Epson LQ-2180 Service Manual

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Impact Serial Dot Matrix Printer

EPSON LQ-2180

SEDM98001

Notice:

„

EPSON is a re

General Notice: Other product names used herein are for identification purpose only and may be trademarks or re

Copyri

hts reserved. No part of this manual may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means,

All ri electronic, mechanical, photocopyi n

The contents of this manual are subject to chan All effort have been made to ensure the accuracy of the contents of this manual. However , shoul d any errors be detected, SEIKO EPSON

would The above not withstandin

thereof.

reatly appreciate being informed of them.

SEIKO EPSON CORPORATION can assume no responsibility for any errors in this manual or the consequences

istered trademark of SEIKO EPSON CORPORATION.

respective owners. EPSON disclaims any and all ri

, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SEIKO EPSON CORPORATION.

e without notice.

istered trademarks of their

hts in those marks.

PRECAUTIONS

Precautionary notations throughout the text are categorized relative to 1)Personal injury and 2) damage to equipment.

DANGER

WARNING

The precautionary measures itemized below should a lways be observed when performin

Signals a precaution which, if ignored, could result in serious or fatal personal injury. Great caution should be exercised in performin

Signals a precaution which, if ignored, could result in damage to equipment.

procedures preceded by DANGER Headings.

repair/maintenance procedures.

DANGER

1. ALWAYS DISCONNECT THE PRODUCT FROM THE POWER SOURCE AND PERIPHERAL DEVICES PERFORMING ANY MAINTENANCE OR REPAIR PROCEDURES.

2. NOWORK SHOULD BE PERFORMED ON THE UNIT BY PERSONS UNFAMILIAR WITH BASIC SAFETY MEASURES AS DICTATED FOR ALL ELECTRONICS TECHNICIANS IN THEIR LINE OF WORK.

3. WHEN PERFORMING TESTING AS DICTATED WITHIN THIS MANUAL, DO NOT CONNECT THE UNIT TO A POWER SOURCE UNTIL INSTRUCTED TO DO SO. WHEN THE POWER SUPPLY CABLE MUST BE CONNECTED, USE EXTREME CAUTION IN WORKING ON POWER SUPPLY AND OTHER ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS.

WARNING

1. REPAIRS ON EPSON PRODUCT SHOULD BE PERFORMED ONLY BY AN EPSON CERTIFIED REPAIR TECHNICIAN.

2. MAKE CERTAIN THAT THE SOURCE VOLTAGES IS THE SAME AS THE RATED VOLTAGE, LISTED ON THE SERIAL NUMBER/RATING PLATE. IF THE EPSON PRODUCT HAS A PRIMARY AC RATING DIFFERENT FROM AVAILABLE POWER SOURCE, DO NOT CONNECT IT TO THE POWER SOURCE.

3. ALWAYS VERIFY THAT THE EPSON PRODUCT HAS BEEN DISCONNECTED FROM THE POWER SOURCE BEFORE REMOVING OR REPLACING PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARDS AND/OR INDIVIDUAL CHIPS.

4. IN ORDER TO PROTECT SENSITIVE MICROPROCESSORS AND CIRCUITRY, USE STATIC DISCHARGE EQUIPMENT, SUCH AS ANTISTATIC WRIST STRAPS, WHEN ACCESSING INTERNAL COMPONENTS.

5. REPLACE MALFUNCTIONING COMPONENTS ONLY WITH THOSE COMPONENTS BY THE MANUFACTURE; INTRODUCTION OF SECOND-SOURCE ICs OR OTHER NONAPPROVED COMPONENTS MAY DAMAGE THE PRODUCT AND VOID ANY APPLICABLE EPSON WARRANTY.

PREFACE

This manual describes basic functions, theor y of elect rical and mecha nical oper ations, maint enance and repa i instructions and procedures included herein are intended for the experienced repair technicians, and attention the preceding page. The chapters are organized as follows :

CHAPTER 1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTIONS

Provides a general overview and specifications of the product.

CHAPTER 2. OPERATING PRINCIPLES

Describes the theory of electrical and mechanical operations of the produ

CHAPTER 3. DISASSEMBLY AND ASSEMBLY

Describes the step-by-step procedures for disassembling and assembling t product.

CHAPTER 4. ADJUSTMENTS

Provides Epson-approved methods for adjustment.

CHAPTER 5. TROUBLESHOOTING

Provides the step-by-step procedures for troubleshooting.

CHAPTER 6. MAINTENANCE

Provides preventive maintenance procedures and the lists of Epson-appro lubricants and adhesives required for servicing the product.

APPENDIX

Provides the following additional information for reference:

• EEPROM Address Map

• Connector Pin Assignments

• C272 Main Board Component Layout

• C272 Main Board Circuit Diagram

Revision Status

Revision Issued Date Description

A February 3, 1999 First Release

Contents

Product Description

Specifications ........................... ...................................................................... 8

Features ................................................................................................................ 8

Accessories ........................................................................................................... 8

Printing Specifications ............................................................... ..... ....................... 9

Paper Handling ............................. ....................................... ...... ..... ...... ................. 9

Paper Specifications ..................... ..... ........................................ ..... ...... ...... ......... 11

Electrical Specifications ................ ..... ...... ...... ..... ........................................ ..... .... 15

Reliability ............................................................................................................. 15

Safety Approvals ................................................................................................. 15

CE Marking .......................................................................................................... 15

Firmware Specifications

Control Codes and Fonts .................................................................................... 16

Interface Specifications ....................................................................................... 18

Parallel Interface (Forward Channel) .................................................. 18

Parallel Interface (Reverse Channel) ................................................. 18

Operation Instruction .................................................................................... 19

Control Panel ....................................................................................................... 19

Bi-directional Adjustment Function ...................................................................... 19

EEPROM Initialization ......................................................................................... 20

Main Components

C272MAIN Board ................................................................................................ 22

Printer Mechanism .............................................................................................. 23

............................................................................... 16

......................................................................................... 21

Disassembly and Assembly

Adjustment

Overview ...................................................................................................... 33

Pre-operation for the Adjustment Program ......................................................... 33

Bi-D Adjustment .................................................................................................. 35

TPE Level Reset ................................................................................................. 36

Writing the User-characteristic Data ................................................................... 37

Troubleshooting

Overview ...................................................................................................... 40

Troubleshooting Information ........................................................................ 40

Printhead ............................................................................................................. 40

Sensors ............................................................................................................... 40

Motors ................................................................................................................. 40

Error Codes with Indicators and Buzzer .............................................................. 40

Unit Level Troubleshooting

Repairing the C165 PSB/PSE Board .............................................................. 41

Repairing the C272MAIN Board ..................................................................... 41

Repairing the Printer Mechanism .................................................................. 43

........................................................................... 41

Operating Principles

Control Circuit .............................................................................................. 25

Overview of the Control Circuit Operation ........................................................... 25

System Reset Circuit ........................................................................................... 26

Printhead Driver Circuit ....................................................................................... 27

CR Motor Driver Circuit ....................................................................................... 28

PF Motor Driver Circuit ........................................................................................ 28

EEPROM Control Circuit ..................................................................................... 29

Sensor Circuit ...................................................................................................... 29

Maintenance

Appendix

EEPROM Address Map ................................................................................. 47

Connector Summary ..................................................................................... 51

Component Layout ....................................................................................... 53

Circuit Diagram ............................................................................................ 55

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

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LQ-2180 Revision A

1.1 Specifications

The LQ-2180 is a revis ed model of the already existing LQ-2170. Since the specifications for the both products are mostly common except for the LQ-2180’s improved features such as printing speed and copy capability, the inform ation included in this section is limited to the items that are specific to LQ-2180. For the rest of the information, refer to the LQ-2170 Service Manual.

1.1.1 Features

† Printing speed

„ High speed draft: 480 cps „ Draft: 360 cps „ LQ: 120 cps (at 10 cpi)

† Char acter tables

„ Standard version: 13 tables „ NLSP version: 38 tables

1.1.2 Accessories

† I tems included in the printer carton

Table 1-1. Items Included in the Printer

Items Quantity

User’s manual 1 Driver disk 1 Ribbon cartridge 1 Power supply cable (230 V version) 1

† Consumable items

Table 1-2. Items Included in the Printer

Items Part Number

Ribbon cartridge S015086 Ribbon pack S010033

† Opt ional items: Additional items are shown in the table below:

† Reliability

„ Mean print volume between failure: 23 million lines

(except printhead)

† Bi -directional Interface

„ Optional Type-B I/F Level 2 supported

† Copy capability

„ 1 original + 5 copies

IEEE-1284 parallel I/F card C82345

Ethernet I/F card

NOTE:When you use Ethernet interface card C82363∗, you

Table 1-3. Items Included in the Printer

Items Part Number

∗

C82357∗ / C82362∗ / C82363∗ / C82363 C82364

(See NOTE below.) /

∗ ∗

need to attach the optional interface adap ter (C82525* ) to the interface card.

Product Description Specifications 8

LQ-2180 Revision A

1.1.3 Printing Specifications

† Copy capability: 1 original + 5 copies † Printing speed and printable column (See the table below.)

Table 1-4.

Print Speed and Corresponding Printable Columns

Printing mode Character pitch

High speed draft 10 cpi 136 480 320

10 cpi 136 360 240

Draft

Draft condensed

12 cpi 163 431 286 15 cpi 204 539 358 17 cpi 233 308 205 20 cpi 272 359 239 10 cpi 136 120 80 12 cpi 163 143 96 15 cpi 204 179 120

Printable

columns

Printing speed (cps)

Normal Copy

1.1.4 Paper Handling

This section only describes the release lever setting, adjust lever setting, and some other specifications which are specific to LQ-2180. For the rest of the specifications, see the LQ-2170 Service Manual.

† Feedi ng method

„ Friction feed (front, rear) „ Push tractor feed (front lever) „ Push & Pull tractor feed (front, rear) „ Pull tractor feed (front, rear, bottom)

† Feed speed

„ Normal mode: Same as for LQ-2180 „ Copy mode: 1/6 inch feed = 45 m sec

Continuous feed =0.092 MPW (m/second)

3.6 IPS (inches/second)

LQ condensed

17 cpi 233 204 137 20 cpi 272 238 159

NOTE:When the power supply voltage drops to the lower limit,

the printer stops printing and then resu mes pri nting remaining on that line more slowly than before.

NOTE:When the head temperature rises to the upper limit, the

printer stops printing. When the head temperature falls to the normal level, the print er starts print ing again more slowly than before.

NOTE:The maximum printable width is 13.6 inch (345.44 mm).

Product Description Specifications 9

LQ-2180 Revision A

† Rel ease lever: See the following table.

Table 1-5. Release Lever Settings

Lever Position Paper path / Feeder Paper / Media

Manual insertion (front)

Manual insertion (rear)

Friction

CSF Bin 1

CSF Bin 2 Cut sheet (Single sheet) Roll paper holder Roll paper

Push tractor feed (front)

Front tractor

Push & Pull tractor feed (front)

Push tractor feed (rear)

Rear tractor

Push & Pull tractor feed (rear)

Cut sheet (Single sheet & Multi part), Card

Cut sheet (Single sheet & Multi part), Card, Envelope

Cut sheet (Single sheet & Multi part), Card, Envelops

Continuous paper (Single sheet & Multi part), Continuous paper with labels

Continuous paper (Single sheet & Multi part)

† Adju st lever: See the following table.

Table 1-6. Adjust Lever Setting Position

Setting

Position

0 0.0024 0.0047 over 0.006 up to 0.12 1 0.0047 0.0074 over 0.12 up to 0.19 2 0.0074 0.0102 over 0.19 up to 0.26 3 0.0102 0.0126 over 0.26 up to 0.32 4 0.0126 0.0141 over 0.32 up to 0.36 5 0.0141 0.0157 over 0.36 up to 0.40 6 0.0157 0.0173 over 0.40 up to 0.44 7 0.0173 0.0181 over 0.44 up to 0.46

Paper Thickness (inch)

Paper Thickness (mm)

Minimum Maximum

Continuous paper (Single sheet & Multi part), Continuous paper with labels

Continuous paper (Single sheet & Multi part)

Continuous paper (Single sheet & Multi part), Continuous paper with labels

Full release

Pull tractor feed (front)

Pull tractor feed (rear)

Pull tractor feed (bottom)

Product Description Specifications 10

LQ-2180 Revision A

1.1.5 Paper Specifications

This section provides paper specifications for the LQ-2180.

Table 1-7. Cut Sheet

Front Entry Rear Entry

Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum

Width

Length

Thickness

Weight

Quality

(inch) (mm)

(g/m2) (lb.)

NOTE:Printing on recycled paper is available only under normal

temperature and humidity conditions.

3.9

100

5.8

148

0.0025

0.065 52

Plain paper, Recycled paper, Paper that is not curled, folded, or crumpled.

16.5 420

0.0055

0.14

90 24

3.9

100

3.9

100

0.0025

0.065 52

Plain paper, Recycled p aper, Paper that is not curled, folded, or crumpled.

0.0055

16.5 420

0.14

90 24

Table 1-8. Cut Sheet (Multi Part)

Front Entry Rear Entry

Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum

Width

Length

Copies 1 original + 5 copies 1 original + 5 copies

Total Thickness

Weight

(one sheet of multi part)

Quality

Jointing

(inch) (mm)

(g/m2) (lb.)

3.9

100

5.8

148

0.0047

0.12 40

Plain paper, Recycled paper, Paper that is not curled, folded, or crumpled.

Line glue at the top or one side of form.

16.5 420

0.018

0.46

58 15

3.9

100

3.9

100

0.0047

0.12 40

Line glue at the top of form.

16.5 420

0.018

0.46

58 15

Product Description Specifications 11

LQ-2180 Revision A

Table 1-9. Card

Front Entry Rear Entry

Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum

Width

Length

Thickness

Weight

Quality

(inch) (mm)

(g/m2) (lb.)

3.9

100

5.8

148

0.0087

0.22 192

Plain paper, Recycle d paper, Paper that is not curled, folded, or crumpled.

7.8

200

7.8

200

3.9

100

5.8

148

0.0087

0.22 192

Plain paper, Recycle d paper, Paper that is not curled, folded, or crumpled.

7.8

200

7.8

200

NOTE:Printing on recycled paper is available only under normal

temperature and humidity conditions.

NOTE:When the longer side of A6 card is horizontally, it should be

inserted from the rear entrance.

Table 1-10. Envelope

Front Entry Rear Entry

Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum

Envelop

Width

(No. 6)

Length

Width

Envelop (No. 10)

Length

Total Thickness

Weight

Quality - - -

(inch) (mm)

(g/m2) (lb.)

- - -

- - - - - -

- - -

- - - - - -

6.5

165

3.6 92

9.5

241

4.1

105

0.0063

0.16

The difference of thickness at the printable area is within

0.0098 inch (0.25mm). 45

BOND paper, plain paper or AIRMAIL No glue at a flap Not curled, not folded, not crumpled

0.020

0.52

90 24

NOTE:Printing on envelope is available only under normal

temperature and humidity conditions.

NOTE:Envelopes should be inserted from rear entrance only. NOTE:Set the longer side of envelope horizontally.

Product Description Specifications 12

LQ-2180 Revision A

Table 1-11. Continuous Paper (Single sheet and Multi Part) Table 1-12. Continuous Paper with Labels

Front Entry Rear Entry Bottom Entry

Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max.

Width

Length (one page)

Copies

Total Thickness

Weight (not multi

part) Weight

(one sheet of multi part)

Quality Plain paper, Recycled paper, Carbonless multi part paper Jointing Point glue or paper staple (both side)

(inch) (mm)

(inch) (mm)4101.622558.8

(inch) (mm)

(g/m (lb.)

(g/m2) (lb.)

101.616406.4

1 original + 5

copies

0.0025

0.065

)

52 14

40 12

0.018

0.46

82 22

58 15

101.616406.4 4

101.622558.8

1 original + 5

copies

0.0025

0.065

52 14

40 12

0.018

0.46

82 22

58 15

101.616406.4 4

101.622558.8

1 original + 5

copies

0.0025

0.065

52 14

40 12

0.018

0.46

82 22

58 15

Front Entry Bottom Entry Rear Entry

Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max.

Label size

Base sheet width

Base sheet length (one page)

Base sheet thickness

Total thickness

Label weight

Quality

See the figure below

(inch) (mm)4101.616406.44101.616406.4

(inch) (mm)4101.622558.84101.622558.8

(inch) (mm)

(g/m2) (lb.)

0.0028

0.07

0.0063

0.16

AVERY CONTINUOUS FORM LABELS, AVERY MINI-LINE LABELS or the same quality labels

0.0035

0.09

0.0075

0.19

68 17

See the figure below

0.0028

0.07

0.0063

0.16

0.0035

0.0075

68 17

0.09

0.19

- - -

--- ---

- - -

NOTE:Printing on labels si available only under normal temperature

and humidity condition.

NOTE:The base sheet of labels must be continuous paper. NOTE:Continuous paper with labels should be inserted from the

front or bottom entrance.

2.5 inch (63.5 mm) min.

15/16inch (23.8 mm) min.

Label

R 0.1 inch (2.5 mm) min.

Figure 1-1. Printable Area - Label

Product Description Specifications 13

LQ-2180 Revision A

Table 1-13. Roll Paper

Front Entry Rear Entry

Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum

Width

Length

Thickness

Weight

Quality - - -

(inch) (mm)

(g/m2) (lb.)

- - -

- - - - - -

8.5

216

0.0028

0.07

52.3 14

Plain paper, Recycle d paper, Paper that is not curled, folded, or crumpled.

0.0035

0.09 82

Product Description Specifications 14

LQ-2180 Revision A

1.1.6 Electrical Specifications

The electrical specifications for the LQ-2180 is the same as for the LQ2170 except for the items belo w. For informati on on other items, see t he LQ-2170 Service Manual.

† Input voltage range

„ 120 V version: AC 99 to 132 V „ 230 V version: AC 198 to 264 V

(same as for the LQ-2170

† Rat ed current

„ 120 V version: 1.0 A (maximum = 4.0 A) „ 230 V version: 0.5 A (maximum = 2.0 A)

† Power consumption (for 120 V and 230 V versions)

„ Approximately 52 W (ISO/IEC10561 Letter pattern)

(Energy Star compliant)

1.1.7 Reliability

† MVBF *1: 24 million lines (except pri nt data)

† 230 V versio n

„ Safety standards: EN60950 (TUV) „ EMI: EN55022 (CISPR pub.22) class B

AS/NZS 3548 class B

1.1.9 CE Marking

† 230 V versio n

„ Low voltage directive 73/23/EEC:EN60950 „ EMD Directive 89/336/EEC: EN55022 class B

EN61000-3-2 EN61000-3-3 EN50082-1

IEC801-2 IEC801-3 IEC801-4

† Acoustic noise: Approximately 54 db(A)

(ISO 7779 pattern)

† MTBF: 10000 POH † Pr inthead life: 400 million strokes/wire

*1: Mean print volume between failure

1.1.8 Safety Approvals

† 120 V version

„ Safety standards: UL1950, CSA C22.2 No. 950 „ EMI: FCC part15 subpart B class B

CSA C108.8 class B

Product Description Specifications 15

LQ-2180 Revision A

1.2 Firmware Specifications

This section describes the firmware specifications for the LQ-2180.

1.2.1 Control Codes and Fonts

† Control codes: ESC/P2 and IBM 2391 Plus Emulation † Char acter tables:

Standard version (13 character tables )

Italic table PC 860 (Portuguese) PC 850 (Multilingual) PC 437 (US, Standard Europe) PC 861 (Icelandic) PC 863 (Canadian-French) PC 865 (Nordic) Abicomp BRASCII Roman 8 ISO Latin 1 PC 858 ISO 8859-15

NLSP version (38 character tables)

Italic table PC437 (US, Standard Europe) PC437 Greek PC850 (Multilingual) PC852 (East Europe) PC853 (Turkish) PC855 (Cyrillic) PC857 (Turkish) PC864 (Arabic) PC866 (Russian) PC869(Greek) MAZOWIA (Poland)Code MJK (CSFR) ISO 8859-7 (Latin/Greek) lSO Latin 1T (Turki sh) Bulgaria (Bulgarian) PC774 (LST 1283:1993) Estonia (Estonia) ISO 8859-2 PC866 LAT. (Latvian) PC866 UKR (Ukraina)PC860 (Portuguese) PC861 (Icelandic) PC865 (Nordic) PC APTEC(Arabic) PC708 (Arabic) PC720 (Arabic) PCAR864 (Arabic) PC863 (Canadian-French) Abicomp BRASCII Roman 8 ISO Latin 1 Hebrew7* Hebrew8* PC862 (Hebrew)* PC 858 lSO 8859-15

International character set (14 countr ies and legal)

U.S.A. France Germany U.K. Denmark 1 Sweden Italy Spain 1 Japan Norway Denmark 2 Spain 2 Latin America Korea Legal

* The international and legal characters are these 12 codes:

23H, 24H, 40H, 5BH, 5CH, 5DH, 5EH, 60H, 7BH, 7CH, 7DH, 7EH

† Typeface

Bit map fonts

EPSON Draft 10 CPI, 12 CPI, 15CPI EPSON Roman 10 CPI, 12 CPI, 15CPI, Proportional EPSON Sans Serif 10 CPI, 12 CPI, 15CPI, Proportional EPSON Courier 10 CPI, 12 CPI, 15CPI EPSON Prestige 10 CPI, 12 CPI EPSON Script 10 CPI EPSON OCR-B 10 CPI EPSON Orator 10 CPI EPSON Orator-S 10 CPI EPSON Script C Proportional

Scalable fonts

EPSON Roman 10.5 pt., 8 pt., - 32 pt. (every 2 pt.) EPSON Sans Serif 10.5 pt., 8 pt., - 32 pt. (every 2 pt.) EPSON Roman T 10.5 pt., 8 pt., - 32 pt. (every 2 pt.) EPSON Sans Serif H 10.5 pt., 8 pt., - 32 pt. (every 2 pt.)

Bar codes

EAN-13, EAN-8 Interleaved 2 of 5 UPC-A UPC-E Code 39 Code 128 POSTNET

* Not displayed in the Default setting mode.

Product Description Firmware Specifications 16

LQ-2180 Revision A

Table 1-14. Character Tables and Available Typefaces

Character Tables Bit map font Scaleable font

Standard

version

Italic table* PC 850 (Multilingual)*

PC 861 (Icelandic)*

PC 863(Canadian-French)* Abicomp*

Roman 8 PC 858

Italic table* PC 850 (Multilingual)* PC 861 (Icelandic)* PC 865(Nordic)* Abicomp*

lSOLatin1 ISO 8859-15

PC 437 (US, Standard Europe)* PC 860 (Portuguese)* PC 865 (Nordic)*

BRASCII*

ISO Latin 1 ISO 8859-15

PC 437(US, Standard Europe)* PC 860(Portuguese)* PC863 (Canadian-French)* BRASCIl*

Roman8 PC 858

EPSON Draft EPSON Roman EPSON Sans Serif EPSON Courier EPSON Prestige

EPSON Script

EPSON OCR-B EPSON Orator

EPSON Roman EPSON Sans Serif EPSON Roman T EPSON Sans Serif H

EPSON Orator-S EPSON Script C

EPSON Draft EPSON Roman

EPSON Draft EPSON Roman EPSON Sans Serif EPSON Courier EPSON Prestige EPSON Script

(Not supported)

NLSP

version

PC 864 (Arabic)

PC437Greek PC 853 (Turkish) PC 857 (Turkish) PC 869 (Greek) Code MJK (CSFR) lSO Latin 1T (Turkish) PC774 (LST 1283: 1993) 1SO 8859-2

PC 852 (East Europe) PC 855 (Cyrillic) PC 866 (Russian) MAZOWIA (Poland) lSO 8859-7 (Latin/Greek) Bulgaria (Bulgarian) Estonia (Estonia) PC 866 LAT. (Latvian)

PC 866 UKR (Ukraina)

PC APTEC (Arabic) PC 720 (Arabic)

Hebrew7* Hebrew 8*

PC862 (Hebrew)*

PC 708 (Arabic) PCAR864 (Arabic)

EPSON Draft (Arabic) EPSON Roman EPSON Sans Serif

EPSON Draft (Hebrew) EPSON Roman EPSON Courier

(Not supported)

*1: ESC R command is effective on these character tables. *2 Not displayed in the default setting mode.

Product Description Firmware Specifications 17

+ 39 hidden pages