Page 1
Thermalert® 4.0 Series
Smart Integrated Infrared Sensors
Users Manual
PN 4968276, English, Rev. 1.1, May 2018
© 2018 Fluke Process Instruments. All rights reserved. Printed in Germany. Specifications subject to change without notice.
All product names are trademarks of their respective companies.
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Warranty
The manufacturer warrants this instrument to be free from defects in material and workmanship under normal use
and service for the period of two years from date of purchase. This warranty extends only to the original purchaser.
This warranty shall not apply to fuses, batteries or any product which has been subject to misuse, neglect, accident,
or abnormal conditions of operation.
In the event of failure of a product covered by this warranty, the manufacturer will repair the instrument when it is
returned by the purchaser, freight prepaid, to an authorized Service Facility within the applicable warranty period,
provided manufacturer’s examination discloses to its satisfaction that the product was defective. The manufacturer
may, at its option, replace the product in lieu of repair. With regard to any covered product returned within the
applicable warranty period, repairs or replacement will be made without charge and with return freight paid by the
manufacturer, unless the failure was caused by misuse, neglect, accident, or abnormal conditions of operation or
storage, in which case repairs will be billed at a reasonable cost. In such a case, an estimate will be submitted
before work is started, if requested.
The foregoing warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, expressed or implied, including but not limited to any
implied warranty of merchantability, fitness, or adequacy for any particular purpose or use. The manufacturer shall
not be liable for any special, incidental or consequential damages, whether in contract, tort, or otherwise.
Software Warranty
The manufacturer does not warrant that the software described herein will function properly in every hardware and
software environment. This software may not work in combination with modified or emulated versions of Windows
operating environments, memory-resident software, or on computers with inadequate memory. The manufacturer
warrants that the program disk is free from defects in material and workmanship, assuming normal use, for a period
of one year. Except for this warranty, the manufacturer makes no warranty or representation, either expressed or
implied, with respect to this software or documentation, including its quality, performance, merchantability, or
fitness for a particular purpose. As a result, this software and documentation are licensed “as is,” and the licensee
(i.e., the User) assumes the entire risk as to its quality and performance. The liability of the manufacturer under
this warranty shall be limited to the amount paid by the User. In no event shall the manufacturer be liable for any
costs including but not limited to those incurred as a result of lost profits or revenue, loss of use of the computer
software, loss of data, the cost of substitute software, claims by third parties, or for other similar costs. The
manufacturer’s software and documentation are copyrighted with all rights reserved. It is illegal to make copies for
another person.
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Table of Contents
Chapter Page
TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................................................................ 3
LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................................................................................... 7
LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................................................................... 8
COMPLIANCE STATEMENT ....................................................................................................................................... 10
SAFETY INFORMATION ............................................................................................................................................. 11
CONTACTS ............................................................................................................................................................. 15
1 DESCRIPTION ....................................................................................................................................................... 16
2 TECHNICAL DATA ................................................................................................................................................. 18
2.1 Measurement Specification ............................................................................................................................................................................. 18
2.2 Optical Specifications ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 20
2.3 Electrical Specifications .................................................................................................................................................................................. 21
2.3.1 Model 2-Wire .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 21
2.3.2 Model 6-Wire .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 21
2.3.3 Model 12-Wire ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 21
2.4 Environmental Specifications .......................................................................................................................................................................... 22
2.5 Dimensions ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 23
2.5.1 Model 2-Wire / 6-Wire ............................................................................................................................................................................ 23
2.5.2 Model 12-Wire ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 23
2.6 Scope of Delivery ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 24
3 BASICS ............................................................................................................................................................... 25
3.1 Measurement of Infrared Temperature ........................................................................................................................................................... 25
3.2 Emissivity of Target Object ............................................................................................................................................................................. 25
4 ENVIRONMENT ..................................................................................................................................................... 26
4.1 Ambient Temperature ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 26
4.2 Atmospheric Quality ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 26
4.3 Electrical Interference ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 26
5 INSTALLATION ...................................................................................................................................................... 28
5.1 Positioning ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 28
5.2 Distance to Object ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 28
5.3 Viewing Angles ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 29
5.4 Model 2-Wire ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 29
5.4.1 Back Panel ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 29
5.4.2 Cable Connection .................................................................................................................................................................................. 30
5.4.3 mA Single Loop ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 33
5.4.4 mA Multiple Loops ................................................................................................................................................................................. 35
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5.4.5 Alarm Output AL .................................................................................................................................................................................... 35
5.5 Model 6-Wire ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 36
5.5.1 Back Panel............................................................................................................................................................................................. 36
5.5.2 Cable Connection .................................................................................................................................................................................. 36
5.5.3 Terminal Strip ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 36
5.5.4 Analog Out ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 36
5.5.4.1 mA Output ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 36
5.5.4.2 V Output .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 37
5.5.4.3 TC Output ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 37
5.5.5 RS485 Communication ......................................................................................................................................................................... 37
5.6 Model 12-Wire................................................................................................................................................................................................. 37
5.6.1 Back Panel............................................................................................................................................................................................. 37
5.6.2 RS485 Communication ......................................................................................................................................................................... 38
5.6.3 FTC1 – Emissivity Setting ..................................................................................................................................................................... 38
5.6.4 FTC2 – Background Temperature Compensation ................................................................................................................................ 38
5.6.5 Trigger Input .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 40
5.6.5.1 Reset ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 40
5.6.5.2 Hold ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 40
5.6.5.3 Laser ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 41
5.6.6 Relay Output .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 41
5.6.7 Analog Out ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 41
5.6.7.1 mA Output ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 41
5.6.7.2 V Output .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 42
6 RS485 ................................................................................................................................................................ 43
6.1 Specification .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 43
6.2 Installation ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 43
6.3 Wiring .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 44
6.3.1 Model 6-Wire ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 44
6.3.2 Model 12-Wire ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 44
6.3.3 Computer Interfacing ............................................................................................................................................................................. 44
6.3.4 Multiple Sensors .................................................................................................................................................................................... 45
7 OPERATION .......................................................................................................................................................... 46
7.1 Laser ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 46
7.2 Post Processing .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 46
7.2.1 Averaging............................................................................................................................................................................................... 46
7.2.2 Peak Hold .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 47
7.2.3 Valley Hold............................................................................................................................................................................................. 47
7.2.4 Advanced Peak Hold ............................................................................................................................................................................. 48
7.2.5 Advanced Valley Hold ........................................................................................................................................................................... 49
7.2.6 Advanced Peak Hold with Averaging .................................................................................................................................................... 49
7.2.7 Advanced Valley Hold with Averaging .................................................................................................................................................. 49
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8 ACCESSORIES ..................................................................................................................................................... 50
8.1 Electrical Accessories ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 50
8.1.1 High Temp Cable 12-Wire (A-CB-HT-M16-W12-xx) ............................................................................................................................. 51
8.1.2 Low Temp Cable 12-Wire (A-CB-LT-M16-W12-xx)............................................................................................................................... 53
8.1.3 Terminal Block (A-T40-TB) .................................................................................................................................................................... 55
8.1.4 Terminal Block with Enclosure (A-T40-TB-ENC) .................................................................................................................................. 56
8.1.5 Power Supply DIN Rail (A-PS-DIN-24V) ............................................................................................................................................... 57
8.1.6 Power Supply with Terminal Box (A-PS-ENC-24V) .............................................................................................................................. 58
8.1.7 USB/RS485 Converter (A-CONV-USB485) .......................................................................................................................................... 59
8.2 Mechanical Accessories .................................................................................................................................................................................. 60
8.2.1 Mounting Nut (A-MN) ............................................................................................................................................................................. 61
8.2.2 Fixed Bracket (A-BR-F).......................................................................................................................................................................... 62
8.2.3 Adjustable Bracket (A-BR-A) ................................................................................................................................................................. 63
8.2.4 Swivel Bracket (A-BR-S) ........................................................................................................................................................................ 64
8.2.5 Sighting Tube (A-ST-xx) ........................................................................................................................................................................ 65
8.2.6 Pipe Adapter (A-PA) .............................................................................................................................................................................. 67
8.2.7 Protective Windows (A-T40-PW-xx) ...................................................................................................................................................... 68
8.2.8 Right Angle Mirror (A-MIR-RA) .............................................................................................................................................................. 69
8.2.9 Air Purge (A-AP) .................................................................................................................................................................................... 70
8.2.10 Air/Water-Cooled Housing (A-T40-WC) .............................................................................................................................................. 71
8.2.10.1 Avoidance of Condensation ........................................................................................................................................................... 72
8.2.11 Thread Adapter (A-TA-M56) ................................................................................................................................................................ 74
8.2.12 Mounting Flange (A-MF-MOD) ............................................................................................................................................................ 75
9 MAINTENANCE ..................................................................................................................................................... 76
9.1 Troubleshooting Minor Problems .................................................................................................................................................................... 76
9.2 Fail-Safe Operation ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 76
9.3 Cleaning the Lens ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 76
10 PROGRAMMING GUIDE ........................................................................................................................................ 78
10.1 Command Structure ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 78
10.1.1 Requesting a Parameter (Poll Mode) .................................................................................................................................................. 78
10.1.2 Setting a Parameter (Poll Mode) ......................................................................................................................................................... 78
10.1.3 Sensor Response ................................................................................................................................................................................ 78
10.1.4 Sensor Notification ............................................................................................................................................................................... 78
10.1.5 Error Messages .................................................................................................................................................................................... 78
10.2 Transfer Modes ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 79
10.3 Sensor Information ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 79
10.4 Sensor Setup ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 79
10.4.1 General Settings .................................................................................................................................................................................. 79
10.4.2 Emissivity Setting ................................................................................................................................................................................. 80
10.4.3 Background Temperature Compensation ........................................................................................................................................... 80
10.4.4 Temperature Hold Functions ............................................................................................................................................................... 80
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10.5 Sensor Control .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 81
10.5.1 Analog Output ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 81
10.5.2 Relay Output ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 81
10.6 RS485 Communication ................................................................................................................................................................................. 81
10.7 Multidrop Mode ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 81
10.8 Command List ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 83
11 APPENDIX .......................................................................................................................................................... 87
11.1 Optical Diagrams .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 87
11.1.1 LT-07 Models ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 87
11.1.2 LT-15 Models ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 87
11.1.3 LT-30 Models ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 88
11.1.4 LT-50 Models ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 89
11.1.5 LT-70 Models ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 90
11.1.6 P7-30 Models ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 90
11.1.7 G7-70 Models ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 91
11.1.8 G5-30 Models ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 91
11.1.9 G5-70 Models ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 91
11.1.10 MT-30 Models .................................................................................................................................................................................... 92
11.1.11 MT-70 Models .................................................................................................................................................................................... 93
11.1.12 P3-20 Models .................................................................................................................................................................................... 94
11.1.13 HT-60 Models .................................................................................................................................................................................... 95
11.2 Determination of Emissivity .......................................................................................................................................................................... 96
11.3 Typical Emissivity Values ............................................................................................................................................................................. 96
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List of Tables
Table Page
Table 5-1: Terminal Connections ......................................................................................................................... 30
Table 5-2: Power Supply Requirements for Multiple Loads ................................................................................. 34
Table 5-3: Pin Assignment for Terminal Strip ....................................................................................................... 36
Table 5-4: Pin Assignment for DIN Connector ..................................................................................................... 38
Table 5-5: Ratio between Analog Input Voltage and Emissivity ........................................................................... 38
Table 8-6: Available Cable Lengths ..................................................................................................................... 51
Table 8-7: Available Cable Lengths ..................................................................................................................... 53
Table 8-8: Protective Windows............................................................................................................................. 68
Table 8-9: Minimum device temperatures [°C/°F] ................................................................................................ 73
Table 9-10: Troubleshooting ................................................................................................................................ 76
Table 9-11: Error Codes for Analog Output .......................................................................................................... 76
Table 9-12: Error Codes via Field Bus ................................................................................................................. 76
Table 10-13: Sensor Information .......................................................................................................................... 79
Table 10-14: Overview to Temperature Hold Functions ....................................................................................... 80
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List of Figures
Figure Page
Figure 1-1: Available Models ................................................................................................................................ 17
Figure 2-1: Dimensions for the 2-Wire and 6-Wire Model ..................................................................................... 23
Figure 2-2: Dimensions for the 12-Wire Model ..................................................................................................... 23
Figure 4-1: One Earth Ground at the Sensor (left) or at the Power Supply (right)................................................. 26
Figure 4-2: Principle of the Galvanic Isolation for the 6-Wire Model ..................................................................... 27
Figure 4-3: Principle of the Galvanic Isolation for the 12-Wire Model ................................................................... 27
Figure 5-1: Proper Sensor Placement ................................................................................................................... 28
Figure 5-2: Acceptable Sensor Viewing Angles .................................................................................................... 29
Figure 5-3: Rear Panel for 2-Wire Sensor ............................................................................................................. 29
Figure 5-4: Principle Circuit Diagram: Infrared Sensor with Multiple Loads .......................................................... 33
Figure 5-5: Equivalent Circuit Diagram: Infrared Sensor with Multiple Loads ....................................................... 34
Figure 5-6: Principle Circuit Diagram: Infrared Sensor with Multiple Loads .......................................................... 35
Figure 5-7: Exemplary Wiring the Alarm Output AL for the 2-Wire Sensor ........................................................... 35
Figure 5-8: Rear Panel for 6-Wire Sensor ............................................................................................................. 36
Figure 5-9: Wiring Analog Out as Current Output ................................................................................................. 37
Figure 5-10: Wiring Analog Out as Voltage Output ............................................................................................... 37
Figure 5-11: DIN Connector Pin Layout (pin side) ................................................................................................ 37
Figure 5-12: Adjustment of Emissivity at FTC1 Input (Example) ........................................................................... 38
Figure 5-13: Principle of Background Temperature Compensation ...................................................................... 39
Figure 5-14: Adjustment of Background Temperature Compensation at FTC2 Input (Example) .......................... 40
Figure 5-15: Wiring the Trigger Input .................................................................................................................... 40
Figure 5-16: Resetting the Peak Hold Function .................................................................................................... 40
Figure 5-17: Holding the Output Temperature ...................................................................................................... 41
Figure 5-18: Spike Voltage Limitation for the Alarm Relay .................................................................................... 41
Figure 5-19: Wiring Analog Out as Current Output ............................................................................................... 42
Figure 5-20: Wiring Analog Out as Voltage Output ............................................................................................... 42
Figure 6-1: Network in Linear Topology (daisy chain) ........................................................................................... 43
Figure 6-2: Wiring RS485 Communication for 6-Wire Model ................................................................................ 44
Figure 6-3: Wiring RS485 Communication for 12-Wire Model .............................................................................. 44
Figure 6-4: Wiring the Sensor’s RS485 Interface with USB/RS485 Converter in 2-Wire Mode ............................ 45
Figure 6-5: Wiring the Multiple Sensors via RS485 Interface with USB/RS485 Converter in 2-Wire Mode .......... 45
Figure 7-1: Laser Indication .................................................................................................................................. 46
Figure 7-2: Averaging ........................................................................................................................................... 47
Figure 7-3: Peak Hold ........................................................................................................................................... 47
Figure 7-4: Valley Hold ......................................................................................................................................... 48
Figure 7-5: Advanced Peak Hold .......................................................................................................................... 48
Figure 7-6: Advanced Peak Hold with Averaging .................................................................................................. 49
Figure 8-1: High Temp Cable (12-Wire) ................................................................................................................ 51
Figure 8-2: Low Temp Cable (12-Wire) ................................................................................................................. 53
Figure 8-3: Terminal Block with Wire Color Assignment ....................................................................................... 55
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Figure 8-4: Terminal Block in an Enclosure ......................................................................................................... 56
Figure 8-5: Industrial Power Supply ..................................................................................................................... 57
Figure 8-6: Power Supply with Terminal Box ....................................................................................................... 58
Figure 8-7: USB/RS485 Converter ....................................................................................................................... 59
Figure 8-8: Overview to Mechanical Accessories................................................................................................. 60
Figure 8-9: Mounting Nut ..................................................................................................................................... 61
Figure 8-10: Fixed Bracket ................................................................................................................................... 62
Figure 8-11: Adjustable Bracket ........................................................................................................................... 63
Figure 8-12: Swivel Bracket ................................................................................................................................. 64
Figure 8-13: Installation of the Sighting Tube ....................................................................................................... 65
Figure 8-14: Dimensions for the Sighting Tube .................................................................................................... 65
Figure 8-15: Available Sighting Tubes ................................................................................................................. 65
Figure 8-16: Pipe Adapter .................................................................................................................................... 67
Figure 8-17: Protective Window ........................................................................................................................... 68
Figure 8-18: Right Angle Mirror ............................................................................................................................ 69
Figure 8-19: Air Purge Collar ............................................................................................................................... 70
Figure 8-20: Air/Water-Cooled Housing ............................................................................................................... 71
Figure 8-21: Thread Adapter ................................................................................................................................ 74
Figure 8-22: Mounting Flange .............................................................................................................................. 75
Figure 11-1: Optical Diagrams LT-07 Models ...................................................................................................... 87
Figure 11-2: Optical Diagrams LT-15 Models ...................................................................................................... 87
Figure 11-3: Optical Diagrams LT-30 Models ...................................................................................................... 88
Figure 11-4: Optical Diagrams LT-50 Models ...................................................................................................... 89
Figure 11-5: Optical Diagrams LT-70 Models ...................................................................................................... 90
Figure 11-6: Optical Diagrams P7-30 Models ...................................................................................................... 90
Figure 11-7: Optical Diagrams G7-70 Models ...................................................................................................... 91
Figure 11-8: Optical Diagrams G5-30 Models ...................................................................................................... 91
Figure 11-9: Optical Diagrams G5-70 Models ...................................................................................................... 91
Figure 11-10: Optical Diagrams MT-30 Models ................................................................................................... 92
Figure 11-11: Optical Diagrams MT-70 Models ................................................................................................... 93
Figure 11-12: Optical DiagramsP3-20 Models ..................................................................................................... 94
Figure 11-13: Optical Diagrams HT-60 Models .................................................................................................... 95
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Compliance Statement
The device complies with the requirements of the European Directives:
EC – Directive 2014/30/EU – EMC
EC – Directive 2011/65/EU – RoHS II
EN 61326-1: 2013 Electrical measurement, control and laboratory devices -
Electromagnetic susceptibility (EMC)
EN 50581: 2012 Technical documentation for the evaluation of electrical products with respect to
restriction of hazardous substances (RoHS)
Electromagnetic Compatibility Applies to use in Korea only. Class A Equipment
(Industrial Broadcasting & Communication Equipment)
This product meets requirements for industrial (Class A) electromagnetic wave
equipment and the seller or user should take notice of it. This equipment is intended
for use in business environments and is not to be used in homes.
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Safety Information
This document contains important information, which should be kept at all times with the instrument during its
operational life. Other users of this instrument should be given these instructions with the instrument. Eventual
updates to this information must be added to the original document. The instrument can only be operated by trained
personnel in accordance with these instructions and local safety regulations.
Acceptable Operation
This instrument is intended only for the measurement of temperature. The instrument is appropriate for continuous
use. The instrument operates reliably in demanding conditions, such as in high environmental temperatures, as
long as the documented technical specifications for all instrument components are adhered to. Compliance with
the operating instructions is necessary to ensure the expected results.
Unacceptable Operation
The instrument should not be used for medical diagnosis.
Replacement Parts and Accessories
Use only original parts and accessories approved by the manufacturer. The use of other products can compromise
the operation safety and functionality of the instrument.
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Safety Symbol
Description
Read all safety information before in the handbook
Hazardous voltage. Risk of electrical shock.
Warning. Risk of danger. Important information. See manual.
Laser warning
Earth (ground) terminal
Protective conductor terminal
Switch or relay contact
DC power supply
Conforms to European Union directive.
Disposal of old instruments should be handled according to professional and
environmental regulations as electronic waste.
Conforms to relevant South Korean EMC Standards.
Certified by CSA group to North American Safety Standards
International Ingress Protection Marking
China RoHS
IP65
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To prevent possible electrical shock, fire, or personal injury follow these guidelines:
• Read all safety information before you use the product.
• Use the product only as specified, or the protection supplied by the product can be
compromised.
• Do not use the product around explosive gases, vapor, or in damp or wet environments.
• Carefully read all instructions.
• Do not use and disable the product if it is damaged.
• Do not use the product if it operates incorrectly.
• Do not apply more than the rated voltage between the terminals or each terminal and earth
ground.
• Do not look directly into the laser with optical tools (for example, binoculars, telescopes,
microscopes). Optical tools can focus the laser and be dangerous to the eye.
• Do not look into the laser. Do not point laser directly at persons or animals or indirectly off
reflective surfaces.
• Do not use laser viewing glasses as laser protection glasses. Laser viewing glasses are used
only for better visibility of the laser in bright light.
• Use the product only as specified or hazardous laser radiation exposure can occur.
• Incorrect wiring can damage the sensor and void the warranty. Before applying power, make
sure all connections are correct and secure!
• To prevent possible electrical shock, fire, or personal injury make sure that the sensor is
grounded before use.
• Have an approved technician repair the product.
• The metallic enclosure of the sensor is not necessarily earthed by installation. At least one of the
following safety measures must be met to minimize the danger of electrostatic charges:
o Earth grounding of the cable shield
o Installing the unit’s metallic enclosure on an earth grounded mounting bracket or on any other
grounded bases
o Protect the operator from electrostatic discharge
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Thermalert® 4.0 Series
Users Manual, Rev. 1.1, May 2018
16
1 Description
The Thermalert 4.0 sensor is an infrared thermometer that differs in spectral responses to be capable of covering
a broad range of applications such as metal, glass, and plastics.
The Thermalert 4.0 Series introduces improved temperature measurement specifications, an extended operating
ambient temperature range, multiple user interfaces and various network communications. Everything is packaged
in a sealed stainless steel housing rated IP65 (NEMA 4).
The Thermalert 4.0 Series comes with the following features:
• Wide temperature range from -40 to 2250°C (-40 to 4082°F)
• Multiple spectral models for any kind of application
• Wide choice of optics
• Fast response time down to 30 ms
• Laser sighting
• Compact, rugged design in stainless steel
• Galvanic isolated outputs
• Real-time ambient background temperature compensation
• Simple, two-wire installation or digital communications RS485
• Rugged accessories for harsh industrial environments
• Software for remote configuration, monitoring and field calibration
The following Thermalert 4.0 model variants are available:
T40 – XX – XX – XXX – X
| | | | |
Series
Spectral:
LT
MT
HT
G5
G7
P3
P7
Optics:
07
15
20
30
50
60
70
Focus:
SF0
SF2
SF4
CF0
CF1
CF2
Interface:
0 (2 wire)
1 (6 wire)
2 (12 wire)
Example: T40-LT-15-SF0-0
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Description
Measurement Specification
17
1
Figure 1-1: Available Models
2-Wire
4 to 20 mA, Alarm, USB
6-Wire
Analog Out, RS485, USB
12-Wire
Analog In/Out, Alarm, Trigger, RS485, USB
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Thermalert® 4.0 Series
Users Manual, Rev. 1.1, May 2018
18
2 Technical Data
2.1 Measurement Specification
Temperature Range
LT-07 -20 to 600°C (-4 to 1112°F)
LT-15 -20 to 600°C (-4 to 1112°F)
LT-30 -20 to 600°C (-4 to 1112°F)
LT-50 -40 to 1000°C (-40 to 1832°F)
LT-70 -40 to 1000°C (-40 to 1832°F)
P7-30 10 to 360°C (50 to 680°F)
G7-70 300 to 900°C (572 to 1652°F)
G5-30 250 to 1650°C (482 to 3002°F)
G5-70 450 to 2250°C (842 to 4082°F)
MT-30 200 to 1000°C (392 to 1832°F)
MT-70 450 to 2250°C (842 to 4082°F)
P3-20 25 to 450°C (77 to 842°F)
HT-60 500 to 2000°C (932 to 3632°F)
Spectral Response
LT-07 8 to 14 µm
LT-15 8 to 14 µm
LT-30 8 to 14 µm
LT-50 8 to 14 µm
LT-70 8 to 14 µm
P7-30 7.9 µm
G7-70 7.9 µm
G5-30 5 µm
G5-70 5 µm
MT-30 3.9 µm
MT-70 3.9 µm
P3-20 3.43 µm
HT-60 2.2 µm
Response Time1
LT-07 150 ms
LT-15 150 ms
LT-30 30 ms
LT-50 130 ms
LT-70 130 ms
P7-30 130 ms
G7-70 130 ms
G5-30 60 ms
1
90% value
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Technical Data
Measurement Specification
19
2
G5-70 60 ms
MT-30 130 ms
MT-70 130 ms
P3-20 130 ms2
HT-60 130 ms
System Accuracy3
P3 ± (3°C + 1% of reading) for T
meas
> 75°C (167°F)
All other ± 1% of reading or ± 1.0°C (2.0°F) for T
meas
> 0°C (32°F)
for T
meas
≤ 0°C (32°F):
± [1.0°C + 0.1*(0°C – T
meas
)] with T
meas
in °C
± [2.0°F + 0.1*(32°F – T
meas
)] with T
meas
in °F
Repeatability4
P3 ± 1°C (2°F) or 0.5% of reading, whichever is greater
All other ± 0.3°C (0.6°F) or 0.3% of reading, whichever is greater
Temperature Resolution
Digital output 0.1°C (0.1°F)
Analog output 14 bit
Emissivity
6-wire / 12-wire models 0.100 to 1.100, in 0.001 increments
2-wire models 0.10 to 1.00, in 0.01 increments
Signal Processing
All models Averaging, peak hold, valley hold, advanced peak hold, advanced valley hold,
ambient background temperature compensation
2
10 s for T
target
< 150°C (302°F)
3
at ambient temperature 23°C ± 5°C (73°F ± 9°F), emissivity = 1.0 and calibration geometry
4
at ambient temperature 23°C ± 5°C (73°F ± 9°F), emissivity = 1.0 and calibration geometry
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2.2 Optical Specifications
Optical Resolution D:S5 Focus Distances
LT-07 7:1 CF0 (plastic lens)
LT-15 15:1 SF0 (plastic lens)
LT-30 33:1 SF0, CF1, CF2
LT-50 50:1 SF0, CF2
LT-70 70:1 SF2, CF2
P7-30 33:1 SF0
G7-70 70:1 SF2
G5-30 33:1 SF0
G5-70 70:1 SF2
MT-30 33:1 SF0, CF1, CF2
MT-70 70:1 SF2, CF1, CF2
P3-20 20:1 SF4
HT-60 60:1 SF0, CF1, CF2
Focus Distances
SF0 1520 mm (60 in)
SF2 1250 mm (49 in)
SF4 500 mm (20 in)
CF0 50 mm (2 in)
CF1 76 mm (3 in)
CF2 200 mm (7.9 in)
Note
The focus distance is measured from the lens of the sensor.
For units with air/water-cooled housing, you have to subtract 70 mm (2.8 in) from the focus distance.
For units with ThermoJacket, you have to subtract 55 mm (2.2 in) from the focus distance.
These considerations are very important, especially for sensors with close focus optic!
For detailed optical charts, see section 11.1 Optical Diagrams, page 87.
Laser
All models laser available per standard (except LT-07, LT-15, and P3 models)
2-wire devices require an additional power supply via USB
5
at 90% energy, specified D:S ratio at focus point only
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Technical Data
Electrical Specifications
21
2
2.3 Electrical Specifications
2.3.1 Model 2-Wire
Power 12 to 24 VDC
Outputs
Analog 4 to 20 mA, loop impedance max. 500 Ω
Alarm 24 V / 150 mA
Digital USB: version 2.0, micro-B connector (only for the setup of the instrument)
2.3.2 Model 6-Wire
Power + 24 VDC nominal (20 to 48 VDC), 100 mA @ 24 V
Outputs
Analog 0 to 20 mA (active), or
4 to 20 mA (active), or
0 to 10 V, or
J thermocouple, or
K thermocouple
current loop impedance: max. 500 Ω
voltage load impedance: min. 5 kΩ
electrically isolated from power supply
Digital USB: version 2.0, micro-B connector (only for the setup of the instrument)
RS485: networkable to 32 sensors,
baud rate: 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200 Bit/s (default: 9600 Bit/s)
2.3.3 Model 12-Wire
Power + 24 VDC nominal (20 to 48 VDC), 100 mA @ 24 V
Outputs
Analog 0 to 20 mA (active), or
4 to 20 mA (active), or
0 to 10 V
current loop impedance: max. 500 Ω
voltage load impedance: min. 5 kΩ
electrically isolated from power supply
Alarm 48 V / 300 mA
1 potential-free relay output with wear-free contacts (solid state relay),
electrically isolated from power supply
Input
Analog 0 to 10 V
emissivity setting, or
background temperature compensation
Digital trigger input (closing contact)
Digital USB: version 2.0, micro-B connector (only for the setup of the instrument)
RS485: networkable to 32 sensors,
baud rate: 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200 Bit/s (default: 9600 Bit/s)
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2.4 Environmental Specifications
Ingress Protection IP65 / IEC 60529 (NEMA-4)
Operating temperature -20 to 85°C (-4 to 185°F) without cooling
10 to 120°C (50 to 250°F) with air cooling
10 to 175°C (50 to 350°F) with water cooling
10 to 315°C (50 to 600°F) water cooled by ThermoJacket
Storage temperature -20 to 85°C (-4 to 185°F)
Humidity 10% to 95% @ 30°C (86°F), non-condensing (operating and storage)
Vibration and shock IEC 60068-2-27 (mechanical shock): 50 G, 6 ms, 3 axis
IEC 60068-2-26 (sinusoidal vibration): 3 G, 11 – 200 Hz, 3 axis
EMC EN 61326-1:2013 industrial
KCC Electromagnetic Compatibility - applies to use in Korea only. Class A Equipment
(Industrial Broadcasting & Communication Equipment)
This product meets requirements for industrial (Class A) electromagnetic wave equipment and the seller or
user should take notice of it. This equipment is intended for use in business environments and is not to be
used in homes.
Warm up Period 30 min.
Material Stainless steel (housing)
Weight 500 g (18 oz)
Altitude operating: 2 000 m (6562 ft)
storage: 12 000 m (40 000 ft)
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Technical Data
Dimensions
23
2
2.5 Dimensions
2.5.1 Model 2-Wire / 6-Wire
Figure 2-1: Dimensions for the 2-Wire and 6-Wire Model
2.5.2 Model 12-Wire
Figure 2-2: Dimensions for the 12-Wire Model
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2.6 Scope of Delivery
The scope of delivery includes the following:
• Sensor
• Mounting nut
• Fixed bracket
• USB cable (only for the setup of the instrument)
• Operator's manual (as pdf file on data carrier)
• Quick Start Guide (printed)
• PC Software (on data carrier)
Note
For metrological reasons, the P7 sensor is delivered with a protective window. Please note that the P7 sensor
has been calibrated with that specific protective window. To comply with the metrological specifications, the
protective window must not be removed.
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Basics
Measurement of Infrared Temperature
25
3
3 Basics
3.1 Measurement of Infrared Temperature
All surfaces emit infrared radiation. The intensity of this infrared radiation changes according to the temperature of
the object. Depending on the material and surface properties, the emitted radiation lies in a wavelength spectrum
of approximately 1 to 20 µm. The intensity of the infrared radiation (heat radiation) is dependent on the material.
For many substances, this material-dependent constant is known. This constant is referred to as the emissivity
value.
Infrared thermometers are optical-electronic sensors. These sensors are sensitive to the emitted radiation. Infrared
thermometers are made up of a lens, a spectral filter, a sensor, and an electronic signal processing unit. The task
of the spectral filter is to select the wavelength spectrum of interest. The sensor converts the infrared radiation into
an electrical signal. The signal processing electronics analyze the electrical signal and convert it into a temperature
measurement. As the intensity of the emitted infrared radiation is dependent on the material, the required emissivity
can be selected on the sensor.
The biggest advantage of the infrared thermometer is its ability to measure temperature without touching an object.
Consequently, surface temperatures of moving or hard to reach objects can easily be measured.
3.2 Emissivity of Target Object
To determine the emissivity of the target object, see section 11.3 Typical Emissivity Values, page 96. If emissivity
is low, measured results could be falsified by interfering infrared radiation from background objects (such as
heating systems, flames, fireclay bricks, etc. located close beside or behind the target object). This type of problem
can occur when measuring reflective surfaces and very thin materials, such as plastic film and glass.
This measurement error can be reduced to a minimum, if particular care is taken during installation and the sensing
head is shielded from these reflecting radiation sources.
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4 Environment
4.1 Ambient Temperature
The sensor is suited for a maximal operating temperature, see section 2.4 Environmental Specifications, page 22.
The operating temperature can be extended by using the air/water-cooled housing accessory, see section
8.2.10 Air/Water-Cooled Housing, page 71.
4.2 Atmospheric Quality
If the lens gets dirty, infrared energy will be blocked and the sensor will not measure accurately. It is good practice
to always keep the lens clean. The air purge collar accessory helps keep contaminants from building up on the
lens, see section 8.2.9 Air Purge , page 70. If you use air purging, make sure a filtered air supply with clean, dry
air at the correct air pressure is installed before proceeding with the sensor installation.
4.3 Electrical Interference
To minimize electrical or electromagnetic interference or noise, please be aware of the following:
• Mount the instrument as far away as possible from potential sources of electrical interference, such as
motorized equipment, which can produce large step load changes.
• Use shielded wire for all input and output connections.
• For additional protection, use conduit for the external connections. Solid conduit is better than flexible
conduit in high-noise environments.
• Do not run AC power in the same conduit as the sensor signal wiring.
• To avoid ground loops, make sure that only ONE POINT is earth grounded, either at the instrument or at
the power supply.
Figure 4-1: One Earth Ground at the Sensor (left) or at the Power Supply (right)
Note
The metal housing of the sensor is electrically connected to the shield of the sensor’s cable.
Note
All inputs and outputs are electrically NOT connected to the power supply
(except the alarm output for the 2-wire model).
Sensor
Power
Cable
Shield
Sensor
Power
Cable
Shield
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Environment
Electrical Interference
27
4
Figure 4-2: Principle of the Galvanic Isolation for the 6-Wire Model
Figure 4-3: Principle of the Galvanic Isolation for the 12-Wire Model
+ VDC
Isolation
GND
RS485-A
RS485-B
+ Analog Out
AGND
Isolation
Shield
Housing
+ VDC (M)
Isolation
GND (L)
Trigger (F)
RS485-A (A)
RS485-B (B)
Relay (G)
Relay (H)
+ Analog Out (J)
AGND (K)
FTC1 (C)
FTC2 (D)
Isolation
Isolation
Shield (E)
Housing
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5 Installation
Risk of Personal Injury
When this instrument is being used in a critical process that could cause property damage and
personal injury, the user should provide a redundant device or system that will initiate a safe
process shutdown in the event that this instrument should fail.
5.1 Positioning
Sensor location depends on the application. Before deciding on a location, you need to be aware of the ambient
temperature of the location, the atmospheric quality of the location, and the possible electromagnetic interference
in that location. If you plan to use air purging, you need to have an air connection available. Wiring and conduit
runs must be considered, including computer wiring and connections, if used.
5.2 Distance to Object
The desired spot size on the target will determine the maximum measurement distance. To avoid erroneous
readings, the target spot size must completely fill the entire field of view of the sensor. Consequently, the sensor
must be positioned so the field of view is the same as or smaller than the desired target size. For a list indicating
the available optics, see section 2.2 Optical Specifications, page 20.
Figure 5-1: Proper Sensor Placement
Back-
ground
Target greater
than spot size
Target equal
to spot size
Target smaller
than spot size
best
critical
incorrect
Sensor
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Viewing Angles
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5
5.3 Viewing Angles
The sensor head can be placed at any angle from the target less than 45°.
Figure 5-2: Acceptable Sensor Viewing Angles
5.4 Model 2-Wire
The 2-wire model provides a standard two-wire current loop output and USB communications.
5.4.1 Back Panel
The rear panel supports a 3-pin terminal for connecting the alarm output (AL) and the 4 to 20 mA current loop.
The polarity is indicated on the panel.
Figure 5-3: Rear Panel for 2-Wire Sensor
Above the terminal there are two rotary switches (EMS) for emissivity setting. Emissivity is changeable in tens (left
switch) and hundreds (right switch). The preset for the rotary switches at the factory default is 0.00, which is
Best
perpendicular
to target
Good
up to 45° to target
Bad
45° to 90° to target
Acceptable
Angles
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equivalent to an emissivity value of 1.00. The appendix lists typical emissivity values for common materials, see
section 11.3 Typical Emissivity Values, page 96.
Table 5-1: Terminal Connections
Designation
Description
AL
alarm output
positive signal (4 to 20 mA)
and positive power supply
Θ
negative signal (4 to 20 mA)
and ground
5.4.2 Cable Connection
The sensor cable must be provided by the user.
Note
The cable must include shielded wires. The screwed cable gland described below is not a strain relief!
Consequently, the cable must be clamped accordingly during the installation. The outside diameter of the
connecting cables (round cable) should lie between 4 to 6.5 mm (0.16 to 0.26 in, AWG 6 to AWG 4). Note
that it might be necessary to additionally seal the cable entry to allow IP65 with smaller cables!
To connect the cable to the sensor you should proceed with the following example for the 2-wire model:
Step 1
Unscrew the end-cap until it can be pulled away from the
sensor body.
Step 2
Open the PG threaded cable gland.
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5
Step 3
The cable gland consists of a PG nut (1), a relief bushing (2)
and a metal cone ring (3).
Step 4
Put the following on the cable: the PG nut (1) and the relief
bushing (2).
Step 5
Prepare the cable. Remove about 6 cm (2.36 in) of the
insulation.
Shorten the shield to about 1 cm (0.4 in).
Tin-coat the connecting leads if not done yet.
Step 6
Feed the prepared cable with the metal cone ring.
(1) (2) (3)
(1) (2)
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Step 7
Make sure to have a proper contact between the braided
shield and the metal cone ring.
Step 8
Place the PG screwed cable gland back into the outer cap.
Tighten the PG nut firmly.
Step 9
Connect the wires to terminal connector.
Step 10
Plug the terminal connector in the unit.
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5
Step 11
Screw the end-cap firmly onto the sensor until it is tight. Keep
the cable don’t revolve with the end-cap.
Important: Neither the end-cap nor the cable gland should
have any play after tightening.
5.4.3 mA Single Loop
The 2-wire model of the Thermalert 4.0 Series is an infrared thermometer with a built-in two-wire transmitter. Power
it up with an appropriate direct current source and you get a 4 to 20 mA current. The current varies with target
temperature over the full temperature span of the instrument. For example, an instrument with a temperature span
of 500 to 1500”C will have a 4 mA output when viewing a 500°C target. The output increases to 20 mA when
viewing a 1500”C target. The output is a linear 16 mA span, from 4 to 20 mA.
You can use this current to operate a 4 to 20 mA indicator, recorder, controller or data logger – or a combination
of devices in the series. The following figure illustrates a simple system consisting of the infrared sensor, a digital
meter and a power supply. These components form a continuous current loop.
Figure 5-4: Principle Circuit Diagram: Infrared Sensor with Multiple Loads
The infrared sensor operates at any supply voltage between 12 and 24 V direct current. For indicators, recorders,
and other load elements, pay strict attention to the load resistance and, of course, the zero scale and full scale
currents. Part of the power supply voltage is dropped across the load and is not available for the infrared sensor.
In the following figure, a controller and an indicator are connected in a series in the loop. The 4-20 mA current
determined by the infrared sensor flows through these load elements, producing voltage drops proportional to the
resistance of each load element. The total load voltage is the sum of these voltage drops plus the drop across the
connecting wires.
Loop
Current
Controller
Indicator
Infrared Sensor
Power Supply
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Figure 5-5: Equivalent Circuit Diagram: Infrared Sensor with Multiple Loads
Assume the resistances are as follows:
This adds up a total load resistance of:
With a total load voltage at 20 mA maximum current:
With 2 V dropped across the load elements and cables, a supply voltage of at least 14 V is needed to ensure the
required 12 V minimum for the infrared sensor:
Use the following table as a guide in selecting your power supply. Be sure to total up all load resistance in your
loop and add cable resistance if it will have a noticeable effect on loop resistance.
Table 5-2: Power Supply Requirements for Multiple Loads
Total Load
Resistance
R
Load
Minimum Power
Supply Voltage
at 20 mA
min. U
Supply
Maximum Power
Supply Voltage
at 4 mA
max. U
Supply
50 Ω
13 V
26 V
100 Ω
14 V
26 V
200 Ω
16 V
26 V
300 Ω
18 V
26 V
400 Ω
20 V
26 V
500 Ω
22 V
26 V
600 Ω
24 V
26 V
700 Ω
26 V
26 V
Note
Connecting the USB cable when the power supply voltage is applied can cause a short-term fault at the mA
output.
R
Controller
Infrared Sensor
U
Sensor
min. 12 V
max. 24 V
R
Indicator
U
Supply
+
I
Loop
R
Wires
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5
5.4.4 mA Multiple Loops
The following figure is an example of a multiple loop system. Two loops are operated from a single power supply.
An arrangement of this type is suitable for measuring temperatures at two or more stations with an independent
readout for each station. The advantage is the economy of a single power supply for all loops.
An important consideration in this system is the current capacity of the power supply. For example, if both loops
are measuring full-scale temperature, the total supply current is calculated as follows:
Figure 5-6: Principle Circuit Diagram: Infrared Sensor with Multiple Loads
5.4.5 Alarm Output AL
The maximum current carrying capacity for the alarm output is 150 mA. Use the circuit diagram below. The alarm
output AL of the instrument is not electrically isolated from the power supply.
Figure 5-7: Exemplary Wiring the Alarm Output AL for the 2-Wire Sensor
Controllers
Indicators
Infrared Sensors
Power Supply
I
Loop1
I
Loop2
I
Loop
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5.5 Model 6-Wire
5.5.1 Back Panel
The rear panel supports a 6-pin terminal for connecting the power supply, the analog output (AO) and RS485
communications (485). The polarity is indicated on the panel.
Figure 5-8: Rear Panel for 6-Wire Sensor
5.5.2 Cable Connection
The sensor cable must be provided by the user.
Note
The cable must include shielded wires. The screwed cable gland described below is not a strain relief!
Consequently, the cable must be clamped accordingly during the installation. The outside diameter of the
connecting cables (round cable) should lie between 6.5 to 9.5 mm (0.26 to 0.37 in, AWG 2 to AWG 1/0).
Note that it might be necessary to additionally seal the cable entry to allow IP65 with smaller cables!
5.5.3 Terminal Strip
Table 5-3: Pin Assignment for Terminal Strip
Pin
Description
485B
RS485-B negative signal
485A
RS485-A positive signal
AO+
+ Analog Out (positive)
AO-
AGND (analog ground)
GND
GND (digital ground)
+24V
+ VDC power supply
5.5.4 Analog Out
The 6-wire model of the Thermalert 4.0 Series is an infrared thermometer with a built-in analog output to drive
analog devices. The output can be configured to output mA, V, or TC by means of software or a dedicated ASCII
command. The output is short circuit resistant.
5.5.4.1 mA Output
The Analog Out can be set to 0-20 mA or 4-20 mA output current range. Direct connection to a recording device
(e.g., chart recorder, PLC, or controller) is possible. The total analog output circuit impedance is limited to 500 Ω.
For the principle wiring, use the installation scheme below.
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Figure 5-9: Wiring Analog Out as Current Output
A specific feature for the testing or calibrating of connected equipment allows the current loop output to bet set to
specific values, under range or over range using a dedicated ASCII command. Via such functionality, you can force
the instrument, operating in the 4-20 mA mode, to transmit an output current less than 4 mA (e.g. 3.5 mA) or above
20 mA (e.g. 21.0 mA).
5.5.4.2 V Output
The Analog Out configured as voltage output covers a range between 0 to 10 V. The minimum load impedance for
the voltage output must be 10 kΩ.
Figure 5-10: Wiring Analog Out as Voltage Output
5.5.4.3 TC Output
The output can be configured as thermocouple output type J or K. For a TC output, you must install a dedicated
compensation cable. The output impedance is 50 Ω.
5.5.5 RS485 Communication
For detailed information on the RS485 communication see section 6 RS485, page 43.
5.6 Model 12-Wire
5.6.1 Back Panel
Figure 5-11: DIN Connector Pin Layout (pin side)
A
+
VDC
V
+
VDC
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Table 5-4: Pin Assignment for DIN Connector
Pin
Description
A
RS485-A
B
RS485-B
C
FTC1 (emissivity setting)
D
FTC2 (background temperature compensation)
E
Shield
F
Trigger– with GND
G
Relay contact (alarm)
H
Relay contact (alarm)
J
+ Analog out (positive)
K
AGND (analog ground)
L
GND (digital ground)
M
+ VDC power supply
5.6.2 RS485 Communication
For detailed information on the RS485 communication, see section 6 RS485, page 43.
5.6.3 FTC1 – Emissivity Setting
The FTC1 input can be configured to accept an analog voltage signal (0 to 10 VDC) to provide real time emissivity
setting. The following table shows the relationship between input voltage and emissivity:
Table 5-5: Ratio between Analog Input Voltage and Emissivity
U in V
0.0 1 … 9 10.0
Emissivity
0.1
0.2 … 1.0
1.1
Example:
This process requires setting the emissivity:
• for product 1: 0.90
• for product 2: 0.40
Following the example below, the operator needs only to switch to position “product 1” or “product 2”.
Figure 5-12: Adjustment of Emissivity at FTC1 Input (Example)
5.6.4 FTC2 – Background Temperature Compensation
The sensor can improve the accuracy of target temperature measurements by considering the ambient or
background temperature. This feature is useful when the target emissivity is below 1.0 and the background
“product 1”
“product 2”
8 V (ε = 0.9)
3 V (ε = 0.4)
FTC1 (C)
R1 = 200 Ω
R2 = 500 Ω
R3 = 300 Ω
+ 10 VDC
AGND (K)
Sensor
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5
temperature is significantly hotter than the target temperature. For instance, the higher temperature of a furnace
wall could lead to hotter temperatures being measured, especially for low emissivity targets.
Background temperature compensation allows for the impact of reflected radiation in accordance with the reflective
behavior of the target. Due to the surface structure of the target, some amount of ambient radiation will be reflected
and therefore, added to the thermal radiation collected by the sensor. The ambient background temperature
compensation adjusts the result by subtracting the amount of ambient radiation measured from the sum of thermal
radiation the sensor is exposed to.
Note
The ambient background temperature compensation should always be activated in case of low-emissivity
targets measured in hot environments or when heat sources are near the target!
Three possibilities for ambient background temperature compensation are available:
• The internal sensing head temperature is utilized for compensation if the background temperature is
more or less represented by the internal sensing head temperature. This is the default setting.
• If the background temperature is known and constant, the user may give the known background
temperature as a constant temperature value.
• Background temperature compensation from a second temperature sensor (infrared or contact
temperature sensor) ensures extremely accurate results. For example, a second infrared sensor,
configured to provide a 0 to 10 Volt output scaled for the same temperature range as the first sensor can
be connected to input FTC2 to provide real-time background temperature compensation.
Figure 5-13: Principle of Background Temperature Compensation
Sensor 2
targeted
to background
Sensor 1
targeted
to object
Thermal radiation of background
Thermal radiation of target
0 – 10 VDC
analog output
at FTC2 input
Furnace wall
Target object
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Figure 5-14: Adjustment of Background Temperature Compensation at FTC2 Input (Example)
5.6.5 Trigger Input
The trigger input can be used either as Reset or Hold, or as Laser switch. The trigger function is activated by
shorting the external input to digital ground (pin GND). The shorting can be done with an external switch, relay,
transistor, or TTL gate. The trigger function is set by means of the ASCII command XN.
Figure 5-15: Wiring the Trigger Input
5.6.5.1 Reset
A logical low signal at the trigger input will reset the peak or valley hold function. As long as the input is kept at
logical low level, the software will transfer the actual object temperatures toward the output. At the next logical high
level, the hold function will be restarted.
Figure 5-16: Resetting the Peak Hold Function
5.6.5.2 Hold
This mode acts as an externally generated hold function. A transition at the trigger input from logical high level
toward logical low level will transfer the current temperature toward the output. This temperature will be written to
the output until a new transition from high to low occurs at the trigger input.
FTC2 (D)
AGND (K)
Sensor
0 to 10 VDC
Trigger (F)
GND (L)
Sensor
Object temperature
Output temperature
Trigger
Temp.
Time
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Figure 5-17: Holding the Output Temperature
5.6.5.3 Laser
This mode acts as external triggered laser switch. A transition at the trigger input from logical high level toward
logical low level will turn on or off the laser.
5.6.6 Relay Output
The relay output is used as an alarm for failsafe conditions or as a setpoint relay. The relay output can be used to
indicate an alarm state or to control external actions. The relay functionality can either be set to:
• NO (normally open), NC (normally close)
• PO (permanently open), PC (permanently close)
by the appropriate ASCII command. The relay PO and PC state can be used to detect wiring problems between
the sensor and the process environment.
The alarm output can be controlled by the target object temperature or the internal case temperature of the sensor.
In case of an alarm, the output switches the potential free contacts from a solid-state relay. The maximum load for
this output is 48 V / 300 mA.
If a spike voltage exceeding the absolute maximum rated value is generated between the output terminals, insert
a clamping diode in parallel to the inductive load as shown in the following circuit diagram to limit the spike voltage.
Figure 5-18: Spike Voltage Limitation for the Alarm Relay
5.6.7 Analog Out
The 12-wire model of the Thermalert 4.0 Series is an infrared thermometer with a built-in analog output to drive
analog devices. The output can be configured to output mA or V by means of software or a dedicated ASCII
command. The output is short circuit resistant.
5.6.7.1 mA Output
The Analog Out can be set to 0-20 mA or 4-20 mA output current range. Direct connection to a recording device
(e.g., chart recorder, PLC, or controller) is possible. The total analog output circuit impedance is limited to 500 Ω.
For the principle wiring, use the installation scheme below.
Object temperature
Output temperature
Trigger
Temp.
Time
Relay (G)
≤ 48 V
Process
Sensor
Relay (H)
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Figure 5-19: Wiring Analog Out as Current Output
A specific feature for the testing or calibrating of connected equipment allows the current loop output to be set to
specific values, under range or over range using a dedicated ASCII command. Via such functionality, you can force
the instrument, operating in the 4-20 mA mode, to transmit an output current less than 4 mA (e.g., 3.5 mA) or
above 20 mA (e.g., 21.0 mA).
5.6.7.2 V Output
The Analog Out configured as voltage output covers a range between 0 to 10 V. The minimum load impedance for
the voltage output must be 10 kΩ.
Figure 5-20: Wiring Analog Out as Voltage Output
A
VDC
+
+ AO (J)
AGND (K)
GND (L)
+VDC (M)
Sensor
V
VDC
+
+ AO (J)
AGND (K)
GND (L)
+VDC (M)
Sensor
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RS485
Specification
43
6
6 RS485
The RS485 serial interface is used for networked sensors or for long distances up to 1200 m (4000 ft). This allows
ample distance from the harsh environment where the sensing system is mounted to a control room or pulpit where
the computer is located.
To connect the RS485 interface to a standard computer you should use a dedicated converter, see section
8.1.7 USB/RS485 Converter, page 59. The RS485 interface allows communication either via the standard
Software or directly via dedicated ASCII commands, see section 10 Programming Guide, page 78.
6.1 Specification
Technical Data for Thermalert 4.0 Sensor:
Physical layer: RS485, 2-wire, half-duplex, electrically isolated
Baud rate: 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200 Bit/s
Settings: 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, no parity, no flow control
Address range: 1 to 32
0 for stand-alone unit or broadcast transmission
6.2 Installation
Note
A simultaneous communication via USB and fieldbus (e.g., RS485) is not allowed!
Note
Each slave in the network must have a unique nonzero address and must run at the same baud rate!
The recommended way to add more instruments into a network is connecting each instrument in series to the next
in a linear topology (daisy chain). Use only one power supply for all instruments in the network to avoid ground
loops!
Note
It is strongly recommended to use shielded and pair twisted cables (e.g. CAT.5)!!
Figure 6-1: Network in Linear Topology (daisy chain)
For implementing the termination, you must activate the sensor internal shunt resistor (120 Ω) for the physically
last unit in the network. For doing so, use the accompanying software or the <TR> command via the serial
communication (TR1 for termination “on”, TR0 for termination “off”).
Master
Slave 1
Last
Slave
Slave 2
Termination <on>
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6.3 Wiring
6.3.1 Model 6-Wire
Figure 6-2: Wiring RS485 Communication for 6-Wire Model
6.3.2 Model 12-Wire
Figure 6-3: Wiring RS485 Communication for 12-Wire Model
6.3.3 Computer Interfacing
The USB/RS485 Interface Converter (A-CONV-USB485) allows you to connect your sensor to computers by using
a USB interface.
With auto configuration, the converter can automatically configure RS485 signals without external switch setting.
The converter is equipped with 3000 VDC of isolation and internal surge-protection to protect the host computer
and the converter against high voltage spikes, as well as ground potential difference. When the converter is
connected, the computer gets one virtual COM port.
Note
In serial RS485 communication, the Thermalert 4.0 sensors support the 2-wire / half duplex mode only!
+
VDC
negative signal RS485-B (or B, or D-, or TX-)
positive signal RS485-A (or A, or D+, or TX+)
negative signal RS485-B (or B, or D-, TX-)
positive signal RS485-A (or A, or D+, or TX+)
VDC
+
RS485-B (B)
RS485-A (A)
GND (L)
+VDC (M)
Sensor
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RS485
Wiring
45
6
Figure 6-4: Wiring the Sensor’s RS485 Interface with USB/RS485 Converter in 2-Wire Mode
6.3.4 Multiple Sensors
For an installation of two or more Thermalert 4.0 sensors in a RS485 network (2-wire, half duplex), each sensor
needs its specific RS485 network address (1 - 32). Once all the units are addressed, wire up the units in the 2-wire
multidrop manner, whereas all A and B signals must be connected to common lines. The common A signals must
be routed to the TX+ and the common B signals to TX- terminal at the USB/RS485 converter given below.
Addressing
If you are installing two or more sensors in a multi-drop configuration, please be aware of the following:
• Each sensor must have a unique address greater zero (1 - 32).
• Each sensor must be set to the same baud rate (default is 9.6 kBaud).
• Once all the units are addressed, wire up the units in the 2-wire multidrop manner, keeping all A & B to
be common.
• Now you can run the supplied software, as well as written communication software or an individual
terminal program to access the sensor for issuing commands and receive the responses.
Figure 6-5: Wiring the Multiple Sensors via RS485 Interface with USB/RS485 Converter in 2-Wire Mode
USB/RS485 Converter
Sensor
A of 3rd sensor
B of 3rd sensor
A of 2nd sensor
B of 2nd sensor
To the 1st sensor
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7 Operation
7.1 Laser
The laser sighting allows fast and precise aiming at small, rapidly moving targets, or targets passing at irregular
intervals. The laser is specially aligned with the sensor’s lens to provide accurate, non-parallax pinpointing of
targets. The laser comes as a small, bright red spot indicating the center of the area being measured.
Figure 7-1: Laser Indication
The laser is a Class II type laser with an output power less than 1 mW, and an output wavelength of 650 nm.
Note
To preserve laser longevity, the laser automatically turns off after approximately 10 minutes of constant use!
Risk of Personal Injury
Avoid exposure to laser light! Eye damage can result.
Use extreme caution when operating!
Never look direct into the laser beam!
Never point directly at another person!
The laser automatically turns off at an internal case temperature of 50°C (122°F).
The laser is not available for the LT-07, LT-15, and P3 models.
2-wire devices require an additional power supply via USB.
7.2 Post Processing
7.2.1 Averaging
Averaging is used to smooth the output signal. The signal is smoothed depending on the defined time basis. The
output signal tracks the detector signal with significant time delay but noise and short peaks are damped. Use a
longer average time for more accurate damping behavior. The average time is the amount of time the output signal
needs to reach 90% magnitude of an object temperature jump.
Note
The disadvantage of averaging is the time delay of the output signal. If the temperature jumps at the input
(hot object), the output signal reaches only 90% magnitude of the actual object temperature after the defined
average time.
Laser dot indicating
the spot center
Area of measured spot
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Operation
Post Processing
47
7
Figure 7-2: Averaging
A low-level input (GND) at external trigger input will promptly interrupt the averaging and start the calculation again.
For sensors without an external trigger input (2- and 6-wire models) the dedicated ASCII command should be
used.
7.2.2 Peak Hold
The output signal follows the object temperature until a maximum is reached. The output will „hold“ the maximum
value for the selected duration of the hold time. Once the hold time is exceeded, the peak hold function will reset
and the output will resume tracking the object temperature until a new peak is reached. The range for the hold time
is 0.1 to 998.9 s.
Figure 7-3: Peak Hold
A defined hold time of 999 s will put the device into continuous peak detection mode.
A low-level input (GND) at trigger input will promptly interrupt the hold time and will start the maximum detection
again. For sensors without an external trigger input (2- and 6-wire models) the dedicated ASCII command should
be used.
7.2.3 Valley Hold
The output signal follows the object temperature until a minimum is reached. The output will „hold“ the minimum
value for the selected duration of the hold time. Once the hold time is exceeded, the valley hold function will reset
Output temperature
Object temperature
Temperature jump
Average Time
Temp
Time
90% of
temperature
jump
Output temperature
Object temperature
Hold Time
Haltezeit
Temp
Time
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and the output will resume tracking the object temperature until a new valley is reached. The range for the hold
time is 0.1 to 998.9 s
Figure 7-4: Valley Hold
A defined hold time of 999 s will put the device into continuous valley detection mode.
A low-level input (GND) at trigger input will promptly interrupt the hold time and will start the minimum detection
again. For sensors without an external trigger input (2- and 6-wire models), the dedicated ASCII command should
be used.
7.2.4 Advanced Peak Hold
This function searches the sensor signal for a local maximum (peak) and writes this value to the output until a new
local maximum is found. Before the algorithm restarts its search for a local maximum, the object temperature must
drop below a predefined threshold. If the object temperature rises above the held value, which has been written to
the output so far, the output signal follows the object temperature again. If the algorithm detects a local maximum
while the object temperature is currently below the predefined threshold, the output signal jumps to the new
maximum temperature of this local maximum. Once the actual temperature has passed a maximum above a certain
magnitude, a new local maximum is found. This magnitude is called hysteresis.
Figure 7-5: Advanced Peak Hold
The advanced peak hold function is only adjustable by means of the PC Software.
Output temperature
Object temperature
Hold Time
Hold Time
Temp
Time
Output temperature
Object temperature
Hysteresis
Threshold
Temp
Time
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Post Processing
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7
7.2.5 Advanced Valley Hold
This function works like the advanced peak hold function, except that it will search the signal for a local minimum.
7.2.6 Advanced Peak Hold with Averaging
The output signal delivered by the advanced peak hold functions tends to jump up and down. This is due to the
fact that only maximum points of the otherwise homogenous trace will be shown. The user may combine the
functionality of the peak hold function with the averaging function by choosing an average time, thus smoothing
the output signal for convenient tracing.
Figure 7-6: Advanced Peak Hold with Averaging
The advanced peak hold function with averaging is only adjustable by means of the PC Software.
7.2.7 Advanced Valley Hold with Averaging
This function works like the advanced peak hold function with averaging, except it will search the signal for a local
minimum.
Output temperature
Object temperature
Temp
Time
Without averaging
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8 Accessories
8.1 Electrical Accessories
The following electrical accessories are available:
• High Temp Cable 12-Wire (A-CB-HT-M16-W12-xx)
• Low Temp Cable 12-Wire (A-CB-LT-M16-W12-xx)
• Terminal Block (A-T40-TB)
• Terminal Block with Enclosure (A-T40-TB-ENC)
• Power Supply DIN Rail (A-PS-DIN-24V)
• Power Supply with Terminal Box (A-PS-ENC-24V)
• USB/RS485 Converter (A-CONV-USB485)
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8
8.1.1 High Temp Cable 12-Wire (A-CB-HT-M16-W12-xx)
For wiring the 12-wire model for the Thermalert 4.0 sensor, use the 12-wire cable to support power supply, all
inputs, outputs, and the RS485 interface. The cable described below is a shielded 12-conductor cable, made of
two twisted pairs plus 8 separate wires, equipped with a M16 DIN connector on one side and wire sleeves at the
counter side. The high temp cable is Teflon coated and withstands ambient temperatures up to 200°C (392°F).
Teflon coated temperature cables have good to excellent resistance to oxidation, heat, weather, sun, ozone, flame,
water, acid, alkalis, and alcohol, but poor resistance to gasoline, kerosene, and degreaser solvents.
Figure 8-1: High Temp Cable (12-Wire)
Table 8-6: Available Cable Lengths
P/N
Description
A-CBHT-M16W12-04
12-Wire Cable, High Temp (200°C / 392°F), 4 m (13 ft)
A-CBHT-M16W12-08
12-Wire Cable, High Temp (200°C / 392°F), 8 m (26 ft)
A-CBHT-M16W12-15
12-Wire Cable, High Temp (200°C / 392°F), 15 m (49 ft)
A-CBHT-M16W12-30
12-Wire Cable, High Temp (200°C / 392°F), 30 m (98 ft)
A-CBHT-M16W12-60
12-Wire Cable, High Temp (200°C / 392°F), 60 m (197 ft)
Technical data:
Temperature: UL-rated at -80 to 200°C (-112°F to 392°F)
Cable material Teflon
Cable diameter: 7 mm (0.275 in) nominal
Conductors:
Power supply 2 wires (black/red)
Conductor: 0.3 mm² (AWG 22), tinned copper
Isolation: FEP 0.15 mm wall (0.006 in)
Shield: none
RS485 interface 1 twisted pair (red/black)
Conductor: 0.22 mm² (AWG 24), tinned copper
Isolation: FEP 0.15 mm wall (0.006 in)
Shield: Aluminized Mylar with drain wire
FTC1/FTC2 inputs 1 twisted pair (purple/gray)
Conductor: 0.22 mm² (AWG 24), tinned copper
Isolation: FEP 0.15 mm wall (0.006 in)
Shield: Aluminized Mylar with drain wire
Outputs and Ground 6 wires (green/brown/blue/orange/yellow/clear)
Conductor: 0.22 mm² (AWG 24), tinned copper
Isolation: FEP 0.15 mm wall (0.006 in)
Shield: none
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Risk of Personal Injury
Teflon develops poisonous gasses when it is exposed to flames!
Note
An ordered cable does not include a terminal block!
Note
If you cut the cable to shorten it, notice that both sets of twisted-pair wires have drain wires inside their
insulation. These drain wires (and the white wire that is not part of the twisted pair) must be connected to the
terminal labeled CLEAR.
Note
If you purchase your own cable, use wire with the same specifications as herein mentioned. Maximum
RS485 cable length is 1.200 m (4000 ft). Power supply feed in distance to the Thermalert 4.0 sensor should
not extend the 60 m (200 ft) limit.
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8
8.1.2 Low Temp Cable 12-Wire (A-CB-LT-M16-W12-xx)
For wiring the 12-wire model for the Thermalert 4.0 sensor, use the 12-wire cable to support power supply, all
inputs, outputs, and the RS485 interface. The cable described below is a shielded 12-conductor cable, made of
two twisted pairs plus 8 separate wires, equipped with a M16 DIN connector on one side and wire sleeves at the
counter side. The cable is PUR (Polyurethane) coated and withstands ambient temperatures up to 105°C (221°F).
PUR coated cables are flexible and have good to excellent resistance to against oil, bases, and acids.
Figure 8-2: Low Temp Cable (12-Wire)
Table 8-7: Available Cable Lengths
P/N
Description
A-CBLT-M16W12-04
12-Wire Cable, Low Temp (105°C / 221°F), 4 m (13 ft)
A-CBLT-M16W12-08
12-Wire Cable, Low Temp (105°C / 221°F), 8 m (26 ft)
A-CBLT-M16W12-15
12-Wire Cable, Low Temp (105°C / 221°F), 15 m (49 ft)
A-CBLT-M16W12-30
12-Wire Cable, Low Temp (105°C / 221°F), 30 m (98 ft)
A-CBLT-M16W12-60
12-Wire Cable, Low Temp (105°C / 221°F), 60 m (197 ft)
Technical data:
Temperature: -40 to 105°C (-40 to 221°F)
Cable material PUR- 11Y (Polyurethane), Halogen free, Silicone free
Cable diameter: 7.2 mm (0.283 in) nominal
Conductors:
Power supply 2 wires (black/red)
Conductor: 0.2 mm² (AWG 24), tinned copper
Isolation: PE- 2YI1
Shield: none
RS485 interface 1 twisted pair (red/black)
Conductor: 0.2 mm² (AWG 24), tinned copper
Isolation: PE- 2YI1
Shield: CDV-15, 85% covered
FTC1/FTC2 inputs 1 twisted pair (purple/gray)
Conductor: 0.2 mm² (AWG 24), tinned copper
Isolation: PE- 2YI1
Shield: CDV-15, 85% covered
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Outputs and Ground 6 wires (green/brown/blue/orange/yellow/clear)
Conductor: 0.2 mm² (AWG 24), tinned copper
Isolation: PE- 2YI1
Shield: none
Risk of Personal Injury
Polyurethane (Isocyanate) may cause allergy and possibly cancer!
Note
An ordered cable does not include a terminal block!
Note
If you cut the cable to shorten it, notice that both sets of twisted-pair wires have drain wires inside their
insulation. These drain wires (and the white wire that is not part of the twisted pair) must be connected to the
terminal labeled CLEAR.
Note
If you purchase your own cable, use wire with the same specifications as herein mentioned. Maximum
RS485 cable length is 1.200 m (4000 ft). Power supply feed in distance to the Thermalert 4.0 sensor should
not extend the 60 m (200 ft) limit.
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8
8.1.3 Terminal Block (A-T40-TB)
The terminal block accessory is for the connection of the Thermalert 4.0 sensor to the customer’s industrial
environment. It lists all different conductor colors on one side and the related signal names on the other side.
Figure 8-3: Terminal Block with Wire Color Assignment
to the Sensor
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8.1.4 Terminal Block with Enclosure (A-T40-TB-ENC)
The terminal block accessory in an enclosure is for the connection of the Thermalert 4.0 sensor to the customer’s
industrial environment. The enclosure is IP67 (NEMA 4) protected, and the terminal block inside is identical to part
A-T40-TB.
Figure 8-4: Terminal Block in an Enclosure
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8.1.5 Power Supply DIN Rail (A-PS-DIN-24V)
The DIN-rail mount industrial power supply delivers isolated dc power and provides short circuit and overload
protection.
Risk of Personal Injury
To prevent electrical shocks, the power supply must be used in protected environments
(cabinets)!
Technical data:
Protection class prepared for class II equipment
Environmental protection IP20
Operating temperature range -25°C to 55°C (-13°F to 131°F)
AC Input 100 – 240 VAC 44/66 Hz
DC Output 24 VDC / 1.3 A
Cross sections input/output
0.08 to 2.5 mm² (AWG 28 to 12)
Figure 8-5: Industrial Power Supply
6
6
Copyright Wago®
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8.1.6 Power Supply with Terminal Box (A-PS-ENC-24V)
The terminal box for the power supply is designed to provide IP65 (NEMA-4) protection to the terminal block, see
section 8.1.3 Terminal Block, page 55, and a power supply for the sensor. The terminal box should be surface
mounted using the flanges and holes provided. It should be mounted in such a manner to allow the free flow of air
around the unit. Ambient temperatures for the terminal box should be kept within the range of 0 to 50°C (32 to
120°F), and humidity between 20 to 90%, non-condensing.
Technical data for the power supply:
AC input 100 – 240 VAC 50/60 Hz
DC output 24 VDC / 1.1 A
Figure 8-6: Power Supply with Terminal Box
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8
8.1.7 USB/RS485 Converter (A-CONV-USB485)
The USB/RS485 converter allows you to connect your Thermalert 4.0 sensor to computers by using an USB
interface.
Technical Data
Power supply 5 VDC direct from USB port
Speed max. 256 kBit/s
RS485 4 wire (full duplex) and 2-wire (half duplex)
(Thermalert 4.0 sensor supports 2-wire only)
Terminal screwed accepts 0.05 to 3 mm² (AWG 13 to AWG 30)
USB connector type B (supplied with type A to type B cable)
Ambient Temperature 0 to 60°C (32 to 140°F), 10-90% relative humidity, non-condensing
Storage Temperature -20 to 70°C (-4 to 158°F), 10-90% relative humidity, non-condensing
Dimensions (L x W x H) 151 x 75 x 26 mm (5.9 x 2.9 x 1 in)
Figure 8-7: USB/RS485 Converter
For more information, see section 6.3.3 Computer Interfacing, page 44.
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8.2 Mechanical Accessories
The following mechanical accessories are available:
• Mounting Nut (A-MN)
• Fixed Bracket (A-BR-F)
• Adjustable Bracket (A-BR-A)
• Swivel Bracket (A-BR-S)
• Sighting Tube (A-ST-xx)
• Pipe Adapter (A-PA)
• Protective Windows (A-T40-PW-xx)
• Right Angle Mirror (A-MIR-RA)
• Air Purge (A-AP)
• Air/Water-Cooled Housing (A-T40-WC)
• Thread Adapter
• Mounting Flange
Figure 8-8: Overview to Mechanical Accessories
Sensor
Mounting Nut
(A-MN)
Air Purge
(A-AP)
Right Angle Mirror
(A-MIR-RA)
Sighting Tube
(A-ST-xx)
Pipe Adapter
(A-PA)
Adjustable Pipe Adapter
(A-APA)
Pipe Adapter
(A-PA)
Pipe Adapter
(A-PA)
Fixed Bracket
(A-BR-F)
Adjustable Bracket
(A-BR-A)
ThermoJacket
Cooled Housing
Protective Window
(A-T40-PW-xx)
Air/Water-Cooled Housing
(A-T40-WC)
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8
8.2.1 Mounting Nut (A-MN)
See below for the standard mounting nut with an inner thread of 1.5” UNC to fix and secure the Thermalert 4.0
sensor to any kind of mounting brackets.
Figure 8-9: Mounting Nut
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8.2.2 Fixed Bracket (A-BR-F)
The fixed bracket enables the Thermalert 4.0 sensor to be mounted in a fixed location. For a correct horizontal
sensor orientation, a swivel range within 45° is available.
Figure 8-10: Fixed Bracket
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8
8.2.3 Adjustable Bracket (A-BR-A)
The adjustable bracket enables the Thermalert 4.0 sensor to be mounted in a movable location. For a correct
sensor orientation, you can pitch and swivel the sensor sighting axis in a range of about 45° per axis.
Figure 8-11: Adjustable Bracket
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8.2.4 Swivel Bracket (A-BR-S)
The swivel bracket enables the Thermalert 4.0 sensor to be mounted in a movable position, to correct in an easy
way the pitch and yaw orientation of the sensor. For a correct sensor orientation, you are able to pitch (0° – 90°)
and to swivel (0° - 360°) the sensor-sighting axis. The base has a single control knob and a split-ball lock, to hold
the specific head mount firmly in place.
Technical Data:
Circle diameter for three countersunk bolts: 109.5 mm (4.3 in)
Countersunk bolts: 6.3 mm (1/4") flat-head screws (not included)
Height (without instrument): 120 mm (4.7 in)
Weight (without instrument): 1.07 kg (2.4 lb)
Figure 8-12: Swivel Bracket
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8.2.5 Sighting Tube (A-ST-xx)
The sighting tube is used in environmental conditions where reflected energy is a problem. Fix the pipe adapter
(A-PA) directly to the sensor and screw the sighting tube into the pipe adapter.
Figure 8-13: Installation of the Sighting Tube
Figure 8-14: Dimensions for the Sighting Tube
Available sighting tubes:
• Sighting tube made of ceramic (A-ST-CER), resistible up to 1500°C (2732°F)
• Sighting tube made of stainless steel (A-ST-SS), resistible up to 800°C (1472°F)
• Sighting tube made of carbon steel (A-ST-CS-45), resistible up to 800°C (1472°F), with 45° cut and
condensate outlet
Figure 8-15: Available Sighting Tubes
Sighting Tube Ceramic (A-ST-CER)
Sighting Tube Stainless Steel (A-ST-SS)
Sensor
Pipe Adapter
(A-PA)
Sighting Tube
(A-ST-xx)
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Sighting Tube Carbon Steel (A-ST-CS-45)
Note
When using a customer supplied sighting tube, use caution in specifying the inside diameter and length.
Your sensing head determines what diameter/length combinations are possible without impeding the optical
field of view!
For this reason, the Thermalert 4.0 sensors LT-07 and LT-15 cannot be combined with the above sighting
tubes in its standard length of 300 mm (12 in). Shorten the sighting tube if needed to ensure that the
sensor’s spot diameter is half of the inside diameter of the tube (or less) everywhere along the tube length.
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8.2.6 Pipe Adapter (A-PA)
The pipe adapter is used to adapt the sighting tube (A-ST-xx) to the Thermalert 4.0 sensor, see section
8.2.5 Sighting Tube, page 65. The adapter has two inner threads to adapt the outer thread of the instrument (1.5”
UNC) to the outer thread of the sighting tube (1.5” NPT).
Figure 8-16: Pipe Adapter
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8.2.7 Protective Windows (A-T40-PW-xx)
Protective windows can be used to protect the sensor’s optics against dust and other contamination.
Figure 8-17: Protective Window
The following table provides an overview of the available protective windows recommended for the spectral
models. All protective windows have a transmission below 100%.
Table 8-8: Protective Windows
Part number
Designation
Material
For model
Transmissivity
Transmissibility
for Laser
A-T40-PW-LT
none
(stainless steel)
Zinc Sulfide
LT-30-SF0
LT-50-SF0
LT-70-SF2
0.62 ±0.05
yes
LT-07-CF0
LT-15-SF0
LT-30-CF1
LT-30-CF2
LT-50-CF2
LT-70-CF2
0.71 ±0.05
yes
A-T40-PW-PF
none
(stainless steel)
Polyethylene foil
for food applications,
non-poisonous, nonfragile
LT-30-SF0
LT-50-SF0
LT-70-SF2
0.67 ±0.05
no
LT-07CF0
LT-15-SF0
LT-30-CF1
LT-30-CF2
LT-50-CF2
LT-70-CF2
0.75 ±0.05
no
A-T40-PW-MT
4 red dots
Sapphire
MT-30-SF0
MT-70-SF2
0.7 ±0.05
yes
MT-30-CF1
MT-30-CF2
MT-70-CF1
MT-70-CF2
0.77 ±0.05
yes
A-T40-PW-HT
3 red dots
Glass
HT-60
0.89 ±0.05
yes
A-T40-PW-G5G7P7
2 red dots
Calcium Fluoride
G5, G7
0.81 ±0.05
yes
A-T40-PW-P3
5 red dots
Silicon
P3-20
0.45 ±0.0
yes
P7-30
0.36 ±0.05
yes
Note
To avoid erroneous readings, ensure that the transmission for the appropriate protective window must be set
in the sensor via software.
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8.2.8 Right Angle Mirror (A-MIR-RA)
The right angle mirror is to redirect the measured object temperature spot at an angle of 90°. This allows placing
the Thermalert 4.0 sensor closer to the object to measure or in a more protected domain. To keep the inserted
mirror dust and dirt clean, the right angle mirror has an air-purge adapter and needs to be supplied by air.
Figure 8-18: Right Angle Mirror
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8.2.9 Air Purge (A-AP)
The air purge collar is used to keep dust, moisture, airborne particles, and vapors away from the lens. It can be
mounted before or after the bracket. It must be screwed in fully. Air flows into the 1/8” NPT fitting and out the front
aperture. Airflow should be a maximum of 0.5 to 1.5 l/s (0.13 to 0.4 gallons/s). Clean (filtered) or “instrument” air
is recommended to avoid contaminants from settling on the lens. Do not use chilled air below 10°C (50°F).
Figure 8-19: Air Purge Collar
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8.2.10 Air/Water-Cooled Housing (A-T40-WC)
The air/water-cooled housing allows the sensor to be used in ambient temperatures up to 120°C (250°F) with aircooling, and 180°C (356°F) with water-cooling. The cooling media should be connected using 1/8” NPT fittings
requiring 6 mm (0.24 in) inner diameter and 8 mm (0.31 in) outer diameter for the tube. Airflow should be 1.4 to
2.5 l/s (0.37 to 0.66 gallons/s) at an air temperature of 25°C (77°F). Water flow should be approximately 1.0 to
2.0 l/min (0.26 to 0.52 gallons/min) at a water temperature between 10 and 27°C (50 to 80.6°F). Chilled water
below 10°C (50°F) is not recommended.
The Air/Water-Cooled Housing is made from stainless steel.
Note
For ambient temperatures exceeding 175°C (350°F), the ThermoJacket can be used. This accessory allows
operation at ambient temperatures up to 315°C (600°F)!
Figure 8-20: Air/Water-Cooled Housing
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8.2.10.1 Avoidance of Condensation
If environmental conditions make water cooling necessary, it is strictly recommended to check whether
condensation will be a real problem or not. Water-cooling also causes a cooling of the air in the inner part of the
sensor, thereby decreasing the capability of the air to hold water. The relative humidity increases and can reach
100% very quickly. In case of a further cooling, the surplus water vapor will condense out as water. The water will
condense on the lenses and the electronics, resulting in possible damage to the sensor. Condensation can even
happen on an IP65 sealed housing.
Note
There is no warranty repair possible in case of condensation within the housing!
To avoid condensation, the temperature of the cooling media and the flow rate must be selected to ensure a
minimum device temperature. The minimum sensor temperature depends on the ambient temperature and the
relative humidity. Please consider the following table.
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Table 8-9: Minimum device temperatures [°C/°F]
Relative Humidity [%]
Ambient Temperature [°C/°F]
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
5/
41
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
5/
41
10/
50
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
5/
41
5/
41
5/
41
5/
41
5/
41
10/
50
15/
59
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
5/
41
5/
41
5/
41
5/
41
10/
50
10/
50
10/
50
10/
50
10/
50
15/
59
20/
68
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
5/
41
5/
41
5/
41
10/
50
10/
50
10/
50
10/
50
15/
59
15/
59
15/
59
15/
59
15/
59
20/
68
25/
77
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
5/
41
5/
41
10/
50
10/
50
10/
50
10/
50
15/
59
15/
59
15/
59
20/
68
20/
68
20/
68
20/
68
20/
68
25/
77
30/
86
0/
32
0/
32
0/
32
5/
41
5/
41
10/
50
10/
50
15/
59
15/
59
15/
59
20/
68
20/
68
20/
68
20/
68
25/
77
25/
77
25/
77
25/
77
30/
86
35/
95
0/
32
0/
32
5/
41
10/
50
10/
50
15/
59
15/
59
20/
68
20/
68
20/
68
25/
77
25/
77
25/
77
25/
77
30/
86
30/
86
30/
86
30/
86
35/
95
40/
104
0/
32
5/
41
10/
50
10/
50
15/
59
20/
68
20/
68
20/
68
25/
77
25/
77
25/
77
30/
86
30/
86
30/
86
35/
95
35/
95
35/
95
35/
95
40/
104
45/
113
0/
32
10/
50
15/
59
15/
59
20/
68
25/
77
25/
77
25/
77
30/
86
30/
86
35/
95
35/
95
35/
95
35/
95
40/
104
40/
104
40/
104
40/
104
45/
113
50/
122
5/
41
10/
50
15/
59
20/
68
25/
77
25/
77
30/
86
30/
86
35/
95
35/
95
35/
95
40/
104
40/
104
40/
104
45/
113
45/
113
45/
113
45/
113
50/
122
60/
140
15/
59
20/
68
25/
77
30/
86
30/
86
35/
95
40/
104
40/
104
40/
104
45/
113
45/
113
50/
122
50/
122
50/
122
50/
122
50/
122
50/
122
50/
122
60/
140
70/
158
20/
68
25/
77
35/
95
35/
95
40/
104
45/
113
45/
113
50/
122
50/
122
50/
122
50/
122
50/
122
60/
140
60/
140
60/
140
60/
140
60/
140
60/
140
80/
176
25/
77
35/
95
40/
104
45/
113
50/
122
50/
122
50/
122
60/
140
60/
140
60/
140
60/
140
60/
140
90/
194
35/
95
40/
104
50/
122
50/
122
50/
122
60/
140
60/
140
60/
140
100/
212
40/
104
50/
122
50/
122
60/
140
60/
140
Example:
Ambient temperature = 50°C
Relative humidity = 40 %
Minimum device temperature = 30°C
The use of lower temperatures is at your own risk!
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8.2.11 Thread Adapter (A-TA-M56)
The thread adapter is secured to the front of the Thermalert 4.0 sensor. It provides an outer M56 thread to fit to
legacy Marathon MM installations. The thread adapter is also used to hold the mounting flange (A-MF-MOD) for
use in existing Ircon flange mount installations.
Figure 8-21: Thread Adapter
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8.2.12 Mounting Flange (A-MF-MOD)
The mounting flange provides a footprint to allow the Thermalert 4.0 sensor to be mounted into a legacy Ircon
Modline flange mount installations. Please note that this accessory needs to be used in conjunction with the thread
adapter (A-TA-M56) to adapt the outer thread of the Thermalert 4.0 to the inner thread of the flange.
Figure 8-22: Mounting Flange
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9 Maintenance
Our sales representatives and customer service staff are always at your disposal for questions regarding
applications, calibration, repair, and solutions to specific problems. Please contact your local sales representative
if you need assistance. In many cases, problems can be solved over the telephone. If you need to return equipment
for servicing, calibration or repair, please contact our Service Department before shipping. Phone numbers are
listed at the beginning of this document.
9.1 Troubleshooting Minor Problems
Table 9-10: Troubleshooting
Symptom
Probable Cause
Solution
No output
No power to instrument
Check the power supply
Erroneous temperature
Faulty sensor cable
Verify cable continuity
Erroneous temperature
Field of view obstruction
Remove the obstruction
Erroneous temperature
Window lens
Clean the lens
Erroneous temperature
Wrong emissivity
Correct the setting
Temperature fluctuates
Wrong signal processing
Correct Peak/Valley Hold or Average settings
Temperature fluctuates
No ground for the instrument
Check wiring / grounding
9.2 Fail-Safe Operation
The Fail-Safe system is designed to alert the operator and provide a safe output in case of any system failure.
Basically, it is designed to shut down the process in the event of a set-up error, system error, or a failure in the
sensor electronics.
Warning
The Fail-Safe circuit should never be relied on exclusively to protect critical heating processes.
Other safety devices should also be used to supplement this function!
When an error or failure does occur, the output circuits automatically adjust to the lowest or highest preset level.
The following table shows the corresponding values and the error code transmitted over the RS485 interface.
Table 9-11: Error Codes for Analog Output
Symptom
0 to 10 V
0 to 20 mA
4 to 20 mA
Temperature over range*
10 V
21 mA
21 mA
Temperature under range*
0 V
0 mA
approx. 3.5 mA
* related to zoomed temperature range
Table 9-12: Error Codes via Field Bus
Output
Error Code Description
T>>>>>>
Temperature over range
T<<<<<<
Temperature under range
9.3 Cleaning the Lens
Keep the lens at all times. Care should be taken when cleaning the lens. To clean the window, do the following:
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1. Lightly blow off loose particles with “canned” air (used for cleaning computer equipment) or a small
squeeze bellows (used for cleaning camera lenses).
2. Gently brush off any remaining particles with a soft camel hair brush or a soft lens tissue (available from
camera supply stores).
3. Clean remaining “dirt” using a cotton swab or soft lens tissue dampened in distilled water. Do not scratch
the surface.
For fingerprints or other grease, use any of the following:
• Denatured alcohol
• Ethanol
• Kodak lens cleaner
Apply one of the above to the lens. Wipe gently with a soft, clean cloth until you see colors on the surface, then
allow to air dry. Do not wipe the surface dry, as this may scratch the surface.
If silicones (used in hand creams) get on the window, gently wipe the surface with Hexane. Allow to air dry.
Note
Do not use any ammonia or any cleaners containing ammonia to clean the lens. This may result in
permanent damage to the lens’ surface!
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10 Programming Guide
This section explains the sensor’s communication protocol. A protocol is the set of commands that define all
possible communications with the sensor. The commands are described along with their associated ASCII
command characters and related message format information. Use them when writing custom programs for your
applications or when communicating with your sensor with a terminal program.
10.1 Command Structure
After transmitting one command, it is obligatory to wait for the response from the sensor before sending another.
Make sure that a command sent was completely transmitted from the sender before the next command can be
sent.
Note
All commands must be entered in upper case (capital) letters!
10.1.1 Requesting a Parameter (Poll Mode)
?E<CR> “?” is the command for “request”
“E” is the parameter requested
<CR> carriage return (0D
hex
) is closing the request
10.1.2 Setting a Parameter (Poll Mode)
E=0.975<CR> “E” is the parameter to be set
“=” is the command for “set a parameter”
“0.975” is the value for the parameter
<CR> carriage return (0D
hex
) is closing the setting
10.1.3 Sensor Response
!E0.975<CR><LF> “!” is the parameter for “answer”
“E” is the parameter
“0.975” is the value for the parameter
<CR> <LF> (0D
hex
0A
hex
) is closing the answer
For processing the received commands, the device typically needs about 200 ms. For certain commands, this
time can be even longer.
10.1.4 Sensor Notification
With a notification the sensor informs the host, that the sensor or the firmware was reset.
#XI<CR><LF> “#” is the parameter for “Notification”
“XI” is the value for the notification (e.g. “XI” firmware reset)
<CR> <LF> (0D
hex
0A
hex
) is closing the notification
!XL<CR><LF> “!” is the parameter for “Notification”
“XL1” is the value for the notification (e.g. “XL1” laser switched on)
<CR> <LF> (0D
hex
0A
hex
) is closing the notification
10.1.5 Error Messages
An asterisk * will be transmitted back to the host in the event of an “illegal” instruction. An illegal instruction can
be caused by a syntax error with the following response:
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• “*Syntax Error” – a value entered in an incorrect format
10.2 Transfer Modes
There are two possible transfer modes for the serial interface.
Poll Mode: The current value of any individual parameter can be requested by the host. The sensor responds
once with the value at the selected baud rate.
Burst Mode: A pre-defined data string, a so-called “burst string”, will be transferred continuously as long as the
burst mode is activated.
V=P “P” starts the poll mode
V=B “B” starts the burst mode
$=UTIEEC “$” sets the content of the burst string
“U” for temperature unit
“T” for target temperature
“I” for internal case temperature of the sensor
“E” for emissivity value
“EC” for error code
?$ gives the burst string parameters while in poll mode, e.g. “UTIE”
?X$ gives the burst string content while in poll mode, e.g. “UC T0150.3 I0027.1 E0.950”
Return from burst mode to poll mode
V=P „V=P“ to be sent (it could be necessary to send the command more than one times)
10.3 Sensor Information
The sensor information is factory installed as read only values.
Table 10-13: Sensor Information
Command
Description
Answer (example)
?XU
Name of the sensor
“!XUTHLT”
?DS
Additional remark, e.g. for special numbers
“!DSFPI“
?XV
Serial number of the sensor
“!XV2C027“
?XR
Firmware revision number
“!XR2.08“
?XH
Maximum temperature of the sensor
“!XH0600.0“
?XB
Minimum temperature of the sensor
“!XB-020.0“
10.4 Sensor Setup
10.4.1 General Settings
U=C sets the physical unit for the temperature value (C or F). In case of a changed physical unit
all temperature related parameters (e.g., thresholds) are converted automatically.
E=0.950 sets the emissivity according to the setting of “ES” command, see section 10.4.2 Emissivity
Setting, page 80.
A=250 sets the ambient background temperature compensation according to the setting of “AC”
command, see section 10.4.3 Background Temperature Compensation, page 80.
XG=1.000 sets the transmission
?T asks for the target temperature
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?I asks for the internal temperature of the sensor
?Q asks for the energy value of the target temperature
10.4.2 Emissivity Setting
The emissivity setting is selected by means of the “ES” command.
ES=I sets emissivity by a constant number
ES=E sets the emissivity by an analog voltage on the external input FTC1 (12-wire model only).
For more information see section 5.6.3 FTC1 – Emissivity Setting, page 38.
ES=S sets emissivity by a rotary switch (2-wire model only)
?E asks for the current emissivity value
10.4.3 Background Temperature Compensation
In case the background temperature is not represented by the internal sensor case temperature, you must set
the ambient background temperature values as follows:
A=250.0 current background temperature according to the setting of “AC” command
AC=0 no compensation (internal sensor case temperature equal to background temperature)
AC=1 compensation with a constant temperature value set with command “A”
AC=2 compensation with an analog voltage signal at the external input,
0 – 10 VDC corresponds to the temperature range of the sensor.
Resulting temperature is read out by command “A”. For more information see section
5.6.4 FTC2 – Background Temperature Compensation, page 38.
10.4.4 Temperature Hold Functions
The following table lists the various temperature hold functions along with their resets and timing values. Use this
table as a guide for programming your sensor and adjusting the hold times. For further information see section
7.2 Post Processing, page 46.
Table 10-14: Overview to Temperature Hold Functions
Hold Function
RESET by
Peak Time
Valley Time
Threshold
Hystersis
Protocol code
P F C
XY
None
none
000.0
000.0
Peak Hold
timer
000.0-998.9
000.0
000.0
Peak Hold
trigger
Holds infinitely
or until triggered
000.0
000.0
Advanced Peak Hold
trigger or threshold
Holds infinitely
or until triggered
000.0
Temp. range
-100°C to 100°C
(-180°F to 180°F)
Advanced Peak Hold
timer or threshold
000.0-998.9
000.0
Temp. range
-100°C to 100°C
(-180°F to 180°F)
Valley Hold
timer
000.0
000.0-998.9
000.0
Valley Hold
trigger
000.0
Holds infinitely
or until triggered
000.0 Advanced Valley Hold
trigger or threshold
000.0
Holds infinitely
or until triggered
Temp. range
-100°C to 100°C
(-180°F to 180°F)
Advanced Valley Hold
timer or threshold
000.0
000.0-998.9
Temp. range
-100°C to 100°C
(-180°F to 180°F)
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10.5 Sensor Control
10.5.1 Analog Output
The current output corresponds to the target temperature value. Depending on the considered sensor model, the
output can be set to current, voltage, or thermocouple.
XO=4 sets the current output range to 4-20 mA
H=500 sets the temperature for the top analog output value to 500 (in current scale)
e.g., the top current output value of 20 mA shall represent 500°C
L=0 sets the temperature for the bottom analog output value to 0 (in current scale)
e.g., the bottom current output value of 4 mA shall represent 0°C
The minimum temperature span between “H” and “L” command values is 20 K.
For testing purposes the output can be forced to provide a constant value.
O=50 percentage of full output range, example given with 50%
O=255 switches back to the target temperature controlled output
10.5.2 Relay Output
If existing, the relay output can be triggered as follows:
• by target temperature
• by internal sensor temperature
• manually (command controlled)
The alarm output can be set either to N.C. (normally closed: relay contacts are closed while in the home position)
or N.O. (normally open: relay contacts are open while in the home position).
K=0 relay contacts permanently open
K=1 relay contacts permanently closed
K=2 alarm output triggered by target temperature, N.O. normally open
K=3 alarm output triggered by target temperature, N.C. normally closed
K=4 alarm output triggered by internal sensor case temperature, N.O. normally open
K=5 alarm output triggered by internal sensor case temperature, N.C. normally closed
XS=125.3 sets the upper alarm threshold to 125.3 in current scale. The alarm threshold is used for the
target temperature only (see command XS).
10.6 RS485 Communication
The serial RS485 communication is in 2-wire mode.
For setting the baud rate, the following command must be used.
D=0576 sets the baud rate to 57600, baud rate must be given with 4 numbers (0048, 0096, 0192,
0384, 0576, 1152).
10.7 Multidrop Mode
Up to 32 devices can be connected within an RS485 multidrop network, see section 6 RS485, page 43. To direct
a command to one sensor among the 32 possible, it is necessary to “address” a command. Therefore, a 3-digit
number is set prior the command. The 3-digit number is determined between 001 and 032. A unit with the
address 000 is a single unit and not in multidrop mode.
XA=024 sets the device to address 24
Changing an address:
(e.g., the address is to be changed from 17 to 24)
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82
Command Answer
“017?E” “017E0.950” // asking one sensor on address 17
“017XA=024” “017XA024” // setting of a new address
“024?E” “024E0.950” // asking same sensor now on address 24
If a command is transferred, starting with the 3-digit number 000, all units (with addresses from 001 to 032)
connected will get this command - without to send an answer.
Command Answer
“024?E” “024E0.950”
“000E=0.5” will be executed from all sensors, no answer
“024?E” “024E0.500”
“012?E” “012E0.500”
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Command List
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10
10.8 Command List
P ... Poll, B ... Burst, S ... Set, N ... Notification
(1) n = number, X = uppercase letter
Notes:
• USB virtual serial interface settings: 9600 bps Baudrate, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, no parity, no flow control
• RS485 serial interface settings refer to command 'D' on the command list below.
• A sent command should be closed with 0x0D or 0x0D,0x0A; response command is closed with 0x0D,
0x0A.
COMMAND FORMAT
Description
Char
Format
Poll
Burst
Set
Legal values
Send Command Format
Poll parameter
?
?X / ?XX
√
?T
Set parameter
=
X= / XX=
√
E=0.95
Multidrop addressing
001?E
√ √ Response Format
Acknowledge message
!
!E0.95
Error message
*
*Syntax Error
COMMAND LIST
Description
Char
Value Format
Poll
Burst
Set
Legal values
Factory
default
2-W
6-W
12-W
Device PCA(MCU) UID
%UID
XX…XX
√
e.g. abcdef1234567890
√ √
√
Burst mode string format
$
XX…XX
√ √
U T Q E F P G I H L XG
XI XJ CE EC(for all); CK
CS XT (only for 12-wire)
UTICE
√ √
Background temperature
compensation
A
nnnn.n
√ √
Within device
measurement range.
In current unit (°C/°F)
Lower-limit of
temperature
range
√ √ √
Advanced hold - average
time
AA
nnn.n √ √ 0 = no averaging;
0.1 ~ 999.0 secs
000.0 √ √
√
Ambient compensation
control
AC n √ √
0 = no compensations;
1 = with compensation
by command "A";
2 = external input (for
12-wire)
0 √ √
√
Advanced hold - threshold
temperature value
C
nnnn.n
√ √
Within device
measurement range.
In current unit (°C/°F)
Lower-limit of
temperature
range
√ √ √
Current calculated emissivity
CE
n.nnn √ √ √ √ √
Current lower threshold
value for Relay function
CK
nnnn.n
√ √
In current unit (°C/°F)
√ √ Current upper threshold
value for Relay function
CS
nnnn.n
√ √
In current unit (°C/°F)
√
√
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COMMAND LIST
Description
Char
Value Format
Poll
Burst
Set
Legal values
Factory
default
2-W
6-W
12-W
Adjustable baud rate for
RS485
D
nnnn √ √ 0048 = 4800 baud rate
0096 = 9600 baud rate
0192 = 19200 baud rate
0384 = 38400 baud rate
0576 = 57600 baud rate
1152 = 115200 baud
rate
0096 √
√
Gain adjustment for
temperature value
DG
n.nnnn
√ √
0.8000 ~ 1.2000
1.0000
√ √ √
Offset adjustment for
temperature value
DO
nnnn.n
√ √
-200.0 ~ 200.0oC / -
360.0 ~ 360.0oF
In current unit (°C/°F)
0000.0
√ √ √
Device special information
(remark)
DS
XXX √ e.g. FPI-RAYTEK
√ √
√
Emissivity internal
E
n.nnn √ √ √ 0.100 ~ 1.100
1.000 √ √
√
Error code
EC
nnnn √ 0001 = Target
temperature over range;
0002 = Target
temperature under
range;
0010 = Ambient
temperature over range;
0020 = Ambient
temperature under range
0100 = Analog output
over range; 0200
= Analog output under
range;
√ √
√
Emissivity source selection:
Constant / Analog input /
Digital input / Rotary switch
ES X √ √
I = set by a constant
number according to the
command "E";
E = set by the input
voltage on FTC1 (only
for 12-wire);
D = set by the preset
value selected by digital
input FTC1~FTC3 (only
for 12-wire);
S = set by the rotary
switch (only for 2-Wire)
I √ √
√
Valley hold time
F
nnn.n √ √ √ 000.0 ~ 998.9 secs;
999.0 = infinite
000.0 √ √ √ Average time
G
nnn.n √ √ √ 0 = no averaging;
0.1 ~ 999.0 secs
000.0 √ √
√
Temperature value
responding to the top of
current / voltage output
range
H
nnnn.n
√ √ √
(Bottom temperature of
current / voltage output
range + 20oC) ~ Upperlimit of temperature
range.
In current unit (°C/°F)
Upper-limit of
temperature
range
√ √ √
Device ambient temperature
I
nnn.n √ √ In current unit (°C/°F)
√ √
√
Relay alarm output control
K X √ √
0 = open;
1 = closed;
2 = targert norm. open;
3 = target norm. closed;
4 = head norm. open;
5 = head norm. closed;
N = no relay built in
0 √
√
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Command List
85
10
COMMAND LIST
Description
Char
Value Format
Poll
Burst
Set
Legal values
Factory
default
2-W
6-W
12-W
Temperature value
responding to the bottom of
current / voltage output
range
L
nnnn.n
√ √ √
Lower-limit of
temperature range ~
(Top temperature of
current / voltage output
range - 20oC).
In current unit (°C/°F)
Lower-limit of
temperature
range
√ √ √
Current / voltage output
control:
Percentage / Targrt
temperature
O
nnn √ √ 0 ~ 100 = % of full
range;
255 = controlled by
target temperature
255 √ √
√
Peak hold time
P
nnn.n √ √ √ 000.0 ~ 998.9 secs;
999.0 = infinite
000.0 √ √
√
Target power value
Q
nnnnnn
√ √ √ √
√
Preset upper threshold value
for Relay corresponding to
the pointer set by the
command "EP"
SV
nnn.n √ √ In current unit (°C/°F)
√
Target temperature value
T
nnnn.n
√ √
In current unit (°C/°F)
√ √
√
RS485 shunt resistor
(120ohm) enable
TR n √ √
0 = deactivate the shunt
resistor;
1 = activate the shunt
resistor
0 √
√
Temperature unit
U X √ √ √
C/F C √ √ √
Poll or Burst mode selection
V X √ √
P = poll mode;
B = burst mode
P √
√
Burst mode string contents
X$ √ √
√
Multiple devices' address
XA
0nn √ √ 000 = single device
mode;
001 ~ 032 = multiple
devices mode
000 √
√
Lower-limit of Device
temperature range
XB
nnnn.n
√
In current unit (°C/°F)
√ √
√
Deadband value for Relay
function
XD
nn.n √ √ 1.0 ~ 50.0oC / 1.8 ~
90.0oF
In current unit (°C/°F)
02.0 (unit:
oC)
√ √
Restore factory defaults
XF √ √ √ √ Transmission
XG
n.nnn √ √ √ 0.100 ~ 1.000
1.000 √ √
√
Upper-limit of Device
temperature range
XH
nnnn.n
√
In current unit (°C/°F)
√ √
√
Device initialisation
XI n √ √ √
1 after RESET;
0 if XI =0
√ √
√
Connector/Box temperature
XJ
nnn.n √ √ In current unit (°C/°F)
√ √
√
Laser control
XL X √ √
0 = OFF;
1 = ON;
H = overheat(OFF);
N = no laser built in
0 √ √
√
FTC3 function selection:
Trigger / Hold / Laser control
XN X √ √
N = no function;
T = trigger;
H = hold;
L = laser
N
√
Analog output mode
selection
XO n √ √
0 = 0-20mA;
4 = 4-20mA;
5 = TCJ (only for 6-wire);
6 = TCK(only for 6-wire);
9 = mV
9 √
√
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86
COMMAND LIST
Description
Char
Value Format
Poll
Burst
Set
Legal values
Factory
default
2-W
6-W
12-W
Lower threshold value for
Relay function
XP
nnnn.n
√ √
Lower-limit of
temperature range ~
(Upper threshold value
for Relay function - 2 *
Deadband).
In current unit (°C/°F)
Lower-limit of
temperature
range
√ √
Firmware revision
XR
nn.nn.nnnn
√
e.g. 01.01.1111
√ √
√
Analog Firmware revision
XRA
nn.nn.nnnn
√
e.g. 01.01.1111
√
√
Upper threshold value for
Relay function
XS
nnnn.n
√ √
(Lower threshold value
for Relay function + 2 *
Deadband) ~ Upper-limit
of temperature range.
In current unit (°C/°F)
Upper-limit of
temperature
range
√ √
Trigger status
XT n √ √
0 = inactive;
1 = active
0
√
Device identification (model
name)
XU
XXXXXXXXXXX
√
e.g. STRLTH5SFCW
√ √
√
Device serial number
XV
nnnnnnnnn
√
e.g. 123456789
√ √
√
Advanced hold - hysteresis
temperature value
XY
nnnn.n
√ √
-100.0 ~ 100.0oC / -
180.0 ~ 180.0oF
In current unit (°C/°F)
0000.0
√ √ √
Amb count + IR ADC count
value
YA
nnnnn#nnnnnn
√ √ √
√
PSa value + Energy value
YB
nnnnnn#nnnnnn
√ √ √
√
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Appendix
Optical Diagrams
87
11
11 Appendix
11.1 Optical Diagrams
11.1.1 LT-07 Models
Figure 11-1: Optical Diagrams LT-07 Models
11.1.2 LT-15 Models
Figure 11-2: Optical Diagrams LT-15 Models
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11.1.3 LT-30 Models
Figure 11-3: Optical Diagrams LT-30 Models
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Optical Diagrams
89
11
11.1.4 LT-50 Models
Figure 11-4: Optical Diagrams LT-50 Models
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11.1.5 LT-70 Models
Figure 11-5: Optical Diagrams LT-70 Models
11.1.6 P7-30 Models
Figure 11-6: Optical Diagrams P7-30 Models
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Optical Diagrams
91
11
11.1.7 G7-70 Models
Figure 11-7: Optical Diagrams G7-70 Models
11.1.8 G5-30 Models
Figure 11-8: Optical Diagrams G5-30 Models
11.1.9 G5-70 Models
Figure 11-9: Optical Diagrams G5-70 Models
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11.1.10 MT-30 Models
Figure 11-10: Optical Diagrams MT-30 Models
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Optical Diagrams
93
11
11.1.11 MT-70 Models
Figure 11-11: Optical Diagrams MT-70 Models
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11.1.12 P3-20 Models
Figure 11-12: Optical DiagramsP3-20 Models
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Optical Diagrams
95
11
11.1.13 HT-60 Models
Figure 11-13: Optical Diagrams HT-60 Models
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96
11.2 Determination of Emissivity
Emissivity is a measure of an object’s ability to absorb and emit infrared energy. It can have a value between 0
and 1.0. For example, a mirror has an emissivity of < 0.1, while the so-called blackbody reaches an emissivity
value of 1.0. If a higher than actual emissivity value is set, the output will read low, provided the target temperature
is above its ambient temperature. For example, if you have set 0.95 and the actual emissivity is 0.9, the temperature
reading will be lower than the true temperature.
An object’s emissivity can be determined by one of the following methods:
• Determine the actual temperature of the material using an RTD (PT100), a thermocouple, or any other
suitable contact temperature method. Next, measure the object’s temperature and adjust emissivity
setting until the correct temperature value is reached. This is the correct emissivity for the measured
material.
• For relatively low temperatures (up to 260°C / 500°F) place a plastic sticker on the object to be measured.
This sticker should be large enough to cover the target spot. Next, measure the sticker’s temperature
using an emissivity setting of 0.95. Finally, measure the temperature of an adjacent area on the object
and adjust the emissivity setting until the same temperature is reached. This is the correct emissivity for
the measured material.
• If possible, apply flat black paint to a portion of the surface of the object. The emissivity of the paint is
0.95. Next, measure the temperature of the painted area using an emissivity setting of 0.95. Finally,
measure the temperature of an adjacent area on the object and adjust the emissivity until the same
temperature is reached. This is the correct emissivity for the measured material.
11.3 Typical Emissivity Values
The following table provides a brief reference guide for determining emissivity and can be used when one of the
above methods is not practical. Emissivity values shown in the table are only approximate, since several
parameters may affect the emissivity of a material. These include the following:
• Temperature
• Angle of measurement
• Geometry (plane, concave, convex)
• Thickness
• Surface quality (polished, rough, oxidized, sandblasted)
• Spectral range of measurement
• Transmission (e.g. thin films plastics)
To optimize surface temperature measurements, consider the following guidelines:
• Determine the object’s emissivity using the instrument, which is also to be used for temperature
measurements.
• Avoid reflections by shielding the object from surrounding temperature sources.
• For higher temperature objects, use instruments with the shortest wavelength possible.
• For translucent materials such as plastic foils or glass, ensure that the background is uniform and lower
in temperature than the object.
• Mount the instrument perpendicular to the surface, if possible. In all cases, do not exceed angles more
than 30° from incidence.
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Typical Emissivity Values
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11
Table 11-1: Typical Emissivity Values for Metals
Metals
Emissivity
Material
1 µm
1.6 µm
2.3 µm
3.9 µm
5 µm
7.9 µm
8 – 14 µm
Aluminum
Unoxidized
0.1-0.2
0.02-0.2
0.02-0.2
0.02-0.2
0.02-0.2
0.03-0.15
0.02-0.1
Oxidized
0.4
0.4
0.2-0.4
0.2-0.4
0.2-0.4
0.20-0.55
0.2-0.4
Alloy A3003,
Oxidized
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4 0.3
Roughened
0.2-0.8
0.2-0.6
0.2-0.6
0.1-0.4
0.1-0.4
0.1-0.3
Polished
0.1-0.2
0.02-0.1
0.02-0.1
0.02-0.1
0.02-0.1
0.02-0.1
Brass
Polished
0.1-0.3
0.01-
0.05
0.01-0.05
0.01-0.05
0.01-0.05
0.03-0.15
0.01-0.05
Burnished
0.4
0.3
0.3 0.3
Oxidized
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.5
0.5 0.5
Chromium
0.4
0.4
0.05-0.3
0.03-0.3
0.03-0.3
0.10-0.20
0.02-0.2
Oxidized
0.60-0.85
Copper
Polished
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.03-0.15
0.03
Roughened
0.05-0.2
0.05-0.2
0.05-0.15
0.05-0.15
0.05-0.1
Oxidized
0.2-0.8
0.2-0.9
0.7-0.9
0.5-0.8
0.5-0.8
0.40-0.80
0.4-0.8
Gold
0.3
0.01-0.1
0.01-0.1
0.01-0.1
0.01-0.1
0.02-0.15
0.01-0.1
Haynes
Alloy
0.5-0.9
0.6-0.9
0.6-0.9
0.3-0.8
0.3-0.8
0.3-0.8
Inconel
Oxidized
0.4-0.9
0.6-0.9
0.6-0.9
0.6-0.9
0.6-0.9
0.80-0.90
0.7-0.95
Sandblasted
0.3-0.4
0.3-0.6
0.3-0.6
0.3-0.6
0.3-0.6
0.3-0.6
polished
0.2-0.5
0.25
0.25
0.15
0.15
0.10-0.25
0.15
Iron Oxidized
0.4-0.8
0.5-0.8
0.7-0.9
0.6-0.9
0.6-0.9
0.80-0.95
0.5-0.9
Unoxidized
0.35
0.1-0.3
0.1-0.3
0.05-0.25
0.05-0.25
0.05-0.2
Rusted
0.6-0.9
0.6-0.9
0.5-0.8
0.5-0.8
0.5-0.7
Molten
0.35
0.4-0.6
0.4-0.6
Iron, Cast
Oxidized
0.7-0.9
0.7-0.9
0.7-0.9
0.65-0.95
0.65-0.95
0.10-0.95
0.6-0.95
Unoxidized
0.35
0.3
0.1-0.3
0.25
0.25
0.10-0.15
0.2
Molten
0.35
0.3-0.4
0.3-0.4
0.2-0.3
0.2-0.3
0.2-0.3
Iron, Wrought
Dull
0.9
0.9
0.95
0.9
0.9 0.9
Lead
Polished
0.35
0.05-0.2
0.05-0.2
0.05-0.2
0.05-0.2
0.05-0.1
Rough
0.65
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.4 0.4
Oxidized
0.3-0.7
0.3-0.7
0.2-0.7
0.2-0.7
0.2-0.6
Magnesium
0.3-0.8
0.05-0.3
0.05-0.2
0.03-0.15
0.03-0.15
0.02-0.1
Mercury
0.05-
0.15
0.05-0.15
0.05-0.15
0.05-0.15
0.05-0.15
Molybdenum
Oxidized
0.5-0.9
0.4-0.9
0.4-0.9
0.3-0.7
0.3-0.7
0.2-0.6
Unoxidized
0.25-0.35
0.1-0.35
0.1-0.3
0.1-0.15
0.1-0.15
0.10-0.25
0.1
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Metals
Emissivity
Material
1 µm
1.6 µm
2.3 µm
3.9 µm
5 µm
7.9 µm
8 – 14 µm
Monel (Ni-Cu)
0.3
0.2-0.6
0.2-0.6
0.1-0.5
0.1-0.5
0.10-0.25
0.1-0.14
Oxidized
0.60-0.85
0.7-0.9
Nickel
Oxidized
0.8-0.9
0.4-0.7
0.4-0.7
0.3-0.6
0.3-0.6
0.80-0.95
0.2-0.5
Electrolytic
0.2-0.4
0.1-0.3
0.1-0.2
0.1-0.15
0.1-0.15
0.05-0.15
Platinum
Black
0.95
0.95
0.9
0.9 0.9
Silver
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.03-0.15
0.02
Steel
Cold-Rolled
0.8-0.9
0.8-0.9
0.8-0.9
0.8-0.9
0.7-0.9
Ground Sheet
0.6-0.7
0.5-0.7
0.5-0.7
0.4-0.6
Polished
Sheet
0.35
0.25
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.10-0.25
0.1
Molten
0.35
0.25-0.4
0.25-0.4
0.1-0.2
0.1-0.2
Oxidized
0.8-0.9
0.8-0.9
0.8-0.9
0.7-0.9
0.7-0.9
0.80-0.95
0.7-0.9
Stainless
0.35
0.2-0.9
0.2-0.9
0.15-0.8
0.15-0.8
0.10-0.25
0.1-0.8
Tin (Unoxidized)
0.25
0.1-0.3
0.1-0.3
0.05
0.05
0.05
Titanium
Polished
0.5-0.75
0.3-0.5
0.2-0.5
0.1-0.3
0.1-0.3
0.05-0.2
Oxidized
0.6-0.8
0.6-0.8
0.5-0.7
0.5-0.7
0.5-0.6
Tungsten
0.1-0.6
0.05-0.5
0.05-0.5
0.03
Polished
0.35-0.4
0.1-0.3
0.1-0.3
0.05-0.25
0.05-0.25
0.05-0.20
0.03-0.1
Zinc
Oxidized
0.6
0.15
0.15
0.1
0.1 0.1
Polished
0.5
0.05
0.05
0.03
0.03
0.15-0.25
0.02
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Page 97
Appendix
Typical Emissivity Values
99
11
Table 11-2: Typical Emissivity Values for Non-Metals
NON-METALS
Emissivity
Material
1 µm
1.6 µm
2.3 µm
5 µm
7.9 µm
8 – 14 µm
Asbestos
0.9 0.8
0.9 0.95
Asphalt
0.95
0.95-1.00
0.95
Basalt
0.7 0.7
Carbon
Unoxidized
0.8-0.95
0,8-0,9
0.8-0.9
0.8-0.9
Graphite
0.8-0.9
0.8-0.9
0.7-0.9
0.45-0.70
0.7-0.8
Carborundum
0.95
0.9 0.9
Ceramic
0.4 0.8-0.95
0.8-0.95
0.95
Clay
0.8-0.95
0.85-0.95
0.95
Coke
0.95-1.00
0.95-1.00
0.95-1.00
0.95-1.00
0.95-1.00
0.95-1.00
Concrete
0.65
0.9
0.9 0.95
Cloth
0.95
0.95
Glass
Plate
0.2
0.98
0.98
0.85
“Gob”
0.4-0.9
0.9
Gravel
0.95
0.95
Gypsum
0.4-0.97
0.8-0.95
Ice 0.98
Limestone
0.4-0.98
0.98
Paint (non-al.)
0.90-1.00
0.9-0.95
Paper (any color)
0.95
0.90-1.00
0.95
Plastic, opaque at 500
µm thickness (20 mils)
0.95
0.95
Rubber
0.9
0.95-1.00
0.95
Sand
0.9 0.9
Snow
0.9
Soil 0.9-0.98
Water
0.93
Wood, Natural
0.9-0.95
0.90-1.00
0.9-0.95
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