Ford Sierra 1983 1990 User Manual

Engine

Oil filter type:

SOHC and DOHC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Champion C102

CVH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Champion C104

Valve clearances (cold):

SOHC:

Inlet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.20 ± 0.03 mm (0.008 ± 0.001 in)

Exhaust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.25 ± 0.03 mm (0.010 ± 0.001 in)

DOHC and CVH:

Inlet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not applicable (hydraulic cam followers)

Exhaust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not applicable (hydraulic cam followers)

Chapter 1

Routine maintenance and servicing

Air cleaner filter element renewal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38

Air cleaner inlet air temperature control check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36

Air conditioner refrigerant charge check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26

Automatic transmission brake band adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

Automatic transmission fluid level check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

Automatic transmission selector lubrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

Auxiliary drivebelt check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

Battery electrolyte level check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6

Battery terminal check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22

Brake fluid renewal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44

Brake system seal and hose renewal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43

Brake pipe and hose check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

Camshaft drivebelt renewal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45

Crankcase ventilation system check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35

Crankcase ventilation vent valve renewal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42

Driveshaft check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30

Electrical system check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

Engine coolant renewal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46

Engine idle speed check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

Engine oil and filter renewal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8

Engine valve clearance check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

Exhaust system check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12

Final drive oil level check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

Fluid leak check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

Fluid level checks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3

Ford Sierra maintenance schedule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1

Front and rear brake pad/shoe check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

Fuel filter renewal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41

Handbrake check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

Hinge and lock check and lubrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

Idle speed linkage clean . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

Ignition system component check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2

Manual gearbox oil level check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

Mixture adjustment check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

Oil filler cap check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

Pulse air filter element renewal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37

Radiator matrix and air conditioner condenser clean . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

Road test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34

Roadwheel security check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

Seat belt check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

Spark plug renewal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

Steering and suspension security check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29

Tyre checks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4

Underbody inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

Wiper blade check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7

1•1

Easy, suitable for
novice with little
experience

Fairly easy, suitable
for beginner with
some experience

Fairly difficult,

suitable for competent
DIY mechanic

Difficult, suitable for
experienced DIY
mechanic

Very difficult,

suitable for expert
DIY or professional

Degrees of difficulty

Specifications

Contents

1

Cooling system

Drivebelt tensions:

Air conditioning system compressor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.0 mm (0.4 in) deflection at the midpoint of the belt’s longest run

under firm thumb pressure

Coolant pump/alternator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.0 mm (0.4 in) deflection midway between coolant pump and

alternator (or power steering pump) pulleys under firm thumb pressure

Fuel system

Air filter element:

Carburettor type:

1.3 and 1.6 litre (SOHC - Ford carburettor) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Champion W110

1.6 litre (SOHC - Weber carburettor) and 1.8 litre SOHC . . . . . . . . Champion W118

1.6 litre (SOHC - 1984-on) and 2.0 litre SOHC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Champion W152

1.8 litre CVH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Champion W219

2.0 litre DOHC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Champion W152

Fuel injection type:

2.0 litre SOHC and DOHC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Champion U507

1.6 and 1.8 litre (R6A type) CVH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Champion W219

Fuel filter:

All fuel injection models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Champion L204

Ignition system

Spark plugs:
Make and type:

All except 1.8 CVH, CVH (R6A), 2.0 DOHC and P100 . . . . . . . . . . . . Champion RF7YCC or RF7YC

1.8 litre CVH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Champion RC7YCC or RC7YC

P100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Champion RF7YC or F7YC

1.6 and 1.8 litre (R6A type) CVH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Champion RC7YCC

2.0 litre DOHC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Champion RC7YCC

Electrode gap*:

Champion F7YCC or RC7YCC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.8 mm (0.032 in)

Champion RF7YC, F7YC or RC7YC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.7 mm (0.028 in)

Ignition HT leads

Resistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 k ohms maximum per lead

Type:

All SOHC models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Champion LS-09 or LS-10 boxed set

1.8 litre CVH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Champion LS-10 boxed set

1.6 and 1.8 litre (R6A type) CVH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Champion LS-30 boxed set

2.0 litre DOHC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Champion LS-29 boxed set

*The spark plug gap quoted is that recommended by Champion for their specified plugs listed above. If spark plugs of any other type are to be
fitted, refer to their manufacturer’s recommendations.

Brakes

Brake pad friction material minimum thickness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5 mm (0.06 in)

Brake shoe friction material minimum thickness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.0 mm (0.04 in)

Torque wrench settings Nm lbf ft

Engine oil drain plug:

SOHC and DOHC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 to 28 16 to 21

CVH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 30 15 to 22

Engine block coolant drain plug (where fitted) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 to 25 16 to 18

Manual gearbox:

Oil filler/level plug:

A,B,C and N types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 to 41 24 to 30

MT75 type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 to 41 21 to 30

Oil drain plug:

MT75 type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 to 41 21 to 30

Final drive oil filler plug . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 45 26 to 33

Roadwheel nuts:

Saloon, Hatchback and Estate models (steel and alloy wheels) . . . . 70 to 100 52 to 74

P100 models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 to 90 63 to 66

Spark plugs:

SOHC models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 28 15 to 21

CVH models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 to 33 13 to 24

DOHC models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 to 21 11 to 15

Brake caliper guide bolts:

Front . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 25 15 to 18

Rear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 to 35 23 to 26

1•2 Servicing specifications

The maintenance intervals in this manual
are provided with the assumption that you will
be carrying out the work yourself. These are
the minimum maintenance intervals
recommended by the manufacturer for
vehicles driven daily. If you wish to keep your
vehicle in peak condition at all times, you may

wish to perform some of these procedures
more often. We encourage frequent
maintenance, because it enhances the
efficiency, performance and resale value of
your vehicle.

If the vehicle is driven in dusty areas, used

to tow a trailer, or driven frequently at slow

speeds (idling in traffic) or on short journeys,
more frequent maintenance intervals are
recommended.

When the vehicle is new, it should be
serviced by a factory-authorised dealer
service department, in order to preserve the
factory warranty.

Capacities

Engine oil

SOHC engines:

With filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.75 litres (6.6 pints)

Without filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.25 litres (5.7 pints)

DOHC engine:

With filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5 litres (7.9 pints)

Without filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.0 litres (7.0 pints)

1.6 litre CVH engine:

With filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5 litres (6.2 pints)

Without filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.25 litres (5.7 pints)

1.8 CVH engines:

With filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.0 litres (7.0 pints)

Without filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5 litres (6.2 pints)

Cooling system (including heater)

SOHC engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.0 litres (14.1 pints)

DOHC engine:

Carburettor models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.0 litres (12.3 pints)

Fuel injection models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3 litres (12.8 pints)

CVH engines:

1.6 and 1.8 litre (R2A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.5 litres (16.7 pints)

1.8 litre (R6A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.9 litres (13.9 pints)

Fuel tank

All models except P100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.0 litres (13.2 gals)

P100 models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.0 litres (14.5 gals)

Manual gearbox

A1 and A2 types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.98 litre (1.72 pints)

B type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.46 litres (2.57 pints)

C type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.25 litres (2.20 pints)

N type up to 1987 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.90 litres (3.34 pints)

N type from 1987 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.25 litres (2.20 pints)

MT75 type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 litres (2.1 pints)

Automatic transmission

C3 type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3 litres (11.1 pints)

A4LD type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5 litres (15.0 pints)

Final drive (from dry)

All models except 1.3 and 1.6 litre Hatchback and P100 . . . . . . . . . . . 0.9 litre (1.6 pints)

1.3 and 1.6 litre Hatchback models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.8 litre (1.4 pints)

P100 models (rear axle) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.14 litres (2.0 pints)

Power steering

All models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.65 litre (1.14 pints)

Servicing specifications 1•3

1

1 Ford Sierra maintenance schedule

1•4 Maintenance schedule

Every 250 miles (400 km) or weekly

mm Check the engine oil level (Section 3)
mm Check the engine coolant level (Section 3)
mm Check the brake fluid level (Section 3)
mm Check the power steering fluid level (Section 3)
mm Check the screen washer fluid level (Section 3)
mm Visually examine the tyres for tread depth, and wear

or damage (Section 4)

mm Check and if necessary adjust the tyre pressures

(Section 4)

mm Check and if necessary top-up the battery electrolyte

level - where applicable (Section 6)

mm Check the operation of the horn, all lights, and the

wipers and washers (Sections 5 and 7)

Every 6000 miles (10 000 km) or
6 months - whichever comes sooner

mm Renew engine oil and filter (Section 8)
mm Check brake pads or shoes for wear (front and rear)

(Section 9)

mm Check operation of brake fluid level warning indicator

(Section 9)

mm Inspect engine bay and underside of vehicle for fluid

leaks or other signs of damage (Section 10)

mm Check function and condition of seat belts

(Section 11)

mm Check condition and security of exhaust system

(Section 12)

mm Check tightness of wheel nuts (Section 13)
mm Clean oil filler cap (Section 14)
mm Check idle speed (where applicable) (Section 15)
mm Check mixture adjustment (where applicable)

(Section 16)

Every 12 000 miles (20 000 km) or
12 months - whichever comes sooner

mm Check automatic transmission fluid level (engine hot)

(Section 17)

mm Check manual gearbox oil level (Section 18)
mm Check operation of latches, check straps and locks;

lubricate if necessary (Section 19)

mm Renew spark plugs (Section 20)
mm Check condition and tension of auxiliary drivebelt(s);

adjust or renew as necessary (Section 21)

mm Check tightness of battery terminals, clean and

neutralise corrosion if necessary (Section 22)

mm Check engine valve clearances - SOHC only

(Section 23)

mm Check handbrake mechanism (Section 24)

Every 24 000 miles (40 000 km) or
2 years - whichever comes sooner

mm Check air cleaner inlet air temperature control

operation (carburettor models) (Section 36)

mm Renew pulse air filter element (1.6 litre CVH)

(Section 37)

mm Renew air cleaner element (Section 38)
mm Clean and inspect distributor cap and HT leads

(Section 39)

mm Check automatic transmission brake band

adjustment (Section 40)

mm Renew fuel filter (fuel-injection models only)

(Section 41)

mm Renew crankcase ventilation vent valve (SOHC and

DOHC) (Section 42)

mm Clean radiator matrix and air conditioning condenser

fins (where applicable) (Section 25)

mm Check air conditioning refrigerant charge (where

applicable) (Section 26)

mm Check final drive oil level (Section 27)
mm Lubricate automatic transmission selector/kickdown

linkage (Section 28)

mm Check security and condition of steering and

suspension components, gaiters and boots
(Section 29)

mm Check condition and security of driveshaft joints and

gaiters (Section 30)

mm Inspect underbody and panels for corrosion or other

damage (Section 31)

mm Inspect brake pipes and hoses (Section 32)
mm Clean idle speed control linkage at throttle (where

applicable) (Section 33)

mm Road test and check operation of ABS (Section 34)
mm Check crankcase ventilation system (Section 35)

Every 36 000 miles (60 000 km) or
3 years - whichever comes sooner

mm Renew brake hydraulic system seals and hoses if

necessary (Section 43)

mm Renew brake hydraulic fluid (Section 44)
mm Renew camshaft drivebelt (optional on SOHC

models - compulsory on CVH) (Section 45)

mm Renew coolant (Section 46)

Every 12 000 miles (20 000 km) or
12 months - whichever comes sooner
(continued)

Maintenance - component location 1•5

1

Underbonnet view of a 1985 2.0 litre SOHC

fuel injection model

1 Battery
2 Brake servo non-return valve
3 Ignition coil
4 Suspension strut top
5 Fuel filter
6 Air cleaner
7 Airflow meter
8 Fuel pressure regulator
9 Air inlet hose
10 Throttle body
11 Alternator
12 VIN plate
13 Windscreen washer reservoir
14 Coolant expansion tank
15 Oil filler cap
16 Idle speed control valve
17 Inlet manifold
18 Brake fluid reservoir
19 Fusebox
20 Windscreen wiper motor
21 Engine oil level dipstick

Underbonnet view of a 1983 2.0 litre SOHC

carburettor model (air cleaner removed)

1 Brake fluid reservoir
2 Windscreen wiper motor
3 Battery
4 Ignition coil
5 Carburettor
6 Distributor
7 Fuel pressure regulator
8 Thermostat housing
9 Radiator top hose
10 Upper fan shroud
11 Alternator
12 Windscreen washer reservoir
13 Oil filler cap
14 Cooler expansion tank
15 Suspension strut top
16 VIN plate
17 Fusebox

1•6 Maintenance - component location

Underbonnet view of a 1990 2.0 litre DOHC

fuel injection model

1 Battery
2 Braking system deceleration-sensitive valve
3 Ignition coil
4 Suspension strut top
5 Air cleaner
6 Plenum chamber
7 Idle speed control valve
8 Distributor
9 Oil filler cap
10 VIN plate
11 Windscreen washer reservoir filler neck
12 Power steering fluid reservoir
13 Coolant expansion tank
14 Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor
15 Brake fluid reservoir
16 Inlet manifold
17 Fuel pressure regulator
18 Fusebox
19 Windscreen wiper motor

Underbonnet view of a 1989 1.8 litre (R2A)

CVH model (air cleaner removed)

1 Battery
2 Suspension strut top
3 Ignition coil
4 Coolant expansion tank
5 Alternator
6 Distributor cap shroud
7 VIN plate
8 Electric cooling fan
9 Radiator top hose
10 Windscreen washer reservoir
11 Fuel vapour separator
12 Thermostat housing
13 Oil filler cap
14 Carburettor
15 Brake fluid reservoir
16 Engine oil level dipstick
17 Windscreen wiper motor
18 Fusebox

Maintenance - component location 1•7

1

Front underside view of a 1990

2.0 GLS model

1 Horns
2 Tie-rod end
3 Tie-rod
4 Gaiter
5 Coolant pump
6 Suspension lower arm
7 Anti-roll bar
8 Starter motor
9 Exhaust downpipes
10 Crossmember
11 Engine sump
12 Oil filter
13 Power steering fluid pump
14 Windscreen washer reservoir
15 Cooling fans

Underbonnet view of a 1992 1.6 litre

CVH model (air cleaner removed)

1 Battery
2 Braking system deceleration-sensitive

valve
3 Suspension strut top
4 Coolant expansion tank
5 Pulse-air filter
6 Vacuum-operated air valve
7 Alternator
8 Cooling fans
9 Oil filler cap
10 Thermostat housing
11 VIN plate
12 Windscreen washer reservoir filler neck
13 Ignition module
14 Pulse-air control solenoid
15 CFI unit
16 Brake fluid reservoir
17 Engine oil level dipstick
18 Manifold absolute pressure (MAP)

Sensor
19 Fusebox
20 Windscreen wiper motor

1•8 Maintenance - component location

Rear underside view of a Hatchback

models

1 Fuel tank
2 Suspension lower arm
3 Lower shock absorber mounting
4 Suspension crossmember
5 Suspension guide plate
6 Final drive unit
7 Exhaust system
8 Propeller shaft
9 Driveshaft

Rear underside view of a P100 model

1 Suspension leaf spring
2 Rear axle
3 Shock absorber
4 Propeller shaft
5 Exhaust system
6 Handbrake cable adjuster
7 Brake load apportioning valve

General information

This Chapter is designed to help the home
mechanic maintain his/her vehicle for safety,
economy, long life and peak performance.

The Chapter contains a master
maintenance schedule, followed by Sections
dealing specifically with each task in the
schedule. Visual checks, adjustments,
component renewal and other helpful items
are included. Refer to the accompanying
illustrations of the engine compartment and
the underside of the vehicle for the locations
of the various components.

Servicing your vehicle in accordance with
the mileage/time maintenance schedule and
the following Sections will provide a planned
maintenance programme, which should result
in a long and reliable service life. This is a
comprehensive plan, so maintaining some
items but not others at the specified service
intervals, will not produce the same results.

As you service your vehicle, you will discover
that many of the procedures can - and should ­be grouped together, because of the particular
procedure being performed, or because of the
close proximity of two otherwise-unrelated
components to one another. For example, if
the vehicle is raised for any reason, the exhaust
can be inspected at the same time as the

suspension and steering components.

The first step in this maintenance
programme is to prepare yourself before the
actual work begins. Read through all the
Sections relevant to the work to be carried
out, then make a list and gather together all
the parts and tools required. If a problem is
encountered, seek advice from a parts
specialist, or a dealer service department.

Intensive maintenance

If, from the time the vehicle is new, the
routine maintenance schedule is followed
closely, and frequent checks are made of fluid
levels and high-wear items, as suggested
throughout this manual, the engine will be
kept in relatively good running condition, and
the need for additional work will be minimised.

It is possible that there will be times when
the engine is running poorly due to the lack of
regular maintenance. This is even more likely
if a used vehicle, which has not received
regular and frequent maintenance checks, is
purchased. In such cases, additional work
may need to be carried out, outside of the
regular maintenance intervals.

If engine wear is suspected, a compression
test will provide valuable information
regarding the overall performance of the main
internal components. Such a test can be used
as a basis to decide on the extent of the work
to be carried out. If, for example, a
compression test indicates serious internal
engine wear, conventional maintenance as
described in this Chapter will not greatly

improve the performance of the engine, and
may prove a waste of time and money, unless
extensive overhaul work is carried out first.

The following series of operations are those
most often required to improve the
performance of a generally poor-running
engine:

Primary operations

a) Clean, inspect and test the battery
b) Check all the engine-related fluids
c) Check the condition and tension of the

auxiliary drivebelt
d) Renew the spark plugs
e) Inspect the distributor cap and HT leads -

as applicable
f) Check the condition of the air cleaner

filter element, and renew if necessary
g) Renew the fuel filter
h) Check the condition of all hoses, and

check for fluid leaks
i) Check the idle speed and mixture settings

- as applicable

If the above operations do not prove fully
effective, carry out the following secondary
operations:

Secondary operations

a) Check the charging system
b) Check the ignition system
c) Check the fuel system
d) Renew the distributor cap and rotor arm -

as applicable

f) Renew the ignition HT leads - as

applicable

2 Introduction

See “Weekly checks”.

See “Weekly checks”.

See “Weekly checks”.

See “Weekly checks”.

See “Weekly checks”.

7 Wiper blade check

6 Battery electrolyte level check

5 Electrical system check

4 Tyre checks

3 Fluid level checks

1 Frequent oil and filter changes are the most

important preventative maintenance
procedures which can be undertaken by the
DIY owner. As engine oil ages, it becomes
diluted and contaminated, which leads to
premature engine wear.
2 Before starting this procedure, gather
together all the necessary tools and materials.
Also make sure that you have plenty of clean
rags and newspapers handy, to mop up any
spills. Ideally, the engine oil should be warm,
as it will drain better, and more built-up

sludge will be removed with it. Take care,
however, not to touch the exhaust or any
other hot parts of the engine when working
under the vehicle. To avoid any possibility of
scalding, and to protect yourself from
possible skin irritants and other harmful
contaminants in used engine oils, it is
advisable to wear gloves when carrying out
this work. Access to the underside of the
vehicle will be greatly improved if it can be
raised on a lift, driven onto ramps, or jacked
up and supported on axle stands (see
“Jacking and vehicle support”). Whichever
method is chosen, make sure that the vehicle
remains level, or if it is at an angle, so that the
drain plug is at the lowest point (see

illustration).

8 Engine oil and filter renewal

Maintenance procedures 1•9

1

8.2 Sump drain plug location

Every 250 miles (400 km) or weekly

Every 6000 miles (10 000 km) or 6 months

3 Slacken the drain plug about half a turn.

Position the draining container under the drain
plug, then remove the plug completely. If
possible, try to keep the plug pressed into the
sump while unscrewing it by hand the last
couple of turns. As the plug releases from the
threads, move it away sharply so the stream
of oil issuing from the sump runs into the
container, not up your sleeve! Recover the
sealing washer from the drain plug.
4 Allow some time for the old oil to drain,
noting that it may be necessary to reposition
the container as the oil flow slows to a trickle.
5 After all the oil has drained, wipe off the
drain plug with a clean rag. Check the sealing
washer for condition, and renew it if
necessary. Clean the area around the drain
plug opening, and refit the plug. Tighten the
plug to the specified torque.
6 Move the container into position under the
oil filter.
7 Using an oil filter removal tool if necessary,
slacken the filter initially, then unscrew it by
hand the rest of the way (see illustration).
Empty the oil from the old filter into the
container, and discard the filter.
8 Use a clean rag to remove all oil, dirt and
sludge from the filter sealing area on the
engine. Check the old filter to make sure that
the rubber sealing ring hasn’t stuck to the
engine. If it has, carefully remove it.
9 Apply a light coating of clean engine oil to
the sealing ring on the new filter, then screw it
into position on the engine. Tighten the filter
firmly by hand only - do not use any tools.
Wipe clean the filter and sump drain plug.

10 Remove the old oil and all tools from
under the car, then lower the car to the
ground (if applicable).
11 Remove the oil filler cap and withdraw the
dipstick. Fill the engine, using the correct
grade and type of oil (see “Lubricants and
fluids”). An oil can spout or funnel may help to
reduce spillage. Pour in half the specified
quantity of oil first, then wait a few minutes for
the oil to fall to the sump. Continue adding oil
a small quantity at a time until the level is up to
the lower mark on the dipstick. Finally, bring
the level up to the upper mark on the dipstick.
Insert the dipstick, and refit the filler cap.
12 Start the engine and run it for a few
minutes; check for leaks around the oil filter
seal and the sump drain plug. Note that there
may be a delay of a few seconds before the oil
pressure warning light goes out when the
engine is first started, as the oil circulates
through the engine oil galleries and the new oil
filter, before the pressure builds up.
13 Switch off the engine, and wait a few
minutes for the oil to settle in the sump once
more. With the new oil circulated and the filter
completely full, recheck the level on the
dipstick, and add more oil as necessary.
14 Dispose of the used engine oil safely, with
reference to “General repair procedures” in
the Reference section of this manual.

1 Firmly apply the handbrake, then jack up
the front and rear of the car and support it
securely on axle stands (see “Jacking and
vehicle support”).
2 For a quick check, the front brake disc pads
can be inspected without removing the front
wheels by inserting a mirror between each
caliper and roadwheel (see illustration). If any
one pad is worn down to the minimum
specified thickness, all four pads (on both
front wheels) must be renewed.
3 It is necessary to remove the rear wheels in
order to inspect the rear disc pads. The pads
can be viewed through the top of the caliper
after removing the blanking spring clip (see
illustration). If any one pad is worn down to
the minimum specified, all four pads (on both
rear wheels) must be renewed.

4 For a comprehensive check, the brake disc
pads should be removed and cleaned. The
operation of the caliper can then also be
checked, and the condition of the brake discs
can be fully examined on both sides. Refer to
Chapter 10 for further information.
5 On rear drum brake models, the brake shoe
friction material can be inspected for wear
without removing the roadwheels. Working
beneath the vehicle, prise the plug from the
brake backplate, and using an inspection
lamp or torch, check that the friction material
thickness is not less than the minimum given
in the Specifications (see illustration). If any
one of the shoes has worn below the
specified limit, the shoes must be renewed as
an axle set (4 shoes).
6 At the same interval, check the function of the
brake fluid level warning light. Chock the wheels,
release the handbrake and switch on the
ignition. Unscrew and raise the brake fluid
reservoir cap whilst an assistant observes the
warning light: it should come on as the level
sensor is withdrawn from the fluid. Refit the cap.
7 On completion, refit the wheels and lower
the car to the ground.

1 Visually inspect the engine joint faces,
gaskets and seals for any signs of water or oil
leaks. Pay particular attention to the areas
around the rocker cover, cylinder head, oil
filter and sump joint faces. Bear in mind that
over a period of time some very slight
seepage from these areas is to be expected
but what you are really looking for is any
indication of a serious leak. Should a leak be
found, renew the offending gasket or oil seal
by referring to the appropriate Chapter(s) in
this manual.
2 Similarly, check the transmission for oil
leaks, and investigate and rectify and
problems found.
3 Check the security and condition of all the
engine related pipes and hoses. Ensure that
all cable-ties or securing clips are in place and
in good condition. Clips which are broken or
missing can lead to chafing of the hoses,
pipes or wiring which could cause more
serious problems in the future.

10 Fluid leak check

9 Front and rear brake pad/shoe

check

1•10 Every 6000 miles or 6 months

8.7 Unscrewing the oil filter

9.3 Disc pads viewed through caliper
inspection hole (roadwheel removed)

9.5 Brake shoe inspection hole plug
(arrowed)

9.2 Using a mirror to inspect the disc pad
friction material for wear

A Brake disc B Brake disc pads

4 Carefully check the condition of all coolant,
fuel, power steering and brake hoses. Renew
any hose which is cracked, swollen or
deteriorated. Cracks will show up better if the
hose is squeezed. Pay close attention to the
hose clips that secure the hoses to the system
components. Hose clips can pinch and
puncture hoses, resulting in leaks. If wire type
hose clips are used, it may be a good idea to
replace them with screw-type clips.
5 With the vehicle raised, inspect the fuel
tank and filler neck for punctures, cracks and
other damage. The connection between the
filler neck and tank is especially critical.
Sometimes a rubber filler neck or connecting
hose will leak due to loose retaining clamps or
deteriorated rubber.
6 Similarly, inspect all brake hoses and metal
pipes. If any damage or deterioration is
discovered, do not drive the vehicle until the
necessary repair work has been carried out.
Renew any damaged sections of hose or pipe.
7 Carefully check all rubber hoses and metal
fuel lines leading away from the petrol tank.
Check for loose connections, deteriorated
hoses, crimped lines and other damage. Pay
particular attention to the vent pipes and
hoses which often loop up around the filler
neck and can become blocked or crimped.
Follow the lines to the front of the vehicle
carefully inspecting them all the way. Renew
damaged sections as necessary.
8 From within the engine compartment,
check the security of all fuel hose attachments
and pipe unions, and inspect the fuel hoses
and vacuum hoses for kinks, chafing and
deterioration.
9 Where applicable, check the condition of
the oil cooler hoses and pipes.
10 Check the condition of all exposed wiring
harnesses.

1 Periodically check the belts for fraying or
other damage. If evident, renew the belt.
2 If the belts become dirty, wipe them with a
damp cloth using a little detergent only.
3 Check the tightness of the anchor bolts and
if they are ever disconnected, make quite sure
that the original sequence of fitting of
washers, bushes and anchor plates is
retained.

With the vehicle raised on a hoist or
supported on axle stands, check the exhaust
system for signs of leaks, corrosion or
damage and check the rubber mountings for
condition and security. Where damage or
corrosion are evident, renew the system
complete or in sections, as applicable, using
the information given in Chapter 4.

With the wheels on the ground, slacken each
wheel nut by a quarter turn, then retighten it
immediately to the specified torque.

Remove and clean the oil filler cap of any
sludge build-up using paraffin.

Inspect the vent hose for blockage or
damage. A blocked hose can cause a build­up of crankcase pressure, which in turn can
cause oil leaks.

Ford VV carburettor

1 Ensure that the air cleaner is correctly fitted,
and that all vacuum hoses and pipes are
securely connected and free from restrictions,
then run the engine until it is at normal
operating temperature.
2 Stop the engine, and connect a tachometer
and an exhaust gas analyser in accordance
with the manufacturer’s instructions.
3 Start the engine and run it at 3000 rpm for
30 seconds, ensuring that all electrical loads
are switched off (headlamps, heater blower
etc), then allow the engine to idle and check
the idle speed and CO content. Note that the
CO reading will initially rise, then fall and finally
stabilise after between 5 and 25 seconds.

4 If necessary, adjust the idle speed screw to
give the specified idle speed (see

illustration).
5 Checking and adjustment should be

completed within 30 seconds of the meter
readings stabilising. If this has not been
possible, repeat paragraphs 3 and 4, ignoring
the reference to starting the engine.

Weber 2V carburettor

Models without stepper motor

6 Proceed as described for the Ford VV

carburettor but note the following:
7 It is permissible to loosen the air cleaner
securing screws to allow easier access to the
carburettor adjustment screws but ensure
that all vacuum hoses and pipes are securely
connected. For adjustment screw location

(see illustrations).

Models with stepper motor (ESC II
system)

8 The idle speed is controlled by the ESC II

module via the stepper motor. The only idle
speed adjustment possible is provided by the
“idle speed adjustment” wire, which can be
earthed to raise the idle speed by 75 rpm. No
other method of idle speed adjustment should
be attempted. If the idle speed is incorrect,
the problem should be referred to a Ford
dealer, as the problem probably lies in the
ESC II module for which special diagnostic
equipment is required.

15 Engine idle speed check

14 Oil filler cap check

13 Roadwheel security check

12 Exhaust system check

11 Seat belt check

Every 6000 miles or 6 months 1•11

1

15.7b Weber 2V carburettor adjustment
screw locations - 1.6 litre models

A Idle mixture screw B Idle speed screw

15.7a Weber 2V carburettor adjustment

screw locations - 2.0 litre models up to 1985

A Idle speed screw B Idle mixture screw

15.4 Ford VV carburettor adjustment screw
locations

A Idle speed screw B Idle mixture screw

Caution: Refer to the
precautions in Section 1,
Chapter 4, Part A or B (as

applicable), before proceeding.
Before carrying out any carburettor
adjustments, ensure that the ignition
timing and spark plug gaps are set as
specified. To carry out the adjustments an
accurate tachometer and an exhaust gas
analyser (CO meter) will be required.

Pierburg 2V carburettor

9 Proceed as described for the Ford VV
carburettor. For adjustment screw location

(see illustration).

Weber 2V TLD carburettor

10 Proceed as described for the Ford VV
carburettor, noting the following points:
11 Ensure that the vacuum pipe and the
camshaft cover breather hose are securely
connected to the air cleaner and are free from
restrictions.
12 When warming-up the engine, run the
engine until the cooling fan cuts in.

13 For adjustment screw location (see
illustration).

Fuel injection

2.0 litre SOHC models

14 Idle speed is controlled by the EEC IV

module and the only means of adjustment
provided is by the yellow “idle speed
adjustment” wire (Chapter 5, Section 17) which
allows the idle speed to be raised by 75 rpm.

2.0 litre DOHC models

15 Idle speed is controlled by the EEC IV

module, and manual adjustment is not
possible.
16 The “base” idle speed can be adjusted,
but only by a Ford dealer, using special
equipment.

Ford VV carburettor

1 Ensure that the air cleaner is correctly fitted
and that all vacuum hoses and pipes are
securely connected and free from restrictions,
then run the engine until it is at normal
operating temperature.
2 Stop the engine, and connect a tachometer
and an exhaust gas analyser in accordance
with the manufacturer’s instructions.
3 Start the engine and run it at 3000 rpm for 30
seconds, ensuring that all electrical loads are
switched off (headlamps, heater blower etc),
then allow the engine to idle and check the idle
speed and CO content. Note that the CO
reading will initially rise, then fall and finally
stabilise after between 5 and 25 seconds.
4 If the reading noted in paragraph 3 is not as
specified, proceed as follows.
5 Using a thin screwdriver, remove the
tamperproof seal from the mixture screw.

6 Run the engine at 3000 rpm for 30 seconds,
then allow the engine to idle, and using a
small screwdriver or a 4.0 mm Allen key, as
applicable, adjust the mixture screw to give
the specified CO content.
7 Checking and adjustment should be
completed within 30 seconds of the meter
readings stabilising. If this has not been
possible, then repeat paragraph 6.
8 If necessary adjust the idle speed, then
recheck the CO content.
9 On completion of the adjustments, stop the
engine and disconnect the tachometer and
exhaust gas analyser. Fit a new tamperproof
seal to the mixture screw.

Weber 2V carburettor

Models without stepper motor

10 Proceed as described for the Ford VV

carburettor but note the following:
11 To remove the mixture screw tamperproof
seal, it will be necessary to drill the seal in
order to prise it from the mixture screw
housing. Alternatively a self-tapping screw
can be used to draw out the seal. If the
tamperproof seal is to be renewed, ensure
that a blue-coloured replacement seal is
fitted.
12 It is permissible to loosen the air cleaner
securing screws to allow easier access to the
carburettor adjustment screws, but ensure
that all vacuum hoses and pipes are securely
connected.

Models with stepper motor (ESC II
system)

13 If necessary, the mixture can be adjusted

as described for the Ford VV carburettor with
reference to paragraphs 11 and 12 of this
Section. Do not attempt to adjust the idle
speed on completion of mixture adjustment.
For adjustment screw location (see
illustration).

Pierburg 2V carburettor

14 Proceed as described for the Ford VV
carburettor.

Weber 2V TLD carburettor

15 Proceed as described for the Ford VV
carburettor, noting the following points:
16 Ensure that the vacuum pipe and the
camshaft cover breather hose are securely
connected to the air cleaner and are free from
restrictions.
17 When warming-up the engine, run the
engine until the cooling fan cuts in.
18 If adjustment of the mixture (CO content)
is required, the air cleaner must be removed
for access to the adjustment screw, as
follows.
19 Remove the air cleaner, and prise the
tamperproof seal from the mixture screw.
20 Loosely refit the air cleaner, ensuring that
the vacuum pipe and the camshaft cover
breather hose are securely connected and
free from restrictions (there is no need to
secure the air cleaner in position).
21 On completion, fit a new tamperproof seal
to the mixture screw (the service replacement
plug is coloured blue), and refit the air cleaner
assembly.

Fuel injection

2.0 litre SOHC models

22 The idle mixture can be checked and if

necessary adjusted as follows:
23 Run the engine until it is at normal
operating temperature.
24 Stop the engine and connect a
tachometer and an exhaust gas analyser in
accordance with the manufacturer’s
instructions.

16 Mixture adjustment check

1•12 Every 6000 miles or 6 months

15.9 Pierburg 2V carburettor adjustment
screw locations

A Idle speed screw B Idle mixture screw

A Idle mixture screw B Idle speed screw

16.13 Weber 2V carburettor idle mixture
adjustment screw location (arrowed) -

2.0 litre models from 1985

15.13 Weber 2V TLD carburettor
adjustment screw locations

Caution: Refer to the
precautions in Section 1,
Chapter 4, Part A or B (as

applicable), before proceeding.
Before carrying out any carburettor
adjustments, ensure that the ignition
timing and spark plug gaps are set as
specified. To carry out the adjustments an
accurate tachometer and an exhaust gas
analyser (CO meter) will be required.

25 Start the engine and run it at 3000 rpm for
15 seconds, ensuring that all electrical loads
(headlamps, heater blower etc) are switched
off, then allow the engine to idle and check
the CO content. Note that the CO reading will
initially rise, then fall and finally stabilise.
26 If adjustment is necessary, remove the
tamperproof cap from the base of the airflow
meter, and turn the mixture screw using a
suitable Allen key to give the specified CO
content (see illustration).
27 Checking and adjustment should be
completed within 30 seconds of the meter
readings stabilising. If this has not been
possible, run the engine at 3000 rpm, for 15
seconds, then allow the engine to idle. Re­check the CO content and carry out further
adjustment if necessary.
28 On completion of adjustment, stop the
engine and disconnect the tachometer and
exhaust gas analyser. Fit a new tamperproof
cap to the mixture screw.

2.0 litre DOHC models

29 On models with a catalytic converter, the

mixture is controlled by the EEC IV module.
No manual adjustment is possible.
30 On models without a catalytic converter,
the idle mixture can be adjusted as follows:
31 Run the engine until it is at normal
operating temperature.
32 Stop the engine, and connect a
tachometer and an exhaust gas analyser in
accordance with the equipment
manufacturer’s instructions.
33 Start the engine and run it at 3000 rpm for
15 seconds, ensuring that all electrical loads
(headlamps, heater blower, etc) are switched
off. Allow the engine to idle, and check the CO
content. Note that the reading will initially rise,
then fall and finally stabilise.
34 If adjustment is necessary, remove the
cover from the mixture adjustment
potentiometer (located at the rear right-hand

side of the engine compartment, behind the
MAP sensor), and turn the screw to give the
specified CO content (see illustrations).
35 If adjustment does not produce a change
in reading, the potentiometer may be at the
extreme of its adjustment range. To centralise
the potentiometer, turn the adjustment screw
20 turns clockwise followed by 10 turns anti­clockwise, then repeat the adjustment proce­dure.
36 Checking and adjustment should be
completed within 30 seconds of the meter
readings stabilising. If this has not been
possible, run the engine at 3000 rpm for 15
seconds, then allow the engine to idle. Re­check the CO content, and carry out further
adjustments if necessary.
37 On completion of adjustment, stop the
engine, and disconnect the tachometer and
the exhaust gas analyser. Refit the cover to
the adjustment screw.

1 Fluid level should be checked with the
transmission at operating temperature (after a
run) and with the vehicle parked on level
ground.
2 Open and prop the bonnet. With the engine
idling and the handbrake and footbrake applied,
move the gear selector through all positions
three times, finishing up in position “P”,
3 Wait one minute. With the engine still idling,
withdraw the transmission dipstick (see
illustration). Wipe the dipstick with a clean
lint-free rag, re-insert it fully and withdraw it
again. Read the fluid level at the end of the
dipstick: it should be between the two
notches.
4 If topping-up is necessary, do so via the
dipstick tube, using clean transmission fluid of
the specified type (see illustration). Do not
overfill.
5 Stop the engine, refit the dipstick and close
the bonnet.

6 Note that if the fluid level was below the
minimum mark when checked or is in
constant need of topping-up, check around
the transmission for any signs of excessive
fluid leaks.If present, leaks must be rectified
without delay.
7 If the colour of the fluid is dark brown or
black this denotes the sign of a worn brake
band or transmission clutches, in which case
have your Ford dealer check the transmission
at the earliest opportunity.

1 Place the vehicle over a pit, or raise and
support it at front and rear. The vehicle must
be level for an accurate check.
2 If the gearbox is hot after a run, allow it to
cool for a few minutes. This is necessary
because the oil can foam when hot and give a
false level reading.

18 Manual gearbox oil level

check

17 Automatic transmission fluid

level check

Every 12 000 miles or 12 months 1•13

1

16.34b . . . to enable mixture adjustment ­DOHC models

17.4 Topping-up the transmission fluid17.3 Automatic transmission dipstick

location and markings

16.34a Remove the cover from the mixture
adjustment potentiometer . . .

16.26 Adjusting the idle mixture ­SOHC models

Every 12 000 miles (20 000 km) or 12 months

3 Wipe clean around the filler/level plug.
Unscrew the plug and remove it (see
illustration).
4 Using a suitably marked piece of bent wire

as a dipstick, check that the oil level is as
shown in the table at the top of this page,
according to gearbox type.
5 Top-up the level if necessary, using clean
oil of the specified type. Do not overfill, as this
can lead to leakage and difficult gear
changing. Allow excess oil to drip out of the
filler/level hole if necessary. Refit and tighten
the filler/level plug on completion.
6 The frequent need for topping-up can only
be due to leaks, which should be rectified.
The most likely sources of leaks are the rear
extension housing and input shaft oil seals.
7 No periodic oil changing is specified, and
no drain plug is fitted.

1 Work around the vehicle, and lubricate the
bonnet, door and tailgate hinges with a light
machine oil.
2 Lightly lubricate the bonnet release
mechanism and exposed sections of inner
cable with a smear of grease.
3 Check the security and operation of all
hinges, latches and locks, adjusting them
where required. Where applicable, check the
operation of the central locking system.
4 Check the condition and operation of the
tailgate struts, renewing them if either is
leaking or is no longer able to support the
tailgate securely when raised.

1 The correct functioning of the spark plugs is
vital for the correct running and efficiency of
the engine. It is essential that the plugs fitted
are appropriate for the engine.
2 Make sure that the ignition is switched off
before inspecting the HT leads to see if they
carry their cylinder numbers. Note that the
position of No 1 cylinder HT lead in the
distributor cap is marked with either a pip, or
a number “1 “.

3 Where necessary, for improved access
remove the air cleaner and/or the inlet hose.
4 Disconnect the leads from the plugs by
pulling on the connectors, not the leads.
5 On 2.0 litre DOHC carburettor models, the
location of the spark plugs and the close
proximity of the carburettor makes spark plug
access difficult, particularly when removing
the plugs from cylinders 2 and 3. It is
suggested that a 3/8 inch ratchet drive spark
plug socket with rubber insert and long
extension bar is used, possibly in conjunction
with a universal joint adapter. It is also
advisable to disconnect No 3 cylinder HT lead
from the distributor first, to allow some slack
for disconnection at the spark plug.
6 Clean the area around each spark plug
using a small brush, then using a plug
spanner (preferably with a rubber insert),
unscrew and remove the plugs (see
illustration). Cover the spark plug holes with
a clean rag to prevent the ingress of any
foreign matter.
7 Before fitting new spark plugs, check that
the threaded connector sleeves are tight. As
the plugs incorporate taper seats, make sure
that the threads and seats are clean.

8 On DOHC models before refitting the spark
plugs, coat their threads with suitable anti­seize compound, taking care not to
contaminate the electrodes.
9 Screw in the spark plugs by hand, then
tighten them to the specified torque. Do not

exceed the torque figure.

10 Push the HT leads firmly onto the spark
plugs, and where applicable refit the air
cleaner and/or inlet hose.

1 Refer to the Specifications at the beginning
of this Chapter and check the tension of each
drivebelt at the point stated. Check the full
length of each drivebelt for cracks and
deterioration. It will be necessary to turn the
engine in order to check that portion of the
drivebelt in contact with the pulleys. Renew or
tension each belt as necessary as follows,
according to model type:

SOHC models

2 Note that two drivebelts are fitted to models
equipped with power steering and both
should be renewed if either one is
unserviceable. Where fitted, the air
conditioning compressor is driven by a
separate belt.

3 Disconnect the battery negative lead.
4 Where applicable, remove the air

conditioning compressor drivebelt.
5 Loosen the alternator mounting and
adjustment nuts and bolts, and pivot the
alternator towards the cylinder block.
6 Slip the drivebelt(s) from the alternator,
water pump, crankshaft and (where
applicable) the power steering pump pulleys.
7 Fit the new drivebelt(s) over the pulleys,
then lever the alternator away from the
cylinder block until the specified belt tension
is achieved. Lever the alternator using a
wooden or plastic lever at the pulley end to
prevent damage and straining the brackets. It
is helpful to partially tighten the adjustment
link bolt before tensioning the drivebelt(s).

21 Auxiliary drivebelt check

20 Spark plug renewal

19 Hinge and lock check and

lubrication

1•14 Every 12 000 miles or 12 months

18.3 Gearbox filler/level plug location
(arrowed) - N type gearbox

20.6 Removing a spark plug - CVH engine

Note: The vehicle build code appears as the twelfth and thirteenth characters of the VIN number
on the plate in the engine compartment.

Gearbox type

All four-speed gearboxes

All five-speed gearboxes up to April 1984 (build
code E6) except those subsequently fitted with
a modified extension housing

All five-speed gearboxes from May 1984 (build
code EC) to end of April 1985 (build code FP)
and all vehicles built up to April 1984 (build
code E6) subsequently fitted with a modified
gearbox extension housing

All five-speed gearboxes from May 1985

Oil level

0 to 5.0 mm (0 to 0.2 in) below lower edge of
filler/level hole

Level with bottom edge of filler/level hole

20.0 to 25.0 mm (0.79 to 0.99 in) below lower
edge of filler/level hole

0 to 5.0 mm (0 to 0.2 in)below lower edge of
filler/level hole

Number each HT lead using
sticky tape or paint before
removal so as to avoid
confusion when refitting.

8 Tighten the alternator mounting and
adjustment nuts and bolts in the order shown

(see illustration).
9 Where applicable, refit and tension the air

conditioning compressor drivebelt.

10 Reconnect the battery negative lead.
11 Drivebelt tension should be rechecked

and if necessary adjusted after the engine has
been run for a minimum of ten minutes.

DOHC models

12 Three different types of drivebelt
arrangement are used, depending on model
(see illustrations). On models without power

steering, the drivebelt is tensioned by moving
the alternator. On models with power steering,
the power steering pump is also driven by the
coolant pump/alternator drivebelt and an
automatic belt tensioner is fitted (see
illustration). On models with air conditioning,
the drivebelt drives the alternator, coolant
pump, power steering pump and air
conditioning compressor, and an automatic
belt tensioner is fitted.
13 On models without power steering, loosen
the alternator mounting and adjustment bolts,
and pivot the alternator towards the cylinder
block. Slip the drivebelt from the pulleys.
14 On models with power steering, the
automatic tensioner can be released using a
17 mm socket and a wrench on the boss in
the centre of the pulley. Lever the tensioner
assembly clockwise, slide the belt from the
pulleys, then slowly release the tensioner.
15 To fit a new belt on models without
power steering, slide the belt over the pulleys,
then lever the alternator away from the
cylinder block until the correct belt tension is
achieved. Lever the alternator using a plastic
or wooden lever at the pulley end to prevent
damage. It is helpful to partially tighten the
adjustment link bolt before tensioning the
drivebelt. When the correct tension is
achieved, tighten all the bolts.
16 To fit a new belt on models with power
steering, lever the tensioner clockwise as
during removal, then slide the belt over the
pulleys, and slowly release the tensioner.

1 The battery fitted as original equipment is
“maintenance-free”, and requires no

maintenance apart from having the case kept
clean, and the terminals clean and tight.
2 To clean the battery terminals disconnect
them, after having first removed the cover
(later models) - negative earth first. Use a wire
brush or abrasive paper to clean the
terminals. Bad corrosion should be treated
with a solution of bicarbonate of soda, applied
with an old toothbrush. Do not let this solution
get inside the battery.
3 Coat the battery terminals with petroleum
jelly or a proprietary anti-corrosive compound
before reconnecting them. Reconnect and
tighten the positive (live) lead first, followed by
the negative (earth) lead. Do not overtighten.
4 Keep the top of the battery clean and dry.
Inspect the battery tray for corrosion, and
make good as necessary.

SOHC engines

1 The valve clearances must be checked with
the engine cold. On carburettor models
remove the air cleaner.
2 Disconnect the HT leads from the spark
plugs and release them from the clips on the
camshaft cover.
3 On fuel injection models, unbolt and
remove the bracing strut securing the inlet
manifold to the right-hand side of the cylinder
head.
4 Where applicable, unclip any hoses and
wires from the camshaft cover, then unscrew
the securing bolts and remove the camshaft
cover and gaskets. Take care not to lose the
spacer plates which fit under the bolt heads,
where applicable.

23 Engine valve clearance

check

22 Battery terminal check

Every 12 000 miles or 12 months 1•15

1

21.12b Coolant pump/alternator drivebelt
arrangement - 2.0 litre DOHC engine with

power steering

1 Alternator
2 Automatic belt

tension

3 Coolant pump

4 Crankshaft pulley
5 Power steering

pump

21.12d Alternator/coolant pump drivebelt
tensioner indicator position -

2.0 litre DOHC engine

Inset shows tensioner at maximum

adjustment

1 Alternator
2 Automatic belt

tensioner

3 Coolant pump

4 Air conditioning

compressor
5 Crankshaft pulley
6 Power steering

pump

21.12c Coolant pump/alternator drivebelt
arrangement - 2.0 litre DOHC engine with

power steering and air conditioning

21.12a Coolant pump/alternator drivebelt
arrangement - 2.0 litre DOHC engine

without power steering

1 Alternator
2 Coolant pump

3 Crankshaft

pulley

21.8 Alternator mounting tightening
sequence - SOHC engines

Caution: Before carrying out
any work on the vehicle battery,
read through the precautions
given in “Safety first!” at the
beginning of this manual.

It will be easier to turn the
engine by hand if the spark
plugs are removed but take
care not to allow dirt to enter

the spark plug holes.

5 Numbering from the front (camshaft
sprocket) end of the engine, the exhaust
valves are 1, 3, 5 and 7, and the inlet valves
are 2, 4, 6 and 8.
6 Turn the engine clockwise using a suitable
socket on the crankshaft pulley bolt, until the
exhaust valve of No 1 cylinder (valve No 1) is
fully closed; ie the cam lobe is pointing
vertically upwards (see illustration).
7 Insert a feeler blade of the correct thickness
(see Specifications) between the cam follower
and the heel of the No 1 valve cam lobe. The
feeler blade should be a firm sliding fit. If not,
loosen the locknut and adjust the ball-pin
position accordingly by turning the adjuster

nut, then tighten the locknut (see
illustrations). Allowance must be made for
tightening the locknut, as this tends to
decrease the valve clearance. Recheck the
adjustment after tightening the locknut.
8 Repeat the procedure given in paragraphs
6 and 7 for the remaining valves. With the
carburettor/inlet manifold fitted, some diffi­culty may be experienced when adjusting the
exhaust valve clearances, and a suitable
open-ended spanner bent to 90º will be found
helpful.
9 Check the condition of the camshaft cover
gasket, and renew if necessary. Fit the gasket
to the camshaft cover ensuring that the
locating tabs and dovetails are correctly
located (see illustration), then refit the
camshaft cover and tighten the securing bolts
in the order shown (see illustration), ensuring
that the spacer plates are in position under
the bolt heads, where applicable.
10 On fuel injection models, refit the inlet
manifold bracing strut.
11 Where applicable refit the spark plugs.
Reconnect the HT leads and locate them in
the clips on the camshaft cover.
12 Where applicable, refit any wires and
hoses to the clips on the camshaft cover and
on carburettor models, refit the air cleaner.

DOHC and CVH engines

13 These engines are fitted with hydraulic
cam followers therefore no adjustment is
necessary.

Chock the front roadwheels and jack the
rear wheels clear of the ground, supporting
the vehicle with axlestands.

Check that with the handbrake released,
the rear wheels are free to rotate and no brake
“bind” is evident. The handbrake lever travel
should be between two and four clicks of the
ratchet. If brake “bind” or excessive lever
travel is evident, check the handbrake cable
routing and check the self-adjuster
mechanism for wear or damage. Refer to
Chapter 10 for full service information.

Gain access to the radiator matrix by
removing the surrounding body panels, fan
shrouds, etc. Clean dirt and debris from the
matrix using an air jet or water and a soft
brush. Be careful not to damage the fins or
cut your fingers.

Remove the protecting grille and clean any
leaves, insects etc. from the air conditioner
condenser coil and fins. Be very careful not to
damage the condenser fins: use a soft brush, or
a compressed air jet, along (not across) the fins.

1 If applicable, remove the radiator grille
being careful not to damage the condenser
fins.
2 Check the refrigerant charge as follows.
The engine should be cold and the ambient
temperature should be between 64° and 77°F
(18° and 25°C).
3 Start the engine and allow it to idle.
Observe the refrigerant sight glass (see
illustration) and have an assistant switch on
the air conditioning to fan speed III. A few
bubbles should be seen in the sight glass as
the system starts up, but all bubbles should
disappear within 10 seconds. Persistent
bubbles, or no bubbles at all, mean that the
refrigerant charge is low. Switch off the

26 Air conditioner refridgerant

charge check

25 Radiator matrix and air

conditioner condenser clean

24 Handbrake check

1•16 Every 12 000 miles or 12 months

23.6 Cam lobe correctly positioned for

checking valve clearance. Insert feeler

gauge as shown by arrow

23.7b Adjusting a valve clearance

26.3 Air conditioning system refrigerant
sight glass (arrowed)

23.9b Camshaft cover bolts (A) and spacer
plates (B)

Tighten bolts in following stages:

Stage 1 Bolts 1 to 6
Stage 2 Bolts 7 and 8
Stage 3 Bolts 9 and 10
Stage 4 Bolts 7 and 8 (again)

23.9a Camshaft cover gasket dovetails

23.7a Using a feeler gauge to check a
valve clearance

system immediately if the charge is low and
do not use it again until it has been recharged.
4 Inspect the refrigerant pipes, hoses and
unions for security and good condition. Refit
the radiator grille.
5 The air conditioning system will lose a
proportion of its charge through normal
seepage typically up to 100 g (4 oz) per year ­so it is as well to regard periodic recharging
as a maintenance operation.

1 Check the final drive oil level as follows.
2 Position the vehicle over a pit, or raise it at

front and rear on ramps or axle stands. The
vehicle must be level.
3 Wipe clean around the final drive filler/level
plug (see illustrations) and unscrew the
plug. Using a piece of bent wire as a dipstick,
check that the oil is no more than 10 mm (0.4
in) below the plug hole.
4 If topping-up is necessary, use clean gear
oil of the specified type. Do not overfill.
Frequent need for topping-up can only be due
to leaks, which should be rectified.
5 When the level is correct, refit the filler/level
plug and tighten it to the specified torque
loading.
6 There is no requirement for periodic oil
changing, and no drain plug is provided.

Lubricate the transmission selector and
kickdown linkages with engine oil or aerosol
lubricant.

1 Check the shock absorbers by bouncing
the vehicle up and down at each corner in
turn. When released, it should come to rest
within one complete oscillation. Continued
movement, or squeaking and groaning noises
from the shock absorber suggests that
renewal is required .
2 Raise and support the vehicle. Examine all
steering and suspension components for
wear and damage. Pay particular attention to
dust covers and gaiters, which if renewed
promptly when damaged can save further
damage to the component protected.
3 At the same intervals, check the front
suspension lower arm balljoints for wear by
levering up the arms (see illustration).
Balljoint free movement must not exceed 0.5
mm (0.02 in). The track rod end balljoints can
be checked in a similar manner, or by
observing them whilst an assistant rocks the
steering wheel back and forth. If the lower arm
balljoint is worn, the complete lower arm must
be renewed .

4 Wheel bearings can be checked for wear by
spinning the relevant roadwheel. Any
roughness or excessive noise indicates worn
bearings, which must be renewed, as no
adjustment is possible. It is unlikely that any
wear will be evident unless the vehicle has
covered a very high mileage. It should be
noted that it is normal for the bearings to
exhibit slight endfloat, which is perceptible as
wheel rock at the wheel rim.

1 Position the vehicle over a pit, or raise it at
front and rear on ramps or axle stands (see
“Jacking and vehicle support”).
2 Examine the driveshaft joint rubber gaiters.
Flex the gaiters by hand and inspect the folds
and clips. Damaged or leaking gaiters must
be renewed without delay to avoid damage
occurring to the joint itself
3 Check the tightness of the final drive
mounting bolts and the driveshaft flange screws.

1 Except on vehicles with a wax-based
underbody protective coating, have the whole
of the underframe of the vehicle steam­cleaned, engine compartment included, so
that a thorough inspection can be carried out
to see what minor repairs and renovations are
necessary.

2 Steam-cleaning is available at many
garages and is necessary for the removal of
the accumulation of oily grime which
sometimes is allowed to become thick in
certain areas. If steam-cleaning facilities are
not available, there are some excellent grease
solvents available which can be brush­applied; the dirt can then be simply hosed off.
3 After cleaning, position the vehicle over a
pit, or raise it at front and rear on ramps or axle
stands (see “Jacking and vehicle support”).
4 Using a strong light, work around the
underside of the vehicle, inspecting it for
corrosion or damage. If either is found, refer
to Chapter 12 for details of repair.

Periodically inspect the rigid brake pipes for
rust and other damage, and the flexible hoses
for cracks, splits or “ballooning”. Have an
assistant depress the brake pedal (ignition on)
and inspect the hose and pipe unions for leaks.
Renew any defective item without delay.

On carburettor models which incorporate a
stepper motor (ie. Weber 2V from 1985), good
electrical contact between the motor plunger
and the adjusting screw is essential to
maintain a regular idle speed.

Clean the plunger and adjusting screw
contact faces with abrasive paper followed by
switch cleaning fluid. Switch cleaning fluid is
available from electronic component shops.

Instruments and electrical
equipment

1 Check the operation of all instruments and
electrical equipment.
2 Make sure that all instruments read
correctly, and switch on all electrical
equipment in turn to check that it functions
properly.

34 Road test

33 Idle speed linkage clean

32 Brake pipe and hose check

31 Underbody inspection

30 Driveshaft check

29 Steering and suspension

security check

28 Automatic transmission

selector linkage lubrication

27 Final drive oil level check

Every 12 000 miles or 12 months 1•17

1

29.3 Levering up lower arm to check
balljoint for wear

27.3b Rear axle filler plug location ­P100 models

27.3a Final drive unit filler plug location
(arrowed) -

Saloon, Hatchback and Estate models

Steering and suspension

3 Check for any abnormalities in the steering,
suspension, handling or road “feel”.
4 Drive the vehicle, and check that there are
no unusual vibrations or noises.
5 Check that the steering feels positive, with
no excessive “sloppiness”, or roughness, and
check for any suspension noises when
cornering, or when driving over bumps.

Drivetrain

6 Check the performance of the engine,
clutch, transmission and driveshafts.
7 Listen for any unusual noises from the
engine, clutch and transmission.
8 Make sure that the engine runs smoothly
when idling, and that there is no hesitation
when accelerating.

9 Where applicable, check that the clutch
action is smooth and progressive, that the
drive is taken up smoothly, and that the pedal
travel is not excessive. Also listen for any
noises when the clutch pedal is depressed.
10 Check that all gears can be engaged
smoothly, without noise, and that the gear lever
action is not abnormally vague or “notchy”.

Check the operation and
performance of the braking
system

11 Make sure that the vehicle does not pull to
one side when braking, and that the wheels
do not lock prematurely when braking hard.
12 Check that there is no vibration through
the steering when braking.
13 Check that the handbrake operates
correctly, without excessive movement of the

lever, and that it holds the vehicle stationary
on a slope.
14 Test the operation of the brake servo unit
as follows. With the engine off, depress the
footbrake four or five times to exhaust the
vacuum. Start the engine, holding the brake
pedal depressed. As the engine starts, there
should be a noticeable “give” in the brake
pedal as vacuum builds up. Allow the engine
to run for at least two minutes, and then
switch it off. If the brake pedal is depressed
now, it should be possible to detect a hiss
from the servo as the pedal is depressed.
After about four or five applications, no further
hissing should be heard, and the pedal should
feel considerably firmer.

1 Inspect the crankcase ventilation system
for blockage or damage. A blocked hose can
cause a build-up of crankcase pressure,
which in turn can cause oil leaks (see

illustration).
2 On carburettor model SOHC engines, clean

the oil filler cap with paraffin and check that
the vent valve is not blocked by pulling it from
the oil separator and loosening the hose clip
(Section 42).
3 On CVH engines, check that the oil
separator and mushroom valve are not
blocked, and clean if necessary (see

illustration).

35 Crankcase ventilation system

check

SOHC and DOHC carburettor
models

1 A vacuum pump will be required to test the
control components.

2 To check the operation of the air
temperature control, the engine must be cold.
First observe the position of the flap valve
which should be fully closed prior to starting
the engine (see illustration). The position of
the flap can be observed by disconnecting the
cold air inlet hose from the air cleaner spout
and looking into the spout.
3 Start the engine and allow it to idle. Check
that the flap is now fully open to admit hot air
from the exhaust manifold shroud. If the flap
does not fully open, stop the engine and
check the vacuum diaphragm unit and heat
sensor as follows (see illustrations).

4 Working under the base of the air cleaner
body, disconnect the diaphragm unit-to-heat
sensor vacuum pipe at the sensor end, and
connect a vacuum pump to the diaphragm unit.
Apply a vacuum of 100.0 mm (4.0 in) of mercury.
5 If the flap opens, then the heat sensor is
faulty and should be renewed. If the flap
remains closed, then the diaphragm unit is
faulty, and a new air cleaner body will have to
be obtained, as the diaphragm unit is not
available separately.
6 On completion of the checks, disconnect
the vacuum pump, and reconnect the vacuum
pipe and cold air inlet hose.

36 Air cleaner inlet air

temperature control check

1•18 Every 24 000 miles or 2 years

35.1 Loosening the crankcase ventilation
hose clip - CVH models

36.3b Air cleaner heat sensor viewed from
inside air cleaner - OHC models

36.3a Air cleaner vacuum diaphragm unit ­OHC models

36.2 Air cleaner flap valve operation ­OHC models

A Flap fully open to admit hot air

B Flap fully closed to admit cold air

35.3 Oil separator (1) and mushroom valve
(2) locations in air cleaner - CVH models

Every 24 000 miles (40 000 km) or 2 years

CVH carburettor models

7 To test the unit the engine must initially be
cold. Disconnect the hot air inlet hose from
the air cleaner spout and observe the position
of the flap which should be fully open to allow
only hot air to enter (see illustration).
8 Refit the hose and warm up the engine to
normal operating temperature.
9 Disconnect the hot air inlet hose again, and
observe the position of the flap which should
be fully closed to admit only cold air.
10 If the flap positions are not as described,
the waxstat is defective and the complete air
cleaner must be renewed as the waxstat is
not available separately.
11 On completion of the checks, stop the
engine and reconnect the hot air inlet hose.

1 The pulse-air filter is located at the front
left-hand side of the engine compartment.
2 To renew the element, simply unclip the
filter cover, then lift out the metal gauze, and
withdraw the filter element (see illustration).
3 Refitting is a reversal of removal. Ensure
that the holes in the gauze and the filter
element are positioned on the engine side of
the filter housing.

Carburettor models

1 Remove the screws from the top of the air
cleaner cover (see illustration).
2 Where applicable release the spring clips
around the edge of the cover, then lift or prise
off the cover (see illustration).
3 Lift out the air cleaner element. Wipe the
inside of the air cleaner body clean, taking
care not to allow dirt to enter the carburettor
throat. Also clean the inside of the cover.
4 Place a new element in position, then refit
the air cleaner cover.

Fuel-injection models

All models except 2.0 litre DOHC

5 Disconnect the battery negative lead.
6 Depress the locking clip on the airflow

meter wiring plug and disconnect the plug.
Pull on the plug, not the wiring (see

illustration).
7 Loosen the securing clip and disconnect

the air inlet hose from the airflow meter.
8 Release the four securing clips and lift off
the air cleaner lid with the airflow meter.

9 Lift out the old air cleaner element (see
illustration), then wipe the inside of the air

cleaner casing and lid clean.
10 Fit the new element with the sealing lip
uppermost.
11 Refit the air cleaner lid and secure with
the four clips.
12 Reconnect the air inlet hose to the airflow
meter, ensuring that the securing clip is
correctly aligned (see illustration). Reconnect
the wiring plug.

38 Air cleaner element renewal

37 Pulse air filter element

renewal (1.6 litre CVH)

Every 24 000 miles or 2 years 1•19

1

37.2 Withdrawing the pulse-air filter

element and gauze - 1.6 litre CVH models

38.12 Air intake hose clip correctly aligned38.9 Unclip the lid and remove the air

cleaner element

38.6 Disconnecting the airflow meter
wiring plug

38.2 . . . release the spring clips, and lift off
the cover for access to the element

38.1 Remove the air cleaner cover
screws . . .

36.7 Air cleaner flap valve operation - CVH models

A Flap fully open to admit hot air
B Flap fully closed to admit cold air
1 Air inlet spout
2 Hot air inlet hose

3 Flap valve
4 Link arm
5 Waxstat
6 Air cleaner body

13 Reconnect the battery negative lead.

2.0 litre DOHC models

14 Disconnect the battery negative lead.
15 Disconnect the wiring plug from the idle

speed control valve at the front of the plenum
chamber.
16 Loosen the clamp, and detach the air inlet
hose from the air inlet tubing.
17 Unscrew the securing nut, and release the
air inlet tube from the bracket on the engine
compartment front panel (see illustration).
18 Release the air cleaner lid securing clips,
then lift away the air inlet tube, plenum
chamber and air cleaner lid as an assembly,
disconnecting the breather hose from the air
inlet tube.

19 Lift out the air cleaner element (see
illustration), then wipe the inside of the air

cleaner lid and casing clean.
20 Fit the new element with the sealing lip
uppermost.

21 Further refitting is a reversal of removal.

1 Before disturbing any part of the ignition

system, disconnect the battery negative lead.
2 Identify and clearly mark all HT leads before
disconnecting them from the spark plugs.
3 Refer to the appropriate Section in Chapter
5 and, where applicable, remove the
distributor cap and rotor arm.
4 Clean the HT leads and distributor cap with
a dry cloth. Scrape any corrosion or other

deposits from the connectors and terminals.
Also clean the coil tower.
5 Renew the HT leads if they are cracked,
burnt or otherwise damaged. If a multi-meter
is available, measure the resistance of the
leads. The desired value is given in the
Specifications of Chapter 5.
6 Renew the distributor cap if it is cracked or
badly burnt inside, or if there is evidence of
“tracking” (black lines marking the path of HT
leakage). If there is a carbon brush at the
centre of the cap, make sure that it moves
freely, and is not excessively worn (see

illustration).
7 Clean the metal track of the rotor arm with

fine abrasive paper. Renew the arm if it is
cracked or badly burnt.

8 Refit the rotor arm and distributor cap.
9 Reconnect the HT leads to the spark plugs

and coil.

10 Reconnect the battery and run the engine.

Note: A brake band torque wrench - Ford tool

No 17-005, or a conventional torque wrench
and a splined socket of suitable size to fit the
square section head of the adjuster screw(s)
will be required for this operation.

1 For improved access, apply the handbrake,
then jack up the front of the vehicle and
support on axle stands (see “Jacking and
vehicle support”).

2 The brake band adjuster screw(s) is/are
situated on the left-hand side of the
transmission housing, forward of the
kickdown lever. Note that the C3 type
transmission has a single adjuster screw for
adjustment of the front brake band, whereas
the A4LD type transmission has two adjuster
screws for adjustment of the front and
intermediate brake bands (see illustration).
3 Disconnect the kickdown cable from the
kickdown lever on the transmission housing.
4 Loosen the locknut on the front brake band
adjuster screw, and back off the adjuster
screw several turns.
5 Using the Ford special tool or a suitable
equivalent, tighten the adjuster screw to the
specified torque, then back off the screw two
complete turns, and tighten the locknut.
Ensure that the adjuster screw does not turn
as the locknut is tightened.
6 Repeat the procedure given in paragraphs
4 and 5 for the remaining adjuster screw on
A4LD type transmissions, but on all models
where the part number on the transmission
identification tag starts with “88” (see
illustration) and additionally on all 1.8 CVH
engine models, the adjuster screw should be
backed off two and a half turns after
tightening to the specified torque. On all other
models, the adjuster screw should be backed
off two turns.
7 Reconnect the kickdown cable, and lower
the vehicle to the ground on completion.

2.0 litre SOHC fuel injection
models

1 The fuel filter is located on the left-hand
side of the engine compartment (see

illustration).
2 Disconnect the battery negative lead.
3 Position a suitable container beneath the

filter, then slowly loosen the fuel inlet union to
relieve the pressure in the fuel lines.
4 Disconnect the fuel inlet and outlet unions.
Be prepared for petrol spillage. If necessary,
identify the fuel line unions for use when
refitting.
5 Loosen the filter clamp screw, and
withdraw the filter from the clamp. Drain the
petrol from the filter into the container.
Dispose of the filter carefully.

41 Fuel filter renewal

40 Automatic transmission

brake band adjustment

39 Ignition system component

check

1•20 Every 24 000 miles or 2 years

38.17 Air intake tube securing nut
(arrowed)

39.6 Bosch distributor cap showing HT
segments (A) and carbon brush (B)

40.6 Transmission identification tag with
part number starting with “88”

40.2 Brake band adjustment - A4LD type
transmission

A Adjuster screws
B Locknuts

C Kickdown lever

38.19 Lifting out the air cleaner element

Caution: Refer to the
precautions in Chapter 4, Part
B, Section 1 before proceeding.

6 Fit the new filter, ensuring that the arrows on
the filter body point in the direction of fuel flow.
7 Tighten the clamp screw, and reconnect
the fuel inlet and outlet unions. Ensure that the
unions are correctly connected.
8 Reconnect the battery negative lead, and
check the fuel line unions for leaks,
pressurising the system by switching the
ignition on and off several times.

All models except 2.0 litre SOHC

9 Proceed as described for the 2.0 litre SOHC

models, noting the following points.
10 The fuel filter is located under the rear of
the vehicle, above the driveshaft (see
illustration). For access to the filter, chock
the front wheels, then jack up the rear of the
vehicle and support it on axle stands.
11 To remove the filter, the mounting bracket
must first be removed from the floor, after
unscrewing the securing bolt. The filter can
then be removed from the bracket after
unscrewing the clamp bolt.

On carburettor model SOHC engines,
renew the crankcase ventilation vent valve by
pulling it from the oil separator and loosening
the hose clip (see illustration). Fit the new
valve, tighten the clip, and insert it into the oil
separator grommet.

42 Crankcase ventilation vent

valve renewal

If in doubt as to the condition of any of the
brake system seals and hoses, then renew
defective items whilst referring to the relevant
Sections of Chapter 10.

1 An assistant and bleeding equipment will
be needed. A considerable quantity of
hydraulic fluid will be required - probably
about 2 litres (nearly half a gallon).
2 Slacken the front wheel nuts. Raise and
support the front of the vehicle and remove
the front wheels.

3 Remove the hydraulic fluid reservoir cap.
4 Open both front bleed screws one full turn.

Attach one bleed tube to each screw, placing
the free end of each tube in a jar.
5 Pump the brake pedal to expel fluid from
the bleed screws. Pause after each upstroke
to allow the master cylinder to refill.
6 When air emerges from both bleed screws,
stop pumping. Detach the left-hand caliper
without disconnecting it and remove the
inboard brake pad.
7 Depress the caliper piston, using a
purpose-made tool or a blunt item such as a
tyre lever, to force more fluid out of the
caliper. Hold the piston depressed and have
the assistant pump the pedal until air emerges
from the bleed screw again.

8 Tighten the bleed screw on the left-hand
caliper. Loosely refit the caliper and pad so
that the piston is not accidentally ejected.
9 Repeat the purging operation on the right­hand caliper, but do not refit it or tighten the
bleed screw yet.
10 Fill the reservoir with fresh hydraulic fluid.
Position the bleed jar for the right-hand
caliper at least 300 mm (1 foot) above the
level of the bleed screw.
11 Have the assistant pump the brake pedal
until fluid free of bubbles emerges from the
bleed screw. Tighten the bleed screw at the
end of a downstroke.
12 Place a piece of wood in the caliper jaws
to limit piston travel. Keep your fingers clear
of the piston. Have the assistant depress the
brake pedal gently in order to move the
caliper piston out.
13 With the pedal held depressed, slacken
the bleed screw on the right-hand caliper and
again depress the piston. Tighten the bleed
screw when the piston is retracted. The pedal
can now be released.
14 Disconnect the bleed tube. Refit the right­hand brake pad and caliper.
15 Remove the left-hand caliper and inboard
pad again. Carry out the operations described
in paragraphs 10 to 14 on the left-hand
caliper.

16 Bleed the rear brakes (Chapter 10).
17 Refit the front wheels, lower the vehicle

and tighten the wheel nuts.
18 Pump the brake pedal to bring the pads
up to the discs, then make a final check of the
hydraulic fluid level. Top-up and refit the
reservoir cap.

Camshaft drivebelt renewal is
recommended as a precautionary measure for
SOHC engines but is compulsory for CVH
engines. Refer to Chapter 2 for the
appropriate renewal procedure.

1 Disconnect the battery negative lead.
2 It is preferable to drain the cooling system

with the engine cold. If this is not possible,
take precautions against scalding when
removing the expansion tank cap. Place a
thick rag over the cap and slacken the cap a
little to release any pressure. When all
pressure has been released, carry on
unscrewing the cap and remove it.
3 Early models have no radiator drain plug, so
the radiator must be drained by detaching the
bottom coolant hose from the outlet on the
right-hand side of the radiator. Later SOHC
models have a drain plug located in the base
of the left-hand radiator end tank, whilst all
CVH models have a drain plug in the
right-hand radiator end tank and DOHC
models have a plug to the bottom right-hand
side of the radiator.

46 Engine coolant renewal

45 Camshaft drivebelt renewal

44 Brake hydraulic fluid renewal

43 Brake hydraulic system seal

and hose renewal

Every 36 000 miles or 3 years 1•21

1

42.1 Removing the crankcase vent valve
from the oil separator

41.10 Fuel filter location (arrowed) under
rear of vehicle

41.1 Fuel filter location - outlet union
arrowed

Caution: Before proceeding,
note the precautions given in
Chapter 3, Section 1.

Every 36 000 miles (60 000 km) or 3 years

4 Certain SOHC models have a bleed spigot

on the thermostat housing, which is covered
by a rubber cap. The cap should be removed
from the spigot before commencing draining

(see illustration).
5 With the expansion tank cap removed,

place a suitable container beneath the
radiator bottom hose or drain plug as
applicable.
6 On early models, loosen the clip and ease
the bottom hose away from the radiator
outlet. On later models, unscrew the drain
plug (see illustrations). Allow the coolant to
drain into the container.
7 On SOHC models, place a second
container beneath the drain plug on the
right-hand side of the cylinder block (see
illustration). Unscrew the drain plug and
allow the coolant to drain into the container.
No cylinder block drain plug is fitted on CVH
and DOHC models.

8 Dispose of the drained coolant safely.
9 After some time the radiator and engine

waterways may become restricted or even
blocked with scale or sediment, which
reduces the efficiency of the cooling system.
When this occurs, the coolant will appear
rusty and dark in colour and the system
should then be flushed.
10 Disconnect the top hose from the radiator,
then insert a garden hose and allow water to
circulate through the radiator until it runs clear
from the outlet.
11 Insert the hose in the expansion tank filler
neck and allow water to run out of the bottom
hose (and cylinder block on SOHC models)
until clear. If, after a reasonable period the
water still does not run clear, the radiator can
be flushed with a good proprietary cleaning
agent.
12 Disconnect the inlet hose from the inlet
manifold, connect the garden hose and allow
water to circulate through the manifold,
automatic choke (where applicable), heater
and out through the bottom hose until clear.
13 In severe cases of contamination the
system should be reverse flushed. To do this,
remove the radiator, invert it and insert a hose
in the outlet. Continue flushing until clear
water runs from the inlet.
14 The engine should also be reverse
flushed. To do this, remove the thermostat

and insert the hose into the cylinder head on
SOHC models, or into the inlet manifold on
CVH and DOHC models. Continue flushing
until clear water runs from the bottom hose
(and cylinder block on SOHC models).
15 Where applicable, refit the radiator and
the thermostat.
16 Reconnect any disturbed hoses and refit
and tighten the cylinder block drain plug
and/or radiator drain plug, as applicable.
17 On SOHC models fitted with a bleed
spigot on the thermostat housing, ensure that
the rubber cap is removed before refilling the
system.
18 Pour coolant in through the expansion
tank filler hole until the level is up to the
“MAX” mark.
19 Where applicable, refit the rubber cap to
the bleed spigot when coolant starts to
emerge from the spigot. Tighten the clip.
20 Squeeze the coolant hoses to help
disperse air locks. Top-up the coolant further
if necessary, then refit and tighten the
expansion tank cap.
21 Run the engine up to operating
temperature, checking for coolant leaks. Stop
the engine and allow it to cool, then re-check
the coolant level. Top-up the level as
necessary, taking care to avoid scalding as
the expansion tank cap is removed.

1•22 Every 36 000 miles or 3 years

46.4 Unscrew the clip and remove the
rubber cap from the bleed spigot -

SOHC models

46.6b Radiator drain plug (arrowed) - later
CVH models

46.7 Cylinder block drain plug (arrowed) ­SOHC models (engine removed)

46.6a Disconnect the bottom hose from
the radiator - early OHC models

1.3 litre engine

General

Engine type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Four-cylinder, in-line, single overhead camshaft

Firing order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3-4-2

Engine code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . JCT

Bore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.02 mm

Stroke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.00 mm

Cubic capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1294 cc

Compression ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.0:1

Compression pressure at starter motor speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 to 13 bar

Maximum continuous engine speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5800 rpm

Maximum engine power (DIN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 kW at 5700 rpm

Maximum engine torque (DIN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 Nm at 3100 rpm

Cylinder bore diameter

Standard class 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.000 to 79.010 mm

Standard class 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.010 to 79.020 mm

Standard class 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.020 to 79.030 mm

Standard class 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.030 to 79.040 mm

Oversize class A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.510 to 79.520 mm

Oversize class B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.520 to 79.530 mm

Oversize class C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.530 to 79.540 mm

Standard service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.030 to 79.040 mm

Oversize 0.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.530 to 79.540 mm

Oversize 1.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80.030 to 80.040 mm

Chapter 2 Part A:

SOHC engines

Auxiliary shaft - removal, inspection and refitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

Camshaft and cam followers - removal, inspection and refitting . . . .24

Compression test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

Crankcase ventilation system - inspection and maintenance . . . . . . .4

Crankshaft and bearings - examination and renovation . . . . . . . . . .35

Crankshaft and main bearings - removal and refitting . . . . . . . . . . . .34

Crankshaft front oil seal - renewal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

Crankshaft rear oil seal - renewal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

Cylinder block and bores - examination and renovation . . . . . . . . . .36

Cylinder head - dismantling and reassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22

Cylinder head - inspection and renovation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

Cylinder head - removal and refitting (engine in vehicle) . . . . . . . . . .20

Cylinder head - removal and refitting (engine removed) . . . . . . . . . . .21

Engine - refitting (automatic transmission in vehicle) . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

Engine - refitting (manual gearbox in vehicle) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

Engine - removal leaving automatic transmission in vehicle . . . . . . .10

Engine - removal leaving manual gearbox in vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

Engine/automatic transmission assembly - reconnection and

refitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

Engine/automatic transmission assembly - removal and separation .12

Engine dismantling,examination, renovation and reassembly - general

information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

Engine/manual gearbox - reconnection and refitting . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

Engine/manual gearbox assembly - removal and separation . . . . . .11

Engine mountings - renewal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

Engine oil and filter - renewal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2

Flywheel/driveplate - removal, inspection and refitting . . . . . . . . . . .26

General information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1

Initial start-up after overhaul or major repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37

Major operations possible with the engine in the vehicle . . . . . . . . . . .6

Major operations requiring engine removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7

Method of engine removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8

Oil pump - dismantling, inspection and reassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

Oil pump - removal and refitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30

Pistons and connecting rods - examination and renovation . . . . . . .33

Pistons and connecting rods - removal and refitting . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

Sump - removal and refitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29

Timing belt and sprockets - removal and refitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

Valve clearances - checking and adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3

2A•1

Specifications

Contents

2A

Easy, suitable for
novice with little
experience

Fairly easy, suitable
for beginner with
some experience

Fairly difficult,

suitable for competent
DIY mechanic

Difficult, suitable for
experienced DIY
mechanic

Very difficult,

suitable for expert
DIY or professional

Degrees of difficulty

Crankshaft

Endfloat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.08 to 0.28 mm (0.003 to 0.011 in)

Main bearing running clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.010 to 0.064 mm

Main bearing journal diameter:

Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.970 to 56.990 mm

Undersize 0.25 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.720 to 56.740 mm

Undersize 0.50 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.470 to 56.490 mm

Undersize 0.75 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.220 to 56.240 mm

Undersize 1.00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.970 to 55.990 mm

Main bearing thrustwasher thickness:

Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.30 to 2.35 mm

Oversize . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.50 to 2.55 mm

Big-end bearing running clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.006 to 0.060 mm

Big-end bearing journal diameter:

Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.980 to 52.000 mm

Undersize 0.25 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.730 to 51.750 mm

Undersize 0.50 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.480 to 51.500 mm

Undersize 0.75 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.230 to 51.250 mm

Undersize 1.00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.980 to 51.000 mm

Pistons and piston rings

Piston diameter:

Standard class 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78.965 to 78.975 mm

Standard class 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78.975 to 78.985 mm

Standard class 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78.985 to 78.995 mm

Standard class 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78.995 to 79.005 mm

Standard service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78.990 to 79.015 mm

Service oversize 0.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.490 to 79.515 mm

Service oversize 1.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.990 to 80.015 mm

Piston ring end gap:

Top . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.300 to 0.500 mm

Centre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.300 to 0.500 mm

Bottom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.400 to 1.400 mm

Auxiliary shaft

Endfloat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.050 to 0.204 mm (0.002 to 0.008 in)

Cylinder head

Valve seat angle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44º 30’ to 45º 00’

Service correction cutter*:

Upper correction angle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30º

Lower correction angle:

Inlet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75º

Exhaust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.5º

Valve seat width . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5 to 2.0 mm

Valve guide bore:

Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.063 to 8.088 mm

Oversize 0.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.263 to 8.288 mm

Oversize 0.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.463 to 8.488 mm

*Not for use with hardened valve seats

Camshaft

Endfloat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.104 to 0.204 mm (0.004 to 0.008 in)

Thrust plate thickness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.98 to 4.01 mm (0.156 to 0.158 in)

Bearing journal diameter:

Front . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.987 to 42.013 mm

Centre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.607 to 44.633 mm

Rear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.987 to 45.013 mm

Valves

Valve clearance (cold engine):

Inlet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.20 ± 0.03 mm (0.008 ± 0.001 in)

Exhaust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.25 ± 0.03 mm (0.010 ± 0.001 in)

Valve timing:

Inlet opens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22º BTDC

Inlet closes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54º ABDC

Exhaust opens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64º BBDC

Exhaust closes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12º ATDC

Valve spring free length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.00 mm (1.85 in)

2A•2 SOHC engines

Inlet valve stem diameter:

Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.025 to 8.043 mm

Oversize 0.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.225 to 8.243 mm

Oversize 0.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.425 to 8.443 mm

Oversize 0.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.625 to 8.643 mm

Oversize 0.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.825 to 8.843 mm

Exhaust valve stem diameter:

Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.999 to 8.017 mm

Oversize 0.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.199 to 8.217 mm

Oversize 0.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.399 to 8.417 mm

Oversize 0.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.599 to 8.617 mm

Oversize 0.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.799 to 8.817 mm

Lubrication system

Oil type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Multigrade engine oil, viscosity range SAE 10W/30 to 20W/50 to API

SG/CD or better

Oil capacity:

With filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.75 litres (6.6 pints)

Without filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.25 litres (5.7 pints)

Oil filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Champion C102

Oil pump clearances:

Outer rotor to body . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.153 to 0.304 mm (0.006 to 0.012 in)

Inner rotor to outer rotor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.050 to 0.200 mm (0.002 to 0.008 in)

Rotor endfloat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.039 to 0.104 mm (0.002 to 0.004 in)

Torque wrench settings Nm lbf ft

Main bearing cap bolts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 to 102 65 to 75

Big-end bearing cap nuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 to 47 30 to 35

Crankshaft pulley bolt:

Strength class 8.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 to 60 41 to 44

Strength class 10.9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 to 115 74 to 85

Camshaft sprocket bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 50 33 to 37

Auxiliary shaft sprocket bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 50 33 to 37

Flywheel bolts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 to 70 47 to 52

Oil pump bolts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 to 21 13 to 15

Oil pump cover bolts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 to 13 7 to 10

Sump bolts:

Stage 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 to 2 0.7 to 1.5

Stage 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 to 8 4 to 6

Stage 3 (after running engine for 20 minutes) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 to 10 6 to 7

Sump drain plug . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 to 28 15 to 21

Oil pressure warning lamp switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 to 15 9 to 11

Valve adjustment ball-pin locknuts:

7 mm thick nuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 to 50 33 to 37

8 mm thick nuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 to 55 37 to 41

Cylinder head bolts:

Splined type bolts:

Stage 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 to 55 30 to 41

Stage 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 to 70 37 to 52

Stage 3 (after 20 minutes) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 to 83 54 to 61

Stage 4 (after running engine for 15 minutes at 1000 rpm) . . . . . . 95 to 115 70 to 85

Torx type bolts:

Stage 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 to 40 26 to 30

Stage 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 to 75 52 to 55

Stage 3 (after 5 minutes) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tighten through a further 90º

Camshaft cover bolts:

Stage 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 to 8 4 to 6

Stage 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 to 3 1.5 to 2

Stage 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 to 8 4 to 6

Stage 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 to 8 4 to 6

Timing cover bolts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 to 17 10 to 13

Timing belt tensioner bolts:

Models with tensioner spring:

Spring bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 to 21 13 to 15

Pivot bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 25 15 to 18

Models without tensioner spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 to 25 15 to 18

Oil pick-up tube/strainer-to-oil pump bolts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 to 14 8 to 10

Oil pick-up tube/strainer-to-cylinder block bolts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 to 21 13 to 15

SOHC engines 2A•3

2A

1.6 litre engine

General

Engine type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Four-cylinder, in-line, single overhead camshaft

Firing order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3-4-2

Engine codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LCS, LCT, LSD and LSE

LCS and LCT LSD and LSE

Bore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87.67 mm 81.32 mm

Stroke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.00 mm 76.95 mm

Cubic capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1593 cc 1597 cc

Compression ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2 : 1 9.5 : 1

Compression pressure at starter motor speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 to 13 bar 11 to 13 bar

Maximum continuous engine speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5800 rpm 5950 rpm

Maximum engine power (DIN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 kW at 5300 rpm 55 kW at 4900 rpm

Maximum engine torque (DIN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 Nm at 2900 rpm 123 Nm at 2900 rpm

Cylinder bore diameter LCS and LCT LSD and LSE

Standard class 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87.650 to 87.660 mm 81.300 to 81.310 mm

Standard class 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87.660 to 87.670 mm 81.310 to 81.320 mm

Standard class 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87.670 to 87.680 mm 81.320 to 81.330 mm

Standard class 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87.680 to 87.690 mm 81.330 to 81.340 mm

Oversize class A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88.160 to 88.170 mm 81.810 to 81.820 mm

Oversize class B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88.170 to 88.180 mm 81.820 to 81.830 mm

Oversize class C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88.180 to 88.190 mm 81.830 to 81.840 mm

Standard service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87.680 to 87.690 mm 81.330 to 81.340 mm

Oversize 0.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88.180 to 88.190 mm 81.830 to 81.840 mm

Oversize 1.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88.680 to 88.690 mm 82.330 to 82.340 mm

Crankshaft

Specifications as for 1.3 litre engine except for the following:

Main bearing thrustwasher thickness from 1987:

Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.28 to 2.33 mm

Oversize . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.48 to 2.53 mm

Pistons and piston rings

Piston diameter: LCS and LCT LSD and LSE

Standard class 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87.615 to 87.625 mm 81.265 to 81.275 mm

Standard class 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87.625 to 87.635 mm 81.275 to 81.285 mm

Standard class 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87.635 to 87.645 mm 81.285 to 81.295 mm

Standard class 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87.645 to 87.655 mm 81.295 to 81.305 mm

Standard service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87.640 to 87.665 mm 81.290 to 81.315 mm

Service oversize 0.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88.140 to 88.165 mm 81.790 to 81.815 mm

Service oversize 1.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88.640 to 88.665 mm 82.290 to 82.315 mm

Piston ring end gap:

Top . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.300 to 0.500 mm 0.300 to 0.500 mm

Centre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.300 to 0.500 mm 0.300 to 0.500 mm

Bottom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.400 to 1.400 mm 0.400 to 1.400 mm

Auxiliary shaft

Endfloat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.050 to 0.204 mm (0.002 to 0.008 in)

Cylinder head

Specifications as for 1.3 litre engine

Camshaft

Specifications as for 1.3 litre engine except for the following:

Endfloat:

Engine codes LCS, LCT and LSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.104 to 0.204 mm (0.004 to 0.008 in)

Engine code LSD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.090 to 0.170 mm (0.003 to 0.007 in)

Valves

Specification as for 1.3 litre engine

Lubrication system

Specifications as for 1.3 litre engine

Torque wrench settings

Specification as for 1.3 litre engine

2A•4 SOHC engines

1.8 litre engine

General

Engine type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Four-cylinder, in line, single overhead camshaft

Firing order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3-4-2

Engine codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . REB and RED

Bore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.20 mm

Stroke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76.95 mm

Cubic capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1796 cc

Compression ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.5:1

Compression pressure at starter motor speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 to 13 bar

Maximum continuous engine speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5850 rpm

Maximum engine power (DIN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66kW at 5400 rpm

Maximum engine torque (DIN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 Nm at 3500 rpm

Cylinder bore diameter

Standard class 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.180 to 86.190 mm

Standard class 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.190 to 86.200 mm

Standard class 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.200 to 86.210 mm

Standard class 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.210 to 86.220 mm

Oversize class A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.690 to 86.700 mm

Oversize class B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.700 to 86.710 mm

Oversize class C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.710 to 86.720 mm

Standard service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.210 to 86.220 mm

Oversize 0.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.710 to 86.720 mm

Oversize 1.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87.210 to 87.220 mm

Crankshaft

Specifications as for 1.3 litre engine except for the following:

Main bearing thrustwasher thickness from 1987:

Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.28 to 2.33 mm

Oversize . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.48 to 2.53 mm

Pistons and piston rings

Piston diameter:

Standard class 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.145 to 86.155 mm

Standard class 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.155 to 86.165 mm

Standard class 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.165 to 86.175 mm

Standard class 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.175 to 86.185 mm

Standard service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.170 to 86.195 mm

Service oversize 0.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.670 to 86.695 mm

Service oversize 1.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.170 to 86.195 mm

Piston ring end gap:

Top . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.300 to 0.500 mm

Centre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.300 to 0.500 mm

Bottom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.400 to 1.400 mm

Auxiliary shaft

Endfloat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.050 to 0.204 mm (0.002 to 0.008 in)

Cylinder head and camshaft

Specifications as for 1.3 litre engine

Valves

Specifications as for 1.3 litre engine except for the following:

Valve clearance (cold engine):

Inlet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.20 ± 0.03 mm (0.008 ± 0.001 in)

Exhaust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.25 ± 0.03 mm (0.010 ± 0.001 in)

Valve timing:

Inlet opens. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24º BTDC

Inlet closes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64º ABDC

Exhaust opens. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70º BBDC

Exhaust closes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18º ATDC

Lubrication system

Specifications as for 1.3 litre engine

Torque wrench settings

Specifications as for 1.3 litre engine

SOHC engines 2A•5

2A

2.0 litre engine

General

Engine type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Four-cylinder, in-line, single overhead camshaft

Firing order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3-4-2

Engine codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NES and NET (carburettor, except P100), NRB and N4A (fuel

injection), and NAE (P100)

Bore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.82 mm

Stroke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76.95 mm

Cubic capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1993 cc

Compression ratio:

All except engine code NAE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2:1

Engine code NAE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.2:1

Compression pressure at starter motor speed:

All except engine code NAE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 to 13 bar

Engine code NAE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 to 12 bar

Maximum continuous engine speed:

Engine code NES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5850 rpm

Engine codes NET and NAE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5800 rpm

Engine codes NRB and N4A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6050 rpm

Maximum engine power (DIN):

Engine codes NES and NET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77kW at 5200 rpm

Engine codes NRB and N4A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85kW at 5500 rpm

Engine code NAE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57kW at 4500 rpm

Maximum engine torque (DIN):

Engine codes NES and NET. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 Nm at 4000 rpm

Engine codes NRB and N4A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 Nm at 4000 rpm

Engine code NAE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 Nm at 2800 rpm

Cylinder bore diameter

Standard class 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.800 to 90.810 mm

Standard class 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.810 to 90.820 mm

Standard class 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.820 to 90.830 mm

Standard class 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.830 to 90.840 mm

Oversize class A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91.310 to 91.320 mm

Oversize class B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91.320 to 91.330 mm

Oversize class C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91.330 to 91.340 mm

Standard service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.830 to 90.840 mm

Oversize 0.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91.330 to 91.340 mm

Oversize 1.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91.830 to 91.840 mm

Crankshaft

Specifications as for 1.3 litre engine except for the following:

Main bearing thrustwasher thickness:

All except engine codes NES, NET, NRB and N4A from 1987:

Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.30 to 2.35 mm

Oversize . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.50 to 2.55 mm

Engine codes NES, NET, NRB and N4A from 1987:

Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.28 to 2.33 mm

Oversize . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.48 to 2.53 mm

Pistons and piston rings

Piston diameter:

Standard class 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.765 to 90.775 mm

Standard class 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.775 to 90.785 mm

Standard class 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.785 to 90.795 mm

Standard class 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.795 to 90.805 mm

Standard service:

Up to 1985 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.780 to 90.805 mm

From 1985 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.790 to 90.815 mm

Service oversize 0.5:

Up to 1985 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91.280 to 91.305 mm

From 1985 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91.290 to 91.315 mm

Service oversize 1.0:

Up to 1985 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91.780 to 91.805 mm

From 1985 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91.790 to 91.815 mm

2A•6 SOHC engines

Piston ring end gap:

Top:

Up to 1985 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.038 to 0.048 mm

From 1985 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.400 to 0.600 mm

Centre:

Up to 1985 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.038 to 0.048 mm

From 1985 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.400 to 0.600 mm

Bottom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.400 to 1.400 mm

Auxiliary shaft

Endfloat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.050 to 0.204 mm (0.002 to 0.008 in)

Cylinder head

Specifications as for 1.3 litre engine

Valves

Specifications as for 1.3 litre engine except for the following:

Valve clearance (cold engine):

Inlet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.20 ± 0.03 mm (0.008 ± 0.001 in)

Exhaust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.25 ± 0.003 mm (0.010 ± 0.001 in)

Valve timing: All except code NAE Engine code NAE

Inlet opens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24º BTDC 18º BTDC

Inlet closes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64º ABDC 58º ABDC

Exhaust opens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70º BBDC 70º BBDC

Exhaust closes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18º ATDC 6º ATDC

Lubrication system

Specifications as for 1.3 litre engine

Torque wrench settings Nm lbf ft

Specifications as for 1.3 litre engine except for the following:

Crankshaft pulley bolt:

Fuel injection models up to 1987 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 to 130 85 to 96

Fuel injection models from 1987 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 to 115 74 to 85

SOHC engines 2A•7

2A

The engine is of a four-cylinder, in-line,
single overhead camshaft type, mounted at
the front of the vehicle and available in 1.3,

1.6, 1.8 and 2.0 litre versions.

The crankshaft incorporates five main
bearings. Thrustwashers are fitted to the
centre main bearing in order to control
crankshaft endfloat.

The camshaft is driven by a toothed belt
and operates the slightly angled valves via
cam followers which pivot on ball-pins.

The auxiliary shaft which is also driven by
the toothed belt, drives the distributor, oil
pump and fuel pump.

The cylinder head is of crossflow design
with the inlet manifold mounted on the left­hand side and the exhaust manifold mounted
on the right-hand side.

Lubrication is by means of a bi-rotor pump
which draws oil through a strainer located
inside the sump, and forces it through a full­flow filter into the engine oil galleries where it
is distributed to the crankshaft, camshaft and
auxiliary shaft. The big-end bearings are
supplied with oil via internal drillings in the
crankshaft. The undersides of the pistons are
supplied with oil from drillings in the big-ends.
The distributor shaft is intermittently supplied
with oil from the drilled auxiliary shaft. The
camshaft followers are supplied with oil via a

drilled spray tube from the centre camshaft
bearing.

A semi-closed crankcase ventilation system
is employed whereby piston blow-by gases
are drawn into the inlet manifold via an oil
separator and control valve.

Refer to Chapter 1, Section 8.

Refer to Chapter 1, Section 23.

Refer to Chapter 1, Section 35.

1 When engine performance is poor, or if
misfiring occurs which cannot be attributed to
the ignition or fuel system, a compression test
can provide diagnostic clues. If the test is
performed regularly it can give warning of
trouble before any other symptoms become
apparent.

2 The engine must be at operating
temperature, the battery must be fully
charged and the spark plugs must be
removed. The services of an assistant will also
be required.
3 Disable the ignition system by
disconnecting the coil LT feed. Fit the
compression tester to No 1 spark plug hole.
(The type of tester which screws into the
spark plug hole is to be preferred.)
4 Have the assistant hold the throttle wide
open and crank the engine on the starter.
Record the highest reading obtained on the
compression tester.
5 Repeat the test on the remaining cylinders,
recording the pressure developed in each.
6 Desired pressures are given in the
Specifications. If the pressure in any cylinder
is low, introduce a teaspoonful of clean
engine oil into the spark plug hole and repeat
the test.
7 If the addition of oil temporarily improves
the compression pressure, this indicates that
bore, piston or piston ring wear was
responsible for the pressure loss. No
improvement suggests that leaking or burnt
valves, or a blown head gasket, may be to
blame.
8 A low reading from the two adjacent
cylinders is almost certainly due to the head
gasket between them having blown.
9 On completion of the test, refit the spark
plugs and reconnect the coil LT feed.

5 Compression test

4 Crankcase ventilation system -

inspection and maintenance

3 Valve clearances - checking and

adjustment

2 Engine oil and filter - renewal

1 General information

The following operations can be carried out
without removing the engine from the vehicle:

a) Removal and servicing of the cylinder

head

b) Removal of the camshaft after removal of

the cylinder head
c) Removal of the timing belt and sprockets
d) Removal of the sump
e) Removal of the oil pump
f) Removal of the pistons and connecting

rods
g) Removal of the big-end bearings
h) Removal of the engine mountings
i) Removal of the clutch and flywheel
j) Removal of crankshaft front and rear oil

seals
k) Removal of the auxiliary shaft

The following operations can only be carried
out after removing the engine from the
vehicle:

a) Removal of the crankshaft main bearings
b) Removal of the crankshaft

The engine may be lifted out either on its
own, or together with the manual
gearbox/automatic transmission. Unless work
is to be carried out on the manual
gearbox/automatic transmission, it is
recommended that the engine is removed on
its own. Where automatic transmission is
fitted, the engine should where possible be
removed on its own due to the additional
weight of the transmission.

Note: The air conditioning system should
always be discharged by a Ford dealer or air
conditioning specialist.
Note: Refer to the warning in Section 8 before
proceeding. A suitable hoist and lifting tackle
will be required for this operation.

1 Disconnect the battery negative lead.
2 Remove the bonnet.
3 On carburettor models remove the air cleaner.
4 On fuel injection models, disconnect the

crankcase ventilation hose from the air inlet
hose, then disconnect the air inlet hose from
the throttle body. Depress the locking clip on
the airflow meter wiring plug and disconnect
the plug (pulling on the plug, not the wiring)
then release the four securing clips and lift off
the air cleaner lid with the airflow meter and
air inlet hose.
5 Remove the four retaining clips and
unscrew the two retaining screws, then
withdraw the upper section of the cooling fan
shroud from the radiator. Unclip and remove
the lower section of the shroud.
6 Remove the thermo-viscous cooling fan as
described in Chapter 3.

7 Drain the cooling system.
8 Disconnect the upper radiator hose and

where applicable, the expansion tank hose
from the thermostat housing.
9 Disconnect the coolant hoses from the
coolant pump, and where applicable from the
inlet manifold and automatic choke. Unclip
the coolant hose from the bracket on the
exhaust manifold hot air shroud/heat shield,
or the camshaft cover, as applicable.
10 On carburettor models, where applicable
disconnect the vacuum pipe from the engine
management module.
11 Disconnect the brake servo vacuum pipe
from the inlet manifold.
12 On carburettor models, disconnect the fuel
hoses from the carburettor and where
applicable the mechanical fuel pump and plug
the ends of the hoses to minimise petrol
spillage. Remember to take adequate fire
precautions.
13 On fuel injection models, disconnect the
fuel feed line from the fuel pressure regulator,
then disconnect the fuel supply hose from the

fuel rail. Position a suitable container beneath
the pressure regulator, then slowly loosen the
fuel feed union to relieve the pressure in the
fuel lines before disconnecting the union.
Take adequate fire precautions. Plug the ends
of the hoses to minimise petrol spillage.
14 Disconnect the throttle cable, and where
applicable remove its bracket.
15 Disconnect the HT lead from the ignition
coil.
16 Disconnect the wiring from the following
components as applicable depending on
model:

Alternator
Starter motor
Distributor
Oil pressure warning lamp switch
Temperature gauge sender
Engine coolant temperature sensor
Automatic choke
Automatic choke pull-down solenoid
Carburettor anti-dieselling valve
Inlet manifold heater
Carburettor stepper motor
Fuel injection harness
Dipstick

17 Where applicable, detach the power
steering pump from the cylinder block and
move it to one side.
18 Unscrew and remove the top engine-to­gearbox bolts which are accessible from the
engine compartment. Note the location of the
earth strap on one of the bolts.
19 Note the location of the earth strap on the
rear inlet manifold stud, then remove the nut
and disconnect the strap.
20 Apply the handbrake (if not already done),
jack up the front of the vehicle and support on
axle stands (see “Jacking and Vehicle Support”).
21 Drain the engine oil into a suitable
container.

22 Remove the starter motor.
23 Remove the exhaust downpipe.
24 Unscrew the nuts or bolts, as applicable,

securing the engine mountings to the
crossmember. Recover the washers.
25 Unscrew and remove the remaining
engine-to-gearbox bolts, and remove the bolt
from the engine adapter plate (see

illustration).
26 Remove the two securing bolts and

disconnect the engine-to-gearbox brace from
the engine and gearbox.
27 Working inside the vehicle, place a
wooden block under the clutch pedal to raise
it fully against its stop which will hold the
automatic adjuster pawl clear of the toothed
quadrant.
28 Disconnect the clutch cable from the
clutch release arm, and pass the cable
through the bellhousing. Where applicable,
remove the clip securing the clutch cable to
the right-hand engine mounting bracket. Note
the cable routing for use when refitting.
29 Lower the vehicle to the ground, and
support the gearbox with a trolley jack, using
a block of wood between the jack and the
gearbox to spread the load.
30 Make a final check to ensure that all
relevant wires, pipes and hoses have been
disconnected to facilitate engine removal.

9 Engine - removal leaving

manual gearbox in vehicle

8 Method of engine removal

7 Major operations requiring

engine removal

6 Major operations possible with

the engine in the vehicle

2A•8 SOHC engines

9.25 Engine adapter plate bolt (A) and
engine-to-gearbox brace (B)

Warning: Vehicles equipped
with air conditioning:
Components of the air

conditioning system may
obstruct work being undertaken on the
engine, and it is not always possible to
unbolt and move them aside sufficiently,
within the limits of their flexible
connecting pipes. In such a case, the
system should be discharged by a Ford
dealer or air conditioning specialist. The
refrigerant is harmless under normal
conditions, but in the presence of a naked
flame (or a lighted cigarette) it forms a
highly toxic gas. Liquid refrigerant spilled
on the skin will cause frostbite. If
refrigerant enters the eyes, rinse them
with a diluted solution of boric acid and
seek medical advice immediately.