Fluke OneTouch Series II User Manual

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OneTouch Series II

Network Assistant

Users Manual

September 1999 Rev. 1, 11/00

LIMITED WARRANTY & LIMITATION OF LIABILITY

Fluke Corporation (Fluke) warrants its products to be free from defects in material and workmanship under normal use and service for one (1) year, beginning on the date of shipment. This warranty extends only to the original buyer or end-user custom er of a Fluke authorized reseller, and does not apply to fuses, bat-

teries or to any product which, in Fluke’s opinion, has been misused, altered, neglected or damaged by accident or abnormal conditions of operation or handling. Fluke warrants that software will operate on appropriate Fluke instruments substantially in accordance with its functional specific ati ons for 90 days and that it has been properly recorded on non-defective media. Fluke does not warrant that software will be error free or operate without interruption.

Fluke authorized resellers shall extend this warranty on new and unused products to end-user customers only but have no authority to extend a greater or different warranty on behalf of Fluke.

Fluke’s warranty obligation is limited, at Fluke’s option, to refund of the purchase price, or free of charge repair or replacement of a defective product which is returned to an authorized Fluke Service Center within the warranty period.

To obtain warranty service, call Fluke for instructions at the number listed in the Appendix. Following warranty repair, the product will be returned to Buyer, transportation prepaid (FOB Destination). If Fluke determines that the failure was caused by misuse, alteration, accident or abnormal condition of operation or handling, Fluke will provide an estimate of repair costs and obtain authorization before commencing the work. Following repair, the product will be returned to the Buyer transportat i on prepaid and the Buyer will be billed for the repair and return transportation charges (FOB Shipping Point).

Warranty service is available outside the United States only if product was purchased through a Fluke Authorized Sales Outlet in the country of use or the applicable Fluke international price was paid. Product transported from the United States for which the applicable Fluke international price was not paid must be returned to the U.S. to receive warranty service, at the shipment expense and risk of Buyer. Fluke reserves the right to invoice Buyer for importation costs of repair/replacem ent parts when product purchased in one country is submitted for repair in another country.

THIS WARRANTY IS PURCHASER’S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY AND IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILI TY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. FLUKE SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSSES , INCLUDING LOSS OF DATA, WHETHER ARISING FROM BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT, RELIANCE OR ANY OTHER THEORY.

Since some countries or states do not allow limitation of the term of an implied warranty, or exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages, the limitations and excl usi ons of this warranty may not apply to every buyer. If any provision of this Warranty is held invalid or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, such holding will not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision of this warranty.

Fluke Corporation P.O. Box 9090 Everett WA 98206-9090

FlukeEurope B.V. P.O. Box 1186 5602 B.D. Eindhoven The Netherlands

Table of Contents

Chapter Title Page

1 Introduction.................................................................................................................. 1-1

Introducing the OneTouch Series II Network Assistant.................................................. 1-1

Software Version....................................................................................................... 1-2

Supplied Equipment.................................................................................................. 1-2

Optional Equipment .................................................................................................. 1-2

Placing Orders and Getting Assistance .................................................................... 1-3

2 Autotest and Central Setup......................................................................................... 2-1

Introduction....................................................................................................................2-1

Device Discovery Process........................................................................................ 2-2

Identifying Routers............................................................................................... 2-2

Device Icons......................................................................................................... 2-3

Station Detail Display................................................................................................ 2-8

Viewing Multiple Protocols on Station Detail Displays.......................................... 2-9

NetWare Devices List ............................................................................................... 2-9

NetWare Print Server List.............................................................................................. 2-11

TCP/IP Devices Display............................................................................................ 2-11

Sorting ...................................................................................................................... 2-15

Address Entry Keypad.............................................................................................. 2-16

OneTouch Series II

Users Manual

Central Setup ............................................................................................................ 2-17

IP Config............................................................................................................... 2-17

Using DHCP to Get an IP Source Address........................................................... 2-19

SNMP ................................................................................................................... 2-21

3 Network Health............................................................................................................. 3-1

Introduction ....................................................................................................................3-1

Interpreting Error Results .......................................................................................... 3-8

Collisions.............................................................................................................. 3-8

Late Collisions...................................................................................................... 3-8

Short Frames........................................................................................................ 3-8

Jabbers................................................................................................................. 3-8

Bad Frame Check Sequence (FCS)..................................................................... 3-8

Tracking Addresses................................................................................................... 3-9

Local vs. Remote Stations......................................................................................... 3-9

4 Cable Tests................................................................................................................... 4-1

Introduction ....................................................................................................................4-1

Cable Autotest........................................................................................................... 4-2

Split Pairs.............................................................................................................. 4-2

Cable Length Results ........................................................................................... 4-2

Wiremap Cable..................................................................................................... 4-3

Identifying Cables...................................................................................................... 4-4

Toner.................................................................................................................... 4-4

Define Cable......................................................................................................... 4-4

Basic Cable Concepts............................................................................................... 4-4

Twisted Pair Cables.............................................................................................. 4-5

Reversed Pair....................................................................................................... 4-6

Contents

Crossed Pair ........................................................................................................ 4-6

Split Pair............................................................................................................... 4-6

Cable Length........................................................................................................ 4-7

Cable Termination................................................................................................ 4-8

Test Fiber Optic Cable................................................................................................... 4-10

Ensuring Accurate Measurements............................................................................ 4-10

Setting a Reference.................................................................................................. 4-10

Measuring Optical Loss............................................................................................. 4-11

Measuring Output Power.......................................................................................... 4-11

5 NIC/Hub Tests.............................................................................................................. 5-1

Introduction....................................................................................................................5-1

NIC Autotest.............................................................................................................. 5-2

Hub Autotest............................................................................................................. 5-3

Viewing Hub Capabilities.......................................................................................... 5-3

NIC Detector............................................................................................................. 5-4

Flash Hub Port.......................................................................................................... 5-4

6 Connectivity Tests....................................................................................................... 6-1

Introduction....................................................................................................................6-1

IP Trace Route.......................................................................................................... 6-2

IP & NetWare Ping.................................................................................................... 6-2

Entering IPX Addresses....................................................................................... 6-3

Conducting a Ping Station Test................................................................................. 6-4

Key Device Ping........................................................................................................ 6-6

Interpreting Ping Test Results................................................................................... 6-8

ConfigMaster............................................................................................................. 6-8

Station Locator.......................................................................................................... 6-10

(continued)

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Find MAC.............................................................................................................. 6-10

Find IP.................................................................................................................. 6-11

Mode of Operation................................................................................................ 6-11

Results.................................................................................................................. 6-11

7 ITO – Internetwork Throughput Option...................................................................... 7-1

Introduction ....................................................................................................................7-1

ITO/xDSL Throughput Test ....................................................................................... 7-2

ITO/xDSL Theory of Operation............................................................................. 7-2

Basic Operation.................................................................................................... 7-4

Conducting a Throughput Test............................................................................. 7-4

Connecting and configuring the Remote Unit....................................................... 7-7

Connecting and configuring the Local Unit........................................................... 7-7

Results Displayed During the Throughput Test.................................................... 7-13

Final Test Results................................................................................................. 7-13

ITO/xDSL Traffic Generator....................................................................................... 7-15

MAC Mode............................................................................................................ 7-17

IP Mode................................................................................................................ 7-17

MAC and IP Mode Results.................................................................................... 7-18

Ping Mode ............................................................................................................ 7-19

Ping Mode Results................................................................................................ 7-20

Appendices

A Specifications.......................................................................................................... A-1

B Basic Maintenance.................................................................................................. B-1

C Web Remote Control............................................................................................... C-1

D Glossary.................................................................................................................. D-1

Index

List of Tables

Table Title Page

2-1. Device Icons ......................................................................................................................... 2-4

2-2. TCP/IP Device Icons............................................................................................................. 2-13

3-1. Network Health Meters ......................................................................................................... 3-5

4-1. Fiber Test Terminology......................................................................................................... 4-11

7-1. ITO and xDSL Terminology .................................................................................................. 7-1

OneTouch Series II

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List of Figures

Figure Title Page

1-1. OneTouch-10/100 Series II Network Assistant..................................................................... 1-2

2-1. Autotest Display.................................................................................................................... 2-2

2-2. Station Filter.......................................................................................................................... 2-6

2-3. Station List Information......................................................................................................... 2-6

2-4. NetBIOS Information............................................................................................................. 2-6

2-5. Novell Server Information ..................................................................................................... 2-7

2-6. Station Detail ........................................................................................................................ 2-8

2-7. Ping SNMP Results .............................................................................................................. 2-9

2-8. Station Running Multiple Protocols....................................................................................... 2-9

2-9. NetWare File Server List....................................................................................................... 2-10

2-10. Netware File Server Information........................................................................................... 2-11

2-11. TCP/IP Devices Display........................................................................................................ 2-12

2-12. Local Station List................................................................................................................... 2-15

2-13. Sort Options.......................................................................................................................... 2-16

2-14. Address Entry Keypad.......................................................................................................... 2-16

2-15. Central Setup........................................................................................................................ 2-17

2-16. IP Address Configuration...................................................................................................... 2-18

2-17. Address Entry Keypad.......................................................................................................... 2-19

2-18. DHCP Display....................................................................................................................... 2-20

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2-19. Security Setup....................................................................................................................... 2-21

2-20. SNMP.................................................................................................................................... 2-22

2-21. Community String Editor........................................................................................................ 2-23

3-1. Network Health...................................................................................................................... 3-1

3-2. Top Senders Display............................................................................................................. 3-2

3-3. Station Detail......................................................................................................................... 3-3

3-4. Network Health Test Meter Icon............................................................................................ 3-3

3-5. Station Addresses ................................................................................................................. 3-8

4-1. Cable Tests ........................................................................................................................... 4-1

4-2. Wiremap Results................................................................................................................... 4-3

4-3. Reversed Pair........................................................................................................................ 4-6

4-4. Crossed Pair.......................................................................................................................... 4-6

4-5. Split Pair................................................................................................................................ 4-7

4-6. Cable Termination................................................................................................................. 4-9

4-7. Fiber Test Results................................................................................................................. 4-12

4-8. Connections for Setting a Reference Level........................................................................... 4-13

4-9. Connections for Measuring Optical Loss............................................................................... 4-14

4-10. Connections for Measuring Output Power............................................................................. 4-15

5-1. NIC/Hub Test......................................................................................................................... 5-1

5-2. NIC Autotest.......................................................................................................................... 5-2

5-3. Hub Autotest Display............................................................................................................. 5-3

5-4. NIC Detector.......................................................................................................................... 5-4

5-5. Flash Hub Port Display.......................................................................................................... 5-6

6-1. Connectivity Tests Display .................................................................................................... 6-1

6-2. IP Trace Route ...................................................................................................................... 6-2

6-3. IP & NetWare Ping Display.................................................................................................... 6-2

6-4. NetWare Ping........................................................................................................................ 6-3

6-5. IP Ping................................................................................................................................... 6-3

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Contents

6-6. IP and NetWare Ping............................................................................................................ 6-5

6-7. IP Ping Results ..................................................................................................................... 6-5

6-8. NetWare Ping Results........................................................................................................... 6-5

6-9. Ping Key Devices.................................................................................................................. 6-6

6-10. IP Configuration.......................................................................................................... .......... 6-7

6-11. Edit Key Devices................................................................................................................... 6-7

6-12. ConfigMaster ........................................................................................................................ 6-9

6-13. Station Locator...................................................................................................................... 6-10

6-14. Station Locator Information................................................................................................... 6-12

7-1. Local and Remote Units........................................................................................................ 7-3

7-2. ITO Local Unit and Possible Remote Unit Locations ............................................................ 7-5

7-3. xDSL Test Connections........................................................................................................ 7-6

7-4. Local Unit Configuration Display for Throughput Test........................................................... 7-8

7-5. xDSL Central Office (Remote) Connections ......................................................................... 7-9

7-6. xDSL Subscriber-end Connections ....................................................................................... 7-10

7-7. ITO Results Shown During the Test...................................................................................... 7-13

7-8. Final ITO Throughput Test Results....................................................................................... 7-14

7-9. Traffic Generator Setup Display............................................................................................ 7-16

7-10. MAC or IP Mode Sample Results......................................................................................... 7-19

7-11. Ping Mode Sample Results................................................................................................... 7-21

C-1. Web Agent............................................................................................................................ C-2

(continued)

OneTouch Series II

Users Manual

Chapter 1

Introduction

Introducing the OneTouch Series II Network Assistant

The Fluke OneTouch Series II Network Assistant (hereafter referred to as the "Network Assistant") provides quick solutions to the most common problems found when installing and troubleshooting Ethernet networks. The Network Assistant is a portable, handheld instrument that is operated using a touchscreen user interface.

XCaution

Take care not to damage the touchscreen with any sharp, pointed, or hard objects. For

additional information, see “Essentials” in the Getting Started Manual.

The OneTouch Series II is available in three models:

OneTouch Series II 10

OneTouch Series II 10/100

OneTouch Series II 10/100 Pro

OneTouch Series II Pro features include:

Station Locator

Key Device Ping

ConfigMaster

Web Remote Control

These features are discussed throughout this manual in the pertinent sections. Read the

Network Assistant Getting Started Manual

that came with your purchase to become familiar with and quickly begin using your OneTouch Series II Network Assistant. You can also access

http://www.flukenetworks.com and navigate to the

OneTouch Series II area to access software and

OneTouch Series II

(P/N 1279870)

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Users Manual

documents. Adobe Acrobat Reader is required to view the documents. It is included on the CD-ROM that came with your purchase or downloadable from www.adobe.com.

Software Version

To determine the version of the software in the OneTouch Series II Network Assistant, press the green button to turn the Network Assistant on then press

The software version number is displayed on the Help screen. To update the software version for your Network Assistant, read the

Manual

and the OneTouch Link program online help.

OneTouch Series II Getting Started

Supplied Equipment

The following is supplied with the Network Assistant:

NiMH Rechargeable Battery Pack Universal AC Power Adapter Cable Identifier 1 Instrument Softcase Power Cord Network Assistant Strap and Holster CD-ROM Disk

OneTouch Series II Users Manual

OneTouch Link Program OneTouch Reporter

ace010f.eps

Figure 1-1. OneTouch-10/100 Series II Network

Assistant

Optional Equipment

The following optional items and can be purchased through Fluke or your local distributor:

NiMH Rechargeable Battery Pack (P/N N6600/NBP) Cable Identifier Set -- numbers 2 through 6 (P/N

N6600/RA)

1-2

UTP Accessory Kit (P/N N6703) Extra

Placing Orders and Getting Assistance

To locate an authorized service center, visit us on the World Wide Web at www.flukenetworks.com or call Fluke using the phone numbers listed below:

For application related questions, send email to:

fluke-assist@flukenetworks.com.

OneTouch Series II Network Assistant Getting

Started Manual

North America : 1-800-28FLUKE (1-800-283-5853) Europe: +31 40-267-8300 Japan: +81-3-3434-0188 Singapore: +65Anywhere in the world: +1-425-446-4519

-738-5655

Introduction

Introducing the OneTouch Series II Network Assistant

1-3

Introduction

AutoTest and Central Setup are two critical elements of using your Network Assistant. To run AutoTest, press (AutoTest) on the top-level display. The Network Assistant will take one of several courses of action.

If a link pulse is detected, it searches for devices on the network. The devices on your segment are shown by protocol on the AutoTest display. The map view shows a summary of device types, including the Network Assista nt itself and the hub , which shows hub capability (Figure 2-1).

If it detects a wire mapper (office locator), it will map the cable.

If it detects the Fiber Optic Module (FOM), it will report the results.

Chapter 2

Autotest and Central Setup

If it detects an open cable, it will perform Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) on the cable to determine cable length, characteristic impedance, and other parameters.

If no link pulse is detected but it detects termination, no data will be found and you will see the message,

No cable tests when plugged into an active device.

or NIC that is not turned on.

If link is detected, you can get the same information via AutoTest or Network Health from the main menu. You can then use the tabs to navigate between the different views. The difference between AutoTest and Network Health is that AutoTest restarts the discovery process from the beginning, including DHCP addresse s (if enabled). Network Health allows you to view the information without a discovery restart. Pressing AutoTest is the same as unplugging the network cable and then

This could happen if it is plugged into a hub

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Users Manual

plugging it back in. This is also the same as pressing the

(Rerun) button.

Press a displayed device, cable, or hub icon to see a popup screen showing more information about that item. Close the resulting popup screen by pressing

ace201s.bmp

Figure 2-1. AutoTest Display

AutoTest continues to discover devices and to count frames and errors even after you exit the screen by pressing

(up one level). The Network Health test runs

in the background (read Chapter 3).

Device Discovery Process

When you attach the Network Assistant to a network, it immediately begins searching for servers, routers, printers, and switches. This search occurs whenever the Network Assistant gains link pulse regardless of the current menu.

During the discovery process (5-20 seconds, depending on network), the Network Assistant processes only the discovery response frames and broadcast frames. When the discovery process has finished, the Network Assistant goes into promiscuous mode. In this mode, it processes all frames and reports all stations that talk on the network.

Identifying Routers

The Network Assistant also transmits RIP requests and ICMP router requests as part of its router discovery process. These discovery packets request router information, allowing the Network Assistant to locate routers that have little traffic and are not sending routing updates.

2-2

The Network Assistant will identify as a router any device advertising one of the following router protocols: RIP, IGRP, EIGRP, IRDP, or OSPF.

Therefore, if a router is statically configured (i.e., is not sending out routing updates), it may not show up as a router.

The Network Assistant will identify any IP device that is transmitting periodic router updates as a router. Therefore, the Network Assistant identifies a workstation that is inadvertently configured as a router.

Device Icons

Pressing a flashing device icon displays a popup screen that shows information about problems with that device.

Autotest and Central Setup

Introduction

Close the popup window by pressing icons are described in Table 2-1.

. The device

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Table 2-1. Device Icons

Icon Meaning Operations

Network Assistant

Station Filter Press to filter out station types of low or no interest to you (Figure 2-2). You can unselect the

Stations Press to display a list of stations on the network (Figure 2-3). Stations are listed by name by

NetWare Press to display a list of NetWare servers (Figure 2-5). Read “NetWare Devices List” for

NetBIOS Press to display a scrollable list of all NetBIOS servers with their network addresses and

Press to display the MAC address and software/hardware versions for your instrument.

following: MAC Only (no L3 Address), IP Address, IPX, DECNET, and APPLETALK

default. You can also sort other ways (Frame Count, Protocol, Device Type, and MAC address) by pressing "Local versus Remote Stations" in Chapter 3. Press a line in the station list to see a Station Detail display (Figure 2-6). For more information, read "Station Detail Display."

more information. If there are more devices than will fit on the display, you can scroll through the list.

protocols detected on the segment (Figure 2-4).

(Station List Sort). For more details, see "Tracking Addresses" and

2-4

Table 2-1. Device Icons (Cont.)

Icon Meaning Operation

Autotest and Central Setup

Introduction

TCP/IP Devices

Hub

Cable

Press to display IP routers, servers, stations and other devices detected on the network that are running TCP/IP (Figure 2-11). Pressing an icon on the TCP/IP Devices display generates a list

of devices of that type. For more information, read “TCP/IP Devices." Press to display general information about the status of the Hub. This information includes

whether the link is active and its activity level. The following fields within the Hub popup window indicate the Hub’s status.

Capability

Speed Duplex Mode RX Level (receive pair)

Normal: Marginal:

attenuation in the cable or a defective Hub port.) Press to display cable length and fault information (when the Network Assistant is not connected

to an active device). The Network Assistant displays the length to the first fault it detects. For more details, see "Cable Autotest" in Chapter 4.

Hub signal level is within specification.

Hub signal level is not within specification. (The problem is either excessive

Link Pulse Status

Duplex Polarity

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2-6

Figure 2-2. Station Filter

ace216s.bmp

Figure 2-3. Station List Information

ace202s.bmp

Figure 2-4. NetBIOS Information

ace205s.bmp

Autotest and Central Setup

Introduction

Figure 2-5. Novell Server

Information

ace206s.bmp

Figure 2-6. Station Detail

ace207s.bmp

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Station Detail Display

Pressing on a line in a station or server list brings up a Station Detail display (Figure 2-6). This display shows information pertaining to the resource. The information may include the frame type used, the network, node, and MAC addresses, the equipment manufacturer, and the types of router protocols or algorithms available.

From the Station Detail Display menu, press Menu) to access the following:

IP Trace Route

Ping + SNMP

Ping

Ping Key Device

Add to Key Devices

Find Node

Press

(Ping + SNMP) to ping the station or resource and get any SNMP information available. For an IP ping, the Network Assistant uses the source and router IP addresses currently entered in the IP configuration screen under Connectivity Tests. These addresses must be valid to get a ping response. For an IPX ping, the Network Assistant automatically determines a source address.

(Tool

To access the SNMP agent, the Network Assistant uses the "public" community string (password). If the agent has a different community string, access the SNMP Config

menu from the Central Setup screen (read “SNMP” in Chapter 6).

After you press

(Ping+SNMP), the station's ping results, SNMP name, description, and uptime (in days, hours, minutes, and seconds) are displayed (Figure 2-7). Note that the SNMP name is cut off at 22 characters to fit on the display.

2-8

Autotest and Central Setup

Introduction

Viewing Multiple Protocols on Station Detail Displays

The Station Detail display tells you if the station is running multiple protocols. If multiple protocols are discovered, the protocol name on the Station Detail display is followed by a number. For example, Figure 2-8 shows part of the Station Detail information for a station running three protocols. Press protocols.

(Station) to cycle through the

Figure 2-7. Ping SNMP Results

ace208s.bmp

From the Tool menu press (Find Node) to activate the Station Locator feature, which details switch

information. Read “Station Locator” in Chapter 6 for more information.

ace209s.bmp

Figure 2-8. Station Running Multiple Protocols

NetWare Devices List

To see a NetWare file server list, run AutoTest then press

(NetWare Server) on the AutoTest display.

The NetWare File Server display (Figure 2-9) shows the nearest server for each of the four Ethernet frame types

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(IEEE 802.2 and 802.3, Ethernet II, and SNAP). If more than one server responds for a given file type, the Network Assistant reports the first server that responded.

The File Server List shows the nearest 50 file servers, based on hop count. This list is derived from SAP responses from the first server in the Nearest Server list.

If the list takes up more than one screen, use the arrow keys to scroll through the list. Press on a server name to see its frame type, hop count, network address, ping results, SNMP information, and uptime (Figure 2-10).

2-10

ace210s.bmp

Figure 2-9. NetWare File Server List

Autotest and Central Setup

NetWare Print Server List

configured in the SNMP Config menu (see “Central

Setup”).

TCP/IP Devices Display

Pressing the TCP/IP icon from the Autotest display brings up the TCP/IP Devices display (Figure 2-11). This display may include such items as servers, printers, SNMP devices, switches, routers, stations (local and remote), or subnets that are running TCP/IP. The device icons are described in Table 2-2.

Figure 2-10. NetWare File Server Information

ace211.bmp

NetWare Print Server List

From the NetWare File Server display (Figure 2-9), press

(View Print Servers) to see a list of the nearest 50 print servers based on hop count. Pressing a print server name sends an SNMP query to the server and displays the results (Figure 2-10). The SNMP query uses the "public" community string in addition to the SNMP strings

2-11

OneTouch Series II

Users Manual

2-12

Figure 2-11. TCP/IP Devices Display

ace204s.bmp

Table 2-2. TCP/IP Device Icons

Icon Meaning Operation

Servers TCP/IP Servers OneTouch has discovered. The Network Assistant will discover DNS,

WINS, POP2, POP3, SMTP, HTTP, DHCP, and BOOTP servers.

Duplicate IPs IP addresses that are in use by more than one device on the network. The Network

Assistant actively discovers devices using the same IP address and lists them in the TCP/IP menu in Autotest. From that point, you can see all known information for each device using duplicate IP addresses.

Printers Discovers printers running TCP/IP.

SNMP TCP/IP stations running SNMP.

Switches Automatically queries a switch and displays basic information (port summary and some

SNMP information).

Autotest and Central Setup

NetWare Print Server List

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Table 2-2. Device Icons (Cont.)

Icon Meaning Operation

Routers Local Routers and routing protocols on each router. The following routing protocols are

identified: RIP, RIP2, OSPF, IGRP, EIRGP, IRDP.

Servers TCP/IP Servers the Network Assista nt has discovered. It will discover DNS, WINS,

POP2, POP3, SMTP, HTTP, DHCP, and BOOTP servers.

Subnets Subnets discovered on the local segment. The valid range of IP addresses that are legal

for the subnet, the broadcast address, and the mask are listed for each subnet.

Remote Stations not physically located on the local segment but which have transmitted packets

onto the network.

Local Stations physically located on the local segment.

2-14

Sorting

Figure 2-12 shows a sample TCP/IP device list. Sorting for devices running TCP/IP functions the same way as Station Detail Display discussed in Table 2-1. Pressing

(Station List Sort) enables you to list devices based on Name, Protocol, Device Type, Frame Count (Local Stations), or MAC Address on the Sort Options screen (Figure 2-13). You can also choose ascending or descending sort order. Sorting does not apply for Subnets and Routers.

Autotest and Central Setup

NetWare Print Server List

Figure 2-12. Local Station List

ace212s.bmp

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Users Manual

Figure 2-13. Sort Options

ace214s.bmp

Address Entry Keypad

The Address Entry Keypad (Figure 2-14) is a decimal keypad for entering addresses. Press the Left-Arrow and Right-Arrow keys to select digits to change (or touch the entry box directly at the desired position), the period (.) to move between IP address octets, the OK button to exit the display, and X to exit without saving changes.

2-16

Figure 2-14. Address Entry Keypad

ace213.bmp

Central Setup

This section covers the elements of the Central Setup screen (Figure 2-15) that are not covered in the

Started Manual:

(IP Config) and

(SNMP Config).

Getting

IP Config

From the Central Setup screen (Figure 2-15), press (IP Config) to access the IP Address screen (Figure 2-

16).

Autotest and Central Setup

NetWare Print Server List

Figure 2-15. Central Setup

ace219s.bmp

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ace217s.bmp

Figure 2-16. IP Address Configuration

You can enter the Source IP manually or by using DHCP. The Source IP Address is the address you assign to the Network Assista nt. The Network Assistant responds to pings received from a network station. To return a response, the Network Assistant must have a valid IP source address.

The address must be:

Correct for the particular subnet to which the Network

Assistant is attached (to determine what range of addresses is valid for a particular subnet you must know the subnet mask).

Unique (there must not be a duplicate address on the

network).

The Network A ssistant checks for duplicate IP addresses before using a source address. Therefore, you can choose just about any address. It is still best, however, to check with your local IP address administrator to find out the Source IP Address to use for the Network Assistant. If the source IP address is not valid for the local subnet, you probably will not get any ping responses.

Manually Entering Addresses

To display the Address Entry Keypad (Figure 2-17) for manual entry, press a boxed IP address. Use the keypad to input digits for the desired IP address.

2-18

Figure 2-17. Address Entry Keypad

To move the cursor, use the arrow keys or press the desired octet within the IP address box.

ace218s.bmp

Autotest and Central Setup

NetWare Print Server List

Using DHCP to Get an IP Source Address

The DHCP feature lets you use Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol to automatically get an IP source address for your Network Assistant.

To activate DHCP, press Setup screen; then select DCHP. When you press (Get Address), the Network Assistant requests to lease an IP address from a DHCP server (Figure 2-18). The DHCP address request also occurs automatically if DHCP is already selected when the Network Assistant detects a link pulse.

If a DHCP server is found, the display shows th e accepted source IP address, DHCP se rver information, and lease time. Pressing restarts the DHCP process.

(IP Config) from the Central

(Get DHCP Address) again

To quickly move between address octets, press the “.” key, then press the octet you want to modify.

After entering the address, press OK.

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Figure 2-18. DHCP Display

The Network Assistant determines if an assigned address is already used by another device, and requests another address if necessary. This cycle can occur up to five times before the DHCP process fails.

OneTouch will renew its lease according the RFC2131, which is the RFC that defines DHCP, or by using the renew and rebind values received from the server.

The time at which OneTouch will renew its lease depends on whether the DHCP server issued a renew time period. If the DHCP server issued a renew time period, OneTouch will attempt to renew its lease at the specified time. Otherwise, OneTouch will attempt to renew the lease at 50% of the lease period. If OneTouch is unable to contact the DHCP server, it will try again to renew the lease at 87.5% of the lease period or the time specified by the server. This is called the rebind time.

If OneTouch is still unable to contact the DCHP server to renew the lease, it continues to use the IP address it was given, but it continues to try to renew the lease at the renew and rebind times.

If at any time, the DHCP server explicitly notifies OneTouch that its lease is no longer valid, OneTouch will discontinue its use of the IP address it was given.

Pressing

(View Log) shows the details of the DHCP process, including the DHCP offers, any addresses declined because they were in use, and the address of the server providing the accepted IP address.

If no DHCP server is found, the message No Server Found displays. In this case, you can enter the IP source address manually as described earlier.

Enter a known router address or press

(Find Router)

to automatically fill in the Router’s IP Address. Pressing

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(Find Router) again cycles through a li s t of the detected routers. This lets you see more routers than just the first one detected. If the Network Assistant has discovered more than one router, it assumes you want to ping the busiest router, and so uses that router’s address.

Autotest and Central Setup

NetWare Print Server List

Press address is duplicated on the local subnet. If a duplicate is found, its MAC address is displayed. Select Apply Changes on Exit and this process will occur when you exit the screen.

(Apply Address) to see if the Source IP

SNMP

Press (SNMP Config) from the Central Setup to access the Security Setup screen (Figure 2-19).

Figure 2-19. Security Setup

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Press SNMP Communities on the Security Setup screen to access the SNMP Community String List

(Figure 2-20). The Network Assistant uses the “public” community string (password) as the first default and also provides the capability to enter four additional community strings different than “public” for any given device or set of devices.

You can also password-protect strings so they are not visible on the Network Assistant screen. Press (Password Protection) to password-protect the community strings, an entry box displays enabling you to enter and enable the password. Thereafter, you will be prompted to enter that password in order to see and access the Community String screen.

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Figure 2-20. SNMP

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Press one of the address boxes to display a special keypad to enter community strings (Figure 2-21). Refer to the Help on the Network Assistant for an explanation of the keypad.

Autotest and Central Setup

NetWare Print Server List

Figure 2-21. Community String Editor

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Introduction

Network Health displays utilization (Util), errors (Error), collisions (Colsn), broadcasts (Bcast), protocols (IPX), and stations (Stations), as shown in Figure 3-1. To enter the Network Health menu, press the top-level display. The Network Health menu displays six meter icons that indicate the overall health of the network.

Press a meter icon to get more information about the network indicator shown on that meter.

(Network Health) on

Chapter 3

Network Health

Figure 3-1. Network Health

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For example, pressing Util displays the Top Senders display (Figure 3-2).

To get more detail about a particular station, press the boxed address of that station. Details about that station will be displayed as shown Figure 3-3. Press ( Tool Menu) to access the following (as applicable):

IP Trace Route

Ping + SNMP

Ping

Ping Key Device

Add to Key Devices

Find Node

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Figure 3-2. Top Senders Display

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Network Health

Introduction

Each meter icon (except where indicated) has a logarithmic scale with 0 at the minimum, 10 at the midpoint, and 100 at the maximum.

Tic marks identify the average and maximum data points.

Average

Maximum

Figure 3-3. Station Detail

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The Network Health test display has six meter icons, each of which indicates the current, average, and maximum values. A representative meter icon is shown in Figure 3-

Current

Figure 3-4. Network Health Test Meter Icon

Table 3-1 summarizes tests performed from the Network Health test display.

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Icon Description

Table 3-1. Network Health Meters

Press to display network utilization.

Percent Display – Displays the utilization percentage for the last one-second sample period. Count Display – Displays the frame count, for the last one-second sample period.

The meter’s scale switches to high range when the frame rate exceeds 10,000/second.

Press to display the types of errors received. Percent Display – Displays the number of errors as a percentage of the number of frames

received for the last one-second sample period. Errors counted are: bad FCS, short frames, late collisions, and jabbers. Count Display – Displays the error count for the last one-second sample period.

The meter has a logarithmic scale.

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Table 3-1. Network Health Test Icons (Cont.)

Icon Operation

Press to display collision details (% collisions and collisions/second).

Percent Display – Displays the number of collisions as a percentage of the number of frames received for the last one-second sample period.

The Network Assistant identifies preamble collisions. Count Display – Displays the collision count for the last one-second sample period.

The meter’s scale switches to high range when the collision rate exceeds 1,000/ second. Press to display stations sourcing the most broadcasts. Percent Display – Displays the number of MAC broadcasts presented as a percentage of the

number of frames received for the last one-second sample period. Count Display – Displays the MAC broadcast count for the last one-second sample period.

Displays the percent of frames on the network that are the top protocol since the beginning of the test .

Press to display top protocols detected on the attached segment.

Network Health

Introduction

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Icon Operation

Table 3-1. Network Health Test Icons (Cont.)

Displays the number of unique source addresses monitored since the beginning of this test. Some of the source addresses may be off-segment, which are sourced from stations on the

other side of a router. The meter has a logarithmic scale with 0 at the minimum, 25 at the mid-point and 250 at the

maximum. Press to display the Station List. This information is the same for the Percent Display and

Count Display.

Rerun - Press to clear all of the Network Health test information and reset the elapsed time. The Erase Health function does not change the display mode.

Press these tabs to view network statistics in terms of percent, frames per second, or a tabular view. You can also display the Autotest Map by pressing (Map).

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Network Health

Introduction

Interpreting Error Results

Collisions

A collision is the result of two or more nodes transmitting at the same time on the segment. Collisions are not

necessarily bad. They are a normal part of Ethernet’s operation. In general you need not worry about collisions unless the AVERAGE collision rate is greater than 20%.

Excessive collisions are more often associated with too much network traffic and less often a physical problem with the network. Usually the best way to fix a “collision problem” is to understand why there is excessive traffic.

You may find that the Network Assistant collision count does not agree with that of some protocol analyzers that under report collisions. Just like a Hub, the Network Assistant identifies collisions that occur in the frame’s preamble. These are the most common types of collisions in a 10BASE-T network.

Late Collisions

A late collision is one that occurs after the first 64 bytes in a frame. Consider late collisions a serious network error to be resolved quickly. Late collisions may manifest themselves as frames with a bad Frame Check Sequence (FCS). Late collisions are caused by either a faulty NIC or a network that is too long (i.e., end-to-end signal

propagation time is greater than the minimum legal frame size of ~57.6 microseconds for 10BASE-T).

Short Frames

A short frame is a frame that is less than the minimum legal size (less than 64 bytes) with a good frame check sequence. In general, you should not see short frames. The most likely cause of a short frame is a faulty card or an improperly configured or corrupt NIC driver file.

Jabbers

A jabber is a frame greater than the maximum legal size (greater than 1518 bytes) with a good or bad frame sequence.

Consider jabbers a serious network error to be resolved quickly. The most likely causes of Jabbers are a faulty NIC or driver or perhaps a cabling problem.

Bad Frame Check Sequence (FCS)

A legal sized frame with a bad frame check sequence (FCS) has been corrupted in some way. Bad FCSs can be caused by late collisions, a faulty NIC/driver, cabling, hub or induced noise.

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If the percentage of frames with a bad FCS is greater than 1%, then it should be considered a serious problem that is affecting network throughput.

A given rate of bad FCS frames has a much more serious effect on network throughput than a similar collision rate. This is because the retransmission time is so much longer. When a collision occurs, the frame is retransmitted within a few milliseconds because the sending station knows that there was a problem acquiring the media for transmission. Conversely, when a frame is corrupted (resulting in a bad FCS) the receiving station ignores the frame. The sending station does not know the frame was corrupted and therefore it is up to the upper protocol layer timeouts to cause a retransmission to occur. This process can take several seconds to retransmit a single frame.

Tracking Addresses

The Network A ssistant tracks addresses by their layer-3 address when possible. It displays layer-3 addresses for IPX, IP, NetBIOS, AppleTalk, and DECnet.

A station can appear in the station list more than once if it is configured to run more than one protocol or has more than one layer-3 address. (Figure 3-5.)

3-8

Figure 3-5. Station Addresses

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Local vs. Remote Stations

The Network Assistant initially classifies the location of all stations as that the station is either remote or local.

A local station is one that is connected to the same Ethernet segment as the Network Assistant. In a switched

Unknown

until it observes traffic that proves

environment, a local station is one that is in the same broadcast domain as the Network Assistant.

A remote station is one that is not on the same Ethernet segment or broadcast domain as the Network Assistant.

Network Health

Introduction

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3-10

Introduction

The Network Assistant quickly identifies the most common cable and wiring faults on twisted pair cabling systems and automatically tests all four pairs. It also detects fiber optic cable and enables you to begin fiber tests if a fiber optic module is detected.

You can perform the following tests and operations from the Cable Tests display (Figure 4-1).

Run Cable Autotest Verify pin-to-pin continuity (wiremap) Transmit toner Fiber tests Set units (feet or meters) and define category of

cable under test

Read the “Basic Cable Concepts” section for more information.

Chapter 4

Cable Tests

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Figure 4-1. Cable Tests

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Cable Autotest

Press (Cable Autotest) to measure cable length, detect split pairs, and/or perform a wiremap test. The Network Assistant does not measure cable length when it detects a link pulse (i.e., when connected to an active device such as a Hub).

The Network Assistant also starts the fiber tests automatically if a DSP-FOM is connected and turned on when you press (Autotest). Read “Test Fiber Optic

Cable” later in this chapter.

Split Pairs

The Network Assistant aut omatically checks for split pairs whenever Autotest or Cable Autotest is run. It will not check for split pairs if the end of the cable is attached to a Hub, a cable identifier, or the internal Wiremap connection. Disconnect it to obtain a complete test.

Note

The cable under test must be longer than 20 feet.

The Network Assistant can identify split pairs that occur either at the connector or at an intermediate point, such as a punchdown block.

Cable Length Results

When displaying cable length, the Network Assistant always reports the length to the first fault (e.g., opens, shorts, or split pairs). It shows the distance to the fault and to the end of the cable on the same pair as illustrated in the following example test results table.

Pair 1,2 135 ft Open

3,6 91 ft Split Pair 4,5 135 ft Open 7,8 91 ft Split Pair

In the case of pairs 3,6 and 7,8 there is a split pair at 91 feet and it is most likely that both pairs continue for the entire cable length of 135 feet.

A split pair at the connector is represented as Split/Open? with a length of less than 5 feet (1.5 m). A Split/Open? indication could also be an open at the indicated distance.

Length Status

Wiremap Cable

The Wiremap Cable test verifies pin-to-pin continuity from the near to the far end of the cable, making it easy to identify miswires (the most common installation problem) and other wiring errors.

4-2

The Wiremap Cable test can be run as a standalone test or automatically when you run Cable Autotest or AutoTest. The standalone test and Cable Autotest are run under Cable Tests.

To run a standalone test Wiremap Cable test, attach the cable to the Network Assistant and a remote unit to the far end of the cable under test, then press Cable). Figure 4-2 shows an example of the Wiremap Cable test r esults.

(Wiremap

Cable Tests

Introduction

Figure 4-2. Wiremap Results

If the Wiremap Cable test is conducted as part of the Cable Autotest or AutoTest, and if the Wiremap Cable test cannot run completely due to poor cable termination or quality, the Network Assistant displays a message recommending that you run the standalone version of the test to obtain additional error information.

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If you explicitly run the Wiremap Cable test while the far end of the cable is attached to a Hub, you may see unexpected results like wires shorted together. This is a normal side effect of forcing a wiremap to be done on a remote device other than a Cable Identifier.

Identifying Cables

Use the Cable Identifiers in mapping a cable. (Cable Identifier #1 is standard equipment and comes with the Network Assistant; Cable Identifiers #2 through #6 are optional. See "Optional Equipment" in Chapter 1.)

In mapping cables to individual offices from the wiring closet, the Network Assistant identifies unique Cable Identifiers and displays the wiremap and adapter number.

To map a cable, connect a Cable Identifier to the far end of the cable that you wish to identify (in the wiring closet, for example) and connect the near-end of the cable to the Network Assistant’s RJ-45 network connector.

You can also connect the optional RJ-45-to-Punchdown block adapter to the RJ-45 network connector (with an RJto-RJ cable) and quickly map cables to individual offices by running either the AutoTest).

(Wiremap Cable) or (Cable

Toner

Press (Toner) to transmit a low (185 Hz to 200 Hz) or high (350 Hz to 375 Hz) tone on the cable for use with a user supplied receiver, such as the Fluke 140 Tone Probe. Using the tone is a way to trace a cable on the network.

Define Cable

Press (Define Cable) to select units (meters or feet) and the cable category for the cable you are ready to test.

This Define Cable operation is the same as the one that can be accessed through the Setup screen.

Basic Cable Concepts

The remainder of this chapter provides some general information about cabling.

4-4

Twisted Pair Cables

Twisted pair cable is currently the most popular cable in LAN systems. The 10BASE-T standard for twisted pair cabling systems is much more popular than coaxial based Ethernet networks because it is easier to work with and is inherently more reliable. The 10BASE-T standard is valid for Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) and Shielded Twisted Pair (ScTP).

UTP cable typically consists of four pairs of 24 AWG (American Wire Gauge) solid or stranded wire surrounded by an insulating jacket. ScTP cable adds a foil shield around the four pairs to improve its noise immunity. The wires in each pair are twisted around each other, and the four pairs, in turn, are twisted together inside the cable sheath. Most UTP and ScTP cables have characteristic impedance of 100Ω. However, in some countries UTP is also available in 120Ω. The Cable Tests described in this chapter are designed to work with 100Ω cabling systems.

Cable Tests

Introduction

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Reversed Pair

A cable pair is reversed when two individual wires of a pair are reversed from end-to-end, as shown in Figure 4-3.

A reversed pair is not necessarily a catastrophic failure. Some 10BASE-T adapter cards and Hubs can sense the reversed polarity and continue to operate. It is always a good idea, however, to fix this problem when found.

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Figure 4-3. Reversed Pair

Crossed Pair

A pair is crossed when a wire pair is mapped to a different set of connector pins on the other end of the cable. Figure 4-4 shows an example of a crossed pair.

Sometimes pairs are crossed intentionally. A cable with a 1-2 to 3-6 cross is commonly known as a crossover cable, which is used for cascading Hubs together that do not have uplink ports.

Special crossed-pair patch cords are useful when working with non-standard cabling systems.

1 2

3 6

1 2

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Figure 4-4. Crossed Pair

Split Pair

A split pair is different from a crossed pair in that the pinto-pin wiring is correct but the wire pairing is incorrect.

That is, a “connector” pair is made up of two wires from a “cable” pair. Figure 4-5 shows an example of a split pair.

A split pair is much more susceptible to noise because the two wires in the “pair” are not twisted around each other. Split pairs can be especially difficult to find because the symptoms depend upon the particular wires involved, the cable length, and ambient noise.

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Cable Tests

Introduction

The symptoms of a split pair range from non-existent to a complete lack of communication. In so me cases a spli t pair cable may work just fine for 10BASE-T but not at all for 100BASE-TX.

6 4

Figure 4-5. Split Pair

A split pair cannot be identified with a conventional wiremap test because it is the wire pairing that is incorrect rather than the physical connection. Another technique must be used.

The most common method of identifying a split pair is by measuring the Near End Crosstalk (NEXT). This is a very reliable method but, unfortunately, it requires the use of a remote unit at the far end. The Network Assistant uses another equally reliable method that does not require a remote unit at the far end (except in the case of short cable lengths). The Network Assistant identifies split pairs by measuring the characteristic impedance of each wire

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pair. A split pair’s characteristic impedance is much greater than the impedance of correctly paired wires.

Cable Length

The 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX cabling specifications limit the maximum device-to-device cable length to 100 meters. There are many ways to measure a cable length; the Network Assistant uses a very accurate method called Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR).

The TDR method works much like a radar system that emits a pulse of electrical energy and then interprets the reflected electrical energy. To measure the length of a cable using the TDR method, a pulse of electrical energy is sent down a wire pair, the reflected electrical energy is interpreted to get the time delay between the transmitted and reflected pulse, and the length of the cable is computed using the cable’s Nominal Velocity of Propagation (NVP).

The NVP is a value for how fast a pulse travels down a given cable. Cable manufacturers specify how fast electricity travels down a cable as a percentage of the speed of light (186,000 miles/second or 300,000,000 meters/second). A cable with an NVP of 72, for example, means that electricity travels at 72% of the speed of light along the cable.

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The Network Assistant is preprogrammed with typical NVP values for CAT 3, 4, and 5 UTP cable. In addition, there are two user-definable Cable Types for you to enter your own NVP values.

Cable Termination

In addition to determining cable length, the TDR technique provides information on the kind of termination at the far

end of the cable and the cable’s characteristic impedance. The Network Assistant examines the polarity of the

reflected pulse to determine if the cable end is an open or short, as shown in Figure 4-6. If the wire pair is perfectly terminated there is no reflection.

4-8

Cable Tests

Introduction

Cable

Transmitted Pulse

Non Reflected Pulse

Figure 4-6. Cable Termination

End Of Fault

Open

Reflected Pulse

Short

Reflected Pulse

Remote Adapter

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Test Fiber Optic Cable

This section describes how to use the Network Assistant with a Fluke Fiber Optic Meter (FOM) to test fiber optic cable. You can measure optical loss and output power on multimode or singlemode cable.

The fiber tests require the following:

A Fluke DSP-FOM (Fiber Optic Meter; See "Placing

Orders and Getting Assistance" in Chapter 1 for ordering information.)

A multimode fiber optic source, such as is included

with the Fluke DSP-FTK (Fiber Test Kit)

Two fiber optic patch cables (provided with the DSP-

FOM and DSP-FTK)

Network Assistant software version 2.XX, or later

(Read "Updating Software" in the

Manual

Never look directly into the fiber optic source connector or attempt to adjust or modify the source. Doing so might expose you to hazardous LED radiation.

for information on software updates.)

W Warning

Getting Started

See the instruction sheet provided with the DSPFOM/FTK for specifications and maintenance information for the fiber optic meter and source.

Ensuring Accurate Measurements

To help ensure accurate fiber measurements, do the following:

Clean all fiber connectors before testing. Before using the optical source, turn it on and let it

stabilize for 2 minutes.

Setting a Reference

Before measuring a cable’s optical loss, set a reference level by measuring the loss in the fiber patch cables and connectors, as follows:

1. Make the connections shown in Figure 4-8. Use the same type of cable as the cable to be tested.

2. From the Network Assistant’s top level display, press

(AutoTest). The Network Assistant detects the active fiber optic meter and the meter’s wavelength setting and displays the fiber test results (Figure 4-7).

Press (Set Ref) from the Network Assistant’s fiber test display.

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Cable Tests

Test Fiber Optic Cable

Measuring Optical Loss

After setting the reference, do not disturb the source connection as you make connections to measure optical loss (Figure 4-9). If the fiber test is not already running, press the test.

(AutoTest) from the top level display to start

Measuring Output Power

Make the connections shown in Figure 4-10. If the fiber test is not already running, press (Autotest) from the top-level display to start the test.

Output power, optical power loss, and the current reference level are shown in microwatts (µW) and decibels (dBm or dB) (Figure 4-7). The power and loss measurements are updated continuously. Table 4-1 defines the terms used during the Fiber Test.

Table 4-1. Fiber Test Terminology

Term Definition

Reference Power measured on a known reference

cable.

Power Measured power in milliwatts and dBm.

dBm is the ratio of the measured power to one miliWatt. The formula the Network Assistant uses for calculating dBm is:

Power (dBm) = 10 × log × Power (mW)

Loss The amount of power loss on the

measured cable. Loss = Reference - Measured Power

Loss Limit Acceptable power loss. If the Loss is

greater than this value, the test reports FAIL. Otherwise, it reports PASS.

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Figure 4-7. Fiber Test Results

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Cable Tests

Test Fiber Optic Cable

FOS 850/1300

FIBER OPTIC SOURCE

1300

850

Do not

disturb source

connection.

FOM

FIBER OPTIC METER

1550

1300

850

OFF

1300

850

OFF

1300

850

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Figure 4-8. Connections for Setting a Reference Level

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FOM

FIBER OPTIC METER

1300

850

1550 1300

850

OFF

Figure 4-9. Connections for Measuring Optical Loss

1300

850

FOS 850/1300

FIBER OPTIC SOURCE

1300

850

OFF

Do not

disturb source

connection.

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Cable Tests

Test Fiber Optic Cable

FOM

FIBER OPTIC METER

1550 1300

850

OFF

850

Figure 4-10. Connections for Measuring Output Power

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Introduction

The (NIC/Hub Tests) display provides access to the following tests:

NIC Autotest Hub Autotest NIC Detector Flash Hub Port

If the Network Assistant has a valid network connection, it continues to monitor the network until one of these tests is executed.

From the Network Assistant top level display, press (NIC/Hub Tests) to access the NIC/Hub Tests display (Figure 5-1).

Chapter 5

NIC/Hub Tests

Figure 5-1. NIC/Hub Test

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NIC Autotest

In order for the NIC Autotest to complete, the NIC needs to be set up (power on, drivers running, etc.).

Press an Ethernet (10 or 100 Mbps) adapter card.

The NIC Autotest determines as much as possible about the physical connection to the network adapter card by:

Verifying the cabling from the desktop to the NIC. Checking for a 100 Mbps or 10 Mbps link pulse and

The NIC Autotest displays the network address used by the device. It will also display packet errors if any are detected. For example, it will tell you if a packet with a bad CRC is transmitted by the NIC.

The NIC Autotest display is shown in Figure 5-2. The following fields on the NIC Autotest screen indicate

the results of the NIC test:

RX Level (Normal/Marginal)

(NIC Autotest) to verify the correct operation of

configuring the Network Assistant accordingly. Confirming network connectivity by pinging the NIC.

Marginal

: The NIC signal level is not within specification. The problem is either excessive attenuation in the cable or a defective NIC card.

Figure 5-2. NIC Autotest

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Normal

: The NIC signal level is within specification.

5-2

Hub Autotest

Press (Hub Autotest) to verify the connectivity between the desktop and the Hub.

Hub Autotest checks the link pulse signal level and queries the NetWare and NetBIOS servers to determine

the Hub’s ability to send and receive frames. If successful, the Networ k Assistant displays the map that is identical to AutoTest (Figure 5-3).

NIC/Hub Tests

Introduction

Figure 5-3. Hub Autotest Display

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Viewing Hub Capabilities

When the Network Assistant is connected to a hub and has an active link state, press the Link label at the top of the display to see the polarity of the received data. If your Network Assistant has hardware revision 2.2 or later, you

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can also see the hub’s transmission speed and its ability to perform half or full-duplex communication or autonegotiation. To determine your hardware revision, press

from the top-level display.

If the polarity of the data on the cable’s receive pair is reversed, the cable on the Autotest display flashes.

NIC Detector

This test assists you in reclaiming unused hub ports. By looking at the LED status indicators on the hub you cannot determine whether a device is connected to the port or merely turned off. NIC Detector works by determining where there is any termination on the other end of the cable. If the Network Assistant detects an open cable, it will report that and the length of the cable.

Note

The device at the far end does not have to be powered up.

Locate a Hub port that you suspect is unused but that has a cable attached. Remove the cable from the Hub and connect the Network Assistant to it. Then run the NIC Detector test.

Press (NIC Detector) to determine if the device is attached at the far end of the cable. The NIC Detector display is shown in Figure 5-4.

5-4

Figure 5-4. NIC Detector

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Flash Hub Port

Press (Flash Hub Port) to locate where a particular link connects to a hub. Connect the Network Assistant to the link you want to locate. Press then select a flash rate (Figure 5-5). The Network Assistant sends either 1-second or 4-second link pulses

(Flash Hub Port),

that flash the LED on the hub, indicating the port that the Assistant is connected to.

Note that some hub port link lights have a very slow response time. The Flash Hub Port feature may not work with these devices.

Note

The Network Assistant will not automatically power off during Flash Hub Port.

NIC/Hub Tests

Introduction

Figure 5-5. Flash Hub Port Display

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5-6

Introduction

Connectivity Tests verify the IP or IPX connectivity between a specific resource or station and the Network Assistant. From the Network Assistant top-level display, press screen displays (Figure 6-1).

OneTouch Series II Pro features are provided on a trial basis. Read the online help in the OneTouch Link program for more information on enabling options. The following features are discussed in this chapter:

IP Trace Route IP & NetWare Ping Key Device Ping (Pro) ConfigMaster (Pro) Station Locator (Pro) Internetwork Throughput Option (Chapter 7)

(Connectivity Tests). The Connectivity Tests

Chapter 6

Connectivity Tests

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Figure 6-1. Connectivity Tests Display

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IP Trace Route

From the Connectivity Tests display, press (IP Trace Route) to access the Trace Route screen (Figure 6-2).

Enter a target address by pressing the Target IP Address

box and using the Keypad (see “Manually Entering Addresses” in Chapter 2). Press Route and view the results.

to perform the Trace

IP & NetWare Ping

From the Connectivity Tests display, press (IP & NetWare Ping) to access the IP Ping Tests or NetWare

Ping display (Figure 6-3). If you haven’t done so already, press addresses. You can enter addresses manually or use DHCP (read “Central Setup” in Chapter 2).

(IP Config) to configure the Network Assistant

Figure 6-2. IP Trace Route

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Figure 6-3. IP & NetWare Ping Display

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Connectivity Tests

Introduction

Press IP Ping or NetWare Ping as appropriate.

Entering IPX Addresses

From the Connectivity Tests display, press (IP & NetWare Ping), then press the (NetWare Ping) tab to access the NetWare Ping Configuration display (Figure 6-

4).

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Figure 6-4. NetWare Ping

The NetWare ping test requires only the IPX node address of the station you want to ping. If you want the Network Assistant to find the station’s network address, enter 00000000 as the network address. Press an address box to access the keypad for entering IPX addresses.

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Figure 6-5. IP Ping

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Conducting a Ping Station Test

After you have configured the appropriate IP address, you can set the frame length from the by pressing (Figure 6-5).

This sets the frame length of the ping packet between 64 and 1518 bytes. This is the total frame length.

Press Ping display (Figure 6-7) to start the test.

Figure 6-7 shows a sample IP Ping test results screen. Figure 6-8 shows an example of NetWare ping test results.

(Begin Pinging) from the IP Ping or NetWare

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Connectivity Tests

Introduction

Figure 6-6. IP and NetWare Ping

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Figure 6-7. IP Ping Results

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Figure 6-8. NetWare Ping Results

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If you have trouble making the IP Ping test work, verify that:

The Source IP Address is correct for this subnet. The Target station is active. The Router IP Address is correct.

If you have trouble making the NetWare Ping test work, verify that:

The station you are pinging has the Diagnostic

Responder loaded. The node address you entered is correct. The network address you entered (if used) is correct.

Key Device Ping

As part of your turn-on or repair procedures, you will need to verify connectivity to key network resources. Key Device Ping is a OneTouch Series II Pro option that enables you to rapidly verify the availability of important network devices. You can organize testing by business function (e.g., accounting, manufacturing, etc.), geographic locations (building 1, 2, etc.), device types (routers, servers, etc.), or other ways that fit your needs.

From the Connectivity Tests display, press Device Ping) to access the Key Devices display (Figure 6-9). After being added to the list, each device may be

(Key

activated or deactivated quickly using the selection box

on the right side of the list.

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Figure 6-9. Ping Key Devices

Press

(Add IP) to add an IP Address or

(Add IPX) to add an IPX address. The IP or NetWare Configuration (Figure 6-10) screen displays.

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Connectivity Tests

Introduction

Figure 6-10. IP Configuration

ace617s.bmp

When you press a address box the Edit Key Devices screen displays (Figure 6-11) and enables you to edit address information.

Figure 6-11. Edit Key Devices

ace616s.bmp

For IP, enter the IP address of the device. For IPX, you must enter the Node and Network addresses. After you enter the address, the Device Name box displays the name assigned to the device (if available from the Station List).

To edit an existing name or address of a device, press the box that contains the item you wish to edit and make

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Users Manual

the changes using the alphanumeric keypad (read

“Central Setup” in Chapter 2). The device name you assign is for the purposes of the Key Device Ping function. You can also modify the name of a list by pressing the List Name box.

Note

Renaming a device while using Key Device Ping does not modify the original name assigned to the device on the network (i.e., when the device is listed again under Station List, the original name will remain).

To begin pinging the addresses in Key Devices List, press (Begin Pinging). A series of bo xes displays showing the status of the ping for each Key List. Press a Key List box to see another series of boxes displaying ping status of each device in the list. Press

(Stop

Pinging) to stop this function.

Interpreting Ping Test Results

In general, Packets recv (packets received) should be at about 100%.

Be aware that some devices, including routers, prioritize ICMP ping packets lower than other traffic, so some packet loss can be expected.

When evaluating the ping results it is important to consider the path taken by the packets. Sometimes the problem may be with an intermediate link.

ConfigMaster

ConfigMaster is a OneTouch Series II Pro feature that provides network information you can use to properly configure a device. It lists NetBIOS, TCP/IP, and NetWare parameters (DNS, WINS, IP address range, subnet mask, default gateway, POP3 server, frame type, etc.). These parameters correspond to the Network Properties in Microsoft Windows and to certain e-mail settings. One or more of the following will be listed:

IP subnet(s)

IP address range for each subnet

Subnet mask

Default gateway

DNS server

WINS server

From the Connectivity Tests display, press

(ConfigMaster) to access the ConfigMaster tabular display (F igure 6-12). Each Active Key List box can contain five device addresses. Press one of the tabs (NetBIOS, TCP/IP, or NetWare) to display the appropriate parameters as described below.

POP3 server

SMTP server

HTTP server

NetBIOS domain

Frame type

IPX network number

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NetBIOS – The top two domains or workgroups, based on the number of stations, are listed along with the transport protocol used by the stations in that domain.

NetWare – The nearest file server is listed. This is a server that responded to the “Get Nearest Server” request. The network number and frame type are also listed.

TCP/IP – Up to two devices in each category are listed. For subnets, the two most predominant are listed.

Connectivity Tests

Introduction

Figure 6-12. ConfigMaster

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Station Locator

Station Locator is a OneTouch Series II Pro feature that determines the switch and switch port where a station is connected. It does this by searching for the MAC address of the station in the forwarding tables contained in the switch. Station Locator then displays pertinent switch status and configuration information with port identification and the location of a suspect station.

From the Connectivity Tests display, press

(Station Locator) to access the Station Locator tabular display (Figure 6-13) then the Find MAC or Find IP tab.

If you haven’t done so already, press (IP Config) to configure the Network Assistant addresses. You can enter addresses manually or use DHCP (read “Central Setup” in Chapter 2).

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Figure 6-13. Station Locator

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Find MAC

Enter the Target MAC address by pressing the address box and using the keypad. The lookup is then performed using the MAC address after you press (Find).

Connectivity Tests

Introduction

Find IP

Enter the Target IP by pressing the address box and using the keypad. Press address, the Network Assistant first tries to determine the MAC address of that station before performing the search. The actual search is performed using the MAC address. Although the IP address does not have to be on the same subnet as the Network Assistant, it does need to be on the local segment. It can determine the MAC address of the IP station only if it is on the local segment.

(Find). If you enter an IP

Mode of Operation

Before Station Locator can search for a MAC address, it must first find all the switches on the network. Switch Discovery is performed automatically during the discovery process. When you run Station Locator, the Network Assistant searches the forwarding tables of each switch that it has discovered. It searches the Bridge MIB and

some switches’ private MIBs to get the port information. In order for switch discovery to work properly, the

Network Assistant needs to know the community string of the switches. You can configure the community strings in the SNMP Config menu (read “SNMP” earlier in this chapter). If you change or add community strings, you can rerun Autotest or Network Health so the Network Assistant will use the new community strings.

Results

The Network Assistant reports all switches that have the target MAC address in their forwarding tables. The target MAC address may appear in more than one switch. This can happen in a switch hierarchy environment. When a station on one switch communicates with a station on another switch, the MAC address of each station will appear in the forwarding tables of each switch.

The Network Assistant does not attempt to determine the switch to which the station is directly connected. To determine the switch to which the station is directly connected, you need to be familiar with switch hierarchy. If you can recognize the description or port number as an uplink port, then you can deduce that the station is not directly connected to that switch.

For each switch discovered, the following information is presented:

Name – SNMP name of the switch

IP – IP address of the switch

MAC – MAC address of the switch

Mfr - Manufacturer and model

Port – The port number on which the MAC address was found. Some switches encode the slot and port number into the port number. For example, a switch may represent slot 10/port 3 with a port value of

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1003. Typically, if a switch does not have slots but looks like a hub, the port number will represent the actual port on the unit.

Port Info – The interface description for the given port. Port Information is the textual description of the port on which the MAC address was found. This description is either the interface description of the port or a string constructed from the port information collected from the private MIB of the switch.

Figure 6-14 is a sample of the information provided by Station Locator.

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Figure 6-14. Station Locator Information

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Chapter 7

ITO – Internetwork Throughput Option

Introduction

The Internetwork Throughput Option (ITO) is a Fluke OneTouch Series II Network Assistant software option that is used to test enterprise-wide throughput or to

evaluate line capacity. ITO’s counterpart, xDSL, verifies the operation of digital subscriber lines.

ITO and xDSL throughput tests are identical in theory of operation and will be described in tandem in this chapter. The two options have different Fluke OneTouch hardware revision and software version requirements and use different terminology to reference their technology. Table 7-1 shows common terminology for ITO with its xDSL equivalent.

ITO/xDSL consists of two components: Throughput Test – double ended test of network

bandwidth which requires two OneTouch Series II Network Assista nts.

Traffic Generator - tests traffic load capacity.

Table 7-1. ITO and xDSL Terminology

ITO Term xDSL Equivalent

Local Unit ATU-R Unit

Subscriber-end Unit

Remote Unit ATU-C Unit

Central Office Unit

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ITO/xDSL Throughput Test

The following functions are covered in the Throughput section

Theory of Operation Configuring the Remote Unit Local Unit Connections Configuring the Local Unit Results Displayed During the Test Final Test Results

ITO/xDSL Theory of Operation

The ITO Throughput test refers to these two units as the local and remote units and the xDSL Throughput test refers to these two units as the subscriber-end unit (ATUR) and the central office unit (ATU-C), respectively. Both options are double-ended tests of bandwidth which require two Fluke OneTouch Series II units to execute the test. Figure 7-1 shows the relationship between the local unit (ATU-R unit, for xDSL) and the remote unit (ATU-C unit, for xDSL).

For the ITO Throughput test both units must have software version 4.50, or later. Only the local unit must have the ITO option enabled.

xDSL option is not required. The subscriber-end unit (ATU-R unit) must have software version 4.50, or later and must have the xDSL option enabled.

Read the

Started Manual

program online help for more information on enabling options.

OneTouch Series II Network Assistant Getting

(P/N 1595893) and the OneTouch Link

Note

For the best operation, it is recommended that

you update all of your Network Assistants’ xDSL software version 4.50, or later.

For the ITO Throughput test, a second, unattended Network Assistant (the remote unit) is used as a remote traffic source. For the xDSL Throughput test, a second, unattended Network Assistant (the ATU-C unit) is used as a remote traffic source. The subscriber-end unit (ATU-R for xDSL) is used to configure the test, execute the test, and display the test results.

For the xDSL Throughput test, the central office unit (ATU-C) must have software version 4.50 or later but the

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ITO – Internetwork Throughput Option

Introduction

Remote

(ATU-C)

Unattended

Network

Assistant

Ethernet Network

Ethernet

Network

WAN

Local (ATU-R) Network

Assistant

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Figure 7-1. Local and Remote Units

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Basic Operation

For the ITO and xDSL Throughput Tests, starting the test causes the following actions:

1. The local unit (ATU-R for xDSL) sends an ARP request to the remote unit (ATU-C for xDSL) specified in its Remote IP Address (Target ATU-C IP in xDSL) and waits for a response to that request.

2. After the ARP response is received, the local unit (ATU-R for xDSL) requests the remote unit (ATU-C

for xDSL) to generate traffic using the local unit’s (ATU-R for xDSL) user-configured duration, data pattern, rate, and frame length. The local unit (ATU-R for xDSL) waits for the remote unit (ATU-C for xDSL) to acknowledge the receipt of the traffic generation request.

The number of frames per second for the upstream and downstream bit rates is also calculated and displayed. The Ethernet preamble and inter-frame gap are used in this calculation and the number of frames per second is rounded up.

3. After the remote unit (ATU-C for xDSL) acknowledges the receipt of the traffic generation request, both units zero their counters and setup for

tracking the number of packets received from the other unit. Then, both units generate the userconfigured traffic for the specified duration. The traffic generated is IP level data-grams, which allows routing. Both units transmit traffic simultaneously.

4. After the user-configured duration, the local unit (ATU-R for xDSL) requests the remote unit (ATU-C for xDSL) to send the number of packets counted from the local unit (ATU-R for xDSL). Knowing the number of packets sent and received from the remote (ATU-C for xDSL) and itself, the local unit (ATU-R for xDSL) calculates and displays the results.

Conducting a Throughput Test

The Throughput Test is part of the Internetwork Throughput Option (ITO) or xDSL. The Throughput Test is a double-ended test of line or network bandwidth that requires two Network Assistants. After configuring each unit, you connect the remote and local units to your network in locations that allow you to test between the two units. Figure 7-2 shows the relationship between the local unit (ATU-R unit, for xDSL) and remote (A, B, C, or D) units (ATU-C unit, for xDSL). Figure 7-3 shows the equivalent connections for xDSL.

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ITO – Internetwork Throughput Option

Introduction

Router

Switch or Router

Hub

Network

WAN

Assistant

Switch or Router

Figure 7-2. ITO Local Unit and Possible Remote Unit Locations (A, B, C, or D)

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External Network/

Internet Service

Providers

Existing Telephone Line

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Enet

Router

Enet

Switch

Central Office Network

Installation Assistant

Central Office

xDSL

Modem

Figure 7-3. xDSL Test Connections

xDSL

Modem

Subscribers

Computer

Network

Installation Assistant

Subscriber's Location

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ITO – Internetwork Throughput Option

Introduction

The test allows Ethernet to Ethernet testing of any link. A link can be wireless, routed, transparent LAN service, or asymmetric service (such as xDSL or cable modems).

The ITO Throughput test requires both units to have software version 4.50, or later. Only the local unit must

have the ITO option enabled. Read “Determining and Installing Software” in the

Started Manual

The following are some of the possible ways to use the Throughput Test:

Test end-to-end WAN/LAN throughput

Test pattern, frame size, or rate sensitivity for network devices such as modems, FRADS, hubs, switches, or routers.

Compare your current WAN capacity to a Service Level Agreement (SLA).

Test or evaluate equipment on the bench

for more information.

OneTouch Series II Getting

Connecting and configuring the Remote Unit

All you have to do with the remote (ATU-C Central Office unit for xDSL) Network Assistant is to connect its AC adapter, connect it to the network, and enter and set its IP address as described in Chapter 6. Figure 7-5 shows the connections for xDSL.

Once a valid IP address is set, manually or through DHCP, the remote unit is designed to remain unattended and to respond to any local unit’s request to participate in the testing. The Remote IP Address parameter on the local unit must be configured with the remote unit’s source IP address.

Connecting and configuring the Local Unit

At the local (subscriber-end for xDSL) end, connect a Network Assistant to the desired segment. Figure 7-5 shows a sample connection. For xDSL, connect the Network Assistant to the Ethernet port on the xDSL modem. Figure 7-6 shows a sample connection for xDSL.

To configure Network Assistant at the local end, press display then press Option). If you are using the xDSL option, press (xDSL Test) from the top-level display then press the Throughput tab. Enter in the Remote IP field the IP address of the Local (Subscriber) end in the Throughput Test Configuration display (Figure 7-4).

(Connectivity Tests) from the top-level

(Internetwork Throughput

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1 2

Note

For xDSL, the central office unit only requires you to

enter an IP address. If the Network Assistant’s Source IP Address is not set correctly for the network segment that it will be attached to, you must set it prior to performing any tests.

Figure 7-4. Local Unit Configuration Display for

Throughput Test

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Internet Service Provider

ITO – Internetwork Throughput Option

Introduction

External Corporate Network

Router

Installation

Ethernet Switches

Assistant

CO Unit

Figure 7-5. xDSL Central Office (Remote) Connections

xDSL ATU-C

Modem Bank

Alternate CO

Connection

Subscriber

Lines

POTS

Splitters

Public Switched Telephone Network

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7-10

Subscriber

Lines

POTS

Telephone

Splitter

Computer or Network Connection

Figure 7-6. xDSL Subscriber-end Connections

xDSL Modem

Ethernet Port

Personal Computer

Business Network

Installation Assistant

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ITO – Internetwork Throughput Option

Introduction

Remote IP Address

IP Config

Duration

Data PRBS

Enter the source IP address of the Network Assistant at the remote end by pressing the Remote IP Address box. For xDSL, enter the Target IP ATU-C Address. Enter the address with the keypad then press

Enables you to enter the IP address for the local (this) unit. Select the method for configuring the IP Address (Manual or DHCP). See Chapters 2 and 6 for more information.

Select 2, 10, 30, 60, 120 or 300 seconds, 1 hr, 12 hrs, or 18hrs as the duration of the test.

Select to send all zeros (All 0s), all ones (All 1s), alternating ones and zeros (Alt 1/0), or a Pseudo-Random Bit Sequence (PRBS). The PRBS pattern simulates normal data traffic.

Speed

Select from the following upstream (to remote unit or central office for xDSL) and downstream (from remote unit) speeds to be tested:

ITO Speed Parameters

ISDN 128 Kbps, T1 1.544 Mbps, E1 2.048 Mbps, and 1 Mbps/1 Mbps

XDSL Speed Parameters

ANSI Asymmetrical Rates: 64

Kbps/1.5 Mbps, 160 Kbps/3 Mbps, 384 Kbps/4.6 Mbps, 640 Kbps/6 Mbps, 1 Mbps/1 Mbps.

Auto: Tests a range of speeds to determine the operating speed of RADSL modems. The following additional icons are displayed:

Select the lowest speed

Start at

for the range of downstream rates to be tested.

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Stop at

Upstream

Incr by

Select the highest speed for the range of downstream rates to be tested.

Select the speed of the upstream traffic generated during the test.

Select the increment size of the downstream speeds within the range you defined with the Start at and Stop at selections. The test increments the downstream speed and continues testing only if the channel passes 95% of the transmitted data at the current speed.

User 1 and User 2: Allows you to define your own upstream and downstream rates.

The total upstream and downstream rates must not exceed the values listed below:

10 Mb

Frame Size Max Bps

64 37Mbps 128 64Mbps 256 78Mbps 512 87Mbps

768 87Mbps 1024 91Mbps 1280 93Mbps 1518 85Mbps

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100 Mb

Frame Size Max Bps

64 32.8Mbps 128 65.5Mbps 256 75.8Mbps 512 86.0Mbps 768 86.0Mbps 1024 90.1Mbps 1280 92.2Mbps 1518 85.0Mbps

ITO – Internetwork Throughput Option

Introduction

Frm Len

Run Test

Select from the following RFC 1242 frame sizes: 64, 128, 256, 512, 768, 1024, 1280, and 1518 bytes.

After entering the above parameters, press Run Test to start the test.

Results Displayed During the Throughput Test

While the Throughput Test is running, the display (Figure 7-7) shows the elapsed test time, current network utilization (the meter), and the test parameters that were selected on the Throughput Test configuration display. The needle indicator on the Utilization meter shows total network utilization, which includes both the generated traffic and any other traffic present on the network.

Figure 7-7. ITO Results Shown During the Test

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Final Test Results

When Throughput Test is complete, the Network Assistant displays the final results. Figure 7-8 shows an example of final Throughput Test results screen, which includes the following information:

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1. The first four items show the upstream and downstream test speeds (Speed), the durat ion of the test (Duration), the frame length (Frm Len), and the data pattern (Pattern) as selected on the Throughput Test configuration display.

2. The Upstream and Downstream rates show the actual data upstream and downstream transmission rates used during this Throughput Test excluding the Ethernet overhead of preamble and inter-frame gap. The number of frames (# Frms) shows the number of frames successfully transmitted and the percentage of successful transmissions. The number of frames lost (# Lost) shows the number of frames lost during transmission.

3. The bottom of the display shows the addresses used for the local unit (This IP or ATU-R IP for xDSL), the unit at the remote end (Rmt IP or ATU-C IP for xDSL), and the router (Routr IP -- if any).

4. Hops are the number of routers (hops) between the remote unit and the local unit.

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Figure 7-8. Final ITO Throughput Test Results

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ITO – Internetwork Throughput Option

Introduction

ITO/xDSL Traffic Generator

Traffic Generator lets you generate network traffic to see how your network responds to varying traffic loads. Traffic Generator is available in trial mode. Read the

Network Assistant Getting Started Manual

and the OneTouch Link program online help for more information on enabling options.

The following Traffic Generator modes are available and are covered in this section:

MAC Mode IP Mode Ping Mode

The following are some of the possible ways to use Traffic Generator in MAC or IP mode:

Test for errors on a segment by loading it to a

predetermined level of traffic Test network error reporting by generating bad

frames (such as short or jabber frames) Test single ended throughput by monitoring with a

remote device Verify router/switch/probe RMON and SNMP

interface statistics Simulate additional users on a LAN

OneTouch

(P/N 1279870)

The following are some of the possible ways to use Traffic Generator in Ping mode:

Verify that a drop-to-network connection can pass a

high rate of traffic without having to do a cable test

Identify bottlenecks by successively pinging devices

along the suspect path Stress a targeted PC with network activity Test WAN/LAN’s two way throughput using a single

Network Assista nt Test symmetrical throughput of WAN links

XCaution

Traffic Generator can generate enough traffic to

saturate a 10 MB or 100 Mb Ethernet network.

Take care when using Traffic Generator.

Figure 7-9 shows the Traffic Generator setup display.

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1. Rate indicates the current Traffic Generator bit rate excluding the Ethernet overhead of preamble and inter-frame gap.

2. Use the arrow icons to set the number of frames transmitted per second.

3. Use the arrow icons to set the frame length.

Figure 7-9. Traffic Generator Setup Display

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4. Select the Frame Type as MAC (Media Access Control), IP, or PING. Refer to the following sections on Traffic Generator modes for more information.

5. Select Broadcast (only available for a Frame Type of MAC) to transmit traffic as broadcast or do not select it to transmit traffic as unicast.

If you selected a Frame Type of IP or PING, the Broadcast selection changes to Target IP Address allowing you to specify an IP address by pressing the box and then entering the address from the displayed keypad.

6. Press

(Start Traffic) to start generating traffic.

Press (Stop Traffic) to stop the Traffic Generator.

ITO – Internetwork Throughput Option

Introduction

MAC Mode

Traffic Generator’s MAC mode allows you to transmit traffic on the local segment. You can transmit unicast or broadcast packets.

To run Traffic Generator in the MAC mode, do the following:

1. Connect the Network Assistant to your network.

2. Press display. For xDSL, press top-level display then press the Traffic Generator tab.

3. Press

4. Press or to configure Frames/second.

5. Press 64, 128, 256, 512, 768, 1024, 1280, 1518, or 1520 bytes.

6. Select MAC as the frame type.

7. Select Broadcast if you want Traffic Generator to transmit broadcast traffic. Otherwise the transmitted traffic is unicast to 00c017310000 (Fluke - 310000), which is an unused MAC address.

( Connectivity Tests) from the top-level

(xDSL Test) from the

(Traffic Generator).

or to configure Frame Length as 60,

8. Press Press

Generator.

(Start Traffic) to start generating traffic.

(Stop Traffic) to stop the Traffic

IP Mode

Traffic Generator’s IP mode allows you to transmit traffic to a specific device or network. The target device can be on the other side of a router.

To run Traffic Generator in the IP mode, do the following:

1. Connect the Network Assistant to your network.

2. Press display.

3. Press (Internetwork Throughput Option)

4. Press the (Traffic Gen) tab. For xDSL, press (xDSL Test) from the top-level display then press the Traffic Generator tab. The Traffic Generator screen displays.

5. Press

6. Press 64, 128, 256, 512, 768, 1024, 1280, 1518, or 1520 bytes.

(Connectivity Tests) from the top-level

or to configure Frames/second.

or to configure Frame Length as 60,

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Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual