k15k
FLAT
20k (Hz)
• Limiter
The limiter can be used to prevent clipping
when a too hot signal is input.
The limiter is does not work as far as an input
signal is below the threshold level.
When the input signal exceeds the threshold
level, it reduces or attenuates the input signal thereby holding the output signal level
too high.
The output limiter provided in the master
section is effective to prevent damaging the
main speakers in live or PA applications.
<Tips for equalizing>
If the mixed sound is not clear, we recommend to find the channel which makes the
mixed sound unclear and slightly cut the
frequency range of the channel. To much
boosting may make the mixed sound unclear.
Listen to the mixed sound repeatedly, comparing with the original (non-EQ) sound,
and challenge to make your favorite sound.
Using of low-cut filter may be effective
when you use a microphone.
29
Model LM16 [Mixer basics]
AUX1
AUX2 AUX3
LO
HIGH
MID
PRE/POST
AUX1
AUX3
AUX2
AUX SEND 1
AUX SEND 2
AUX SEND 3
AUX SEND 1
AUX SEND 2
AUX SEND 3
EQ
EQ HIGH
The EQ HIGH is a shelving type EQ which provides up to 18 dB of boost or cut above 12 kHz.
The center detent position of the control is the
flat position. You can emphasize a cymbal or
sharpen a vocal, keyboard or guitar by boosting the EQ HIGH. You can soften the high frequency sound by cutting the EQ HIGH.
EQ MID
The EQ MID is a peaking type EQ which provides up to 18 dB of boost and cut at the center
frequency. You can sweep the center frequency
between 100 Hz and 8 kHz. The center detent
position of the control is the flat position. For
most of sound sources, the mid frequency range
absolutely effects the sound. Therefore, you can
dramatically tailor the sound using the EQ MID.
MID BOOST
MID CUT
EQ LO
The EQ LO is a shelving type EQ which provides
up to 18 dB of boost or cut below 80 Hz. The
center detent position of the control is the flat
position. You can emphasize a kick, guitar, bass,
etc.
LOW BOOST
LOW CUT
HIGH BOOST
HIGH CUT
Using an external effect processor
• Using AUX 1, 2 and 3
You can use AUX busses for sending channel
signals to an external effects processor or stage
monitor, etc.
The [AUX] send control on each mixer channel adjusts the amount of the channel signal
sent to the AUX buss. The signal after the [AUX
SEND] control in the master section which
adjusts the total AUX buss level is output from
the [AUX SEND] jack.
There are two send signal types - pre-fader
and post-fader. You can select pre- or postfader for the AUX 1 buss. The AUX 2 buss is
fixed to pre-fader, while the AUX 3 buss is
fixed to post-fader.
In general, you send a post-fader signal to an
effects processor, while you send a pre-fader
signal for stage monitoring.
Pre-fader
A channel signal before the channel fader is
sent to the buss. You can make a mix which
is completely independent from the main
mix. Pre-fader AUX sends are generally used
for the monitor mix, because the channel faders don't affect the AUX send signals.
Any adjustments made to the front-of-thehouse mix don't affect the balance heard by
the performers onstage.
Post-fader
A channel signal after the channel fader is
sent to the buss. Post-fader Aux sends are
generally used for connecting to external effects processors. The send signal is raised or
lowered according to the channel fader.
30
Model LM16 [Mixer basics]
• Using Insert
The [INSERT] jack, as well as the AUX post
send, is used for connecting to an external
processor. Unlike the AUX send, you can apply effects to a single channel signal.
The LM16 provides the [INSERT] jacks for
mixer channels 1 through 8. Each jack is used
mainly for connecting a compressor, limiter,
equalizer, etc.
[INSERT] jack
By connecting an external effect processor to
the [INSERT] jack, you can send the channel
signal to the processor and receive the processed signal.
External effects
processor
HIGH
Using the internal effects processor
The LM16 features the internal effects (reverb/delay) processor, which allows applying effects to the mixer channel signals.
The effect send signal of each channel is adjusted by the [EFF] control after the channel
fader. The effected (wet) signal is adjusted
using the controls in the [EFFECT TO STEREO], [EFFECT TO GROUP] and [EFFECT TO
AUX] sections and sent to the stereo, group
and AUX busses.
EFF RTN L-R
Internal
INPUT
FADER
EFFECT
Effector
EFF RTN 1-2
EFF RTN 3-4
EFF RTN AUX 1, 2, 3
• Applying the internal effects
The following shows how to send the effected
(wet) signal from the internal effects processor to the stereo L/R buss.
STEREO BUSS
GROUP 1-2 BUSS
GROUP 3-4 BUSS
AUX 1, 2, 3 BUSS
MID
LO
EQ
The [INSERT] jack on the LM16 is the TRStype unbalanced phone jack. You can make
bidirectional connection with the effect processor using a "Y" cable as shown below.
Send (to an effect processor)
Return (from an effect processor)
Tip
Ring
Sleeve
*The sleeve is a ground f or both signals.
2
1
4
3
(1)Set the [EFFECT] ON/OFF switch to "ON"
).
(
(2)Select the desired effect type using the
[SELECT]
The indicator for the selected type is
illuminated. (See the next page for details
about each effect type.)
(3)Adjust the effect send level of the channel
signal using the [EFF] control on each mixer
channel.
Note that the effect send level is affected by
the channel fader.
/ switch.
31
Model LM16 [Mixer basics]
(4)Adjust the effected (wet) signal level sent
to the stereo L/R buss using the control in
the [EFFECT T O STEREO] section
Adjust the effected signal level while
monitoring the stereo buss signal using
headphones or monitor speakers.
<Memo>: To send the effected signal to the
group or AUX busses, use the controls in the
[EFFECT TO GROUP] or [EFFECT TO GROUP]
section.
• About the effect types
HALL 1
HALL
ST ADIUM
ROOM
Standard hall reverb; detailled and transparent, with a moderate amount of early
reflections.
Stadium reverb characterized by long
early reflections.
Reverb simulating an auditorium with
suppressed reverberation.
Room reverb simulating a moderate
space with some sparkle.
Monitoring
You can monitor the signal using headphones
via the [PHONES] jack or using monitor speakers via the [MONITOR L/R] jacks.
The signal to be monitored can be selected
using the [MONITOR SELECT] switch. Each
press of the switch changes the monitor signals and the indicator for the current monitor signal (ST, 1-2, 3-4 or EFF RTN) is lit.
Level meters
PLATE 1
PLATE 2
VOCAL1
VOCAL 2
VOCAL 3
Mono DLY
Pan DLY
Short DLY
Modem-sounding plate reverb with wide
bandwidth.
Plate reverb with a gentle character.
All-purpose hall reverb with no early reflections, and uniform decay at all frequencies.
Plate-like reverb is added to a spacious
short delay. This blends well with any
genre of music.
All-purpose reverb (karaoke style) that
makes any vocal sound prof essional.
Mono delay.
Panning delay.
Short delay .
Indicators
You can monitor the stereo L and R buss signal,
which is output from the [STEREO OUT (L, R)]
ST
jacks.
You can monitor the group 1 and 2 buss signals,
1-2
which are output from the [GROUP (1, 2)] jacks.
You can monitor the group 3 and 4 buss signals,
3-4
which are output from the [GROUP (3, 4)] jacks.
You can monitor the output signal (wet signal) of
EFF
the internal effects processor.
RTN
[MONITOR SELECT]
switch
The output level of the [PHONES] jack is controlled by the [MONITOR] and [PHONES] controls, while the output level of the [MONITOR
L/R] jacks is controlled by the [MONITOR]
control. The output levels of the monitoring
signals are shown on the level meters above
the [MONITOR SELECT] switch.
<Note>:
If any of the [SOLO] switches is set to
ON, the solo signal is monitored, while the signal selected by the [MONITOR SELECT] switch
is interrupted.
32
Model LM16 [Mixer basics]
• Solo monitor
By setting the [SOLO] switch(es) to ON ( ),
you can solo monitor the corresponding channel signal(s).
If at least one of the [SOLO] switches is set to
ON, the [SOLO] indicator slowly flashes.
[SOLO] indicator
You can find the [SOLO] switches on channels 1 through 16, the effect send, and AUX
sends 1 through 3 (see below).
[SOLO]
switches
Channel grouping
You can group channels to group busses for
effective mixing.
Using the channel grouping function, you can
adjust levels of grouped channels using a
single fader while maintaining the balance
between channels.
By setting the group assign switch (1-2 or 3-
4) of a channel to ON, the channel signal is
sent to group busses 1 and 2 or 3 and 4. A
group buss signal is output from the [GROUP
OUT] jacks.
When the [ASSIGN TO STEREO OUT] switch
above the group fader is set to ON, the group
buss signal is output to the corresponding
stereo buss.
For example, it would be a good idea to assign channels for drums to a group. You can
control the level of drums using the corresponding group fader without altering the
balance.
ST
1-2
3-4
Channels which are assigned
to the stereo buss
ST
1-2
3-4
ST
1-2
3-4
ST
1-2
3-4
GROUP 1-2 BUS
ST
1-2
3-4
ST
1-2
3-4
STEREO BUS
ASSIGN TO
STEREO OUT
STEREO
Assigned to the
stereo buss
[SOLO] switches
<Note>:
If any of the [SOLO] switches is set to
ON, the solo signal is monitored, while the
signal selected by the [MONITOR SELECT]
switch is interrupted.
33
GROUP 1, 2
ST
ST
1-2
1-2
3-4
3-4
GROUP 3-4 BUS
ST
1-2
3-4
ASSIGN TO
STEREO OUT
GROUP 3, 4
Channels which are assigned
to the group busses
Model LM16 [Mixer basics]
Using SUB IN
You can connect a stereo audio source such
as a CD player, MD player, etc., to the [SUB IN
(L, R)] jacks and output it from the mixer’s
output. Therefore, you can connect a BGM
source and play it back during a break in the
show, etc.
By setting the [SOURCE] switches on input
channels 15 and 16 to the "SUB IN" position ( ), the signals from the [SUB IN] jacks
are sent to these channels (L for channel
15, R for channel 16). Use the [SUB IN] control to adjust the input level. (Note that the
[TRIM] control on each of channels 15 and
16 does not affect the [SUB IN] signal.)
The following shows the setting example for
playing back the signals from the [SUB IN]
jacks by the main speakers of a live stage.
Audio play er
[SUB IN] control
(1)Set the [SOURCE] switches on channels
15 and 16 to "TRK" (
The input signals from the [SUB IN] jacks
are selected as the sources of channels 15
and 16.
).
(2)Use the [SUB IN] control to adjust the level
of the signals from the [SUB IN] jacks.
You can use the [SUB IN] control to adjust
the level of the signals from the [SUB IN]
jacks, but cannot use the [TRIM] control for
them.
(3)To output the signals fr om the [SUB IN]
jacks in stereo, set the [PAN] control on
channel 15 to “L” and set the [PAN] control
on channel 16 to “R”.
(4)Set the [ST] assign switches on channels
15 and 16 to "ON" ( ).
The signal from the [SUB IN] jacks is routed
to the stereo L/R buss.
(5)Use the channel faders on channel 15 and
16 to control the output level of the
channel signals sent to the stereo L/R buss.
(6)Use the [STEREO] faders on channels 15
and 16 to control the level of the stereo buss
signal output from the [STEREO OUT (L,
R)] connectors, which affects the main
speaker volume.
2
1
<Memo>: The [SUB IN] jacks can be used to
increase the total number of inputs by connecting to a sub mixer.
3
4
6
5
34
BA
SUB IN
A/D
-∞ ~ +20dB
(-10dBV)
BA
BA
GND
-∞ ~ +10dB
FDR
FDR
-∞ ~ +10dB
FDR
FDR
GROUP3
GROUP4
FDR
GROUP2
TO ST
FDR
GROUP1
MONITOR SW
LR/12/34/EFF
-∞ ~ +10dB
EFF RTN L-R
EFFECT
EFF SEND
AUX SEND3
AUX SEND2
AUX SEND1
-∞ ~ +10dB
DA
DA
AUX SEND1
AUX SEND2
AUX SEND3
EFF SEND
(-2dBu)
ST
L
R
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
EFF
AUX
GROUP
SOLO
SOLO
SOLO
SOLO
SOLO
LEVEL
L
R
SOLO
PHONES VOL
DA
SOLO
2
1
BA
BA
BA
R
L
MONITOR OUT
(-12dBV)
PHONES
GROUP OUT
(+4dBu)
DA
DA
DA
L
R
1
2
3
4
BA
BA
BA
BABABABABA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
DA
BA
ST MIX OUT
(-10dBV)
1
2
34
1
2
34
GROUP1-2 ON/OFF
1
2
34
GROUP3-4 ON/OFF
AUX 1
AUX 2
AUX 3
-∞ ~ +10dB
PRE/POST
SOLO
CH1 EFF
MUTE
-∞ ~ +10dB
1
2
34
1
2
34
GROUP1-2 ON/OFF
1
2
34
GROUP3-4 ON/OFF
CH16 EFF
PRE/POST
-∞ ~ +10dB
MUTE
AUX 1
AUX 2
AUX 3
-∞ ~ +10dB
SOLO
INPUT
EQ
H: 12kHz
M: 100-8kHz
L: 80Hz
+/-18dB
INPUT
EQ
H: 12kHz
M: 100-8kHz
L: 80Hz
+/-18dB
A/D
TIP: SEND
RING: RETURN
INSERT
2
1
PEAK
(LIMITER)
BA
Low Cut Filter
80Hz, -12dB/oct
MIC1: -60 ~ -35dBu
MIC2: -37 ~ -12dBu
LINE1: -40 ~ -15dBu (37.8 ~ -12.8dBV)
LINE2: -17 ~ +8dBu (-14.8 ~ +10.2dBV)
TRIM
BAL
GAIN1: +28dB
GAIN2: +5dB
+
+
P48 (1-8)
MIC
LINE
P48 (9-16)
MIC
LINE
BAL
+
+
TRIM
BA
A/D
2
1
PEAK
Low Cut Filter
80Hz, -12dB/oct
(LIMITER)
A+48V
P48V (1-8)
P48V (9-16)
ON/OFF
ON/OFF
STEREO OUT (+4dBu)
INPUT 1~8
INPUT 15~16
SUB IN
EFF RTN 1-2
EFF RTN 3-4
EFF RTN AUX1
EFF RTN AUX2
EFF RTN AUX3
MONITOR VOL
TO ST
TO ST
TO ST
ST OUT L
ST OUT R
OUTPUT LIMITER
ON/OFF
SUB IN
SUB IN
SUB IN
VOL IC
VOL IC
INPUT/SUB IN
CH1-8 FADER
CH15-16 FADER
CH1 PAN
CH16 PAN
ST BUS ON/OFF
ST BUS ON/OFF
ATT: -20dB
ATT: -20dB
LIMITER
LIMITER
L
R
INTERNAL
EFFECT
ON/OFF
1
2
34
1
2
34
GROUP1-2 ON/OFF
1
2
34
GROUP3-4 ON/OFF
CH16 EFF
PRE/POST
-∞ ~ +10dB
MUTE
AUX 1
AUX 2
AUX 3
-∞ ~ +10dB
SOLO
INPUT
EQ
H: 12kHz
M: 100-8kHz
L: 80Hz
+/-18dB
P48 (9-16)
MIC
LINE
BAL
+
+
TRIM
BA
A/D
2
1
PEAK
Low Cut Filter
80Hz, -12dB/oct
(LIMITER)
INPUT 9~14
VOL IC
CH9-14 FADER CH16 PAN
ST BUS ON/OFF
ATT: -20dB
MIC1: -60 ~ -35dBu
MIC2: -37 ~ -12dBu
LINE1: -40 ~ -15dBu (37.8 ~ -12.8dBV)
LINE2: -17 ~ +8dBu (-14.8 ~ +10.2dBV)
MIC1: -60 ~ -35dBu
MIC2: -37 ~ -12dBu
LINE1: -40 ~ -15dBu (37.8 ~ -12.8dBV)
LINE2: -17 ~ +8dBu (-14.8 ~ +10.2dBV)
Model LM16 [Mixer basics]
Block diagram
35
Model LM16 [Upgrading the software]
Upgrading the software
Checking the current software version
You can check the current software version
by the following procedure.
(1)Turn off the power of the unit.
(2)Disconnect the CAT-5 cable that connects
the main and control units.
You only have to disconnect either end
of the cable.
(3)Turn on the power of the unit.
(4)After ten or more seconds from turning on
the power, connect the CAT-5 cable again.
After the communication between the
main and control units is made, the
version information of the main unit is
shown. The [PEAK] indicators for the
input channels on the control (mixer) unit
shows the date, while the level meters
shows the version number (see the next
section for details about how to show
these information). While the current
software version is shown, the indicator
for the [STOP] key flashes.
<Memo>: By pressing the [ ] switch, the
version information of the control unit
is shown. Pressing the [] switch returns to show the version information
of the main unit. If you do not press
the [ ] or [] switch for more than
five seconds after the version information appears, the LM16 automatically
stops showing the version information.
While you keep pressing the [] or
[] switch, the LM16 keeps showing
the version information.
• Showing date information
Data information of the version is shown using
the [PEAK] indicators for the input channels.
PEAK indicatorPEAK indicator
Data information (year, month, day) is shown
in four-digit hexadecimal. The following shows
the examples of how to show the "14 March
2009".
0
00000011
Lighting peak indicators on input channels
1234
Number
3
5678
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Date
14
BCD
0001
910
0100
11 12 13 14 15 16
BCD
0000
0001
0010
0011
0100
0101
0110
0111
1000
1001
[ ] switch
[ ] switch
While the version information of the
main unit is shown, the [PHANTOM 18] indicator lights. While the version
information of the control unit is
shown, the [PHANTOM 9-16] indicator
lights.
(5)To dismiss version information manually,
press the [STOP] key.
• Showing version information
The software version information is shown using the level indicators.
V 1 . 2 3
This digit is shown
by using the peak
indicators for the L
and R channels.
36
This digit is shown
by using the level
meter for the L
channel.
This digit is shown
by using the level
meter for the R
channel.
Model LM16 [Upgrading the software]
• L and R peak indicators
Depending on the major version number, each
of the L and R peak indicators is lit or unlit as
shown in the table below.
PEAK indicator
Value
L
R
1
2
3
4
: lit
• L and R meters (between 7 and -30)
The L meter shows the minor version number
(the second digit), while the R meter shows the
sub minor version (the third digit). See the table
below for the relation between the number and
the lighting condition.
L meter
R meter
How to upgrade the version
The following explains how to upgrade the
software version.
You can download the upgraded software (latest version) from the FOSTEX website (http:/
/www.fostex.com/). After downloading the
file, copy it to a USB memory stick. (The downloaded file has the file extension ".mot". See
the FOSTEX website for details about downloading.)
<Note>:
ware file from the FOSTEX website, ask your
local FOSTEX dealer or service station.
(1)Turn on the power of the unit.
(2)Connect the USB memory stick to which
If you cannot download the soft-
you copied the downloaded file to the [USB
(HOST)] port.
INPUT
EFF SEND (-2dBu)
R STEREO OUT (+4dBu) L
GROUP (+4dBu)
ST MIX OUT (-10dBV)
AUX SEND (-2dBu)
MIDI OUT
USB
INSERTINSERTINSERTINSERT
CONTROLLER
PHAN
No.
0
LED
- 10
- 20
- 30
- 4
- 7
- 2
123456
7
4
2
0
HEX値
7
89
: lit
<Example>: The following shows the meter condition when the current version is "Version
1.23".
Lit
Unlit
Lit
USB memory stick
After reading the file information, the unit
enter the version upgrade mode and
shows the version information (version
number and date) of the file using the
[PEAK] indicators on input channels as
well as the L and R meters and peak indicators, while the [STOP] and [REC] indicators start flashing.
(See the previous section for details about
how the information is shown.)
<Note>:
To cancel performing upgrade,
press the [STOP] key while the [STOP]
and [REC] indicators are flashing.
The unit exits the upgrade mode.
(3)Press the [REC] key.
The unit performs upgrade.
When upgrade is completed, the system
automatically restarts the unit.
<Memo>: While performing upgrade, the
[PEAK] indicators of all channels are lit.
While performing upgrade of the main
unit, the [PHANTOM 1-8] indicator
slowly flashes. While performing upgrade of the control unit, the [PHANTOM 9-16] indicator slowly flashes.
(1kHz, -2dBFS) (Typical)
Line (Trim Min) -> ST out: 0.005%
(1kHz, -2dBFS) (Typical)
Line (Trim Min) -> Phones: 0.1% or less
(1kHz, 50mW, 32Ω)
38
General
Dimensions:482 (W) x 136 (H) x 570 (D) mm
Weight:approx. 10kg
Power Requirement:120VAC 50/60Hz
230VAC 50/60Hz
240VAC 50/60Hz
Power Consumption:approx. 33W
1
1
2
1
3
2
3
GND
HOT
2
3
COLD
Physical dimensions
INPUT
EFF SEND (-2dBu)
R STEREO OUT (+4dBu) L
GROUP (+4dBu)
ST MIX OUT (-10dBV)
AUX SEND (-2dBu)
MIDI OUT
USB
CONTROLLER
437
Model LM16 [Specifications]
INSERT
INSERTINSERTINSERTINSERTINSERTINSERTINSERT
PHANTOM
POWER
482
Main unit
437
482
129
185
54
355
Control unit
24
39
Model LM16 [Specifications]
MMC Command List
<Note>:
The LM16 only supports the MMC commands with (*) in the list below.
Command ListMovement (Recorder)
01:STOP
02:PLAY
06:RECORD STROBE
STOP (*)
PLAY (*)
REC (*)
40
Model LM16 [Specifications]
[LIVE MIXER]
Model LM16
Basic
Channel
Mode
Note
Number:
V elocity
After
Touch
Pitch Bend
Control
Change
Function.....
Default
Changed
Default
Message
Altered
T rue Voice
Note ON
Note OFF
Key’s
Channel’s
MIDI Implementation Chart
TransmittedRecognizedRemarks
X
X
X
X
*********
X
*********
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Date: 2009.3.14
V ersion: V1.00
Program
Change
System Exclusive
: Quarter Frame
Common
System
Real Time
Aux.
Message
Notes
Mode 1: OMNI ON, POLYMode 2: OMNI ON, MONO
Mode 3: OMNI OFF, POLYMode 4: OMNI OFF, MONO
: Song Position
: Song Select
: Tune
: Local ON/OFF
: All Notes OFF
: Active Sense
: Reset
True #
: Cloc k
: Commands
X
*********
X
O
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
*********
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
O: Yes
X: No
41
Model LM16 [Specifications]
Declaration of EC Directive
This equipment is compatible with the EMC Directive (2004/108/EC) - Directive on approximation of member
nation's ordinance concerning the electromagnetic compatibility and with the Low Voltage Directive (73/23/
EEC) - Directive on approximation of member nation's ordinance concerning electric equipment designed to
be used within the specified voltage range.
The Affect of Immunity on This Equipment
The affect of the European Specification EN61000-6-1 (coexistence of electromagnetic waves - common
immunity specification) on this equipment are as shown below.
In the electrical fast transient/burst requirements, surge, conducted disturbances by radio-frequency fields, power
frequency magnetic field, radiate electromagnetic field requirements and static electricity discharging environment,
this could be affected by generation of noise in some cases.
FOSTEX DISTRIBUTORS LIST IN EUROPE
* Including non-EU countries (as of March 2007)
<AUSTRIA>
NAME: ATEC Audio-u. Videogeraete VertriebsgesmbH.
ADD: Im Winkel 5, A-2325 Velm, Austria
TEL: (+43) 2234-74004, FAX: (+43) 2234-74074
<BELGIUM>
NAME: General Audio
ADD: Raymond Pelgrimslaan 101, B-1702 GrootBijgaarden, Belgium
TEL: (+32) 2-4630650, FAX: (+32) 2-4661500
NAME: Audio Bauer Pro AG
ADD: Bernerstrasse-Nord 182, CH-8064 Zurich,
Switzerland
TEL: (+41) 1-4323230, FAX: (+41) 1-4326558
<UK>
NAME: SCV London
ADD: 40 Chigwell Lane, Oakwood Hill Industrial Estate,
Loughton, Essex IG10 3NY U. K.
TEL: (+44) 20-8418-0778, FAX: (+44) 20-8418-0624
42
Model LM16 [Specifications]
FOR THE US CUSTOMERS ONLY
FOSTEX AMERICA LIMITED WARRANTY
The following statement defines specific legal rights. You may also have additional rights depending on the
state in which the Fostex product was purchased.
W ARRANTY PRO TECTION
All Fostex parts are warranted for one (1) year from the date of original purchase, except for recording
media, such as hard disc drives and compact flash cards, heads, lamps and fuses, which are warranted, for
one hundred-eighty (180) days. Fostex America will repair and / or replace parts during the term of this
warranty. Labor costs are also covered by Fostex America for one (1) year from the date of original purchase.
Except as specified below, this warranty covers all defects in material and workmanship in this product.
The following are not covered by this warranty:
1.Batteries.
2.Damage to any product that has been altered.
3.Damage to any product on which the original serial number has been defaced, modified or removed.
4.Damage to or deterioration of the external cabinet.
5.Damage occurring during shipment of the product. (NOTE: Shipping claims must be presented to the
carrier.)
6.Damage resulting from accident, misuse, abuse or neglect.
7.Damage resulting from failure to perform routine maintenance and / or calibration procedures.
8.Damage resulting from failure to follow instruction in the owner's manual.
9.Damage resulting from repair or attempted repair or by someone other than a Fostex America
Service technician or a technician at an authorized Fostex America service station.
10.Damage resulting from causes other than product defects, including lack of technical skill,
competence or experience on the part of the user.
11.External appearance items such as cosmetic parts, knobs, liquid crystal displays, buttons, etc.
12.Replacements or repairs necessitated by loss or damages resulting from any cause beyond the
control of Fostex America.
13.Damage resulting from misuse or abuse on rental units.
NOTE:FOSTEX AMERICA IS NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR D AT A LOST OR DAMAGED DURING
OPERA TION OF THIS PRODUCT.
CALIBRA TION AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES ARE NOT COVERED BY THIS
WARRANTY.
Fostex America reserves the right to inspect all products submitted pursuant to this warranty.
If such an inspection shows reasonable cause to believe that any of the above exclusions to the above
warranty are applicable, then Fostex America or the authorized service station will charge prevailing service
rates and parts, costs for any repairs.
43
Model LM16 [Specifications]
FOSTEX AMERICA LIMITED WARRANTY
To claim all warranty service, first access www.fostex.com to receive service authorization (RMA number). Then present the authorization together with the bill of sale, which shows the date of original
purchase to Fostex America. This warranty is not transferable.
SHIPPING
If this product needs service, you must take it, or package it carefully, using ample packaging materials
to prevent damage during shipment and mail it to the distributor from whom you have purchased this
product, postage pre-paid and insured.
NOTE: Fostex America will not assume responsibility for damages or losses occurred in transit, but will
reasonably assist the sender in processing any claims whenever possible (such as submitting statements to the carriers when applicable).
Any collect or C.O.D. shipments will be refused. In order to obtain warranty repairs, you must include
the following:
1.Date proof of original purchase (copy of bill of sale or charge slip).
2.A note describing the problem with sufficient particularity to allow Fostex America to inspect or
adjust the problem.
3.All accessory items appurtenant to that problem.
LIMITATIONS OF IMPLIED W ARRANTIES
AND EXCLUSIONS OF CERTAIN DAMAGES
Unless considered unenforceable or unlawful under applicable law:
A.All implied warranties - including warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular pur
pose - are limited in duration to term of this warranty and to the express coverage of this
warranty;
B.Fostex America's liability for any defect product is expressly limited to repair or replacement of
the product, at the sole discretion and / or option of Fostex America. Fostex America shall not
under any circumstances be liable for:
1.Damaged based on inconvenience, loss of use of the product, loss of time,
interrupted operation or commercial loss, OR;
2.Any damages, whether incidental, consequential or otherwise, except damages
which may not be excluded by under applicable law.
C.Fostex America makes no other warranties, express or implied, above and / or beyond the
representations made herein.
WARRANTY APPLIES ONLY T O THOSE PRODUCTS SOLD AND
DISTRIBUTED BY FOSTEX AMERICA
Service Department
FOSTEX AMERICA
9 Mars Court Boonton, NJ 07005
TEL: 973-394-0015 FAX: 973-394-0800
Email: support@fostexusa.com
Web: www.fostex.com
44
Index
Model LM16 [Specifications]
<A>
Adjusting the input level ...............................................28
<B>
Balanced type .............................................................18
Bus ..............................................................................27