A terminal to which DC voltage is applied or through which direct current flows.
A0011197
Alternating current
A0011198
A terminal to which alternating voltage (sine-wave) is applied or through which alternating current flows.
Ground connection
A grounded terminal which, as far as the operator is concerned, is grounded via a grounding system.
A0011200
Protective ground connection
A terminal which must be connected to ground prior to establishing any other connections.
A0011199
Equipotential connection
A connection that has to be connected to the plant grounding system: This may be a potential equalization
A0011201
line or a star grounding system depending on national or company codes of practice.
Symbols and notation for certain types of information
Symbol
Meaning
Allowed
Indicates procedures, processes or actions that are allowed.
A0011182
Preferred
Indicates procedures, processes or actions that are preferred.
A0011183
Forbidden
Indicates procedures, processes or actions that are forbidden.
A0011184
Tip
Indicates additional information.
A0011193
Reference to documentation
Refers to the corresponding device documentation.
A0011194
Reference to page
Refers to the corresponding page number.
A0011195
Reference to graphic
Refers to the corresponding graphic number and page number.
A0011196
Symbols and notation in graphics
Symbol
1,2,3 ...
A, B, C, ...
A-A, B-B, C-C, ...
Meaning
Item numbers
Views
Sections
Hazardous area
Indicates a hazardous area.
A0011187
Safe area (non-hazardous area)
Indicates a non-hazardous location.
A0011188
Endress+Hauser3
Function and system design
F
L
D
E
100%
0%
LN
R
Measuring principleLevel measurement
The Levelflex is a "downward-looking" measuring system that functions according to the ToF method (ToF =
Time of Flight). The distance from the reference point to the product surface is measured. High-frequency pulses
are injected to a probe and led along the probe. The pulses are reflected by the product surface, received by
the electronic evaluation unit and converted into level information. This method is also known as TDR (Time
Domain Reflectometry).
Levelflex FMP56, FMP57
A0012838
LN = probe lengthR = reference point of measurement
D = distaceE = empty calibration (= zero)
L = levelF = full calibration (= span)
Dielectric constant
The dielectric constant (DC) of the medium has a direct impact on the degree of reflection of the highfrequency
pulses. In the case of large DC values, such as for water or ammonia, there is strong pulse reflection while,
with low DC values, such as for hydrocarbons, weak pulse reflection is experienced.
Input
The reflected pulses are transmitted from the probe to the electronics. There, a microprocessor analyzes the
signals and identifies the level echo which was generated by the reflection of the high-frequency pulses at the
product surface. This clear signal detection system benefits from over 30 years' experience with pulse timeofflight procedures that have been integrated into the development of the PulseMaster® software.
The distance D to the product surface is proportional to the time of flight t of the impulse:
D = c · t/2,
where c is the speed of light.
Based on the known empty distance E, the level L is calculated:
L = E – D
Reference point for "E" see diagram above.
The Levelflex possesses functions for interference echo suppression that can be activated by the user. They
guarantee that interference echoes from e.g. internals and struts are not interpreted as level echoes.
4Endress+Hauser
Levelflex FMP56, FMP57
Engineering ProcurementInstallation
Commissioning
Operation
MaintenanceRetirement
Output
The Levelflex is preset at the factory to the probe length ordered so that in most cases only the application
parameters that automatically adapt the device to the measuring conditions need to be entered. For models
with a current output, the factory adjustment for zero point E and span F is 4 mA and 20 mA, for digital outputs
and the display module 0 % and 100 %. A linearization function with max. 32 points, which is based on a table
entered manually or semi-automatically, can be activated on site or via remote operation. This function allows
the level to be converted into units of volume or mass, for example.
Life cycle of the product
A0013773-EN
å 1Life cycle process
Engineering
• Universal measuring principle
• Measurement unaffected by medium properties
• Hardware and software developed according to SIL IEC 61508
• Genuine, direct interface measurement
Procurement
• Endress+Hauser being the world market leader in level measurement guarantees asset protection
• Worldwide support and service
Installation
• Special tools are not required
• Reverse polarity protection
• Modern, detachable terminals
• Main electronics protected by a separate connection compartment
Commissioning
• Fast, menu-guided commissioning in only 6 steps
• Plain text display in national languages reduces the risk of error or confusion
• Direct local access of all parameters
• Short instruction manual at the device
Operation
• Multi-echo tracking: Increased echo rate and analysis as well as automatic suppression of interfering echoes
• Diagnostics in accordance with NAMUR NE107
Maintenance
• HistoROM: Data backup for instrument settings and measured values
• Exact instrument and process diagnosis to assist fast decisions with clear details concerning remedies
• Intuitive, menu-guided operating concept in national languages saves costs for training, maintenance and
operation
• Housing cover can be opened in hazardous areas
Retirement
• Order code translation for subsequent models
• RoHS-conforming (Restriction of certain Hazardous Substances), unleaded soldering of electronic
components
• Environmentally sound recycling concept
Endress+Hauser5
Measuring systemGeneral notes on probe selection
• Normally, rope probes should be used for bulk solids, rod probes are only suitable for short measuring ranges
up to approx. 2 m (6.6 ft) in bulk solids. This applies above all to applications in which the probe is installed
laterally at an angle and for light and pourable bulk solids.
• In the case of large silos, the lateral pressure on the rope can be so high that a rope with plastic jacketing
must be used. We recommend PA-coated ropes be used for cereal products wheat, flour etc..
Probe selection
The various types of probe in combination with the process connections are suitable for the following
applications:
Levelflex FMP56
Type of probeRope probe
Levelflex FMP56, FMP57
Feature 060 - Probe:
Max. probe length12 m (40 ft)
Max. tensile loading capacity12 kN
For applicationlevel measurement in bulk solids
Option:
LA4 mm (316)
LB1/6" (316)
NB 6 mm (PA>Steel)
NE1/4" (PA>Steel)
A0011388
6Endress+Hauser
Levelflex FMP56, FMP57
Levelflex FMP57
Type of probeRope probeRod probe
A0011387
A0011388
Feature 060 - Probe:Option:Option:
LA4 mm (316)AEAF16 mm (316L)
LB1/6" (316)
LC6 mm (316)
LD1/4" (316)
NB 6 mm (PA>Steel)
NC 8 mm (PA>Steel)
NE1/4" (PA>Steel)
NF1/3" (PA>Steel)
Max. probe length45 m (148 ft)4 m (13 ft)
For applicationlevel measurement in bulk solids
Endress+Hauser7
Input
Levelflex FMP56, FMP57
Measured variable
The measured variable is the distance between the reference point and the product surface.
Subject to the empty distance entered "E" the level is calculated.
Alternatively, the level can be converted into other variables (volume, mass) by means of linearization (32
points).
Measuring range
The following table describes the media groups and the possible measuring range as a function of the media
group.
Levelflex FMP56
Measuring range
Media group
11.4...1.6plastic powder12 m (39 ft)
21.6...1.9• plastic granulate
31.9...2.5portland cement, plaster12 m (39 ft)—
42.5...4grain, seeds—12 m (39 ft)
54...7• naturally moist (ground) stones, ores
6> 7• metallic powder
DC (er)
• white lime, special cement
• sugar
flour—12 m (39 ft)
• ground stones
• sand
• salt
• carbon black
• coal
Typical bulk solids
bare metallic
rope probes
1)
12 m (39 ft)12 m (39 ft)
12 m (39 ft)12 m (39 ft)
12 m (39 ft)12 m (39 ft)
12 m (39 ft)12 m (39 ft)
PA-coated
rope probes
—
1)Take into account restrictions for strongly damping media, e.g. ground material, wheat bran, silicic acid
Levelflex FMP57
Measuring range
Media group
11.4...1.6plastic powder4 m (13 ft)
21.6...1.9• plastic granulate
31.9...2.5portland cement, plaster4 m (13 ft)30 to 45 m (98 to 148 ft)—
42.5...4grain, seeds4 m (13 ft)—25 to 35 m (82 to 115 ft)
54...7• naturally moist (ground) stones, ores
6> 7• metallic powder
DC (er)
• white lime, special cement
• sugar
flour4 m (13 ft)—15 to 25 m (49 to 82 ft)
• ground stones
• sand
• salt
• carbon black
• coal
Typical bulk solids
bare metallic
rod probes
1)
4 m (13 ft)25 to 30 m (82 to 98 ft) 12.5 to 15 m (41 to 49 ft)
4 m (13 ft)45 m (148 ft)25 to 35 m (82 to 115 ft)
4 m (13 ft)45 m (148 ft)35 to 45 m (115 to 148 ft)
4 m (13 ft)45 m (148 ft)45 m (148 ft)
bare metallic
rope probes
20 to 25 m (66 to 82
1)
ft)
PA-coated
rope probes
—
1)Take into account restrictions for strongly damping media, e.g. ground material, wheat bran, silicic acid
8Endress+Hauser
Levelflex FMP56, FMP57
F
UB
E
100%
0%
LN
R
• Reduction of the max. possible measuring range through buildup, above all of moist products.
• The respective lower group applies for very loose or loosened bulk solids.
Blocking distance
The upper blocking distance (= UB) is the minimum distance from the reference point of the measurement
(mounting flange) to the maximum level.
A0013628
R = reference point of measurementE = empty calibration (= zero)
LN = probe lengthF = full calibration (= span)
UB = upper blocking distance
Blocking distance (factory setting):
• with rod and rope probes up to 8 m (26 ft): 200 mm (8 in)
• with rod and rope probes exceeding a length of 8 m (26 ft): 0.025 * (length of probe)
The specified blocking distances are preset on delivery. Depending on the application these settings can
be changed.
Within the blocking distance, a reliable measurement can not be guaranteed.
Measuring frequency
100 MHz to 1,5 GHz
spectrum
Output
Output signalHART
Signal coding
Data transmission rate1200 Baud
Galvanic isolationJa
PROFIBUS PA
Signal coding
Data transmission rate31,25 KBit/s, voltage mode
Galvanic isolationJa
FSK ±0.5 mA over currency signal
Manchester Bus Powered (MBP)
Endress+Hauser9
Levelflex FMP56, FMP57
Signal on alarm
Maintenance information can be viewed via the following interfaces:
• Local display:
– Error symbol (in accordance with NAMUR Recommendation NE 107)
– Plain text display
• Current output: failsafe mode selectable (in accordance with NAMUR Recommendation NE 43):
– Minimum alarm: 3.6 mA
– Maximum alarm (= factory setting): 22 mA
• Digital interface such as HART communication or CDI service interface (in accordance with NAMUR
Recommendation NE 107)
Linearization
The linearization function of the Micropilot M allows the conversion of the measured value into any unit of
length or volume. Linearization tables for calculating the volume in cylindrical tanks are pre-programmed.
Other tables of up to 32 value pairs can be entered manually or semi-automatically.
Galvanic isolation
All circuits for the outputs are galvanically isolated from each other.
Protocol-specific dataHART
Manufacturer ID
Device type ID0x34
HART specification6.0
Device description files (DTM,
DD)
HART load
HART device variablesThe measured values can be freely assigned to the device variables.
Supported functions
17 (0x11)
Information and files under:
• www.endress.com
• www.hartcom.org
Min. 250 W
Measured values for PV (primary variable)
• Level linearized
• Distance
• Electronic temperature
• Relative echo amplitude
Measured values for SV, TV, FV (second, third and fourth variable)
• Level linearized
• Distance
• Terminal voltage
• Electronic temperature
• Absolute echo amplitude
• Relative echo amplitude
• Calculated DC
• Burst mode
• Additional transmitter status
PROFIBUS PA
Manufacturer ID
Ident number0x1558
Profile version3.02
GSD fileInformation and files under:
GSD file version
17 (0x11)
• www.endress.com
• www.profibus.org
10Endress+Hauser
Levelflex FMP56, FMP57
Output values
Analog Input:
• Level linearized
• Distance
• Terminal voltage
• Electronic temperature
• Absolute echo amplitude
• Relative echo amplitude
• Calculated DC
Digital Input:
• Extended diagnostic blocks
• Status output PFS Block
Input values
Analog Output:
• Analog value from PLC (for sensor block external pressure and temperature)
• Analog value from PLC to be indicated on the display
Digital Output:
• Extended diagnostic block
1)
• Level limiter
• Sensor block measurement on
• Sensor block save history on
• Status output
Supported functions• Identification & Maintenance
Simple device identification via control system and nameplate
• Automatic Ident Number Adoption
GSD compatibility mode with respect to the previous device Levelflex M FMP4x
• Physical Layer Diagnostics
Installation check of the PROFIBUS segment and the Levfelflex FMP4x via terminal
voltage and telegram monitoring
• PROFIBUS Up-/Download
Up to 10 times faster reading and writing of parameters via PROFIBUS Up-/
Download
• Condensed Status
Simple and self-explanatory diagnostic information due to categorization of
diagnostic messages
Active barrier with power supply (e.g. RN221N): Observe terminal voltage (®ä 15)
3
HART communication resistor (³250 W): Observe maximum load (®ä 17)
4Connection for Field Communicator 375/475 or Commubox FXA195
5
Analog display device: Observe maximum load (®ä 17)
6
Observe cable specification (®ä 16)
7Potential equalization
8Cable entry
12Endress+Hauser
Levelflex FMP56, FMP57
–
4
+
1
–
2
+
3
+
–
2
3
10
6
4
8
5
4...20mA
+
–
+
–
4...20mA
+
–
1
77
9
11
12
2-wire, 4-20 mA HART, 4...20mA
Without integrated overvoltage protection
A0013923
1
Cable entry for current output 1
2Terminal for current output 1
3
Supply voltage for current output 1 (e.g. RN221N); Observe terminal voltage (®ä 16)
4
HART communication resistor (³ 250 W): Observe maximum load (®ä 17)
5Connection for Field Communicator 375/475 or Commubox FXA195
6
Analog display device ; observe maximum load (®ä 17)
7
Observe cable specification (®ä 16)
8Cable entry for current output 2
9Terminal for current output 2
10
Supply voltage for current output 2 (e.g. RN221N); Obesrve terminal voltage (®ä 16)
11 Analog display device ; observe maximum load
12 Terminal for the potential equalization line
This version is also suited for single-channel operation. In this case, current output 1 must be used.
Endress+Hauser13
4-wire, 4-20 mA HART (FMP5x - **K/L...)
+
–
3
4
4...20mA
³W250
5
6
7
AC/DC
2
9
11
8
1
5
10
+
1
–
2
–
4
+
3
+
1
–
2
4
3
1
2
–
4
+
3
Without integrated overvoltage protection
Levelflex FMP56, FMP57
A0011340
1
Terminal 4...20mA HART
2Evaluation unit, e.g. PLC
3
HART communication resistor (³250 W): Observe maximum load (®ä 17)
4
Analog display device: Observe maximum load (®ä 17)
5
Observe cable specification (®ä 16)
6Connection Field Communicator 375/475 or Commubox FXA195
7
Supply voltage: Observe terminal voltage (®ä 16)
8Terminal supply voltage
9Potential equalization
10 Cable entry for power supply
11 Cable entry for signal line
In order to ensure electromagnetic compatibility (EMC): Do not ground the device via the protective earth
conductor of the supply cable. Instead, ground the device via the process connection (flange or threaded
connection) or the external ground terminal .