Fortinet FortiGate FortiGate-3016B, FortiGate-3600A, FortiGate-3810A Install Manual

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INSTALL GUIDE
FortiGate-3016B, FortiGate-3600A and FortiGate-3810A FortiOS 3.0 MR5
www.fortinet.com
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FortiGate-3016B, FortiGate-3600A and FortiGate-3810A Install Guide
!
FortiOS 3.0 MR5 13 November 2007 01-30005-0343-20071113
© Copyright 2007 Fortinet, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication including text, examples, diagrams or illustrations may be reproduced, transmitted, or translated in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, manual, optical or otherwise, for any purpose, without prior written permission of Fortinet, Inc.
Trademarks
Dynamic Threat Prevention System (DTPS), APSecure, FortiASIC, FortiBIOS, FortiBridge, FortiClient, FortiGate, FortiGate Unified Threat Management System, FortiGuard, FortiGuard-Antispam, FortiGuard­Antivirus, FortiGuard-Intrusion, FortiGuard-Web, FortiLog, FortiAnalyzer, FortiManager, Fortinet, FortiOS, FortiPartner, FortiProtect, FortiReporter, FortiResponse, FortiShield, FortiVoIP, and FortiWiFi are trademarks of Fortinet, Inc. in the United States and/or other countries. The names of actual companies and products mentioned herein may be the trademarks of their respective owners.
Regulatory compliance
FCC Class A Part 15 CSA/CUS
Caution: Risk of Explosion if Battery is replaced by an Incorrect Type. Dispose of Used Batteries According to the Instructions.
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Contents
Contents
Contents.............................................................................................. 3
Introduction ........................................................................................ 7
Register your FortiGate unit ............................................................................. 7
About the FortiGate unit ................................................................................... 8
FortiGate-3016B............................................................................................ 8
FortiGate-3600A............................................................................................ 8
FortiGate-3810A............................................................................................ 8
Fortinet Family Products .................................................................................. 9
FortiGuard Subscription Services ................................................................. 9
FortiClient...................................................................................................... 9
FortiMail ........................................................................................................ 9
FortiAnalyzer ............................................................................................... 10
FortiReporter ............................................................................................... 10
FortiBridge................................................................................................... 10
FortiManager............................................................................................... 10
About this document....................................................................................... 10
Document conventions................................................................................ 11
Typographic conventions...................................................................... 11
FortiGate documentation ................................................................................ 11
Fortinet Knowledge Center ......................................................................... 13
Comments on Fortinet technical documentation......................................... 13
Customer service and technical support ...................................................... 13
Installing the FortiGate unit ............................................................ 15
Environmental specifications......................................................................... 15
Installing AMC fillers on the FortiGate-3810A ............................................. 15
Rack mount instructions .............................................................................. 16
Powering on the FortiGate unit ...................................................................... 16
Powering off the FortiGate unit ...................................................................... 18
Connecting the FortiGate unit ........................................................................ 18
Web-based manager................................................................................... 18
Front control buttons and LCD .................................................................... 18
Command line interface .............................................................................. 18
Connecting to the web-based manager......................................................... 19
System Dashboard ............................................................................... 20
Connecting to the CLI ..................................................................................... 20
LCD front control buttons............................................................................... 21
Using the front control buttons and LCD ..................................................... 22
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Contents
Factory defaults ............................................................................... 25
NAT/Route mode default network configuration.......................................... 25
Transparent mode default network configuration........................................ 26
Default protection profiles.............................................................................. 27
Restoring the default settings........................................................................ 27
Restoring the default settings using the web-based manager .................... 28
Restoring the default settings using the CLI ............................................... 28
Configuring....................................................................................... 29
Planning the FortiGate configuration ............................................................ 29
NAT/Route mode ........................................................................................ 29
NAT/Route mode with multiple external network connections .................... 30
Transparent mode....................................................................................... 31
Preventing the public interface from responding to ping requests ........... 31
NAT/Route mode installation ......................................................................... 32
Preparing to configure the FortiGate unit in NAT/Route mode ................... 32
DHCP or PPPoPE configuration ................................................................. 34
Using the web-based manager ................................................................... 34
Configuring basic settings .................................................................... 34
Adding a default route .......................................................................... 35
Verifying the web-based manager configuration .................................. 36
Verify the connection ............................................................................ 36
Using the command line interface............................................................... 36
Configuring the FortiGate unit for NAT/Route mode ............................ 36
Adding a default route .......................................................................... 38
Verify the connection ............................................................................ 38
Using the front control buttons and LCD ..................................................... 39
Adding a default gateway using the LCD ............................................. 39
Verify the connection ............................................................................ 39
Connecting the FortiGate unit to the network(s) ......................................... 40
Configuring the networks ............................................................................ 40
Transparent mode installation ....................................................................... 41
Preparing to configure Transparent mode .................................................. 41
Using the web-based manager ................................................................... 41
Using the command line interface............................................................... 42
Using the front LCD .................................................................................... 43
Adding a default gateway using the LCD ............................................. 43
Verifying the front control buttons and LCD.......................................... 44
Verify the connection ............................................................................ 44
Connecting the FortiGate unit to your network ........................................... 44
Verify the connection ............................................................................ 45
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Contents
Next Steps ........................................................................................................ 45
firewall policy configuration ......................................................................... 45
Set the date and time .................................................................................. 46
Updating antivirus and IPS signatures ........................................................ 47
Updating from the web-based manager ............................................... 47
Updating from the CLI........................................................................... 48
Scheduling antivirus and IPS updates from the CLI ............................. 48
Adding an override server..................................................................... 49
FortiGate Firmware .......................................................................... 51
Upgrading to a new firmware version............................................................ 51
Using the web-based manager ................................................................... 51
Using the CLI .............................................................................................. 52
Reverting to a previous firmware version ..................................................... 52
Using the web-based manager ................................................................... 53
Using the CLI .............................................................................................. 54
Installing firmware from a system reboot using the CLI.............................. 55
Restoring the previous configuration........................................................... 57
Using a USB key .............................................................................................. 57
Backup and Restore from a USB key ......................................................... 57
Using the USB Auto-Install feature ............................................................. 58
Additional CLI Commands for a USB key ................................................... 59
Testing a new firmware image before installing it........................................ 60
Index.................................................................................................. 63
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Contents
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Introduction Register your FortiGate unit
Introduction
Welcome and thank you for selecting Fortinet products for your real-time network protection.
The FortiGate™ Unified Threat Management System improves network security, reduces network misuse and abuse, and helps you use communications resources more efficiently without compromising the performance of your network. FortiGate Unified Threat Management Systems are ICSA-certified for firewall, IPSec, and antivirus services.
The FortiGate Unified Threat Management Systemis a dedicated, easily managed security device that delivers a full suite of capabilities, which include:
application-level services such as virus protection and content filtering
network-level services such as firewall, intrusion detection, VPN and traffic shaping
The FortiGate Unified Threat Management System uses Fortinet’s Dynamic Threat Prevention System (DTPS™) technology, which leverages breakthroughs in chip design, networking, security and content analysis. The unique ASIC-based architecture analyzes content and behavior in real-time, enabling key applications to be deployed right at the network edge where they are most effective at protecting your networks.
Register your FortiGate unit
Register the FortiGate unit by visiting http://support.fortinet.com and select Product Registration.
To register, enter your contact information and the serial numbers of the FortiGate units that you or your organization have purchased. You can register multiple FortiGate units in a single session without re-entering your contact information.
By registering your FortiGate unit, you will receive updates to threat detection and prevention databases (Antivirus, Intrusion Detection, etc.) and will also ensure your access to technical support.
For more information, see the Fortinet Knowledge Centre article “Registration Frequently Asked Questions” (http://kc.forticare.com/default.asp?id=2071).
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About the FortiGate unit Introduction
About the FortiGate unit
FortiGate-3016B
The FortiGate-3016B provides the carrier-class levels of performance and
Esc Enter
FG-AMC-SW
reliability demanded by large enterprises and service providers. The unit uses a 64-bit, dual core processor and FortiASIC chips to deliver a throughput meeting the needs of the most demanding applications. The FortiGate-3016B includes redundant power supplies to minimize single-point failures, including load-balanced operation and redundant failover with no interruption in service. The high capacity, reliability, and easy management of the FortiGate-3016B makes it a natural choice for managed service offerings. The FortiGate-3016B includes 16 SFP ports using FortiAccel technology. The FortiGate-3016B also provides expandability options with an additional single­width AMC card slot.
123 5 7 9 11 13 15 17
CONSOLE
MODEM
4
6 8 10 12 14 16 18
POWER
STATUS
FortiGate-3600A
The FortiGate-3600A provides the carrier-class levels of performance and reliability demanded by large enterprises and service providers. The unit uses multiple CPUs and FortiASIC chips to deliver a throughput meeting the needs of the most demanding applications. The FortiGate-3600A includes redundant power supplies to minimize single-point failures, including load­balanced operation and redundant failover with no interruption in service. The high capacity, reliability, and easy management of the FortiGate-3600A makes it a natural choice for managed service offerings. The FortiGate-3600A includes two SFP ports using FortiAccel technology. The FortiGate-3600A provides expandability options with an additional single-width AMC card slot.
FortiGate-3810A
The FortiGate-3810A provides the carrier-class levels of performance and reliability demanded by large enterprises and service providers. The unit uses two dual core CPUs and FortiASIC chips to deliver a throughput meeting the needs of the most demanding applications. The unit includes redundant power supplies to minimize single-point failures, including load-balanced operation and redundant failover with no interruption in service. FortiGate-3810A supports high throughput, high flexibility and expandability options with four AMC card slots; two single-width and two double-width.
Esc Enter
Esc Enter
CONSOLE
PWR
7856341
2
AMC-SW1
-E4
AMC-SW2
USB
CONSOLE
AUX
STATUS
POWER
12345678
9 10
910
Hi-Temp
USB
MODEM
AMC-DW1
AMC-DW2
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Introduction Fortinet Family Products
Fortinet Family Products
Fortinet offers a family of products that includes both software and hardware appliances, for a complete network security solution including mail, logging, reporting, network management, and security along with FortiGate Unified Threat Management Systems. For more information on the Fortinet product family, visit the Fortinet web site at www.fortinet.com/products.
FortiGuard Subscription Services
FortiGuard Subscription Services are security services created, updated and managed by a global team of Fortinet security professionals. They ensure the latest attacks are detected and blocked before harming your corporate resources or infecting your end-user computing devices. These services are created with the latest security technology and designed to operate with the lowest possible operational costs.
FortiGuard Subscription Services includes:
FortiGuard Antivirus Service
FortiGuard Intrusion Prevention subscription services (IPS)
FortiGuard Web Filtering
FortiGuard Antispam Service
FortiGuard Premier Service
An online virus scanner and virus encyclopedia is also available for your reference.
FortiClient
FortiMail
FortiClient™ Host Security software provides a secure computing environment for both desktop and laptop users running the most popular Microsoft Windows operating systems. FortiClient offers many features including:
creating VPN connections to remote networks
configuring real-time protection against viruses
guarding against modification of the Windows registry
virus scanning
FortiClient also offers a silent installation feature, enabling an administrator to efficiently distribute FortiClient to several users’ computers with preconfigured settings.
FortiMail™ Secure Messaging Platform provides powerful, flexible heuristic scanning and reporting capabilities to incoming and outgoing email traffic. The FortiMail unit has reliable, high performance features for detecting and blocking malicious attachments such as Distributed Checksum Clearinghouse (DCC) scanning and Bayesian scanning. Built on Fortinet’s award winning FortiOS and FortiASIC technology, FortiMail antivirus technology extends full content inspection capabilities to detect the most advanced email threats.
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About this document Introduction
FortiAnalyzer
FortiAnalyzer™ provides network administrators with the information they need to enable the best protection and security for their networks against attacks and vulnerabilities. The FortiAnalyzer unit features include:
collects logs from FortiGate devices and syslog devices
generates hundreds of reports using collected log data
scans and reports vulnerabilities
stores files quarantined from a FortiGate unit
The FortiAnalyzer unit can also be configured as a network analyzer to capture real-time traffic on areas of your network where firewalls are not employed. You can also use the unit as a storage device where users can access and share files, including the reports and logs that are saved on the FortiAnalyzer hard disk.
FortiReporter
FortiReporter™ Security Analyzer software generates easy-to-understand reports and can collect logs from any FortiGate unit, as well as over 30 network and security devices from third-party vendors. FortiReporter reveals network abuse, manages bandwidth requirements, monitors web usage, and ensures employees are using the office network appropriately. FortiReporter allows IT administrators to identify and respond to attacks, including identifying ways to proactively secure their networks before security threats arise.
FortiBridge
FortiBridge™ products are designed to provide enterprise organizations with continuous network traffic flow in the event of a power outage or a FortiGate system failure. The FortiBridge unit bypasses the FortiGate unit to make sure that the network can continue processing traffic. FortiBridge products are easy to use and deploy, and you can customize the actions a FortiBridge unit takes when a power failure or a FortiGate system failure occurs.
FortiManager
The FortiManager™ system is designed to meet the needs of large enterprises (including managed security service providers) responsible for establishing and maintaining security policies across many dispersed FortiGate installations. With this system, you can configure multiple FortiGate devices and monitor their status. You can also view real-time and historical logs for the FortiGate devices, including updating firmware images of managed FortiGate devices. The FortiManager System emphasizes ease of use, including easy integration with third party systems.
About this document
This document explains how to install and configure your FortiGate unit onto your network. This document also includes how to install and upgrade new firmware versions on your FortiGate unit.
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Introduction FortiGate documentation
!
This document contains the following chapters:
Installing the FortiGate unit – Describes setting up and powering on a FortiGate unit.
Factory defaults – Provides the factory default settings for the FortiGate unit.
Configuring – Provides an overview of the operating modes of the FortiGate unit and how to integrate the FortiGate unit into your network.
FortiGate Firmware – Describes how to install, update, restore and test firmware for the FortiGate device.
Document conventions
The following document conventions are used in this guide:
In the examples, private IP addresses are used for both private and public IP addresses.
Notes and Cautions are used to provide important information:
Note: Highlights useful additional information.
Caution: Warns you about commands or procedures that could have unexpected or
undesirable results including loss of data or damage to equipment.
Typographic conventions
FortiGate documentation uses the following typographical conventions:
Convention Example
Keyboard input In the Gateway Name field, type a name for the remote VPN
Code examples config sys global
CLI command syntax config firewall policy
Document names FortiGate Administration Guide
Menu commands Go to VPN > IPSEC > Phase 1 and select Create New.
Program output Welcome!
Varia bles
peer or client (for example, Central_Office_1).
set ips-open enable
end
edit id_integer
set http_retry_count <retry_integer> set natip <address_ipv4mask>
end
<address_ipv4>
FortiGate documentation
The most up-to-date publications and previous releases of Fortinet product documentation are available from the Fortinet Technical Documentation web site at http://docs.forticare.com.
The following FortiGate product documentation is available:
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FortiGate documentation Introduction
FortiGate QuickStart Guide
Provides basic information about connecting and installing a FortiGate unit.
FortiGate Install Guide
Describes how to install a FortiGate unit. Includes a hardware reference, default configuration information, installation procedures, connection procedures, and basic configuration procedures. Choose the guide for your product model number.
FortiGate Administration Guide
Provides basic information about how to configure a FortiGate unit, including how to define FortiGate protection profiles and firewall policies; how to apply intrusion prevention, antivirus protection, web content filtering, and spam filtering; and how to configure a VPN.
FortiGate online help
Provides a context-sensitive and searchable version of the Administration Guide in HTML format. You can access online help from the web-based
manager as you work.
FortiGate CLI Reference
Describes how to use the FortiGate CLI and contains a reference to all FortiGate CLI commands.
FortiGate Log Message Reference
Available exclusively from the Fortinet Knowledge Center, the FortiGate Log Message Reference describes the structure of FortiGate log messages and provides information about the log messages that are generated by FortiGate units.
FortiGate High Availability User Guide
Contains in-depth information about the FortiGate high availability feature and the FortiGate clustering protocol.
FortiGate IPS User Guide
Describes how to configure the FortiGate Intrusion Prevention System settings and how the FortiGate IPS deals with some common attacks.
FortiGate IPSec VPN User Guide
Provides step-by-step instructions for configuring IPSec VPNs using the web­based manager.
FortiGate SSL VPN User Guide
Compares FortiGate IPSec VPN and FortiGate SSL VPN technology, and describes how to configure web-only mode and tunnel-mode SSL VPN access for remote users through the web-based manager.
FortiGate PPTP VPN User Guide
Explains how to configure a PPTP VPN using the web-based manager.
FortiGate Certificate Management User Guide
Contains procedures for managing digital certificates including generating certificate requests, installing signed certificates, importing CA root certificates and certificate revocation lists, and backing up and restoring installed certificates and private keys.
FortiGate VLANs and VDOMs User Guide
Describes how to configure VLANs and VDOMS in both NAT/Route and Transparent mode. Includes detailed examples.
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Introduction Customer service and technical support
Fortinet Knowledge Center
The knowledge center contains troubleshooting and how-to articles, FAQs, technical notes, and more. Visit the Fortinet Knowledge Center at
http://kc.forticare.com.
Comments on Fortinet technical documentation
Please send information about any errors or omissions in this document, or any Fortinet technical documentation, to techdoc@fortinet.com.
Customer service and technical support
Fortinet Technical Support provides services designed to make sure that your Fortinet systems install quickly, configure easily, and operate reliably in your network.
Please visit the Fortinet Technical Support web site at http://support.fortinet.com to learn about the technical support services that Fortinet provides.
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Customer service and technical support Introduction
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Installing the FortiGate unit Environmental specifications
!
Installing the FortiGate unit
This section provides information on installing and setting up the FortiGate unit on your network. This section includes the following topics:
Environmental specifications
Powering on the FortiGate unit
Powering off the FortiGate unit
Connecting the FortiGate unit
Connecting to the web-based manager
Connecting to the CLI
LCD front control buttons
Environmental specifications
Operating temperature: 41 to 95°F (5 to 35°C)
If you install the FortiGate unit in a closed or multi-unit rack assembly, the operating ambient temperature of the rack environment may be greater than room ambient temperature. Therefore, make sure to install the equipment in an environment compatible with the manufacturer's maximum rated ambient temperature.
Storage temperature: -4 to 176°F (-20 to 80°C)
Humidity: 10 to 90% non-condensing
Air flow - For rack installation, make sure that the amount of air flow required for safe operation of the equipment is not compromised.
For free-standing installation, make sure that the appliance has at least 1.5 in. (3.75 cm) of clearance on each side to allow for adequate air flow and cooling.
Caution: Ensure the FortiGate unit is connected and properly grounded to a lightning and surge protector to a terminal within the building. The equipment is to be connected only without routing to the outside plant.
Do not connect or disconnect cables during lightning activity to avoid damage to the FortiGate unit or personal injury.
Installing AMC fillers on the FortiGate-3810A
The FortiGate-3810A includes four AMC fillers modules. Install the fillers on any AMC slots you do not have an AMC card installed.
Note: AMC modules are not hot swappable. Always ensure you properly shut down the FortiGate unit before installing or removing a module.
Note: The FortiGate-3810A supports only one FortiGate-ASM-S08 hard disk module.
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Powering on the FortiGate unit Installing the FortiGate unit
To install the filler module
1 Pull the latch on the filler module to the extended position.
2 Insert the module by applying moderate force to the front faceplate to slide the
module into the slot.
The filler module should glide smoothly into the chassis. If you encounter any resistance while sliding the module in, the module could be aligned incorrectly. Pull the module back out and try inserting it again.
3 Press the hot swap latch to lock in the module.
Rack mount instructions
Elevated Operating Ambient - If installed in a closed or multi-unit rack assembly,
the operating ambient temperature of the rack environment may be greater than room ambient. Therefore, consideration should be given to installing the equipment in an environment compatible with the maximum ambient temperature (Tma) specified by the manufacturer.
Reduced Air Flow - Installation of the equipment in a rack should be such that the amount of air flow required for safe operation of the equipment is not compromised.
Mechanical Loading - Mounting of the equipment in the rack should be such that a hazardous condition is not achieved due to uneven mechanical loading.
Circuit Overloading - Consideration should be given to the connection of the equipment to the supply circuit and the effect that overloading of the circuits might have on overcurrent protection and supply wiring. Appropriate consideration of equipment nameplate ratings should be used when addressing this concern.
Reliable Earthing - Reliable earthing of rack-mounted equipment should be maintained.
Particular attention should be given to supply connections other than direct connections to the branch circuit (e.g. use of power strips).
If required to fit into a rack unit, remove the rubber feet from the bottom of the FortiGate unit.
Powering on the FortiGate unit
The FortiGate unit does not have an on/off switch.
To power on the FortiGate unit
1 Connect the power cables to the power connections on the back of the FortiGate
unit.
2 Connect the power cables to power outlets.
Each power cable should be connected to a different power source. If one power source fails, the other may still be operative.
After a few seconds, SYSTEM STARTING appears on the LCD. The main menu setting appears on the LCD when the system is running.
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Installing the FortiGate unit Powering on the FortiGate unit
The FortiGate unit starts and the Power and Status LEDs light up. The Status LEDs flash while the FortiGate unit starts up, and remain lit when the system is running.
Note: If only one power supply is connected, an audible alarm sounds to indicate a failed power supply. Press the red alarm cancel button on the rear panel next to the power supply to stop the alarm.
Table 1: LED indicators for the FortiGate-3600A and FortiGate-3810A
LED State Description
Power Green The FortiGate unit is powered on.
Off The FortiGate unit is powered off.
Staus Green The FortiGate unit is on and running normally.
Flashing The FortiGate unit is starting up
Hi-Temp FortiGate-3600A
Interface LEDs Green The correct cable is in use and the connected
Green The internal temperature has reached abnormally high
Off Normal internal temperature range.
Flashing Green
Off No link established.
temperatures.
equipment has power. Ports 1 to 8 connect at 10/100/1000 Mb. Ports 9 and 10 connect at up to 1000 Mb.
Network activity at this interface.
Table 2: LED indicators for the FortiGate-3016A
LED State Description
Power Green The FortiGate unit is powered on.
Off The FortiGate unit is powered off.
Staus Green The FortiGate unit is on and running normally.
Flashing The FortiGate unit is powered off.
Port 1 and 2 (Right)
Port 1 and 2 (Left)
Port 3 to 18 Green The correct cable is in use and the connected
Green The correct cable is in use and the connected
Flashing Green
Green Connection at 1000 Mb.
Amber Connection at 100 Mb
Off Connection at 10 Mb.
Flashing Green
equipment has power.
Network activity at this interface.
equipment has power.
Network activity at this interface.
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Powering off the FortiGate unit Installing the FortiGate unit
Powering off the FortiGate unit
Always shut down the FortiGate operating system properly before turning off the power switch to avoid potential hardware problems.
To power off the FortiGate unit
1 From the web-based manager, go to System > Status.
2 In the Unit Operation display, select Shutdown, or from the CLI enter:
execute shutdown
3 Disconnect the power cables from the power supply.
Connecting the FortiGate unit
There are three methods of connecting and configuring the basic FortiGate settings:
the web-based manager
the front control buttons and LCD
the command line interface (CLI)
Web-based manager
You can configure and manage the FortiGate unit using HTTP or a secure HTTPS connection from any computer running Microsoft Internet Explorer 6.0 or recent browser. The web-based manager supports multiple languages.
You can use the web-based manager to configure most FortiGate settings, and monitor the status of the FortiGate unit.
Front control buttons and LCD
You can use the front control buttons and LCD on the FortiGate unit to configure IP addresses, default gateways and switch operating modes. The LCD shows you what mode you are in without having to go to the command line interface or the web-based manager. For more information on the front control buttons and LCD, see “LCD front control buttons” on page 21.
Command line interface
You can access the FortiGate command line interface (CLI) by connecting a management computer serial port to the FortiGate serial console connector. You can also use Telnet or an SSH connection to connect to the CLI from any network that is connected to the FortiGate unit, including the Internet.
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Installing the FortiGate unit Connecting to the web-based manager
Connecting to the web-based manager
Configuration changes made with the web-based manager are effective immediately, without resetting the firewall or interrupting service.
To connect to the web-based manager, you require:
a computer with an Ethernet connection
Microsoft Internet Explorer version 6.0 or higher or any recent version of the most popular web browser
a crossover Ethernet cable or an Ethernet hub and two Ethernet cables
Note: Before starting Internet Explorer, (or any recent version of the most popular web browser), ping to your FortiGate unit to see if the connection between the computer and the FortiGate unit is working properly.
To connect to the web-based manager
1 Set the IP address of the computer with an Ethernet connection to the static IP
address 192.168.1.2 with a netmask of 255.255.255.0.
2 Connect Port 1, of the FortiGate unit to your network.
3 Connect the interface of the computer to the same network.
4 Start Internet Explorer and browse to the address https://192.168.1.99 (remember
to include the “s” in https://)
To support a secure HTTPS authentication method, the FortiGate unit ships with a self-signed security certificate, and is offered to remote clients whenever they initiate a HTTPS connection to the FortiGate unit. When you connect, the FortiGate unit displays two security warnings in the browser.
The first warning prompts you to accept and optionally install the FortiGate unit’s self-signed security certificate. If you do not accept the certificate, the FortiGate unit refuses the connection. If you accept the certificate, the FortiGate login page appears. The credentials entered are encrypted before they are sent to the FortiGate unit. If you choose to accept the certificate permanently, the warning is not displayed again.
Just before the FortiGate login page is displayed, a second warning informs you that the FortiGate certificate distinguished name differs from the original request. This warning occurs because the FortiGate unit redirects the connection. This is an informational message. Select OK to continue logging in.
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Connecting to the CLI Installing the FortiGate unit
Figure 1: FortiGate login
5 Type admin in the Name field and select Login.
System Dashboard
After logging into the web-based manager, the web browser displays the system dashboard. The dashboard provides you with all system status information in one location. For details on the information displayed on the dashboard, see the
FortiGate Administration Guide.
Connecting to the CLI
As an alternative to the web-based manager, you can install and configure the FortiGate unit using the CLI. Configuration changes made with the CLI are effective immediately, without resetting the firewall or interrupting service.
To connect to the FortiGate CLI you require:
a computer with an available communications port
the RJ-45 to DB9 cable included in your FortiGate package
terminal emulation software such as HyperTerminal for Microsoft Windows
Note: The following procedure uses Microsoft Windows HyperTerminal software. You can apply these steps to any terminal emulation program.
To connect to the CLI
1 Connect the null-modem cable to the communications port of your computer and
to the FortiGate console port.
2 Start HyperTerminal, enter a name for the connection, and select OK.
3 Configure HyperTerminal to connect directly to the communications port on your
computer and select OK.
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Installing the FortiGate unit LCD front control buttons
4 Select the following port settings and select OK:
Bits per second 9600
Data bits 8
Parity None
Stop bits 1
Flow control None
5 Press Enter to connect to the FortiGate CLI.
The login prompt appears.
6 Type admin and press Enter twice.
The following prompt is displayed:
Welcome!
Type ? to list available commands. For information about how to use the CLI, see the FortiGate CLI Reference.
LCD front control buttons
You can use the front control buttons and LCD to configure the basic settings on your FortiGate unit. This configuration method provides an easy and fast method to configure your FortiGate unit. You can configure:
IP addresses
netmasks
default gateways
operating modes
restore factory default settings
The LCD provides information on the FortiGate unit’s operating mode and whether or not it is part of a High Availability (HA) cluster. Figure 2 shows the default LCD main menu setting of a FortiGate unit, operating in NAT/Route mode and not connected to a HA cluster.
Figure 2: Default LCD main menu settings
Menu [ Fortigat -> ] NAT, Standalone
Table 3: LCD main menu definitions
Menu The menu the LCD currently displays.
[Fortigat ->] The FortiGate unit.
NAT The current operational mode of the FortiGate unit.
Standalone The FortiGate unit is not part of a HA cluster. For more information
on standalone mode and HA, see the FortiGate Administration
Guide.
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LCD front control buttons Installing the FortiGate unit
The front control buttons control how you enter and exit the different menus when configuring the different ports and interfaces. The front control buttons also enables you to increase or decrease each number for configuring IP addresses, default gateway addresses, or netmasks. The following table defines each button and what it does when configuring the basic settings of your FortiGate unit.
Table 4: Front control button definitions
Enter Enables you to move forward through the configuration process.
Esc Enables you to move backward, or exit out of the menu you are in.
Up Allows you to increase the number for an IP address, default gateway address
Down Allows you to decrease the number for an IP address, default gateway
or netmask.
address or netmask.
Using the front control buttons and LCD
When the LCD displays the main menu setting, you can begin to configure the IP addresses, netmasks, default gateways, and if required, change the operating mode. Use the following procedures as a guide when configuring your FortiGate unit in “Configuring” on page 29.
To enter an IP address
1 Press Enter to select the interfaces.
2 Press the up and down buttons to highlight the interface you want to configure an
IP address for, and then press Enter.
3 Press Enter for the IP address.
4 Press the up and down buttons to increase or decrease the number.
5 Press Enter to select the number.
6 Repeat steps 4 and 5 for all numbers of the IP address.
Use the above steps to configure netmasks and default gateways.
To change the operating mode
1 Make sure the LCD displays the main menu setting.
2 Press Enter to select the interfaces.
3 Press the up and down buttons to highlight the menu Change to bridge mode.
4 Press Enter to change to Transparent mode.
The FortiGate unit changes to Transparent mode. This may take a few minutes.
5 The LCD should display the following:
Figure 3: LCD main menu setting for Transparent mode
Menu [ Fortigat -> ] Transparent, Standalone
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Installing the FortiGate unit LCD front control buttons
To reset to factory defaults
1 Make sure the LCD displays the main menu setting.
2 Press Enter to go to the interfaces.
3 Press the up and down arrows to highlight the menu Restore Defaults.
4 Press Enter.
The FortiGate unit resets to factory default settings. This may take a few minutes.
For more information on restoring your factory default settings, see “Restoring the
default settings” on page 27.
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LCD front control buttons Installing the FortiGate unit
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Factory defaults NAT/Route mode default network configuration
Factory defaults
The FortiGate unit ships with a factory default configuration. The default configuration enables you to connect to and use the FortiGate web-based manager to configure the FortiGate unit onto the network. To configure the FortiGate unit on to the network you add an administrator password, change the network interface IP addresses, add DNS server IP addresses, and, if required, configure basic routing.
If you plan to operate the FortiGate unit in Transparent mode, you can switch to Transparent mode from the factory default configuration and then configure the FortiGate unit onto the network in Transparent mode.
The factory default firewall configuration includes a single network address translation (NAT) policy that allows users on your internal network to connect to the external network and stops users on the external network from connecting to the internal network. You can add more firewall policies to provide more control of the network traffic passing through the FortiGate unit.
The factory default protection profiles can be used to apply different levels of antivirus protection, web content filtering, spam filtering, and IPS to the network traffic controlled by firewall policies.
The following topics are included in this section:
NAT/Route mode default network configuration
Transparent mode default network configuration
Default protection profiles
Default protection profiles
Restoring the default settings
NAT/Route mode default network configuration
When the FortiGate unit is first powered on, it is running in NAT/Route mode and has the basic network configuration listed in Table 5 on page 26. This configuration enables you to connect to the FortiGate unit web-based manager and establish the configuration required to connect the FortiGate unit to the network. In Table 5 on page 26, HTTPS administrative access means you can connect to the web-based manager using HTTPS protocol through this interface. Ping administrative access means this interface responds to ping requests.
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Transparent mode default network configuration Factory defaults
Table 5: Factory default NAT/Route mode network configuration
Administrative account
Port 1 Netmask: 255.255.255.0
Port 2 Netmask: 192.168.2.99
Ports 3-10 Ports 3-18 (FortiGate-3016B)
Network Settings
User name: admin
Password: (none)
IP: 192.168.1.99
Administrative Access: HTTPS, Ping
IP: 0.0.0.0
Administrative Access: Ping
IP: 0.0.0.0
Netmask: 0.0.0.0
Administrative Access: Ping
Default Gateway (for default route) 192.168.100.1
Interface connected to external network (for default route)
Default Route A default route consists of a default gateway and the
name of the interface connected to the external network (usually the Internet). The default gateway directs all non­local traffic to this interface and to the external network.
Primary DNS: 65.39.139.53
Secondary DNS: 65.39.139.63
port 1
Transparent mode default network configuration
In Transparent mode, the FortiGate unit has the default network configuration listed in Table 6 on page 26.
Table 6: Factory default Transparent mode network configuration
Administrator account
Management IP
DNS
Administrative access Port 2-10
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User name: admin
Password: (none)
IP: 0.0.0.0
Netmask: 0.0.0.0
Primary DNS server: 65.39.139.53
Secondary DNS server: 65.39.139.63
Port 1 HTTPS, Ping
Ping
Ports 2-18 (FortiGate-3016B)
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Factory defaults Default protection profiles
!
Default protection profiles
Use protection profiles to apply different protection settings for traffic controlled by firewall policies. You can use protection profiles to:
configure antivirus protection for HTTP, FTP, IMAP, POP3, and SMTP firewall policies
configure Web filtering for HTTP firewall policies
configure Web category filtering for HTTP firewall policies
configure spam filtering for IMAP, POP3 and SMTP firewall policies
enable the Intrusion Protection System (IPS) for all services
enable content logging for HTTP, FTP, IMAP, POP3, and SMTP firewall policies
By using protection profiles, you can build protection configurations that can be applied to different types of firewall policies. This allows you to customize types and levels of protection for different firewall policies.
For example, while traffic between internal and external addresses might need strict protection, traffic between trusted internal addresses might need moderate protection. You can configure firewall policies for different traffic services to use the same or different protection profiles.
Protection profiles can be added to NAT/Route mode and Transparent mode firewall policies.
The FortiGate unit comes preconfigured with four protection profiles.
Strict To apply maximum protection to HTTP, FTP, IMAP, POP3, and SMTP traffic.
Scan To apply antivirus scanning and file quarantining to HTTP, FTP, IMAP,
Web To apply antivirus scanning and web content blocking to HTTP content
Unfiltered To apply no scanning, blocking or IPS. Use if you do not want to apply
You may not use the strict protection profile under normal circumstances but it is available if you have problems with viruses and require maximum screening.
POP3, and SMTP content traffic.
traffic. You can add this protection profile to firewall policies that control HTTP traffic.
content protection to content traffic. You can add this protection profile to firewall policies for connections between highly trusted or highly secure networks where content does not need to be protected.
Restoring the default settings
Should you mistakenly change a network setting and cannot recover from it, you can revert to the factory default settings and start over again.
Caution: This procedure deletes all changes you have made to the FortiGate configuration and reverses the system to its original configuration, including resetting interface addresses.
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Restoring the default settings Factory defaults
Restoring the default settings using the web-based manager
To reset the default settings
1 Go to System > Status.
2 In the Unit Information area, select Reset to factory default.
Restoring the default settings using the CLI
To reset the default settings enter the following command:
execute factoryreset
Note: If you want to restore factory default settings using the front control buttons and LCD, see “LCD front control buttons” on page 21.
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Configuring Planning the FortiGate configuration
Configuring
This section provides an overview of the operating modes of the FortiGate unit. Before beginning to configure the FortiGate unit, you need to plan how to integrate the unit into your network. Your configuration plan depends on the operating mode you select: NAT/Route mode or Transparent mode.
This section includes the following topics:
Planning the FortiGate configuration
Preventing the public interface from responding to ping requests
NAT/Route mode installation
Transparent mode installation
Next Steps
Planning the FortiGate configuration
Before you can configure the FortiGate unit, you need to plan how to integrate the unit into the network. Among other things, you must decide whether you want the unit to be visible to the network, which firewall functions you want it to provide, and how you want it to control the traffic flowing between its interfaces.
Your configuration plan depends on the operating mode you select. You can configure the FortiGate unit in one of two modes: NAT/Route mode (the default) or Transparent mode.
You can also configure the FortiGate unit and the network it protects using the default settings.
NAT/Route mode
In NAT/Route mode, the FortiGate unit is visible to the network. Like a router, all its interfaces are on different subnets.
You can add firewall policies to control whether communications through the FortiGate unit operates in NAT or Route mode. Firewall policies control the flow of traffic based on the source address, destination address, and service of each packet. In NAT mode, the FortiGate unit performs network address translation before it sends the packet to the destination network. In Route mode, there is no address translation.
You typically use NAT/Route mode when the FortiGate unit is operating as a gateway between private and public networks. In this configuration, you would create NAT mode firewall policies to control traffic flowing between the internal, private network and the external, public network (usually the Internet).
Note: If you have multiple internal networks, such as a DMZ network in addition to the internal, private network, you could create route mode firewall policies for traffic flowing between them.
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Planning the FortiGate configuration Configuring
Figure 4: Example NAT/Route mode configuration.
Internal
network
Port2
Internet
Port1
FortiGate-3600A
Port 3
NAT policies controlling
traffic between internal
and external networks.
Route mode policies controlling traffic between Internal networks.
DMZ
network
NAT/Route mode with multiple external network connections
In NAT/Route mode, you can configure the FortiGate unit with multiple redundant connections to the external network (usually the Internet).
For example, you could create the following configuration:
Port 1 is the default interface to the external network (usually the Internet)
Port 2 is the internal interface to the internal network
Port 3 is the redundant interface to the external network
You must configure routing to support redundant Internet connections. Routing can automatically redirect connections from an interface if its connection to the external network fails.
Otherwise, security policy configurations is similar to a NAT/Route mode configuration with a single Internet connection. You would create NAT mode firewall policies to control traffic following between the internal, private network and the external, public network (usually the Internet).
Note: If you have multiple networks, such as a DMZ network in addition to the internal private network, you could create route mode firewall policies for traffic flowing between them.
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Configuring Preventing the public interface from responding to ping requests
Figure 5: Example NAT/Route mode multiple Internet connection configuration.
Internal
Network
Port 2
Internet
Port 1
Port 3
Port 4
FortiGate-3600A
DMZ
Network
NAT mode policies controlling
traffic between internal
and external networks.
Transparent mode
In Transparent mode, the FortiGate unit is invisible to the network. Similar to a network bridge, all FortiGate interfaces must be on the same subnet. You only have to configure a management IP address so that you can make configuration changes. The management IP address is also used for antivirus and attack definition updates.
You typically use the FortiGate unit in Transparent mode on a private network behind an existing firewall or behind a router. The FortiGate unit performs firewall functions, IPSec VPN, virus scanning, IPS web content filtering, and Spam filtering.
Figure 6: Example Transparent mode configuration.
FortiGate-3600A
Internet
Router
(or public switch)
Transparent mode policies controlling traffic between internal and external networks.
Preventing the public interface from responding to ping
Internal
network
requests
The factory default configuration of your FortiGate unit allows the default public interface to respond to ping requests. The default public interface is also called the external interface, and is the interface of the FortiGate unit that is usually connected to the Internet.
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NAT/Route mode installation Configuring
For the most secure operation, you should change the configuration of the external interface so that it does not respond to ping requests. Not responding to ping requests makes it more difficult for a potential attacker to detect your FortiGate unit from the Internet.
The default public interface is the Port 1 interface.
A FortiGate unit responds to ping requests if ping administrative access is enabled for that interface.
To disable ping administrative access from the web-based manager
1 Log into the FortiGate web-based manager.
2 Go to System > Network > Interface.
3 Select Edit for Port 1.
4 Clear the Ping Administrative Access check box.
5 Select OK to save the changes.
To disable ping administrative access from the FortiGate CLI
1 Log into the FortiGate CLI.
2 Disable administrative access to the external interface. Enter:
config system interface
edit port1
unset allowaccess
end
NAT/Route mode installation
This section describes how to install and configure the FortiGate unit in NAT/Route mode.
Preparing to configure the FortiGate unit in NAT/Route mode
Use Table 7 on page 33 to gather the information you need to customize NAT/Route mode settings.
You can configure the FortiGate unit in using any of the following methods:
The web-based manager GUI is a complete interface for configuring most settings. See “Using the web-based manager” on page 34.
The command line interface (CLI) is a complete text-based interface for configuring all settings. See “Using the command line interface” on page 36.
The front control buttons and LCD provide access to basic settings. See “Using
the front control buttons and LCD” on page 39.
The method you choose depends on the complexity of the configuration, access and equipment, and the type of interface you are most comfortable using.
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Configuring NAT/Route mode installation
Table 7: NAT/Route mode settings
Administrator Password:
Port 1
Port 2
Port 3
Port 4
Port 5
Port 6
Port 7
Port 8
Port 9
Port 10
IP: _____._____._____._____
Netmask: _____._____._____._____
IP: _____._____._____._____
Netmask: _____._____._____._____
IP: _____._____._____._____
Netmask: _____._____._____._____
IP: _____._____._____._____
Netmask: _____._____._____._____
IP: _____._____._____._____
Netmask: _____._____._____._____
IP: _____._____._____._____
Netmask: _____._____._____._____
IP: _____._____._____._____
Netmask: _____._____._____._____
IP: _____._____._____._____
Netmask: _____._____._____._____
IP: _____._____._____._____
Netmask: _____._____._____._____
IP: _____._____._____._____
Netmask: _____._____._____._____
Port 11
IP: _____._____._____._____
Netmask: _____._____._____._____
IP: _____._____._____._____
Port 12
Netmask: _____._____._____._____
IP: _____._____._____._____
Port 13
Netmask: _____._____._____._____
IP: _____._____._____._____
Port 14
Netmask: _____._____._____._____
IP: _____._____._____._____
Port 15
Netmask: _____._____._____._____
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NAT/Route mode installation Configuring
Port 16
Port 17
Port 18
Network settings
DHCP or PPPoPE configuration
You can configure any FortiGate interface to acquire its IP address from a DHCP or PPPoE server. Your Internet Service Provider (ISP) may provide addresses using one of these protocols.
To use the FortiGate DHCP server, you need to configure an IP address range and default route for the server. No configuration information is required for interfaces that are configured to use DHCP.
IP: _____._____._____._____
Netmask: _____._____._____._____
IP: _____._____._____._____
Netmask: _____._____._____._____
IP: _____._____._____._____
Netmask: _____._____._____._____
Default Gateway: _____._____._____._____
(Interface connected to external network)
A default route consists of a default gateway and the name of the interface connected to the external network (usually the Internet). The default gateway directs all non-local traffic to this interface and to the external network.
Primary DNS Server: _____._____._____._____
Secondary DNS Server: _____._____._____._____
PPPoE requires you to supply a user name and password. In addition, PPPoE unnumbered configurations require you to supply an IP address. Use Tab l e 8 o n
page 34 to record the information you require for your PPPoE configuration.
Table 8: PPPoE settings
User name:
Password:
Using the web-based manager
You can use the web-based manager for the initial configuration of the FortiGate unit and all FortiGate unit settings.
For information about connecting to the web-based manager, see “Connecting to
the web-based manager” on page 19.
Configuring basic settings
After connecting to the web-based manager, use the following procedures to complete the basic configuration of the FortiGate unit.
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Configuring NAT/Route mode installation
To add/change the administrator password
1 Go to System > Admin > Administrators.
2 Select the Change Password icon for the admin administrator.
3 Enter the new password and enter it again to confirm.
4 Select OK.
To configure interfaces
1 Go to System > Network > Interface.
2 Select the edit icon for an interface.
3 Set the addressing mode for the interface.
Choose from manual, DHCP, or PPPoE.
4 Complete the addressing configuration.
For manual addressing, enter the IP address and netmask for the interface.
For DHCP addressing, select DHCP and any required settings.
For PPPoE addressing, select PPPoE, and enter the username and password and any other required settings.
For information about how to configure these and other interface settings, see the FortiGate online help or the FortiGate Administration Guide.
5 Select OK.
6 Repeat this procedure for each interface.
Note: If you change the IP address of the interface you are connecting to, you must
connect through a web browser again using the new address. Browse to https:// followed by the new IP address of the interface. If the new IP address of the interface is on a different subnet, you may have to change the IP address of your computer to the same subnet.
To configure DNS sever settings
1 Go to System > Network > Options.
2 Enter the IP address of the primary DNS server.
3 Enter the IP address of the secondary DNS server.
4 Select Apply.
Adding a default route
Add a default route to configure where the FortiGate unit sends traffic destined for an external network (usually the Internet). Adding the default route also defines which interface is connected to an external network. The default route is not required if the interface connected to the external network is configured using DHCP or PPPoE.
To add a default route
1 Go to Router > Static.
2 If the Static Route table contains a default route (IP and Mask set to 0.0.0.0),
select the Delete icon to delete this route.
3 Select Create New.
4 Enter the Destination IP and netmask.
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NAT/Route mode installation Configuring
5 Set Device to the interface connected to the external network.
6 Enter the default gateway IP address.
7 Select OK.
Verifying the web-based manager configuration
To verify access settings, go to the interface you want to verify and select the edit icon. The Administrative Access field should have check marks beside the settings you chose in the preceeding steps.
Verify the connection
To verify your connection, try the following:
browse to www.fortinet.com
retrieve or send email from your email account
If you cannot browse to the web site or retrieve/send email from your account, review the previous steps to ensure all information was entered correctly and try again.
Using the command line interface
You can also configure the FortiGate unit using the command line interface (CLI). For information about connecting to the CLI, see “Connecting to the CLI” on
page 20.
Configuring the FortiGate unit for NAT/Route mode
Use the information you gathered in Table 7 on page 33 to complete the following procedures.
To add/change the administrator password
1 Log into the CLI.
2 Change the admin administrator password. Enter:
config system admin
edit admin
set password <psswrd>
end
To configure interface
1 Log into the CLI.
2 Set the IP address and netmask of the internal interface to the internal IP address
and netmask you recorded in Table 7 on page 33. Enter:
config system interface
edit <interface>
set mode static set ip <address_ip> <netmask>
end
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Configuring NAT/Route mode installation
Example
config system interface
edit port2
set mode static set ip 192.168.120.99 255.255.255.0
end
3 Set the IP address and netmask of the external interface to the external IP
address and netmask you recorded in Table 7 on page 33.
config system interface
edit <interface>
set mode static set ip <address_ip> <netmask>
end
Example
config system interface
edit port1
set mode static set ip 204.28.1.5 255.255.255.0
end
To set the external interface to use DHCP, enter:
config system interface
edit <interface>
set mode dhcp
end
To set the external interface to use PPPoE, enter:
config system interface
edit <interface>
set mode pppoe set connection enable set username <name_str> set password <psswrd>
end
4 Use the same syntax to set the IP address of each FortiGate interface as
required.
5 Confirm that the addresses are correct. Enter:
get system interface
The CLI lists the IP address, netmask, and other settings for each of the FortiGate interfaces.
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NAT/Route mode installation Configuring
To configure DNS server settings
Set the primary and secondary DNS server IP address. Enter:
config system dns
set primary <address_ip> set secondary <address_ip>
end
Example
config system dns
set primary 293.44.75.21 set secondary 293.44.75.22
end
Adding a default route
Add a default route to configure where the FortiGate unit sends traffic destined for an external network (usually the Internet). Adding the default route also defines which interface is connected to an external network. The default route is not required if the interface connected to the external network is configured using DHCP or PPPoE.
To add a default route
Set the default route to the Default Gateway IP address. Enter:
config router static
edit <seq_num>
set dst <class_ip&net_netmask> set gateway <gateway_IP> set device <interface>
end
Example
If the default gateway IP is 204.23.1.2 and this gateway is connected to Port 1:
config router static
edit 1
set dst 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 set gateway 204.23.1.2 set device port1
end
Verify the connection
To verify the connection, try the following:
ping the FortiGate unit
browse to the web-based manager GUI
retrieve or send email from your email account
If you cannot browse to the web site or retrieve/send email from your account, review the previous steps to ensure all information was entered correctly and try again.
You are now finished the initial configuration of the FortiGate unit.
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Configuring NAT/Route mode installation
Using the front control buttons and LCD
Basic settings, including interface IP addresses, netmasks, default gateways, and the FortiGate operating mode can be configured using the LCD and front control buttons on the FortiGate unit. Use the information you recorded in Ta b l e 7 o n
page 33 to complete the following procedure. Start when the main menu setting is
displayed on the LCD.
To change the IP address and netmask of an interface
1 Press Enter to display the interface list.
2 Use the up and down arrows to highlight the name of the interface to change and
press Enter.
3 Press Enter for IP address.
4 Use the up and down arrow keys to increase or decrease the value of each IP
address digit. Press Enter to move to the next digit. Press Esc to move to the previous digit.
5 After you set the last digit of the IP address, press Enter.
6 Use the down arrow to highlight Netmask.
7 Press Enter and change the Netmask.
8 After you set the last digit of the Netmask, press Enter.
9 Press Esc to return to the main menu setting.
Note: When you enter an IP address, the LCD always shows three digits for each part of
the address. For example, the IP address 192.168.100.1 appears on the LCD as
192.168.100.001. The IP address 192.168.23.45 appears as 192.168.023.045.
Adding a default gateway using the LCD
The default gateway is usually configured for the interface connected to the Internet.
To add a default gateway to an interface
1 Press Enter to display the interface list.
2 Use the down arrow key to highlight the name of the interface connected to the
Internet and press Enter.
3 Use the down arrow to highlight Default Gateway.
4 Press Enter and set the default gateway.
5 After you set the last digit of the default gateway, press Enter.
6 Press Esc to return to the main menu setting.
To verify the interface settings entered from the front control buttons and LCD, go to the web-based manager, System > Network > Interface.
Verify the connection
To verify your connection, try the following:
browse to www.fortinet.com
retrieve or send email from your email account
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NAT/Route mode installation Configuring
If you cannot browse to the web site or retrieve/send email from your account, review the previous steps to ensure all information was entered correctly and try again.
Connecting the FortiGate unit to the network(s)
When you have completed the initial configuration, you can connect the FortiGate unit between your internal network and the Internet.
To connect the FortiGate unit
1 Connect Port 1to the Internet.
2 Connect Port 2 interface to the hub or switch connected to your internal network.
3 Optionally, connect the other interfaces to networks as required.
You can use a DMZ network to provide access from the Internet to a web server or other server without installing the servers on your internal network.
Figure 7: FortiGate-3600A NAT/Route mode connections
Internal
network
Internet
Configuring the networks
If you are running the FortiGate unit in NAT/Route mode, your networks must be configured to route all Internet traffic to the IP address of the interface where the networks are connected.
For the internal network, change the default gateway address of all computers and routers connected directly to your internal network to the IP address of the FortiGate internal interface.
For the DMZ network, change the default gateway address of all computers and routers connected directly to your DMZ network to the IP address of the FortiGate interface connecting to the DMZ.
Router
(or public switch)
Port 1
Hub or switch
Port 2
Port 3
FortiGate-3600A
DMZ network
Web Server
Mail Server
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Configuring Transparent mode installation
For the external network, route all packets to the FortiGate external interface (Port 1).
If you are using the FortiGate unit as the DHCP server for your internal network, configure the computers on your internal network for DHCP.
Make sure the connected FortiGate unit is functioning properly by connecting to the Internet from a computer on the internal network. You should be able to connect to any Internet address.
Transparent mode installation
This section describes how to install and configure the FortiGate unit and run in Transparent mode.
Preparing to configure Transparent mode
Use Table 9 on page 41 to gather the information you need to customize Transparent mode settings.
You can configure Transparent mode using one of the following three methods:
the web-based manager GUI
the command line interface (CLI)
the front control buttons and LCD
The method you choose depends on the complexity of the configuration, access and equipment, and the type of interface you are most comfortable using.
Table 9: Transparent mode settings
Administrator Password:
IP: _____._____._____._____
Netmask: _____._____._____._____
Management IP
DNS Settings
Default Gateway: _____._____._____._____
The management IP address and netmask must be valid for the network from which you will manage the FortiGate unit. Add a default gateway if the FortiGate unit must connect to a router to reach the management computer.
Primary DNS Server: _____._____._____._____
Secondary DNS Server: _____._____._____._____
Using the web-based manager
You can use the web-based manager to complete the initial configuration of the FortiGate unit. You can continue to use the web-based manager for all FortiGate unit settings. For information about connecting to the web-based manager, see
“Connecting to the web-based manager” on page 19.
The first time you connect to the FortiGate unit, it is configured to run in NAT/Route mode. You need to change to Transparent mode.
To switch to Transparent mode using the web-based manager
1 Go to System > Status.
2 Select Change beside the Operation Mode.
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Transparent mode installation Configuring
3 Select Transparent.
4 Enter the Management IP/Netmask address and the Default Gateway address
you gathered in Table 9 on page 41.
5 Select Apply.
You do not have to reconnect to the web-based manager at this time. Once you select Apply, the changes are immediate, and you can go to the system dashboard to verify the FortiGate unit has changed to Transparent mode.
To configure DNS server settings
1 Go to System > Network > Options.
2 Enter the IP address of the primary DNS server.
3 Enter the IP address of the secondary DNS server.
4 Select Apply.
Using the command line interface
As an alternative to the web-based manager, you can begin the initial configuration of the FortiGate unit using the command line interface. To connect to the CLI, see “Connecting to the CLI” on page 20. Use the information you gathered in Table 9 on page 41 to complete the following procedures.
To change to Transparent mode using the CLI
1 Switch to Transparent mode. Enter:
config system settings
set opmode transparent set manageip <address_ip> <netmask> set gateway <address_gateway>
end
2 When the login prompt appears, enter the following:
get system settings
The CLI displays the status of the FortiGate unit including the management IP address and netmask:
opmode : transparent manageip : <address_ip><netmask>
You should verify the DNS server settings are correct. The DNS settings carry over from NAT/Route mode and may not be correct for your specific Transparent mode configuration.
To verify the DNS server settings
Enter the following commands to verify the FortiGate unit’s DNS server settings:
show system dns
The above CLI command should give you the following DNS server setting information:
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Configuring Transparent mode installation
config system dns
set primary 293.44.75.21 set secondary 293.44.75.22 set fwdintf internal
end
To configure DNS server settings
Set the primary and secondary DNS server IP addresses. Enter:
config system dns
set primary <address_ip> set secondary <address_ip>
end
Using the front LCD
Use the information you recorded in Table 9 on page 41 to complete this procedure. Starting with the main menu setting displayed on the LCD, use the front control buttons and LCD to complete the following procedure.
To change the management IP address and netmask
1 Press Enter to display the option list.
2 Use the up or down arrows to highlight Management Interface.
3 Set the management interface IP address.
Use the up and down arrow keys to increase or decrease the value of each IP address digit. Press Enter to move to the next digit. Press Esc to move to the previous digit.
4 After you set the last digit of the IP address, press Enter.
5 Use the down arrow to highlight Netmask.
6 Press Enter and set the management IP Netmask.
7 After you set the last digit of the Netmask, press Enter.
8 Press Esc to return to the main menu setting.
Note: When you enter the IP address, the LCD always shows three digits for each part of
the address. For example, the IP address 192.168.100.1 appears on the LCD as
192.168.100.001. The IP address 192.168.23.45 appears as 192.168.023.045.
Adding a default gateway using the LCD
The default gateway is usually configured for the interface connected to the Internet.
To add a default gateway to an interface
1 Press Enter to display the interface list.
2 Use the down arrow key to highlight the name of the interface connected to the
Internet and press Enter.
3 Use the down arrow to highlight Default Gateway.
4 Press Enter and set the default gateway.
5 After you set the last digit of the default gateway, press Enter.
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Transparent mode installation Configuring
6 Press Esc to return to the main menu setting.
Verifying the front control buttons and LCD
To verify the interface settings entered from the front control buttons and LCD, go to the web-based manager, System > Network > Interface.
Verify the connection
To verify your connection, try the following:
browse to www.fortinet.com
retrieve or send email from your email account
If you cannot browse to the web site or retrieve/send email from your account, review the previous steps to ensure all information was entered correctly and try again.
Connecting the FortiGate unit to your network
When you complete the initial configuration, you can connect the FortiGate unit between your internal network and the Internet.
To connect the FortiGate unit running in Transparent mode
1 Connect Port 1 to the network segment connected to the external firewall or
router.
1 Connect Port 2 to the hub or switch connected to your internal network.
2 Optionally connect any interface to hubs or switches connected to your other
networks.
Figure 8: FortiGate-3600A Transparent mode connections
Internal
network
Switch
or router
Port 2
Internet
Router
(or public switch)
Port 1
Port 3
FortiGate-3600A
Other
network
Switch
or router
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Configuring Next Steps
Verify the connection
To verify the connection, try the following:
ping the FortiGate unit
browse to the web-based manager GUI
retrieve or send email from your email account
If you cannot browse to the web site or retrieve/send email from your account, review the previous steps to ensure all information was entered correctly and try again.
Next Steps
You can use the following information to configure FortiGate system time and to configure antivirus and attack definition updates.
Refer to the FortiGate Administration Guide for complete information on configuring, monitoring, and maintaining your FortiGate unit.
firewall policy configuration
FortiGate firewall policies control how the FortiGate unit processes all traffic. Until firewall policies are added, no traffic can be accepted by or pass through the FortiGate unit. To allow traffic through the FortiGate unit, you add firewall policies.
The following steps add two policies that allows all traffic through the FortiGate unit, to enable you to continue testing the configuration on the network.
To add an outgoing traffic firewall policy
1 Go to Firewall > Policy.
2 Select Create New.
3 Set the following and select OK.
Source Interface Select the port connected to the network.
Source Address All
Destination Interface Select the port connected to the Internet.
Destination Address All
Schedule always
Service Any
Action Accept
To add an incoming traffic firewall policy
1 Go to Firewall > Policy.
2 Select Create New.
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Next Steps Configuring
3 Set the following and select OK.
Source Interface Select the port connected to the Internet.
Source Address All
Destination Interface Select the port connected to the network.
Destination Address All
Schedule always
Service Any
Action Accept
Firewall policy configuration is the same in NAT/Route mode and Transparent mode.
Note that these policies allow all traffic through. No protection profiles have been applied. Ensure you create additional firewall policies to accommodate your network requirements.
Set the date and time
For effective scheduling and logging, the FortiGate system date and time must be accurate. You can either manually set the system date and time or configure the FortiGate unit to automatically keep its time correct by synchronizing with a Network Time Protocol (NTP) server.
To set the date and time
1 Go to System > Status.
2 Under System Information > System Time, select Change.
3 Select Refresh to display the current FortiGate system date and time.
4 Select your Time Zone from the list.
5 Optionally, select Automatically adjust clock for daylight saving changes.
6 Select Set Time and set the FortiGate system date and time.
7 Set the hour, minute, second, month, day, and year as required.
8 Select OK.
Note: If you choose the option Automatically adjust clock for daylight saving changes, the
system time must be manually adjusted after daylight savings time ends.
To use NTP to set the FortiGate date and time
1 Go to System > Status.
2 Under System Information > System Time, select Change.
3 Select Synchronize with NTP Server.
4 Enter the IP address or domain name of the NTP server.
5 Specify how often the FortiGate unit synchronizes its with the NTP server.
6 Select OK.
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Configuring Next Steps
Updating antivirus and IPS signatures
You can configure the FortiGate unit to connect to the FortiGuard Distribution Network (FDN) to update the antivirus (including grayware), antispam and IPS attack definitions.
The FDN is a world wide network of FortiGuard Distribution Servers (FDS). When the FortiGate unit connects to the FDN, it connects to the nearest FDS. To do this, all FortiGate units are programmed with a list of FDS addresses sorted by nearest time zone according to the time zone configured for the FortiGate unit.
You can update your antivirus and IPS signatures using the web-based manager or the CLI. Before you can begin receiving updates, you must register your FortiGate unit on the Fortinet Customer Service site at
https://support.fortinet.com.
Note: Update AV and IPS signatures on a regular basis. If you do not update AV and IPS signatures regularly, the FortiGate unit can become vulnerable to new viruses.
After registering your FortiGate unit, verify the FortiGate unit can connect to the FDN:
Check that the FortiGate unit’s system time is correct.
From the web-based manager, select refresh from the Update Center.
If you cannot connect to the FDN, follow the procedure for registering your FortiGate unit and try again or see “Adding an override server” on page 49.
Updating from the web-based manager
After you have registered your FortiGate unit, you can update antivirus and IPS signatures using the web-based manager. The Update Center enables you to receive push updates, allow push update to a specific IP address, and schedule updates for daily, weekly, or hourly intervals.
To update antivirus definitions and IPS signatures
1 Go to System > Maintenance > FortiGuard Center.
2 Select the blue arrow for AntiVirus and IPS Downloads to expand the options.
3 Select Update Now to update the antivirus definitions.
If the connection to the FDN is successful, the web-based manager displays a message similar to the following:
Your update request has been sent. Your database will be updated in a few minutes. Please check your update page for the status of the update.
After a few minutes, if an update is available, the System Update Center page lists new version information for antivirus definitions. The System Status page also displays new dates and version numbers for the antivirus definitions. Messages are recorded to the event log indicating whether the update was successful or not.
Note: Updating antivirus definitions can cause a very short disruption in traffic currently being scanned while the FortiGate unit applies the new signature database. Schedule updates when traffic is light, for example overnight, to minimize any disruption.
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Next Steps Configuring
Updating from the CLI
You can update IPS signatures using the CLI interface.
Note: You can only update antivirus definitions from the web-based manager.
To update IPS signatures using the CLI
1 Log into the CLI.
2 Enter the following CLI command:
configure system autoupdate ips
set accept-recommended-settings enable end
Scheduling antivirus and IPS updates from the CLI
You can schedule regular, automatic updates of antivirus and IPS signatures, either from the web-based manager or the CLI.
To enable schedule updates from the web-based manager
1 Go to System > Maintenance > FortiGuard Center.
2 Select the blue arrow for AntiVirus and IPS Downloads to expand the options.
3 Select the Scheduled Update check box.
4 Select one of the following to check for and download updates.
Every Once every 1 to 23 hours. Select the number of hours and
Daily Once a day. You can specify the time of day to check for updates.
Weekly Once a week. You can specify the day of the week and time of day
minutes between each update request.
to check for updates.
5 Select Apply.
The FortiGate unit starts the next scheduled update according to the new update schedule.
Whenever the FortiGate unit runs a scheduled update, the event is recorded in the FortiGate event log.
To enable schedule updates from the CLI
1 Log into the CLI.
2 Enter the following command:
config system autoupdate schedule
set day set frequency set status set time
end
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Configuring Next Steps
Example
config system autoupdate schedule
set update every Sunday set frequency weekly set status enable set time 16:45
end
Adding an override server
If you cannot connect to the FDN, or if your organization provides updates using their own FortiGuard server, you can add the IP address of an override FortiGuard server in either the web-based manager or the CLI.
To add an override server from the web-based manager
1 Go to System > Maintenance > FortiGuard Center.
2 Select the blue arrow for AntiVirus and IPS Downloads to expand the options.
3 Select the Use override server address check box.
4 Type the fully qualified domain name or IP address of a FortiGuard server.
5 Select Apply.
The FortiGate unit tests the connection to the override server.
If the FDN setting changes to available, the FortiGate unit has successfully connected to the override server.
If the FDN stays set to not available, the FortiGate unit cannot connect to the override server. Check the FortiGate configuration and network configuration for settings that would prevent the FortiGate unit from connecting to the override FortiGuard server.
To add an override server using the CLI
1 Log into the CLI.
2 Enter the following command:
config system autoupdate override
set address set status
end
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Next Steps Configuring
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FortiGate Firmware Upgrading to a new firmware version
FortiGate Firmware
Fortinet periodically updates the FortiGate firmware to include enhancements and address issues. After you have registered your FortiGate unit, FortiGate firmware is available for download at the support web site, http://support.fortinet.com.
Only FortiGate administrators (whose access profiles contain system read and write privileges) and the FortiGate admin user can change the FortiGate firmware.
This section includes the following topics:
Upgrading to a new firmware version
Reverting to a previous firmware version
Installing firmware from a system reboot using the CLI
Using a USB key
Testing a new firmware image before installing it
Upgrading to a new firmware version
Use the web-based manager or CLI procedure to upgrade to a new FortiOS firmware version or to a more recent build of the same firmware version.
Using the web-based manager
Note: Installing firmware replaces your current antivirus and attack definitions, along with
the definitions included with the firmware release you are installing. After you install new firmware, make sure that antivirus and attack definitions are up to date. For details, see the
FortiGate Administration Guide.
Note: To use this procedure, you must log in using the admin administrator account, or an administrator account that has system configuration read and write privileges.
To upgrade the firmware
1 Copy the firmware image file to your management computer.
2 Log into the web-based manager as the admin administrative user.
3 Go to System > Status.
4 Under System Information > Firmware Version, select Update.
5 Type the path and filename of the firmware image file, or select Browse and locate
the file.
6 Select OK.
The FortiGate unit uploads the firmware image file, upgrades to the new firmware version, restarts, and displays the FortiGate login. This process takes a few minutes.
7 Log into the web-based manager.
8 Update antivirus and attack definitions. For information about updating antivirus
and attack definitions, see the FortiGate Administration Guide.
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Reverting to a previous firmware version FortiGate Firmware
Using the CLI
Note: Installing firmware replaces your current antivirus and attack definitions, along with
the definitions included with the firmware release you are installing. After you install new firmware, make sure that antivirus and attack definitions are up to date. You can also use the CLI command execute update-now to update the antivirus and attack definitions. For details, see the FortiGate Administration Guide.
Note: To use this procedure, you must log in using the admin administrator account, or an administrator account that has system configuration read and write privileges.
To upgrade the firmware using the CLI
1 Make sure the TFTP server is running.
2 Copy the new firmware image file to the root directory of the TFTP server.
3 Log into the CLI.
4 Make sure the FortiGate unit can connect to the TFTP server.
You can use the following command to ping the computer running the TFTP server. For example, if the IP address of the TFTP server is 192.168.1.168:
execute ping 192.168.1.168
5 Enter the following command to copy the firmware image from the TFTP server to
the FortiGate unit:
execute restore image <name_str> <tftp_ip4>
Where <name_str> is the name of the firmware image file and <tftp_ip> is the IP address of the TFTP server. For example, if the firmware image file name is
image.out and the IP address of the TFTP server is 192.168.1.168, enter:
execute restore image image.out 192.168.1.168
The FortiGate unit responds with the message:
This operation will replace the current firmware version! Do you want to continue? (y/n)
6 Type y.
The FortiGate unit uploads the firmware image file, upgrades to the new firmware version, and restarts. This process takes a few minutes.
7 Reconnect to the CLI.
8 Update antivirus and attack definitions (see the FortiGate Administration Guide),
or from the CLI, enter:
execute update-now
Reverting to a previous firmware version
Use the web-based manager or CLI procedure to revert to a previous firmware version. This procedure reverts the FortiGate unit to its factory default configuration.
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FortiGate Firmware Reverting to a previous firmware version
Using the web-based manager
The following procedures revert the FortiGate unit to its factory default configuration and deletes IPS custom signatures, web content lists, email filtering lists, and changes to replacement messages.
Before beginning this procedures, it is recommended that you:
back up the FortiGate unit configuration
back up the IPS custom signatures
back up web content and email filtering lists
For more information, see the FortiGate Administration Guide.
If you are reverting to a previous FortiOS version, you might not be able to restore the previous configuration from the backup configuration file.
Note: Installing firmware replaces the current antivirus and attack definitions, along with the definitions included with the firmware release you are installing. After you install new firmware, make sure that antivirus and attack definitions are up to date. For details, see the
FortiGate Administration Guide.
Note: To use this procedure, you must log in using the admin administrator account, or an administrator account that has system configuration read and write privileges.
To revert to a previous firmware version
1 Copy the firmware image file to the management computer.
2 Log into the FortiGate web-based manager.
3 Go to System > Status.
4 Under System Information > Firmware Version, select Update.
5 Type the path and filename of the firmware image file, or select Browse and locate
the file.
6 Select OK.
The FortiGate unit uploads the firmware image file, reverts to the old firmware version, resets the configuration, restarts, and displays the FortiGate login. This process takes a few minutes.
7 Log into the web-based manager.
8 Restore your configuration.
For information about restoring your configuration see the FortiGate
Administration Guide.
9 Update antivirus and attack definitions.
For information about antivirus and attack definitions, see the FortiGate
Administration Guide.
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Reverting to a previous firmware version FortiGate Firmware
Using the CLI
This procedure reverts the FortiGate unit to its factory default configuration and deletes IPS custom signatures, web content lists, email filtering lists, and changes to replacement messages.
Before beginning this procedure, it is recommended that you:
back up the FortiGate unit system configuration using the command execute
backup config
back up the IPS custom signatures using the command execute backup
ipsuserdefsig
back up web content and email filtering lists
For more information, see the FortiGate Administration Guide.
If you are reverting to a previous FortiOS version (for example, reverting from FortiOS v3.0 to FortiOS v2.80), you might not be able to restore the previous configuration from the backup configuration file.
Note: Installing firmware replaces your current antivirus and attack definitions, along with the definitions included with the firmware release you are installing. After you install new firmware, make sure that antivirus and attack definitions are up to date. For details, see the
FortiGate Administration Guide. You can also use the CLI command execute
update-now to update the antivirus and attack definitions.
Note: To use this procedure, you must log in using the admin administrator account, or an administrator account that has system configuration read and write privileges.
To use the following procedure, you must have a TFTP server the FortiGate unit can connect to.
To revert to a previous firmware version using the CLI
1 Make sure the TFTP server is running
2 Copy the firmware image file to the root directory of the TFTP server.
3 Log into the FortiGate CLI.
4 Make sure the FortiGate unit can connect to the TFTP server.
You can use the following command to ping the computer running the TFTP server. For example, if the TFTP server’s IP address is 192.168.1.168:
execute ping 192.168.1.168
5 Enter the following command to copy the firmware image from the TFTP server to
the FortiGate unit:
execute restore image <name_str> <tftp_ipv4>
Where <name_str> is the name of the firmware image file and <tftp_ip> is the IP address of the TFTP server. For example, if the firmware image file name is
imagev28.out and the IP address of the TFTP server is 192.168.1.168, enter:
execute restore image image28.out 192.168.1.168
The ForitGate unit responds with this message:
This operation will replace the current firmware version! Do you want to continue? (y/n)
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FortiGate Firmware Installing firmware from a system reboot using the CLI
6 Type y.
The FortiGate unit uploads the firmware image file. After the file uploads, a message similar to the following appears:
Get image from tftp server OK. Check image OK. This operation will downgrade the current firmware version! Do you want to continue? (y/n)
7 Type y.
The FortiGate unit reverts to the old firmware version, resets the configuration to factory defaults, and restarts. This process takes a few minutes.
8 Reconnect to the CLI.
9 To restore your previous configuration, if needed, use the command:
execute restore config <name_str> <tftp_ip4>
10 Update antivirus and attack definitions.
For information, see the FortiGate Administration Guide, or from the CLI, enter:
execute update-now.
Installing firmware from a system reboot using the CLI
This procedure installs a specified firmware image and resets the FortiGate unit to default settings. You can use this procedure to upgrade to a new firmware version, revert to an older firmware version, or re-install the current firmware.
To use this procedure, you must connect to the CLI using the FortiGate console port and a RJ-45 to DB-9 cable. This procedure reverts the FortiGate unit to its factory default configuration.
For this procedure you install a TFTP server that you can connect to from the FortiGate internal interface. The TFTP server should be on the same subnet as the internal interface.
Before beginning this procedure, it is recommended that you:
back up the FortiGate unit configuration
back up the IPS custom signatures
back up web content and email filtering
For more information, see the FortiGate Administration Guide.
If you are reverting to a previous FortiOS version, you might not be able to restore the previous configuration from the backup configuration file.
Note: Installing firmware replaces your current antivirus and attack definitions, along with the definitions included with the firmware release you are installing. After you install new firmware, make sure that antivirus and attack definitions are up to date. For details, see the
FortiGate Administration Guide.
To install firmware from a system reboot
1 Connect to the CLI using the RJ-45 to DB-9 cable port and FortiGate console port.
2 Make sure the TFTP server is running.
3 Copy the new firmware image file to the root directory of the TFTP server.
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Installing firmware from a system reboot using the CLI FortiGate Firmware
4 Make sure the internal interface is connected to the same network as the TFTP
server.
5 To confirm the FortiGate unit can connect to the TFTP server, use the following
command to ping the computer running the TFTP server. For example, if the IP address of the TFTP server is 192.168.1.168:
execute ping 192.168.1.168
6 Enter the following command to restart the FortiGate unit.
execute reboot
The FortiGate unit responds with the following message:
This operation will reboot the system! Do you want to continue? (y/n)
7 Type y.
As the FortiGate unit starts, a series of system startup messages appears. When the following messages appears:
Press any key to display configuration menu..........
Immediately press any key to interrupt the system startup.
Note: You have only 3 seconds to press any key. If you do not press a key soon enough, the FortiGate unit reboots and you must log in and repeat the execute reboot command.
If you successfully interrupt the startup process, the following messages appears:
[G]: Get firmware image from TFTP server. [F]: Format boot device. [Q]: Quit menu and continue to boot with default firmware. [H]: Display this list of options.
Enter G, F, Q, or H:
8 Type G to get to the new firmware image form the TFTP server.
The following message appears:
Enter TFTP server address [192.168.1.168]:
9 Type the address of the TFTP server and press Enter:
The following message appears:
Enter Local Address [192.168.1.188]:
10 Type an IP address the FortiGate unit can use to connect to the TFTP server. The
IP address can be any IP address that is valid for the network the interface is connected to. Make sure you do not enter the IP address of another device on this network.
The following message appears:
Enter File Name [image.out]:
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FortiGate Firmware Using a USB key
11 Enter the firmware image filename and press Enter.
The TFTP server uploads the firmware image file to the FortiGate unit and a message similar to the following appears:
Save as Default firmware/Backup firmware/Run image without saving: [D/B/R]
12 Type D.
The FortiGate unit installs the new firmware image and restarts. The installation might take a few minutes to complete.
Restoring the previous configuration
Change the internal interface address, if required. You can do this from the CLI using the following command:
config system interface
edit <interface>
set ip <address_ip4mask> set allowaccess {ping|https|ssh|telnet|http}
end
After changing the interface address, you can access the FortiGate unit from the web-based manager and restore the configuration.
Using a USB key
Backup and Restore from a USB key
To restore the FortiGate unit configuration
To restore IPS custom signatures
To restore web content filtering
To restore email filtering lists
To update the virus and attack definitions to the most recent version
For more information, see the FortiGate Administration Guide.
A USB key provides flexibility and control when backing up and restoring configuration files. The USB key also enables you to have a single, secure location for storing configuration files.
Use the USB key with the USB Auto-Install feature, automatically installing a configuration file and a firmware image file on a system reboot. The USB Auto-Install feature uses a configuration file and a firmware image file that is on the USB key, and on a system reboot, checks if these files need to be installed. If so, the FortiGate unit installs the configuration file and firmware image file directly from the key to the unit.
Use a USB key to either backup a configuration file or restore a configuration file. You should always make sure the USB key is properly install before proceeding since the FortiGate unit must recognize that the key is installed in its USB port.
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Using a USB key FortiGate Firmware
Note: You can only save VPN certificates if you encrypt the file. Make sure the configuration encryption is enabled so you can save the VPN certificates with the configuration file. However, an encrypted file is ineffective if selected for the USB Auto-Install feature.
To backup configuration using the web-based manager
1 Go to System > Maintenance > Backup and Restore.
2 Select USB Disk from the backup configuration to list.
3 Enter a file name for the configuration file.
4 Select Backup.
To restore configuration web-based manager
1 Go to System > Maintenance > Backup and Restore.
2 Select USB Disk from the restore configuration from list.
3 Select a backup configuration file from the list.
4 Select Restore.
To backup configuration using the CLI
1 Log into the CLI.
2 Enter the following command to backup the configuration files:
exec backup config usb <filename>
3 Enter the following command to check the configuration files are on the key:
exec usb-disk list
To restore configuration using the CLI
1 Log into the CLI.
2 Enter the following command to restore the configuration files:
exec restore image usb <filename>
The FortiGate unit responds with the following message:
This operation will replace the current firmware version!
Do you want to continue? (y/n)
3 Type y.
Using the USB Auto-Install feature
The USB Auto-Install feature automatically updates the FortiGate configuration file and image file on a system reboot. Also, this feature provides you with an additional backup if you are unable to save your system settings before shutting down or rebooting your FortiGate unit.
The following procedures use both the web-based manager and the CLI. However, it is recommended you use the CLI since the login screen may appear before the installation is complete. The FortiGate unit may reboot twice if installing the firmware image and configuration file.
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Note: You need an unencrypted configuration file for this feature. Also the default files, image.out and fgt_system.conf, must be in the root directory.
To configure the USB Auto-Install using the web-based manager
1 Go to System > Maintenance > Backup and Restore.
2 Select the blue arrow to expand the Advanced options.
3 Select the following:
On system restart, automatically update FortiGate configuration file if default file name is available on the USB disk.
On system restart, automatically update FortiGate firmware image if default image is available on the USB disk.
4 Enter the configuration and image file names or use the default configuration
filename (system.conf) and default image name (image.out).
5 The default configuration filename should show in the Default configuration file
name field.
6 Select Apply.
To configure the USB Auto-Install using the CLI
1 Log into the CLI.
2 Enter the following command:
config system auto-install
set default-config-file <filename> set auto-intall-config {enable | disable} set default-image-file <filename> set auto-install-image {enable | disable}
end
3 Enter the following command to see the new firmware installation settings:
get system status
Additional CLI Commands for a USB key
Use the following CLI commands when you want to delete a file from a USB key, list what files are on the key, including formatting the key or renaming a file:
• exec usb-disk list
• exec usb-disk delete <filename>
• exec usb-disk format
• exec usb-disk rename <old_filename1> <old_filename2>
Note: If you are trying to delete a configuration file from the CLI command interface, and the filename contains spaces, you will need quotations around the filename before you can delete the file from the USB key.
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Testing a new firmware image before installing it FortiGate Firmware
Testing a new firmware image before installing it
You can test a new firmware image by installing the firmware image from a system reboot and saving it to system memory. After completing this procedure, the FortiGate unit operates using the new firmware image with the current configuration. This new firmware image is not permanently installed. The next time the FortiGate unit restarts, it operates with the originally installed firmware image using the current configuration. If the new firmware image operates successfully, you can install it permanently using the procedure “Upgrading to a
new firmware version” on page 51.
To use this procedure, you must connect to the CLI using the FortiGate console port and a RJ-45 to DB-9 cable. This procedure temporarily installs a new firmware image using your current configuration.
For this procedure you install a TFTP server that you can connect to from the FortiGate internal interface. The TFTP server should be on the same subnet as the internal interface.
To test the new firmware image
1 Connect to the CLI using a RJ-45 to DB-9 cable and FortiGate console port.
2 Make sure the TFTP server is running.
3 Copy the new firmware image file to the root directory of the TFTP server.
4 Make sure the internal interface is connected to the same integer as the TFTP
server.
You can use the following command to ping the computer running the TFTP server. For example, if the TFTP server’s IP address is 192.168.1.168:
execute ping 192.168.1.168
5 Enter the following command to restart the FortiGate unit:
execute reboot
6 As the FortiGate unit reboots, press any key to interrupt the system startup. As the
FortiGate unit starts, a series of system startup messages appears. When the following messages appears:
Press any key to display configuration menu....
7 Immediately press any key to interrupt the system startup.
Note: You have only 3 seconds to press any key. If you do not press a key soon enough,
the FortiGate unit reboots and you must login and repeat the execute reboot command.
If you successfully interrupt the startup process, the following messages appears:
[G]: Get firmware image from TFTP server. [F]: Format boot device. [Q]: Quit menu and continue to boot with default firmware. [H]: Display this list of options.
Enter G, F, Q, or H:
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8 Type G to get the new firmware image from the TFTP server.
The following message appears:
Enter TFTP server address [192.168.1.168]:
9 Type the address of the TFTP server and press Enter:
The following message appears:
Enter Local Address [192.168.1.188]:
10 Type an IP address of the FortiGate unit to connect to the TFTP server.
The IP address must be on the same network as the TFTP server, but make sure you do not use the IP address of another device on the network.
The following message appears:
Enter File Name [image.out]:
11 Enter the firmware image file name and press Enter.
The TFTP server uploads the firmware image file to the FortiGate unit and the following appears.
Save as Default firmware/Backup firmware/Run image without saving: [D/B/R]
12 Type R.
The FortiGate image is installed to system memory and the FortiGate unit starts running the new firmware image, but with its current configuration.
You can test the new firmware image as required.
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Index
Index
A
adding a default route 35, 38 air flow 15 ambient temperature 15 antivirus updates 47
C
certificate, security 19 CLI
additional commands for USB key 59 connecting 20 upgrading the firmware 52
configuration
DHCP 34 PPPoE 34
connecting
to the CLI 20 to web-based manager 19
D
dashboard, system 20 default
adding a route 35 restoring settings 27
default gateway
using the LCD, front control buttons 39, 43
documentation, FortiGate 11
E
environmental specifications 15
F
factory default
NAT/Route mode config 26 protection profiles 27
Transparent mode config 26 fgt_system.conf 59 firewall configuration 45 firmware
backup and restore from FortiUSB key 57
installing 55
re-installing current version 57
restoring previous config 57
reverting to a previous firmware version 52
reverting using the CLI 54
testing new firmware 60
upgrading using the CLI 52
upgrading using the web-based manager 51 FortiAnalyzer
specs 15 Fortinet Family Products
FortiBridge 10
FortiClient 9
FortiGuard 9
FortiLog 10
FortiMail 9 FortiManager 10 FortiReporter 10
FortiUSB key
backup and restore 57
H
humidity 15
I
IPS signature updates 47
L
LED descriptions 17
N
NAT/Route mode
using LCD, front control buttons 39 using the CLI 36
NTP server
synchronize 46
O
operating temperature 15
P
ping requests, preventing public FortiGate interface re­sponding to ping requests 31 products, fortinet family 9 protection profiles, default 27
R
reconnecting to web-based manager 43 registering FortiGate unit 7 restoring
default settings 27 previous firmware configuration 57
reverting
firmware using the CLI 54 to a previous firmware version 52
S
security certificate 19 specifications
environmental 15
FortiAnalyzer 15 synchronize with NTP server 46 System dashboard 20
T
time zone 46 Transparent mode
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Index
using LCD, front control buttons 43 using the CLI 42 using web-based manager 41
U
updating
adding override server 49 antivirus and IPS, web-based manager 47 IPS using CLI 48
scheduling updates 48 updating antivirus and IPS signatures 47 upgrading
firmware using the CLI 52
firmware using the web-based manager 51 USB Auto-Install 58 USB key 57
additional CLI commands 59
USB Auto-Install 58 using LCD, front control buttons 39, 43 using the web-based manager 41
V
verifying
connection 38
connection, LCD front control buttons 39, 44
connection, web-based manager 36
LCD, front control buttons 44
web-based manager, config 36
W
web-based manager 18
connecting 19
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