Datasheet US3010CW, US3010ACW Datasheet (UNISEM)

Page 1
5 BIT PROGRAMMABLE SYNCHRONOUS BUCK
FEATURESFEATURES
Dual Layout Compatible with SC1152 Designed to meet Intel specification of VRM8.2 & VRM8.3 for Pentium II On board DAC programs the output voltage from 1.3V to 3.5V (US3010) & 1.8V to 3.5V for US3010A Loss less Short Circuit Protection Synchronous operation allows maximum effi­ciency Patented architecture allows fixed frequency operation as well as 100% duty cycle during dynamic load Over Voltage Protection Output Soft Start High current totem pole driver for direct driv­ing of the external Power MOSFET Power Good function
APPLICATIONSAPPLICATIONS
Pentium II & Pentium Pro processor DC to DC converter application Low cost Pentium with AGP
US3010/3010A
CONTROLLER IC
PRELIMINARY DATASHEET
DESCRIPTIONDESCRIPTION
The US3010 family of controller ICs are specifically de­signed to meet Intel specification for Pentium II and Pentium Pro microprocessor applications as well as the next generation P6 family processors. These prod­ucts feature a patented topology that in combination with a few external components as shown in the typical application circuit ,will provide in excess of 16A of out­put current for an on- board DC/DC converter while auto­matically providing the right output voltage via the 5 bit internal DAC .These devices also feature, loss less cur-
rent sensing by using the Rds-on of the high side Power MOSFET as the sensing resistor, a Power Good
window comparator that switches its open collector out­put low when the output is outside of a ±10% window and an OVP output. Other features of the device are ; Undervoltage lockout for both 5V and 12V supplies , an external programmable soft start function as well as pro­gramming the oscillator frequency by using an external capacitor.
TYPICAL APPLICATIONTYPICAL APPLICATION
5V
12V
C2
VID4 VID3 VID2 VID1 VID0
L1 L2
C1
C3
C4 C6
R1
NC
9
SS/BstH
13
Notes: Pentium II and Pentium Pro are trade marks of Intel Corp.
C5 R2
12162
D3 D2D4 D1 D0 17
Q1
R4 R10
R3 R5
6
HDrv LDrv
CS+ Gnd Vfb
18819520
CS-V12 V5
US3010
PACKAGE ORDER INFORMATIONPACKAGE ORDER INFORMATION
Ta (°C) Device Package VID Voltage Range
0 TO 70 US3010CW 20 pin Plastic SOIC WB 1.3V to 3.5V 0 TO 70 US3010ACW 20 pin Plastic SOIC WB 1.8V to 3.5V
Q2
11110715
Ct/
NC/
AGnd
PGndH OVP
R11
C9
PGd
3
R8
R7
C7
R9
R6
C8
R12 R13
En
14
4
C11
3010app1-1.1
C10
OutEn
Power Good
OVP
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US3010/3010A
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGSABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
V5 supply Voltage ........................................... 7V
V12 Supply Voltage ............................................ 20V
Storage Temperature Range ................................. -65 TO 150°C
Operating Junction Temperature Range .......... 0 TO 125°C
PACKAGE INFORMATIONPACKAGE INFORMATION
20 PIN WIDE BODY PLASTIC SOIC (W)
TOP VIEW
1
Ct
2
V5
3
OVP
4
PGd
5
CS-
6
CS+
7
NC
8
HDrv
9
NC
10
Gnd
θJA =85°C/W
20
D0
19
D1
18
D2
17
D3
16
D4
15
Vfb
14
En
13
SS
12
V12
11
LDrv
ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONSELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Unless otherwise specified ,these specifications apply over ,V12 = 12V, V5 = 5V and Ta=0 to 70°C. Typical values refer to Ta =25°C. Low duty cycle pulse testing are used which keeps junction and case temperatures equal to the
ambient temperature.
PARAMETER SYM TEST CONDITION MIN TYP MAX UNITS VID Section
DAC output voltage 0.99Vs Vs 1.01Vs V (note 1) DAC Output Line Regulation 0.1 % DAC Output Temp Variation 0.5 % VID Input LO 0.4 V VID Input HI 2 V VID input internal pull-up 27 k resistor to V5
Power Good Section
Under voltage lower trip point Vout ramping down 0.89Vs 0.90Vs 0.91Vs V Under voltage upper trip point Vout ramping up 0.92Vs V UV Hysterises .015Vs .02Vs .025Vs V Over voltage upper trip point Vout ramping up 1.09Vs 1.10Vs 1.11Vs V Over voltage lower trip point Vout ramping down 1.08Vs V OV Hysterises .015Vs .02Vs .025Vs V Power Good Output LO RL=3mA 0.4 V Power Good Output HI RL=5K pull up to 5V 4.8 V
Soft Start Section
Soft Start Current CS+ =0V , CS- =5V 10 uA
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US3010/3010A
UVLO Section
UVLO Threshold-12V Supply ramping up 9.2 10 10.8 V UVLO Hysterises-12V 0.3 0.4 0.5 V UVLO Threshold-5V Supply ramping up 4.1 4.3 4.5 V UVLO Hysterises-5V 0.2 0.3 0.4 V
Error Comparator Section
Input bias current 2 uA Input Offset Voltage -2 +2 mV Delay to Output Vdiff=10mV 100 nS
Current Limit Section
C.S Threshold Set Current 160 200 240 uA C.S Comp Offset Voltage -5 +5 mV Hiccup Duty Cycle Css=0.1 uF 2 %
Supply Current
Operating Supply Current CL=3000pF
V5 20 V12 14 mA
Output Drivers Section
Rise Time CL=3000pF 70 100 nS Fall Time CL=3000pF 70 130 nS Dead band Time CL=3000pF 100 200 300 nS
Oscillator Section
Osc Frequency Ct=150pF 190 220 250 Khz Osc Valley 0.2 V Osc Peak V5 V
Output Enable Section
Pull up Resistor to V5 35 k HI Threshold Voltage 2 V LO Threshold Voltage 0.8 V
Over Voltage Section
OVP Drive Current 50 mA Note 1: Vs refers to the set point voltage given in Table 1.
D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 Vs D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 Vs
0 1 1 1 1 1.30* 1 1 1 1 1 ** 0 1 1 1 0 1.35* 1 1 1 1 0 2.1 0 1 1 0 1 1.40* 1 1 1 0 1 2.2 0 1 1 0 0 1.45* 1 1 1 0 0 2.3 0 1 0 1 1 1.50* 1 1 0 1 1 2.4 0 1 0 1 0 1.55* 1 1 0 1 0 2.5 0 1 0 0 1 1.60* 1 1 0 0 1 2.6 0 1 0 0 0 1.65* 1 1 0 0 0 2.7 0 0 1 1 1 1.70* 1 0 1 1 1 2.8 0 0 1 1 0 1.75* 1 0 1 1 0 2.9 0 0 1 0 1 1.80 1 0 1 0 1 3.0 0 0 1 0 0 1.85 1 0 1 0 0 3.1 0 0 0 1 1 1.90 1 0 0 1 1 3.2 0 0 0 1 0 1.95 1 0 0 1 0 3.3 0 0 0 0 1 2.00 1 0 0 0 1 3.4 0 0 0 0 0 2.05 1 0 0 0 0 3.5 * Output voltage is disabled for US3010A. ** Output voltage is disabled for all versions.
Table 1 - Set point voltage vs. VID codes
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US3010/3010A
PIN DESCRIPTIONSPIN DESCRIPTIONS
PIN# PIN SYMBOL
20 D0 19 D1 18 D2 17 D3 16 D4 4 PGd
15 Vfb 6 CS+
5 CS­13 SS
1 Ct 10 Gnd
11 LDrv 8 HDrv 12 V12
2 V5 3 OVP 14 OUTEN
7,9 NC
Pin Description
LSB input to the DAC that programs the output voltage. This pin can be pulled up exter­nally by a 10k resistor to either 3.3V or 5V supply. Input to the DAC that programs the output voltage.This pin can be pulled up externally by a 10k resistor to either 3.3V or 5V supply. Input to the DAC that programs the output voltage.This pin can be pulled up externally by a 10k resistor to either 3.3V or 5V supply. MSB input to the DAC that programs the output voltage.This pin can be pulled up exter­nally by a 10k resistor to either 3.3V or 5V supply. This pin selects a range of output voltages for the DAC. The voltage range for both the "A" and the none "A" versions of the device is given in table 1. This pin is an open collector output that switches LO when the output of the converter is not within ±10% (typ) of the nominal output voltage.When PWRGD pin switches LO the sat voltage is less than 0.4V at 3mA. This pin is connected directly to the output of the Core supply to provide feedback to the Error comparator. This pin is connected to the Drain of the power MOSFET of the Core supply and it provides the positive sensing for the internal current sensing circuitry. An external resis­tor programs the C.S threshold depending on the Rds of the power MOSFET. An external capacitor is placed in parallel with the programming resistor to provide high frequency noise filtering. This pin is connected to the Source of the power MOSFET for the Core supply and it provides the negative sensing for the internal current sensing circuitry. This pin provides the soft start for the switching regulator. An internal current source charges an external capacitor that is conected from this pin to the GND which ramps up the outputs of the switching regulator, preventing the outputs from overshooting as wellas limiting the input current. The second function of the Soft Start cap is to provide long off time for the synchronous MOSFET or the Catch diode (HICCUP) during current limiting. This pin programs the oscillator frequency in the range of 50 kHZ to 500kHZ with an external capacitor connected from this pin to the GND. This pin serves as the ground pin and must be conected directly to the ground plane. A high frequency capacitor (0.1 to 1 uF) must be connected from V5 and V12 pins to this pin for noise free operation. Output driver for the synchronous power MOSFET. Output driver for the high side power MOSFET. This pin is connected to the 12 V supply and serves as the power Vcc pin for the output drivers.A high frequency capacitor (0.1 to 1 uF) must be connected directly from this pin to GND pin in order to supply the peak current to the power MOSFET during the transi­tions. 5V supply voltage. Over voltage comparator output. This is the output enable pin.This pin is internally pulled high through a 35k resistor to 5V supply. A low signal on this pin disables the output. No connect.
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BLOCK DIAGRAMBLOCK DIAGRAM
US3010/3010A
En
V12
V5
D0 D1 D2 D3 D4
OVP
Gnd
UVLO
5Bit
DAC,
Ctrl
Logic
1.18Vset
Enable
Vset
Enable
Vset
+
Slope Comp
Soft
Start &
Fault
Logic
Enable
Osc
Enable
PWM
Control
Over
Current
200uA
1.1Vset
0.9Vset
V12
V12
3010Ablk1-1.2
Vfb HDrv
LDrv
CS­CS+
Ct SS
PGd
Rev. 1.1 5/18/98
Figure 1 - Simplified block diagram of the US3010/3010A.
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US3010/3010A
TYPICAL APPLICATIONTYPICAL APPLICATION
SYNCHRONOUS OPERATION
(Dual Layout with SC1152)
5V
12V
VID4 VID3 VID2 VID1 VID0
L1 L2
C1
R1
C5 R2
C3
C4 C6
12162
NC
9
Q1
R4 R10
Q2
R3 R5
6
HDrv LDrv
CS+ Gnd Vfb
11110715
CS-V12 V5
C7
R6
En
R8
R7
R9
C8
R12 R13
14
C10
OutEn
US3010
SS/BstH
13
C2
D3 D2D4 D1 D0
18819520
17
NC/
AGnd
PGndH OVP
R11
PGd
Ct/
4
C11
3
Power Good
OVP
3010app1-1.1
C9
Figure 2- Typical application of US3010/3010A in an on board DC-DC converter providing the Core supply for the
Pentium II microprocessor.
Table of components that need to be modified to make the dual layout work for US3010A* and SC1152.
Part # R1 R2 R4 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11 C2 C5 C8 C9 SC1152 S O O V V V V S O O V O US3010A* O V S O S O O O V V O V
S - Short O - Open V - See Unisem or Semtech parts list for the value. * Table also applies to the none "A" version of the part. Note 1 : R8 can be replaced with shorting wire of #20 AWG or lower. This elliminates the expensive current
sense resistor that otherwise is needed with SC1152.
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US3010/3010A
US3010/3010A and SC1152 Dual Layout Parts List
Ref Desig Description Qty Part # Manuf Q1 MOSFET 1 IRL3103
IRL3103S (Note 1) IR
Q2 MOSFET 1 IRL3103
IRL3103S (Note 1) IR L1 Inductor 1 L=1 uH L2 Inductor 1 Core
L=2.5 uH R=2 mohm Micro Metal C10 Capacitor ,Electrolytic 5 6MV1500GX ,1500uF,6.3V, Sanyo C3 Capacitor ,Electrolytic 2 6MV1500GX ,1500uF,6.3V, Sanyo C1 Capacitor ,Electrolytic 1 680uF,10V, EEUFA1A681L Panasonic C2 Capacitor , Ceramic 1 1 uF , SMT C5 Capacitor , Ceramic 1 220 pF , SMT C4,6 Capacitor , Ceramic 2 1 uF , SMT C9 Capacitor , Ceramic 1 150 pF , X7R, SMT C7 Capacitor , Ceramic 1 470pF , SMT C11 Capacitor , Ceramic 1 0.01 uF , SMT C8 Capacitor , Ceramic 1 open , SMT R2 Resistor 1 2.21 k , 1% ,SMT R3 Resistor 1 10 , 5%, SMT , 1206 size R4 Resistor 1 Short, SMT R5 Resistor 1 10 , 5%, SMT , 1206 size R6 Resistor 1 10 , 5%, SMT , 1206 size R8 Resistor 1 short , #20 AWG wire R1,7,9, Resistor 5 open , SMT 10,11 R12,13 Resistor 2 100 k , 5%, SMT HS1 Q1 Heatsink 1 6270 Thermalloy HS2 Q2 Heatsink 1 6270 Thermalloy
Note 1 : For the applications where it is desirable not to use the Heatsink, the IRL3103S MOSFET in the TO263 SMT package with 1 square of pad area using top and bottom layers of the board as a minimum is required.
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US3010/3010A
Application InformationApplication Information
An example of how to calculate the components for the application circuit is given below. Assuming, two sets of output conditions that this regu­lator must meet, a) Vo=2.8V , Io=14.2A, Vo=185mV, ∆Io=14.2A b) Vo=2V , Io=14.2A, Vo=140mV, ∆Io=14.2A The regulator design will be done such that it meets the worst case requirement of each condition.
Output Capacitor Selection
The first step is to select the output capacitor. This is done primarily by selecting the maximum ESR value that meets the transient voltage budget of the total ∆Vo specification. Assuming that the regulators DC initial accuracy plus the output ripple is 2% of the output volt­age, then the maximum ESR of the output capacitor is calculated as :
100
=
ESR
The Sanyo MVGX series is a good choice to achieve both the price and performance goals. The 6MV1500GX , 1500uF, 6.3V has an ESR of less than 36 m typ .
Selecting 6 of these capacitors in parallel has an ESR of 6 m which achieves our low ESR goal.
Other type of Electrolytic capacitors from other manu­facturers to consider are the Panasonic “FA” series or the Nichicon “PL” series.
Reducing the Output Capacitors Using Voltage Level Shifting Technique
The trace resistance or an external resistor from the output of the switching regulator to the Slot 1 can be used to the circuit advantage and possibly reduce the number
of output capacitors, by level shifting the DC regu­lation point when transitioninig from light load to full load and vice versa. To accomplish this, the out-
put of the regulator is typically set about half the DC drop that results from light load to full load. For example, if the total resistance from the output capacitors to the Slot 1 and back to the GND pin of the device is 5m and if the total I, the change from light load to full load is 14A, then the output voltage measured at the top of the resistor divider which is also connected to the output capacitors in this case, must be set at half of the 70 mV or 35mV higher than the DAC voltage setting.
1427.
m
This intentional voltage level shifting during the load tran­sient eases the requirement for the output capacitor ESR at the cost of load regulation. One can show that the new ESR requirement eases up by half the total trace resistance. For example, if the ESR requirement of the output capacitors without voltage level shifting must be 7m then after level shifting the new ESR will only need to be 8.5m if the trace resistance is 5m (7+5/2=9.5). However, one must be careful that the combined “volt­age level shifting” and the transient response is still within the maximum tolerance of the Intel specification. To in­sure this, the maximum trace resistance must be less than: Rs 2(Vspec - 0.02*Vo - Vo)/I Where : Rs=Total maximum trace resistance allowed Vspec=Intel total voltage spec Vo=Output voltage
Vo=Output ripple voltageI=load current step
For example, assuming: Vspec=±140 mV=±0.1V for 2V output Vo=2V
Vo=assume 10mV=0.01VI=14.2A
Then the Rs is calculated to be: Rs 2(0.140 - 0.02*2 - 0.01)/14.2=12.6m However, if a resistor of this value is used, the maximum power dissipated in the trace (or if an external resistor is being used) must also be considered. For example if Rs=12.6 m , the power dissipated is (Io^2)*Rs=(14.2^2)*12.6=2.54W. This is a lot of power to be dissipated in a system. So, if the Rs=5m, then the power dissipated is about 1W which is much more ac­ceptable. If level shifting is not implemented, then the maximum output capacitor ESR was shown previously to be 7m which translated to 6 of the 1500uF, 6MV1500GX type Sanyo capacitors. With Rs=5m, the maximum ESR becomes 9.5m which is equivalent to
4 caps. Another important consideration is that if a trace is being used to implement the resistor, the power dissipated by the trace increases the case temperature of the output capacitors which could seriously effect the life time of the output capaci­tors.
Output Inductor Selection
The output inductance must be selected such that un­der low line and the maximum output voltage condition, the inductor current slope times the output capacitor ESR is ramping up faster than the capacitor voltage is
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US3010/3010A
drooping during a load current step. However if the in­ductor is too small , the output ripple current and ripple voltage become too large. One solution to bring the ripple current down is to increase the switching frequency , however that will be at the cost of reduced efficiency and higher system cost. The following set of formulas are derived to achieve the optimum performance without many design iterations. The maximum output inductance is calculated using the following equation : L = ESR * C * ( Vinmin - Vomax ) / ( 2* I ) Where : Vinmin = Minimum input voltage For Vo = 2.8 V , I = 14.2 A L =0.006 * 9000 * ( 4.75 - 2.8) / (2 * 14.2) = 3.7 uH Assuming that the programmed switching frequency is set at 200 KHZ , an inductor is designed using the Micrometals’ powder iron core material. The summary of the design is outlined below :
The selected core material is Powder Iron , the selected core is T50-52D from Micro Metal wounded with 8 Turns of # 16 AWG wire, resulting in 3 uH inductance with 3 m of DC resistance.
Assuming L = 3 uH and the switching frequency ; Fsw = 200 KHZ , the inductor ripple current and the output ripple voltage is calculated using the following set of equations : T = 1/Fsw T Switching Period D ( Vo + Vsync ) / ( Vin - Vsw + Vsync ) D Duty Cycle Ton = D * T Vsw High side Mosfet ON Voltage = Io * Rds Rds Mosfet On Resistance Toff = T - Ton Vsync Synchronous MOSFET ON Voltage=Io * Rds
Ir = ( Vo + Vsync ) * Toff /LIr Inductor Ripple CurrentVo = Ir * ESRVo Output Ripple Voltage
In our example for Vo = 2.8V and 14.2 A load , Assum­ing IRL3103 MOSFET for both switches with maximum on resistance of 19 m, we have : T = 1 / 200000 = 5 uSec Vsw =Vsync= 14.2*0.019=0.27 V D ( 2.8 + 0.27 ) / ( 5 - 0.27 + 0.27 ) = 0.61 Ton = 0.61 * 5 = 3.1 uSec Toff = 5 - 3.1 = 1.9 uSec
Ir = ( 2.8 + 0.27 ) * 1.9 / 3 = 1.94 AVo = 1.94 * .006 = .011 V = 11 mV
Power Component Selection
Assuming IRL3103 MOSFETs as power components, we will calculate the maximum power dissipation as fol­lows: For high side switch the maximum power dissipation happens at maximum Vo and maximum duty cycle. Dmax ( 2.8 + 0.27 ) / ( 4.75 - 0.27 + 0.27 ) = 0.65 Pdh = Dmax * Io^2*Rds(max) Pdh= 0.65*14.2^2*0.029=3.8 W Rds(max)=Maximum Rds-on of the MOSFET at 125°C For synch MOSFET, maximum power dissipation hap­pens at minimum Vo and minimum duty cycle. Dmin ( 2 + 0.27 ) / ( 5.25 - 0.27 + 0.27 ) = 0.43 Pds = (1-Dmin)*Io^2*Rds(max) Pds=(1 - 0.43) * 14.2^2 * 0.029 = 3.33 W
Heatsink Selection
Selection of the heat sink is based on the maximum allowable junction temperature of the MOSFETS. Since we previously selected the maximum Rds-on at 125°C, then we must keep the junction below this temperature. Selecting TO220 package gives θjc=1.8°C/W ( From the venders’ datasheet ) and assuming that the selected heatsink is Black Anodized , the Heat sink to Case ther­mal resistance is ; θcs=0.05°C/W , the maximum heat sink temperature is then calculated as : Ts = Tj - Pd * (θjc + θcs) Ts = 125 - 3.82 * (1.8 + 0.05) = 118 °C With the maximum heat sink temperature calculated in the previous step, the Heat Sink to Air thermal resis­tance (θsa) is calculated as follows : Assuming Ta=35 °C T = Ts - Ta = 118 - 35 = 83 °C Temperature Rise Above Ambient
θsa = T/Pd θsa = 83 / 3.82 = 22 °C/W
Next , a heat sink with lower θsa than the one calcu­lated in the previous step must be selected. One way to do this is to simply look at the graphs of the “Heat Sink Temp Rise Above the Ambient” vs. the “Power Dissipa­tion” given in the heatsink manufacturers’ catalog and select a heat sink that results in lower temperature rise than the one calculated in previous step. The following heat sinks from AAVID and Thermaloy meet this crite­ria. Co. Part # Thermalloy 6078B AAVID 577002
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If, F= kHz :
200
200
10
Following the same procedure for the Schottcky diode results in a heatsink with θsa = 25 °C/W. Although it is possible to select a slightly smaller heatsink, for sim­plicity the same heatsink as the one for the high side MOSFET is also selected for the synchronous MOSFET.
Switcher Current Limit Protection
The IC uses the MOSFET Rds-on as the sensing resis­tor to sense the MOSFET current and compares to a programmed voltage which is set externally via a resis­tor (Rcs) placed between the drain of the MOSFET and the “CS+” terminal of the IC as shown in the application circuit. For example, if the desired current limit point is set to be 22A and from our previous selection, the maxi­mum MOSFET Rds-on=19m, then the current sense resistor, Rcs is calculated as : Vcs=IcL*Rds=22*0.019=0.418V Rcs=Vcs/Ib=(0.418V)/(200uA)=2.1k Where: Ib=200uA is the internal current setting of the device
Switcher Timing Capacitor Selection
The US3010A frequency can be programmed using an external timing capacitor. The value of Ct can be ap­proximated using the equation below:
5
×
35 10
SW
T
SW
.
C
T
:
min
=
F
Where
C =Ti g Capacitor
F Switching Frequency
Slot 1 and back to the GND pin of the device is 5m and if the total I, the change from light load to full load is 14A, then the output voltage measured at the top of the resistor divider which is also connected to the output capacitors in this case, must be set at half of the 70 mV or 35mV higher than the DAC voltage setting. To do this, the top resistor of the resistor divider, Rtop is set at 100Ω, and the bottom resistor, Rb is calculated. For example, if DAC voltage setting is for 2.8V and the desired output under light load is 2.835V, then Rb is calculated using the following formula : Rb= 100*{Vdac /(Vo - 1.004*Vdac)} [Ω] Rb= 100*{2.8 /(2.835 - 1.004*2.800)} = 11.76 k Select 11.8 k , 1%
Note: The value of the top resistor must not exceed 100ΩΩ. The bottom resistor can then be adjusted to raise
the output voltage.
Soft Start Capacitor Selection
The soft start capacitor must be selected such that dur­ing the start up when the output capacitors are charging up, the peak inductor current does not reach the current limit treshold. A minimum of 1uF capacitor insures this for most applications. An internal 10uA current source charges the soft start capacitor which slowly ramps up the inverting input of the PWM comparator Vfb3. This insures the output voltage to ramp at the same rate as the soft start cap thereby limiting the input current. For example, with 1uF and the 10uA internal current source the ramp up rate is (V/ t)=I/C = 1V/100mS. Assum­ing that the output capacitance is 9000uF, the maxi­mum start up current will be: I=9000uF*(1V/100mS)=0.09A
Input Filter
SW
5
35 10
C pF
Switcher Output Voltage Adjust
As it was discussed earlier,the trace resistance from the output of the switching regulator to the Slot 1 can be used to the circuit advantage and possibly reduce the number of output capacitors, by level shifting the DC regulation point when transitioninig from light load to full load and vice versa. To account for the DC drop, the output of the regulator is typically set about half the DC drop that results from light load to full load. For example, if the total resistance from the output capacitors to the
.
T
×
×
175
=
3
4-10
It is highly recommended to place an inductor between the system 5V supply and the input capacitors of the switching regulator to isolate the 5V supply from the switching noise that occurs during the turn on and off of the switching components. Typically an inductor in the range of 1 to 3 uH will be sufficient in this type of appli­cation.
Switcher External Shutdown
The best way to shutdown the part is to pull down on the soft start pin using an external small signal transistor such as 2N3904 or 2N7002 small signal MOSFET. This allows slow ramp up of the output, the same as the power up.
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US3010/3010A
Layout Considerations
Switching regulators require careful attention to the lay­out of the components, specifically power components since they switch large currents. These switching com­ponents can create large amount of voltage spikes and high frequency harmonics if some of the critical compo­nents are far away from each other and are connected with inductive traces. The following is a guideline of how to place the critical components and the connections between them in order to minimize the above issues. Start the layout by first placing the power components:
1) Place the input capacitors C3 and the high side mosfet ,Q1 as close to each other as possible
2) Place the synchronous mosfet,Q2 and the Q1 as close to each other as possible with the intention that the source of Q1 and drain of the Q2 has the shortest length.
3) Place the snubber R4 & C7 between Q1 & Q2.
4) Place the output inductor ,L2 and the output capaci­tors ,C10 between the mosfet and the load with output capacitors distributed along the slot 1 and close to it.
5) Place the bypass capacitors, C4 and C6 right next to 12V and 5V pins. C4 next to the 12V, pin 12 and C6 next to the 5V, pin 2.
6) Place the IC such that the pwm output drives, pins 9 and 11 are relatively short distance from gates of Q1 and Q2.
7) If the ouput voltage is to be adjusted, place resistor dividers close to the feedback pin. Note 1: Although, the device does not require resistor dividers and the feedback pin can be directly connected to the output, they can be used to set the outputs slightly higher to account for any output drop at the load due to the trace resistance. See the application note.
8) Place timing capacitor C9 close to pin1 and soft start capacitor C2 close to pin 13 Component connections:
Note : It is extremely important that no data bus should be passing through the switching regulator section specifically close to the fast transition nodes such as PWM drives or the inductor voltage.
Using 4 layer board, dedicate on layer to GND, another layer as the power layer for the 5V, 3.3V and Vcore.
Connect all grounds to the ground plane using di­rect vias to the ground plane.
Use large low inductance/low impedance plane to con­nect the following connections either using component side or the solder side. a) C3 to Q1 Drain b) Q1 Source to Q2 Drain
c) Q2 drain to L2 d) L2 to the output capacitors, C10 e) C10 to the slot 1 f) Input filter L1 to the C3 Connect the rest of the components using the shortest connection possible
Rev. 1.1 5/18/98
4-11
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