AC COUPLED INPUT TO CLASS AB BRID G E
OUTPUT AMPLIFIER
■
PRECISION RECTIFIERS TO DRIVE THE
DIGITAL CONVERTER
■
ON-OFF SEQUENCE/ TIMER WITH MUTE
AND STANDBY
■
PROPORTIONAL OVER POWER OUTPUT
CURRENT TO LIMIT THE DIGITAL
CONVERTER
■
ABSOLUTE POWER BRIDGE OUTPUT
ARCHITECTURE
Ω,
Ω,
STA5150
FLEXIWATT27
TRANSISTOR POWER PROTECTION
■
ABSOLUTE OUTPUT CURRENT LIMIT
■
INTEGRATED THERMAL PROTECTION
■
POWER SUPPLY OVER VOLTAGE
PROTECTION
■
FLEXIWATT POW ER PAC KAG E WI TH 2 7 PIN
■
BASH® LICENCE REQUIRED
DESCRIPTION
The STA5150 is a fully integrated power module designed to implement a BASH® amplifier when used
in conjunction with STABP01 digital processor.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
ATT_REL
TRK_OUT
IN_PRE
THRESH
COMPRESSOR
V/l
S1
Ict
-VSGND+VS
+
-
∆G
PEAK
DETECTOR
ABSOLUTE
VALUE
BLOCK
PWR_INPTRKOUT_ PRE
+2
+2
OUTPUT BRIDGE
SOA
OVER
VOLTAGE
PROTECTION
THERMAL
PROTECTION
DETECTOR
TURN-
ON/OFF
SEQUENCE
-1
-1
OUTPUT BRIDGECD-N
CD+P
OUTP
OUTP
CD-P
CD+
PROT.
STBY/MUTE
CD+N
OUTN
OUTN
D01AU1280
July 2003
1/14
Page 2
STA5150
DESCRIPTION
(continued)
Notice that normally only one Digital Converter is needed to supply a stereo or multi-channel amplifier system,
therefore most of the functions implemented in the circuit have summing outputs
The signal circuits are bias ed by fixed negative and posi tive voltages r eferred to Ground. Instead the final stages of the output amplifiers are supplied by two external voltages that are following the audio signal . In this way
the headroom for the output transistors is kept at minimum level to obtain a high efficiency power amplifier.
The Compressor circuits, one for each channel, performs a particular transfer behavior to avoid the dynamic
restriction that an adaptive system like this requires. To have a high flexibility the attack / release time and the
threshold levels are exter nal ly progr ammable. The tracking s ignal for the ex ter nal digita l converter is generated
from the Absolute Value block that rectifies the audio signal present at the compressor output. The outputs of
these blocks are decoupled by a diode to permit an easy sum of this signal for the mult ichannel application. The
output power bridges have a dedicated input pin to perform an AC decoupling to cancel the compressor output
DC offset. The gain of the stage is equal to 4 (+12dB). A sophis ticated circuit performs the output transistor power detector that , with the digital converter, reduces the power supply voltage . Moreover, a maximum current
output limiting and the over temperature sensor have been added to protect the circuit itself. The external voltage applied to the STBY/MUTE pin forces the two amplifiers in the proper condition to guarantee a silent turnon and turn-off.
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
SymbolParameterValueUnit
+V
-V
Positive supply voltage referred to pin 13 (GND)30V
s
Negative supply voltage referred to pin 13 (GND)-24V
s
V
CD+
V
CD+
V
V
V
Att_Rel
CD-
CD-
Positive supply voltage tracking rail referred to pin 13 (GND)22V
Positive supply voltage operated to Vs+
Negative supply voltage referred to -Vs
(1)
(1)
0.3V
-0.3V
Negative supply voltage tracking rail referred to pin 13 (GND) -22V
Pin 3 Negative & Positive maximum voltage reffered to GND (pin
-0.5 to +20V
13)
V
Pwr_Imp
VTrk Pin 7, 10 Negative & Positive maximum voltage referred to
-20 to +20V
GNC (pin 13)
V
In_pre
Pin 8 Negative & Positive maximum voltage referred to GND (pin
-0.5 to +0.5V
13)
V
threshold
Pin 17 Negative & Positive maximum voltage referred to GND (pin
-7 to +0.5V
13)
I
stb-max
V
stbymute
Notes: 1. V
Pin 11 maximum input current (Internal voltage clamp at 5V)500µA
Pin 11 negative maximum voltage referred to GND (pin 13)-0.5V
must not be m ore negativ e than -Vs and V
CD-
must not be more positive than +V
CD+
S
THERMAL DATA
SymbolParameterValueUnit
R
2/14
T
j
th j_case
Max Junction temperature150°C
Thermal Resistance Junction to case .............................. ..max1°C/W
Positive supply voltage tracking rail+3 to 20.7V
Negative supply voltage tracking rail-20.7 to -3V
Current at pin In_Pre related to compressor behaviour-1 to +1 mA peak
Voltage at pin Threshold-5 to 0V
Ambient Temperature Range0 to 70°C
Pin 11 maximum input current (Internal voltage clmp at 5V)200µA
PIN CONNECTION
N.C.
CD-N
D01AU1281
27
-Vs
1
S
-V
CD-P
ATT-REL
OUTP
OUTP
CD+P
PWR_INP
IN_PRE
OUT_PRE
TRK
STBY/MUTE
S
+V
CD+
GND
PROTECTION
TRK_OUT
THRESHOLD
N.C.
N.C.
N.C.
N.C.
CD+N
OUTN
OUTN
3/14
Page 4
STA5150
PIN FUNCTION
N°NameDescription
1-VsNegative Bias Supply
2CD-PChannel P Time varying tracking rail negative power supply
3Att_RelAttack release rate
4OutPChannel P
5OutPChannel P
6CD+PChannel P positive power supply
7Pwr_InpInput to power stage
8In_prePre-amp input (virtual ground)
9Out_preOutput channel
10TrkAbsolute value block input
11Stby/muteStandby/mute input voltage control
12ProtectionProtection signal for STABP01 digital processor
13GndAnalog Ground
14+VsPositive Bias Supply
15CD+Time varying tracking rail positive power supply
16Trk_outReference output for STABP01 digital processor
17ThresholdCompressor threshold input
18N.C.
19N.C.
20N.C.
21N.C.
22CD+NChannel N positive power supply
23OutNChannel N
24OutNChannel N
25N.C.
26CD-NChannel N Time varying tracking rail negative power supply
27-VsNegative Bias Supply
4/14
Page 5
STA5150
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTCS
R
= 4Ω, external components at the nominal value f = 1KHz, Tamb = 25°C unless otherwise specified
Mute (Vstby/mute pin = 2.5V)
Play (Vstby/mute pin = 5V no signal)
ICD+Positive traking rail supply current Stby (Vstby/mute pin = 0V)
Mute (Vstby/mute pin = 2.5V)
Play (Vstby/mute pin = 5V no signal)
ICD-Negative traking rail supply current Stby (Vstby/mute pin = 0V)
Mute (Vstby/mute pin = 2.5V)
Play (Vstby/mute pin = 5V no signal)
400µA/W
4
30
30
4
30
30
100
110
110
100
110
110
mA
mA
mA
mA
mA
mA
µA
mA
mA
µA
mA
mA
6/14
Page 7
STA5150
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
The circuit contains all the blocks to build a mono amplifier. It is based on the Output Bridge Power Amplifier,
and its protection circuit. Moreover, the compression function and a signal rectifier are added to complete the
circuit.
The operation modes are driven by The Turn-on/off sequence block. In fact the IC can be set in three states by
the Stby/mute pin:
Standby ( V
In the Standby mode all the circuits involved in the signal path are in off condition, instead
in Mute mode the circuits are biased but the Speakers Outputs are forced to ground potential.
These voltages can be get by the external RC network connected to Stby/Mute pin.
The same block is used to force quickly the I.C. In standby mode or in mute mode when the I.C. dangerous
condition has been detected. The RC network in these cases is used to delay the Normal operation restore.
The protection of the I.C. are implemented by the Over Temperature, Unbalance Ground, Output Short circuit,
Under voltage, and output transistor Power sensing as shown in the following table:
Table 1. Protection Implementation
Fault Type ConditionProtection strategy Action timeRelease time
Chip Over
temperature
Chip Over
temperature
Unbalancing
Ground
Short circuitIout > 14AStandbyFastSlow, related to
Under Voltage|Vs+| + |Vs-|< 20VStandbyFastSlow, related to
Extra power
dissipation
at output transistor
Maximum power
dissipation
at output transistor
< 0.8V), Mute (1.6V < V
pin
Tj > 130 °CMuteFast Slow Related to
Tj > 150 °CStandbyFast Slow, Related to
|Vgnd| > ((CD+) (CD-))/2 + 5V
Pd tr. > 64W Reducing DIGITAL
Pd tr. > 120W StandbyFastSlow, related to
< 3V), and Play (V
pin
StandbyFastSlow, Related to
CONVERTER output
voltage.
> 4V).
pin
Related to the
DIGITAL
CONVERTER
Turn_on sequence
Turn_on sequence
Turn_on sequence
Turn_on sequence
Turn_on sequence
Related to the
DIGITAL
CONVERTER
Turn_on sequence
See the POWER PROTECTION paragraph for the details
Compression
An other important function implemented, to avoid high power dissipation and clipping distortion, is the Compression of the signal input. In fact the preamplifier stage performs a voltag e gain equal to 5, fixed by Ri and Rr
external resistor, but in case of high input signal or low power supply voltage, its gain could be reduced of 26dB.
This function is obtained with a feedback type compressor that , in practice, reduces the impedance of the external feedback network. The behavior of c ompression it's i nternally fixed but depends fr om the Audio input voltage signal level, and from the Threshold voltage applied to the Threshold pin. The attack and release time are
programmable by the external RC network connected to the Att_Rel pins.
The constraints of the circuit in the typical application are the following:
Vthreshold range = -5 to 0
Vin peak max = 8V
Vout peak max = 10V
7/14
Page 8
STA5150
-
Gain without compression (G) = 5
Max Attenuation ratio= 26 dB
The following graph gives the representation of the Compressor activation status related to the Vthreshold and
the input voltage. The delimitation line between the two fields, compression or not, is expressed by the formula :
⋅
2Vthreshold
=
------------------------------------------
V
in
Where G is the preamplifier gain without compression.
In the compression region the gain of the preamplifier will be reduced
(G = 2·Vthreshold/Vin) to maintain at steady state the output voltage equal 2*|Vthreshold| .
Instead in the other region the compressor will be off (G = 5).
The delimitation line between the two fields can be related to the output voltage of the preamplifier: in this case
the formula is :
V
2Vthreshold
out
Figure 1. Compressor activation field
PEAK
V
IN
G
⋅=
8
6
COMPRESSION
4
G < 5
2
G = 5
D01AU1264
2345
1
|Vthreshold|
The relative attenuation introduced by the variable gain cell is the following :
Attenuatio n20
log
2
-- -
5
--------------------- -
⋅=
V
in_peak
th
V
The total gain of the stage will be:
Gdb = 20log5 + Attenuation
The maximum input swing is related to the value of input resistor, to guarantee that the input current remain
under Iin_Max value (1 mA).
V
in_peak
--------------------- ->
R
i
I
in_max
8/14
Page 9
Figure 2. Compressor attenuation vs. input amplitude
Attenuation(dB)
0
-6
STA5150
-12
|Vth=5|
|Vth=2.5|
-18
|Vth=1|
-24
D01AU1265
2345
1
678
|Vinpk|
ABSOLUTE VALUE BLOCK
The absolute value block rec tifies the signal after the c ompressio n to extract the c ontrol voltage for the ex ternal
digital converter. The output voltage swing is internally limited, the gain is internally fixed to 14.
The input impedance of the rectifier is very high , to allow the appropriate filtering of the audio signal before the
rectification (between Out_pre and Trk pins).
OUTPUT BRIDGE
The Output bridge amplifier makes the single-ended to Differential conversion of the Audio signal using two
power amplifiers, one i n non-inver ting configuration with gain equal to 2 and the other in inv erting confi gur ation
with unity gain. To guarantee the high input impedance at the input pins, Pwr_Inp1 and Pwr_Inp2, the second
amplifier stages are driven by the output of the first stages respectively.
POWER PROTECTION
To protect the output transistors of the power bridge a power detector is implemented (fig 3).
The current flowing in the power bridge and trough the series resistor Rsense is measured reading the voltage
drop between CD+1 and CD+. In the same time the voltage drop on the relevant power (Vds) is internally measured. These two voltages are converted in current and multiplied: the resulting current , Ipd, is proportional to
the instantaneous dissipated power on the relevant output transistor. The current Ipd is compared with the reference current Ipda, if bigger (dissipated power > 64W) a current, Iprot, is supplied to the Protection pin. The
aim of the current Iprot is to reduce the reference voltage for the digital converter supplying the power stage of
the chip, and than to reduce the dissipated power. The respons e time of the sy stem must be les s than 200
µ
Sec
to have an effective protection. As further protection, when Ipd reaches an higher threshold (when the dissipated
value is higher then 120W) the chip is shut down, forcing low the Stby/Mute pin, and the turn on sequence is
restarted.
9/14
Page 10
STA5150
Figure 3. Power Protection Block Diagram
R
SENSE
CD+P
CD+
ILOAD
V/I
OC1
ILIMCURRENT COMP
TO TURN-ON/OFF
SEQUENCE
MULTIPLIER
V/I
I_PD
OPA
CD-
X
OPA
OUTPOUTP
IPD
IPDP
IPD
IPDA
CURRENT COMP
D01AU1282
PDP1
IPROT
TO TURN-ON/OFF
SEQUENCE
TO PROT PAD
In fig. 4 there is the power protection strategy pictur es. Under the curve of the 64W power, the chip is in nor mal
operation, over 120W the chip is forced in Standby. This last status would be reached if the digital converter
does not respond quikly enough reducing the stress to less than 120W.
The fig.5 gives the protection current, Iprot, behavior. The current sourced by the pin Prot follows the formula:
Independently of the output voltage, the chip is also shut down in the folowing conditions:
When the currentthrough the sensing resistor, R
, reaches 14A (Voltage drop (CD+) - (CD+1) = 700mV).
sense
When the average junction temperature of the chip reaches 150°C.
When the ground potential differ from more than 5V from the half of the power supply voltage, ((CD+)-(CD-))/2
|
| +
Vs+
When the sum of the supply voltage
|Vs-| <20V
The output bridge is muted when the average junction temperature reaches 130°C.
10/14
Page 11
STA5150
Figure 4. Powe r prot ection thresh ol dFigure 5. Protection current behaviour
Ids(mA)
8
4
Ilim=14A
B
u
c
k
L
Normal
Operation
100
Standby
Pd_Max=120W
i
m
i
t
a
t
i
o
n
20304050
Pd_reg=64W
D01AU1283
16
12
Figure 6. Tes t an d A pplication Ci rc ui t
INPUT1
R1
IN_PRE
R3
ATT_REL
C2
Vds(V)
C12
R2R5
OUT_PRE
C3
C4
9107
8
3
Iprot(mA)
20
10
D01AU1284
R4R6
TRKPWR_INP
Iprot slope=0.4mA/W
20
4064 80100 120
C1
OUTP
4
5
OUTP
Pd(W)
OUTP
5V
R13
CD+
+V
S
-V
S
CD-
TRK-OUT
R14
D1
C8
C9
PROT
R13
R16
C10
R15
THRESH
R10
R11
C6
C11
R12
CD+P
CD+
CD+N
+V
GND
C7
-V
-V
CD-N
CD-P
TRK-OUT
PROT
THRESH
6
15
22
S
14
STBY/
MUTE
11
R14
C9
MUTESTBY
R15
STA5150
13
27
S
1
S
2
26
16
12
17
OUTN
24
23
OUTN
D01AU1285
OUTN
11/14
Page 12
STA5150
Cctattack
Ict
Vcontrol
------------------------ -=
EXTER NA L COM P ON EN T S
NameFunctionValueFormula
Ri
R1
Input resistor 10KΩ
(|G| = 5, Rr = 50KΩ)
Rr
R
-------=
i
G
Rr
R2
Cac
C1
Cct
C2
R3Release constant time Resistor470KΩ
R4Resistor for tracking input voltage
R5Resistor for tracking input voltage
R6Resistor for tracking input voltage
C3Capacitor for Tracking input
C4Dc decoupling capacitor1µF
R7Bias Resistor for Stby/Mute
R8Stby/Mute constant time resistor 30KΩ
R9M ute resisto r30KΩ
C5Capacitor for Stby/Mute resistor2.2µF
(1): dam-bar protusion not includ ed
(2): molding protusi on i ncluded
OUTLINE AND
MECH AN ICAL DAT A
Flexiwatt27 (vertical)
L2
V
C
B
H
V3
H3
OL3L4
Pin 1
G
H1
G1
H2
R3
R4
N
V2
F
V
A
V1
R2
R
R2
L
FLEX27ME
L1
L5
V1
R1
R1R1
M1
M
D
E
7139011
13/14
Page 14
STA5150
Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, STMicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences
of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted
by implic ation or otherwise under any pat ent or pat ent rights of STMicroe l ectronics . Specificat i ons menti oned in thi s publicati on are subject
to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. STMicroelectronics products are not
authorized for use as cri t i cal compone nts in life support device s or systems without express written approval of STM i croelectr o nics.
The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics
2003 STMi croelectronics - All Ri ghts Rese rved
is the registered trademark and patented technology of INDIGO manufacturing inc.
Australi a - Brazil - Canada - Chin a - F i nl and - France - Germany - H ong Kong - Ind ia - Is rael - Italy - Japan - Malay sia - Malt a - Morocco -
Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom - United States..
STMicroelectronics GROUP OF COMPANIES
http://www.st.com
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