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APPENDIX B USING KANJI FONT ..................................................................... 172
ivEPSONS1C88650 TECHNICAL MANUAL
1INTRODUCTION
1 INTRODUCTION
The S1C88650 is an 8-bit microcomputer for
portable equipment with an LCD display that has a
built-in LCD controller/driver and a character
generator (kanji) ROM. This microcomputer
features low-voltage (1.8 V) and high-speed (8.2
MHz) operations as well as low-current
consumption (2.5 µA during standby).
The LCD controller/driver contains an LCD drive
power supply circuit and can drive an maximum of
126 × 32-dot LCD panel in low-power consumption.
The S1C88650 has a built-in 11 × 12-dot kanji font
other characters and user-defined characters, this
makes it possible to display kanji characters
without any external kanji font ROM (refer to
Appendix B, "USING KANJI FONT"). This 8-bit
CPU has up to 16MB accessible address space
allowing easy implementation of a large data
processing application.
The S1C88650 is suitable for display modules,
portable CD/MD, solid audio players, PDA, data
bank and other applications that required an
exclusive LCD driver in conventional systems.
ROM that contains JIS level-1 and level-2 kanji sets,
1.1Features
Table 1.1.1 lists the features of the S1C88650.
Table 1.1.1 Main features
Core CPU
Main
(OSC3)
Sub
Instruction set
Min. instruction execution time
Internal ROM capacity
Internal RAM capacity
Bus line
Input port
Output port
I/O port
Serial interface
Timer
LCD driver
Watchdog timer
Supply voltage detection
(SVD) circuit
Interrupt
Supply voltage
Current consumption
Supply form
S1C88650 TECHNICAL MANUALEPSON1
oscillation circuit
(OSC1)
oscillation circuit
∗ The current consumption with LCD ON listed above is the value under the conditions of LCDCx = "11 (all on)", LCx = "0FH" and
"No panel load". Current consumption increases according to the display contents and panel load.
S1C88 (MODEL3) CMOS 8-bit core CPU
Crystal oscillation circuit/ceramic oscillation circuit 8.2 MHz (Max.), or CR oscillation circuit 2.2 MHz (Max.)
Crystal oscillation circuit 32.768 kHz (Typ.), or CR oscillation circuit 200 kHz (Max.)
608 types (usable for multiplication and division instructions)
0.244 µsec/8.2 MHz (2 clock)
48K bytes/program ROM
896K bytes/kanji font ROM (can be used for a program and data ROM when no font data is stored.)
8K bytes/RAM 768 bytes/display memory
Address bus:
Data bus:
CE signal:
WR signal:
RD signal:
8 bits (4 bits can be used as the source clock inputs for PWM timers and 1 bit as a bus request signal input)
0–3 bits (when the external bus is used)
26 bits (when the external bus is not used)
8 bits (when the external bus is used)
16 bits (when the external bus is not used)
1 ch (optional clock synchronous system or asynchronous system)
Programmable timer:
Clock timer:
Dot matrix type (supports 16 × 16/5 × 8 or 12 × 12 dot font)
126 segments × 32, 16 or 8 commons (1/5 bias)
Built-in LCD power supply circuit (booster type, 5 potentials)
Built-in (1–8 second cycles)
13 value programmable (1.8–2.7 V)
External interrupt:
Internal interrupt:
1.8–3.6 V
SLEEP mode: 1 µA(Typ.)
HALT mode: 2.5 µA(Typ.) 32 kHz crystal, LCD OFF
Run state:9 µA(Typ.) 32 kHz crystal, LCD OFF
QFP22-256pin or chip
20 bits (also usable as general output ports when not used for the bus)
8 bits (also usable as general I/O ports when not used for the bus)
3 bits
1 bit
(also usable as general output ports when not used for the bus)
1 bit
(1 bit can be configured for the bus acknowledge signal output)
(shard with serial interface, FOUT and TOUT terminals)
Output terminals (R10–R17) or address bus (A8–A15)
O
Output terminals (R20–R23) or address bus (A16–A19)
O
Output terminal (R24) or read signal output terminal (RD)
O
Output terminal (R25) or write signal output terminal (WR)
O
Output terminals (R30–R32) or chip enable signal output terminals (CE0–CE2)
O
Output terminal (R33) or bus acknowledge signal output terminal (BACK)
I/O
I/O terminals (P00–P07) or data bus (D0–D7)
I/O
I/O terminal (P10) or serial I/F data input terminal (SIN)
I/O
I/O terminal (P11) or serial I/F data output terminal (SOUT)
I/O
I/O terminal (P12) or serial I/F clock I/O terminal (SCLK)
I/O
I/O terminal (P13) or serial I/F ready signal output terminal (SRDY)
I/O
I/O terminal (P14)
or programmable timer underflow signal output terminal (TOUT0/TOUT1)
I/O
I/O terminal (P15)
or programmable timer underflow signal output terminal (TOUT2/TOUT3)
I/O
I/O terminal (P16) or clock output terminal (FOUT)
I/O
I/O terminal (P17)
or programmable timer underflow inverted signal output terminal (TOUT2/TOUT3)
O
LCD common output terminals
O
LCD segment output terminals
I
Initial reset input terminal
I
Test input terminal
–
Test terminal (open during normal operation)
4EPSONS1C88650 TECHNICAL MANUAL
1 INTRODUCTION
1.4Mask Option
Mask options shown below are provided for the
S1C88650.
Several hardware specifications are prepared in
each mask option, and one of them can be selected
according to the application. Multiple specifications
are available in each option item as indicated in the
Select the specifications that meet the target system
and check the appropriate box.
The option selection is done interactively on the
screen during function option generator winfog
execution, using this option list as reference. Mask
pattern of the IC is finally generated based on the
data created by the winfog. Refer to the
"S5U1C88000C Manual II" for details on the winfog.
Option List.
PERIPHERAL CIRCUIT BOARD option list
The following shows the options for configuring the Peripheral Circuit Board (S5U1C88000P1 with
S5U1C88649P2) installed in the ICE (S5U1C88000H5). The selections do not affect the IC's mask option.
A OSC1 SYSTEM CLOCK
■■ 1. Internal Clock
■■ 2. User Clock
B OSC3 SYSTEM CLOCK
■■ 1. Internal Clock
■■ 2. User Clock
When User Clock is selected, input a clock to the OSC1
terminal. When Internal Clock is selected, the clock
frequency is changed according to the oscillation circuit
selected by the IC's mask option.
When User Clock is selected, input a clock to the OSC3
terminal. When Internal Clock is selected, the clock
frequency is changed according to the oscillation circuit
selected by the IC's mask option.
S1C88650 mask option list
The following shows the option list for generating the IC's mask pattern. Note that the Peripheral Circuit
Board installed in the ICE does not support some options.
1 OSC1 SYSTEM CLOCK
■■ 1. Crystal
■■ 2. CR
2 OSC3 SYSTEM CLOCK
■■ 1. Crystal
■■ 2. Ceramic
■■ 3. CR
3 MULTIPLE KEY ENTRY RESET
• Combination ..■■ 1. Not Use
■■ 2. Use K00, K01
■■ 3. Use K00, K01, K02
■■ 4. Use K00, K01, K02, K03
4 INPUT PORT PULL UP RESISTOR
• K00...................■■ 1. With Resistor ■■ 2. Gate Direct
• K01...................■■ 1. With Resistor ■■ 2. Gate Direct
• K02...................■■ 1. With Resistor ■■ 2. Gate Direct
• K03...................■■ 1. With Resistor ■■ 2. Gate Direct
• K04...................■■ 1. With Resistor ■■ 2. Gate Direct
• K05...................■■ 1. With Resistor ■■ 2. Gate Direct
• K06...................■■ 1. With Resistor ■■ 2. Gate Direct
• K07...................■■ 1. With Resistor ■■ 2. Gate Direct
• MCU/MPU .... ■■ 1. With Resistor ■■ 2. Gate Direct
• RESET .............■■ 1. With Resistor ■■ 2. Gate Direct
______
________
The specification of the OSC1 oscillation circuit can be
selected from among two types: "Crystal oscillation" and
"CR oscillation". Refer to Section 5.4.3, "OSC1 oscillation
circuit", for details.
The specification of the OSC3 oscillation circuit can be
selected from among three types: "Crystal oscillation",
"Ceramic oscillation" and "CR oscillation". Refer to
Section 5.4.4, "OSC3 oscillation circuit", for details.
This mask option can select whether the multiple key
entry reset function is used or not. When the function is
used, a combination of the input ports (K00–K03), which
are connected to the keys, can be selected. Refer to
Section 4.1.2, "Simultaneous LOW level input at input
port terminals K00–K03", for details.
This mask option can select whether the pull-up resistor
for the input (K) port terminal is used or not. It is
possible to select for each bit of the input ports. Refer to
Section 5.5, "Input Ports (K ports)", for details.
Furthermore, a pull-up option is also provided for the
______________
MCU/MPU and RESET terminals.
S1C88650 TECHNICAL MANUALEPSON5
1 INTRODUCTION
5 I/O PORT PULL UP RESISTOR
• P00 ......... ■■ 1. With Resistor■■ 2. Gate Direct
• P01 ......... ■■ 1. With Resistor■■ 2. Gate Direct
• P02 ......... ■■ 1. With Resistor■■ 2. Gate Direct
• P03 ......... ■■ 1. With Resistor■■ 2. Gate Direct
• P04 ......... ■■ 1. With Resistor■■ 2. Gate Direct
• P05 ......... ■■ 1. With Resistor■■ 2. Gate Direct
• P06 ......... ■■ 1. With Resistor■■ 2. Gate Direct
• P07 ......... ■■ 1. With Resistor■■ 2. Gate Direct
• P10 ......... ■■ 1. With Resistor■■ 2. Gate Direct
• P11 ......... ■■ 1. With Resistor■■ 2. Gate Direct
• P12 ......... ■■ 1. With Resistor■■ 2. Gate Direct
• P13 ......... ■■ 1. With Resistor■■ 2. Gate Direct
• P14 ......... ■■ 1. With Resistor■■ 2. Gate Direct
• P15 ......... ■■ 1. With Resistor■■ 2. Gate Direct
• P16 ......... ■■ 1. With Resistor■■ 2. Gate Direct
• P17 ......... ■■ 1. With Resistor■■ 2. Gate Direct
6 INPUT PORT INPUT I/F LEVEL
• K00......... ■■ 1. CMOS Level■■ 2. CMOS Schmitt
• K01......... ■■ 1. CMOS Level■■ 2. CMOS Schmitt
• K02......... ■■ 1. CMOS Level■■ 2. CMOS Schmitt
• K03......... ■■ 1. CMOS Level■■ 2. CMOS Schmitt
• K04......... ■■ 1. CMOS Level■■ 2. CMOS Schmitt
• K05......... ■■ 1. CMOS Level■■ 2. CMOS Schmitt
• K06......... ■■ 1. CMOS Level■■ 2. CMOS Schmitt
• K07......... ■■ 1. CMOS Level■■ 2. CMOS Schmitt
This mask option can select whether the pull-up resistor
for the I/O port terminal (it works during input mode) is
used or not. It is possible to select for each bit of the I/O
ports. Refer to Section 5.7, "I/O Ports (P ports)", for
details.
This mask option can select the interface level of the
input (K) port from either the CMOS level or CMOS
Schmitt level. It is possible to select for each bit of the
input ports. Refer to Section 5.5, "Input Ports (K ports)",
for details.
The input port on the ICE (with the Peripheral Circuit
Board installed) is fixed to the CMOS level interface
regardless of this option selection.
This mask option can select the interface level of the I/O
(P) port from either the CMOS level or CMOS Schmitt
level. It is possible to select for each bit of the I/O ports.
Refer to Section 5.7, "I/O Ports (P ports)", for details.
The input port on the ICE (with the Peripheral Circuit
Board installed) is fixed to the CMOS level interface
regardless of this option selection.
This mask option can select the NMI generation cycle of
______
the watchdog timer. Refer to Section 5.3.1, "Configuration
of watchdog timer", for details.
6EPSONS1C88650 TECHNICAL MANUAL
2POWER SUPPLY
In this section, we will explain the operating voltage and the configuration of the internal power
supply circuit of the S1C88650.
2 POWER SUPPLY
2.1Operating V oltage
The S1C88650 operating power voltage is as
follows:
1.8 V to 3.6 V
2.2Internal Power Supply Circuit
The S1C88650 incorporates the power supply
circuit shown in Figure 2.2.1. When voltage within
the range described above is supplied to VDD (+)
and VSS (GND), all the voltages needed for the
internal circuit are generated internally in the IC.
Roughly speaking, the power supply circuit is
divided into three sections.
Table 2.2.1 Power supply circuit
Circuit
Oscillation circuits,
Internal circuits
LCD system voltage
regulator
LCD driver
The internal logic voltage regulator generates the
operating voltage <VD1> for driving the internal
logic circuits and the oscillation circuit.
The VD1 voltage value is fixed at 1.8 V (Typ.).
The power voltage booster generates the operating
voltage <V
D2> for the LCD system voltage
regulator.
External
power
supply
Power supply circuit
Internal logic
voltage regulator
Power voltage
booster
LCD system voltage
regulator
VDD
VD1
Output voltage
VD1
VDD or VD2
VC1–VC5
Internal logic
voltage regulator
Either <V
DD> or <VD2> can be selected as the
power source for the LCD system voltage regulator
according to the <VDD> power supply voltage
level.
Table 2.2.2 Power source for LCD system
voltage regulator
Supply voltage
VDD
1.8–2.5 V
2.5–3.6 V
Power source for
LCD system voltage regulator
VD2
VDD
The VD2 voltage is about double the VDD voltage
level. Refer to Chapter 8, "ELECTRICAL
CHARACTERISTICS", for details.
The LCD system voltage regulator generates the 1/
5-bias LCD drive voltages <VC1>, <VC2>, <VC3>,
<VC4> and <VC5>. See Chapter 8, "ELECTRICAL
CHARACTERISTICS" for the voltage values.
In the S1C88650, the LCD drive voltage is supplied
to the built-in LCD driver which drives the LCD
panel connected to the SEG and COM terminals.
Notes: • Under no circumstances should VD1,VD2,
VC1, VC2, VC3, VC4 and VC5, terminal
output be used to drive external circuit.
• If VDD is used as the power source for the
LCD system voltage regulator when VDD is
2.5 V or less, the VC1 to VC5 voltages
cannot be generated within specifications.
OSC1, OSC2
OSC3, OSC4
VD1
Oscillation circuit
Internal circuit
VD2
CG
V
VC2
VC3
VC4
VC5
CC
CD
V
CF
C1
CA
CB
CE
SS
Power
voltage
booster
VD2
LCD system
voltage regulator
VC1–VC5
LCD driver
COM0–COM31
SEG0–SEG125
Fig. 2.2.1 Configuration of power supply circuit
S1C88650 TECHNICAL MANUALEPSON7
3 CPU AND BUS CONFIGURATION
3CPU AND BUS CONFIGURATION
In this section, we will explain the CPU, operating mode and bus configuration.
3.1CPU
The S1C88650 utilize the S1C88 8-bit core CPU
whose resistor configuration, command set, etc. are
virtually identical to other units in the family of
processors incorporating the S1C88.
See the "S1C88 Core CPU Manual" for the S1C88.
Specifically, the S1C88650 employ the Model 3
S1C88 CPU which has a maximum address space of
1M bytes × 3.
3.2Internal Memory
The S1C88650 is equipped with internal ROM and
RAM as shown in Figure 3.2.1. Small scale applications can be handled by one chip. It is also possible
to utilize internal memory in combination with
external memory.
Furthermore, internal ROM can be disconnected
from the bus and the resulting space released for
external applications.
The S1C88650 has a built-in 48K-byte program
ROM. The ROM is allocated to 000000H–00BFFFH.
This ROM areas shown above can be released to
external memory depending on the setting of the
_______
MCU/MPU terminal. (See "3.5 Chip Mode".)
(896K bytes)
I/O memory
Display memory
RAM (8K bytes)
Unused
area
ROM
(48K bytes)
3.2.2 RAM
The internal RAM capacity is 8K bytes and is
allocated to 00D800H–00F7FFH.
Even when external memory which overlaps the
internal RAM area is expanded, the RAM area is
not released to external memory. Access to this area
is via internal RAM.
3.2.3 I/O memory
A memory mapped I/O method is employed in the
S1C88650 for interfacing with internal peripheral
circuit. Peripheral circuit control bits and data
register are arranged in data memory space.
Control and data exchange are conducted via
normal memory access. I/O memory is arranged in
page 0: 00FF00H–00FFFFH area.
See Section 5.1, "I/O Memory Map", for details of
the I/O memory.
Even when external memory which overlaps the I/
O memory area is expanded, the I/O memory area
is not released to external memory. Access to this
area is via I/O memory.
3.2.4 Display memory
The S1C88650 is equipped with an internal display
memory which stores a display data for LCD
driver.
Display memory is arranged in page 0: 00Fx00H–
00Fx7FH (x = 8–DH) in the data memory area. See
Section 5.11, "LCD Driver", for details of the display
memory. Like the I/O memory, display memory
cannot be released to external memory.
3.2.5 Kanji font ROM
The S1C88650 has a built-in kanji font ROM that
can be used to store JIS level-1 and level-2 kanji
sets, alphanumeric characters and music shift-JIS
characters.
The kanji font ROM capacity is 896K bytes and is
allocated to 010000H–0EFFFFH.
When the kanji font is not used the remaining area
or the entire area can be used for a program and
data storage area (see the "S5U1C88xxxRx Manual"
for use of font data).
This ROM areas shown above can be released to
external memory depending on the setting of the
_______
MCU/MPU terminal. (See "3.5 Chip Mode".)
8EPSONS1C88650 TECHNICAL MANUAL
3 CPU AND BUS CONFIGURATION
3.3Exception Processing Vectors
000000H–00004BH in the program area of the
S1C88650 is assigned as exception processing
vectors. Furthermore, from 00004EH to 0000FFH,
software interrupt vectors are assignable to any two
bytes which begin with an even address.
Table 3.3.1 lists the vector addresses and the
exception processing factors to which they correspond.
Table 3.3.1 Exception processing vector table
Vector
address
000000H
000002H
000004H
000006H
000008H
00000AH
00000CH
00000EH
000010H
000012H
000014H
000016H
000018H
00001AH
00001CH
00001EH
000020H
000022H
000024H
000026H
000028H
00002AH
00002CH
00002EH
000030H
000032H
000034H
000036H
000038H
00003AH
00003CH
00003EH
000040H
000042H
000044H
000046H
000048H
00004AH
00004CH
00004EH
:
0000FEH
Exception processing factor
Reset
Zero division
Watchdog timer (NMI)
K07 input interrupt
K06 input interrupt
K05 input interrupt
K04 input interrupt
K03 input interrupt
K02 input interrupt
K01 input interrupt
K00 input interrupt
PTM 0 underflow interrupt
PTM 0 compare match interrupt
PTM 1 underflow interrupt
PTM 1 compare match interrupt
PTM 2 underflow interrupt
PTM 2 compare match interrupt
PTM 3 underflow interrupt
PTM 3 compare match interrupt
System reserved (cannot be used)
Serial I/F error interrupt
Serial I/F receiving complete interrupt
Serial I/F transmitting complete interrupt
System reserved (cannot be used)
System reserved (cannot be used)
System reserved (cannot be used)
Clock timer 32 Hz interrupt
Clock timer 8 Hz interrupt
Clock timer 2 Hz interrupt
Clock timer 1 Hz interrupt
PTM 4 underflow interrupt
PTM 4 compare match interrupt
PTM 5 underflow interrupt
PTM 5 compare match interrupt
PTM 6 underflow interrupt
PTM 6 compare match interrupt
PTM 7 underflow interrupt
PTM 7 compare match interrupt
System reserved (cannot be used)
Software interrupt
For each vector address and the address after it, the
start address of the exception processing routine is
written into the subordinate and super ordinate
sequence. When an exception processing factor is
generated, the exception processing routine is
executed starting from the recorded address.
Priority
High
↑
↓
Low
No
priority
rating
When multiple exception processing factors are
generated at the same time, execution starts with
the highest priority item.
The priority sequence shown in Table 3.3.1 assumes
that the interrupt priority levels are all the same.
The interrupt priority levels can be set by software
in each system. (See Section 5.14, "Interrupt and
Standby Status".)
Note: For exception processing other than reset,
SC (system condition flag) and PC (program
counter) are evacuated to the stack and
branches to the exception processing
routines. Consequently, when returning to
the main routine from exception processing
routines, please use the RETE instruction.
See the "S1C88 Core CPU Manual" for information
on CPU operations when an exception processing
factor is generated.
3.4CC (Customized Condition Flag)
The S1C88650 does not use the customized condition flag (CC) in the core CPU. Accordingly, it
cannot be used as a branching condition for the
conditional branching instruction (JRS, CARS).
3.5Chip Mode
3.5.1 MCU mode and MPU mode
The chip operating mode can be set to one of two
settings using the MCU/MPU terminal.
■
MCU mode...Set the MCU/MPU terminal to HIGH
Switch to this setting when using internal ROM.
With respect to areas other than internal
memory, external memory can even be
expanded. See Section 3.5.2, "Bus mode", for the
memory map.
In the MCU mode, during initial reset, only
systems in internal memory are activated.
Internal program ROM is normally fixed as the
top portion of the program memory from the
common area (logical space 0000H–7FFFH).
Exception processing vectors are assigned in
internal program ROM. Furthermore, the
application initialization routines that start with
reset exception processing must likewise be
written to internal program ROM. Since bus and
other settings which correlate with external
expanded memory can be executed in software,
this processing is executed in the initialization
routine written to internal program ROM. Once
these bus mode settings are made, external
memory can be accessed.
the chip enable (CE) and read (RD)/write (WR)
signals are not output to external memory, and
the data bus (D0–D7) goes into high impedance
status (or pull-up status).
Consequently, in cases where addresses overlap
in external and internal memory, the areas in
external memory will be unavailable.
■
MPU mode...Set the MCU/MPU terminal to LOW
_______
Internal ROM area is released to an external
device source. Internal ROM then becomes
unusable and when this area is accessed, chip
_____________
enable (CE) and read (RD)/write (WR) signals
are output to external memory and the data bus
(D0–D7) become active. These signals are not
output to an external source when other areas of
internal memory are accessed.
In the MPU mode, the system is activated by
external memory.
When employing this mode, the exception
processing vectors and initialization routine
must be assigned within the common area
(000000H–007FFFH).
You can select whether to use the built-in pull-up
_______
resistor of the MCU/MPU terminal by the mask
option.
3.5.2 Bus mode
In order to set bus specifications to match the
configuration of external expanded memory, two
different bus modes described below are selectable
in software.
■ Single chip mode
Iput port pull-up resistor
_______
MCU/MPU ..... ■■ With resistor ■■ Gate direct
Notes: •
Setting of MCU/MPU terminal is latched at
the rising edge of a reset signal input from
the RESET terminal. Therefore, if the setting
is to be changed, the RESET terminal must
be set to LOW level once again.
•
The data bus while the CPU accesses to the
internal memory can be select into highimpedance status or pulled up to high using
the pull-up control register and mask option.
See Section 5.7, "I/O Ports (P ports)", for
details.
Fig. 3.5.2.1 Memory map for the single chip mode
The single chip mode setting applies when the
S1C88650 is used as a single chip microcomputer without external expanded memory.
Since this mode employs internal ROM, the
system can only be operated in the MCU mode
discussed in Section 3.5.1.
In the MPU mode, the system cannot be set to
the single chip mode.
Since there is no need for an external bus line in
this mode, terminals normally set for bus use
can be used as general purpose output ports or
I/O ports.
■ Expansion mode
The expansion mode setting applies when the
S1C88650 is used with less than 1M bytes × 3 of
external expanded memory. This mode is
usable regardless of the MCU/MPU mode
setting.
Because internal ROM is being used in the MCU
mode, external memory in this model can be
assigned to the area from 100000H to 3FFFFFH.
Since the internal ROM area is released in the
MPU mode, external memory in this model can
be assigned to the area from 000000H to
2FFFFFH.
However, the area from 00C000H to 00FFFFH is
assigned to internal memory and cannot be
used to access an external device.
10EPSONS1C88650 TECHNICAL MANUAL
3 CPU AND BUS CONFIGURATION
- MCU mode -
3FFFFFH
External
:
memory area
100000H
0F0000H
0EFFFFH
010000H
00FFFFH
00D800H
00D7FFH
00C000H
00BFFFH
000000H
Unused area
Internal memory
:
Unused area
Internal memory
See Figure 3.2.1 for the internal memory
- MPU mode -
2FFFFFH
External
memory area
Internal memory
External
memory area
Fig. 3.5.2.2 Memory map for the expansion mode
There is an explanation on how all these settings
are actually made in "5.2 System Controller and Bus
Control" of this Manual.
3.5.3 CPU mode
The CPU allows software to select its operating
mode from two types shown below according to
the programming area size.
■ Minimum mode
The program area is configured within 64K
bytes in any one-bank. However, the bank to be
used must be specified in the CB register and
cannot be changed after an initialization. This
mode does not push the CB register contents
onto the stack when a subroutine is called. It
makes it possible to economize on stack area
usage. This mode is suitable for small- to midscale program memory and large-scale data
memory systems.
■ Maximum mode
The program area can be configured exceeding
64K bytes. However the CB register must be
setup when the program exceeds a bank
boundary every 64K bytes. This mode pushes
the CB register contents when a subroutine is
called. This mode is suitable for large-scale
program and data memory systems.
3.6External Bus
The S1C88650 has bus terminals that can address a
maximum of 1M × 3 bytes and memory (and other)
devices can be externally expanded according to
the range of each bus mode described in the
previous section.
Address bus (A0–A19)
Data bus (D0–D7)
S1C88650
BREQ
External
device
BACK
RD
WR
CE0
CE1
CE2
Fig. 3.6.1 External bus lines
Below is an explanation of external bus terminals.
For information on control methods, see Section 5.2,
"System Controller and Bus Control".
3.6.1 Data bus
The S1C88650 possesses an 8-bit external data bus
(D0–D7). The terminals and I/O circuits of data bus
D0–D7 are shared with I/O ports P00–P07, switching between these functions being determined by
the bus mode setting.
In the single chip mode, the 8-bit terminals are all
set as I/O ports P00–P07 and in the expansion
mode, they are set as data bus (D0–D7).
When set as data bus, the data register and I/O
control register of each I/O port are detached from
the I/O circuits and usable as a general purpose
data register with read/write capabilities.
The data bus can be pulled up to high during input
mode using the built-in pull-up resistor. This pullup resistor is enabled or disabled using the pull-up
control register and mask option. See "5.7 I/O
Ports" for details.
I/O
port
P00
P01
P02
Single
chip
Fig. 3.6.1.1 Correspondence between data bus
P03
P04
P05
P06
P07
and I/O ports
Data
bus
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
External
device
Bus modeBus mode
Expansion
External
device
S1C88650 TECHNICAL MANUALEPSON11
3 CPU AND BUS CONFIGURATION
B
3.6.2 Address bus
The S1C88650 possesses a 20-bit external address
bus A0–A19. The terminals and output circuits of
address bus A0–A19 are shared with output ports
R00–R07 (=A0–A7), R10–R17 (=A8–A15) and R20–
R23 (=A16–A19), switching between these functions
being determined by the bus mode setting.
In the single chip mode, the 20-bit terminals are all
set as output ports R00–R07, R10–R17 and R20–R23.
In the expansion mode, all of the 20-bit terminals
are set as the address bus (A0–A19).
When set as an address bus, the data register and
high impedance control register of each output port
are detached from the output circuit and used as a
general purpose data register with read/write
capabilities.
read (RD)/write (WR) signals directed to external
devices are shared respectively with output ports
R24 and R25, switching between these functions
being determined by the bus mode setting.
In the single chip mode, both of these terminals are
set as output port terminals and in the expansion
mode, they are set as read (RD)/write (WR) signal
output terminals.
_________
When set as read (RD)/write (WR) signal output
_________
terminal, the data register and high impedance
control register for each output port (R24, R25) are
detached from the output circuit and is usable as a
general purpose data register with read/write
capabilities.
See Section 3.6.5, "WAIT control", for the output
timing of the signal.
Output
port
Bus mode
Single
chip
Fig. 3.6.3.1 Correspondence between read (RD)/
R24
R25
_____
RD/WR
signal
RD
WR
Bus mode
Expansion
____
write (WR) signal and output ports
_____
3.6.4 Chip enable (CE) signal
The S1C88650 is equipped with address decoders
which can output three different chip enable (CE)
signals.
Consequently, three devices equipped with a chip
__________
enable (CE) or chip select (CS) terminal can be
directly connected without setting the address
decoder to an external device.
_____ _____
The three chip enable (CE0–CE2) signal output
terminals and output circuits are shared with
output ports R30–R32 and in the expansion mode,
____
either the chip enable (CE) output or general output
can be selected in software for each of the three bits.
____
When set for chip enable (CE) output, the data
register and high impedance control register for
each output port are detached from the output
circuit and is usable as general purpose data
register with read/write capabilities.
In the single chip mode, these terminals are set as
output ports R30–R32.
us mode
Single
chip
Output
port
R30
R31
R32
CE
signal
CE0
CE1
CE2
Bus mode
Expansion
Fig. 3.6.4.1 Correspondence between CE signals
and output ports
Table 3.6.4.1 shows the address ranges which are
____
assigned to the chip enable (CE) signal in the
expansion mode.
____
____
12EPSONS1C88650 TECHNICAL MANUAL
Table 3.6.4.1 CE0–CE2 address settings
_____ _____
CE signal
CE0
CE1
CE2
MCU modeMPU mode
300000H–3FFFFFH
100000H–1FFFFFH
200000H–2FFFFFH
Address range (expansion mode)
_____
When accessing the internal memory area, the CE
signal is not output. Care should be taken here
because the address range for these portions of
memory involves irregular settings.
The arrangement of memory space for external
devices does not necessarily have to be continuous
from a subordinate address and any of the chip
enable signals can be used to assign areas in
memory.
Note:
____
The CE signals will be inactive status when
the chip enters the standby mode (HALT
mode or SLEEP mode).
See Section 3.6.5, "WAIT control", for the output
timing of signal.
3.6.5 WAIT control
In order to insure accessing of external low speed
devices during high speed operations, the S1C88650
is equipped with a WAIT function which prolongs
access time. (See the "S1C88 Core CPU Manual" for
details of the WAIT function.)
The WAIT state numbers to be inserted can be
selected in software from a series of 8 as shown in
Table 3.6.5.1.
3 CPU AND BUS CONFIGURATION
000000H–00D7FFH, 010000H–0FFFFFH
100000H–1FFFFFH
200000H–2FFFFFH
Table 3.6.5.1 Selectable WAIT state numbers
Selection No.
Insert states1022344658610712814
* One state is a 1/2 cycle of the clock in length.
The WAIT states set in software are inserted
between bus cycle states T3–T4.
Note, however, that WAIT states cannot be inserted
when an internal register and internal memory are
being accessed and when operating with the OSC1
oscillation circuit (see "5.4 Oscillation Circuits").
Consequently, WAIT state settings are meaningless
in the single chip mode.
Figure 3.6.5.1 shows the memory read/write
timing charts.
T1
CLK
A0–A19
CE0
CE1
WR
RD
T2 T3T4
Address
T1
T2 T3T4
Address
D0–D7
Read data
Read cycle
Write data
Write cycle
(1) No WAIT
WAIT (4 states inserted)WAIT (4 states inserted)
T1
CLK
A0–A19
CE0
CE1
WR
RD
D0–D7
T2 T3T4
Tw2Tw2Tw1Tw1Tw2Tw2Tw1Tw1
Address
Read data
Read cycle
T1
T2 T3T4
Address
Write data
Write cycle
(2) WAIT state insertion
Fig. 3.6.5.1 Memory read/write cycle
S1C88650 TECHNICAL MANUALEPSON13
3 CPU AND BUS CONFIGURATION
3.6.6 Bus authority release state
The S1C88650 is equipped with a bus authority
release function on request from an external device
so that DMA (Direct Memory Access) transfer can
be conducted between external devices. The
internal memory cannot be accessed by this
function.
There are two terminals used for this function: the
bus authority release request signal (BREQ) input
terminal and the bus authority release acknowledge
signal (BACK) output terminal.
The BREQ input terminal is shared with input port
________
________
________
terminal K03 and the BACK output terminal with
output port terminal R33, use with setting to
________ ________
BREQ/BACK terminals done in software. In the
single chip mode, or when using a system which
does not require bus authority release, set respective terminals as input and output ports.
________
When the bus authority release request (BREQ =
________
LOW) is received from an external device, the
S1C88650 switches the address bus, data bus, RD/
_________
WR signal, and CE signal lines to a high impedance
________
____
state, outputs a LOW level from the BACK terminal
and releases bus authority.
________
As soon as a LOW level is output from the BACK
terminal, the external device can use the external
bus. When DMA is completed, the external device
________
returns the BREQ terminal to HIGH and releases
bus authority.
Figure 3.6.6.2 shows the bus authority release
sequence.
During bus authority release state, internal memory
cannot be accessed from the external device. In
cases where external memory has areas which
overlap areas in internal memory, the external
memory areas can be accessed accordance with the
____
CE signal output by the external device.
CLK
A0–A19
D0–D7
WR
RD
BREQ
BACK
Input
port
K03
Output
port
R33
_______
BREQ
input
BACK
output
_______
Fig. 3.6.6.1 BREQ/BACK terminals
Note: Be careful with the system, such that an
external device does not become the bus
master, other than during the bus release
status.
After setting the BREQ terminal to LOW
level, hold the BREQ terminal at LOW level
until the BACK terminal becomes LOW level.
_______
_______
If the BREQ terminal is returned to HIGH
_______
_______
_______
level, before the BACK terminal becomes
LOW level, the shift to the bus authorization
release status will become indefinite.
Tw2T4T1T2T3Tw1Tw2T4Tz1Tz2Tz1Tz2Tz1Tz2Tz1Tz2T1T2T3
IX
(IX)
Program exection status
(IX)
LLLLH
Bus authority release status
PCHL
ANY
Program
exection
status
LD [HL],[IX]
Fig. 3.6.6.2 Bus authority release sequence
14EPSONS1C88650 TECHNICAL MANUAL
4INITIAL RESET
Initial reset in the S1C88650 is required in order to initialize circuits. This section of the Manual
contains a description of initial reset factors and the initial settings for internal registers, etc.
____________
4.1Initial Reset Factors
There are two initial reset factors for the S1C88650
as shown below.
External initial reset by the RESET terminal
(1)
(2) External initial reset by the simultaneous LOW
level input at input port terminals K00–K03
(mask option)
Figure 4.1.1 shows the configuration of the initial
reset circuit.
The CPU and peripheral circuits are initialized by
means of initial reset factors. When the factor is
canceled, the CPU commences reset exception
processing. (See the "S1C88 Core CPU Manual".)
When this occurs, the reset exception processing
vector, Bank 0, 000000H–000001H from program
memory is read out and the program (initialization
routine) which begins at the readout address is
executed.
_________
4.1.1 RESET terminal
Initial reset can be done by externally inputting a
LOW level to the RESET terminal.
Be sure to maintain the RESET terminal at LOW
level for the regulation time after the power on to
assure the initial reset. (See Section 8.6, "AC
Characteristics".)
In addition, be sure to use the RESET terminal for
the first initial reset after the power is turned on.
_________
The RESET terminal is equipped with a pull-up
resistor. You can select whether or not to use by
mask option.
Input port pull-up resistor
_________
RESET............■■ With resistor■■ Gate direct
_________
_________
_________
4 INITIAL RESET
OSC3
OSC4
OSC1
OSC2
K00
K01
K02
K03
RESET
OSC3
oscillation
circuit
OSC1
oscillation
circuit
Input port K00
Input port K01
Input port K01
Input port K03
SLEEP status
Oscillation stability
waiting signal
V
Operating clock status
f
OSC3
Divider
Divider
DD
Mask
option
/1,024 Hz
OSC1
/256 Hz
f
Time
authorize
circuit
Reset signal
Fig. 4.1.1 Configuration of initial reset circuit
Selector
Reset release
clock
Internal initial
reset
RQ
S
S1C88650 TECHNICAL MANUALEPSON15
4 INITIAL RESET
4.1.2 Simultaneous LOW level input at
input port terminals K00–K03
Another way of executing initial reset externally is
to input a LOW level simultaneously to the input
ports (K00–K03) selected by mask option.
Since there is a built-in time authorize circuit, be
sure to maintain the designated input port terminal
at LOW level for 65536/fOSC1 seconds (two seconds
when the oscillation frequency is fOSC1 = 32.768
kHz) or more to perform the initial reset by means
of this function.
However, the time authorize circuit is bypassed
during the SLEEP (standby) status and oscillation
stabilization waiting period, and initial reset is
executed immediately after the simultaneous LOW
level input to the designated input ports.
The combination of input ports (K00–K03) that can
be selected by mask option are as follows:
Multiple key entry reset
■■ Not use
■■ K00 & K01
■■ K00 & K01 & K02
■■ K00 & K01 & K02 & K03
For instance, let's say that mask option "K00 & K01
& K02 & K03" is selected, when the input level at
input ports K00–K03 is simultaneously LOW, initial
reset will take place.
When using this function, make sure that the
designated input ports do not simultaneously
switch to LOW level while the system is in normal
operation.
4.1.3 Initial reset sequence
After cancellation of the LOW level input to the
_________
RESET terminal, when the power is turned on, the
start-up of the CPU is held back until the oscillation
stabilization waiting time (512/fOSC3 sec.) have
elapsed.
Figure 4.1.3.1 shows the operating sequence
following initial reset release.
The CPU starts operating in synchronization with
the OSC3 clock after reset status is released.
Also, when using the initial reset by simultaneous
LOW level input into the input port, you should be
careful of the following points.
(1) During SLEEP status, since the time authoriza-
tion circuit is bypassed, an initial reset is
triggered immediately after a LOW level
simultaneous input value. In this case, the CPU
starts after waiting the oscillation stabilization
time, following cancellation of the LOW level
simultaneous input.
(2) Other than during SLEEP status, an initial reset
will be triggered 65536/f
LOW level simultaneous input. In this case,
since a reset differential pulse (64/fOSC1
seconds) is generated within the S1C88650, the
CPU will start even if the LOW level
simultaneous input status is not canceled.
Note: The oscillation stabilization time described in
this section does not include oscillation start
time. Therefore the time interval until the
CPU starts executing instructions after
power is turned on or SLEEP status is
cancelled may be longer than that indicated
in the figure below.
OSC3 seconds after a
f
OSC3
Reset signal
Reset release clock
Internal initial reset
Internal address bus
Internal data bus
Internal read signal
Reset release
Internal initial reset release
PCPCPC00-0000
DummyDummy
512/f
OSC3
[sec]
Oscillation stable waiting timeDummy cycleReset exception processing
∗ Reset status is maintained
during this period.
VECL
Fig. 4.1.3.1 Initial reset sequence
16EPSONS1C88650 TECHNICAL MANUAL
4.2
Initial Settings After Initial Reset
The CPU internal registers are initialized as follows
during initial reset.
Table 4.2.1 Initial settings
Register name
Data register A
Data register B
Index (data) register L
Index (data) register H
Index register IX
Index register IY
Program counter
Stack pointer
Base register
Zero flag
Carry flag
Overflow flag
Negative flag
Decimal flag
Unpack flag
Interrupt flag 0
Interrupt flag 1
New code bank register
Code bank register
Expand page register
Expand page register for IX
Expand page register for IY
CodeSetting value
Bit length
A
B
L
H
IX
IY
PC
SP
BR
Z
C
V
N
D
U
I0
I1
NB
CB
EP
XP
YP
16
16
16
16
Undefined
8
Undefined
8
Undefined
8
Undefined
8
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
Undefined
8
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
8
8
8
8
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
01H
Undefined
00H
00H
00H
*
*
* Reset exception processing loads the preset
values stored in 0 bank, 0000H–0001H into the
PC. At the same time, 01H of the NB initial
value is loaded into CB.
Initialize the registers which are not initialized at
initial reset using software.
Since the internal RAM and display memory are
not initialized at initial reset, be sure to initialize
using software.
The respectively stipulated initializations are done
for internal peripheral circuits. If necessary, the
initialization should be done using software.
For initial value at initial reset, see the sections on
the I/O memory map and peripheral circuit
descriptions in the following chapter of this
manual.
4 INITIAL RESET
S1C88650 TECHNICAL MANUALEPSON17
5 PERIPHERAL CIRCUITS AND THEIR OPERATION (I/O Memory Map)
5PERIPHERAL CIRCUITS AND
THEIR OPERATION
The peripheral circuits of the S1C88650 is interfaced with the CPU by means of the memory mapped
I/O method. For this reason, just as with other memory access operations, peripheral circuits can be
controlled by manipulating I/O memory. Below is a description of the operation and control method for
each individual peripheral circuit.
5.1I/O Memory Map
Table 5.1.1(a) I/O Memory map (00FF00H–00FF03H)
SR R/W10Address Bit NameFunctionComment
00FF00
(MCU)D7D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
00FF00
(MPU)D7D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
00FF01 D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
00FF02 D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
00FF03 D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
Note:
All the interrupts including NMI are disabled, until you write the optional value into both the "00FF00H" and
Bus mode
CPU mode
R/W register
R/W register
R/W register
CE2 (R32)
CE1 (R31)
CE0 (R30)
CE signal output Enable/Disable
CE signal output
Enable:
DC (R3x) output
Disable:
Bus mode
CPU mode
R/W register
R/W register
R/W register
CE2 (R32)
CE1 (R31)
CE0 (R30)
CE signal output Enable/Disable
Enable:
CE signal output
Disable:
DC (R3x) output
Stack pointer page address
< SP page allocatable address >
• Single chip mode:
• Expansion mode:
only 0 page
0–27H page
Bus release enable register
(K03 and R33 terminal specification)
Wait control register
WT2
WT1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
WT0
Number
of state
1
0
1
0
14
12
10
1
0
1
0
No wait
CPU operating clock switch
OSC3 oscillation On/Off control
R/W register
R/W register
–
–
–
–
–
–
Power source select for LCD voltage regulator
Power voltage booster On/Off control