B.2 Bill of Materials ............................................................................................B-1
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Introduction
General Information
1
Section 1
Introduction
1.1 General Description
The 960SF Scaler Module accumulates pulses from a remote radiation detector. The pulses are available
upon request from the associated controller. The discriminator permits adjustment of the scaler output to
eliminate the effects of extraneous input pulses or to select an input signal representing a single isotope.
The high voltage supply for energizing the remote detector is controlled by signals from the controller. The
controller can also select a digital signal representative of anyone of up to four separate analog input
signals.
An analog output signal representing the radiation level is provided. The scaler also provides up to six
digital output signals in response to the appropriate commands from the controller module. Figure 2-1 is a
block diagram of the scaler.
The module also provides an upper and lower discriminator adjustment for the input pulses. There are
four indicator lamps. They are controlled by the associated controller and are labeled ALARM, WARN,
ACK/FAIL, and CHECK SOURCE. The last two ACK/FAIL and CHECK SOURCE are lamp/pushbuttons
that communicate back to the controller.
A HIGH VOLTAGE adjustment provides the operator control over the remote detector high voltage
supply. A TEST INPUT jack and a TEST/NORM switch allows selection of a simulated detector input
signal for module testing.
1.2 Application
The scaler module is used in VICTOREEN 960 series digital radiation monitoring systems. The scaler is
compatible with both the 960MB and the 961MB motherboard bus structure.
1.3 Components
The scaler module contains the following basic components:
• Counter (18 bits)
• Relay drivers (6)
• Lamp drivers (6)
• Analog input (4)
• Switch inputs (C/S, ACK)
• Analog output (4-20 mA)
Options: 0-10 mV, 0-50 mV,
0-1 V, 0-5 V, and 0-10 V
• Signal select switch (TEST/NORM)
• Anti-jam board (960AJ)
• Automatic HV shutdown circuit
• Adjustable High Voltage
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Victoreen 960SF-220,221,230,231
Operators Manual
• Test Input
1.4 Specifications
General specifications for the scaler are listed below. The Scaler Module is rated for nuclear safetyrelated applications and any repairs made to the nuclear rated module will void the safety-related rating.
The module (Series 960SF-200) must be returned to the factory for authorized, qualified (ANSI 45.2.6,
1978,Skill Level II) service.
Dimensions (W x H) 7.5 x 11.5 in (29.2 x 19.1 cm)
Weight 1 lb 7 oz (0.64 kg)
Operating Temperature 32°F to 122°F (0°C to 50°C)
Relative Humidity 0 to 95% non-condensing
Power +5 V @ 600 mA, +15 V @ 350 mA, -15 V @ 100 mA
Address Lines A0, A1, & A2
Control and Timing R/W, SHORT 02, & DS
Data Bus 8-bit bi-directional D0 through D7
Analog Inputs Four analog inputs 0 to +10 V
Analog Outputs Standard 4 to 20 mA (500 Ω maximum load)
Relay Drivers Six 24 VDC relay drivers used to drive 961RE-200-10 or 961RE-210-10
Relay Modules
Lamp Drivers Four lamp drivers for ALARM, WARN FAIL, CHECK SOURCE (C/S)
Switch Inputs Two switch inputs for CHECK SOURCE (C/S) and ACKNOWLEDGE
(ACK)
High Voltage Power Supply Adjustable 400 to 1800 VDC @ 1 mA maximum for detector HV Model
960SF-231, adjustable -400 VDC to -1800 VDC @ 1 mA
Discriminator Two selectable thresholds (upper and lower discriminator)
Test/Normal Switch Switch selectable between test signal and detector input
Pulse Out (J7) Buffered signal output to be used by the analyzer
Anti-jam On board circuit to detect jam condition causing a bit to be set at a
register
HV Shutdown High voltage shutdown circuit enables automatic shutdown of high
voltage by the controller. LED in front panel also lights up
HV Test Point Accuracy Front panel test point available to measure HV value at ratio of 300:1 +/2%
Table 1-1. Model Descriptions
Model No. High Voltage Analog Inputs (4) Analog Output (1)
960SF-220 Positive Yes Yes Yes
960SF-221 Positive No Yes Yes
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24 V Solid State Relay Outputs
(6)
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Introduction
Specifications
960SF-230 Negative Yes Yes Yes
960SF-231 Negative No Yes Yes
1.5 Receiving Inspection and Storage
Receiving Inspection
Upon receipt of the unit:
1. Inspect the carton(s) and contents for damage. If damage is evident, file a claim with the carrier and
notify Fluke Biomedical, Radiation Management Services at 440.248.9300.
2. Remove the contents from the packing material.
3. Verify that all items listed on the packing list have been received and are in good condition.
1
NOTE
If any of the listed Items are missing or damaged,
notify Fluke Biomedical.
Storage
Storage of Victoreen instruments must comply with Level B storage requirements as outlined in ANSI
N45.2.2 (1972) Section 6.1.2 (.2). The storage area shall comply with ANSI N45.2.2 (1972) Section 6.2
Storage Area, Paragraphs 6.2.1 through 6.2.5. Housekeeping shall conform to ANSI N45.2.3 (1972).
Level B components shall be stored within a fire resistant, tear resistant, weather tight enclosure, in a
well-ventilated building or equivalent.
Storage of Victoreen instruments must comply with the following:
1. Inspection and examination of items in storage must be in accordance with ANSI N45.2.2 (1972)
Section 6.4.1.
2. Requirements for proper storage must be documented and written procedures or instructions must
be established.
3. In the event of fire, post-fire evaluation must be in accordance with ANSI N45.2.2 (1972), Section
6.4.3.
4. Removal of items from storage must be in accordance with ANSI N45.2.2 (1972), Sections 6.5 and
6.6.
1.6 Installation
The 960SF Scaler Module is supplied as part of a Radiation Monitoring System (RMS) or as a
replacement part for an existing RMS. When the module is shipped as part of a system, it is installed as
part of the RMS at the factory.
When a module is shipped as a replacement part, verify that jumper addresses and PROMs are in the
same configuration as the module that is being replaced.
1.7 Procedures, Warnings, and Cautions
The equipment described in this manual is intended to be used for the detection and measurement of
ionizing radiation. It should be used only by persons who have been trained in the proper interpretation of
its readings and the appropriate safety procedures to be followed in the presence of radiation.
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Victoreen 960SF-220,221,230,231
Operators Manual
Although the equipment described in this manual is designed and manufactured in compliance with all
applicable safety standards, certain hazards are inherent in the use of electronic and radiometric
equipment.
WARNINGS and CAUTIONS are presented throughout this document to alert the user to potentially
hazardous situations. A WARNING is a precautionary message preceding an operation that has the
potential to cause personal injury or death. A CAUTION is a precautionary message preceding an
operation that has the potential to cause permanent damage to the equipment and/or loss of data.
Failure to comply with WARNINGS and CAUTIONS is at the user's own risk and is sufficient cause to
terminate the warranty agreement between Fluke Biomedical and the customer.
Adequate warnings are included in this manual and on the product itself to cover hazards that may be
encountered in normal use and servicing of this equipment. No other procedures are warranted by Fluke
Biomedical. It shall be the owner’s or user's responsibility to see to it that the procedures described here
are meticulously followed, and especially that WARNINGS and CAUTIONS are heeded. Failure on the
part of the owner or user in any way to follow the prescribed procedures shall absolve Fluke Biomedical
and its agents from any resulting liability.
Indicated battery and other operational tests must be performed prior to each use to assure that the
instrument is functioning properly. If applicable, failure to conduct periodic performance tests in
accordance with ANSI N323-1978 (R1983) Radiation Protection Instrumentation Test and Calibration,
paragraphs 4.6 and 5.4, and to keep records thereof in accordance with paragraph 4.5 of the same
standard, could result in erroneous readings or potential danger. ANSI N323-1978 becomes, by this
reference, a part of this operating procedure.
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Theory of Operation
Theory of Operation
2
Section 2
Theory of Operation
2.1 Theory of Operation
During the following discussion, refer to block diagram, Figure 2-1, and the schematic diagrams in
Appendix B.
2.2 Detector Input Circuitry
Connector J5 is the detector signal input. Input impedance is 50 ohms to match the signal cable and the
detector's output impedance. The input signal is a pulse train that could be positive or negative depending
upon the detector used. Z5 is a unity gain differential amplifier with single ended output whose output is
fed into signal multiplexer Z6. Z6 selects detector input or test input, depending on the setting of the test
switch. The signal is then fed into the discriminator.
2.3 Discriminator
The function of the discriminator is to provide clock pulses to the counter, for those pulses which peak
between the LOW DISC and HIGH DISC threshold levels. The LOW DISC threshold is adjusted with
potentiometer R3 and measured at TP2. The HIGH DISC threshold is adjusted with potentiometer R2 and
is measured at TP1. When the signal level goes above LOW DISC threshold, Z7 pin 6 will go low. The
first half of flip-flop Z19 clocks and then latch. When the signal goes below LOW DISC threshold, Z7 pin 6
return to a high state. This will provide a clock pulse into the second half flip-flop of Z19. Z19 pin 8 will
goes low and CLOCK is active (high). The clock is fed to the counter circuit.
If the signal level goes above the HIGH DISC threshold, Z7 pin 1 will go low. This will reset the first flipflop. When the signal goes below the LOW DISC threshold, the second flip-flop is clocked keeping Z19
pin 8 high. Therefore Z22 pin 8 is low inactive and this pulse is not counted.
2.4 Counters
The CLOCK pulse from Z22 is inverted by inverting Schmidt trigger Z21. Z21 provides a negative going
clock pulse for Z24. Z24, Z25, and Z26 are 16-bit dual module counters. Bits 1 through 8 are from Z24.
Z25 contains bits 9 through 16 and Z26 pins 3 and 4 are bits 17 and 18 respectively. Bit 18 is a stop bit
that causes the CLOCK to stay low and is also provided to register 3 to indicate overrange. The output of
the counters are input to registers 0, 1, and 3 and are available to the bus upon READ 0, READ 1, or
READ 3 control signals. Register 0, 1, and 3 are read only registers.
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Victoreen 960SF-220,221,230,231
Operators Manual
2.5 Address Decoding Circuits
Device selection is set by a jumping option on SW1 or SW2. Input signals for decoding are DS, 02, R/W,
A0, A 1, and A2. These input signals are inverted through Z36 and Z37 and fed into Z27 and Z28 that are
decoders. Z27 decodes for READ ONLY registers and Z28 decodes for WRITE ONLY registers. The
decoding scheme is shown in Table 2-1.
Table 2-1. Address Decoding
A2 A1 A0 R/W DS Function Enable Signal
0 0 0 1 1
0 0 1 1 1
0 1 0 1 1 A/D UPPER BITS READ 2
0 1 1 1 1 SCALER STATUS READ 3
1 0 0 1 1 A/D LOWER 4 BITS READ 4
0 0 0 0 1 RELAYS WRITE 0
0 0 1 0 1 SCALER CONTORL WRITE 1
0 1 0 0 1 LAMPS WRITE 2
0 1 1 0 1 D/A CONVERTER WRITE 3
1 0 0 0 1 MPU RESET WRITE 4
x x x 0 1 - WRITE
x x x 1 1 - READ
COUNTER HIGH
BYTE
COUNTER LOW
BYTE
READ 0
READ 1
2.6 Bus Transceivers
Z31 and Z30 are data bus transceivers transferring data from the scaler to the external data bus when
READ is active (high) and from the external data bus to the scale when WRITE is active (low).
2.7 Lamp Drivers
Z32 is a WRITE only register used for lamps. It clocks the data in when WRITE 2 is active (low). Z23 is a
Darlington array driving the front panel ALARM, WARN, and FAIL lamps. The FAIL lamp is handled
through watchdog timer Z38 that is set for 5 seconds. If the fail light is not written to every 5 seconds or
sooner, it will go off to indicate failure and also provide a pulse to watchdog pin 72 on J1.
2.8 Relay Drivers
Z29 is a WRITE only register used for relays. It clocks data in when WRITE 0 is active (low). Z18 is a
Darlington array capable of switching +24 VDC at up to 150 mA with all outputs
CHECK SOURCE is a front panel momentary switch which, when pressed, causes the check source in
the detector to move in front of the detector. The ACK/FAIL switch is a momentary switch used to
acknowledge an alarm or warn condition. When the microprocessor flags an out-of-limits operating
condition, the operator can press the ACK/FAIL pushbutton to acknowledge the alarm. Since the out-of-limits conditions which can be acknowledged by the microprocessor are firmware dependent, refer to the
operation section of the system manual to find out the additional alarms, other than WARN and ALARM,
that the ACK/FAIL pushbutton is used to acknowledge.
There are four indicator lights, controlled by the associated controller labeled ALARM, WARN, ACK/FAIL,
and CHECK SOURCE. The ACK/FAIL and CHECK SOURCE indicators are also pushbuttons and
provide a way to communicate with the controller. A HIGH VOLTAGE adjustment provides operator
control over the remote detector high voltage supply from the module. A TEST INPUT jack and an
associated TEST/NORM switch permits selection of a simulated detector signal for testing the module.
Normally the C/S Flip-Flop-flop is reset and the CHECK SET signal is low. When an operator pushes
SW4, he sets the C/S flip-flop and the CHECK SET signal becomes high (active) to cause the C/S
reading. FAIL SET will become active (high) if SW3 is pushed because the FAIL Flip-Flop is set.
2.10 Analog Inputs
This description applies only for the 960SF-220-10 Scaler and the 960SF-230-10 Scaler. There are four
0-10 V analog inputs that are converted to digital. These four analog signals are multiplexed by Z17 and
the signal to be converted is picked by decoding D0 and D1. CH2 (SIGNAL 2) is an optional high voltage
monitor-using jumper W15. Z8 is a 12-bit converter. Z9 and Z10 are READ ONLY registers. Digital data is
clocked into Z9 and Z10 upon end of conversion. They are read when READ 2 and READ 4 are active
(low) respectively.
2.11 Analog Output
Z11 is an 8-bit D/A converter and latches input data when WRITE 3 is active (high). R126 is ZERO
ADJUST and R127 is GAIN ADJUST. R126 sets the low limit and R127 sets the upper limit of the output.
DAC output goes into the input of Z2. Z2, Z3, and associated circuitry comprise the 4-20 mA analog
output. Feedback divider R23 and R24 insure load independent output to a maximum load impedance of
500 Ω.
2.12 High Voltage Power Supply
The scaler provides an adjustable high voltage power supply of 400 to 1800 V at 1 mA. R8 is the HIGH
VOLTAGE ADJUST driving Z4 that drives Q7. Q7drives the oscillator circuitry Q6, Q4 and T1 that
generates high voltage pulses rectified by bridge CR5, CR6, CR8, and CR9. This high voltage is divided
by a ratio of 300:1, then buffered by voltage follower Z39 that is fed back to the input of Z4 as feedback
for regulation. TP3 is the test point used to measure the scaled down voltage value. There is also an
ERROR input originated by an americium regulator (separate optional external module) that is fed into the
high voltage circuit at Z4 pin 3 to regulate high voltage when system gain needs to be changed. 960SF230 and 960SF-231 are configured for negative high voltage output.
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Theory of Operation
High Voltage Shut Down
2
2.13 High Voltage Shut Down
The microprocessor can generate, under overrange or jam conditions, a command to shut the high
voltage down. When the SHUT DOWN signal goes high, Q3 turns on, Q5 turns on and Z4 pin 2 will be
forced into about 4.5 V potential.
This will cause Z4 pin 6 to become positive, Q7 to turn off and high voltage to turn off. Model 960SF-231
provides negative high voltage and does not utilize transistor Q3, a jumper is provided from the base to
the collector of the Q3 position on the circuit board.
2.14 Anti-Jam Printed Circuit Board
The anti-jam condition is detected when a pulse pile up condition exists. Discriminator output is fed into a
comparator after integration.
Integration is determined by R7*C2 with a one millisecond time constant. Z2 is the comparator and
compares the integrated voltage to the threshold set by R6. When the duty cycle exceeds a preset value,
the output of Z2 pin 1 will go high. This will trigger Z1 to go into a latch up condition that will cause Z1 pin
4 to stay high. This condition will turn Q2 and Q3 on which will cause the following to occur:
1. The jam bit will go high to indicate a "jam" condition.
2. Fuse F1 will blow causing the input of F1 permanently to stay low, which keeps the jam bit high
(active).
There is a start-up delay of ½ second to allow the high voltage to stabilize upon power up of the monitor.
The associated controller module also has access to this to allow the controller to reset the anti-jam
circuit. This delay is caused by the time constant of R13*C4. When the scaler is used with a scintillation
detector, jumper W1 is connected between pins B and C. If a GM detector is in use, W1 is jumpered
between pins A and B on the module.
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Operators Manual
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Maintenance, Calibration and Troubleshooting
Maintenance
Section 3
Maintenance, Calibration and Troubleshooting
3.1 Maintenance
No periodic maintenance is required for the module.
3
If a maintenance question arises and cannot be
resolved by using this manual, please contact the
Fluke Biomedical at 440.248.9300 for assistance.
NOTE
3.2 Calibration
The 960SF-220, 960SF-221, 960SF-230 and 960SF-231 modules do not require any calibration.
3.3 Troubleshooting
Extreme care must be used when troubleshooting a
system that has power applied. All standard
troubleshooting precautions apply.
Once a problem has been located, remove all
power before continuing with the repair.
Personnel performing the following procedure must
be familiar with the operation of the monitoring
system and the location of each piece of equipment
used in the system.
If a problem develops, verify that the voltages at connection point inputs and outputs are present and that
all wiring is secure. Refer to Appendix B for drawings.
WARNING
WARNING
CAUTION
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Victoreen 960SF-220,221,230,231
Operators Manual
The 960SF-220, 960SF-221, 960SF-230, and 960SF-231 Scaler Modules must be returned to the factory
for service if troubleshooting of the module is necessary.
NOTE
If a problem cannot be resolved by using the
drawings In Appendix B while applying the
troubleshooting Instructions found in this manual,
please contact Cardinal
Health for assistance.
W10 A-B D1 enable sig. on PRAM 960SF-220/221/230/231
B-C +5 V to enable RAM -
W11 A-B +5 V to enable RAM -
B-C D0 enable signal 960SF-220/221/230/231
W9 A-B
B-C
J5 Conductor B
Conductor A
W12 A-B
B-C
W13 - Not Used
W14 - Not Used
To digitize 300:1 HV on
Flow input 2
Positive input signal from
detector. (GM)
Negative input signal from
detectors (Scintillation)
Positive input from
detectors (GM)
Negative input from
detectors (Scintillators)
Presence for Flow input or
analog output.
Indicates no Flow input or
analog output.