CMOS Low Voltage Photoelectric Smoke Detector ASIC
with Interconnect and Timer Mode
Features
• Two AA Battery Operation
• Internal Power On Reset
• Low Quiescent Current Consumption
• Available in 16L N SOIC
• Local Alarm Memory
• Interconnect up to 40 Detectors
• 9 Minute Timer for Sensitivity Control
• Temporal or Continuous Horn Pattern
• Internal Low Battery and Chamber Test
• All Internal Oscillator
• Internal Infrared Emitter Diode (IRED) driver
• Adjustable IRED Drive current
• Adjustable Hush Sensitivity
• 2% Low Battery Set Point
Description
The RE46C190 is a low power, low voltage CMOS
photoelectric type smoke detector IC. With minimal
external components, this circuit will provide all the
required features for a photoelectric-type smoke
detector.
The design incorporates a gain-selectable photo
amplifier for use with an infrared emitter/detector pair.
An internal oscillator strobes power to the smoke
detection circuitry every 10 seconds, to keep the
standby current to a minimum. If smoke is sensed, the
detection rate is increased to verify an Alarm condition.
A high gain mode is available for push button chamber
testing.
A check for a low battery condition is performed every
86 seconds, and chamber integrity is tested once every
43 seconds, when in Standby. The temporal horn pattern supports the NFPA 72 emergency evacuation signal.
An interconnect pin allows multiple detectors to be
connected such that, when one unit alarms, all units will
sound.
An internal 9 minute timer can be used for a Reduced
Sensitivity mode.
Utilizing low power CMOS technology, the RE46C190
was designed for use in smoke detectors that comply
with Underwriters Laboratory Specification UL217 and
UL268.
PIN CONFIGURATION
2010 Microchip Technology Inc.DS22271A-page 1
RE46C190
Control
Logic and
Timing
Trimmed
Oscilator
POR and
BIAS
+
-
+
-
VDD (3)
IRCAP (11)
IRN (7)
IRED (2)
TEST (4)
R4
R3
LX (16)
FEED (10)
HS (14)
V
BST
(15)
RLED (8)
GLED (9)
HB (13)
IRP (6)
VSS (1)
Interconnect
+
-
Programmable
IRED Current
Programmable
Limits
Photo
Integrator
Precision
Reference
+
-
TEST2 (5)
Horn Driver
Level
Shift
IO (12)
Current
Sense
Boost Control
Boost Comparator
Low Battery
Comparator
Smoke
Comparator
Programming
Control
High
Normal
Hysteresis
TYPICAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
DS22271A-page 2 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
TYPICAL BATTERY APPLICATION
Note 1: C2 should be located as close as possible to the device power pins, and C1 should be located as close
as possible to V
SS
.
2: R3, R4 and C5 are typical values and may be adjusted to maximize sound pressure.
3: DC-DC converter in High Boost mode (nominal V
BST
= 9.6V) can draw current pulses of greater than 1A,
and is therefore very sensitive to series resistance. Critical components of this resistance are the
inductor DC resistance, the internal resistance of the battery and the resistance in the connections from
the inductor to the battery, from the inductor to the LX pin and from the V
SS
pin to the battery. In order to
function properly under full load at V
DD
= 2V, the total of the inductor and interconnect resistances should
not exceed 0.3 . The internal battery resistance should be no more than 0.5 and a low ESR capacitor
of 10 µF or more should be connected in parallel with the battery, to average the current draw over the
boost converter cycle.
4: Schottky diode D1 must have a maximum peak current rating of at least 1.5A. For best results it should
have forward voltage specification of less than 0.5V at 1A, and low reverse leakage.
5: Inductor L1 must have a maximum peak current rating of at least 1.5A.
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
3
2
1
V
SS
IRED
V
DD
TEST
TEST2
IRP
IRN
RLED
FEED
GLED
IRCAP
IO
HB
HS
V
BST
LX
RE46C190
D2
D3
4
9
D1
4.7 µF
C4
200K
R3
1.5M
R4
1 nF
C5
L1
10 µH
330
R5
33 µF
C6
To other Units
1 µF
C2
100
R1
10 µF
C1
V
DD
Push-to-Test/
Hush
V
BST
330
R6
100
R7
D4
RED
D5
GREEN
C3
Smoke
Chamber
Battery
3V
TP1TP2
V
BST
100 µF
RE46C190
2010 Microchip Technology Inc.DS22271A-page 3
RE46C190
NOTES:
DS22271A-page 4 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
RE46C190
1.0ELECTRICAL
CHARACTERISTICS
Absolute Maximum Ratings†
Supply Voltage.....................................VDD=5.5V; V
Input Voltage Range Except FEED, TEST..... V
FEED Input Voltage Range..................... V
TEST Input Voltage Range ......... V
Input Current except FEED ................................... I
Continuous Operating Current (HS, HB, V
Continuous Operating Current (IRED) ...............I
Operating Temperature ...............................T
Storage Temperature ............................T
ESD Human Body Model.................................. V
ESD Machine Model .............................................V
INTEST
= -.3V to VDD +.3V
IN
=-10 to +22V
INFD
=-.3V to V
)...... IO= 40 mA
BST
OIR
= -10 to +60°C
A
= -55 to +125°C
STG
HBM
=13V
BST
+.3V
BST
= 10 mA
IN
= 300 mA
= 750V
= 75V
MM
† Notice: Stresses above those listed under “Maximum
ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is
a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at
these or any other conditions above those indicated in the
operation listings of this specification is not implied. Exposure
to maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect
device reliability.
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
DC Electrical Characteristics: Unless otherwise indicated, all parameters apply at T
inductor disconnected and the DC-DC converter NOT running.
2:Typical values are for design information only.
3:Limits over the specified temperature range are not production tested and are based on characterization
data. Unless otherwise stated, production test is at room temperature with guardbanded limits.
4:Not production tested.
= -10 to +60°C, VDD = 3V,
A
No loads, Boost Off, No
smoke check
No loads, Boost Off, No
smoke check
Check, GLED operation
=40mA
I
OUT
RLED Operation,
= 40 mA, IO as an
I
OUT
input
DD
=10.7V
V
BST
BST
IO as an input
is forced externally with the
or VSS
BST
= 9V
= 9V
2010 Microchip Technology Inc.DS22271A-page 5
RE46C190
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (CONTINUED)
DC Electrical Characteristics: Unless otherwise indicated, all parameters apply at T
inductor disconnected and the DC-DC converter NOT running.
2:Typical values are for design information only.
3:Limits over the specified temperature range are not production tested and are based on characterization
data. Unless otherwise stated, production test is at room temperature with guardbanded limits.
4:Not production tested.
= -10 to +60°C, VDD = 3V,
A
BST
IO as an input
DD
DD
= 16 mA, V
OL
= 10 mA, V
OL
= 10 mA, V
OL
= 16 mA, V
OL
IO
= 0V, V
V
IO
Alarm or Test, V
V
= 5V, IRCAP = 5V,
BST
(50 mA option selected;
=27°C)
T
A
= 5V, IRCAP = 5V,
V
BST
(100 mA option selected;
TA=27°C)
= 5V, IRCAP = 5V,
V
BST
(150 mA option selected;
TA=27°C)
V
= 5V, IRCAP = 5V,
BST
(200 mA option selected;
=27°C)
T
A
= 5V, IRCAP = 5V;
BST
Note 4
is forced externally with the
= 9V
BST
BST
BST
BST
= 3V or
= 9V
BST
IO
= 1V,
IRED
= 1V,
IRED
= 1V,
IRED
= 1V,
IRED
= 9V
= 9V
= 3.6V
= 9V
=1V
DS22271A-page 6 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
RE46C190
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (CONTINUED)
DC Electrical Characteristics: Unless otherwise indicated, all parameters apply at T
inductor disconnected and the DC-DC converter NOT running.
2:Typical values are for design information only.
3:Limits over the specified temperature range are not production tested and are based on characterization
data. Unless otherwise stated, production test is at room temperature with guardbanded limits.
4:Not production tested.
= -10 to +60°C, VDD = 3V,
A
2.1V nominal selected
2.2V nominal selected
2.3V nominal selected
2.4V nominal selected
2.5V nominal selected
2.6V nominal selected
2.7V nominal selected
2.8V nominal selected
V
= 5V; I
BST
= 5V; I
V
BST
is forced externally with the
OUT
OUT
= 20 mA
= 20 mA
2010 Microchip Technology Inc.DS22271A-page 7
RE46C190
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
AC Electrical Characteristics: Unless otherwise indicated, all parameters apply at T
Note 1:See timing diagram for Horn Pattern (Figure 5-2).
2:T
PCLK
and T
are 100% production tested. All other AC parameters are verified by functional testing.
IRON
3:Typical values are for design information only.
4:Limits over the specified temperature range are not production tested, and are based on characterization
data.
= -10° to +60°C, VDD = 3V,
A
IO = high
with temporal horn
pattern
with continuous horn
pattern
alarm
LED enabled
LED enabled
LED enabled
smoke sample
after two consecutive
valid smoke samples
(three consecutive valid
smoke samples)
>1 chamber detections
no chamber detections
DS22271A-page 8 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
RE46C190
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (CONTINUED)
AC Electrical Characteristics: Unless otherwise indicated, all parameters apply at T
13470500530msLocal or remote alarm
with Temporal Horn
Pattern
Alarm Off Time
T
HOF2A
13470500530msLocal or remote alarm
with Temporal Horn
Pattern
Alarm On Time
T
HOF3A
T
HON2B
131.41.51.6sLocal or remote alarm
13235250265msLocal or remote alarm
with Continuous
Horn Pattern
Alarm Off Time
T
HOF2B
13788388msLocal or remote alarm
with Continuous
Horn Pattern
Note 1:See timing diagram for Horn Pattern (Figure 5-2).
2:T
PCLK
and T
are 100% production tested. All other AC parameters are verified by functional testing.
IRON
3:Typical values are for design information only.
4:Limits over the specified temperature range are not production tested, and are based on characterization
data.
= -10° to +60°C, VDD = 3V,
A
smoke sample
after two consecutive
valid smoke samples
(three consecutive valid
smoke samples)
LTD enabled
no alarm, 3x chirp option
(Note 1)
(Note 1)
(Note 1)
(Note 1)
(Note 1)
2010 Microchip Technology Inc.DS22271A-page 9
RE46C190
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (CONTINUED)
AC Electrical Characteristics: Unless otherwise indicated, all parameters apply at T
Note 1:See timing diagram for Horn Pattern (Figure 5-2).
2:T
PCLK
and T
are 100% production tested. All other AC parameters are verified by functional testing.
IRON
3:Typical values are for design information only.
4:Limits over the specified temperature range are not production tested, and are based on characterization
data.
= -10° to +60°C, VDD = 3V,
A
push-to-test
push-to-test
to IO active
from IO active to alarm
from IO active to alarm
alarm or test
TEMPERATURE CHARACTERISTICS
Electrical Specifications: All limits specified for V
Electrical Characteristics.
ParametersSymMinTypMaxUnitsConditions
Temperature Ranges
Operating Temperature RangeT
Storage Temperature RangeT
Thermal Package Resistances
Thermal Resistance, 16L-SOIC (150 mil.)θ
DS22271A-page 10 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
A
STG
JA
DD
=3V, V
= 4.2V and VSS= 0V, Except where noted in the
BST
-10—+60°C
-55—+125°C
—86.1—°C/W
2.0PIN DESCRIPTIONS
The descriptions of the pins are listed in Tab le 2 -1 .
TABLE 2-1:PIN FUNCTION TABLE
RE46C190
SOIC
SymbolFunction
RE46C190
1V
2IREDProvides a regulated and programmable pulsed current for the infrared emitter
3V
4TESTThis input is used to invoke Test modes and the Timer mode. This input has an
5TEST2Test input for test and programming modes. This input has an internal pull-down.
6IRPConnect to the anode of the photo diode.
7IRNConnect to the cathode of the photo diode.
8RLEDOpen drain NMOS output, used to drive a visible LED. This pin provides load current
9GLEDOpen drain NMOS output used to drive a visible LED to provide visual indication of
10FEEDUsually connected to the feedback electrode through a current limiting resistor. If not
11IRCAPUsed to charge and monitor the IRED capacitor.
12IOThis bidirectional pin provides the capability to interconnect many detectors in a
13HBThis pin is connected to the metal electrode of a piezoelectric transducer.
14HSThis pin is a complementary output to HB, connected to the ceramic electrode of the
15V
16LXOpen drain NMOS output, used to drive the boost converter inductor. The inductor
SS
DD
BST
Connect to the negative supply voltage.
diode.
Connect to the positive supply or battery voltage.
internal pull-down.
for the low battery test, and is a visual indicator for Alarm and Hush modes.
an Alarm Memory condition.
used, this pin must be connected to V
single system. This pin has an internal pull-down device and a charge dump device.
piezoelectric transducer.
Boosted voltage produced by DC-DC converter.
should be connected from this pin to the positive supply through a low resistance
path.
or VSS.
DD
2010 Microchip Technology Inc.DS22271A-page 11
RE46C190
NOTES:
DS22271A-page 12 2010 Microchip Technology Inc.
RE46C190
3.0DEVICE DESCRIPTION
3.1St andby Internal Timing
The internal oscillator is trimmed to ±6% tolerance.
Once every 10 seconds, the boost converter is
powered up, the IRcap is charged from V
the detection circuitry is active for 10 ms. Prior to
completion of the 10 mS period, the IRED pulse is
active for a user-programmable duration of 100400 µs. During this IRED pulse, the photo diode current
is integrated and then digitized. The result is compared
to a limit value stored in EEPROM during calibration to
determine the photo chamber status. If a smoke
condition is present, the period to the next detection
decreases, and additional checks are made.
3.2Smoke Detection Circuitry
The digitized photo amplifier integrator output is
compared to the stored limit value at the conclusion of
the IRED pulse period. The IRED drive is all internal,
and both the period and current are user
programmable. Three consecutive smoke detections
will cause the device to go into Alarmand activate the
horn and interconnect circuits. In Alarm, the horn is
driven at the high boost voltage level, which is
regulated based on an internal voltage reference, and
therefore results in consistent audibility over battery
life. RLED will turn on for 10 ms at a 2 Hz rate. In Local
Alarm, the integration limit is internally decreased to
provide alarm hysteresis. The integrator has three
separate gain settings:
• Normal and Hysteresis
• Reduced Sensitivity (HUSH)
• High Gain for Chamber Test and Push-to-Test
There are four separate sets of integration limits (all
user programmable):
• Normal Detection
• Hysteresis
• HUSH
• Chamber Test and Push-to-Test modes
In addition, there are user selectable integrator gain
settings to optimize detection levels (see Tab le 4 -1 ).
and then
BST
3.3Supervisory Tests
Once every 86 seconds, the status of the battery
voltage is checked by enabling the boost converter for
10 ms and comparing a fraction of the V
an internal reference. In each period of 344 seconds,
the battery voltage is checked four times. Three checks
are unloaded and one check is performed with the
RLED enabled, which provides a battery load. The
High Boost mode is active only for the loaded low
battery test. In addition, once every 43 seconds the
chamber is activated and a High Gain mode and
chamber test limits are internally selected. A check of
the chamber is made by amplifying background
reflections. The Low Boost mode is used for the
chamber test.
If either the low battery test or the chamber test fails,
the horn will pulse on for 10 ms every 43 seconds, and
will continue to pulse until the failing condition passes.
If two consecutive chamber tests fail, the horn will pulse
on three times for 10 ms, separated by 330 ms every
43 seconds. Each of the two supervisory test audible
indicators is separated by approximately 20 seconds.
As an option, a Low Battery Silence mode can be
invoked. If a low battery condition exists, and the TEST
input is driven high, the RLED will turn on. If the TEST
input is held for more than 0.5 second, the unit will
enter the Push-to-test operation described in
Section 3.4 “Push-to-Test Operation (PTT)”. After
the TEST input is driven low, the unit enters in Low
Battery Hush mode, and the 10 ms horn pulse is
silenced for 8 hours. The activation of the test button
will also initiate the 9 minute Reduced Sensitivity mode
described in Section 3.6 “Reduced Sensitivity
Mode”. At the end of the 8 hours, the audible indication
will resume if the low battery condition still exists.
voltage to
DD
3.4Push-to-Test Operation (PTT)
If the TEST input pin is activated (VIH), the smoke
detection rate increases to once every 250 ms after
one internal clock cycle. In Push-to-Test, the photo
amplifier High Gain mode is selected, and background
reflections are used to simulate a smoke condition.
After the required three consecutive detections, the
device will go into a Local Alarm condition. When the
TEST input is driven low (V
Normal Gain is selected, after one clock cycle. The
detection rate continues at once every 250 ms until
three consecutive No Smoke conditions are detected.
At this point, the device returns to standby timing. In
addition, after the TEST input goes low, the device
enters the HUSH mode (see Section 3.6 “Reduced
Sensitivity Mode”).
), the photo amplifier
IL
2010 Microchip Technology Inc.DS22271A-page 13
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