(PLL) frequency synthesizer especially designed for
CT-1 cordless phone applications worldwide. This
frequency synthesizer is also for any products with
frequency operation at 60 MHz or below.
The device features fully programmable
receive, transmit, reference, and auxiliary reference
counters accessed through an MCU serial interface,
this feature allows this device to operate in any CT1 cordless phone application.
The device consists of two independent phase
detectors for transmit and receive loops. A common
reference oscillator, driving two independent
reference frequency counters, provides independent
reference frequencies for transmit and receive loops.
The auxiliary reference counter allows the
user to select an additional reference frequency for
receive and transmit loops if required.
PIN CONFIGURATION
ENB
MCUCLK
Vss
OSC
OSC
out
i
Tx PD
fin-T
TxPS/f
VDD
RxPS/f
RxPD
fin-R
OUT
Tx
Rx
o
FEATURES
• Operating Voltage Range: 2.5 to 5.5 V
• Operating Temperature Range:-40 to +75¡É
• Operating Power Consumption:3.0mA@2.5V
• Maximum Operating Frequency:
60MHz@200mV
• 3 or 4 Pins Used for serial MCU Interface
• Power Saving Mode Controlled by MCU
• Lock Detect Signal
• On-Chip Reference Oscillator Supports External
Crystals to 16.0 MHz
• Reference Frequency Counter Division Range: 16 to
4095
• Auxiliary Reference Frequency Counter Division
Range: 16 to 16,383
• Transmit Counter Division Range:16 to 65,535
• Receive Counter Division Range: 16 to 65,53
ENB
MCUCLK
OSC
OSC
Vss
out
i
, VDD=2.5V
p-p
Tx PD
fin-T
TxPS/f
VDD
RxPS/f
RxPD
fin-R
OUT
Tx
Rx
o
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (Voltages Referenced to v
)
ss
Symbol
Ranting Value Unit
VDD DC Supply Voltage -0.5 to +6.0 V
V
Iin , I
IDD , I
T
stg
in
Input Voltage, all Inputs -0.5 to V
DC Current Drain Per Pin 10 mA
out
DC Current Drain VDD or VSS Pins 30 mA
SS
+0.5 V
DD
Storage Temperature Range -65 to + 150
¡É
Page 2
2
BLOCK DIAGRAM
12-Bit Shift
14-Bit Shift
MCU Interface Programming
16-Bit Tx Programmable
16-Bit Rx Programmable
Rx
Rx
TRANSMIT
RECEIVE
OSC
in
8
OSC
out
7
MCUCLK
5
AD
in
2
1
CLK
D
in
ENB
TX
RX
3
4
13
11
TxPS/f
PxPS/f
÷ 3 / ÷ 4
12-Bit Programmable
Reference Counter
14-Bit Programmable
Auxiliary Reference
Counter
Register
Mode control Register
16-Bit Shift Register
Register
÷ 4
÷ 25
A
B
C
D
f
R1
f
R2
SELECT
Phase
Detector
GM6535
TxPD
out
15
LD
16
f in
14
-T
Counter
16-Bit Shift Register
SELECT
Phase
Detector
RxPD
10
out
f in
9
-R
Counter
VDD = PIN 12
VSS = PIN 6
Page 3
3
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Voltages Referenced to VSS, TA =25 ¡É)
V
V
V
V
V
V
I
OL
I
IL
Power Supply Voltage - 2.5 5.5
DD
Output Voltage 0 Level
OL
OH
IL
IH
OH
(I
= 0)
out
(V
or 0) 1 Level
in =VDD
Input Voltage 0 Level
(V
0.5 V or V
out
1 Level
Output Current (V
Input Current OSC
(Vin = 0)
ADin , CLK , Din , ENB
Characteristic V
– 0.5V)
DD
= 2.2V) Source
out
(V
= 5.0V)
out
(V
= 0.3V) Sink
out
(V
= 0.5V)
out
, f
in
in-T
, f
in-R
Symbol
(Vin = VDD –0.5)
IIH
I
OZ
C
in
C
out
IDD
(standby)
I
DD
OSC
ADin
Three-Stats Leakage Current (V
, CLK , Din , ENB
= 0 V or 5.5 V)
out
Input Capacitance - - 8.0 pF
Output Capacitance - - 8.0 pF
Standby Current
(All Counters are in Power-Down Mode with Oscillator On)
Operating Current (200mV
input at f
p-p
in-T
=60MHz, OSC = 10.24MHz)
, f
, f
in
in-T
in-R
= 60MHz, and f
in-R
Guaranteed Limit
DD
Min Max
2.5
5.5
2.5
5.5
2.5
5.5
2.5
5.5
2.5
5.5
2.5
5.5
2.5
5.5
2.5
5.5
2.5
5.5
2.5
5.5
5.5
2.5
5.5
2.5
5.5
-
-
2.45
5.45
-
-
1.75
3.85
-0.18
-0.55
0.18
0.55
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- ¡¾100 nA
-
-
-
-
GM6535
0.1
0.1
-
-
0.75
1.65
-
-
-
-
-
-
-30
-66
-1.0
-1.0
30
61
5.0
5.0
0.3
1.5
3.0
10
Unit
V
V
V
mA
¥ìA
¥ìA
mA
mA
Page 4
4
tTLH
tTHL
ANY
OUTPUT
in
f
in-T, f in-R
SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS (TA = 25
t
TLH
t
THL
tT, t
t
f
max
Output Rise Time
Output Fall Time
Input Rise and Fall Time, OSC
f
Input Pulse Width, CLK and ENB
W
Input frequency OSCin
(Input = Sine Wave @ ≥ 200mV
Characteristic Figure # V
Symbol
t
t
Setup Time Data to CLK
t
su
Hold Time, CLK to Data
t
h
Recovery Time, ENB to CLK
rec
Setup Time, ENB to CLK 4 2.5-5.5 80
sul
t
Hold Time, CLK to ENB 4 2.5-5.5 600 - ns
hl
in
p-p
¡É, CL = 50 pF)
f
ENB to CLK
in-T
f
in-R
1
1
2
3
5
5
5
DD
2.5
5.5 - -
2.5
5.5 - -
2.5
5.5 - -
2.5
5.5
2.5-5.5
2.5-5.5
2.5-5.5
2.5-5.5
5.5-5.5
2.5
5.5
2.5
5.5
GM6535
Min Max Unit
200
100
200
100
5.0
4.0
80
60
-
-
100
200
80
40
80
40
ns
ns
µs
ns
-
16
MHz
60
60
ns
-
ns
-
ns
-
- ns
SWITCHING WAVERORMS
90%
10%
CLK, OSC
90%
10%
t
r
ENB, CLK
50%
Figure 1.
Figure 2.
t
W
Figure 3.
t
f
V
DD
V
SS
V
DD
V
SS
Page 5
5
LAST
FIRST
AD in,
FIRST
LAST
PREVIOUS
CLK
CLK
t
hl
ENB
CLK
t
sul
Figure 4.ENB High During Serial Transfer
D in
CLK
50%
t
su
50%
t
su
CLK
t
h
CLK
t
rec
GM6535
V
DD
V
SS
V
DD
V
SS
V
DD
V
SS
V
DD
V
SS
ENB
50%
DATA LATCHED
V
DD
V
SS
Figure 5. ENB Low During Serial Transfer
Page 6
6
PIN DESCRIPTIONS
D C
B A
OSC
in
OSC
out f R1
f
R2
Figure 6. Reference Frequencies for Cordless Phone
OSCin/OSC
out
Reference Oscillator Input/Output (Pins8, 7)
These pins form a reference oscillator when
connected to an external parallel-resonant crystal
frequencies and reference frequencies for cordless
phone applications in various countries. OSCin may
also serve as input for an externally generated
reference signal which is typically ac coupled.
ADin, Din, CLK, ENB
Auxiliary Data In, Data In, Clock, Enable (Pins2, 3,
1, 4)
These four pins provide an MCU serial interface for
programming the reference counter, the transmitchannel counter, and the receive-channel counter. They
also provide various controls of the PLL including the
power saving mode and the programming format.
TxPS/fTx,RxPS/f
Rx
Transmit Power Save, Receive Power Save (Pins 13,
11)
For a normal application, these output pins provide
the status of the internal power saving mode operation.
If the transmit channels counter circuitry is in power
down mode, TxPS/fTx outputs a high state. If the
receive-channels counter circuitry is in power down
mode, RxPS/fRx is set high. These output can be
applied for controlling the external power switch for
the transmitter and the receiver to save MCU control
pins. In the Tx/Rx channel counter test mode, the
TxPS/fTx and RxPS/fRx pins output the divided value of
the transmit channel counter (fTx) and the receive
channel counter (fRx), respectively. This test mode
operation is controlled by the control register. Details
of the counter test mode are in the Tx/Rx Channel
Counter Test section of this data sheet.
÷ N (12 bits)
÷ M ( 14bits )
Crystal ¡ÀN Valuef
11.150 MHz 446 6.25 MHz 1.0 MHz
11.150 MHz 223 12.5 MHz
10.240 MHz 512 5.0 MHz
12.000 MHz 600 5.0 MHz
Applications of Various Countries
GM6535
f
Transmit/Receive Counter Inputs (Pins14, 9)
receive counters, respectively. These signals are
typically driven from the loop VCO and ac-coupled.
The minimum input signal level is 200mV
receive phase detectors for use as loop error signals
(see Figure7 for phase detector output waveforms).
Frequency fV > fR or fV leading: output=negative pulse.
Frequency fV < fR or fV lagging: output = positive pulse.
Frequency fV = fR and phase coincidence: output = high
impedance state.
phase detector input and fV is the divided-down VCO
frequency at the phase detector input.
LD Lock Detect (Pin16)
loop. The output at a high level indicates an out-oflock condition (see Figure 7 for the LD output
waveform).
VDD Positive Power Supply (Pin 12)
ranging from 2.5 to 5.5V with respect to VSS.
VSS Negative Power Supply (Pin 6)
usually connected to ground.
in-T/fin-R
f
in-T
and f
out
are inputs to the transmit and the
in-R
/RxPD
out
p-p
These are three-state outputs of the transmit and
fR is the divided-down reference frequency at the
The lock detect signal is associated with the transmit
VDD is the most positive power supply potential
VSS is the most negative supply potential and is
÷4
÷25
¡æ B f
R1
¡æ C
R2
@
Page 7
7
f R ,REFERENCE
REFERENCE COUNTER)
f v ,FEEDBACK
Tx COUNTER OR
Rx COUNTER)
TxPD
(OSC
÷
in
(F
÷
in - T
f
÷
in -_R
RxPD
OR
out
out
LD
V H = High voltage level
V L = Low voltage level
*At this point, when both fR and fv are in phase, the output is forced to near mid supply.
NOTE: The TxPD
When locked in phase and frequency, the output is high impedance and the voltage at that pin is determined
By the low-pass filter capacitor
and PxPDout generates error pulses during out-of-lock conditions.
The MCU programming scheme is defined in
two formats controlled by the ENB input. If the
enable signal is high during the serial data transfer,
control register/reference frequency programming is
selected. If the ENB is low, programming of the
transmit and receive counters is selected. During
programming of the transmit and receive counters,
both AD in and D in pins can input the data to the
transmit and receive counters. Both counters data is
clocked into the PLL internal shift register at the
leading edge of the CLK signal. It is not necessary
to reprogram the reference frequency
counter/control register when using the enable
signal to program the transmit/receive channels.
In programming the control register/reference
frequency scheme, the most significant bit (MSB) of
the programming word identifies whether the input
data is the control word. If the MSB is 1, the input
data is the control word (Figure 8). Also see figure
NO TAG and Table 1 for control register and bit
function. If the MSB is 0, the input data is the
reference frequency (Figure 9).
The reference frequency data word is 32-bit word
containing the 12-bit reference frequency data, the
14-bit auxiliary reference frequency counter
information, the reference frequency selection plus,
the auxiliary reference frequency counter enable
bit(Figure 9).
If the AUX REF ENB bit is high, the 14-bit
auxiliary reference frequency counter provides an
additional phase reference frequency output for the
loops. If AUX REF ENB bit is low, the auxiliary
reference frequency counter is forced into powerdown modes for current saving. (other power down
modes are also provided through the control register
per Table 2 and Figure 8). At the falling edge of the
ENB signal, the data is stored in the registers.
There are two interfacing schemes for the
universal channel mode: the three-pin and four-pin
interfacing schemes. The three-pin interfacing
scheme is suited for use with the MCU SPI (serial
peripheral interface) (Figure 10), while the four-pin
interfacing scheme is commonly used for general
I/O port connection (Figure 11).
For the three-pin interfacing scheme, the
auxiliary data select bit is set to 0. All 32 bits of data,
which define both the 16-bit transmit counter and
the 16-bit receive counter, latch into the PLL
internal register though the data in pins at the
leading edge of CLK. See Figure 12 and 13.
For the four-pin interfacing scheme, the auxiliary
data select bit is set to 1. In this scheme, the 16-bit
transmit counter’s data enters into the ADin pin at
the same time as the 16-bit receive. This
simultaneous entry of the transmit and receive
counters causes the programming period of the fourpin scheme to be half that of the three-pin scheme
(see Figures 14 and 15).
While programming Tx/Rx Channel Counter,
the ENB pin must be pulsed to provide falling edge
to latch the shifted data after the rising edge of the
last clock. Maximum data transfer rate is 500 kbps.
V
H
V
L
V
H
V
L
V
H
HIGH IMPEDANCE
GM6535
Page 8
8
TxPD
RxPD
Ref PD
AUX
TEST
REF
GM6535
COMTROL REGISTER IDENTIFIER = 1
D
in
1
MSB
0
COMTROL REGISTER DATA
OUT
Data
BIT
Select
÷3/÷ 4
Enable
Enable
Enable
LSB
CLK
ENB
NOTE: ENB must be high during the serial transfer.
Figure 8. Programming Format of the control Register
Table 1. Control Register Function Bits Description
Test Bit
Aux Data
Select
REF
out
TxPD Enable
RxPD Enable
Ref PD
Set to 1 for Tx/Rx channel counter test mode
Set to 0 for normal application
Set to 1 for both ADin and Din pins inputting the transmit 16-bits data and receive 16-bits data respectively
Set to 0 for normal application interfacing with MCU serial peripheral interface.
Does not use AD in pin; tie AD in to VSS.
If set to 1, REFout output frequency is equal to OSC
÷3/÷ 4
If set to 0, REFout output is OSC
out
÷ 4.
out
÷ 3.
If set to 1, the transmit counter, transmit phase detector, and the associated circuitry is in power-down
mode. TxPS/fTx is set “High”.
If set to 1, the receive counter, receive phase detector, and the associated circuitry is in power-down mode.
RxPS/fTx is set “High”.
If set to 1, both 12-bit and 14-bit reference frequency counters are in power-down mode
Enable
Table 2. Control Register Power Down Bits Function
TxPD
Enable
RxPD
Enable
REF PD
Enable
Tx-Channel Counter Rx-channel Counter
0 0 0 - - 0 0 1 - - Power Down
0 1 0 - Power Down 0 1 1 - Power Down Power Down
1 0 0 Power Down - 1 0 1 Power Down - Power Down
1 1 0 Power Down Power Down 1 1 1 Power Down Power Down Power Down
Reference
Frequency Counter
Page 9
9
Aux Reference
Reference
Reference Frequency
fR1
Rx-0
AUX
fR1
Reference
Tx-0
12-BITS REF FREQ
14-BITS AUX REF FREQ
Reference Frequency
Counter Identifier = 0
Universal PLL
MCU Using
Universal PLL
MCU Using
TxPD
RxPD
Ref PD
AUX
TEST
Control Register
REF
Frequency
Select
D
in
0
REF
ENABLE
SELECT
CLK
ENB
NOTE: ENB must be high during the serial transfer.
Figure 9. Programming Format of Auxiliary/reference Frequency Counter
Serial Peripheral
Interface Port
Figure 10. MCU Interface Using SPI
Normal I/O Port
Figure 11. MCU Interface Using Normal I/O Ports with Both Din
And A Din for Faster Programming Time
Identifier = 1
D
in
AUX DATA SELECT = 0
MSB
1
0
SELECT
BIT
Counter Divide Ratio
DATA
D
in
CLK
ENB
ADin
D
in
CLK
ENB
Control Register Data
OUT
Data
÷3/÷ 4
Select
S1
Aux Data Bit = 0
Aux Data Bit = 1
Enable
Frequency
Select
Enable
S2
Enable
Frequency Counter
Divide Ratio
DATA
LSB
GM6535
CLK
ENB
NOTE: ENB must be high during the serial transfer.
Figure 12. Programming Format for control Register (3-Pin Interfacing Scheme)
Page 10
10
16-BIT Tx COUNTER
16-BIT Rx COUNTER
Last
TxPD
RxPD
Ref PD
AUX
TEST
Control Register
REF
mat for control Register
(4-Pin Interfacing Scheme)
16-BIT Tx COUNTER
16-BIT Rx COUNTER
Last
Figure 15. Programming Format for Transmit and Receive Counters
(4-Pin Interfacing Scheme)
GM6535
D
in
DIVIDE RATIO
CLK
ENB
NOTE: ENB must be low during the serial transfer.
Figure 13. Programming Format for Transmit and Receive Counters
(3-Pin Interfacing Scheme)
DIVIDE RATIO
Clock
Identifier = 1
MSB
1
0
D
in
AUX DATA SELECT = 1
CLK
ENB
NOTE: ENB must be high during the serial transfer.
Figure 14. Programming For
AD
in
D
in
CLK
Control Register Data
BIT
Select
DIVIDE RATIO
DIVIDE RATIO
Data
OUT
÷3/÷ 4
Enable
Clock
Enable
Enable
LSB
ENB
NOTE: ENB must be low during the serial transfer.
Page 11
11
Table 3. Global CT-1 Reference frequency Setting vs Channel Frequencies
Country Channel Frequency f
U.S.A 46/49MHz(10,15,25 Channels)
France 26/41 MHz
Figure 16 shows the bit function of the reference
frequency programming word. The user can either
select the fixed reference frequency for all channels
accordingly or provide a specific reference
frequency for a particular channel by using two
reference frequency counters (e.g., for an
application in France, the base set transmit channel
common fixed reference frequency is 6.25 KHz or
12.5 KHz). (See Table 3 Figure 6 for reference
frequencies for various countries.)
However, transmit channels 6, 8, and 14 can be
set to 25 KHz, and channel 8 reference frequency
can be set to 50 KHz. But this reference frequency
may not be applied to the receiving side; therefore,
the receiving side reference frequency must be
generated by another reference frequency counter.
The higher the reference frequency, the better the
phase noise performance and faster the lock time,
but the PLL consumes more current if both
reference frequency counters are in operation. In
general, the 12-bit reference frequency counter plus
frequencies for global CT-1 transmit and receive
channel requirements. Users can select their own
reference frequency by introducing the additional
14-bit auxiliary reference frequency counter.
Again, the 14-bit auxiliary reference frequency
counter can be shut down by the auxiliary reference
enable bit in the reference counter programming
word by setting the bit to 0. At this state, the fR2 is
automatically connected to point C (the ÷ 25 block
output), and fR1 cha be connected to point A or B by
setting the fR1-S1 and fR1-S2 bits in the reference
counter program word. The 14-bit auxiliary
reference frequency counter data will be in Don’t
Care state.
If the 14-bit auxiliary reference frequency counter
is enabled (auxiliary reference enable = 1), the fR2 is
automatically connected to point D (14-bit counter
output), and fR1 can be selected to connect to point
A,B, or C, depending on the bit setting of fR1-S1 and
fR1-S2.
Table 4 and Figure 16 describe the functions of
the auxiliary reference enable bit and the fR1-S1 and
fR1-S2 bits selection.
the ÷ 4 and ÷ 25 module can offer all the reference
Table 4. Bit Function and the Reference Frequency Selection Bit Setting of the
Reference Frequency Counter Programming Word
N/A Not Applicable
AUX REF
Enable
0
Auxiliary Reference Frequency
Counter Mode
14-Bit Auxiliary Reference Frequency
Counter Disable
Module
Select
fR2→ C
f
S1
R1
0
0
1
1
1
14-Bit Auxiliary Reference Frequency
Counter Disable
fR2→ D
0
0
1
1
f
S2
f
R1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
GM6535
R2
-
fR1
Routin
g
N/A
fR1→ A
fR1→ B
N/A
N/A
fR1→ A
fR1→ B
fR1→ C
Page 12
12
Rx-0
Tx-0
12-Bits Programmable
14-Bits Programmable
Tx
Rx
Reffrequency
Auxiliary Reference
Reference
Reference
fR1
Rx-0
AUX
fR1
Reference
Tx-0
12-BITS REF FREQ
14-BITS AUX REF FREQ
0 1 0
GM6535
D
in
OSC
in
OSC
out
Maximum
Crystal Frequency
16.0 MHZ
Counter
Identifier = 0
REF
0
Enable
Frequency
Select
Select
Reference Counter
Auxiliary Reference
Counter
Select
Frequency
Counter
DATA
÷4
÷25
Frequency
Select
S1
S2
f
R1
f
R2
DATA
Phase
Detector
Phase
Detector
TxPD
LD
RxPD
out
out
1
SELECT
SELECT
Frequency Counter
CLK
ENB
NOTE: ENB must be high during the serial transfer.
Figure 16. Reference Frequency Counter/selection Programming Mode
Page 13
13
POWER SAVING OPERATION
To control
POWER SWITCH
TX
AMP
Tx Power-Down
Rx Power-Down
GM6535
This PLL has a programmable power-saving
scheme. The transmit counter, receive counter and
the reference frequency counter can be powered
down individually by setting the TxPD enable,
RxPD enable and Ref PD enable bits of the control
register. The functions of the power down control
bits are explained in Table 2 and the programming
format is in Figure 8.
The output pins TxPS/fTx and RxPS/fRx output the
Power Supply
UNIVERSAL DUAL PLL
FOR TRANSMITTER
TxPS/f
Tx
Power
status of the internal power saving setting. If the bit
TxPD enable is set high (transmit counter is set to
power-down mode), then the TxPS/fTx pin will also
output a high state. This TxPS/fTx output can control
an external power switch to switch off the
transmitter, as shown in Figure 17. This scheme
can be applied to the RxPS/fRx output to control the
receiver power saving operation as required.
V
DD
Q
Enable Flag
Tx Divider chain Counter, Phase Detector
V
DD
RxPS/f
The Receiver
Power Switch
Rx
Rx Divider chain Counter, Phase Detector
Q
Enable Flag
Figure 17. TxPS/fTx and RxPS/fRx Outputs to Control Power Switches
of the Transmitter and Receiver
Page 14
14
TX/RX CHANNEL COUNTER TEST
CONTROL REGISTER
16-BIT Tx PROGAMMABLE
TxPD
RxPD
Ref PD
AUX
TEST
REF
16-BIT Rx PROGRAMMABLE
IF TEST BIT TO 1, THE f
GM6535
In normal applications, the TxPS/fTx and the
RxPS/fRx output pins indicate the power saving
mode status. However, the user can examine the Tx
and Rx channel counter outputs by setting the Test
bit in the control register to 1. The final value of
the transmit-channel counter and the receive-
f
in-T
TxPS/f
Tx
AND f Rx ARE MIXED OUT AT PINS
TxPS/f
AND RxPS/f
Tx
RESPECTIVEY, FOR Rx/Tx
CHANNEL COUNTER TEST.
Tx
D
in
IDENTIFIER = 1
1
Rx
channel counter multiplex out to TxPS/fTx and
RxPS/fRx respectively. The user can verify the
divided-down output waveform associated with the
RF input level in the PLL circuitry implementation
(Figure 18).