Fluke 9132-156 User manual

Rev. 672501 ENG

9132

Portable IR Calibrator

User’s Guide

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Limited Warranty & Limitation of Liability

Each product from Fluke Corporation, Hart Scientific Division (“Hart”) is warranted to be free from de­fects in material and workmanship under normal use and service. The warranty period is one year for the
Portable IR Calibrator. The warranty period begins on the date of the shipment. Parts, product repairs, and
services are warranted for 90 days. The warranty extends only to the original buyer or end-user customer
of a Hart authorized reseller, and does not apply to fuses, disposable batteries or to any other product,
which in Hart’s opinion, has been misused, altered, neglected, or damaged by accident or abnormal condi­tions of operation or handling. Hart warrants that software will operate substantially in accordance with its
functional specifications for 90 days and that it has been properly recorded on non-defective media. Hart
does not warrant that software will be error free or operate without interruption. Hart does not warrant
calibrations on the Portable IR Calibrator.

Hart authorized resellers shall extend this warranty on new and unused products to end-user customers
only but have no authority to extend a greater or different warranty on behalf of Hart. Warranty support is
available if product is purchased through a Hart authorized sales outlet or Buyer has paid the applicable
international price. Hart reserves the right to invoice Buyer for importation costs of repairs/replacement
parts when product purchased in one country is submitted for repair in another country.

Hart’s warranty obligation is limited, at Hart’s option, to refund of the purchase price, free of charge
repair, or replacement of a defective product which is returned to a Hart authorized service center within
the warranty period.

To obtain warranty service, contact your nearest Hart authorized service center or send the product, with
a description of the difficulty, postage, and insurance prepaid (FOB Destination), to the nearest Hart au­thorized service center. Hart assumes no risk for damage in transit. Following warranty repair, the product
will be returned to Buyer, transportation prepaid (FOB Destination). If Hart determines that the failure
was caused by misuse, alteration, accident or abnormal condition or operation or handling, Hart will pro­vide an estimate or repair costs and obtain authorization before commencing the work. Following repair,
the product will be returned to the Buyer transportation prepaid and the Buyer will be billed for the repair
and return transportation charges (FOB Shipping Point).

THIS WARRANTY IS BUYER’S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY AND IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTH­ER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIED
WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. HART
SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL. OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES OR LOSSES, INCLUDING LOSS OF DATA, WHETHER ARISING FROM BREACH OF
WARRANTY OR BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT, RELIANCE OR ANY OTHER THEORY.

Since some countries or states do not allow limitation of the term of an implied warranty, or exclusion
or limitation of incidental or consequential damages, the limitations and exclusions of this warranty may
not apply to every buyer. If any provision of this Warranty is held invalid or unenforceable by a court of
competent jurisdiction, such holding will not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision.

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Contents

1 Before You Start ....................................................................... 1

1.1 Introduction ............................................................................................1

1.2 Symbols

Used ........................................................................................1

1.3 Safety Information ..................................................................................3

1.3.1 WARNINGS ................................................................................................... 3

1.3.2 CAUTIONS .................................................................................................... 4

1.4 Authorized Service Centers ...................................................................5

2 Specifications and Environmental Conditions ......................7

2.1 Specifications ........................................................................................7

2.2 Environmental Conditions ......................................................................8

3 Quick Start ................................................................................ 9

3.1 Unpacking ............................................................................................9

3.2 Set Up ....................................................................................................9

3.3 Power .....................................................................................................9

3.4 Setting the Temperature .........................................................................9

4 Parts and Controls ................................................................. 11

4.1 Back Panel ...........................................................................................11

4.2 Front Panel ...........................................................................................12

5 General Operation .................................................................. 15

5.1 Changing Display Units .......................................................................15

5.2 Switching to 230 V Operation ..............................................................15

6 Controller Operation .............................................................. 17

6.1 Well Temperature .................................................................................17

6.2 Temperature Set-point .........................................................................17

6.2.1 Programmable Set-points ........................................................................... 17

6.2.2 Set-point

Value ............................................................................................ 19

6.3 Temperature Scale Units ......................................................................19

6.4 Scan .....................................................................................................19

6.4.1 Scan Control ................................................................................................ 19

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6.4.2 Scan Rate .................................................................................................... 20

6.5 Set-point Resistance ............................................................................20

6.6 Temperature Scale Units ......................................................................20

6.7 Secondary Menu ..................................................................................20

6.8 Heater Power .......................................................................................20

6.9 Proportional Band ................................................................................21

6.10 Controller Configuration .......................................................................22

6.11 Operating Parameters .........................................................................22

6.12 Serial Interface Parameters .................................................................22

6.12.1 Baud Rate ................................................................................................... 23

6.12.2

Sample Period ............................................................................................. 23

6.12.3

Duplex Mode ............................................................................................... 23

6.12.4 Linefeed ...................................................................................................... 23

6.13 Calibration Parameters ........................................................................24

6.13.1 R0 ................................................................................................................ 24

6.13.2 ALPHA ......................................................................................................... 24

6.13.3 DELTA .......................................................................................................... 24

7 Digital Communications ........................................................ 25

7.1 Serial Communications ........................................................................25

7.2 Wiring ...................................................................................................25

7.2.1 Setup ........................................................................................................... 25

7.2.2

Serial Operation .......................................................................................... 26

7.3 Interface Commands ...........................................................................26

8 Calibration Procedure ...........................................................29

8.1 Calibration Points .................................................................................29

8.2 Calibration Procedure ..........................................................................29

8.2.1 Compute DELTA .......................................................................................... 29

8.2.2

Compute R0 and ALPHA ............................................................................ 30

8.2.3

Accuracy and Repeatability ........................................................................ 31

9 Maintenance ........................................................................... 33

10 Troubleshooting ..................................................................... 35

10.1 Troubleshooting Problems, Possible Causes, and Solutions ...............35

10.2 Comments ............................................................................................36

10.2.1 EMC Directive ............................................................................................. 36

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10.2.2 Low Voltage Directive (Safety) .................................................................... 36

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1

1 Before You Start

1 Before You Start

1.1 Introduction

The Hart Scientific 9132 Portable IR Calibrator may be used as a portable instrument or bench
top temperature calibrator for calibrating point IR thermometers. The 9132 is small enough to
use in the field, and accurate enough to use in the lab. Calibrations may be done over a range of
50°C to 500°C (122°F to 932°F). Temperature display and setability resolution of the 9132 is

0.1 degrees.

The instrument features:

Rapid heating and cooling

Hand strap

RS-232 interface capability

Built in programmable features include:

Temperature scan rate control

Eight set-point memory

Adjustable readout in °C or °F

The temperature is accurately controlled by Hart’s digital controller. The controller uses a preci­sion platinum RTD as a sensor and controls the well temperature with a solid state relay (triac)
driven heater.

For improved uncertainties, a 0.125” external reference thermometer may be used in the cali­bration probe hole at the top of the instrument. When using an external reference thermometer,
the unit accuracy, stability, and ambient temperature effects on the surface can be minimized.

The LED front panel continuously shows the current temperature. The temperature may be
easily set with the control buttons to any desired temperature within the specified range. The
instrument’s multiple fault protection devices insure user and instrument safety and protection.

The 9132 calibrator was designed for portability, low cost, and ease of operation. Through
proper use the instrument will provide continued accurate calibration of temperature sensors
and devices. The user should be familiar with the safety guidelines and operating procedures of
the calibrator as described in this user guide.

1.2 Symbols Used

Table 1 lists the International Electrical Symbols. Some or all of these symbols may be used on
the instrument or in this manual.

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9132 Portable IR Calibrator

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Table 1 Symbols

Symbol Description

AC (Alternating Current)

AC-DC

Battery

Complies with European Union directives

DC

Double Insulated

Electric Shock

Fuse

PE Ground

Hot Surface (Burn Hazard)

Read the User’s Guide (Important Information)

Off

On

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1 Before You Start

Symbol Description

Canadian Standards Association

OVERVOLTAGE (Installation) CATEGORY II, Pollution Degree 2 per IEC1010-1 refers to
the level of Impulse Withstand Voltage protection provided. Equipment of OVERVOLTAGE
CATEGORY II is energy-consuming equipment to be supplied from the fixed installation.
Examples include household, office, and laboratory appliances.

C-TIC Australian EMC mark

The European Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Directive (2002/96/
EC) mark.

1.3 Safety Information

Use this instrument only as specified in this manual. Otherwise, the protection provided by the
instrument may be impaired.

The following definitions apply to the terms “Warning” and “Caution”.

“WARNING” identifies conditions and actions that may pose hazards to the user.

“CAUTION” identifies conditions and actions that may damage the instrument being
used.

1.3.1 WARNINGS

To avoid personal injury, follow these guidelines.

BURN HAZARD – DO NOT touch the IR target surface of the unit.The temperature
of the IR target surface is the same as the actual temperature shown on the display. If
the unit is set at 500°C and the display reads 500°C, the target surface is 500°C.The top
sheet metal of the instrument may exhibit extreme temperatures for areas close to the IR
target surface. DO NOT turn off the unit at temperatures higher than 100°C. This could
create a hazardous situation. Select a set-point less than 100°C and allow the unit to cool
before turning it off.

DO NOT operate this unit without a properly grounded, properly polarized power cord.

DO NOT connect this unit to a non-grounded, non-polarized outlet.

HIGH VOLTAGE is used in the operation of this equipment. SEVERE INJURY OR
DEATH may result if personnel fail to observe safety precautions. Before working inside

the equipment, turn the power off and disconnect the power cord.

Always replace the fuse with one of the same rating, voltage, and type.

This instrument is intended for indoor use only.

Overhead clearance is required. DO NOT place this instrument under a cabinet or other
structure.

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DO NOT use this unit for any application other than calibration work.

DO NOT use this unit in environments other than those listed in the user’s guide.

DO NOT operate near flammable materials.

Use of this instrument at HIGH TEMPERATURES for extended periods of time
requires caution.

Completely unattended high temperature operation is not recommended for safety
reasons.

Before initial use, after transport, and anytime the dry-well has not been energized for
more than 10 days, the calibrator must be energized for a dry-out period of 1 to 2 hours
before it can be assumed to meet all of the safety requirements of the IEC1010-1.

The instrument can generate extreme temperatures. Precautions must be taken to prevent
personal injury or damage to objects.

Use only a grounded AC mains supply of the appropriate voltage to power the
instrument. Refer to Section 3.1, Specifications for power details.

The instrument is equipped with operator accessible system fuses. If a fuse blows, it may
be due to a power surge or failure of a component. Replace the fuse once. If the fuse
blows a second time, it is likely caused by failure of a component part. If this occurs,
contact an Authorized Hart Scientific Service Center (see Section ). Always replace the
fuse with one of the same rating, voltage, and type. Never replace the fuse with one of a
higher current rating.

Follow all safety guidelines listed in the user’s manual.

Calibration Equipment should only be used by Trained Personnel.

1.3.2 CA

UTIONS

DO NOT plug the unit into 230V if the heater switches and fuse holder read 115V. This
action will cause the fuses to blow and may damage the instrument.

Components and heater lifetime can be shortened by continuous high temperature
operation.

DO NOT use fluids to clean the target surface.

DO NOT change the values of the calibration constants from the factory set values. The
correct setting of these parameters is important to the safety and proper operation of the
calibrator.

DO use a ground fault interrupt device.

Operate the instrument in room temperatures between 5 and 50°C. (41–122° F). Allow
sufficient air circulation by leaving at least 6 inches of space between the instrument and
nearby objects.

The instrument is a precision instrument. Although is has been designed for optimum
durability and trouble free operation, it must be handled with care. Always carry the unit
in an upright position. The convenient fold-up handle allows one hand carrying. The
instrument should not be operated in excessively wet, oily, dusty, or dirty environments.
Do not operate near flammable materials.

Before initial use, after transport, and anytime the dry-well has not been energized
for a “dry-out” period of 1-2 hours before it can be assumed to meet all of the safety
requirements of the IEC 1010-1.

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2 Specifications and Environmental Conditions

2 Specifications and Environmental Conditions

2.1 Specifications

Table 2 Specifications

Range

50°C to 500°C (122°F to 932°F)

Accuracy

±0.5°C at 100°C (±0.9°F at 212°F)
±0.65°C at 300°C (±1.2°F at 572°F)
±0.8°C at 500°C (±1.4°F at 932°F)

Stability

±0.1°C at 100°C (±0.18 at 212°F)
±0.15°C at 300°C (±0.27 at 572°F)
±0.3°C at 500°C (±0.54 at 932°F)

Target Size

2.25” (57 mm)

Resolution

0.1°C or °F

Display

LED, °C or °F, switchable

Heating Times

30 minutes to max (50 0176C to 500°C)

Cooling Times

30 minutes (500°C to 100°C)

Stabilization Time

10 minutes

Target Emissivity

0.95 (±0.02 from 8 to 14µM)

Aperture Diameter

2.25” (57mm)

Computer Interface

RS-232 interface included with Model 9930 Interface-it control software

Power

115 VAC (±10%), 3 A or 230 VAC (±10%), 1.5 A, 50/60 Hz, switchable,
340 W

Size

4” H x 6” W x 7” D (102 x 152 x 178 mm)

Weight

4 lb. (1.8 kg)

Temperature differences between the IR surface and the reference probe are calculated as
shown in the graph in Figure 1.

9132

Gradient between probe and IR surface

-0.6

-0.5

-0.4

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

0

50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500

Reference Probe C

delta T C

Figure 1 Temperature Gradient Between Probe and IR Target Surface

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NOTE: As the calibrator temperature increases, the difference between the temperature

sensed by the reference thermometer and the temperature of the face of the target
increases.

2.2 Environmental Conditions

Although the instrument has been designed for optimum durability and trouble-free operation,
it must be handled with care. The instrument should not be operated in an excessively dusty or
dirty environment. Maintenance and cleaning recommendations can be found in the Mainte­nance section of this manual.

The instrument operates safely under the following conditions:

temperature range: 5-35°C (41-95°F)

ambient relative humidity: 15-50%

pressure: 75kPa – 106kPa

mains voltage within ±10% of nominal

vibrations in the calibration environment should be minimized

altitudes less than 2,000 meters

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3 Quick Start

3 Quick Start

3.1 Unpacking

Unpack the calibrator carefully and inspect it for any damage that may have occurred during
shipment. If there is shipping damage, notify the carrier immediately.

Verify that the following components are present:

9132 Calibrator

Power Cord

User’s Guide

Serial Cable

9930 Software

3.2 Set Up

Place the calibrator on a flat surface with at least 6 inches of free space around the instrument.
The prop may be swung down to raise the front of the instrument from a horizontal position.
Plug the power cord into a grounded mains outlet. Observe that the nominal voltage corre­sponds to that indicated on the back of the calibrator.

Turn on the power to the calibrator by toggling the power switch on. The fan should begin
quietly blowing air through the instrument and the controller display should illuminate after 3
seconds. After a brief self-test the controller should begin normal operation. If the unit fails to
operate please check the power connection.

The heater will start operating to bring the temperature of the calibrator to the set-point tem­perature and the display will begin to show the actual target temperature.

3.3 Power

Plug the dry-well power cord into a mains outlet of the proper voltage, frequency, and current
capability. Refer to Specifications for power details. Turn the dry-well on using the rear panel
“POWER” switch. The dry-well will turn on and begin to heat to the previously programmed
temperature set-point. The front panel LED display will indicate the actual dry-well tempera­ture.

3.4 Setting the Temperature

Section 8.2 explains in detail how to set the temperature set-point on the calibrator using the
front panel keys. The procedure is summarized here.

Press “SET” twice to access the set-point value.

Press “UP” or “DOWN” to change the set-point value.

Press “SET” to program in the new set-point.

Press “EXIT” to return to the temperature display.

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When the set-point temperature is changed the controller switches the well heater on or off
to raise or lower the temperature. The displayed well temperature gradually changes until it
reaches the set-point temperature. The well may require 5 to 10 minutes to reach the set-point
depending on the span. Another 5 to 10 minutes is required to stabilize within ±0.1°C of the
set-point. Ultimate stability may take 15 to 20 minutes more of stabilization time.

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4 Parts and Controls

4 Parts and Controls

The user should become familiar with the calibrator and its parts.

4.1 Back Panel

The back panel (Figure 2) consists of the power cord inlet, power switch, heater voltage switch,
serial port, and fan.

115V

115V

115 VAC 50/60 Hz 340 W
230 VAC 50/60 Hz 340 W

HEATER

VOLTAGE

SWITCH

RS-232

115 V - 4 A F 250V
230 V - 2 A F 250V

Figure 2 Back Panel

Power Inlet – At the rear of the calibrator is the removable power cord inlet that plugs into an
IEC grounded socket.

Power Switch – The power switch is located on the power entry module (PEM). The PEM also
houses the fuses and the dual voltage selector. The PEM and Heater Voltage Switch (see below)
allow the unit to be field switchable for 115 VAC (±10%) or 230 VAC (±10%) operation.

Heater Voltage Switch – To be used only when changing the input voltage. (See Section 7.2
for instructions on changing the input voltage.)

CAUTION: Do not plug the unit into 230 V if the heater switches and fuse holder read

115 V. This action will cause the fuses to blow and may damage the instrument.

Serial Port – A DB-9 male connector is present for interfacing the calibrator to a computer or
terminal with serial RS-232 communications.

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Fan – The fan inside the calibrator has two speeds and runs continuously when the unit is being
operated to provide cooling for the instrument. The fan runs slow for heating and maintaining
operation and runs fast for rapid cooling. Slots are provided for airflow. The area around the
calibrator must be kept clear to allow adequate ventilation. The airflow is directed out the front
and can be extremely hot.

4.2 Front Panel

The front panel (Figure 3) consists of the controller display, controller keypad, and target as­sembly.

SETUPDOWN EXIT

9132

INFRARED
CALIBRATOR

Figure 3 Front Panel

Controller Display – The digital display displays set and actual temperatures and various
calibrator functions, settings, and constants. The display shows temperatures in units according
to the selected scale °C or °F.

Controller Keypad – The four button keypad allows easy setting of the set-point temperature.
The control buttons (SET, DOWN, UP, and EXIT) are used to set the calibrator temperature set­point, access and set other operating parameters, and access and set calibration parameters.

Setting the control temperature is done directly in degrees of the current scale. The control
temperature can be set to one-tenth of a degree Celsius or Fahrenheit.

The functions of the buttons are as follows:

SET – Used to display the next parameter in the menu and to store parameters to the displayed
value.

DOWN – Used to decrement the displayed value of parameters.

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4 Parts and Controls

UP – Used to increment the displayed value.

EXIT – Used to exit a function and to skip to the next function. Any changes made to the dis-

played value are ignored.

Target Assembly – The target assembly is 57 mm (2.25 in) in diameter and has an emisivity of

0.95.

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5 General Operation

5 General Operation

5.1 Changing Display Units

The Model 9132 can display temperature in Celsius or Fahrenheit. The temperature units are
shipped from the factory set to Celsius. There are two ways to change to Fahrenheit or back to
Celsius as described below.

Press the “SET” and “UP” simultaneously. The units are changed.

Or

Press the “SET” key three times from the temperature display to show Un = C

Press the “UP” or “DOWN” key to change units.

5.2 Switching to 230 V Operation

The 9132 is switchable from 115 V ac to 230 V ac 50/60 Hz. Switching the voltage can change
the calibration. Therefore, we recommend that the instrument be calibrated after the voltage is
switched. To change from 115 V ac to 230 V ac follow the steps below.

Unplug the instrument.

With a small straight slot screwdriver remove the fuse holder located on the rear panel.

Replace the two 4 amps fuses with 2 amp 250 V fuses.

Replace the fuse holder with the “230V” in the display window.

Using the same straight slot screwdriver, move the heater switch to display “230V”. See
the back panel drawing in Figure 2 on page 11.

NOTE: If the heater switch and the fuse holder do not both read 230 V when complete,

the unit will either not heat or only heat at a fraction of its capacity. If not done properly,
the unit could become damaged and void the calibration and warranty. Use 4 amp fuses
for 115 V and 2 amp fuses for 230 V only.

CAUTION: Do not plug the unit into 230 V if the heater switches and fuse holder read

115 V. This action will cause the fuses to blow and may damage the instrument.

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6 Controller Operation

6 Controller Operation

This chapter discusses in detail how to operate the instrument temperature controller using the
front control panel. Using the front panel key-switches and LED display the user may monitor
the well temperature, set the temperature set-point in degrees C or F, monitor the heater output
power, adjust the controller proportional band, and program the calibration parameters, operat­ing parameters, and serial interface configuration. Operation of the functions and parameters
are shown in the flowchart in Figure on page . This chart may be copied for reference.

In the following discussion a button with the word SET, UP, EXIT or DOWN inside indicates
the panel button while the LED type text indicates the display reading. Explanation of the but­ton or display reading are to the right of each button or display value.

6.1 Well Temperature

The digital LED display on the front panel allows direct viewing of the actual well tempera­ture. This temperature value is what is normally shown on the display. The units, C or F, of the
temperature value are displayed at the right. For example,

100.0 C Well temperature in degrees Celsius

The temperature display function may be accessed from any other function by pressing the
“EXIT” button.

6.2 Temperature Set-point

The temperature set-point can be set to any value within the range and with resolution as given
in the specifications. Be careful not to exceed the safe upper temperature limit of any device
inserted into the well.

Setting the temperature involves selecting one of the eight set-points in memory and then ad­justing the set-point value.

6.2.1 Programmable Set-points

The controller stores 8 set-point temperatures in memory. The set-points can be quickly recalled
to conveniently set the calibrator to a previously programmed temperature set-point.

To set the temperature one must first select the set-point memory. This function is accessed
from the temperature display function by pressing “SET”. The number of the set-point memory
currently being used is shown at the left on the display followed by the current set-point value.

100.0 C Well temperature in degrees Celsius

S

Access set-point memory

1. 100. Set-point memory 1, 100°C currently used.

To change to another set-point memory press “UP” or “DOWN”.

4. 300. New set-point memory 4, 300°C

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Figure 4 Controller Operation Flowchart

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6 Controller Operation

Press “SET” to accept the new selection and access the set-point value.

S

Accept selected set-point memory.

6.2.2 Set-point Value

The set-point value may be adjusted after selecting the set-point memory and pressing “SET”.

4. 200. Set-point 4 value in °C

If the set-point value need not be changed then press “EXIT” to resume displaying the well
temperature. To change the set-point value, press “SET” and then press “UP” or “DOWN”.

220.0 New set-point value

When the desired set-point value is reached press “SET” to accept the new value and access the
temperature scale units selection. If “EXIT” is pressed instead then any changes made to the
set-point will be ignored.

S

Accept new set-point value

6.3 Temperature Scale Units

The temperature scale units of the controller maybe set by the user to degrees Celsius (°C) or
Fahrenheit (°F). The units are used in displaying the well temperature, set-point, and propor­tional band.

Press “SET” after adjusting the set-point value to change display units.

Un=C Scale units currently selected

Press “UP” or “DOWN” to change the units.

Un=F New units selected

6.4 Scan

The scan rate can be set and enabled so that when the set-point is changed the dry-well heats or
cools at a specified rate (degrees per minute) until it reaches the new set-point. With the scan
disabled the dry-well heats or cools at the maximum possible rate.

6.4.1 Scan Control

The scan is controlled with the scan on/off function that appears in the main menu after the
temperature scale units.

Sc=OFF Scan function off

Press “UP” or “DOWN” to toggle the scan on or off.

Sc=On Scan function on

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Press “SET” to accept the present setting and continue.

S

Accept scan setting

6.4.2 Scan Rate

The next function in the main menu is the scan rate. The scan rate can be set from .1 to 99.9°C/
min. The maximum scan rate however is actually limited by the natural heating or cooling rate
of the instrument. This is often less than 100°C/min, especially when cooling.

The scan rate function appears in the main menu after the scan control function. The scan rate
units are in degrees C per minute.

Sr=10.0 Scan rate in °C/min

Press “UP” or “DOWN” to change the scan rate.

Sr=2.0 New scan rate

Press “SET” to accept the new scan rate and continue.

S

Accept scan rate

6.5 Set-point Resistance

To display the Set-point Resistance, press the “SET” and “DOWN” keys simultaneously when
the temperature is displayed. When the “SET” and “DOWN” keys are released the temperature
is again displayed. This value is used to calibrate the unit and is not adjustable.

6.6 Temperature Scale Units

To toggle between °C and °F, press the “SET” and “UP” keys simultaneously when the tem­perature is displayed.

6.7 Secondary Menu

Functions, which are used less often, are accessed within the secondary menu. The secondary
menu is accessed by pressing “SET” and “EXIT” simultaneously and then releasing. The first
function in the secondary menu is the heater power display.

6.8 Heater Power

The temperature controller controls the temperature of the well by pulsing the heater on and
off. The total power being applied to the heater is determined by the duty cycle or the ratio of
heater on time to the pulse cycle time. By knowing the amount of heating the user can tell if
the calibrator is heating up to the set-point, cooling down, or controlling at a constant tempera­ture. Monitoring the percent heater power lets the user know how stable the well temperature
is. With good control stability the percent heating power should not fluctuate more than ±1%
within one minute.

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6 Controller Operation

The heater power display is accessed in the secondary menu. Press “SET” and “EXIT” simulta­neously and release. The heater power is displayed as a percentage of full power.

100.0 C Well temperature

S+E

Access heater power in secondary menu

SEC Flashes “SEC” for secondary menu and then displays the heater power

12.0P Heater power in percent

To exit out of the secondary menu press and hold the “EXIT” button. To continue on to the
proportional band setting function press “SET”.

6.9 Proportional Band

In a proportional controller such as this the heater output power is proportional to the well tem­perature over a limited range of temperatures around the set-point. This range of temperature is
called the proportional band. At the bottom of the proportional band the heater output is 100%.
At the top of the proportional band the heater output is 0. Thus as the temperature rises the
heater power is reduced, which consequently tends to lower the temperature back down. In this
way the temperature is maintained at a fairly constant temperature.

The temperature stability of the well and response time depend on the width of the proportional
band. If the band is too wide the well temperature deviates excessively from the set-point due to
varying external conditions. This is because the power output changes very little with tempera­ture and the controller cannot respond very well to changing conditions or noise in the system.
If the proportional band is too narrow the temperature may swing back and forth because the
controller overreacts to temperature variations. For best control stability the proportional band
must be set for the optimum width.

The proportional band width is set at the factory to about 25.0°C. The user may alter the
proportional band width if he desires to optimize the control characteristics for a particular ap­plication. However, we recommend the proportional band be changed only by knowledgeable
personnel.

The proportional band width is easily adjusted from the front panel. The width may be set to
discrete values in degrees C or F depending on the selected units. The proportional band adjust­ment can be accessed within the secondary menu. Press “SET” and “EXIT” to enter the second­ary menu and show the heater power. Then press “SET” to access the proportional band.

S+E

Access heater power in secondary menu

SEC Flashes SEC for secondary menu and then displays the heater power

12.0P Heater power in percent

S

Access proportional band

PROP Flashes PROP for secondary menu and then displays the proportional band

setting

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4.1 Proportional band setting

To change the proportional band press “UP” or “DOWN”.

10.0 New proportional band setting

To accept the new setting press “SET”. Press “EXIT” to continue without storing the new value.

S

Accept the new proportional band setting

6.10 Controller Configuration

The controller has a number of configuration and operating options and calibration parameters,
which are programmable via the front panel. These are accessed from the secondary menu after
the proportional band function by pressing “SET”. Pressing “SET” again enters the first of three
sets by configuration parameters – calibration parameters, operating parameters and serial inter­face parameters. The menus are selected using the “UP” and “DOWN” keys and then pressing
“SET”.

6.11 Operating Parameters

The operating parameters menu is indicated by,

par Operating parameters menu

The operating parameters menu contains the High Limit parameter. The High Limit parameter
adjusts the upper set-point temperature. The factory default and maximum are set to 126 °C.
For safety, a user can adjust the High Limit parameter down so the maximum temperature set­point is restricted.

Press “SET” to enable adjustment of the High Limit parameter.

HL Flashes HL and then displays the setting

H=126 Current HL setting

Adjust the HL parameter using “UP” or “DOWN”.

H=90 New High Limit setting

Press “SET” to accept the new High Limit parameter.

6.12 Serial Interface Parameters

The serial RS-232 interface parameters menu is indicated by,

SErIAL Serial RS-232 interface parameters menu

Press “UP” to enter the menu. The serial interface parameters menu contains parameters, which
determine the operation of the serial interface. The parameters in the menu are – baud rate,
sample period, duplex mode, and linefeed.

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6 Controller Operation

6.12.1 Baud Rate

The baud rate is the first parameter in the menu. The baud rate setting determines the serial
communications transmission rate.

bAUd Flashes bAUd and then displays the setting

2400 b Current baud rate

The baud rate of the serial communications may be programmed to 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800,
or 9600 baud. Use “UP” or “DOWN” to change the baud rate value.

4800 b New baud rate

Press “SET” to set the baud rate to the new value or “EXIT” to abort the operation and skip to
the next parameter in the menu.

6.12.2 Sample Period

The sample period is the next parameter in the serial interface parameter menu. The sample
period is the time period in seconds between temperature measurements transmitted from the
serial interface. If the sample rate is set to 5, the instrument transmits the current measurement
over the serial interface approximately every five seconds. The automatic sampling is disabled
with a sample period of 0.

SPEr Flashes SPEr and then displays the setting

SP= 1 Current sample period (seconds)

Adjust the value with “UP” or “DOWN” and then use “SET” to set the sample rate to the dis­played value. Press “EXIT” to continue without changes.

SP= 60 New sample period

6.12.3 Duplex Mode

The next parameter is the duplex mode. The duplex mode may be set to full duplex or half du­plex. With full duplex any commands are executed but not echoed. The duplex mode parameter
is indicated by,

dUPL Flashes dUPL and then displays the setting

d=FULL Current duplex mode setting

Adjust the setting using “UP” or “DOWN” and pressing “SET”.

d=HALF New duplex mode setting

6.12.4 Linefeed

The final parameter in the serial interface menu is the linefeed mode. This parameter enables
(on) or disables (off) transmission of a linefeed character (LF, ASCII 10) after transmission of
any carriage-return. The linefeed parameter is indicated by,

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LF Flashes LF and then displays the setting

LF= On Current linefeed setting

Adjust the setting using “UP” or “DOWN” and pressing “SET”.

LF=OFF New linefeed setting

6.13 Calibration Parameters

The operator of the instrument controller has access to a number of the calibration constants
namely R0, ALPHA, and DELTA. These values are set at the factory and must not be altered.
The correct values are important to the accuracy and proper and safe operation of the instru­ment. Access to these parameters is available to the user so that in the event that the controller
memory fails the user may restore these values to the factory settings. The user should have a
list of these constants and their settings with the instrument manual.

CAUTION: DO NOT change the values of the instrument calibration constants from the

factory set values. The correct setting of these parameters is important to the safety and
proper operation of the instrument.

The calibration parameters menu is indicated by,

CAL Calibration parameters menu

Press “SET” five times to enter the menu. The calibration parameters menu contains the param­eters, R0, ALPHA, and DELTA, which characterize the resistance-temperature relationship of
the platinum control sensor. These parameters may be adjusted to improve the accuracy of the
calibrator.

The name of the parameter flashes on the display and then the value is displayed. The value of
the parameter may be changed using the “UP” and “DOWN” buttons. After the desired value is
reached press “SET” to set the parameter to the new value. Pressing “EXIT” causes the param­eter to be skipped ignoring any changes that may have been made.

6.13.1 R0

This probe parameter refers to the resistance of the control probe at 0°C. The value of this
parameter is set at the factory for best instrument accuracy.

6.13.2 ALPHA

This probe parameter refers to the average sensitivity of the probe between 0 and 100°C. The
value of this parameter is set at the factory for best instrument accuracy.

6.13.3 DELTA

This probe parameter characterizes the curvature of the resistance-temperature relationship of
the sensor. The value of this parameter is set at the factory for best instrument accuracy.

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7 Digital Communications

7 Digital Communications

The calibrator is capable of communicating with and being controlled by other equipment
through the digital serial interface.

With a digital interface the instrument may be connected to a computer or other equipment.
This allows the user to set the set-point temperature, monitor the temperature, and access any of
the other controller functions, all using remote communications equipment. Communications

commands are summarized in Table on page .

7.1 Serial Communications

The calibrator is installed with an RS-232 serial interface that allows serial digital communica­tions over fairly long distances. With the serial interface the user may access any of the func­tions, parameters and settings discussed in Section 8 with the exception of the baud rate setting.

7.2 Wiring

The serial communications cable attaches
to the calibrator through the D-9 connec­tor at the back of the instrument. Figure 5
shows the pin-out of this connector and sug­gested cable wiring. The serial cable should
be shielded. If the unit is used in a heavy
industrial setting the shielded cable must be
limited to one meter.

7.2.1 Setup

Before operation the serial interface must
first be set up by programming the baud rate
and other configuration parameters. These
parameters are programmed within the serial
interface menu. The serial interface param­eters menu is outlined in Figure on page .

To enter the serial parameter programming
mode press “SET” and “EXIT” simultane­ously to enter the secondary menu. Press
“SET” repeatedly until the display reads
PAr. Press “UP” until the serial interface
menu is indicated with SERIAL. Finally press
“SET” to enter the serial parameter menu. In
the serial interface parameters menu are the
baud rate, the sample rate, the duplex mode,
and the linefeed parameter.

Figure 5 RS-232 Cable Wiring

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7.2.1.1 Baud Rate

The baud rate is the first parameter in the menu. The display prompts with the baud rate pa­rameter by showing “bAUd”. Press “SET” to choose to set the baud rate. The current baud rate
value is displayed. The baud rate may be programmed to 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, or 9600
baud. The baud rate is pre-programmed to 1200 baud. Use “UP” or “DOWN” to change the
baud rate value. Press “SET” to set the baud rate to the new value or “EXIT” to abort the opera­tion and skip to the next parameter in the menu.

7.2.1.2 Sample Period

The sample period is the next parameter in the menu and prompted with SPER. The sample
period is the time period in seconds between temperature measurements transmitted from the
serial interface. If the sample rate is set to 5, the instrument transmits the current measurement
over the serial interface approximately every five seconds. The automatic sampling is disabled
with a sample period of 0. Press “SET” to choose to set the sample period. Adjust the period
with “UP” or “DOWN” and then use “SET” to set the sample rate to the displayed value.

7.2.1.3 Duplex Mode

The next parameter is the duplex mode indicated with DUPL. The duplex mode may be set to
half duplex (HALF) or full duplex (FULL). With full duplex any commands received by the
thermometer via the serial interface are immediately echoed or transmitted back to the device of
origin. With half duplex the commands are executed but not echoed. The default setting is full
duplex. The mode may be changed using “UP” or “DOWN” and pressing “SET”.

7.2.1.4 Linefeed

The final parameter in the serial interface menu is the linefeed mode. This parameter enables
(ON) or disables (OFF) transmission of a linefeed character (LF, ASCII10) after transmission
of any carriage-return. The default setting is with linefeed on. The mode may be changed using
“UP” or “DOWN” and pressing “SET”.

7.2.2 Serial Operation

Once the cable has been attached and the interface set up properly the controller immediately
begins transmitting temperature readings at the programmed rate. The serial communications
uses 8 data bits, one stop bit, and no parity. The set-point and other commands may be sent via
the serial interface to set the temperature set-point and view or program the various parameters.
The interface commands are discussed in Section . All commands are ASCII character strings
terminated with a carriage-return character (CR, ASCII 13).

7.3 Interface Commands

The various commands for accessing the calibrator functions via the digital interfaces are listed
in this section (see Table 3). These commands are used with the RS-232 serial interface. The
commands are terminated with a carriage-return character. The interface makes no distinction
between upper and lower case letters, hence either may be used. Commands may be abbrevi­ated to the minimum number of letters, which determines a unique command. A command may
be used to either set a parameter or display a parameter depending on whether or not a value

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7 Digital Communications

is sent with the command following a “=”. For example, “s=150.0” sets the set-point to 150.0
degrees.

In the following list of commands, characters or data within brackets, “[” and “]” are optional
for the command. A slash, “/”, denotes alternate characters or data. Numeric data, denoted by
“n”, may be entered in decimal or exponential notation. Characters are shown in lower case al­though upper case may be used. Spaces may be added within command strings and will simply
be ignored. Backspace (BS, SCII 8) may be used to erase the previous character. A terminating
CR is implied with all commands.

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Table 3 Serial Commands

Command Description

Command
Format

Command
Example

Returned

Returned
Example

Acceptable
Values

Display Temperature

Read current set-point s[etpoint] s set: 999.9 {C or F} set: 100.00 C

Set current set-point to n s[etpoint]=n s=200.0 Instrument

Range

Read temperature t[emperature] t t: 999.9 {C or F} t: 55.6 C

Read temperature units u[nits] u u: x u: C

Set temperature units: u[nits]=c/f

C or F

Set temperature units to Celsius

u[nits]=c u=c

Set temperature units to Fahrenheit u[nits]=f u=f

Read scan mode sc[an] sc scan: {ON or OFF} scan:ON

Set scan mode sc[an]=on/off sc=on ON or OFF

Read scan rate sr[ate] sr srat: 99.9 {C or

F}/min

srat:12.4C/min

Set scan rate sr[ate]=n sr=1.1 .1 to 99.9

Secondary Menu

Read proportional band setting pr[opband] pr pb: 999.9 pb: 15.9

Set proportional band to n pr[opband]=n pr=8.83 Depends on

Configuration

Read heater power
(duty cycle)

po[wer] po po: 999.9 po: 1.0

Configuration Menu

Operating Parameters Menu

Read high limit hl hl hl:999 hl:126

Set high limit hl=n hl=90 0–126

Serial Interface Menu

Read serial sample setting sa[mple] sa sa: 9 sa: 1

Set serial sampling setting to n
seconds

sa[mple]=n sa=0 0 to 999

Set serial duplex mode: du[plex]=f[ull]/

h[alf]

FULL or HALF

Set serial duplex mode to full du[plex]=f[ull] du=f

Set serial duplex mode to half du[plex]=h[alf] du=h

Set serial linefeed mode: lf[eed]=on/of[f]

ON or OFF

Set serial linefeed mode to on lf[eed]=on lf=on

Set serial linefeed mode to off lf[eed]=of[f] lf=of

Calibration Menu

Read R0 calibration parameter r[0] r r0: 999.999 r0: 100.578

Set R0 calibration parameter to n r[0]=n r=100.324 90 to 110

Read ALPHA calibration parameter al[pha] al al: 9.9999999 al: 0.0038573

Set ALPHA calibration parameter to n al[pha]=n al=0.0038433 .002 to .005

Read DELTA calibration parameter de[lta] de de:9.99999 de: 1.507

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8 Calibration Procedure

8 Calibration Procedure

Sometimes the user may want to calibrate the instrument to improve the temperature set­point accuracy. Calibration is done by adjusting the controller probe calibration constants R0,
ALPHA, and DELTA so that the temperature of the dry-well as measured with a standard ther­mometer agrees more closely with the set-point. The thermometer used must be able to measure
the well temperature with higher accuracy than the desired accuracy of the dry-well. By using a
good thermometer and following this procedure the dry-well can be calibrated to an accuracy of
better than 0.8°C over its full range.

8.1 Calibration Points

In calibrating the instrument, R0, ALPHA, and DELTA are adjusted to minimize the set-point
error at each of three different dry-well temperatures. Any three reasonably separated tempera­tures may be used for the calibration. Improved results can be obtained for shorter ranges when
using temperatures that are just within the most useful operating range of the dry-well. The
farther apart the calibration temperatures, the larger the calibrated temperature range is, but the
calibration error is greater over the range. If, for instance, 150°C to 350°C is chosen as the cali­bration range then the calibrator may achieve an accuracy of say ±0.3°C over the range 150 to
350°C. Choosing a range of 200°C to 300°C may allow the calibrator to have a better accuracy
of maybe ±0.2°C over the range 175 to 325°C but outside that range the accuracy may be only
±0.5°C.

8.2 Calibration Procedure

Choose three set points to use in the calibration of the R0, ALPHA, and DELTA
parameters. These set points are generally 50.0°C, 250°C, and 500.0°C but other set
points may be used if desired or necessary.

Set the calibrator to the low set-point. When the instrument reaches the set-point and the
display is stable, wait 15 minutes or so and then take a reading from the thermometer.
Sample the set-point resistance by holding down the SET key and pressing the DOWN
key. Write these values down as T1 and R1 respectively.

Repeat step 2 for the other two set points recording them as T2 and R2 and T3 and R3
respectively.

Using the recorded data, calculate new values for the R0, ALPHA, and DELTA
parameters using the following equations.

8.2.1 Compute DELTA

1.

2.

3.

4.

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T

1-3

- Measured temperature using a thermometer

R

1-3

– Value of the set-point resistance from the display. (Press SET and DOWN at the same

time.)

Where:

T1 and R1 are the measured temperature and resistance at 50.0°C

T2 and R2 are the measured temperature and resistance at 200.0°C

T3 and R3 are the measured temperature and resistance at 350.0°C

8.2.2 Compute R0 and ALPHA

Where:

delta is the new value of DELTA computed above

Program the new values for DELTA (delta), R0 (rzero) & ALPHA (alpha) into the instrument
using the following steps.

Press the SET and EXIT keys at the same time and then press SET until R0 is displayed.

Press SET then use the UP or DOWN keys until the correct numerical setting is
displayed. Press SET to accept the new value.

Repeat step 2 for ALPHA and DELTA.

1.

2.

3.

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8 Calibration Procedure

8.2.3 Accuracy and Repeatability

Check the accuracy of the instrument at various points over the calibration range. If instrument
does not pass specification at all set-points, repeat the Calibration Procedure.

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9 Maintenance

9 Maintenance

The calibration instrument has been designed with the utmost care. Ease of operation
and simplicity of maintenance have been a central theme in the product development.
Therefore, with proper care the instrument should require very little maintenance. Avoid
operating the instrument in dirty or dusty environments.

If the outside of the instrument becomes soiled, it may be wiped clean with a damp cloth
and mild detergent. Do not use harsh chemicals on the surface, which may damage the
paint.

The calibrator should be handled with care. Avoid knocking or dropping the calibrator.

If the mains supply cord becomes damaged, replace it with a cord with the appropriate
gauge wire for the current of the instrument. If there are any questions, call an
Authorized Hart Scientific Service Center (see Section ) for more information.

Before using any cleaning or decontamination method except those recommended by
Hart, users should check with an Authorized Hart Scientific Service Center (see Section )
to be sure that the proposed method will not damage the equipment.

If the instrument is used in a manner not in accordance with the equipment design, the
operation of the instrument may be impaired or safety hazards may arise.

●

●

●

●

●

●

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10 Troubleshooting

10 Troubleshooting

This section contains information on troubleshooting, CE Comments, and a wiring diagram.

10.1 Troubleshooting Problems, Possible Causes, and Solutions

In the event that the instrument appears to function abnormally, this section may help to find
and solve the problem. Several possible problem conditions are described along with likely
causes and solutions. If a problem arises, please read this section carefully and attempt to
understand and solve the problem. If the problem cannot otherwise be solved, contact an Autho­rized Service Center (see Section 1.4). Be sure to have the model number, serial number, and
voltage of your instrument available.

Table 4 Troubleshooting Problems

Problem Possible Causes and Solutions

Incorrect temperature
reading

Incorrect R0, ALPHA, and DELTA parameters. Find the values for R0, ALPHA, and DELTA on the
Report of Calibration that was shipped with the instrument (or from subsequent calibrations
of the instrument). Reprogram the parameters into the 9132 memory (see Section 6.13,
Calibration Parameters). Allow the instrument to stabilize and verify the accuracy of the
temperature reading.

Controller locked up. The controller may have locked up due to a power surge or other
aberration. Initialize the system by performing the Factory Reset Sequence.

Factory Reset Sequence. Hold the SET and EXIT buttons down at the same time while
powering up the instrument. After the instrument displays -init-, release the buttons.
The display shows -init-, then displays 9132, and then displays the firmware version.
After performing the master reset sequence, all of the configuration parameters are reset
to their default values. Reprogram the R0, ALPHA, and DELTA parameters into the 9132
memory (see Section 6.13, Calibration Parameters) and any other applicable configuration
parameters. Allow the instrument to stabilize and verify the accuracy of the temperature
reading.

Blank display after mains
power applied

Blown fuse. A fuse may have blown due to a power surge or failure of a component.
Replace the fuse once. If the fuse blows a second time, it is likely caused by the failure of a
component. Always replace the fuse with one of the same rating, voltage, and type. Never
replace the fuse with one of a higher current rating.

The Instrument heats or
cools too quickly or too
slowly

Incorrect scan and scan rate settings. The scan and scan rate settings may be set to unwanted
values. Check the Scan and Scan Rate settings. The scan may be off (if the unit seems to be
responding too quickly). The scan may be on with the Scan Rate set low (if unit seems to be
responding too slowly).

The display shows any of
the following: err 1, err 2,

err 3, err 4, Err 5, Err
6, or Err 7

Controller problem. The error messages signify the following problems with the controller.

Err 1 - a RAM error
Err 2 - a NVRAM error
Err 3 - a Structure error
Err 4 - an ADC setup error
Err 5 - an ADC ready error
Err 6 – a defective control sensor
Err 7 – a heater error

Initialize the system by performing the Factory Reset Sequence describe above.

Temperature cannot be set
above a certain point

Incorrect High Limit parameter. The High Limit parameter may be set below 500°C. Check this
value as described in Section 6.11, Operating Parameters.

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10.2 Comments

11.2.1

10.2.1 EMC Directive

Hart Scientifics’ equipment has been tested to meet the European Electromagnetic Compatibili­ty Directive (EMC Directive, 89/336/EEC). The Declaration of Conformity for your instrument
lists the specific standards to which the unit was tested.

11.2.2

10.2.2 Low Voltage Directive (Safety)

In order to comply with the European Low Voltage Directive (73/23/EEC), Hart Scientific
equipment has been designed to meet the IEC 1010-1 (EN 61010-1) and the IEC 1010-2-010
(EN 61010-2-010) standards.

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