Current canister powders in order of approximate burning rate. This list is approximate only
and not to be used for developing loads.
CONTACT: KALTRON PETTIBONE, 1241 ELLIS ST. BENSENVILLE, IL 60106
PHONE (630) 350-1116
1. R-1, Norma
2. N310, VIHTAVUORI
3. Bullseye, Hercules
4. Solo 1000, Scot
5. No 2, Accurate Arms
6. Red Dot , Hercules
7. Clays, Hodgdon
8. N320, VIHTAVUORI
9. Royal Scot , Scot
10. HP-38, Hodgdon
11. 231, Winchester
12. 453, Scot
13. Hi-Skor 700-X, IMR Co.
14. WST, Winchester
15. International, Hodgdon
16. Green Dot, Hercules
17. N330, VIHTAVUORI
18. PB, IMR Co.
19. No 5, Accurate Arms
20. Pearl Scot, Scot
21. WSL, Winchester
22. Universal, Hodgdon
23. Unique, Hercules
24. SR-7625, IMR Co.
25. WSF, Winchester
26. HS-6, Hodgdon
27. N340, VIHTAVUORI
28. 540, Winchester
29. Herco, Hercules
30. SR-4756, IMR Co
31. Solo 1250, Scot
32. 3N37, VIHTAVUORI
33.Hi-Skor 800-X,
34. No. 7, Accurate Arms
35. Solo 1500, Scot
36. N350, VIHTAVUORI
37. 3N38, VIHTAVUORI
38. HS-7, Hodgdon
39. Blue Dot, Hercules
40. N105, VIHTAVUORI
IMR Co.
41. No. 9, Accurate Arms
42. 2400, Hercules
43. N110, VIHTAVUORI
44. R-123, Norma
45. H110, Hodgdon
46. 296, Winchester
47. SR-4759, IMR Co.
48. N120, VIHTAVUORI
49. IMR-4427, IMR Co.
50. H4227, Hodgdon
51. N130, VIHTAVUORI
52. 1680, Accurate Arms
53. N-200, Norma
54. N133, VIHTAVUORI
55. Brigadier 4197, Scot
56. H4198, Hodgdon
57. IMR-4198, IMR Co.
58. 2015, Accurate Arms
59. Reloder 7, Hercules
60. IMR-3031, IMR Co.
61. N-201, Norma
62. H322, Hodgdon
63. 2230, Accurate Arms
64. Brigadier 3032, Scot
65. 748, Winchester
66. BL-C(2), Hodgdon
67. 2460, Accurate Arms
68. H335, Hodgdon
69. H4895, Hodgdon
70. Reloder 12, Hercules
71. IMR-4895, IMR Co.
72. N135, VIHTAVUORI
73. IMR-4064, IMR Co.
74. Brigadier 4065, Scot
75. 2520, Accurate Arms
76. IMR-4320, IMR Co.
77. N-202, Norma
78. N540 VIHTAVUORI
79. N140, VIHTAVUORI
80. 2700, Accurate Arms
2
81. Reloder 15, Hercules
82. H380, Hodgdon
83. 760, Winchester
84. H414, Hodgdon
85. N550, VIHTAVUORI
86. N150, VIHTAVUORI
87. 4350, Accurate Arms
88. IMR-4350, IMR Co.
89. H4350, Hodgdon
90. N-204, Norma
91. Brigadier 4351, Scot
92. Reloder 19, Hercules
93. N160, VIHTAVUORI
94. N560, VIHTAVUORI
95. IMR-4831, IMR Co
96. H4831, Hodgdon
97. 3100, Accurate Arms
98. MRP, Norma
99. N165, VIHTAVUORI
100. Reloder 22, Hercules
101. IMR-7828, IMR Co.
102. 8700, Accurate Arms
103. N170, VIHTAVUORI
104. H1000. Hodgdon
105. H870, Hodgdon
106. 24N41, VIHTAVUORI
107. 50BMG, Hodgdon
108. 20N29, VIHTAVUORI
Table of Contents
BURNING RATE CHART ....... 2
PREFACE ...................................... 4
VIHTAVUORI POWDERS ....... 5
Rifle Powders ............................. 5
N100 series ............................. 5
N500 series ............................. 5
Powders for .50 BMG ......... 5
Handgun Powders .................... 6
ABOUT THE DATA .................. 6
Disclaimer ................................... 6
How To Use The Data ............ 6
Pressure .......................................7
PROPERTIES AND STORAGE
OF SMOKELESS POWDER ...7
Properties of Smokeless
Powder ........................................ 8
How To Check Smokeless
Powder For Deterioration ....... 8
Considerations For Storage
Of Smokeless Powder .............. 8
Recommendations For Storage
Of Smokeless Powder .............. 8
RELOADING SAFETY .... 9 - 10
RIFLE RELOADING DATA 11
Disclaimer .................................11
.17 Remington ..........................11
.22 Hornet ................................. 11
.222 Remington .......................12
.223 Remington .............. 12 - 13
.22 PPC - USA .........................13
.22-250 Remington ..................14
.220 Swift .................................. 14
6 PPC - USA ............................14
6 BR Norma .............................15
.243 Winchester .............. 15 - 16
6mm Remington ......................16
.240 Weatherby Magnum ....... 17
.25-06 Remington ....................17
6.5 x 55 SE ....................... 18 - 19
6.5 - .283 Norma ..................... 20
.264 Winchester Magnum ...... 20
.270 Winchester ........................ 21
.270 Weatherby Magnum .......21
7mm - 08 Remington ............. 22
7 x 57 ......................................... 22
7mm Rem. Magnum ...............23
7mm Weatherby Magnum ..... 23
.30 Carbine ................................24
.30-30 Winchester .....................24
.300 Savage ............................... 25
.308 Winchester .............. 25 - 27
7.62 x 54R (7.62 Russian) 28- 29
7.5x55 GP31 (7.5mm Swiss) .29
.30 - 06 Springfield ......... 30 - 31
.300 H&H Magnum ................ 32
.308 Norma Magnum .............32
.300 Winchester Mag. ..... 32 - 33
.300 Weatherby Magnum .......33
.300 LAPUA Magnum ........... 34
.300 Remington Ultra Mag ....34
.30-.378 Weatherby Mag. ....... 35
7.62 x 39 ....................................35
.303 British ................................ 35
8mm Mauser (8 x 57 JS) ........ 36
.338 Winchester Magnum ....... 36
.338 LAPUA Magnum ........... 37
.358 Norma Magnum .............37
9.3 x 62 ......................................38
9.3 x 64 ......................................38
.375 H&H Magnum ................ 38
.444 Marlin ................................39
.45-70 Government ................. 39
.458 Winchester Magnum ....... 39
.50 BMG ................................... 40
HANDGUN RELOADING
DATA ............................................ 41
Disclaimer .................................41
7mm TCU ................................ 41
7mm BR Remington ............... 42
7 x 49 GJW...............................42
.32 S.&W. Long N.P. ..............42
.32 S.&W. Long Wadcutter .... 43
.380 ACP ...................................43
9mm Luger ...................... 43 - 45
9 x 21 ......................................... 45
.357 SIG ....................................46
.38 Super Auto ................ 46 - 47
.38 LAPUA Super ................... 47
.38 Special ......................... 48 - 49
.357 Magnum .................. 49 - 50
.357 Remington Maximum ... 50
.40 S.&W. ................................. 51
10mm AUTO ......................... 51
.41 Remington Magnum ........ 52
.44 S.&W. Special .................... 52
.44 Remington Magnum ........ 53
.45 AUTO ................................ 54
.45 Colt ..................................... 54
.45 Winchester Magnum. ....... 55
.454 Casull ................................ 55
.50 AE ....................................... 56
VIHTAVUORI SMOKELESS
LOADS FOR COWBOY ACTION
SHOOTING ............................... 56
.38 Special ................................. 57
.357 Magnum .......................... 57
.44 S.&W. Special .................... 58
.44 Remington Magnum ........ 58
.45 Colt ..................................... 58
NOTES ........................................ 59
VIHTAVUORI DISTRIBUTORS
LIST IN U.S ................................ 63
3
Preface
THIS NEW VIHTAVUORI RELOADING GUIDE 2/2002 REPLACES
ALL RIFLE AND HANDGUN RELOADING DATA PUBLISHED IN
PREVIOUS RELOADING GUIDES INCLUDING EDITIONS FROM 1st
TO 7th. IN ORDER TO ENSURE THE HIGHEST POSSIBLE LEVEL OF
SAFETY PREVIOUS GUIDES SHOULD NO LONGER BE USED.
The new Vihtavuori Reloading Guide 2/2002 for Centerfire Ammunition is an updated version of
the previous Vihtavuori Reloading Guide 1/2002. The contents of this new issue 2/2002 has been
revised with new loading data for:
- Lapua's famous 200 gr D166 FMJBT bullet in cal. 7.62 x 54R,
- cal. 7.5 x 55 GP31(7.5mm Swiss,
- cal. 300 Remington Ultra Magnum,
- cal. .38 LAPUA Super, Lapua's improved .38 Super Auto.
All the loads in this guide are pressured according to the CIP method. The maximum loads given
in the tables are determined according to the CIP/SAAMI maximum pressure specifications,
whichever is lower. The listed maximum loads must never be exceeded.
Due to the differences in the cartridge components, individual weapons, shooting temperatures
etc. always start developing your load by using the starting load according to the loading data. If there
is no indication of the starting load, use 15 % lower charge than the listed maximum load as your
starting load.
The Vihtavuori powders are manufactured by Nexplo Vihtavuori Oy in Vihtavuori plant. Sales
and marketing of reloading powders as well as customer service is carried out by Nammo Lapua Oy.
Vihtavuori powders are distributed through Vihtavuori Distributors. The list of Distributors can be
found at www.vihtavuori.fi /Distributors.html The contact information for customer service is
given in the back of this guide.
We wish you successful reloading with Vihtavuori powders.
4
Rifle Powders
N100 series
The series N100 powders are primarily rifle powders, with
suitable speeds to optimize handloading from the tiny .17
Remington and .22 Hornet all the way to the monster
bashing .458 Winchester Magnum. There are ten speeds
in this series and they include:
N110: This is a very fast burning propellant that can be
used in applications which previously used Hercules 2400,
Hodgdon H110, or Winchester 296. Typical applications
include: .22 Hornet, .25-20 Winchester, .357 S&W Magnum, .357 Maximum, .44 Magnum, and .45 Winchester
Magnum.
N 120: This speed needs higher pressure than N110 in
order to optimize burning. Burning rate falls near the
various 4227s. It works superbly with comparatively light
bullets in .22 caliber cartridges. It is, by nature, a limited
application propellant.
N130: Burning rate is between IMR4227 and the discontinued Winchester 680. This is the powder used in factory
loaded .22 and 6mm PPC.
N133: This speed is very close to IMR 4198 in quickness.
Thus, it is ideal for the .222 Remington, .223 Remington,
and .45-70 Government and other applications where a
relatively fast burning rifle propellant is needed.
N135: This is a moderate burning propellant. It will fit
applications similar to Hercules Reloder 12, IMR-4895 or
IMR 4064. Applications range from the .17 Remington to
the .458 Winchester.
N140: This powder can usually be used in place of
Hercules Reloder 15, IMR 4320, and Hodgdon H380.
Applications include: .222 Remington Magnum, .22-250
Remington (factory powder), .30-30 Winchester, .308
Winchester, .30-06 Springfield, .375 H&H Magnum, and
so on.
N150: This is a moderately slow powder that can help
refine rifle cartridge ballistics when N140 is just a tad too
fast and N160 is a tad too slow. Works well in many
applications previously filled by 760, H414, and IMR
4350.
N160: A relatively slow powder ideally suited to many
magnum and standard rounds requiring a slow propellant. It has characteristics that makes it work well for
applications previously using various 4350’s, Hercules
Reloder 19, and the various 4831’s. For example some
ideal applications are: .243 Winchester, .25-06 Reming-
ton, .264 Winchester Magnum, .270 Winchester (factory
load), 7mm Remington Magnum, .30-06 Springfield, .300
Winchester Magnum, .338 Winchester Magnum, .375
H&H Magnum, etc. This is destined to being one of our
most popular powders.
N165: A very slow burning magnum propellant for use
with heavy bullets. Applications begin very heavy bullets
in the .30-06, and include the .338 Winchester Magnum.
N170: Our slowest speed propellant and the slowest
canister reloading powder generally available from any
manufacturer.
N500 series
Adding nitroglyceriol to the traditional single base powder makes possible in addition to geometry and coating a
third controlled variable of ballistic properties: energy
content. Vihtavuori calls powders which have nitroglycerol added (maximum 25 %) high energy NC-powders,
which form N500 series.
Adding nitroglycerol to the high energy N500 series is
done by impregnation. After that the grains are coated
with a new type of chemical which results in very progressive burning characteristics.
The composition of a typical high energy powder is as
follows:
* nitrocellulose* nitroglycerol
* coating agent* stabilizer
* flame reducing agent* wear reducing agent
Geometrically the powders in the N500 series are equal
to the N100 series. Although these new powders have a
higher energy content, they do not cause greater wear to
the gun. This is because the surface of the powder has
been treated with an agent designed to reduce barrel wear.
N500 series powders work well at different temperatures, even better than the traditional N100 and N300
series. Temperature sensitivity naturally depends very
much on the weapon and on the cartridge. The manufacturing technique employed permits a very high bulk
density, which in turn makes it possible to use a bigger
charge in a certain limited loading volume.
Vihtavuori High Energy powders are available in three
burning rates:
N540: Burning rate like N140. Especially for .308 Winchester.
N550: Burning rate like N150. Especially for .308 Winchester and .30-06 Springfield.
N560: Burning rate like N160. Especially for .270 Winchester and 6.5 x 55 Swedish Mauser.
Powders For .50 BMG
For .50 BMG there are two special Vihtavuori powders available, 24N41 and 20N29. They are, like N100
series, single base surface treated powders. The burning rate of them is slower and their grain size is larger
than that of the N100 series rifle powders. 24N41 is
slightly faster burning than 20N29.
5
Handgun Powders
Handgun powders include the five N300 series propellants and two special propellants:
N310: Very fast burning and competitive with Bullseye
and Accurate No.2. It has applications in a very wide range
from the .25 ACP to the 9mm Luger.
N320 is a handgun powder of comparatively fast burning
rate. Useful in many popular cartridges. Currently available data includes 9mm Luger, .38 Special, .357 Magnum,
.44 Magnum, .45 ACP and .45 (Long) Colt. Burning rate
generally is perhaps a tad faster than 231 or generally
about like Red Dot.
N330: This is a handgun powder that has a burning rate
similar to Green Dot, No. 5, or PB. Data is currently
available for 9mm Luger, .38 Special, .40 S&W, .44 S&W
Special and .45 (Long) Colt.
N340: With a burning rate not dissimilar to Winchester
540 or Herco, this powder is a wide application type. Data
for the following handgun cartridges is currently available: .30 Luger, 9mm Luger, .38 S&W (Colt New Police),
.38 Super Auto, .38 Special, .357 Magnum, .44 Magnum,
.45 Auto and .45 (Long) Colt.
N350: This is the slowest burning propellant in the N300
series. Burning speed is about like Blue Dot, “Hi-Skor”
800-X or No. 7. Data is currently available for: 9mm
Luger, .38 Super Auto, .38 Special, .357 Magnum, .44
Magnum and .45 Auto.
3N37: Burning speed is between N340 and N350, close to
“Hi-Skor” 800-X, and it therefore has applications also in
handgun cartridges. Data is currently available for all
popular handgun calibers. The characteristics of this
propellant makes it very desirable for competitive handgun shooting.
3N38: A powder for the high velocity loads of the 9mm
Luger and the .38 Super with moderate bullet weight.
Designed specially for competitive handgun shooting.
N105Super Magnum: This special powder has a burning rate between N350 and N110. It is especially developed for handgun cartridges with heavy bullets and/or
large case volume. Reloading data is currently available for
9 x 21mm, .38 Super Auto, .357 Magnum, .40 S&W,
10mm Auto, .44 Remington Magnum and .45 Winchester
Magnum.
About the Data
Disclaimer
As Nammo Lapua Oy has no control over improper
storage, handling, loading or use of our powders after they
have left the factory, we make no warranty of any kind,
either expressed or implied, limited or full. We specifically
disclaim all warranties of fitness for a particular purpose
and merchantability. We specifically disclaim all liability
for consequential damages of any kind whatsoever, whether
or not due to seller’s negligence or based on strict product
liability or principle of indemnity or contribution, Nammo Lapua Oy neither assumes nor authorizes any person
to assume for it any liability in connection with the u se of
this product.
How To Use The Data
Our rifle and handgun data listings generally contain
maximum charges which are not to be exceeded. In some
instances starting loads are also listed. Currently this
booklet contains all of the data we can supply. Be certain
you use the correct data and the specific bullet weight
shown.
By staying 5 % below the maximum powder charge
weight, pressures will be reduced by about 10 % while
velocities will be only about 3 % lower than listed.
Caution: When loading handgun cartridges it is vital to
maintain the minimum cartridge overall length (C.O.L.)
listed in the tables. Shorter overall lengths may double
chamber pressures. Longer lengths are permissible so
long as the functioning of the handgun will not be
impaired.
The data in the loading tables were obtained at an
ambient temperature of 68 degrees Fahrenheit and relative humidity of 55 %. The values obtained were under
carefully controlled conditions and may vary from those
obtained with your firearm, specific component lots,
loading dimensions, and loading procedures. The maximum charges must NEVER be exceeded. Start loading
with the starting load according to the loading data.
If there is no indication of the starting load, use 15 %
lower charge than the listed maximum. When loading
cartridges for which the listed charge is 10 grains or less,
after firing 10 rounds at the minimum weight (15 % below
maximum), increase charge weights by 0.2 grains and fire
another 10 rounds. Repeat this procedure, if necessary,
until you reach, but do not exceed, the maximum listed
charge. The same process is followed for heavier charges
except that charge weights from 11 to 25 grains use
increments of 0.5 grains. For charges over 25 grains
increments of 1.0 grains will be correct.
If even a single test round shows signs of excessive
pressure discontinue the use of the load. Do not fire even
a single additional cartridge. Seek qualified help before
proceeding!
The traditional sign of overpressure is a flattened
primer. When flattened primers start to occur, it is a
definite warning that the charge should be reduced,
quickly. Brass getting into the ejector and extractor cavities is a worse case. Blown out primers are worse still. If
a case ruptures it may be a sign of a defective case or a truly
lethal chamber pressure.
In case of overpressure signs it is wiser to back off, to
be safe rather than sorry. Why risk potentially fatal injury?
6
Better to stop shooting and immediately discard all such
reloads.
Read also the Reloading Safety Rules on pages 9 and
10.
Pressure
There are numerous factors which can change the
ballistic performance of a load even when the data is
followed exactly. For example: The internal dimensions
of a firearm can vary greatly even between two of the
same make and model. Pressures can vary to extremes as
different firearms are used. Each change in brand and
even within different lots of a specific brand component
can cause notable ballistic changes. Too, changes in
ambient temperature can also cause ballistic altering
pressures. Not every bullet of a given diameter and weight
will produce alike pressure. Changes in case brand can
also effect ballistics. There are numerous other causes of
varying pressure levels.
Therefore it is essential that the reloader be well versed
in the methods of carefully working up a reload powder
charge in small increments as outlined in the various
reloading handbooks that are available from reliable
sources. The data in this book is not intended for use by
persons not thoroughly versed in such procedures.
This guide must supplemented by a good reloading
handbook such as the Lapua Reloading Manual, the DBI
Metallic Cartridge Reloading, the Vihtavuori Reloading
Manual or other recognized manuals that may offer all
appropriate information.
Properties of Smokeless Powder
Smokeless powders, or propellants, are essentially mixtures of chemicals designed to bum under controlled
conditions at the proper rate to propel a projectile from
a gun.
Smokeless powders are made in three forms:
1. Thin, circular flakes or wafers
2. Small cylinders
3. Small spheres
Single-base smokeless powders derive their main source
of energy from nitrocellulose.
The energy released from double-base smokeless powders is derived from both nitrocellulose and nitroglycerine.
All smokeless powders are extremely flammable by
design, they are intended to bum rapidly and vigorously
when ignited.
Oxygen from the air is not necessary for the combustion of smokeless powders since they contain sufficient
built-in oxygen to burn completely, even in an enclosed
space such as the chamber of a firearm.
In effect, ignition occurs when the powder granules are
heated above their ignition temperature. This can occur
by exposing powder to:
1. A flame such as a match or primer flash.
2. An electrical spark or the sparks from welding,
grinding, etc..
3. Heat from an electric hot plate or a fire directed or
near a closed container even if the powder itself is
not exposed to the flame.
When smokeless powder burns, a great deal of gas at
high temperature is formed. If the powder is confined,
this gas will create pressure in the surrounding structure.
The rate of gas generation is such, however, that the
pressure can be kept at a low level if sufficient space is
available or if the gas can escape.
In this respect smokeless powder differs from blasting
agents or high explosives such as dynamite or blasting
gelatin, although smokeless powder may contain chemical ingredients common to some of these products.
High explosives such as dynamite are made to detonate, that is, to change from solid state to gaseous state
with evolution of intense heat at such a rapid rate that
shock waves are propagated through any medium in
contact with them. Such shock waves exert pressure on
anything they contact, and, as a matter of practical consideration, it is almost impossible to satisfactorily vent away
the effects of a detonation involving any appreciable
quantity of dynamite
Smokeless powder differs considerably in its burning
characteristics from common “black powder”.
Black powder burns essentially at the same rate out in
the open (unconfined) as when in a gun.
When ignited in an unconfined state, smokeless powder burns inefficiently with an orange-colored flame. It
produces a considerable amount of light brown noxious
smelling smoke. It leaves a residue of ash and partially
burned powder. The flame is hot enough to cause severe
bums.
The opposite is true when it burns under pressure as in
a cartridge fired in a gun. Then it produces very little
smoke, a small glow, and leaves very little or no residue.
The burning rate of smokeless powder increases with
increased pressure.
If burning smokeless powder is confined, gas pressure
will rise and eventually can cause the container to burst.
Under such circumstances, the bursting of a strong
container creates effects similar to an explosion.
For this reason, the Department of Transportation
(formerly Interstate Commerce Commission) sets specifications for shipping containers for propellants and
requires tests for loaded containers - under actual fire
conditions - before approving them for use.
When smokeless powder in D.O.T. approved containers is ignited during such tests, container seams split open
or lids pop off - to release gases and powder from
confinement at low pressure.
7
How to Check Smokeless Powder for
Deterioration
Although modern smokeless powders are basically free
from deterioration under proper storage conditions,
safe practices require a recognition of the signs of deterioration and its possible effects.
Powder deterioration can be checked by opening the
cap on the container and smelling the contents.
Powder undergoing deterioration has an irritating acidic odor. (Don’t confuse this with common solvent odors
such as alcohol, ether and acetone).
Check to make certain that powder is not exposed to
extreme heat as this may cause deterioration. Such exposure produces an acidity which accelerates further reaction and has been known, because of the heat generated
by the reaction, to cause spontaneous combustion.
Never salvage powder from old cartridges and do not
attempt to blend salvaged powder with new powder.
Don’t accumulate old powder stocks. The best way to
dispose of deteriorated smokeless powder is to bum it out
in the open at an isolated location in small shallow piles
(not over 1" deep). The quantity burned in any one pile
should never exceed one pound. Use an ignition train of
slow burning combustible material so that the person may
retreat to a safe distance before powder is ignited.
Considerations for Storage of
Smokeless Powder
Smokeless powder is intended to function by burning, so
it must be protected against accidental exposure to flame,
sparks or high temperatures.
For these reasons, it is desirable that storage enclosures
be made of insulating materials to protect the powder
from external heat sources.
Once smokeless powder begins to burn, it will normally
continue to burn (and generate gas pressure) until it is
consumed.
D.O.T. approved containers are constructed to open
up at low internal pressures to avoid the effects normally
produced by the rupture or bursting of a strong container.
Storage enclosures for smokeless powder should be
constructed in a similar manner:
1. Of fire-resistant and heat-insulating materials t
o protect contents from external heat.
2. Sufficiently large to satisfactorily vent the gaseous
products of combustion which would result if the
quantity of smokeless powder within the enclosure
accidentally ignited.
If a small, tightly enclosed storage enclosure is loaded
to capacity with containers of smokeless powder, the walls
of the enclosure will expand or move outwards to release
the gas pressure - if the powder in storage is accidentally
ignited.
Under such conditions, the effects of the release of gas
pressure are similar or identical to the effects produced
by an explosion.
Hence only the smallest practical quantities of smokeless powder should be kept in storage, and then in strict
compliance with all applicable regulations and recommendations of the National Fire Protection Association.
Recommendations for Storage of
Smokeless Powder
STORE IN A COOL, DRY PLACE. Be sure the storage
area selected is free from any possible sources of excess
heat and is isolated from open flame, furnaces, hot water
heaters, etc. Do not store smokeless powder where it will
be exposed to the sun’s rays. Avoid storage in areas where
mechanical or electrical equipment is in operation. Restrict from the storage areas heat or sparks which may
result from improper, defective or overloaded electrical
circuits.
DO NOT STORE SMOKELESS POWDER IN THE
SAME AREA WITH SOLVENTS, FLAMMABLE
GASES OR HIGHLY COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS.
STORE ONLY IN DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION APPROVED CONTAINERS.
Do not transfer the powder from an approved container
into one which is not approved.
DO NOT SMOKE IN AREAS WHERE POWDER IS
STORED OR USED. Place appropriate “NO SMOKING” signs in these areas.
DO NOT SUBJECT THE STORAGE CABINETSSHOULD BE CONSTRUCTED OF INSULATING
MATERIALS AND WITH A WEAK WALL, SEAMS
OR JOINTS TO PROVIDE AN EASY MEANS OF
SELFVENTING.
DO NOT KEEP OLD OR SALVAGED POWDERS.
Check old powders for deterioration regularly. Destroy
deteriorated powders immediately.
OBEY ALL REGULATIONS REGARDING QUANTITY AND METHODS OF STORING. Do not store
all your powders in one place. If you can, maintain
separate storage locations. Many small containers are
safer than one or more large containers.
KEEP YOUR STORAGE AND USE AREA CLEAN.
Clean up spilled powder promptly. Make sure the surrounding area is free of trash or other readily combustible
materials.
The above information has been provided with permission from SAAMI: SPORTING ARMS AND AMMUNITION MANUFACTURERS' INSTITUTE, INC.
P.O. Box 838, Branford, CT 06405.
8
Reloading Safety
Reloading is an enjoyable and rewarding hobby that is easily conducted with safety. But like many other human
endeavours, carelessness or negligence can make reloading hazardous. The essence of reloading safety is proper
handling and storage of primers and powder. As important is strict following of the instructions given by the
manufacturers of the reloading equipment as well as the reloading components.
Before you get started, read the safety rules below and keep them in mind whenever reloading. Attention paid
to detail and patience ensures safety and quality!
❍ Reload only when you can give it your undivided attention. Do not reload, when fatigued or ill. Develop
your own reloading routine to avoid mistakes. Avoid haste, load at a leisurely place and keep in mind
that absolutely no reloading under the influence of alcohol or drugs!
❍ Always wear proper eye protection. It is an unnecessary risk to reload without safety glasses.
❍ Store powder and primers out of reach of children and away from heat and open fire. Follow the
manufacturer's instructions on your powder canister. Never smoke during a reloading session!
❍ Keep no more powder than needed available. Immediately return the unused powder to its original
factory container to preserve its identity and usable life time.
❍ Do not use any powder unless its identity is positively known. Scrap all unidentified powders according
to the manufacturer's instructions on your powder canister. Keep in mind that the trial-and-error
method may lead to serious injury!
❍ Do not store primers in bulk! Doing so will create a bomb! Bulk primers will very likely mass
detonate. The blast of a few hundred primers corresponds to a hand grenade in a room! Do not force
primers in any circumstances. Take special care when filling and handling auto primer feed tubes. Keep
primers in their original factory packing until used. Return unused primers to their original packing.
❍ Do not use primers if their identity is lost. Discard them according to the manufacturer's instructions.
❍ Start loading with the starting load according to the loading data. If there is no indication of the starting
load, use 15 % lower charge than the listed maximum load. Increase the charge using small steps watching
for overpressure signs from the primer and the case head at each step. If you detect overpressure signs
immediately stop shooting and reduce the charge. Disassemble always the defected cartridges.
NEVER EXCEED THE MAXIMUM LOADS!
❍ Check visually the powder level in the cases so you are absolutely sure that you have no double powder
charge. When a double powder charge is fired it may result in a gun damage, personal injury, even death.
❍ If you change the lot of any component or if you change any of the components of your reload, you must
develop your load from the starting load again. A different component as well as a component from a
different manufacturing lot may cause changes in cartridge pressure.
❍ You must absolutely follow the given cartridge overall lengths (C.O.L.) according to the reloading tables.
The change in the bullet seating depth has a significant influence on the cartridge pressure.
❍ Never reduce loads under the listed starting load.
❍ Keep your reloading bench in good order. Clean up spilled powder and primers promptly and
completely. Remember that the reloading bench is not a temporary store for other tools, used car spare
parts etc.
❍ Use your reloading equipment according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Study the instruc-
tions carefully and don't hesitate to ask, if you don't understand everything.
❍ Be safe, be conscientious!
9
Reloading Safety
LEAD EXPOSURE
A continuous lead exposure has been found out to create lead accumulation to living bodies, specially to the nervous
system causing little by little serious physical impairment. Some unused reloading components as well as fired cases
can contain lead or lead compounds, it is possible to a reloader to get exposed during reloading. Primers and bullets
contain lead and it may be present as a residue in fired cartridge cases, too.
There are different ways lead may enter the body. However, the two most common are considered to be the
mouth and the breathing. Therefore with simple precautions described underneath the possible lead exposure and
its dangerous consequences can be avoided.
❍ WASH YOUR HANDS thoroughly with warm water and soap after shooting or reloading.
❍ DO NOT EAT OR DRINK during a reloading session. When handling fired cartridge cases the
residual containing lead most likely gets to your hands. Therefore eating something requiring a straight
hand contact during a reloading session hazards the reloader to lead exposure. Keep your hands away
from your nose or your mouth during a reloading session.
❍ KEEP GOOD HOUSEHOLD AT YOUR RELOADING SITE. Regular cleaning prevents the
accumulation of residuals. Use a damp cloth or mop to clean up the reloading bench as well as the floor
underneath. DO NOT USE A VACUUM CLEANER! The use of it dues to a potential risk of
exposure because of spilled powder it collects up. Furthermore an ordinary vacuum cleaner more spreads
than collects up the dust containing residuals. Do not use any carpet at your reloading site. Carpet is hard
to keep dust-free and it can create static electricity that can accidentally fire a primer.
❍ PROTECT YOUR BREATHING AGAINST THE DUST IN THE RELOADING AREA.
When using a dry cleaning media in tumbling the cartridge cases keep in mind that the lead residual from
the fired cases moves to the dry cleaning media, where it accumulates by use. Wear always a dust mask
when pouring the dry cleaning media out of the tumbler and be careful not to spill the media on your
reloading bench.
10
RIFLE RELOADING DATA
DISCLAIMER
I. All of this reloading information has been provided by Nexplo Vihtavuori Oy and
Nammo Lapua Oy. The data given here were obtained in laboratory conditions
following strictly the CIP (Commission International Permanente) June 13, 1990
and November 9, 1993 rules. The listed maximum loads have been determined
according to the respective CIP/SAAMI maximum pressure specification, whichever is lower.
These test methods have been deemed to be safe throughout the world. Pressure
is measured at the case mouth or from inside the case according to the CIP.
DO NOT ATTEMPT ANY EXTRAPOLATIONS. PLEASE FOLLOW THE
DATA AS WRITTEN.
II. IT IS A MUST FOR EVERY RELOADER TO READ THE RELOADING
SAFETY RULES ON THE PAGES 9 AND 10 OF THIS GUIDE.
WARNING: These loads are to be used only in modern lever and bolt action rifles maufactured to meet
CIP/SAAMI recommendations. They must NOT be used in old rifles with weaker actions like
Trapdoor and Marlin mod. 1895. The listed maximum loads do not exceed 28100 psi.
BOLD TEXT INDICATES MAXIMUM LOAD - USE WITH CAUTION!
LOADS LESS THAN MINIMUM CHARGES SHOWN ARE NOT RECOMMENDED
40
HANDGUN RELOADING DATA
DISCLAIMER
I. All of this reloading information has been provided by Nexplo Vihtavuori Oy and
Nammo Lapua Oy. The data given here were obtained in laboratory conditions
following strictly the CIP (Commission International Permanente) June 13, 1990 and
November 9, 1993 rules. The listed maximum loads have been determined according
to the respective CIP/SAAMI maximum pressure specification, whichever is lower.
These test methods have been deemed to be safe throughout the world. Pressure
is measured at the case mouth or from inside the case according to the CIP.
DO NOT ATTEMPT ANY EXTRAPOLATIONS. PLEASE FOLLOW THE
DATA AS WRITTEN.
II. IT IS A MUST FOR EVERY RELOADER TO READ THE RELOADING
SAFETY RULES ON THE PAGES 9-10 OF THIS GUIDE.
Test barrel: 14", 1 in 10" twist
7mm TCU
NOTE: This caliber is not supported by CIP or SAAMI. The listed maximum loads do not exceed 46500 psi.
BOLD TEXT INDICATES MAXIMUM LOAD - USE WITH CAUTION!
LOADS LESS THAN MINIMUM CHARGES SHOWN ARE NOT RECOMMENDED
Test barrel: 6", 1 in 19" twist
Primers:Large Pistol
Cases:Speer, trim-to length 1.275"
N11025.3129928.61499
N12032.5118836.01368
N11024.1127027.01460
N12030.7113934.51339
Vihtavuori Smokeless Loads for Cowboy Action Shooting
About the Data
These loads are developed to give the velocities required for the cowboy action shooting using revolvers
with lead bullets. The maximum load is determined by
the velocity limit about 1000 fps, or by the maximum
pressure limit according to the SAAMI March 9, 1993
(Z299.3-1993). The bold text in the tables indicate the
maximum load according to SAAMI pressure level.
The maximum loads must never be exceeded.
All the listed loads are intended to be used in
modern firearms, which are according to the SAAMI
requirements. Please use a competent gunsmith to
evaluate that the condition of your gun is adequate to
be used with the pressures indicated in the tables. The
starting loads are the lowest charges which appeared to
give clean burning, i.e. no unburned residues in the
barrel or in the case, in our test shooting. This limit
may, however vary according to the individual revolver
used.
There are some special features, which must be
considered, when using reduced loads like the ones
presented in the tables bellow. The same facts are
equally valid always when using any smokeless powder
in such loads.
1) Double charges
Some of these loads are so small that throwing the load
twice in the same case is possible because of the large
case volume. Doubling the charge accidentally causes
most probably truly lethal chamber pressures. Therefore, it is a must for everyone using this data to
check visually every single load for the double
charge before seating the bullet.
2) Free space in the case
When using charges which leave large amount of free
space in the case, the shooting characteristics may vary
largely depending on where the powder is located in
the case. If the powder lies totally in the bottom of the
case (i.e. in the end where primer is), the muzzle
velocity and especially the maximum pressure become
much higher. The maximum pressure may even be
doubled when same powder charge is moved from the
bullet end to the primer end of the case. This can
simply be demonstrated by shaking the revolver barrel
upwards or barrel downwards just before turning it
smoothly in horizontal position, aiming and shooting.
Also the recoil may transfer the powder in either end
of the case. This is sometimes seen as a velocity change
between the first shot and the following shots.
The shot to shot deviations in velocity and pressure
are normally increased when using load which leaves
the cases half empty. For this reason such loads are not
recommended for target loads. The data below is
tested in a way that the powder is as much as possible
in the primer side before firing, and therefore, the
pressures and the velocities represent the maximum
values which were obtained using our test equipment
and cartridge components indicated in the table.
56
3) Risk for underload detonation
This risk is always present when using highly reduced
loads of any smokeless powder. The large free space in
the case may generate a pressure wave which can cause,
in the worst case, powder to burn as a shock wave, i.e.
to detonate, instead of normal fast burning process.
The extremely sharp pressure peeks involved in detonation can destroy the weapon and may lead to serious
injury.
All these loads given here are extensively pressure
tested and no sings of underload detonation were
found. We strongly recommend everyone to follow
strictly these tables to minimize the risk for underload
detonation.
Warnings
Smokeless powder differs considerably in its burning
characteristics from common ”black powder”. Black
powder burns essentially at the same rate in the open
(unconfined) as when in a gun. The burning rate of
smokeless powder increases with increasing pressure.
If burning smokeless powder is confined, gas pressure
will rise and eventually can cause the container or
chamber to burst. A slight increase in smokeless
powder charge after maximum load causes sharp
increase in maximum pressure in the chamber. Never
Thank you for showing interest in Vihtavuori Smokeless Powders, the most clean burning, accurate, consistent
reloading powder in the world.
We hope our reloading guide has been informative and useful to you. For more in depth information, we also offer
a hard bound Vihtavuori Reloading Manual. Distribution of Vihtavuori Powders is from the manufacturer to the
exclusive importer.
KALTRON-PETTIBONE
1241 ELLIS STREET
BENSENVILLE, IL 60106
PHONE: (630) 350-1116
E-MAIL: jbolda@kaltron.com
The Vihtavuori Powders are available thorough our distirbutors listed below:
605 EAST 13TH AVENUE
ANCHORAGE, AK 99501
(907) 272-6431
Most of these distributors also carry
our LAPUA products, please call
us at (800) 683-0464 for an extended list of dealers in your local
area as well as to inquire about our
LAPUA Components and Ammunition!
More information:
Vihtavuori Reloading Manual,
3rd edition
Customer service:
Nammo Lapua Oy
P.O. BOX 5, FIN-63101 Lapua, Finland
tel. +358 6 4310 111, fax. +358 6 4310 317
www.vihtavuori.fi
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