Fluke 77 IV Service manual

Model 77 Series IV

Digital Multimeter

Users Manual

PN 2695884 September 2006

Lifetime Limited Warranty

Each Fluke 20, 70, 80, 170 and 180 Series DMM will be free from defects in material and workmanship for its lifetime. As used herein, “lifetime” is defined as seven years after Fluke discontinues manufacturing the product, but the warranty period shall be at least ten years from the date of purchase. This warranty does not cover fuses, disposable batteries, damage from neglect, misuse, contamination, alteration, accident or abnormal conditions of operation or handling, including failures caused by use outside of the product’s specifications, or normal wear and tear of mechanical components. This warranty covers the original purchaser only and is not transferable.

For ten years from the date of purchase, this warranty also covers the LCD. Thereafter, for the lifetime of the DMM, Fluke will replace the LCD for a fee based on then current component acquisition costs.

To establish original ownership and prove date of purchase, please complete and return the registration card accompanying the product, or register your product on http://www.fluke.com product purchased through a Fluke authorized sales outlet and at the applicable international price. Fluke reserves the right to charge for importation costs of repair/replacement parts if the product purchased in one country is sent for repair elsewhere.

If the product is defective, contact your nearest Fluke authorized service center to obtain return authorization information, then send the product to that service center, with a description of the difficulty, postage and insurance prepaid (FOB Destination). Fluke assumes no risk for damage in transit. Fluke will pay return transportation for product repaired or replaced in-warranty. Before making any non-warranty repair, Fluke will estimate cost and obtain authorization, then invoice you for repair and return transportation.

THIS WARRANTY IS YOUR ONLY REMEDY. NO OTHER WARRANTIES, SUCH AS FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, ARE EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. FLUKE SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSSES, INCLUDING LOSS OF DATA, ARISING FROM ANY CAUSE OR THEORY. AUTHORIZED RESELLERS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED TO EXTEND ANY DIFFERENT WARRANTY ON FLUKE’S BEHALF. Since some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of an implied warranty or of incidental or consequential damages, this limitation of liability may not apply to you. If any provision of this warranty is held invalid or unenforceable by a court or other decision-maker of competent jurisdiction, such holding will not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision.

Fluke Corporation Fluke Europe B.V. P.O. Box 9090 P.O. Box 1186 Everett, WA 98206-9090 5602 BD Eindhoven U.S.A. The Netherlands

. Fluke will, at its option, repair at no charge, replace or refund the purchase price of a defective

Visit the Fluke website at: www.fluke.com

2/02

Table of Contents

Title Page

Contacting Fluke...................................................................................................................... 1

Warning and Caution Statements............................................................................................ 1

Unsafe Voltage ........................................................................................................................1

Test Lead Alert ........................................................................................................................1

Battery Saver (Sleep Mode) .................................................................................................... 2

Terminals .................................................................................................................................2

Rotary Switch Positions ...........................................................................................................2

Display .....................................................................................................................................3

MIN MAX AVG Recording Mode .............................................................................................4

AutoHOLD Modes.................................................................................................................... 4

YELLOW Button ...................................................................................................................... 4

Display Backlight ..................................................................................................................... 4

Manual Ranging and Autoranging........................................................................................... 5

Power-Up Options ................................................................................................................... 5

Making Basic Measurements .................................................................................................. 6

Measuring AC and DC Voltage ..........................................................................................6

Measuring Resistance ........................................................................................................6

Measuring Capacitance...................................................................................................... 6

Testing for Continuity..........................................................................................................7

Testing Diodes.................................................................................................................... 7

Measuring AC or DC Current .............................................................................................8

Measuring Frequency......................................................................................................... 8

Using the Bar Graph ................................................................................................................ 9

Cleaning................................................................................................................................... 9

Testing the Fuses ....................................................................................................................9

Replacing the Battery and Fuses ............................................................................................10

Specifications........................................................................................................................... 11

To avoid possible electrical shock or personal injury, follow these guidelines:

⇒ Use the Meter only as specified in this manual or the protection provided by the Meter might be impaired. ⇒ Do not use the Meter or test leads if they appear damaged, or if the Meter is not operating properly. If in doubt, have the

Meter serviced.

⇒ Always use the proper terminals, switch position, and range for measurements. ⇒ Verify the Meter's operation by measuring a known voltage. ⇒ Do not apply more than the rated voltage, as marked on the Meter, between the terminals or between any terminal and earth

ground.

⇒ Use caution with voltages above 30 V ac rms, 42 V ac peak, or 60 V dc. These voltages pose a shock hazard. ⇒ Disconnect circuit power and discharge all high-voltage capacitors before testing resistance, continuity, diodes, or

capacitance.

⇒ Do not use the Meter around explosive gas or vapor. ⇒ When using the test leads, keep your fingers behind the finger guards. ⇒ Remove test leads from the Meter before opening the Meter case or battery door.

B F

F B

AC (Alternating Current) DC (Direct Current)

DC/AC

Earth ground Important Information; see manual

Battery (Low battery when shown on display)

Inspected and licensed by TÜV (Technischer Überwachungs Verein) Product Services

VDE (Verband Deutscher Electroniker)

Warning. Read before using the Meter

Symbols

X !

;

N10140

Fuse Conforms to European Union directives

Canadian Standards Association

Double insulated Hazardous Voltage

Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. Meter in accordance with IEC 61010-1. 54CJ Conforms to relevant Australian standards

Model 77 Series IV

Digital Multimeter

The Fluke Model 77 Series IV is a battery-powered, average responding-rms indicating multimeter (hereafter "the Meter"), with a 6000-count, 3 3/4-digit display, and a bar graph.

This meter meets CAT III and CAT IV IEC 61010 standards. The IEC 61010 safety standard defines four measurement categories (CAT I to IV) based on the magnitude of danger from transient impulses. CAT III meters are designed to protect against transients in fixed-equipment installations at the distribution level; CAT IV meters are designed to protect against transients from the primary supply level (overhead or underground utility service).

The Meter measures or tests the following:

♦ AC / DC voltage & current ♦ Diodes ♦ Resistance ♦ Continuity ♦ Voltage frequency ♦ Capacitance

Contacting Fluke

To contact Fluke, call:

1-888-993-5853 in USA 1-800-363-5853 in Canada +31 402-675-200 in Europe +81-3-3434-0181 in Japan +65-738-5655 in Singapore

+1-425-446-5500 from anywhere in the world Visit Fluke's web site at: www.fluke.com Register your Meter at: register.fluke.com

Warning and Caution Statements

A XWWarning identifies hazardous conditions and actions that could cause bodily harm or death.

A Caution identifies conditions and actions that could damage the Meter, the equipment under test, or cause permanent loss of data.

Unsafe Voltage

To alert you to the presence of a potentially hazardous voltage, when the Meter detects a voltage ≥30 V or a voltage overload (OL), the

Ysymbol is displayed.

Test Lead Alert

To remind you to check that the test leads are in the correct terminals, rotary switch to or from the mA or A position.

Attempting to make a measurement with a test lead in an incorrect terminal might blow a fuse, damage the Meter, and cause serious personal injury.

is momentarily displayed when you move the

LEAd

W Warning

Model 77 Series IV

Users Manual

Battery Saver (Sleep Mode)

The Meter enters the "Sleep" mode and blanks out the display if there is no function change or button press for 20 minutes. To disable the Sleep mode, hold down the yellow button while turning the Meter on. The Sleep mode is always disabled in the MIN MAX AVG mode and the AutoHOLD mode.

Terminals

FUSED

Item Description

Input terminal for AC and DC milliamp measurements to

400 mA. Input terminal for AC and DC current measurements to

10 A. Input terminal for voltage, continuity, resistance, diode

test, capacitance, and frequency measurements. Common (return) terminal for all measurements.

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Rotary Switch Positions

Switch

Position

AC voltage from 0.001 to 1000 V.

E R

Frequency from 2 Hz to 99.99 kHz. DC voltage from 1 mV to 1000 V.

DC mV from 0.1 mV to 600 mV.

Ohms from 0.1 Ω to 50 MΩ.

Farads from 1 nF to 9999 μF. Beeper turns on at <25 Ω and turns off at >250 Ω.

Diode test. Displays OL above 2.4 V.

AC mA from 0.01 mA to 400 mA. DC mA from 0.01 mA to 400 mA.

AC A from 0.001 A to 10 A. DC A from 0.001 A to 10 A

>10.00 display flashes. >20 A, OL is displayed.

Measurement Function

Display

No. Symbol Meaning

MAX , MIN, AVG

nμ F, mVA, Mke, kHz

Continuity test. Diode test. Negative readings. Unsafe voltage. Voltage ≥30 V, or

voltage overload (OL) AutoHOLD is enabled. Display holds

present reading until it detects new stable input. Then the Meter beeps and displays new reading.

MIN MAX AVG enabled. Maximum, minimum, average, or

present reading. Measurement units.

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No. Symbol Meaning

8 9

10 11 12

13 14

DC, AC

610000mV Bar graph

Auto Range

Manual Range

0L LEAd

Direct current, alternating current. Low battery. Replace battery.

All possible ranges. Analog display. The Meter selects the range with

the best resolution. The user selects the range. Bar graph polarity.

The input out of range. WTest lead alert. Displayed when

the rotary switch is moved to or from the mA or A position.

Error Messages bAtt diSC

Replace the battery immediately. In the capacitance function, too much electrical

charge is present on the capacitor being tested.

EEPr

Invalid EEPROM data. Have Meter serviced.

Err CAL

Invalid calibration data. Calibrate Meter.

Err

Model 77 Series IV

Users Manual

MIN MAX AVG Recording Mode

The MIN MAX AVG recording mode captures the minimum and maximum input values, and calculates a running average of all readings. When a new high or low is detected, the Meter beeps.

Note

For dc functions, accuracy is the specified accuracy of the measurement function 275 ms in duration.

For ac functions, accuracy is the specified accuracy of the measurement function

1.2 s in duration.

To use MIN MAX AVG recording: ⇒ Make sure that the Meter is in the desired measurement

function and range. (Autoranging is disabled in the MIN MAX AVG mode.)

⇒ Press MIN MAX to activate MIN MAX AVG mode.

m and MAX light, and the highest reading detected since entering MIN MAX AVG is displayed.

⇒ Press MIN MAX to step through the low (MIN), average

(AVG), and present readings.

⇒ To pause MIN MAX AVG recording without erasing stored

values, press HOLD. h is displayed. To resume MIN MAX AVG recording, press HOLD again.

h turns off.

⇒ To exit and erase stored readings, press MIN MAX for 1

second or turn the rotary switch.

12 counts for changes longer than

40 counts for changes longer than

AutoHOLD Modes

XWWarning

To avoid electric shock, do not use the AutoHOLD mode to determine if a circuit is live. Unstable or noisy readings will not be captured.

In the AutoHOLD mode, the Meter holds the reading on the display until it detects a new stable reading. Then the Meter beeps, and displays the new reading.

⇒ Press HOLD to activate AutoHOLD. h lights. ⇒ Press HOLD again or turn the rotary switch to resume normal

operation.

YELLOW Button

Press the yellow button to select alternate measurement functions on a rotary switch setting, e.g., to select DC mA, DC A, Hz, capacitance, or diode test.

Display Backlight

Press S to toggle the backlight on and off. The backlight automatically turns off after 2 minutes.

Manual Ranging and Autoranging

The Meter has both Manual range and Autorange modes. ⇒ In the Autorange mode, the Meter selects the range with the

best resolution.

⇒ In the Manual Range mode, you override Autorange and select

the range yourself.

When you turn the Meter on, it defaults to Autorange and Auto Range is displayed.

1. To enter the Manual Range mode, press RANGE. Manual Range is displayed.

2. In the Manual Range mode, press RANGE to increment the

range. After the highest range, the Meter wraps to the lowest range.

Note

You cannot manually change the range in the MIN MAX AVG mode.

If you press RANGE while in MIN MAX beeps, indicating an invalid operation, and the range does not change.

3. To exit Manual Range, press RANGE for 1 second or turn the

rotary switch.

The Meter returns to Autorange and Auto Range is displayed.

AVG, the Meter

Power-Up Options

To select a Power-Up Option, hold down the button indicated while turning the Meter on.

Power-Up Options are cancelled when the Meter is turned OFF.

Button Power-Up Options

Turns on all display segments when in VAC switch

H M

(YELLOW)

position. Disables beeper. bEEP is diplayed when enabled.

Enables "Smoothing" mode. '___ is displayed when enabled.

Dampens display fluctuations of rapidly changing inputs by digital filtering.

Disables automatic power-down ("Sleep mode"). PoFF is displayed when enabled

Sleep mode is also disabled while the Meter is in a MIN MAX AVG Recording mode, or the AutoHOLD mode.

Disables automatic 2-minute backlight timeout. LoFF is displayed when enabled.

Model 77 Series IV

Users Manual

Making Basic Measurements

The figures on the following pages show how to make basic measurements.

When connecting the test leads to the circuit or device, connect the common (COM) test lead before connecting the live lead; when removing the test leads, remove the live lead before removing the common test lead.

XWWarning

To avoid electric shock or injury, or damage to the Meter, disconnect circuit power and discharge all highvoltage capacitors before testing resistance, continuity, diodes, or capacitance.

Measuring AC and DC Voltage

Volts AC

MIN MAX

RANGEHOLD

Volts DC

MIN MAX

Millivolts DC

RANGEHOLD

MIN MAX

RANGEHOLD

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Measuring Resistance

MIN MAX

RANGEHOLD

AIK04F.EPS

Measuring Capacitance

MIN MAX

RANGEHOLD

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Making Basic Measurements

Testing for Continuity

MIN MAX

RANGEHOLD

Testing Diodes

Good Diode Good Diode

MIN MAX

RANGEHOLD

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MIN MAX

RANGEHOLD

Forward Bias

Bad Diode

MIN MAX

RANGEHOLD

CAT

MIN MAX

RANGEHOLD

Single Beep

Reverse Bias

Bad Diode

MIN MAX

RANGEHOLD

and

Open

Shorted

AIK07F.EPS

Model 77 Series IV

Users Manual

Measuring AC or DC Current

XWWarning

To avoid personal injury or damage to the Meter:

• Never attempt to make an in-circuit current measure-

ment when the open-circuit potential to earth ground is >1000 V.

• Check the Meter's fuses before testing. (See “Testing

the Fuses”.)

• Use the proper terminals, switch position, and range

for your measurement.

• Never place the probes in parallel with a circuit or

component when the leads are plugged into the current terminals.

Turn power OFF, break circuit, insert Meter in series, turn power on.

MIN MAX

RANGEHOLD

CAT CAT

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Measuring Frequency

XWWarning

To avoid electrical shock, disregard the bar graph for frequencies >1 kHz. If the frequency of the measured signal is >1 kHz, the bar graph is unspecified.

The Meter measures the frequency of a signal. The trigger level is 0 V ac for all ranges.

AC Voltage Frequency

MIN MAX

RANGEHOLD

⇒ To exit frequency, press yellow button or turn the rotary

switch.

⇒ In frequency, the bar graph shows the ac voltage accurately

up to 1 kHz.

⇒ Select progressively lower ranges using manual ranging for a

stable reading.

EOM09F.EPS

Using the Bar Graph

The bar graph is like the needle on an analog Meter. There is an overload indicator (►) to the right, and a polarity indicator (±) to the left.

Because the bar graph is much faster than the digital display, the bar graph is useful for making peak and null adjustments, and for observing rapidly changing inputs.

The bar graph is disabled when measuring capacitance. In frequency, the bar graph accurately indicates the voltage or current up to 1 kHz.

The number of lit segments indicates the measured value and is relative to the full-scale value of the selected range.

For example, in the 60 V range (see below), the major divisions on the scale represent 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 V. An input of −30 V lights the negative sign and the segments up to the middle of the scale.

AIK11F.EPS

Cleaning

Wipe the case with a damp cloth and mild detergent. Do not use abrasives or solvents. Dirt or moisture in the terminals can affect readings.

Testing the Fuses

XWWarning

To avoid electrical shock or injury, remove the test leads and any input signals before replacing the fuse.

Test fuses as shown below.

<12

MIN MAX

RANGEHOLD

<0.5

11 A 440 mA

OKOK

AIK12F.EPS

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