Danfoss VLT Micro Drive FC 51 Design Manual

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Design Guide

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51

Contents

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Contents

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

1 How to Read this Design Guide

1.1.1 Legal Information 5

1.1.2 Available Literature 6

1.1.3 Symbols 6

1.1.4 Abbreviations 6

1.1.5 Definitions 7

2 Safety and Conformity

2.1 Safety

2.1.2 Safety 10

2.2 CE Labeling

2.3 Aggressive Environments

2.4 Vibration and Shock

3 Introduction to VLT® Micro Drive

3.1 Control Structures

3.2 General Aspects of EMC

3.3 Galvanic Isolation (PELV)

5

10
10

11
12
13

18
18
21
23

3.4 Earth Leakage Current

3.5 Extreme Running Conditions

4 VLT® Micro Drive Selection

4.1 Options and Accessories

4.1.1 Local Control Panel (LCP) 26

4.1.2 FC 51 Mounting Instruction 27

4.1.3 FC 51 Remote Mounting Kit Mounting Instruction 28

4.1.4 IP21/TYPE 1 Enclosure Kit 30

4.1.5 Type 1 (NEMA) 30

4.1.6 De-Coupling 30

4.1.7 FC 51 Type 1 Kit Mounting Instruction for M1, M2 and M3 31

4.1.8 FC 51 Type 1 Kit Mounting Instruction for M4 and M5 32

4.1.9 FC 51 IP21 Kit Mounting Instruction 33

4.1.10 FC 51 De-coupling Plate Mounting Instruction for M1 and M2 35

4.1.11 FC 51 De-coupling Plate Mounting Instruction for M3 36

4.1.12 FC 51 De-coupling Plate Mounting Instruction for M4 and M5 37

4.1.13 FC 51 DIN Rail Kit Mounting Instruction 38

24
24

26
26

4.1.14 Line Filter MCC 107 Installation Instructions 38

4.1.15 Mounting 39

4.1.16 Wiring 39

4.1.17 Dimensions 40

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1

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4.2 Special Conditions

4.2.1 Purpose of Derating 41

4.2.2 Derating for Ambient Temperature 41

4.2.3 Derating for Low Air Pressure 42

4.2.5 Derating for Running at Low Speed 42

5 How to Order

5.1 Drive Configurator

5.2.1 FC Identification 43

5.3.1 Type Code 44

5.4.1 Ordering Numbers 45

5.5.1 Options for VLT Micro Drive 45

6 How to Install

6.1 Before Starting

6.2 Side-by-Side Installation

6.3 Before Commencing Repair Work

6.4 Mechanical Dimensions

41

43
43

47
47
47
47
48

6.5 Electrical Installation in General

6.6 Fuses

6.7 Mains Connection

6.8 Motor Connection

6.9.1 Use of EMC-Correct Cables 54

6.12 Electrical Overview

6.12.1 Power Circuit - Overview 56

6.13 Electrical Installation and Control Cables

6.14 Control Terminals

6.14.2 Connecting to Control Terminals 58

6.15 Switches

6.16 Final Set-Up and Test

6.17 Parallel Connection of Motors

6.18 Motor Installation

6.19 Installation of Misc. Connections

6.20 Safety

6.20.1 High Voltage Test 62

49
50
51
51

56

57
57

58
58
60
61
61
62

6.20.2 Safety Earth Connection 62

7 Programming

7.1 How to Programme

7.1.1 Programming with MCT 10 Set-up Software 63

7.1.2 Programming with the LCP 11 or LCP 12 63

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63
63

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7.2 Status Menu

7.3 Quick Menu

7.4 Quick Menu Parameters

7.5 Main Menu

7.6 Quick Transfer of Parameter Settings between Multiple Frequency Converters

7.7 Read-out and Programming of Indexed Parameters

7.8 Initialise the Frequency Converter to Default Settings in two Ways

7.8.1 Initialise the Frequency Converter to Default Settings in two Ways 69

8 RS-485 Installation and Set-up

8.1.1 Overview 70

8.1.4 EMC Precautions 71

8.2 FC Protocol Overview

8.3 Network Configuration

8.4 FC Protocol Message Framing Structure

8.4.1 Content of a Character (byte) 72

8.4.2 Telegram Structure 72

8.4.3 Telegram Length (LGE) 72

64
64
65
68
68
68
69

70

71
72
72

8.4.6 The Data Field 73

8.4.13 Process Words (PCD) 75

8.5 Examples

8.6 Modbus RTU Overview

8.6.1 Assumptions 76

8.6.2 What the User Should Already Know 76

8.6.3 Modbus RTU Overview 76

8.6.4 Frequency Converter with Modbus RTU 77

8.8 Modbus RTU Message Framing Structure

8.8.1 Frequency Converter with Modbus RTU 77

8.8.2 Modbus RTU Message Structure 77

8.8.3 Start/Stop Field 78

8.8.4 Address Field 78

8.8.5 Function Field 78

8.8.6 Data Field 78

8.8.7 CRC Check Field 78

8.8.9 How to Control the Frequency Converter 80

75
76

77

8.8.10 Function Codes Supported by Modbus RTU 80

8.8.11 Modbus Exception Codes 80

8.9 How to Access Parameters

8.9.1 Parameter Handling 81

8.9.2 Storage of Data 81

8.9.3 IND 81

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81

3

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8.9.4 Text Blocks 81

8.9.5 Conversion Factor 81

8.9.6 Parameter Values 81

8.10 Examples

8.10.2 Force/Write Single Coil (05 HEX) 82

8.10.3 Force/Write Multiple Coils (0F HEX) 82

8.10.5 Preset Single Register (06 HEX) 83

8.11 FC Drive Control Profile

8.11.1 Control Word According to FC Profile (8-10 Protocol = FC profile) 84

9 Specifications

Index

81

84

89

94

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

1 How to Read this Design Guide

VLT®

Software version: 2.7X

Table 1.1

This guide can be used with all

VLT® Micro Drive frequency

converters with software version

The actual software version

Micro Drive

FC 51 Series

2.7X.

1.1.1 Legal Information

This publication contains information proprietary to
Danfoss.
agrees that the information contained herein is used solely
for operating equipment from Danfoss or equipment from
other vendors if such equipment is intended for communi­cation with Danfoss equipment over a serial
communication link. This publication is protected under
the Copyright laws of Denmark and most other countries.

Danfoss does not warrant that a software program
produced according to the guidelines provided in this
manual functions properly in every physical, hardware or
software environment.

Although Danfoss has tested and reviewed the documen­tation within this manual, Danfoss makes no warranty or
representation, neither expressed nor implied, with respect
to this documentation, including its quality, performance,
or fitness for a particular purpose.

By accepting and using this manual the user

1 1

number can be read from

15-43 Software Version.

Table 1.2

In no event shall Danfoss be liable for direct, indirect,
special, incidental, or consequential damages arising out of
the use, or the inability to use information contained in
this manual, even if advised of the possibility of such
damages. In particular, Danfoss is not responsible for any
costs, including but not limited to those incurred as a
result of lost profits or revenue, loss or damage of
equipment, loss of computer programs, loss of data, the
costs to substitute these, or any claims by third parties.

Danfoss reserves the right to revise this publication at any
time and to make changes to its contents without prior
notice or any obligation to notify former or present users
of such revisions or changes.

MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

5

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

11

1.1.2 Available Literature

NOTE

This design guide contains the basic information necessary
for installing and running the frequency converter.

Danfoss technical literature is available in print from local
Danfoss Sales Offices or online at: Danfoss

website /

BusinessAreas/DrivesSolutions/Documentations

-

VLT Micro Drive FC 51 Quick Guide, MG02B

-

VLT Micro Drive FC 51 Programming Guide, MG02C

-

FC 51 LCP Mounting Instruction, MI02A

-

FC 51 De-coupling Plate Mounting Instruction,
MI02B

-

FC 51 Remote Mounting Kit Mounting Instruction,
MI02C

-

FC 51 DIN Rail Kit Mounting Instruction, MI02D

-

FC 51 IP21 Kit Mounting Instruction, MI02E

-

FC 51 Nema1 Kit Mounting Instruction, MI02F

-

FC 51 Line Filter MCC 107 Installation Instruction,
MI02U

1.1.3 Symbols

The following symbols are used in this manual.

WARNING

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not
avoided, could result in death or serious injury.

CAUTION

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not
avoided, may result in minor or moderate injury. It may
also be used to alert against unsafe practices.

CAUTION

Indicates a situation
property-damage-only accidents.

that may result in equipment or

1.1.4 Abbreviations

Alternating current AC
American wire gauge AWG
Ampere/AMP A
Automatic Motor Tuning AMT
Current limit I
Degrees Celsius

current DC

Direct
Electro Magnetic Compatibility EMC
Electronic Thermal Relay ETR
Frequency Converter FC
Gram g
Hertz Hz
Kilohertz kHz
Local Control Panel
Meter m
Millihenry Inductance mH
Milliampere mA
Millisecond ms
Minute min
Motion Control Tool MCT
Nanofarad nF
Newton Meters Nm
Nominal motor current I
Nominal motor frequency f
Nominal motor power P
Nominal motor voltage U
Protective Extra Low Voltage PELV
Printed Circuit Board PCB
Rated Inverter Output Current I
Revolutions Per Minute RPM
Regenerative terminals Regen
Second s
Synchronous Motor Speed n
Torque limit T
Volts V
The maximum output current I
The rated output current supplied by the
frequency

Table 1.3

converter

LIM

°

C

M,N

M,N

M,N

M,N

INV

s

LIM

VLT,MAX

I

VLT,N

NOTE

Indicates highlighted information that should be regarded
with attention to avoid mistakes or operate equipment at
less than optimal performance.

6 MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

175ZA078.10

Pull-out

rpm

Torque

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

1.1.5 Definitions

I

VLT,MAX

The maximum output current.

I

VLT,N

The rated output current supplied by the frequency
converter.

U

VLT, MAX

The maximum output voltage.

Input

Control command
The connected motor can
be started and stopped with
LCP and the digital inputs.
Functions are divided into 2
groups.
Functions in group 1 have
higher priority than
functions in group 2.

Group1Reset, Coasting stop,

Reset and Coasting stop,
Quick-stop, DC braking,
Stop and the [Off] key.

Group2Start, Pulse start,

Reversing, Start reversing,
Jog and Freeze output

P

M,N

The rated motor power (nameplate data).

U

M

The instantaneous motor voltage.

U

M,N

The rated motor voltage (nameplate data).

Break-away torque

1 1

Table 1.4

Motor

f

JOG

The motor frequency when the jog function is activated
(via digital terminals).

f

M

The motor frequency.

f

MAX

The maximum motor frequency.

f

MIN

The minimum motor frequency.

f

M,N

The rated motor frequency (nameplate data).

I

M

The motor current.

I

M,N

The rated motor current (nameplate data).

n

M,N

The rated motor speed (nameplate data).

Illustration 1.1

η

VLT

The efficiency of the is defined as the ratio between the
power output and the power input.

Start-disable command
A stop command belonging to the group 1 control
commands - see this group.

Stop command
See Control commands.

References

Analog Reference
A signal transmitted to the analog inputs 53 or 54, can be
voltage or current.

Bus Reference
A signal transmitted to the serial communication port (FC
port).

Preset Reference
A defined preset reference to be set from -100% to +100%
of the reference range. Selection of eight preset references
via the digital terminals.

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11

Ref

MAX

Determines the relationship between the reference input
at 100% full scale value (typically 10 V, 20 mA) and the
resulting reference. The maximum reference value set in
3-03 Maximum Reference.

Ref

MIN

Determines the relationship between the reference input
at 0% value (typically 0 V, 0 mA, 4 mA) and the resulting
reference. The minimum reference value set in

3-02 Minimum Reference

Miscellaneous
Analog Inputs
The analog inputs are used for controlling various
functions of the frequency converter.
There are two types of analog inputs:
Current input, 0-20 mA and 4-20 mA
Voltage input, 0-10 V DC.

Analog Outputs
The analog outputs can supply a signal of 0-20 mA, 4-20
mA, or a digital signal.

Automatic Motor Tuning, AMT
AMT algorithm determines the electrical parameters for the
connected motor at standstill.

Brake Resistor
The brake resistor is a module capable of absorbing the
brake power generated in regenerative braking. This
regenerative braking power increases the intermediate
circuit voltage and a brake chopper ensures that the
power is transmitted to the brake resistor.

CT Characteristics
Constant torque characteristics used for all applications
such as conveyor belts, displacement pumps and cranes.

Digital Inputs
The digital inputs can be used for controlling various
functions of the frequency converter.

Relay Outputs
The features two programmable Relay Outputs.

ETR
Electronic Thermal Relay is a thermal load calculation
based on present load and time. Its purpose is to estimate
the motor temperature.

Initialising
If initialising is carried out (14-22 Operation Mode
programmable parameters of the frequency converter
return to their default settings.
Initialising; 14-22 Operation Mode will not initialise
communication parameters.

Intermittent Duty Cycle
An intermittent duty rating refers to a sequence of duty
cycles. Each cycle consists of an on-load and an off-load
period. The operation can be either periodic duty or none­periodic duty.

), the

LCP
The Local Control Panel (LCP) makes up a complete
interface for control and programming of the frequency
converter. The control panel is detachable and can be
installed up to 3 m from the frequency converter, that is,
in a front panel with the installation kit option.

lsb
Least significant bit.

MCM
Short for Mille Circular Mil, an American measuring unit for
cable cross-section. 1 MCM ≡ 0.5067 mm2.

msb
Most significant bit.

On-line/Off-line Parameters
Changes to on-line parameters are activated immediately
after the data value is changed. Changes to off-line
parameters are not activated until you enter [OK] on the
LCP.

PI Controller
The PI controller maintains the desired speed, pressure,
temperature, etc. by adjusting the output frequency to
match the varying load.

RCD
Residual Current Device.

Set-up
You can save parameter settings in 2 Set-ups. Change
between the 2 parameter Set-ups and edit one Set-up,
while another Set-up is active.

Slip Compensation
The frequency converter compensates for the motor slip
by giving the frequency a supplement that follows the
measured motor load keeping the motor speed almost
constant.

Smart Logic Control (SLC)
The SLC is a sequence of user-defined actions executed
when the associated user-defined events are evaluated as
true by the SLC.

Thermistor
A temperature-dependent resistor placed where the
temperature is to be monitored (frequency converter or
motor).

STW
Status Word.

FC Standard Bus
Includes RS 485 bus with FC protocol. See 8-30 Protocol.

Trip
A state entered in fault situations, e.g. if the frequency
converter is subject to an over-temperature or when the
frequency converter is protecting the motor, process or
mechanism. Restart is prevented until the cause of the
fault has disappeared and the trip state is canceled by
activating reset or, in some cases, by being programmed

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to reset automatically. Trip may not be used for personal
safety.

Trip Locked
A state entered in fault situations when the frequency
converter is protecting itself and requiring physical
intervention, for example, if the frequency converter is
subject to a short circuit on the output. A locked trip can
only be canceled by cutting off mains, removing the cause
of the fault, and reconnecting the frequency converter.
Restart is prevented until the trip state is canceled by
activating reset or, in some cases, by being programmed
to reset automatically. Trip locked may not be used for
personal safety.

VT Characteristics
Variable torque characteristics used for pumps and fans.

plus

VVC
If compared with standard voltage/frequency ratio control,
Voltage Vector Control (VVC

plus

) improves the dynamics
and the stability, both when the speed reference is
changed and in relation to the load torque.

1.1.6 Power Factor

1 1

The power factor is the relation between I1

U

×

Power factor

3 ×

=

3 ×

I

1 ×

COS

I

RMS

ϕ

U

×

and I

RMS

.

The power factor for 3-phase control:

I

×

cos

ϕ1

1

=

I

RMS

I

1

=

since cos

I

RMS

ϕ1 = 1

The power factor indicates to which extent the frequency
converter imposes a load on the mains supply.
The lower the power factor, the higher the I

RMS

for the

same kW performance.

2

2

I

RMS

=

I

+

1

2

I

+

I

+ . . +

5

7

2

I

n

In addition, a high-power factor indicates that the different
harmonic currents are low.

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2 Safety and Conformity

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

22

Installation at high altitudes

2.1 Safety

2.1.1 Safety Note

WARNING

DANGEROUS VOLTAGE

The voltage of the frequency converter is dangerous
whenever connected to mains. Incorrect installation of the
motor, frequency converter or fieldbus may cause death,
serious personal injury or damage to the equipment.
Consequently, the instructions in this manual, as well as
national and local rules and safety regulations, must be
complied with.

Safety Regulations

1. The frequency converter must be disconnected
from mains if repair work is to be carried out.
Check that the mains supply has been discon­nected and that the necessary time has passed
before removing motor and mains plugs.

2. The [Off/Reset] key on the LCP does not
disconnect the equipment from mains and is thus
not to be used as a safety switch.

3. Correct protective earthing of the equipment
must be established, the user must be protected
against supply voltage, and the motor must be
protected against overload in accordance with
applicable national and local regulations.

4. The earth leakage currents are higher than 3.5
mA.

5. Protection against motor overload is set by

1-90 Motor Thermal Protection

set 1-90 Motor Thermal Protection to data

desired,
value [ETR trip] (default value) or data value [ETR
warning]. Note: The function is initialized at 1.16
x rated motor current and rated motor frequency.
For the North American market: The ETR
functions provide class 20 motor overload
protection in accordance with NEC.

6. Do not remove the plugs for the motor and
mains supply while the frequency converter is
connected to mains. Check that the mains supply
has been disconnected and that the necessary
time has passed before removing motor and
mains plugs.

7. Check that all voltage inputs have been discon­nected and that the necessary time has passed
before commencing repair work.

. If this function is

CAUTION

At altitudes above 2 km, contact Danfoss regarding PELV.

WARNING

UNINTENDED START

1. The motor can be brought to a stop with digital
commands, bus commands, references or a local
stop, while the frequency converter is connected
to mains. If personal safety considerations make it
necessary to ensure that no unintended start
occurs, these stop functions are not sufficient.

2. While parameters are being changed, the motor
may start. Consequently, the stop key [Off/Reset]
must always be activated; following which data
can be modified.

3. A motor that has been stopped may start if faults
occur in the electronics of the frequency
converter, or if a temporary overload or a fault in
the supply mains or the motor connection ceases.

2.1.2 Safety

WARNING

HIGH VOLTAGE!

Frequency converters contain high voltage when
connected to AC mains input power. Installation, start up,
and maintenance should be performed by qualified
personnel only. Failure to perform installation, start up, and
maintenance by qualified personnel could result in death
or serious injury.

High Voltage
Frequency converters are connected to hazardous mains
voltages. Extreme care should be taken to protect against
shock. Only trained personnel familiar with electronic
equipment should install, start, or maintain this equipment.

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WARNING

UNINTENDED START!

When the frequency converter is connected to AC mains,
the motor may start at any time. The frequency converter,
motor, and any driven equipment must be in operational
readiness. Failure to be in operational readiness when the
frequency converter is connected to AC mains could result
in death, serious injury, equipment, or property damage.

Unintended Start
When the frequency converter is connected to the AC
mains, the motor may be started by means of an external
switch, a serial bus command, an input reference signal, or
a cleared fault condition. Use appropriate cautions to
guard against an unintended start.

WARNING

DISCHARGE TIME!

Frequency converters contain DC-link capacitors that can
remain charged even when the frequency converter is not
powered. To avoid electrical hazards, disconnect AC mains,
any permanent magnet type motors, and any remote DC­link power supplies, including battery backups, UPS and
DC-link connections to other frequency converters. Wait for
the capacitors to fully discharge before performing any
service or repair work. The amount of wait time is listed in
the Discharge Time table. Failure to wait the specified time
after power has been removed before doing service or
repair could result in death or serious injury.

Size Minimum waiting time [min]

M1, M2 and M3 4

M4 and M5 15

Table 2.1 Discharge Time

2.1.3 Disposal Instruction

product complies with the relevant EU directives. The CE
label says nothing about the specifications or quality of
the product. Frequency converters are regulated by three
EU directives:
The machinery directive (98/37/EEC)
All machines with critical moving parts are covered by the
machinery directive of January 1, 1995. Since a frequency
converter is largely electrical, it does not fall under the
machinery directive. However, if a frequency converter is
supplied for use in a machine, Danfoss provides
information on safety aspects relating to the frequency
converter. Danfoss do this by means of a manufacturer's
declaration.
The low-voltage directive (73/23/EEC)
Frequency converters must be CE labeled in accordance
with the low-voltage directive of January 1, 1997. The
directive applies to all electrical equipment and appliances
used in the 50-1000 V AC and the 75-1500 V DC voltage
ranges. Danfoss CE-labels in accordance with the directive
and issues a declaration of conformity upon request.
The EMC directive (89/336/EEC)
EMC is short for electromagnetic compatibility. The
presence of electromagnetic compatibility means that the
mutual interference between different components/
appliances does not affect the way the appliances work.
The EMC directive came into effect January 1, 1996.
Danfoss CE-labels in accordance with the directive and
issues a declaration of conformity upon request. To carry
out EMC-correct installation, see the instructions in this
Design Guide. In addition, Danfossspecifies which
standards our products comply with. Danfossoffers the
filters presented in the specifications and provide other
types of assistance to ensure the optimum EMC result.

The frequency converter is most often used by profes­sionals of the trade as a complex component forming part
of a larger appliance, system or installation. It must be
noted that the responsibility for the final EMC properties of
the appliance, system or installation rests with the installer.

2 2

Equipment containing electrical
components may not be disposed of
together with domestic waste.
It must be separately collected with
electrical and electronic waste according
to local and currently valid legislation.

Table 2.2

2.2 CE Labeling

2.2.1 CE Conformity and Labeling

What is CE Conformity and Labeling?
The purpose of CE labeling is to avoid technical trade
obstacles within EFTA and the EU. The EU has introduced
the CE label as a simple way of showing whether a

MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

2.2.2 What is Covered

The EU "
89/336/EEC" outline three typical situations of using a
frequency

and CE Labeling for EMC coverage and CE labeling.

Guidelines on the

converter. See 2.2.3 Danfoss Frequency Converter

1. The frequency converter is sold directly to the
end-consumer. The frequency converter is for
example sold to a DIY market. The end-consumer
is a layman. He installs the frequency converter
himself for use with a hobby machine, a kitchen
appliance, etc. For such applications, the

Application of Council Directive

11

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frequency converter must be CE labeled in
accordance with the EMC directive.

22

2. The frequency converter is sold for installation in
a plant. The plant is built up by professionals of
the trade. It could be a production plant or a
heating/ventilation plant designed and installed
by professionals of the trade. Neither the
frequency converter nor the finished plant has to
be CE labeled under the EMC directive. However,
the unit must comply with the basic EMC
requirements of the directive. This is ensured by
using components, appliances, and systems that
are CE labeled under the EMC directive.

3. The frequency converter is sold as part of a
complete system. The system is being marketed
as complete and could for example, be an air­conditioning system. The complete system must
be CE labeled in accordance with the EMC
directive. The manufacturer can ensure CE
labeling under the EMC directive either by using
CE labeled components or by testing the EMC of
the system. If only CE labeled components are
chosen, the entire system does not have to be
tested.

Danfoss specifies which our different products comply
with.

Danfoss
obtain the best EMC result.

provides other types of assistance that can help to

2.2.4 Compliance with EMC Directive
89/336/EEC

As mentioned, the frequency converter is mostly used by
professionals
forming part of a larger appliance, system, or installation. It
must be noted that the responsibility for the final EMC
properties of the appliance, system or installation rests
with the installer. As an aid to the installer, Danfoss has
prepared EMC installation guidelines for the Power Drive
system. The standards and test levels stated for Power
Drive systems are complied with, if the EMC-correct
instructions for installation are followed.

The frequency converter has been designed to meet the
IEC/EN 60068-2-3 standard, EN 50178 9.4.2.2 at 50 °C.

2.3

of the trade as a complex component

Aggressive Environments

2.2.3 Danfoss Frequency Converter and CE
Labeling

CE labeling is a positive feature when used for its original
purpose, that is, to facilitate trade within the EU and EFTA.

However, CE labeling may cover many different specifi­cations. Check what a given CE label specifically covers.

The covered specifications can be very different and a CE
label may therefore give the installer a false feeling of
security when using a frequency converter as a component
in a system or an appliance.

Danfoss CE labels the frequency converters in accordance
with the low-voltage directive. This means that if the
frequency converter is installed correctly, Danfoss
guarantees compliance with the low-voltage directive.
Danfoss issues a declaration of conformity that confirms
our CE labeling in accordance with the low-voltage
directive.

The CE label also applies to the EMC directive provided
that the instructions for EMC-correct installation and
filtering are followed. On this basis, a declaration of
conformity in accordance with the EMC directive is issued.

A frequency converter contains many mechanical and
electronic components. All are to some extent vulnerable
to environmental effects.

CAUTION

The frequency converter should not be installed in
environments with airborne liquids, particles, or gases
capable of affecting and damaging the electronic
components. Failure to take the necessary protective
measures increases the risk of stoppages, thus reducing
the life of the frequency converter.

Liquids can be carried through the air and condense in the
frequency converter and may cause corrosion of
components and metal parts. Steam, oil, and salt water
may cause corrosion of components and metal parts. In
such environments, use equipment with enclosure rating
IP54. As an extra protection, coated printed circuit boards
can be ordered as an option. (Standard on some power
sizes.)

Airborne Particles such as dust may cause mechanical,
electrical, or thermal failure in the frequency converter. A
typical indicator of excessive levels of airborne particles is
dust particles around the frequency converter fan. In dusty
environments, use equipment with enclosure rating IP54 or
a cabinet for IP20/TYPE 1 equipment.

The Design Guide offers detailed instructions for instal­lation to ensure EMC-correct installation. Furthermore,

12 MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

In environments with high temperatures and humidity,
corrosive gases such as sulphur, nitrogen, and chlorine

SYSTEM CURVE

FAN CURVE

PRESSURE%

130BA780.10

A

B

C

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

VOLUME%

120

100

80

60

40

20

0

20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

120

100

80

60

40

20

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Voume %

Voume %

INPUT POWER % PRESSURE %

SYSTEM CURVE

FAN CURVE

A

B

C

130BA781.10

ENERGY

CONSUMED

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compounds causes chemical processes on the frequency
converter components.

Such chemical

reactions rapidly affects and damages the
electronic components. In such environments, mount the
equipment in a cabinet with fresh air ventilation, keeping
aggressive gases away from the frequency converter.
An extra protection in such areas is a coating of the
printed circuit boards, which can be ordered as an option.

NOTE

Mounting frequency converters
increases the risk of stoppages and considerably reduces
the life of the frequency converter.

Before installing the frequency converter, check the
ambient air for liquids, particles, and gases. This is done by
observing existing installations in this environment. Typical
indicators of harmful airborne liquids are water or oil on
metal parts, or corrosion of metal parts.

Excessive dust particle levels are often found on instal­lation cabinets and existing electrical installations. One
indicator of aggressive airborne gases is blackening of
copper rails and cable ends on existing installations.

in aggressive environments

2.5.2 The Clear Advantage - Energy Savings

The clear advantage of using a frequency converter for
controlling the speed of fans or pumps lies in the
electricity savings.
When comparing with alternative control systems and
technologies, a frequency converter is the optimum energy
control system for controlling fan and pump systems.

Illustration 2.1 The graph is Showing Fan Curves (A, B, and C) for
Reduced Fan Volumes.

2 2

2.4 Vibration and Shock

The frequency converter has been tested according to the
procedure based on the shown standards:

The frequency converter complies with requirements that
exist for units mounted on the walls and floors of
production premises, as well as in panels bolted to walls or
floors.

IEC/EN 60068-2-6 Vibration (sinusoidal) - 1970
IEC/EN 60068-2-64 Vibration, broad-band random

Table 2.3

2.5 Advantages

2.5.1 Why use a Frequency Converter for

Controlling Fans and Pumps?

A frequency converter takes advantage of the fact that
centrifugal fans and pumps follow the laws of propor­tionality for such fans and pumps. For further information
see 2.5.3 Example of Energy Savings.

Illustration 2.2 When using a frequency converter to reduce fan

MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

capacity to 60% - more than 50% energy savings may be
obtained in typical applications.

13

n

100%

50%

25%

12,5%

50% 100%

80%

80%

175HA208.10

Power ~n

3

Pressure ~n

2

Flow ~n

130BA782.10

Discharge
damper

Less energy savings

IGV

Costlier installation

Maximum energy savings

130BA779.11

0 60 0 60 0 60

0

20

40

60

80

100

Discharge Damper Solution
IGV Solution
VLT Solution

Energy consumed

Energy consumed

Energy consumed

Input power %

Volume %

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2.5.3 Example of Energy Savings

that enables the frequency converter to function as a
Building Management System, BMS.

22

changing the RPM. By reducing the speed only 20% from
the rated speed, the flow is also reduced by 20%. This is
because the flow is directly proportional to the RPM. The
consumption of electricity, however, is reduced by 50%.
If the system in question only needs to be able to supply a

As shown in Illustration

2.3, the flow is controlled by
Illustration 2.5 shows typical energy savings obtainable

with 3 well-known solutions when fan volume is reduced
to i.e. 60%.
As the graph shows, more than 50% energy savings can be
achieved in typical applications.

flow that corresponds to 100% a few days in a year, while
the average is below 80% of the rated flow for the
remainder of the year, the amount of energy saved is even
more than 50%.

Illustration 2.3 describes the dependence of flow, pressure and
power consumption on RPM.
Q=Flow P=Power
Q1=Rated
Q2=Reduced flow P2=Reduced power
H=Pressure n=Speed regulation
H1=Rated pressure n1=Rated speed
H2=Reduced pressure n2=Reduced speed

flow P1=Rated power

Table 2.4 The Laws of Proportionality

Illustration 2.4 The Three Common Energy Saving Systems

Illustration 2.3 Laws of Proportionally

Q

n

1

1

=

Q

n

2

2

H

n

1

:

P

1

P

2

1

=

(

H

n

2

2

n

3

1

=

(

)

n

2

2

)

Flow

:

Pressure

Power

:

2.5.4 Comparison of Energy Savings

The Danfoss frequency converter solution offers major
savings compared with traditional energy saving solutions.
This is because the frequency converter is able to control
fan speed according to thermal load on the system and
the fact that the frequency converter has a built-in facility

14 MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

Illustration 2.5 Energy Savings

Discharge dampers reduce power consumption somewhat.
Inlet Guide Vans offer a 40% reduction but are expensive

175HA209.11

60

50

40

30

20

10

H

s

0 100 200 300 400

(mwg)

B

C

A

750rpm

1050rpm

1350rpm

1650rpm

0

10

20

30

(kW)

40

50

60

200100 300

(

m3 /h

)

(

m3 /h

)

400

750rpm

1050rpm

1350rpm

1650rpm

P

shaft

C

1

B

1

A

1

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to install. The Danfoss frequency converter solution
reduces energy consumption

with more than 50% and is

easy to install.

2.5.5 Example with Varying Flow over 1
Year

This example is calculated based on pump characteristics
obtained from a
The result obtained shows energy savings in excess of 50%
at the given flow distribution over a year. The pay back
period depends on the price per kWh and price of
frequency converter. In this example it is less than a year
when compared with valves and constant speed.

Energy savings
P

shaft=Pshaft output

pump datasheet.

Distribution Valve regulation Frequency Converter

m3/

h

% Hours Power Consump-

- B

A1

1

tion

kWh A1 - C

control

Power Consump-

tion

kWh

1

350 5 438 42.5 18.615 42.5 18.615
300 15 1314 38.5 50.589 29.0 38.106
250 20 1752 35.0 61.320 18.5 32.412
200 20 1752 31.5 55.188 11.5 20.148
150 20 1752 28.0 49.056 6.5 11.388
100 20 1752 23.0 40.296 3.5 6.132

100 8760 275.064 26.801

Σ

Table 2.5

2.5.6 Better Control

If a frequency converter is used for controlling the flow or
pressure
A frequency converter can vary the speed of the fan or
pump, obtaining variable control of flow and pressure.
Furthermore, a frequency converter can quickly adapt the
speed of the fan or pump to new flow or pressure
conditions in the system.
Simple control of process (Flow, Level or Pressure) utilizing
the built-in PI control.

of a system, improved control is obtained.

2 2

Illustration 2.6 Flow Distribution over 1 Year

Illustration 2.7

2.5.7 Star/Delta Starter or Soft-starter not
Required

When larger motors are started, it is necessary in many
countries to use equipment that limits the start-up current.
In more traditional systems, a star/delta starter or soft­starter is widely used. Such motor starters are not required
if a frequency converter is used.

MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

15

Full load

% Full load current

& speed

500

100

0

0 12,5 25 37,5 50Hz

200

300

400

600

700

800

4

3

2

1

175HA227.10

M

- +

M

M

x6 x6

x6

175HA205.12

Valve
posi­tion

Starter

Fuses

LV

supply

P.F.C

Flow

3-Port
valve

Bypass

Return

Control

Supply
air

V.A.V
outlets

Duct

P.F.C

Mains

Fuses

Starter

Bypass

supply

LV

Return

valve

3-Port

Flow

Control

Valve
posi­tion

Starter

Power
Factor
Correction

Mains

IGV

Mechanical
linkage
and vanes

Fan

Motor
or
actuator

Main
B.M.S

Local
D.D.C.
control

Sensors
PT

Pressure
control
signal
0/10V

Temperature
control
signal
0/10V

Control

Mains

Cooling section Heating section

Fan sectionInlet guide vane

Pump Pump

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As illustrated in Illustration 2.8, a frequency converter does
not consume more than rated current.

1

VLT® Micro Drive
2 Star/delta starter
3 Soft-starter

22

4 Start directly on mains

Table 2.6

2.5.8 Using a Frequency Converter Saves
Money

Example 2.5.9 Without a Frequency Converter shows that a
lot of equipment is not required when a frequency
converter is used. It is possible to calculate the cost of
installing the two different systems. In the example, the
two systems can be established at roughly the same price.

Illustration 2.8

2.5.9 Without a Frequency Converter

D.D.C.=Direct Digital Control E.M.S.=Energy Management system
V.A.V.=Variable Air Volume
Sensor P=Pressure Sensor T=Temperature

Table 2.7 Fan System made in the Traditional Way

16 MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

Illustration 2.9

175HA206.11

Pump

Flow

Return

Supply
air

V.A.V
outlets

Duct

Mains

Pump

Return

Flow

Mains

Fan

Main
B.M.S

Local
D.D.C.
control

Sensors

Mains

Cooling section Heating section

Fan section

Pressure
control
0-10V
or
0/4-20mA

Control
temperature
0-10V
or
0/4-20mA

Control
temperature
0-10V
or
0/4-20mA

VLT

M

- +

VLT

M

M

PT

VLT

x3 x3

x3

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2.5.10 With a Frequency Converter

Illustration 2.10 Fan System Controlled by Frequency Converters

2 2

MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

17

130BB892.10

100%

0%

-100%

100%

Local
reference
scaled to
Hz

Auto mode

Hand mode

LCP Hand on,
off and auto
on keys

Local

Remote

Reference

Ramp

P 4-10
Motor speed
direction

To motor
control

Reference
handling
Remote
reference

P 4-14
Motor speed
high limit [Hz]

P 4-12
Motor speed
low limit [Hz]

P 3-4* Ramp 1
P 3-5* Ramp 2

Hand
On

Off
Reset

Auto
On

130BB893.10

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3

Introduction to VLT® Micro Drive

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

33

3.1 Control Structures

In 1-00 Configuration Mode it can be selected if open or
closed loop is to be used.

3.1.1 Control Structure Open Loop

Illustration 3.1 Open Loop Structure

In the configuration shown in Illustration 3.1, 1-00 Configu-
ration Mode is set to [0] Open loop. The resulting reference

the reference handling system or the local reference

from
is received and fed through the ramp limitation and speed
limitation before being sent to the motor control. The
output from the motor control is then limited by the
maximum frequency limit.

reference. In this mode, it is possible to control the
frequency

converter via the digital inputs and RS-485. See
more about starting, stopping, changing ramps and
parameter set-ups etc. in parameter group 5-1* (Digital
Inputs) or parameter group 8-5* (Serial Communication).

3.1.2 Local (Hand On) and Remote (Auto
On) Control

The frequency converter can be operated manually via the
local control panel (LCP) or remotely via analog/digital
inputs or serial bus. If allowed in 0-40 [Hand on] Key on

LCP, 0-44 [Off/Reset] Key on LCP, and 0-42 [Auto on] Key on
LCP, it is possible to start and stop the frequency converter

by LCP using the [Hand On] and [Off/Reset] keys. Alarms
can be reset via the [Off/Reset] key. After pressing the
[Hand On] key, the frequency converter goes into Hand
Mode and follows (as default) the local reference set by

using the LCP potentiometer (LCP 12) or [▲]/[▼] (LCP 11).
The potentiometer can be disabled by parameter P6-80. If
potentiometer is disabled, arrow keys can be used for
adjusting reference.

After pressing the [Auto On] key, the frequency converter
goes into Auto mode and follows (as default) the remote

18 MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

Illustration 3.2

Local reference forces the configuration mode to open

independent on the setting of 1-00 Configuration

loop,
Mode.

Local

Reference is restored at power-down.

3.1.3 Control Structure Closed Loop

The internal controller allows the frequency converter to
become an integral part of the controlled system. The
frequency converter receives a feedback signal from a
sensor in the system. It then compares this feedback to a
set-point reference value and determines the error, if any,

7-30 PI

Normal/Inverse

Control

PI

Reference

Feedback

Scale to
speed

P 4-10

Motor speed

direction

To motor
control

130BB894.11

S

100%

0%

-100%

100%

*[-1]

_

+

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between these two signals. It then adjusts the speed of the
motor to correct

this error.

For example, consider a pump application where the
speed of a pump is to be controlled so that the static
pressure in a pipe is constant. The desired static pressure
value is supplied to the frequency converter as the set­point reference. A static pressure sensor measures the

Illustration 3.3

While the default values for the frequency converter’s
Closed Loop controller often provides satisfactory
performance, the control of the system can often be
optimized by adjusting some of the Closed Loop
controller’s parameters.

actual static pressure in the pipe and supplies this to the
frequency converter as a feedback signal. If the feedback
signal is greater than the set-point reference, the
frequency converter slows down to reduce the pressure. In
a similar way, if the pipe pressure is lower than the set­point reference, the frequency converter automatically
speed up to increase the pressure provided by the pump.

3 3

MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

19

Speed open
loop

Configuration
mode

Input command:

freeze reference

Process
control

Scale to
Hz

Scale to
process
unit

Remote
reference/
setpoint

±200%

Feedback
handling

Remote
reference in %

maxRefPCT

minRefPct

min-max ref

Freeze
reference &
increase/
decrease
reference

±100%

Input commands:

Speed up/speed down

±200%

Relative
reference
=
X+X*Y/100

±200%

External reference in %

±200%

Parameter choise:
Reference resource 1,2,3

±100%

Preset reference

Input command:
preset ref bit0, bit1, bit2

+

+

Relative scalling reference

Intern resource

Preset relative reference

±100%

Preset reference 0 ±100%
Preset reference 1 ±100%
Preset reference 2 ±100%

Preset reference 3 ±100%
Preset reference 4 ±100%
Preset reference 5 ±100%
Preset reference 6 ±100%
Preset reference 7 ±100%

Extern resource 1

No function

Analog reference
±200 %

Local bus reference
±200 %
LCP potmeter 0~100 %

Extern resource 2

No function

Analog reference
±200 %

Local bus reference
±200 %
LCP potmeter 0~100 %

Extern resource 3

No function

Analog reference
±200 %

Local bus reference
±200 %
LCP potmeter 0~100 %

Y

X

130BB900.13

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3.1.4 Reference Handling

Details for Open Loop and Closed Loop operation.

33

Illustration 3.4 Block Diagram Showing Remote Reference

The remote reference is comprised of

Preset

•

External references (analog inputs and serial

•

communication bus references)
The preset relative reference

•

Feedback controlled setpoint

•

Up to 8 preset references can be programmed in the
frequency converter. The active preset reference can be
selected using digital inputs or the serial communications
bus. The reference can also be supplied externally, most
commonly from an analog input. This external source is
selected by one of the 3 Reference Source parameters
(3-15 Reference 1 Source
3-17 Reference 3 Source). All reference resources and the
bus reference are added to produce the total external
reference. The external reference, the preset reference or
the sum of the two can be selected to be the active

20 MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

references

, 3-16 Reference 2 Source and

reference. Finally, this reference can by be scaled using

Preset Relative Reference.

3-14

The scaled reference is calculated as follows:

Reference

= X + X ×

Where X is the external reference, the preset reference or
the sum of these and Y is 3-14 Preset Relative Reference in
[%].

If Y, 3-14 Preset Relative Reference is set to 0%, the
reference will not be affected by the scaling.

(

100

Y

)

Earth Plane

LINE

FREQUENCY

MOTOR CABLE SCREENED MOTOR

CONVERTER

Earth wire

Screen

z

z

z

L1

L2

L3

PE

U

V

W

PE

175ZA062.11

C

S

I

2

I

1

I

3

I

4

C

S

C

S

C

S

C

S

I

4

C

S

z

PE

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3.2 General Aspects of EMC

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

Electrical interference is usually conducted at frequencies
in the range 150 kHz to 30 MHz. Airborne interference
from the frequency converter system in the range 30 MHz
to 1 GHz is generated from the inverter, motor cable, and
the motor.
As shown in Illustration 3.5
motor

cable coupled with a high dU/dt from the motor

, capacitive currents in the

voltage generate leakage currents.
The use of a screened motor cable increases the leakage
current (see Illustration 3.5) because screened cables have
higher capacitance to earth than unscreened cables. If the
leakage current is not filtered, it causes greater
interference on the mains in the radio frequency range
below approximately 5 MHz. Since the leakage current (I1)
is carried back to the unit through the screen (I 3), there
will in principle only be a small electro-magnetic field (I4)

from the screened motor cable according to the below
figure.

screen reduces the radiated interference but increases

The
the low-frequency interference on the mains. The motor
cable screen must be connected to the frequency
converter enclosure as well as on the motor enclosure. This
is best done by using integrated screen clamps so as to
avoid twisted screen ends (pigtails). These increase the
screen impedance at higher frequencies, which reduces the
screen effect and increases the leakage current (I4).
If a screened cable is used for fieldbus, relay, control cable,
signal interface and brake, the screen must be mounted on
the enclosure at both ends. In some situations, however, it
is necessary to break the screen to avoid current loops.

3 3

Illustration 3.5 Situation that Generates Leakage Currents

If the screen is to be placed on a mounting plate for the
frequency converter, the mounting plate must be made of
metal, because the screen currents have to be conveyed
back to the unit. Moreover, ensure good electrical contact
from the mounting plate through the mounting screws to
the frequency converter chassis.

When unscreened cables are used, some emission
requirements are not complied with, although the
immunity requirements are observed.

In order to reduce the interference level from the entire
system (unit+installation), make motor and brake cables as
short as possible. Avoid placing cables with a sensitive
signal level alongside motor and brake cables. Radio
interference higher than 50 MHz (airborne) is especially

MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

generated by the control electronics. See 6.8.4 EMC-Correct
Electrical Installation for more information on EMC.

3.2.1 Emission Requirements

According to the EMC product standard for adjustable
speed frequency converters EN/IEC 61800-3:2004 the EMC
requirements depend on the intended use of the
frequency converter. Four categories are defined in the
EMC product standard. The definitions of the 4 categories
together with the requirements for mains supply voltage
conducted emissions are given in Table 3.1.

21

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Conducted

emission

Cate-

Definition

gory

33

C1 Frequency converters installed in the

first environment (home and office)
with a supply voltage less than 1000
V.

C2 Frequency converters installed in the

first environment (home and office)
with a supply voltage less than 1000
V, which are neither plug-in nor
movable and are intended to be
installed and commissioned by a
professional.

C3 Frequency converters installed in the

second environment (industrial) with a
supply voltage lower than 1000 V.

C4 Frequency converters installed in the

second environment with a supply
voltage equal to or above 1000 V or
rated current equal to or above 400 A
or intended for use in complex
systems.

requirement

according to the

given in EN

limits

55011

Class B

Class A Group 1

Class A Group 2

No limit line.
An EMC plan

should be made.

When the generic emission standards are used the
frequency converters are

required to comply with the

following limits

Conducted

emission

Environment Generic standard

First
environment
(home and
office)
Second
environment
(industrial
environment)

Table 3.2

EN/IEC 61000-6-3 Emission
standard for residential,
commercial and light
industrial environments.
EN/IEC 61000-6-4 Emission
standard for industrial
environments.

requirement

according to the

limits given in

EN 55011

Class B

Class A Group 1

Table 3.1 Emission Requirements

3.2.2 EMC Test Results (Emission)

Drive type Conducted emission. Maximum shielded cable length [m] Radiated emission

Housing, trades and

light

industries

Without
external

filter

With

external

filter

Without
external

filter

Industrial environment

With

external

filter

Without
external

filter

EN 55011 Class A2 EN 55011 Class A1 EN 55011 Class B EN 55011 Class A2 EN 55011 Class A1
Without
external

filter
≤2.2 kW.
Single

230 V

phase,
≤7.5 kW. Up
to 500 VAC,
three phase
11 kW to 22
kW. Up to
500 VAC,
three phase

Table 3.3 EMC Test Result

25 - 15 50 5 15 Yes - No Yes

25 - 15 50 - 15 Yes - No Yes

25 - 15 50 - 15 Yes - No Yes

Industrial environment

With

external

filter

Without
external

filter

With

external

filter

With

external

filter

22 MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

SMPS

130BB896.10

1

2

3

a

M

130BB901.10

1324

5

a

M

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3.2.3 Harmonics Emission Requirements

Equipment connected to the public supply network

WARNING

Cannot comply, only with power option

Options Definition
1 IEC/EN 61000-3-2 Class A for 3-phase balanced

equipment (for professional equipment only up to 1
kW total power).

2 IEC/EN 61000-3-12 Equipment 16 A-75 A and profes-

sional equipment as from 1 kW up to 16 A phase
current.

Table 3.4

3.2.4 Immunity Requirements

The immunity requirements for frequency converters
depend on the environment where they are installed. The
requirements for the industrial environment are higher
than the requirements for the home and office
environment. All Danfoss frequency converters comply
with the requirements for the industrial environment and
consequently comply also with the lower requirements for
home and office environment with a large safety margin.

To

maintain PELV all connections made to the control

terminals

must be PELV, e.g. thermistor must be

reinforced/double insulated.

0.25-22 kW

1. Power supply (SMPS)

2. Optocouplers, communication between AOC and
BOC

3. Custom relays

Illustration 3.6 Galvanic Isolation

3 3

3.3 Galvanic Isolation (PELV)

3.3.1 PELV - Protective Extra Low Voltage

PELV offers protection by way of extra low voltage.
Protection against electric shock is ensured when the
electrical supply is of the PELV type and the installation is
made as described in local/national regulations on PELV
supplies.

All control terminals and relay terminals 01-03/04-06
comply with PELV (Protective Extra Low Voltage) (Does not
apply to grounded Delta leg above 440 V).

Galvanic (ensured) isolation is obtained by fulfilling
requirements for higher isolation and by providing the
relevant creapage/clearance distances. These requirements
are described in the EN 61800-5-1 standard.

The components that make up the electrical isolation, as
described, also comply with the requirements for higher
isolation and the relevant test as described in EN
61800-5-1.
The PELV galvanic isolation can be shown in Illustration 3.7.

30-90 kW

1. Power supply (SMPS) incl. signal isolation of UDC,
indicating the intermediate current voltage.

2. Gate drive that runs the IGBTs (trigger
transformers/opto-couplers).

3. Current transducers.

4. Internal soft-charge, RFI and temperature
measurement circuits.

5. Custom relays.

Illustration 3.7 Galvanic Isolation

The functional galvanic isolation (see Illustration 3.6) is for
the RS-485 standard bus interface.

MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

23

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

CAUTION

Installation at high altitude:
At altitudes above 2 km, contact Danfoss regarding PELV.

3.4 Earth Leakage Current

33

WARNING

DISCHARGE TIME

Touching the electrical parts could be fatal - even after the
equipment has been disconnected from mains.
Also make sure that other voltage inputs have been
disconnected, such as load sharing (linkage of DC
intermediate circuit), as well as the motor connection for
kinetic back-up.
Before touching any electrical parts, wait at least the
amount of time indicated in the Table 2.1

time is allowed only if indicated on the nameplate

Shorter
for the specific unit.

NOTE

Leakage Current
The earth leakage current from the frequency converter
exceeds 3.5 mA. To ensure that the earth cable has a good
mechanical connection to the earth connection, the cable
cross section must be at least 10 mm2 or 2 rated earth
wires terminated separately.
Residual Current Device protection RCD
This product can cause a DC current in the protective
conductor. Where a residual current device (RCD) is used
for protection in case of direct or indirect contact, only an
RCD of Type B is allowed on the supply side of this
product. Otherwise, another protective measure shall be
applied, such as separation from the environment by
double or reinforced insulation, or isolation from the
supply system by a transformer. See also Application Note
Protection against Electrical Hazards, MN90G.
Protective
of RCDs must always follow national and local regulations.

3.5 Extreme Running Conditions

Short Circuit (Motor Phase – Phase)
Current
in the DC link, protects the frequency converter against
short circuts. A short circuit between two output phases
causes an overcurrent in the inverter. The inverter is
turned off individually when the short circuit current
exceeds the permitted value (Alarm 16 Trip Lock).
To protect the frequency converter against a short circuit
at the load sharing and brake outputs see the design
guidelines.

earthing of the frequency converter and the use

measurement in each of the three motor phases or

.

Switching on the Output
Switching on the output between the motor and the
frequency converter is fully permitted. The frequency
converter is not damaged in any way by switching on the
output. However, fault messages may appear.

Motor-generated Over-voltage
The voltage in the intermediate circuit is increased when
the motor acts as a generator. This occurs in following
cases:

1. The load drives the motor (at constant output
frequency from the frequency converter), that is
the load generates energy.

2. During deceleration ("ramp-down") if the moment
of inertia is high, the friction is low and the ramp­down time is too short for the energy to be
dissipated as a loss in the frequency converter,
the motor and the installation.

3.

Incorrect slip compensation setting (1-62 Slip

Compensation

The control unit may attempt to correct the ramp if
possible (2-17 Over-voltage Control.)
The inverter turns off to protect the transistors and the
intermediate circuit capacitors when a certain voltage level
is reached.

Mains Drop-out
During a mains drop-out, the frequency converter keeps
running until the intermediate circuit voltage drops below
the minimum stop level, which is typically 15% below the
frequency converter's lowest rated supply voltage. The
mains voltage before the drop-out and the motor load
determines how long it takes for the inverter to coast.

) may cause higher DC link voltage.

3.5.1 Motor Thermal Protection

To protect the application from serious damages VLT
AutomationDrive offers several dedicated features
Torque Limit: The Torque limit feature the motor is
protected for being overloaded independent of the speed.
Torque limit is controlled in 4-16 Torque Limit Motor Mode
and or 4-17 Torque Limit Generator Mode and the time
before the torque limit warning shall trip is controlled in

14-25 Trip Delay at Torque Limit

Current

Limit: The current limit is controlled in 4-18 Current
Limit and the time before the current limit warning shall
trip is controlled in 14-24 Trip Delay at Current Limit.
Min Speed Limit: (4-11 Motor Speed Low Limit [RPM] or
4-12 Motor Speed Low Limit [Hz]) limit the operating speed
range to for instance between 30 and 50/60Hz. Max Speed
Limit: (4-13 Motor Speed High Limit [RPM] or 4-19 Max
Output Frequency) limit the max output speed the can
provide

.

®

24 MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

1.21.0 1.4

30

10

20

100

60

40

50

1.81.6 2.0

2000

500

200

400
300

1000

600

t [s]

175ZA052.12

f

OUT

= 2 x f

M,N

f

OUT

= 0.2 x f

M,N

f

OUT

= 1 x f

M,N

(par. 1-23)

IMN(par. 1-24)

I

M

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ETR (Electronic Thermal relay):

The frequency

converter ETR
function measures actual current, speed and time to
calculate motor temperature and protect the motor from
being overheated (Warning or trip). An external thermistor
input is also available. ETR is an electronic feature that
simulates a bimetal relay based on internal measurements.
The characteristic is shown in Illustration 3.8

Illustration 3.8 ETR: The X-axis shows the ratio between I
and I
the ETR cut of and trips the drive. The curves show the charac­teristic nominal speed, at twice the nominal speed and at 0,2 x
the nominal speed.
At lower speed the ETR cuts of at lower heat due to less cooling
of the motor. In that way the motor are protected from being
over heated even at low speed. The ETR feature is calculating
the motor temperature based on actual current and speed. The
calculated temperature is visible as a read out parameter in

16-18 Motor Thermal in the FC 51 Micro Drive Programming Guide,
MG02CX.

nominal. The Y- axis shows the time in seconds before

motor

:

motor

3 3

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4

VLT® Micro Drive Selection

4.1 Options and Accessories

4.1.1 Local Control Panel (LCP)

For detailed information on programming, see

44

Programming Guide MG02C

.

NOTE

The frequency converter can also be programmed from a
PC

RS-485

via

Software.

software can either be ordered using code number

This
130B1000 or downloaded from the DanfossWeb site: /

BusinessAreas/DrivesSolutions/software-download

com-port

by installing the MCT 10 Set-up

Operation Keys:
A

yellow light above the operation keys indicates the
active key.
[Hand on]: Starts the motor and enables control of the
frequency converter via the LCP.
[Off/Reset]: Stops the motor (off). If in alarm mode the
alarm will be reset.
[Auto on]: The frequency converter is controlled either via
control terminals or serial communication.
[Potentiometer] (LCP 12): The potentiometer works in two
ways depending on the mode in which the frequency
converter is running.
In Auto Mode the potentiometer acts as an extra
programmable analog input.
In Hand on Mode the potentiometer controls local
reference.

The LCP can be moved to the front of a cabinet by using
the remote build-in kit. The enclosure is the IP55.

Enclosure IP55 front
Max. cable length between and unit: 3 m
Communication std: RS-485
Ordering no. 132B0102

Illustration 4.1 Description of LCP Buttons and Display

Use the [Menu] key to select one of the following menus:

Status:
For readouts only.

Menu:

Quick
For access to Quick Menus 1 and 2, respectively.

Main Menu:
For access to all parameters.

Navigation Keys:
[Back]: For moving to the previous step or layer in the
navigation structure.

Arrows [▲] [▼]: For maneuvering between parameter
groups, parameters and within parameters.
[Ok]: For selecting a parameter and for accepting changes
to parameter settings.

Table 4.1 Technical Data

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4.1.2 FC 51 Mounting Instruction

Step 1
Place the bottom of the LCP in the frequency converter.

Illustration 4.2

4 4

Step 2
Push the top of the LCP into the frequency converter.

Illustration 4.3

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4.1.3 FC 51 Remote Mounting Kit Mounting Instruction

Step 1
Fit gasket on LCP in the frequency converter.

Step 2
Place

LCP on panel - see dimensions of hole on drawing.

44

Illustration 4.4

Illustration 4.5

Illustration 4.6

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Step 3
Place bracket on back of the LCP, then slide down. Tighten
screws and connect cable to LCP.

NOTE

Use the provided thread cutting screws to fasten
connector to LCP. Tightening torque: 1.3 Nm.

Step 4
Connect cable to frequency converter.

NOTE

Use the provided thread cutting screws to fasten
connector to the frequency converter. Tightening torque:

1.3 Nm.

4 4

Illustration 4.7

Illustration 4.8

Illustration 4.9

MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

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4.1.4 IP21/TYPE 1 Enclosure Kit

Frame IP class Power [kW] Height [mm]AWidth [mm]BDepth [mm]COrdering no.

1x200-240 V 3x200-240 V 3x380-480 V
M1 IP21 0.18-0.75 0.25-0.75 0.37-0.75 219.3 73 155.9 132B0108
M2 IP21 1.5 1.25 1.5-2.2 245.6 78 175.4 132B0109
M3 IP21 2.2 2.2-3.7 3.0-7.5 297.5 95 201.4 132B0110
M4 IP21 - - 11-15 - - - -

44

M5 IP21 - - 18.5-22 - - - -

Table 4.2

4.1.5 Type 1 (NEMA)

Frame IP class Power [kW] Height [mm]AWidth [mm]BDepth [mm]COrdering no.

1x200-240 V 3x200-240 V 3x380-480 V
M1 IP20 0.18-0.75 0.25-0.75 0.37-0.75 194.3 70.0 155.9 132B0103
M2 IP20 1.5 1.25 1.5-2.2 220.6 75.0 175.4 132B0104
M3 IP20 2.2 2.2-3.7 3.0-7.5 282.5 90.0 201.3 132B0105
M4 IP20 - - 11-15 345.6 125.0 248.5 132B0120
M5 IP20 - - 18.5-22 385.5 165.0 248.2 132B0121

Table 4.3

4.1.6 De-Coupling

Frame IP class Power [kW] Height [mm]AWidth [mm]BDepth [mm]COrdering no.

1x200-240 V 3x200-240 V 3x380-480 V
M1 IP20 0.18-0.75 0.25-0.75 0.37-0.75 204.2 70.0 155.9 132B0106
M2 IP20 1.5 1.25 1.5-2.2 230.0 75.0 175.4 132B0106
M3 IP20 2.2 2.2-3.7 3.0-7.5 218.5 90.0 201.3 132B0107
M4 IP20 - - 11-15 347.5 125.0 248.5 132B0122
M5 IP20 - - 18.5-22 387.5 165.0 248.2 132B0122

Table 4.4

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4.1.7 FC 51 Type 1 Kit Mounting Instruction for M1, M2 and M3

Step 1
Mount metal plate on frequency converter and tighten the
screws. Tightening torque: 2 Nm.

M1 4 x ½”
M2 5 x ½ “
M3 2 x ½”

3 x 3/4”

Table 4.5 Conduit Sizes

Step 2
Fit bottom cover on frequency converter and tighten
screw.

4 4

Illustration 4.11

Illustration 4.10

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4.1.8 FC 51 Type 1 Kit Mounting Instruction for M4 and M5

Step 1
Mount metal plate on frequency converter and tighten the
screws. Tightening torque: 2 Nm.

M4 3x½”
M5 3x1“

Step 2
Fit bottom cover on frequency converter and tighten
screw.

44

Table 4.6 Conduit Sizes

Illustration 4.13

Illustration 4.12

32 MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

130BC014.10

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4.1.9 FC 51 IP21 Kit Mounting Instruction

Step 1
Fit top cover on frequency converter.

Illustration 4.14

4 4

Illustration 4.15

Step 2
Remove knockouts on metal plate and fit rubber
grommets.

Illustration 4.16

Step 3
Mount metal plate on frequency converter and tighten
screws. Tightening torque: 2 Nm.

Illustration 4.17

MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

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Step 4
Fit bottom cover on frequency converter and tighten
screw.

NOTE

IP21 is only achieved with LCP 11 or LCP 12 mounted.

44

Illustration 4.18

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4.1.10 FC 51 De-coupling Plate Mounting Instruction for M1 and M2

Step 1
Mount metal plate on frequency converter and fasten with
two screws. Tightening torque: 2 Nm.

Illustration 4.19

Step 2
Mount bracket on de-coupling plate.

Step 3
VLT® Micro frequency converter FC 51 mounted with de-

coupling plate.

4 4

Illustration 4.21

Illustration 4.20

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4.1.11 FC 51 De-coupling Plate Mounting Instruction for M3

Step 1
Mount de-coupling plate on frequency converter and
fasten with two screws. Tightening torque: 2 Nm.

Step 2
VLT® Micro frequency converter FC 51 mounted with de-

coupling plate.

44

Illustration 4.22

Illustration 4.24

Illustration 4.23

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4.1.12 FC 51 De-coupling Plate Mounting Instruction for M4 and M5

Step 1
Mount metal plate on and fasten with two screws.
Tightening torque: 2 Nm.

Illustration 4.25

Step 2

Micro frequency converter FC 51 mounted with de-

VLT®
coupling plate.

Step 3
Mount bracket on de-coupling plate.

4 4

Illustration 4.27

Illustration 4.26

MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

37

4

130BC160.10

2

3

1

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4.1.13 FC 51 DIN Rail Kit Mounting
Instruction

Step 1
Mount plastic part on frequency converter.

4.1.14 Line Filter MCC 107 Installation
Instructions

Line Filters of the type MCC 107 combine a harmonic filter
and

an EMC filter. The line filters improve performance of

the line current to the VLT® Micro Drive FC 51. The three
different Line Filter frame sizes correspond to the M1, M2
and M3 Micro Drives.

44

Illustration 4.28

Illustration 4.30 Line Filter MCC 107 with Micro Drive FC 51

Step 2
Fit frequency converter on DIN rail (Din Rail kit is only for
M1 and M2).

Illustration 4.29

1 Mounting holes for frequency converter
2 Input terminal
3 Output line
4 Protective earth (PE)

Table 4.7

CAUTION

Hot surfaces

Risk of high surface temperatures.

Do NOT touch the Line Filter during operation or

•

wear protective gloves

WARNING

High voltage

Risk of electric shock.

Never carry out maintenance work on the Line

•

Filter during operation. Wait at least 4 minutes
after the equipment has been disconnected from
the frequency converter before touching any
potentially live parts.

38 MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

NOTE

•

Never repair a defective filter

130BC159.10

PE

U

V

W

L

N

L

N

PE

M

3~

PE

U

V

W

MCC 107 FC 51

130BC161.10

PE

U

V

W

L1

L1

PE

M
3~

PE

U

V

W

MCC 107 FC 51

L2

L3

L2

L3

130BC162.10

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4.1.15 Mounting

There are two options for mounting the Line Filter
correctly:

1. Front mounting

Mount the filter in a vertical position with the

•

terminals at the bottom.
Mount the frequency converter on the front of

•

the Line Filter using 3 M4 bolts.

4.1.16 Wiring

WARNING

Risk of electrical shock due to high leakage currents

Do not power up the Line Filter before it is

•

connected to protective earth (PE)

1. Connect Line Filter to protective earth (PE). Use a
cabinet mounting panel or similar to achieve
optimum earthing conditions.

2. Connect input terminal to mains power (cable
not supplied)

3. Connect output cable to the input terminals of
the frequency converter

4. Ensure solid electrical contact between Line Filter
and frequency converter (high frequency
earthing)

4 4

Illustration 4.31 Line Filter with Frequency Converter

Ensure metal-to-metal contact between filter and

•

frequency converter.

NOTE

Metal-to-metal contact improves EMC performance and
enables the baseplate of the frequency converter to
function as heatsink for the Line Filter

2. Side mounting

Mount

•

converter.
There is no requirement for spacing between
filter and frequency converter.

Mount the back of the Line Filter to a cooling

•

surface, such as a metal wall. Alternatively, derate
the Line Filter by one size: For example use a

0.75 kW Line Filter with a 0.37 kW Micro Drive.

CAUTION

High temperatures

Risk of fire or device damage

•

Do not mount the Line Filter in close proximity to
other heating elements or heat-sensitive material
(such as wood).

the filter side-by-side with the frequency

Illustration 4.32 Line 1

Illustration 4.33 Line 2

MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

39

100

+10

0

300

+20

0

M6

1

W

PE

d

LOAD

LINE

5.5

h1

l1

h2

7.8

W1

W2

l2

h

l2

h3

Ø11

Ø5.5

M4(3x)

130BC163.10

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NOTE

•

Reduce common mode interferences by

For voltage rating, wire size and fuse selection, see the

®

VLT

Micro Drive Quick Guide, MG02B.

establishing a low impedance current path to the

®

Micro Drive.

VLT
To ensure optimum EMC performance, use a De-

•

Coupling plate kit (ordering numbers 132B0106
or 132B0107)

44

4.1.17 Dimensions

Illustration 4.34

Frame M1 M2 M3 Unit
w 70 75 90 mm
d 55 65 69 mm
h 190 210 300 mm
h3 230 250 340 mm
w1 40 40 55.6 mm
h1 213 233 323 mm
w2 55 59 69 mm
h2 140 166.5 226 mm
l1 45 38.5 68 mm
l2 7.6 8 9.3 mm
PE M6 M6 M6 metric
Weight 2 3 5 kg

Table 4.8

40 MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

M1 200 V

fsw[kHz]20 64 108 1412

0

10 %

20

%

30 %

40 %

50 %

60 %

70 %

80 %

90 %

100 %

110

%

Iout [%]

16

40 ℃

45 ℃

50 ℃

130BC028.10

M1 400 V

fsw[kHz]20 64 108 1412

0

10 %

20

%

30 %

40 %

50 %

60 %

70 %

80 %

90 %

100 %

110

%

Iout [%]

16

40 ℃

45 ℃

50 ℃

130BC029.10

M2 200 V

fsw[kHz]20 64 108 1412

0

10 %

20

%

30 %

40 %

50 %

60 %

70 %

80 %

90 %

100 %

110

%

Iout [%]

16

40 ℃

45 ℃
50 ℃

130BC030.10

M2 400 V

fsw[kHz]20 64 108 1412

0

10 %

20

%

30 %

40 %

50 %

60 %

70 %

80 %

90 %

100 %

110

%

Iout [%]

16

40 ℃

45 ℃

50 ℃

130BC031.10

M3 200 V

fsw[kHz]20 64 108 1412

0

10 %

20

%

30 %

40 %

50 %

60 %

70 %

80 %

90 %

100 %

110

%

Iout [%]

16

40 ℃

45 ℃

50 ℃

130BC032.10

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4.2 Special Conditions

4.2.1 Purpose of Derating

Purpose of derating must be taken into account when
using the frequency converter at low air pressure (heights),
at low speeds, with long motor cables, cables with a large
cross section or at high ambient temperature. The required
action is described in this section.

4.2.2 Derating for Ambient Temperature

Derating for ambient temperature and IGBT Switching.

Illustration 4.37

The ambient temperature measured over 24 hours should
be at least 5 °C lower than the max. ambient temperature.
If the frequency converter is operated at high ambient
temperature, the continuous output current should be
decreased. The frequency converter has been designed for
operation at max. 50 °C ambient temperature with one
motor size smaller than nominal. Continuous operation at
full load at 50 °C ambient temperature reduces the lifetime
of the frequency converter.

4 4

Illustration 4.38

Illustration 4.35

Illustration 4.39

Illustration 4.36

MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

41

M3 400 V

fsw[kHz]20 64 108 1412

0

10 %

20

%

30 %

40 %

50 %

60 %

70 %

80 %

90 %

100 %

110

%

Iout [%]

16

40 ℃

45 ℃

50 ℃

130BC033.10

M4 400 V

fsw[kHz]20 64 108 1412

0

10 %

20

%

30 %

40 %

50 %

60 %

70 %

80 %

90 %

100 %

110

%

Iout [%]

16

40 ℃

45 ℃
50 ℃

130BC034.10

M5 400 V

fsw[kHz]20 64 108 1412

0

10 %

20

%

30 %

40 %

50 %

60 %

70 %

80 %

90 %

100 %

110

%

Iout [%]

16

40 ℃

45 ℃
50 ℃

130BC035.10

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4.2.3 Derating for Low Air Pressure

The cooling capability of air is decreased at low air
pressure.

For

altitudes above 2000 m, contact Danfoss regarding

PELV.

44

Below 1000 m altitude no de-rating is necessary but above
1000 m the ambient temperature or the maximum output
current should be decreased.
Decrease the output by 1% per 100 m altitude above 1000
m or reduce the max. ambient temperature by 1 degree

Illustration 4.40

per 200 m.

4.2.4 Automatic Adaptations to Ensure

Illustration 4.41

Performance

The frequency converter constantly checks for critical levels
of internal temperature, load current, high voltage on the
intermediate circuit and low motor speeds. As a response
to a critical level, the frequency converter can adjust the
switching frequency and/or change the switching pattern
in order to ensure the performance of the frequency
converter. The capability automatically to reduce the
output current extends the acceptable operating
conditions even further.

4.2.5 Derating for Running at Low Speed

When a motor is connected to a frequency converter, it is
necessary to check that the cooling of the motor is
adequate. The level of heating depends on the load on the
motor, as well as the operating speed and time.

Constant torque applications (CT mode)
A problem may occur at low RPM values in constant
torque applications. In a constant torque application a
motor may over-heat at low speeds due to less cooling air
from the motor integral fan.

Therefore, if the motor is to be run continuously at an RPM
value lower than half of the rated value, the motor must
be supplied with additional air-cooling (or a motor

Illustration 4.42

designed for this type of operation may be used).

An alternative is to reduce the load level of the motor by
choosing a larger motor. However, the design of the

42 MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

frequency converter puts a limit to the motor size.

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

5 How to Order

5.1 Drive Configurator

It is possible to design a frequency converter according to
the application requirements by using the ordering
number system.

Frequency converters can be ordered as standard or with
internal options by using a type code string, that is,

FC051PXXXXXXXXHXXXXXXXSXXX

Use the Internet-based Drive Configurator to configure the
right frequency converter for the right application and
generate the type code string. The Drive Configurator
automatically generates an eight-digit sales number (either
for one product or a project list with several products) to
be delivered to your local sales office.

5 5

The Drive Configurator can be found on: Danfoss
website drives.

5.2.1 FC Identification

The nameplate sticker is located on the top of each
frequency converter and shows the ratings, serial number,
warnings catalog number, and other relevant data for each
unit. See for details, how to read the type code string.

Illustration 5.1 This Example Shows the Nameplate Sticker

MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

43

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

5.3.1 Type Code

Table 5.1

Description Pos Possible choice
Product group 1-3 Adjustable Frequency Converters
Series and product type 4-6 Micro Drive

55

Power size 7-10 0.18-22 kW
Mains voltage 11-12 S2: Single phase 200-240 V AC

2:

Three phase 200-240 V AC

T

T 4: Three phase 380-480 V AC
Enclosure 13-15 IP20/Chassis
RFI filter 16-17 HX: No RFI filter

RFI filter class A1/B

H1:

H3:RFI filter A1/B (reduced cable length*)
Brake 18 B: Brake chopper included (from 1.5 kW and up)

X: No brake chopper included
Display 19 X: No Local Control Panel

N: Numerical Local Control Panel (LCP)

P: Numerical Local Control Panel (LCP) with potentiometer
Coating PCB 20 C: Coated PCB

X. No coated PCB
Mains option 21 X: No mains option
Adaptation A 22 X: No adaptation
Adaptation B 23 X: No adaptation
Software release 24-27 SXXX: Latest release - std. software

Table 5.2 Type Code Description

44 MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

5.4.1 Ordering Numbers

200-240 V 380-480 V

Power [kW] Current [l-nom.] 1 ph. 3 ph. Current [l-nom.] 3 ph.

0.18 1.2 132F 0001

0.25 1.5 132F 0008

0.37 2.2 132F 0002 132F 0009 1.2 132F 0017

0.75 4.2 132F 0003 132F0010 2.2 132F 0018

1.5 6.8 132F 0005 132F0012 3.7 132F 0020

2.2 9.6 132F 0007 132F0014 5.3 132F 0022

3.0 7.2 132F 0024

3.7 15.2 132F 0016

4.0

5.5 12.0 132F 0028

7.5 15.5 132F 0030

11.0 23.0 132F 0058

15.0 31.0 132F 0059

18.5 37.0 132F 0060

22.0 43.0 132F 0061

Micro drives from 1.5 kW and up have built in brake chopper

9.0 132F 0026

5 5

Table 5.3

5.5.1 Options for VLT Micro Drive

Ordering No Description

132B0100 VLT Control Panel LCP 11 w/o potentiometer
132B0101 VLT Control Panel LCP 12 w/o potentiometer
132B0102 Remote Mounting Kit for LCP incl. 3 m cable IP55 with LCP 11, IP21 with LCP 12
132B0103 Nema Type 1 kit for M1 frame
132B0104 Type 1 kit for M2 frame
132B0105 Type 1 kit for M3 frame
132B0106 De-coupling plate kit for M1 and M2 frames
132B0107 De-coupling plate kit for M3 frame
132B0108 IP21 for M1 frame
132B0109 IP21 for M2 frame
132B0110 IP21 for M3 frame
132B0111 DIN rail mounting kit for M1 and M2 frame
132B0120 Type 1 kit for M4 frame
132B0121 Type 1 kit for M5 frame
132B0122 De-coupling plate kit for M4 and M5 frames
130B2522 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0001
130B2522 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0002
130B2533 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0003
130B2525 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0005
130B2530 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0007
130B2523 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0008
130B2523 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0009
130B2523 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0010
130B2526 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0012
130B2531 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0014
130B2527 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0016
130B2523 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0017
130B2523 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0018
130B2524 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0020

MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

45

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Ordering No Description

130B2526 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0022
130B2529 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0024
130B2531 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0026
130B2528 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0028
130B2527 Line Filter MCC 107 for 132F0030

Table 5.4

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

NOTE

Danfoss Line Filters and brake resistors are available upon
request.

55

46 MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

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6 How to Install

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

6.1 Before Starting

6.1.1 Checklist

When unpacking the frequency converter, make sure that

unit is undamaged and complete. Check that the

the
packaging contains the following:

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51

•

Quick Guide

•

Optional: LCP and/or de-coupling plate.

6.2 Side-by-Side Installation

The frequency converter can be mounted side-by-side for
IP 20 rating units and requires 100 mm clearance above
and below for cooling. Regarding surroundings in general,
see 7 Programming.

6 6

Illustration 6.2 Side-by-side Installation

Illustration 6.1 Content of box

6.3 Before Commencing Repair Work

1. Disconnect FC 51 from mains (and external DC
supply,

if present.)

2. Wait for 4 min (M1, M2 and M3) and 15 min (M4
and M5) for discharge of the DC-link. See
Table 2.1.

Disconnect DC bus terminals and brake terminals

3.
(if present).

4. Remove motor cable.

MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

47

B

a A

a A

a A

a A

a A

C

C

C C C

b

B
b

B
b

B
b

B
b

Ø 7mm

M5

M4

M3

M2

M1

Ø 7mm Ø 5.5mm Ø 4.5mm

130BB321.11

Ø 4.5mm

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

6.4 Mechanical Dimensions

A template for drilling can be found on the flap of the
packaging.

66

Illustration 6.3 Mechanical Dimensions

Power [kW] Height [mm] Width [mm]

Frame 1X200-240 V 3X200-240 V 3X380-480 V A

A (incl. decoupling

plate)

Depth 1) [mm]

a B b C kg

Max. Weight

M1 0.18-0.75 0.25-0.75 0.37-0.75 150 205 140.4 70 55 148 1.1
M2 1.5 1.5 1.5-2.2 176 230 166.4 75 59 168 1.6
M3 2.2 2.2-3.7 3.0-7.5 239 294 226 90 69 194 3.0
M4 11.0-15.0 292 347.5 272.4 125 97 241 6.0
M5 18.5-22.0 335 387.5 315 165 140 248 9.5

1)

For LCP with potentiometer, add 7.6 mm.

Table 6.1 Mechanical Dimensions

48 MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

6.5 Electrical Installation in General

NOTE

All cabling must
regulations on cable cross-sections and ambient
temperature. Copper conductors required, (60-75 °
recommended.

Frame 1x200-240 V 3x200-240 V 3x380-480 V Line Motor DC connection/Brake Control Terminals Earth Relay

M1 0.18-0.75 0.25-0.75 0.37-0.75 1.4 0.7
M2 1.5 1.5 1.5-2.2 1.4 0.7
M3 2.2 2.2-3.7 3.0-7.5 1.4 0.7
M4 11.0-15.0 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.15 3 0.5
M5 18.5-22.0 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.15 3 0.5

1)

Spade connectors (6.3 mm Faston plugs)

Table 6.2 Tightening of Terminals

comply with national and local

[kW] Torque [Nm]

Power

C)

Spade
Spade
Spade

1)

1)

1)

0.15 3 0.5

0.15 3 0.5

0.15 3 0.5

6 6

MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

49

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

6.6 Fuses

Overcurrent protection
Provide overload protection to avoid overheating of the

Branch circuit protection
To protect the installation against electrical and fire hazard,
all branch circuits in an installation, switch gear, machines
etc., must be short-circuited and overcurrent protected
according to national/international regulations.

Short circuit protection
Danfoss recommends using the fuses mentioned in the
following tables to protect service personnel or other
equipment in case of an internal failure in the unit or
short-circuit on DC-link. The frequency converter provides
full short circuit protection in case of a short-circuit on the
motor or brake output.

cables in the installation. Overcurrent protection must
always be carried out according to national regulations.
Fuses must be designed for protection in a circuit capable
of supplying a maximum of 100,000 A

(symmetrical),

rms

480 V maximum.

Non UL compliance
If UL/cUL is not to be complied with, Danfoss recommends
using the fuses mentioned in Table 6.3
compliance

with EN50178/IEC61800-5-1:

, which ensures

In case of malfunction, not following the fuse recommen­dation may result in damage to the frequency converter
and the installation.

66

Max. Fuses UL

FC 51

1X200-240 V
kW Type RK1 Type J Type T Type RK1 Type CC Type RK1 Type gG
0K18-0K37 KTN-R15 JKS-15 JJN-15 KLN-R15 ATM-R15 A2K-15R 16A
0K75 KTN-R25 JKS-25 JJN-25 KLN-R25 ATM-R25 A2K-25R 25A
1K5 KTN-R35 JKS-35 JJN-35 KLN-R35 - A2K-35R 35A
2K2 KTN-R50 JKS-50 JJN-50 KLN-R50 - A2K-50R 50A
3x200-240 V
0K25 KTN-R10 JKS-10 JJN-10 KLN-R10 ATM-R10 A2K-10R 10A
0K37 KTN-R15 JKS-15 JJN-15 KLN-R15 ATM-R15 A2K-15R 16A
0K75 KTN-R20 JKS-20 JJN-20 KLN-R20 ATM-R20 A2K-20R 20A
1K5 KTN-R25 JKS-25 JJN-25 KLN-R25 ATM-R25 A2K-25R 25A
2K2 KTN-R40 JKS-40 JJN-40 KLN-R40 ATM-R40 A2K-40R 40A
3K7 KTN-R40 JKS-40 JJN-40 KLN-R40 - A2K-40R 40A
3x380-480 V
0K37-0K75 KTS-R10 JKS-10 JJS-10 KLS-R10 ATM-R10 A6K-10R 10A
1K5 KTS-R15 JKS-15 JJS-15 KLS-R15 ATM-R15 A2K-15R 16A
2K2 KTS-R20 JKS-20 JJS-20 KLS-R20 ATM-R20 A6K-20R 20A
3K0 KTS-R40 JKS-40 JJS-40 KLS-R40 ATM-R40 A6K405R 40A
4K0 KTS-R40 JKS-40 JJS-40 KLS-R40 ATM-R40 A6K-40R 40A
5K5 KTS-R40 JKS-40 JJS-40 KLS-R40 - A6K-40R 40A
7K5 KTS-R40 JKS-40 JJS-40 KLS-R40 - A6K-40R 40A
11K0 KTS-R60 JKS-60 JJS-60 KLS-R60 - A6K-60R 63A
15K0 KTS-R60 JKS-60 JJS-60 KLS-R60 - A6K-60R 63A
18K5 KTS-R60 JKS-60 JJS-60 KLS-R60 - A6K-60R 80A
22K0 KTS-R60 JKS-60 JJS-60 KLS-R60 - A6K-60R 80A

Bussmann Bussmann Bussmann Littel fuse

Ferraz-

Shawmut

Ferraz-

Shawmut

Max. fuses non
UL

Table 6.3 Fuses

50 MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

6.7 Mains Connection

Step 1: Mount earth cable.

Step 2: Mount wires in terminals L1/L, L2 and L3/N and
tighten.

Illustration 6.6 Star and Delta Connections

Step 1: Mount the earth cable.

Illustration 6.4 Mounting of Earth Cable and Mains Wires

For 3-phase connection, connect wires to all three
terminals.

single-phase connection, connect wires to terminals

For
L1/L and L3/N.

Illustration 6.5 Three-phase and Single-phase Wire Connections

6.8 Motor Connection

6.8.1 How to Connect the Motor

See 9 Specifications for correct dimensioning of motor
cable cross-section and length.

Step 2: Connect wires to terminals either in star or delta­connection. See motor nameplate for further information.

Illustration 6.7 Mounting of Earth Cable and Motor Wires

For EMC correct installation, use optional de-coupling
plate, see

5.2

Options for VLT Micro Drive

.

6 6

Use a shielded/armored motor cable to comply

•

with EMC emission specifications, and connect
this cable to both the decoupling plate and the
motor metal.

Keep motor cable as short as possible to reduce

•

the noise level and leakage currents.

For further details on mounting of the decoupling plate,
see instruction MI02B.

All

types of three-phased asynchronous standard motors
can be connected to the frequency converter. Normally,
small motors are star-connected (230/400 V, Δ/Y). Large
motors are delta-connected (400/690 V, Δ/Y). Refer to
motor nameplate for correct connection and voltage.

MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

Illustration 6.8 Frequency Converter with De-coupling Plate

6.8.2 Motor Cables

See 9 Specifications for maximum dimensioning of motor
cable cross-section and length.

Use a screened/armoured motor cable to comply

•

with EMC emission specifications.
Keep the motor cable as short as possible to

•

reduce the noise level and leakage currents.

51

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

Connect the motor cable screen to both the de-

•

coupling plate of the frequency converter and to
the metal cabinet of the motor.

Make the screen connections with the largest

•

possible surface area (cable clamp). This is done
by using the supplied installation devices in the
frequency converter.

Avoid mounting with twisted screen ends

•

(pigtails), which spoils high frequency screening
effects.

If it is necessary to split the screen to install a

•

motor isolator or motor relay, the screen must be
continued with the lowest possible HF
impedance.

Aluminium conductors
Aluminium conductors are not recommended. Terminals
can accept aluminium conductors but the conductor
surface has to be clean and the oxidation must be
removed and sealed by neutral acid free Vaseline grease
before the conductor is connected.
Furthermore, the terminal screw must be retightened after
two days due to the softness of the aluminium. It is crucial
to keep the connection a gas tight joint, otherwise the
aluminium surface will oxidize again.

6.8.4 EMC-Correct Electrical Installation

General points to be observed to ensure EMC-correct
electrical installation.

66

6.8.3 Electrical Installation of Motor Cables

Screening of cables
Avoid installation with twisted screen ends (pigtails). They
spoil the screening effect at higher frequencies.
If it is necessary to break the screen to install a motor
isolator or motor contactor, the screen must be continued
at the lowest possible HF impedance.

Cable length and cross-section
The frequency converter has been tested with a given
length of cable and a given cross-section of that cable. If
the cross-section is increased, the cable capacitance - and
thus the leakage current - may increase, and the cable
length must be reduced correspondingly.

Switching frequency
When frequency converters are used together with Sine­wave filters to reduce the acoustic noise from a motor, the
switching frequency must be set according to the Sine­wave filter instruction in 14-01 Switching Frequency.

Use only screened/armoured motor cables and

•

screened/armoured control cables.
Connect the screen to earth at both ends.

•

Avoid installation with twisted screen ends

•

(pigtails), since this ruins the screening effect at
high frequencies. Use the cable clamps provided
instead.

It is important to ensure good electrical contact

•

from the installation plate through the installation
screws to the metal cabinet of the frequency
converter.

Use starwashers and galvanically conductive

•

installation plates.
Do not use unscreened/unarmoured motor cables

•

in the installation cabinets.

52 MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

L1

L2

L3

PE

Min. 16 mm

2

Equalizing cable

Control cables

All cable entries in

one side of panel

Earthing rail

Cable insula­tion stripped

Output con­tactor etc.

Motor cable

Motor, 3 phases and

PLC etc.

Panel

Mains-supply

Min. 200mm
between control
cable, mains cable
and between mains
motor cable

PLC

Protective earth

Reinforced protective earth

130BB965.10

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

6 6

Illustration 6.9 EMC-correct Electrical Installation

NOTE

For North America use metal conduits instead of shielded
cables.

MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

53

175ZA166.13

0,01 0,1 1 10 100 MHz

10

10

10

1

10

10

10

10

10

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

The lower the Z the better the cable screening performance

Transfer impedance, Z

t

mOhm/m

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

6.9.1 Use of EMC-Correct Cables

Transfer impedance (ZT)

can be assessed on the basis of

the following factors:

Danfoss recommends braided screened/armoured cables to
optimise EMC immunity of the control cables and the EMC
emission from the motor cables.

The ability of a cable to reduce the in- and outgoing
radiation of electric noise depends on the transfer
impedance (ZT). The screen of a cable is normally designed
to reduce the transfer of electric noise; however, a screen
with a lower transfer impedance (ZT) value is more
effective than a screen with a higher transfer impedance
(ZT).

- The conductibility of the screen material.

- The contact resistance between the individual
screen conductors.

- The screen coverage, that is, the physical area of
the cable covered by the screen - often stated as
a percentage value.

- Screen type, that is, braided or twisted pattern.

a. Aluminium-clad with copper wire.
b. Twisted copper wire or armoured steel wire cable.
c. Single-layer braided copper wire with varying

66

turers but it is often possible to estimate transfer
impedance (ZT) by assessing the physical design of the
cable.

Transfer impedance (ZT) is rarely stated by cable manufac-

percentage screen coverage.
This is the typical Danfoss reference cable.

d. Double-layer braided copper wire.
e. Twin layer of braided copper wire with a

magnetic, screened/armoured intermediate layer.

f. Cable that runs in copper tube or steel tube.

g. Lead cable with 1.1 mm wall thickness.

54 MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

Illustration 6.10

PE

FC

PE

130BA051.11

PE PE

FC

PE PE

FC

100nF

PE

FC

69

FC

PE PE

PE

68

61

68

69

FC

PE

a

b

c

d

e

PLC etc.

PLC etc.

PLC etc.

PLC etc.

Equalizing cable

Min. 16mm

2

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

6.10.1 Earthing of Screened/Armoured
Control Cables

Generally
screened/armoured and the screen must be connected
with a cable clamp at both ends to the metal cabinet of
the unit.

Illustration 6.11 indicates how correct earthing is carried
out and what to do if in doubt.

a. Correct earthing

b. Wrong earthing

c. Protection with respect to earth potential

d. For 50/60 Hz earth loops

e. Cables for serial communication

speaking, control cables must be braided

Control cables and cables for serial communi­cation must be fitted with cable clamps at both
ends to ensure the best possible electrical
contact.

Do not use twisted cable ends (pigtails). They
increase the screen impedance at high
frequencies.

between PLC and frequency converter
If the earth potential between the frequency
converter and the PLC (etc.) is different, electric
noise may occur that disturbs the entire system.
Solve this problem by fitting an equalising cable,
next to the control cable. Minimum cable cross­section: 16 mm 2.

If very long control cables are used, 50/60 Hz
earth loops may occur. Solve this problem by
connecting one end of the screen to earth via a
100 nF capacitor (keeping leads short).

Eliminate low-frequency noise currents between
two frequency converters by connecting one end
of the screen to terminal 61. This terminal is
connected to earth via an internal RC link. Use
twisted-pair cables to reduce the differential
mode interference between the conductors.

6 6

Illustration 6.11

6.11 Residual Current Device

Use RCD relays, multiple protective earthing or earthing as
extra protection, if local safety regulations are complied
with.
If an earth fault appears, a DC content may develop in the
faulty current.
If RCD relays are used, local regulations must be observed.
Relays must be suitable for protection of 3-phase
equipment with a bridge rectifier and for a brief discharge

MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

on power-up see section 3.4 Earth Leakage Current for
further information.

55

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

6.12 Electrical Overview

6.12.1 Power Circuit - Overview

66

Illustration 6.12 Diagram Showing all Electrical Terminals

* Brake (BR+ and BR-) are not applicable for frame M1.

Brake resistors are available from Danfoss.

56 MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

Improved power factor and EMC performance can be
achieved by installing optional Danfoss line filters.
Danfoss power filters can also be used for load sharing.

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

6.13 Electrical Installation and Control Cables

Terminal number Terminal description Parameter number Factory default
1+2+3 Terminal 1+2+3 - Relay1 5-40 No operation
12 Terminal 12 Supply - +24 V DC
18 Terminal 18 Digital Input 5-10 Start
19 Terminal 19 Digital Input 5-11 Reversing
20 Terminal 20 Common Digital Ground - Common
27 Terminal 27 Digital Input 5-12 Reset
29 Terminal 29 Digital Input 5-13 Jog
33 Terminal 33 Digital Input 5-15 Preset ref bit 0

42

50 Terminal 50 Supply for Analog Input - +10 V DC

53

55 Terminal 55 Common Analog Ground - Common
60 Terminal 60 Current Input 3-16/6-2* Reference

Terminal 42 Analog Output/Digital

Output

Terminal 53 Analog Input (Voltage or

Current)

6-9* No operation

3-15/6-1* Reference

6 6

Table 6.4 Terminal Connections

Very long control cables and analog signals may, in rare
cases and depending on installation, result in 50/60 Hz
earth loops due to noise from mains supply cables.

If this occurs, break the screen or insert a 100 nF capacitor
between screen and chassis.

NOTE

The common of
be connected to separate common terminals 20, 39, and

55. This avoids ground current interference among groups.

For example, it avoids switching on digital inputs
disturbing analog inputs.

digital/analog inputs and outputs should

NOTE

Control cables must be screened/armoured.

6.14 Control Terminals

6.14.1 Access to Control Terminals

All control cable terminals are located underneath the
terminal cover in front of the frequency converter. Remove
the terminal cover using a screwdriver.

Illustration 6.13 Removing Terminal Cover

NOTE

back of terminal cover for outlines of control terminals

See
and switches.

MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

57

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

6.14.2 Connecting to Control Terminals

Illustration 6.14
converter. Applying Start (term. 18) and an analog
reference (term. 53 or 60) make the frequency converter.
run.

shows all control terminals of the frequency

Illustration 6.16 S200 Switches 1-4.

NOTE

Parameter 6-19 must be set according to Switch 4 position.

66

Illustration 6.14 Overview of Control Terminals in PNP-configu­ration and Factory Setting.

6.15 Switches

NOTE

Do not operate switches with power on the frequency
converter.

Bus termination:
Switch BUS TER position ON terminates the RS-485 port,
terminals 68, 69. See Illustration 6.12.

6.16 Final Set-Up and Test

To test the set-up and ensure that the frequency converter.
is running, follow these steps.

Step 1. Locate the motor name plate

Δ

The motor is either star- (Y) or delta-connected (
information is located on the motor name plate data.

Step 2. Enter the motor name plate data in this parameter
list.
To access this list first press the [Quick Menu] key then
select “Q2 Quick Setup”.

). This

Default

setting = Off.

Illustration 6.15 S640 Bus Termination

S200 Switches 1-4:

Switch 1 *OFF=PNP terminals 29

ON=NPN terminals 29

Switch 2 *OFF=PNP terminal 18, 19, 27 and 33

ON=NPN terminal 18, 19, 27 and 33
Switch 3 No function
Switch 4 *OFF=Terminal 53 0-10 V

ON=Terminal
*=default setting

Table 6.5 Settings for S200 Switches 1-4

53 0/4-20 mA

1. Motor Power [kW]
or Motor Power [HP]

2. Motor Voltage 1-22 Motor Voltage

3. Motor Frequency 1-23 Motor Frequency

4. Motor Current 1-24 Motor Current

5. Motor Nominal Speed 1-25 Motor Nominal

Table 6.6

1-20 Motor Power [kW]
1-21 Motor Power [HP]

Speed

58 MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

3~ MOTOR NR. 1827421 2003

S/E005A9

1,5 KW

n 31,5 /min. 400 Y V

n 1400 /min. 50 Hz

COS  0,80 3,6 A

1,7L

B IP 65 H1/1A

BAUER D-7 3734 ESLINGEN

130BT307.10

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

Stop the AMT during operation

Press [Off] - the frequency converter enters into

1.
alarm mode and the display shows that the AMT
was terminated by the user.

Successful AMT

1. The display shows “Press [Ok] to finish AMT”.

2. Press the [Ok] key to exit the AMT state.

Unsuccessful AMT

1. The frequency converter enters into alarm mode.
A description of the alarm can be found in the

Troubleshooting section in VLT Micro Drive FC 51
Programming Guide, MG02C.

2.

"Report Value” in the [Alarm Log] shows the last
measuring sequence carried out by the AMT,
before the frequency converter entered alarm
mode. This number along with the description of
the alarm assists in troubleshooting. Contact
Danfoss Service and make sure to mention
number and alarm description.

Unsuccessful AMT is often caused by incorrectly registered
motor name plate data or too big difference between the
motor power size and the frequency converter power size.

6 6

Illustration 6.17

Step 3. Activate the Automatic Motor Tuning (AMT)
Performing an AMT ensures optimum performance. The
AMT measures the values from the motor model
equivalent diagram.

1. Connect terminal 27 to terminal 12 or set

5-12 Terminal 27 Digital Input to 'No function'
(5-12 Terminal 27 Digital Input

2.

Activate the AMT 1-29 Automatic Motor
Adaptation (AMA).

3. Choose between complete or reduced AMT. If an
LC filter is mounted, run only the reduced AMT,
or remove the LC filter during the AMT
procedure.

4. Press [Ok]. The display shows “Press [Hand On] to
start”.

5. Press [Hand On]. A progress bar indicates if the
AMT is in progress.

[0])

Step 4. Set speed limit and ramp time

Set-up the desired limits for speed and ramp time.

Minimum Reference
Maximum Reference

Table 6.7

Motor Speed Low Limit

Motor Speed High Limit

Table 6.8

Ramp-up Time 1 [s]
Ramp-down Time 1 [s]

Table 6.9

3-02 Minimum Reference
3-03 Maximum Reference

4-11 Motor Speed Low Limit

or 4-12 Motor Speed Low

[RPM]
Limit [Hz]
4-13 Motor Speed High Limit
[RPM] or 4-14 Motor Speed High
Limit [Hz]

3-41 Ramp 1 Ramp Up Time
3-42 Ramp 1 Ramp Down Time

MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

59

LC filter

130BC013.10

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

6.17 Parallel Connection of Motors

The frequency converter can control several parallel­connected motors. The total current consumption of the
motors must not exceed the rated output current I
the frequency converter.

When motors are connected in parallel, 1-29 Automatic
Motor Tuning (AMT) cannot be used.

Problems may arise at start and at low RPM values if motor
sizes are widely different because small motors' relatively
high ohmic resistance in the stator calls for a higher
voltage at start and at low RPM values.

INV

for

66

The electronic thermal relay () of the frequency converter
cannot be used as motor protection for the individual
motor of systems with parallel-connected motors. Provide
further motor protection by for example, thermistors in
each motor or individual thermal relays. (Circuit breakers
are not suitable as protection).

Illustration 6.18

60 MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

130BC011.10

68 69 68 69 68 69

RS 485

RS 232
USB

+

-

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

6.18 Motor Installation

6.18.1 Motor Insulation

For motor cable lengths ≤
listed in 9.1 Specifications, the following motor insulation
ratings are recommended because the peak voltage can be
up to twice the DC link voltage, 2.8 times the mains
voltage, due to transmission line effects in the motor
cable. If a motor has lower insulation rating it
recommended to use a dU/dt or sine wave filter.

Nominal Mains Voltage Motor Insulation
UN≤420 V
420 V<UN≤500 V Reinforced ULL=1600 V
500 V<UN≤600 V Reinforced ULL=1800 V
600 V<UN≤690 V Reinforced ULL=2000 V

Table 6.10

the maximum cable length

Standard ULL=1300 V

6.19 Installation of Misc. Connections

6.19.1 RS-485 Bus Connection

One or more frequency converters can be connected to a
control (or master) using the RS-485 standardized interface.
Terminal 68 is connected to the P signal (TX+, RX+), while
terminal 69 is connected to the N signal (TX-,RX-).

If more than one frequency converter is connected to a
master, use parallel connections.

Communication

6.19.2

How to Connect a PC to the

protocol must be set to 8-30 Protocol

.

Frequency Converter

To control or program the frequency converter from a PC,
install the PC-based Configuration Tool MCT 10 Set-up
Software.

MCT 10 Set-up Software
MCT 10 Set-up Software has been designed as an easy to
use interactive tool for setting parameters in our frequency
converters.
The PC-based Configuration Tool MCT 10 Set-up Software
will be useful for:

Planning a communication network off-line. MCT

•

10 Set-up Software contains a complete
frequency converter database

Commissioning frequency converters on line

•

Saving settings for all frequency converters

•

Replacing a frequency converter in a network

•

Expanding an existing network

•

Future developed frequency converters will be

•

supported

Save Drive Settings

1. Connect a PC to the unit via USB com port

2. Open PC-based Configuration Tool MCT 10 Set-up
Software

3. Choose “Read from drive”

4. Choose “Save as”

All parameters are now stored in the PC.

6 6

Illustration 6.19

In order to avoid potential equalizing currents in the
screen, earth the cable screen via terminal 61, which is
connected to the frame via an RC-link.

Bus termination
The RS-485 bus must be terminated by a resistor network
at both ends. For this purpose, set switch S801 on the
control card for "ON".
For more information, see the paragraph Switches S201,
S202, and S801.

MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

Load Drive Settings

1. Connect a PC to the unit via USB com port

2. Open PC-based Configuration Tool MCT 10 Set-up
Software

3. Choose “Open”– stored files is shown

4. Open the appropriate file

5. Choose “Write to drive”

All parameter settings are now transferred to the
frequency converter.

A separate manual for PC-based Configuration Tool MCT
10 Set-up Software is available.

61

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The PC-based Configuration Tool MCT 10 Set-up Software
modules
The following modules
package:

MCT 10 Set-up Software
Setting parameters
Copy to and from frequency converters
Documentation and print out of parameter
settings incl. diagrams

Ext. User Interface
Preventive Maintenance Schedule
Clock settings
Timed Action Programming

66

Table 6.11

Ordering number:
Please order the CD containing the PC-based Configuration
Tool MCT 10 Set-up Software using code number
130B1000.

MCT 10 Set-up Software can also be downloaded from the
DanfossInternet: Danfoss website /BusinessAreas/DrivesSo-
lutions/Softwaredownload/DDPC+Software+Program.htm.

Smart Logic Controller Set-up

are included in the software

6.20.2 Safety Earth Connection

The frequency converter has a high leakage current and
must be earthed appropriately for safety reasons according
to EN 50178.

WARNING

The earth leakage current from the frequency converter
exceeds 3.5 mA. To ensure a good mechanical connection
from the earth cable to the earth connection (terminal 95),
the cable cross-section must be at least 10 mm2 or 2 rated
earth wires terminated separately.

6.20 Safety

6.20.1 High Voltage Test

Carry out a high voltage test by short-circuiting terminals
U, V, W, L1, L2 and L3. Energize maximum 2.15 kV DC for
380-500 V frequency converters and 2.525 kV DC for
525-690 V frequency converters for one second between
this short-circuit and the chassis.

WARNING

When running high voltage tests of the entire installation,
interrupt the mains and motor connection if the leakage
currents are too high.
Failure to follow recommendations could result in death or
serious injury.

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7 Programming

7.1 How to Programme

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

7.1.1 Programming with MCT 10 Set-up
Software

The frequency converter can be programmed from a PC
via RS-485 com-port by installing the MCT 10 Set-up
Software.

This software can either be ordered using code number
130B1000 or downloaded from the Danfoss Web site: /

BusinessAreas/DrivesSolutions/software-download

Refer to VLT
MG10R.

®

Motion Control Tools, Operating Instructions,

7.1.2 Programming with the LCP 11 or LCP
12

The LCP is divided into four functional groups:

1. Numeric display.

2. Menu key.

3. Navigation keys.

4. Operation keys and indicator lights (LEDs).

The display
Different information can be read from the display.

Set-up number shows the active set-up and the edit set­up. If the same set-up acts as both active and edit set-up,
only that set-up number is shown (factory setting).
When active and edit set-up differ, both numbers are
shown in the display (Set-up 12). The number flashing,
indicates the edit set-up.

7 7

Illustration 7.3 Indicating Set-up

The small digits to the left are the selected parameter
number.

Illustration 7.1 LCP 12 with Potentiometer

Illustration 7.2 LCP 11 without Potentiometer

Illustration 7.4 Indicating Selected Parameter Number

The large digits in the middle of the display show the

of the selected parameter.

value

Illustration 7.5 Indicating Value of Selected Parameter

The right side of the display shows the unit of the selected
parameter. This can be either Hz, A, V, kW, HP, %, s or
RPM.

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Illustration 7.6 Indicating Unit of Selected Parameter

Motor direction is shown to the bottom left of the display

- indicated by a small arrow pointing either clockwise or

counterclockwise.

77

Illustration 7.7 Indicating Motor Direction

Press the [Menu] key to select one of the following menus

Status Menu
The Status Menu is either in Readout Mode or Hand on
Mode. In Readout
readout parameter is shown in the display.

Mode the value of the currently selected

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

Pressing [Ok] for more than 1 s enters 'Adjust' mode. In

mode, it is possible to make fast adjustment by

'Adjust'
pressing [▲]

Press [▲] [▼] to change value. Press [Ok] to shift between
digits quickly.

To exit 'Adjust' mode, press [Ok] more than 1 s again with
changes saving or press [Back] without changes saving.

Operation Keys
A yellow light above the operation keys indicates the
active key.
[Hand On]: Starts the motor and enables control of the
frequency converter via the LCP.
[Off/Reset]: The motor stops except in alarm mode. In that
case the motor will be reset.
[Auto On]: The frequency converter is controlled either via
control terminals or serial communication.
[Potentiometer] (LCP 12): The potentiometer works in two
ways depending on the mode in which the frequency
converter is running.
In Auto Mode the potentiometer acts as an extra
programmable analog input.
In Hand on Mode the potentiometer controls local
reference.

[▼] combined with [Ok].

In Hand on Mode the local LCP reference is displayed.

Quick Menu
Displays Quick Menu parameters and their settings.
Parameters in the Quick Menu can be accessed and edited
from here. Most applications can be run by setting the
parameters in the Quick Menus.

Main Menu
Displays Main Menu parameters and their settings. All
parameters can be accessed and edited here.

Indicator lights

Green LED: The frequency converter is on.

•

Yellow LED: Indicates a warning. See Section

•

Troubleshooting in VLT Micro Drive FC 51
Programming Guide, MG02C.

Flashing red LED: Indicates an alarm. See Section

•

Troubleshooting in VLT Micro Drive FC 51
Programming Guide, MG02C.

Navigation Keys
[Back]: For moving to the previous step or layer in the
navigation structure.

[▲] [▼]: For maneuvering between parameter groups,
parameters and within parameters.
[Ok]: For selecting a parameter and for accepting changes
to parameter settings.

7.2 Status Menu

After power up the Status Menu is active. Press [Menu] to
toggle between Status, Quick Menu and Main Menu.

[▲] and [▼] toggles between the choices in each menu.

The display indicates the status mode with a small arrow
above “Status”.

Illustration 7.8 Indicating Status Mode

7.3 Quick Menu

The Quick Menu gives easy access to the most frequently
used

parameters.

1. To enter the Quick Menu, press [Menu] key until

indicator in display is placed above Quick Menu.

2.

[▲] [▼] to select either QM1 or QM2, then

Press
press [Ok].

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3.

Press [▲] [▼]

to browse through the parameters

in the Quick Menu.

4. Press [Ok] to select a parameter.

5.

Press [▲] [▼] to change the value of a parameter
setting.

6. Press [Ok] to accept the change.

7.

To exit, press either [Back] twice to enter Status

press [Menu] once to enter Main Menu.

or

Illustration 7.9 Indicating Quick Menu Mode

,

7.4 Quick Menu Parameters

7.4.1 Quick Menu Parameters - Basic
Settings

Below are descriptions of all parameters found in the Quick
Menu.

＊=Factory setting.

1-20 Motor Power [kW]/[HP] (P

Option: Function:

[1] 0.09 kW/0.12 HP
[2] 0.12 kW/0.16 HP
[3] 0.18kW/0.25 HP
[4] 0.25 kW/0.33 HP
[5] 0.37kW/0.50 HP
[6] 0.55 kW/0.75 HP
[7] 0.75 kW/1.00 HP
[8] 1.10 kW/1.50 HP
[9] 1.50 kW/2.00 HP
[10] 2.20 kW/3.00 HP
[11] 3.00 kW/4.00 HP
[12] 3.70 kW/5.00 HP
[13] 4.00 kW/5.40 HP
[14] 5.50 kW/7.50 HP
[15] 7.50 kW/10.0 HP
[16] 11.00 kW/15.00 HP
[17] 15.00 kW/20.00 HP
[18] 18.50 kW/25.00 HP
[19] 22.00 kW/29.50 HP
[20] 30.00 kW/40.00 HP

QM1

)

m.n

Enter motor power from nameplate
data.
Two sizes down, one size up from
nominal VLT rating.

NOTE

Changing this parameter
1-30, 1-33 and 1-35.

1-22 Motor Voltage (U_

Range: Function:

230/400 V [50-999 V] Enter motor voltage from nameplate

1-23 Motor Frequency (f_

Range: Function:

50 Hz* [20-400 Hz] Enter motor frequency from nameplate

1-24 Motor Current (I_

Range: Function:

M-type dependent* [0.01-100.00 A] Enter motor current from

1-25 Motor Nominal Speed (n_

Range: Function:

M-type Dependent* [100-9999 RPM] Enter motor nominal

1-29 Automatic Motor Tuning (AMT)

Option: Function:

Use AMT to optimize motor performance.

affects parameter 1-22 to 1-25,

)

m.n

data.

)

m.n

data.

)

m.n

nameplate

)

m.n

speed from nameplate
data.

data.

NOTE

This parameter cannot
motor runs.

1. Stop the frequency converter - make
sure motor is at standstill

2.

Choose [2] Enable AMT

3. Apply start signal

- Via LCP: Press [Hand On]

- Or in Remote On mode: Apply start
signal on terminal 18

[0] * Off AMT function is disabled.
[2] Enable

AMT

AMT function starts running.

NOTE

To gain optimum tuning of the frequency
converter, run AMT on a cold motor.

3-02 Minimum Reference

Range: Function:

0.00* [-4999-4999] Enter value for minimum reference.
The sum of
references are clamped (limited) to the
minimum reference value, 3-02 Minimum

Reference

all internal and external

.

be changed while

7 7

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3-03 Maximum Reference

Range: Function:

Maximum Reference is adjustable in the

-4999.

50.00

range Minimum Reference

[-4999-4999] Enter value for Maximum Reference.

*

The sum of all internal and external
references are clamped (limited) to the
maximum reference value, 3-03 Maximum
Reference.

3-41 Ramp1 Ramp-up Time

Range: Function:

Size
related*

77

[0.05-3600.00 s] Enter ramp-up time from 0 Hz to

rated motor frequency (f
in 1-23 Motor Frequency.

a ramp-up time ensuring

Choose
that torque limit is not exceeded,
see 4-16 Torque Limit in Motor
Mode.

M,N

) set

3-42 Ramp1 Ramp-down Time

Range: Function:

Size
related*

[0.05-3600.00s]Enter ramp down time from rated

motor frequency (f
Motor Frequency to 0 Hz.
Choose a ramp down time that
does not cause over-voltage in
inverter due to regenerative
operation of motor. Furthermore,
regenerative torque must not
exceed limit set in 4-17 Torque
Limit in Generator Mode.

) in 1-23

M,N

7.4.2 Quick Menu Parameters - PI Basic
Settings QM2

The following is a brief description of the parameters for
the PI Basic Settings. For a more detailed description, see

®

VLT

Micro Drive Programming Guide, MG02C.

1-00 Configuration Mode

Option: Function:

[3] Process

Closed
Loop

Enables process closed loop control. See
parameter group
further information on PI-controller.

7-3* Process PI Control for

3-02 Minimum Reference

Range: Function:

0.00* [-4999-4999] Enter value for minimum reference.
The sum of all internal and external
references are clamped (limited) to the
minimum reference value, 3-02 Minimum
Reference.

3-03 Maximum Reference

Range: Function:

Maximum Reference is adjustable in the
range Minimum Reference -4999.

50.00*

[-4999-4999] Enter value for Maximum Reference.

The sum of all internal and external
references are clamped (limited) to the
maximum reference value, 3-03 Maximum
Reference.

3-10 Preset Reference

Option: Function:

Each parameter set-up contains 8 preset
references which are selectable via 3
digital inputs or bus.

[18]
Bit2

0 0 0 0
0 0 1 1
0 1 0 2
0 1 1 3
1 0 0 4
1 0 1 5
1 1 0 6
1 1 1 7

[17]
Bit1

[16]
Bit0

[16]
Bit0

1-00 Configuration Mode

Option: Function:

Use this parameter for selecting the
application control principle to be used when
a Remote Reference is active.

NOTE

Changing this parameter will reset 3-00
Reference Range, 3-02
and 3-03 Maximum Reference to their
default values.

NOTE

parameter cannot be adjusted

This
while motor runs.

[0 ] * Speed

Open Loop

For normal speed control (References).

[0.00]*-100.00-100.00% Enter the different preset references

Minimum Reference

Table 7.1 Parameter Group 5-1* Digital
Inputs Option [16], [17] and [18]

using array programming.
Normally, 100%=value set in 3-03

Maximum Reference

However,
Reference Range is set to [0] Min - Max.
Example 1:

3-02 Minimum Reference is set to 20 and
3-03 Maximum Reference is set to 50. In

this case 0%=0 and 100%=50.
Example 2:

there are exceptions if 3-00

.

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3-10 Preset Reference

Option: Function:

3-02 Minimum Reference
and 3-03 Maximum Reference is set to

50. In this case 0%=0 and 100%=70.

is set to -70

4-12 Motor Speed Low Limit

Range: Function:

0.0 Hz* [0.0-400.0 Hz]

Set the Minimum Motor Speed Limit
corresponding to the minimum output
frequency of the motor shaft.

NOTE

As the minimum output frequency
is an absolute value, it cannot be
deviated from.

4-14 Motor Speed High Limit

Range: Function:

65.0 Hz* [0.0-400.0 Hz]

Set the Maximum Motor Speed
corresponding to the maximum output
frequency of the motor shaft.

NOTE

As the maximum output frequency
is an absolute value, it cannot be
deviated from.

6-22 Terminal 60 Low Current

Range: Function:

This reference signal should
correspond to minimum reference
value set in 6-24 Terminal 60 Low

Ref./Feedb. Value

0.14

mA* [0.00-19.90 mA] Enter low current value.

.

CAUTION

The value must be set to min. 2 mA in order to activate
the Live Zero Timeout function in 6-01 Live Zero Timeout
Time.

6-25 Terminal 60 High Ref./Feedb. Value

Range: Function:

The scaling value corresponding to the
high current set in 6-23 Terminal 60 High

.

Current

50.00

* [-4999-4999] Enter analog input scaling value.

6-26 Terminal 60 Filter Time Constant

Range: Function:

A first-order digital low pass filter time
constant for suppressing electrical noise
in terminal 60. A high time constant
value improves dampening, but also
increases time delay through the filter.

NOTE

This parameter cannot be changed
while motor runs.

0.01 s*

[0] * No Function
[1] Analog Input 53
[2] Analog Input 60
[8] Pulse Input 33
[11] Local Bus Ref.

[0] * Normal Feedback larger than setpoint result in a speed

[1] Inverse Feedback larger than setpoint result in a speed

[0.01-10.00 s] Enter time constant.

7-20 Process CL Feedback Resources

Option: Function:

Select input to function as feedback
signal.

7-30 Process PI Normal/Inverse Control

Option: Function:

reduction.
Feedback
increase.

increase.
Feedback less than setpoint result in a speed
reduction.

less than setpoint result in a speed

7 7

6-23 Terminal 60 High Current

Range: Function:

This reference signal should
correspond to the high current
value set in 6-25 Terminal 60 High
Ref./Feedb. Value.

20.00 mA* [0.10-20.00 mA] Enter high current value.

6-24 Terminal 60 Low Ref./Feedb. Value

Range: Function:

The scaling value corresponding to the

current set in 6-22 Terminal 60 Low

low
Current.

0.000

* [-4999-4999] Enter analog input scaling value.

MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

7-31 Process PI Anti Windup

Option: Function:

[0] Disable Regulation of a given error will continue even

the output frequency cannot be increased/

when
decreased.

[1] * Enable PI-controller ceases from regulating a given error

when the output frequency cannot be increased/
decreased.

7-32 Process PI Start Speed

Range: Function:

0.0 Hz* [0.0-200.0 Hz] Until the set motor speed has been

reached the frequency converter
operates in Open Loop mode.

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7-33 Process PI Proportional Gain

Option: Function:

[0.01] * 0.00-10.00 Enter the value for the P proportional gain,

i.e. the multiplication
between the set point and the feedback
signal.

NOTE

0.00=Off.

7-34 Process PI Integral Time

Range: Function:

9999.00 s* [0.10-9999.00 s] The integrator provides an
increasing
between the set point and the
feedback signal. The integral time
is the time needed by the
integrator to reach the same gain

77

7-38 Process Feed Forward Factor

Range: Function:

0%* [0-400%] The FF factor sends a part of the reference

signal around the PI controller which then only
affects part of the control signal.
By activating the FF factor less overshoot and
high dynamics are gained when changing the
setpoint.
This parameter is always active when 1-00
Configuration Mode is set to [3] Process.

7.5 Main Menu

[Main Menu] is used for programming all parameters. The
Main Menu parameters can be accessed immediately
unless a password has been created via 0-60 Main Menu

Password. For most VLT®
necessary to access the Main Menu parameters but instead
the Quick Menu provides the simplest and quickest access
to the typical required parameters.

The Main Menu accesses all parameters.

as the proportional gain.

Micro Drive applications it is not

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

factor of the error

gain at a constant error

7.6 Quick Transfer of Parameter Settings
between Multiple Frequency Converters

Once the set-up of a frequency converter is complete,
Danfoss
PC via MCT 10 Setup Software tool.

Data storage in LCP.

recommends to store the data in the LCP or on a

WARNING

Stop the motor before performing this operation.

1.

Go to 0-50 LCP Copy

2. Press the [Ok] key

3. Select “All to LCP”

4. Press the [Ok] key

Connect the LCP to another frequency converter and copy
the parameter settings to this frequency converter as well.

Data transfer from LCP to frequency converter:

NOTE

Stop

the motor before performing this operation.

1.

Go to 0-50 LCP Copy

2. Press the [Ok] key

3. Select “All from LCP”

4. Press the [Ok] key

7.7 Read-out and Programming of Indexed
Parameters

Use as an example.

Press [Ok] for selecting a parameter and use [▲/▼] for
maneuvering between the indexed values.

1. Press [Menu] key until indicator in display is
placed above “Main Menu”.

2.

Use [▲] [▼] to browse through the parameter
groups.

3. Press [Ok] to select a parameter group.

4.

Use [▲] [▼] to browse through the parameters in
the specific group.

5. Press [Ok] to select the parameter.

6.

Use [▲] [▼] to set/change the parameter value.

[Back] is used to go one level back.

68 MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

To change the parameter value, select the indexed value
and press [OK].

Change the value using [▲/▼].

Press [Ok] to accept the new setting.

Pressing [Ok] for more than 1 s enters 'Adjust' mode. In
'Adjust' mode, it is possible to make fast adjustment by

pressing [▲/▼] combined with [OK].

Press [▲/▼] to change value. Press [Ok] to shift between
digits quickly. To exit modification mode, hold [OK] more

Programming

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than 1 second again with change saving or press [Back]
without change saving. Press [Back] to leave the
parameter.

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

7.8 Initialise the Frequency Converter to
Default Settings in two Ways

7.8.1 Initialise the Frequency Converter to

Default Settings in two Ways

Recommended initialisation (via 14-22 Operation Mode

1.

Select

14-22 Operation Mode.

2. Press [Ok].

3.

Select Initialisation and Press [Ok].

4. Cut off the mains supply and wait until the
display turns off.

5. Reconnect the mains supply - the frequency
converter is now reset. Except the following

parameters.

8-30 Protocol
8-31 Address
8-32 Baud Rate
8-33 Parity / Stop Bits
8-35 Minimum Response Delay
8-36 Maximum Response Delay
15-00 Operating Hours to 15-05 Over Volt's
15-03 Power Up's
15-04 Over Temp's
15-05 Over Volt's
15-30 Alarm Log: Error Code
15-4* Drive identification parameters

Two finger initialization:

1. Power off the frequency converter.

2. Press [Ok] and [Menu].

3. Power up the frequency converter while still
pressing the keys above for 10 sec.

4. The frequency converter is now reset, except the
following parameters:

15-00 Operating Hours
15-03 Power Up's
15-04 Over Temp's
15-05 Over Volt's
15-4* Drive identification parameters

Initialisation of parameters is confirmed by AL80 in the
display after the power cycle.

)

7 7

MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

69

61 68 69

N

P

COMM. GND

130BB795.10

130BB966.10

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

8 RS-485 Installation and Set-up

8.1.1 Overview

RS-485 is a two-wire bus interface compatible with multi­drop network topology, that is, nodes can be connected as
a bus, or via drop cables from a common trunk line. A
total of 32 nodes can be connected to one network
segment.
Repeaters divide network segments.

NOTE

Each repeater functions as a node within the segment in
which it is installed. Each node connected within a given
network must have a unique node address, across all
segments.

Terminate each segment at both ends, using either the
termination switch (S801) of the frequency converters or a

88

biased termination resistor network. Always use screened
twisted pair (STP) cable for bus cabling, and always follow
good common installation practice.
Low-impedance earth connection of the screen at every
node is important, including at high frequencies. Thus,
connect a large surface of the screen to earth, for example
with a cable clamp or a conductive cable gland. It may be
necessary to apply potential-equalizing cables to maintain
the same earth potential throughout the network - partic­ularly in installations with long cables.
To prevent impedance mismatch, always use the same
type of cable throughout the entire network. When
connecting a motor to the frequency converter, always use
screened motor cable.

Illustration 8.1

8.1.3 Frequency Converter Hardware Set­up

Use the terminator dip switch on the main control board
of the frequency converter to terminate the RS-485 bus.

Cable Screened twisted pair (STP)
Impedance

Cable length

Table 8.1

120 Ω
Max. 1200 m (including drop lines)
Max. 500 m station-to-station

Illustration 8.2 Terminator Switch Factory Setting

8.1.2 Network Connection

The factory setting for the dip switch is OFF.

Connect the frequency converter to the RS-485 network
as follows (see also diagram):

1. Connect signal wires to terminal 68 (P+) and
terminal 69 (N-) on the main control board of the
frequency converter.

2. Connect the cable screen to the cable clamps.

NOTE

Screened, twisted-pair cables are recommended in order to
reduce noise between conductors.

70 MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

Fieldbus cable

Brake resistor

Min.200mm

90° crossing

130BC010.10

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

8.1.4 EMC Precautions

The following EMC precautions are recommended in order
to achieve interference-free operation of the RS-485
network.

Relevant national and local regulations, for example
regarding protective earth connection, must be observed.
The RS-485 communication cable must be kept away from
motor and brake resistor cables to avoid coupling of high
frequency noise from one cable to another. Normally a
distance of 200 mm (8 inches) is sufficient, but keeping the
greatest possible distance between the cables is generally
recommended, especially where cables run in parallel over
long distances. When crossing is unavoidable, the RS-485
cable must cross motor and brake resistor cables at an
angle of 90 degrees.

8.1.5 Frequency Converter Parameter
Settings for Modbus Communication

The following parameters apply to the RS-485 interface
(FC-port):

Parameter Function
8-30 Protocol Select the application protocol to run on

the RS-485 interface

8-31 Address Set the node address.

NOTE

The address range depends on the
protocol selected in 8-30 Protocol

8-32 Baud Rate Set the baud rate.

NOTE

The default baud rate depends on the
protocol selected in 8-30 Protocol

8-33 Parity / Stop
Bits

Set the parity and number of stop bits.

NOTE

The default selection depends on the
protocol selected in 8-30 Protocol

8 8

Illustration 8.3

8-35 Minimum
Response Delay

8-36 Maximum
Response Delay

Table 8.2

Specify a minimum delay time between
receiving a request and transmitting a
response. This function is for overcoming
modem turnaround delays.
Specify a maximum delay time between
transmitting a request and receiving a
response.

8.2 FC Protocol Overview

The FC protocol, also referred to as FC bus or Standard
bus, is the Danfoss standard fieldbus. It defines an access
technique according to the master-slave principle for
communications via a serial bus.
One master and a maximum of 126 slaves can be
connected to the bus. The master selects the individual
slaves via an address character in the telegram. A slave
itself can never transmit without first being requested to
do so, and direct message transfer between the individual
slaves is not possible. Communications occur in the half­duplex mode.
The master function cannot be transferred to another node
(single-master system).

MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

71

0 1 32 4 5 6 7

195NA036.10

Start
bit

Even Stop
Parity bit

STX LGE ADR DATA BCC

195NA099.10

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The physical layer is RS-485, thus utilizing the RS-485 port
built into the
supports different telegram formats:

frequency converter. The FC protocol

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

8.4 FC Protocol Message Framing Structure

8.4.1 Content of a Character (byte)

A short format of 8 bytes for process data.

•

A long format of 16 bytes that also includes a

•

parameter channel.
A format used for texts.

•

8.2.1 FC with Modbus RTU

The FC protocol provides access to the Control Word and
Bus Reference of the frequency converter.

The Control Word allows the Modbus master to control
several important functions of the frequency converter.

Start

•

Stop of the frequency converter in various ways:

•

88

Reset after a fault trip

•

Run at various preset speeds

•

Run in reverse

•

Change of the active set-up

•

Control of the 2 relays built into the frequency

•

converter

The Bus Reference is commonly used for speed control. It
is also possible to access the parameters, read their values,
and where possible, write values to them. This permits a
range of control options, including controlling the setpoint
of the frequency converter when its internal PI controller is
used.

Coast stop

•

Quick stop

•

DC Brake stop

•

Normal (ramp) stop

•

Each character transferred begins with a start bit. Then 8
data bits are transferred, corresponding to a byte. Each
character is secured via a parity bit. This bit is set at "1"
when it reaches parity. Parity is when there is an equal
number of 1s in the 8 data bits and the parity bit in total.
A stop bit completes a character, thus consisting of 11 bits
in all.

Illustration 8.4

8.4.2 Telegram Structure

Each telegram has the following structure:

1. Start character (STX)=02 Hex

2. A byte denoting the telegram length (LGE)

3. A byte denoting the frequency converter address
(ADR)

A number of data bytes (variable, depending on the type
of telegram) follows.

A data control byte (BCC) completes the telegram.

Illustration 8.5

8.3 Network Configuration

8.3.1 Frequency Converter Set-up

Set the following parameters to enable the FC protocol for
the frequency converter.

Parameter Setting
8-30 Protocol FC
8-31 Address 1-126
8-32 Baud Rate 2400-115200
8-33 Parity / Stop Bits Even parity, 1 stop bit (default)

Table 8.3

72 MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

8.4.3 Telegram Length (LGE)

The telegram length is the number of data bytes plus the
address byte ADR and the data control byte BCC.

4 data bytes LGE=4+1+1=6 bytes
12 data bytes LGE=12+1+1=14 bytes
Telegramscontaining texts

Table 8.4 Length of Telegrams

1)

The 10 represents the fixed characters, while the “n’” is variable

(depending on the length of the text).

101)+n bytes

ADRLGESTX PCD1 PCD2 BCC

130BA269.10

PKE INDADRLGESTX PCD1 PCD2 BCC

130BA271.10

PWE

high

PWE

low

PKE IND

130BA270.10

ADRLGESTX PCD1 PCD2 BCCCh1 Ch2 Chn

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

8.4.4 Frequency Converter Address (ADR)

Address format 1-126

Bit 7=1 (address format 1-126 active)
Bit 0-6=frequency converter address 1-126
Bit 0-6=0 Broadcast

The slave returns the address byte unchanged to the
master in the response telegram.

8.4.5 Data Control Byte (BCC)

The checksum is calculated as an XOR-function. Before the
first byte in the telegram is received, the Calculated
Checksum is 0.

8.4.6 The Data Field

The structure of data blocks depends on the type of
telegram. There are three telegram types, and the type
applies for both control telegrams (master
response telegrams (slave⇒master).

slave) and

⇒

The 3 types of telegram are:

Process block (PCD)
The PCD is made up of a data block of 4 bytes (2 words)
and contains:

- Control word and reference value (from master to
slave)

- Status word and present output frequency (from
slave to master)

8 8

Illustration 8.6

Parameter block

parameter block is used to transfer parameters

The
between master and slave. The data block is made up of
12 bytes (6 words) and also contains the process block.

Illustration 8.7

Text block
The text block is used to read or write texts via the data
block.

Illustration 8.8

MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

73

15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

130BB918.10

PKE IND

PWE

high

PWE

low

AK PNU

Parameter

commands

and replies

Parameter

number

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

8.4.7 The PKE Field

The PKE field contains two subfields: Parameter command

0111 Command cannot be performed

and issues the following fault report in the parameter

­value:

and response (AK) and Parameter number (PNU):

Error code FC+ Specification
0 Illegal Parameter Number
1 Parameter cannot be changed.
2 Upper or lower limit exceeded
3 Subindex corrupted
4 No Array
5 Wrong Data Type
6 Not used
7 Not used
9 Description element not available
11 No parameter write access
15 No text available
17 Not while Running
18 Other error

Illustration 8.9

88

Bits no. 12-15 transfer parameter commands from master
to slave and return processed slave responses to the
master.

Parameter commands master ⇒ slave
Bit no. Parameter command
15 14 13 12
0 0 0 0 No command
0 0 0 1 Read parameter value
0 0 1 0 Write parameter value in RAM (word)
0 0 1 1 Write parameter value in RAM (double

word)

1 1 0 1 Write parameter value in RAM and

EEprom (double word)

1 1 1 0 Write parameter value in RAM and

EEprom (word)

1 1 1 1 Read text

100
>100
130 No bus access for this parameter
131 Write to factory set-up not possible
132 No LCP access
252 Unknown viewer
253 Request not supported
254 Unknown attribute
255 No error

Table 8.7

8.4.8 Parameter Number (PNU)

Bits no. 0-11 transfer parameter numbers. The function of
the relevant parameter is defined in the parameter
description in the VLT Micro Drive Programming Guide,
MG02C.

8.4.9 Index (IND)

Table 8.5

The index is used together with the parameter number to
read/write-access parameters with an index, for example,

Response slave ⇒master
Bit no. Response
15 14 13 12
0 0 0 0 No response
0 0 0 1 Parameter value transferred (word)
0 0 1 0 Parameter value transferred (double

word)
0 1 1 1 Command cannot be performed
1 1 1 1 text transferred

Table 8.6

If the command cannot be performed, the slave sends this
response:

74 MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

15-30 Alarm Log: Error Code. The index consists of 2 bytes;
a

low byte, and a high byte.

Only the low byte is used as an index.

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

8.4.10 Parameter Value (PWE)

The parameter value block consists of 2 words (4 bytes),
and the value depends on the defined command (AK). The
master prompts for a parameter value when the PWE block
contains no value. To change a parameter value (write),
write the new value in the PWE block and send from the
master to the slave.

When a slave responds to a parameter request (read
command), the present parameter value in the PWE block
is transferred and returned to the master. If a parameter
contains several data options, e.g. 0-01 Language, select

data value by entering the value in the PWE block.

the
Serial communication is only capable of reading
parameters containing data type 9 (text string).

15-40 FC Type to 15-53 Power Card Serial Number contain
data type 9.
For example, read the unit size and mains voltage range in
15-40 FC Type. When a text string is transferred (read), the
length of the telegram is variable, and the texts are of
different lengths. The telegram length is defined in the
second byte of the telegram (LGE). When using text
transfer, the index character indicates whether it is a read
or a write command.

To read a text via the PWE block, set the parameter
command (AK) to ’F’ Hex. The index character high-byte
must be “4”.

4-12 Motor Speed Low Limit [Hz] has a conversion factor of

0.1.
To preset the minimum frequency to 10 Hz, transfer the
value 100. A conversion factor of 0.1 means that the value
transferred is multiplied by 0.1. The value 100 is thus
perceived as 10.0.

Conversion index Conversion factor
74 0.1
2 100
1 10
0 1

-1 0.1

-2 0.01

-3 0.001

-4 0.0001

-5 0.00001

Table 8.9

8.4.13 Process Words (PCD)

The block of process words is divided into two blocks of
16 bits, which always occur in the defined sequence.

PCD 1 PCD 2

Control telegram (master⇒slave Control
word)

Control telegram (slave⇒master) Status word

Reference-value

Present output
frequency

8 8

8.4.11 Data Types Supported by the
Frequency

Unsigned means that there is no operational sign in the
telegram.

Data types Description
3 Integer 16
4 Integer 32
5 Unsigned 8
6 Unsigned 16
7 Unsigned 32
9 Text string

Table 8.8

Converter

8.4.12 Conversion

The various attributes of each parameter are displayed in
the section Factory Settings. Parameter values are
transferred as whole numbers only. Conversion factors are
therefore used to transfer decimals.

Table 8.10

8.5 Examples

8.5.1 Writing a Parameter Value

Change 4-14 Motor Speed High Limit [Hz] to 100 Hz.
Write the data in EEPROM.

PKE=E19E Hex - Write single word in 4-14 Motor Speed High
Limit [Hz]:

IND=0000
PWEHIGH=0000 Hex
PWELOW=03E8 Hex

Data value 1000, corresponding to 100 Hz, see

8.4.12 Conversion.

Hex

MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

75

E19E H

PKE IND PWE

high

PWE

low

0000 H 0000 H 03E8 H

130BA092.10

119E H

PKE

IND

PWE

high

PWE

low

0000 H 0000 H 03E8 H

130BA093.10

1155 H

PKE IND PWE

high

PWE

low

0000 H 0000 H 0000 H

130BA094.10

130BA267.10

1155 H

PKE

IND

0000 H 0000 H 03E8 H

PWE

high

PWE

low

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The telegram looks like this:

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

Modbus RTU Overview

8.6

8.6.1 Assumptions

Illustration 8.10

Danfoss assumes that the installed controller supports the
interfaces in this document, and strictly observe all
requirements and limitations stipulated in the controller

NOTE

4-14 Motor Speed

parameter command for write in EEPROM is “E”. Parameter

High Limit [Hz] is a single word, and the

and frequency converter.

8.6.2 What the User Should Already Know

4-14 is 19E in hexadecimal.

The Modbus RTU (Remote Terminal Unit) is designed to

The response from the slave to the master is:

communicate with any controller that supports the
interfaces defined in this document. It is assumed that the
user has full knowledge of the capabilities and limitations
of the controller.

8.6.3 Modbus RTU Overview

Illustration 8.11

88

8.5.2 Reading a Parameter Value

Read the value in 3-41

PKE=1155 Hex - Read parameter value in 3-41 Ramp 1

Ramp up Time

IND=0000 Hex
PWE
PWE

=0000 Hex

HIGH

=0000 Hex

LOW

Illustration 8.12

If the value in 3-41 Ramp 1 Ramp up Time is 10 s, the
response from the slave to the master is:

Illustration 8.13

3E8 Hex corresponds to 1000 decimal. The conversion
index for 3-41 Ramp 1 Ramp up Time is -2, that is, 0.01.

3-41 Ramp 1 Ramp up Time is of the type Unsigned 32.

Ramp 1 Ramp up Time

Regardless of the type of physical communication
networks, the Modbus

RTU Overview describes the process
a controller uses to request access to another device. This
process includes how the Modbus RTU responds to
requests from another device, and how errors are detected
and reported. It also establishes a common format for the
layout and contents of message fields.
During communications over a Modbus RTU network, the
protocol determines:

How each controller learns its device address

•

Recognizes a message addressed to it

•

Determines which actions to take

•

Extracts any data or other information contained

•

in the message

If a reply is required, the controller constructs the reply
message and sends it.
Controllers communicate using a master-slave technique in
which only one device (the master) can initiate
transactions (called queries). The other devices (slaves)
respond by supplying the requested data to the master, or
by taking the action requested in the query.
The master can address individual slaves, or can initiate a
broadcast message to all slaves. Slaves return a message
(called a response) to queries that are addressed to them
individually. No responses are returned to broadcast
queries from the master. The Modbus RTU protocol
establishes the format for the master’s query by placing
into it the device (or broadcast) address, a function code
defining the requested action, any data to be sent, and an
error-checking field. The slave’s response message is also
constructed using Modbus protocol. It contains fields
confirming the action taken, any data to be returned, and
an error-checking field. If an error occurs in receipt of the
message, or if the slave is unable to perform the requested

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action, the slave constructs an error message, and send it
in response, or

a time-out occurs.

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

8.6.4 Frequency Converter with Modbus
RTU

The frequency converter communicates in Modbus RTU
format over the
provides access to the Control Word and Bus Reference of
the frequency converter.

The Control Word allows the Modbus master to control
several important functions of the frequency converter:

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

The Bus Reference is commonly used for speed control. It
is also possible to access the parameters, read their values,
and where possible, write values to them. This permits a
range of control options, including controlling the setpoint
of the frequency converter when its internal PI controller is
used.

built-in RS-485 interface. Modbus RTU

Start
Stop of the frequency converter in various ways:

Coast stop
Quick stop
DC Brake stop
Normal (ramp) stop

Reset after a fault trip
Run at a variety of preset speeds
Run in reverse
Change the active set-up
Control the frequency converter’s built-in relay

8.7 Network Configuration

To enable Modbus RTU on the frequency converter, set the
following

Parameter
8-30 Protocol Modbus RTU
8-31 Address 1-247
8-32 Baud Rate 2400-115200
8-33 Parity / Stop Bits Even parity, 1 stop bit (default)

Table 8.11

parameters:

Setting

8.8 Modbus RTU Message Framing
Structure

8.8.1 Frequency Converter with Modbus

RTU

The controllers are set up to communicate on the Modbus
network
each byte in a message containing 2 4-bit hexadecimal
characters. The format for each byte is shown in Table 8.12.

using RTU (Remote Terminal Unit) mode, with

Start
bit

Table 8.12 Format for Each Byte

Coding System 8-bit binary, hexadecimal 0-9, A-F. 2

Bits Per Byte 1 start bit

Error Check Field Cyclical Redundancy Check (CRC)

Table 8.13

byte Stop/

Data

parity

hexadecimal characters contained in each 8­bit field of the message

8 data bits, least significant bit sent first
1 bit for even/odd parity; no bit for no
parity
1 stop bit if parity is used; 2 bits if no parity

Stop

8.8.2 Modbus RTU Message Structure

The transmitting device places a Modbus RTU message
into

a frame with a known beginning and ending point.
This allows receiving devices to begin at the start of the
message, read the address portion, determine which
device is addressed (or all devices, if the message is
broadcast), and to recognise when the message is
completed. Partial messages are detected and errors set as
a result. Characters for transmission must be in
hexadecimal 00 to FF format in each field. The frequency
converter continuously monitors the network bus, also
during ‘silent’ intervals. When the first field (the address
field) is received, each frequency converter or device
decodes it to determine which device is being addressed.
Modbus RTU messages addressed to zero are broadcast
messages. No response is permitted for broadcast
messages. A typical message frame is shown in Table 8.14.

8 8

Start

T1-T2-T3-T48 bits 8 bits N x 8

Table 8.14 Typical Modbus RTU Message Structure

MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

Address Function Data CRC

bits

End

check

16 bits T1-T2-T3-

T4

77

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8.8.3 Start/Stop Field

Messages start with a silent period of at least 3.5 character
intervals. This is implemented as a multiple of character
intervals at the selected network baud rate (shown as Start
T1-T2-T3-T4). The first field to be transmitted is the device
address. Following the last transmitted character, a similar
period of at least 3.5 character intervals marks the end of
the message. A new message can begin after this period.
The entire message frame must be transmitted as a
continuous stream. If a silent period of more than 1.5
character intervals occurs before completion of the frame,
the receiving device flushes the incomplete message and
assumes that the next byte is the address field of a new
message. Similarly, if a new message begins prior to 3.5
character intervals after a previous message, the receiving
device will consider it a continuation of the previous
message. This causes a time-out (no response from the
slave), since the value in the final CRC field is not valid for
the combined messages.

88

8.8.4 Address Field

The address field of a message frame contains 8 bits. Valid
slave device addresses are in the range of 0-247 decimal.
The individual slave devices are assigned addresses in the
range of 1-247. (0 is reserved for broadcast mode, which
all slaves recognize.) A master addresses a slave by placing
the slave address in the address field of the message.
When the slave sends its response, it places its own
address in this address field to let the master know which
slave is responding.

8.8.5 Function Field

The function field of a message frame contains 8 bits. Valid
codes are in the range of 1-FF. Function fields are used to
send messages between master and slave. When a
message is sent from a master to a slave device, the
function code field tells the slave what kind of action to
perform. When the slave responds to the master, it uses
the function code field to indicate either a normal (error­free) response, or that some kind of error occurred (called
an exception response). For a normal response, the slave
simply echoes the original function code. For an exception
response, the slave returns a code that is equivalent to the
original function code with its most significant bit set to
logic 1. In addition, the slave places a unique code into the
data field of the response message. This tells the master
what kind of error occurred, or the reason for the
exception. Also refer to the sections 8.8.10 Function Codes

Supported by Modbus RTU and 8.8.11 Modbus Exception
Codes

.

Data Field

8.8.6

The data field is constructed using sets of two hexadecimal

in the range of 00 to FF hexadecimal. These are

digits,
made up of one RTU character. The data field of messages
sent from a master to slave device contains additional
information which the slave must use to take the action
defined by the function code. This can include items such
as coil or register addresses, the quantity of items to be
handled, and the count of actual data bytes in the field.

8.8.7 CRC Check Field

Messages include an error-checking field, operating based
on a Cyclical Redundancy Check (CRC) method. The CRC
field checks the contents of the entire message. It is
applied regardless of any parity check method used for the
individual characters of the message. The CRC value is
calculated by the transmitting device, which appends the
CRC as the last field in the message. The receiving device
recalculates a CRC during receipt of the message and
compares the calculated value to the actual value received
in the CRC field. If the two values are unequal, a bus time­out results. The error-checking field contains a 16-bit
binary value implemented as two 8-bit bytes. When this is
done, the low-order byte of the field is appended first,
followed by the high-order byte. The CRC high-order byte
is the last byte sent in the message.

8.8.8 Coil Register Addressing

In Modbus, all data are organized in coils and holding
registers. Coils hold a single bit, whereas holding registers
hold a 2-byte word (that is, 16 bits). All data addresses in
Modbus messages are referenced to zero. The first
occurrence of a data item is addressed as item number
zero. For example: The coil known as ‘coil 1’ in a
programmable controller is addressed as coil 0000 in the
data address field of a Modbus message. Coil 127 decimal
is addressed as coil 007EHEX (126 decimal).
Holding register 40001 is addressed as register 0000 in the
data address field of the message. The function code field
already specifies a ‘holding register’ operation. Therefore,
the ‘4XXXX’ reference is implicit. Holding register 40108 is
addressed as register 006BHEX (107 decimal).

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Coil
Number
1-16 Frequency converter control word

17-32 Frequency converter speed or set-

33-48 Frequency converter status word

49-64 Open loop mode: Frequency

65 Parameter write control (master to

66-65536 Reserved

Description Signal

(see Table 8.16)

point reference Range 0x0-0xFFFF
(-200% ... -200%)

Table 8.16

(see

converter output frequency
Closed loop mode: Frequency
converter feedback signal

slave)
0= Parameter changes are

1= Parameter changes are

and Table 8.17

written to the RAM of the
frequency converter

written to the RAM and
EEPROM of the frequency
converter.

)

Direction
Master to slave

Master to slave

Slave to master

Slave to master

Master to slave

Coil 0 1
33 Control not ready Control ready
34 Frequency converter not

ready
35 Coasting stop Safety closed
36 No alarm Alarm
37 Not used Not used
38 Not used Not used
39 Not used Not used
40 No warning Warning
41 Not at reference At reference
42 Hand mode Auto mode
43 Out of freq. range In frequency range
44 Stopped Running
45 Not used Not used
46 No voltage warning Voltage warning
47 Not in current limit Current limit
48 No thermal warning Thermal warning

Table 8.17 Frequency Converter Status Word (FC Profile)

Frequency converter ready

8 8

Table 8.15
Coil 0 1
01 Preset reference LSB
02 Preset reference MSB
03 DC brake No DC brake
04 Coast stop No coast stop
05 Quick stop No quick stop
06 Freeze freq. No freeze freq.
07 Ramp stop Start
08 No reset Reset
09 No jog Jog
10 Ramp 1 Ramp 2
11 Data not valid Data valid
12 Relay 1 off Relay 1 on
13 Relay 2 off Relay 2 on
14 Set up LSB
15
16 No reversing Reversing

Table 8.16 Frequency Converter Control Word (FC Profile)

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1

Bus adress
0 1 40001 Reserved Reserved for Legacy Drives VLT 5000 and VLT 2800
1 2 40002 Reserved Reserved for Legacy Drives VLT 5000 and VLT 2800
2 3 40003 Reserved Reserved for Legacy Drives VLT 5000 and VLT 2800
3 4 40004 Free
4 5 40005 Free
5 6 40006 Modbus conf Read/Write TCP only. Reserved for Modbus TCP (p12-28 and 12-29 -

6 7 40007 Last error code Read only Error code recieved from parameter database, refer to

7 8 40008 Last error register Read only Address of register with which last error occurred, refer

8 9 40009 Index pointer Read/Write Sub index of parameter to be accessed. Refer to WHAT

9 10 40010 FC par. 0-01 Dependent on

19 20 40020 FC par. 0-02 Dependent on

29 30 40030 FC par. xx-xx Dependent on

Bus register

PLC Register Content Access Description

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

in Eeprom etc.)

store

WHAT 38295 for details

to WHAT 38296 for details

38297 for details
Parameter 0-01 (Modbus Register=10 parameter number

parameter access

parameter access

parameter access

20 bytes space reserved pr parameter in Modbus Map
Parameter 0-02
20 bytes space reserved pr parameter in Modbus Map
Parameter 0-03
20 bytes space reserved pr parameter in Modbus Map

88

Table 8.18

1)

Value written in Modbus RTU telegram must be one or less than
register number. E.g. Read Modbus Register 1 by writing value 0 in
telegram.

8.8.9 How to Control the Frequency

Converter

This section describes codes which can be used in the
function and data fields of a Modbus RTU message.

8.8.10 Function Codes Supported by

Modbus RTU

Modbus RTU supports use of the following function codes
in the function field of a message.

Function Function Code
Read coils 1 hex
Read holding registers 3 hex
Write single coil 5 hex
Write single register 6 hex
Write multiple coils F hex
Write multiple registers 10 hex
Get comm. event counter B hex
Report slave ID 11 hex

Table 8.19

Function Function

Code

Diagnostics 8 1 Restart communication

Table 8.20

Sub­function
code

2 Return diagnostic register
10 Clear counters and

11 Return bus message count
12 Return bus communi-

13 Return bus exception error

14 Return slave message

Sub-function

diagnostic register

cation error count

count

count

8.8.11 Modbus Exception Codes

For a full explanation of the structure of an exception code
response, refer to 8.8.5 Function Field.

Code

Name Meaning

1 Illegal

function

The function code received in the query is

an allowable action for the server (or

not
slave). This may be because the function
code is only applicable to newer devices,
and was not implemented in the unit
selected. It could also indicate that the
server (or slave) is in the wrong state to
process a request of this type, for
example because it is not configured and
is being asked to return register values.

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Code Name Meaning

2 Illegal data

address

3 Illegal data

value

4 Slave device

failure

Table 8.21 Modbus Exception Codes

The data address received in the query is

an allowable address for the server

not
(or slave). More specifically, the
combination of reference number and
transfer length is invalid. For a controller
with 100 registers, a request with offset
96 and length 4 would succeed, a request
with offset 96 and length 5 generates
exception 02.
A value contained in the query data field
is not an allowable value for server (or
slave). This indicates a fault in the
structure of the remainder of a complex
request, such as that the implied length is
incorrect. It specifically does NOT mean
that a data item submitted for storage in
a register has a value outside the
expectation of the application program,
since the Modbus protocol is unaware of
the significance of any particular value of
any particular register.
An unrecoverable error occurred while the
server (or slave) was attempting to
perform the requested action.

8.9 How to Access Parameters

8.9.1 Parameter Handling

characters than the parameter stores, the response is space
filled.

8.9.5 Conversion Factor

The different attributes for each parameter can be seen in
the

section on factory settings. Since a parameter value
can only be transferred as a whole number, a conversion
factor must be used to transfer decimals. Refer to the

7.4 Quick Menu Parameters

.

8.9.6 Parameter Values

Standard data types
Standard
uint32. They are stored as 4x registers (40001–4FFFF). The
parameters are read using function 03HEX "Read Holding
Registers." Parameters are written using the function 6HEX
"Preset Single Register" for 1 register (16 bits), and the
function 10 HEX "Preset Multiple Registers" for 2 registers
(32 bits). Readable sizes range from 1 register (16 bits) up
to 10 registers (20 characters).

Non standard data types
Non standard data types are text strings and are stored as
4x registers (40001–4FFFF). The parameters are read using
function 03HEX "Read Holding Registers" and written using
function 10HEX "Preset Multiple Registers." Readable sizes
range from 1 register (2 characters) up to 10 registers (20
characters).

data types are int16, int32, uint8, uint16 and

8 8

The PNU (Parameter Number) is translated from the
register address contained in the Modbus read or write
message. The parameter number is translated to Modbus
as (10 x parameter number) DECIMAL.

8.9.2 Storage of Data

The Coil 65 decimal determines whether data written to
the frequency converter are stored in EEPROM and RAM
(coil 65=1) or only in RAM (coil 65=0).

8.9.3 IND

The array index is set in Holding Register 9 and used when
accessing array parameters.

8.9.4 Text Blocks

Parameters stored as text strings are accessed in the same
way as the other parameters. The maximum text block size
is 20 characters. If a read request for a parameter is for
more characters than the parameter stores, the response is
truncated. If the read request for a parameter is for fewer

8.10 Examples

The following examples illustrate various Modbus RTU
commands. If an error occurs, refer to 8.8.11 Modbus
Exception Codes.

8.10.1 Read Coil Status (01 HEX)

Description
This function reads the ON/OFF status of discrete outputs
(coils) in the frequency converter. Broadcast is never
supported for reads.

Query
The query message specifies the starting coil and quantity
of coils to be read. Coil addresses start at zero, that is, coil
33 is addressed as 32.

Example of a request to read coils 33-48 (Status Word)
from slave device 01.

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Field Name Example (HEX)
Slave Address 01 (frequency converter address)
Function 01 (read coils)
Starting Address HI 00
Starting Address LO 20 (32 decimals) Coil 33
No. of Points HI 00
No. of Points LO 10 (16 decimals)
Error Check (CRC) -

Table 8.22

Response
The coil status in the response message is packed as one
coil per bit of the data field. Status is indicated as: 1=ON;

Field Name Example (HEX)
Slave Address 01 (Frequency converter address)
Function 05 (write single coil)
Coil Address HI 00
Coil Address LO 40 (64 decimal) Coil 65
Force Data HI FF
Force Data LO 00 (FF 00=ON)
Error Check (CRC) -

Table 8.24

Response
The normal response is an echo of the query, returned
after the coil state has been forced.

0=OFF. The LSB of the first data byte contains the coil
addressed in the query. The other coils follow toward the
high order end of this byte, and from ‘low order to high
order’ in subsequent bytes.
If the returned coil quantity is not a multiple of eight, the
remaining bits in the final data byte is padded with zeros
(toward the high order end of the byte). The Byte Count

88

field specifies the number of complete bytes of data.

Field Name Example (HEX)
Slave Address 01 (frequency converter address)
Function 01 (read coils)
Byte Count 02 (2 bytes of data)
Data (Coils 40-33) 07
Data (Coils 48-41) 06 (STW=0607hex)
Error Check (CRC) -

Table 8.23

Field Name Example (HEX)
Slave Address 01
Function 05
Force Data HI FF
Force Data LO 00
Quantity of Coils HI 00
Quantity of Coils LO 01
Error Check (CRC) -

Table 8.25

8.10.3 Force/Write Multiple Coils (0F HEX)

This function forces each coil in a sequence of coils to
either ON or OFF. When broadcast the function forces the
same coil references in all attached slaves.

NOTE

Coils and registers are addressed explicit with an off-set of

-1 in Modbus.
I.e. Coil 33 is addressed as Coil 32.

8.10.2 Force/Write Single Coil (05 HEX)

Description
This function forces the coil to either ON or OFF. When
broadcast the function forces the same coil references in
all attached slaves.

Query
The query message specifies the coil 65 (parameter write
control) to be forced. Coil addresses start at zero, that is,
coil 65 is addressed as 64. Force Data=00 00HEX (OFF) or
FF 00HEX (ON).

The query message specifies the coils 17 to 32 (speed set­point) to be forced.

Field Name Example (HEX)
Slave Address 01 (frequency converter address)
Function 0F (write multiple coils)
Coil Address HI 00
Coil Address LO 10 (coil address 17)
Quantity of Coils HI 00
Quantity of Coils LO 10 (16 coils)
Byte Count 02
Force Data HI
(Coils 8-1)
Force Data LO
(Coils 16-9)
Error Check (CRC) -

Table 8.26

20

00 (ref.=2000 hex)

Response
The normal response returns the slave address, function
code, starting address, and quantity of coils forced.

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Field Name Example (HEX)
Slave Address 01 (frequency converter address)
Function 0F (write multiple coils)
Coil Address HI 00
Coil Address LO 10 (coil address 17)
Quantity of Coils HI 00
Quantity of Coils LO 10 (16 coils)
Error Check (CRC) -

Table 8.27

8.10.4 Read Holding Registers (03 HEX)

Description
This

function reads the contents of holding registers in the

slave.
Query

The query message specifies the starting register and
quantity of registers to be read. Register addresses start at
zero, that is, registers 1-4 are addressed as 0-3.

Example: Read 3-03 Maximum Reference, register 03030.

Field Name Example (HEX)
Slave Address 01
Function 03 (read holding registers)
Starting Address HI 0B (Register address 3029)
Starting Address LO 05 (Register address 3029)
No. of Points HI 00
No. of Points LO

Error Check (CRC) -

Table 8.28

Response
The register data in the response message are packed as
two bytes per register, with the binary contents right
justified within each byte. For each register, the first byte
contains the high-order bits and the second contains the
low-order bits.

Example: Hex 000088B8=35.000=15 Hz.

02 - (3-03 Maximum Reference is 32 bits
long, i.e. 2 registers)

Field Name Example (HEX)
Slave Address 01
Function 03
Byte Count 04
Data HI
(Register 3030)
Data LO
(Register 3030)
Data HI
(Register 3031)
Data LO
(Register 3031)
Error Check
(CRC)

Table 8.29

00

16

E3

60

-

8.10.5 Preset Single Register (06 HEX)

Description
This

function presets a value into a single holding register.

Query
The query message specifies the register reference to be
preset. Register addresses start at zero, that is, register 1 is
addressed as 0.

Example: Write to 1-00 Configuration Mode, register 1000.

Field Name Example (HEX)
Slave Address 01
Function 06
Register Address HI 03 (Register address 999)
Register Address LO E7 (Register address 999)
Preset Data HI 00
Preset Data LO 01
Error Check (CRC) -

Table 8.30

Response
The normal response is an echo of the query, returned
after the register contents have been passed.

8 8

Field Name Example (HEX)
Slave Address 01
Function 06
Register Address HI 03
Register Address LO E7
Preset Data HI 00
Preset Data LO 01
Error Check (CRC) -

Table 8.31

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83

Speed ref.CTW

Master-slave

130BA274.10

15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Bit
no.:

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8.10.6 Preset Multiple Registers (10 HEX)

Description
This function presets values into a sequence of holding
registers.

8.11 FC Drive Control Profile

8.11.1 Control Word According to FC

Profile (8-10 Protocol = FC profile)

Query
The query message specifies the register references to be
preset. Register addresses start at zero, that is, register 1 is
addressed as 0. Example of a request to preset two

Modbus Holding Register numbers for Input data – CTW
and REF – and Output data – STW and MAV – are defined
in Table 8.34

:

registers (set 1-24 Motor Current to 738 (7.38 A)):

Input data Frequency converter Control Word register

Field Name Example (HEX)
Slave Address 01
Function 10
Starting Address HI 04
Starting Address LO 19
No. of Registers HI 00
No. of registers LO 02
Byte Count 04
Write Data HI

88

(Register 4: 1049)
Write Data LO
(Register 4: 1049)
Write Data HI
(Register 4: 1050)
Write Data LO
(Register 4: 1050)
Error Check (CRC) -

Table 8.32

00

00

02

E2

Response

50000

(CTW)
50010 Input data Bus Reference register (REF)
50200 Output data Frequency converter Status Word register

(STW)
50210 Output data Frequency converter Main Value register

(MAV)

Table 8.34

In VLT Micro Drives after the software version 2.32 the new
feature has been implemented by copying the Input/
Output data to also be available in a lower holding register
areas:

02810 Input data Frequency converter Control Word register

(CTW)
02811 Input data Bus Reference register (REF)
02910 Output data Frequency converter Status Word register

(STW)
02911 Output data Frequency converter Main Value register

(MAV)

The normal response returns the slave address, function
code, starting address, and quantity of registers preset.

Table 8.35

Field Name Example (HEX)
Slave Address 01
Function 10
Starting Address HI 04
Starting Address LO 19
No. of Registers HI 00
No. of registers LO 02
Error Check (CRC) -

Table 8.33

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Illustration 8.14

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

Bit Bit value=0 Bit value=1
00 Reference value external selection lsb
01 Reference value external selection msb
02 DC brake Ramp
03 Coasting No coasting
04 Quick stop Ramp
05 Hold output

frequency
06 Ramp stop Start
07 No function Reset
08 No function Jog
09 Ramp 1 Ramp 2
10 Data invalid Data valid
11 Relay 01 open Relay 01 active
12 Relay 02 open Relay 02 active
13 Parameter set-up selection lsb
15 No function Reverse

Table 8.36

use ramp

Explanation of the Control Bits

Bits 00/01
Bits 00 and 01 are used to choose between the four
reference values, which are pre-programmed in 3-10 Preset
Reference according to the Table 8.37

.

Make a selection in 8-50 Coasting Select to define how Bit
03 gates with the corresponding function on a digital
input.

Bit 04, Quick stop
Bit 04=’0’: Makes the motor speed ramp down to stop (set
in 3-81 Quick Stop Ramp Time).

Bit 05, Hold output frequency
Bit 05=’0’: The present output frequency (in Hz) freezes.
Change the frozen output frequency only with the digital
inputs (5-10 Terminal 18 Digital Input to 5-13 Terminal 29

Digital Input) programmed to Speed up=21 and Slow
down=22.

NOTE

Freeze output is active, the frequency converter can only

If
be stopped by the following:

Bit 03 Coasting stop

•

Bit 02 DC braking

•

Digital input (5-10 Terminal 18 Digital Input

•

5-13 Terminal 29 Digital Input) programmed to DC
braking=5, Coasting stop=2, or Reset and coasting
stop=3.

to

8 8

Programmed
ref. value
1
2
3
4

Table 8.37 Control bits

Parameter Bit01Bit

00

3-10 Preset Reference [0]
3-10 Preset Reference [1]
3-10 Preset Reference [2]
3-10 Preset Reference [3]

0 0
0 1
1 0
1 1

NOTE

a selection in 8-56 Preset Reference Select to define

Make
how Bit 00/01 gates with the corresponding function on
the digital inputs.

Bit 02, DC brake
Bit 02=’0’ leads to DC braking and stop. Set braking
current and duration in 2-01 DC Brake Current and 2-02 DC
Braking Time.

02=’1’ leads to ramping.

Bit

Bit 03, Coasting
Bit 03=’0’: The frequency converter immediately "lets go"
of the motor, (the output transistors are "shut off") and it
coasts to a standstill.
Bit 03=’1’: The frequency converter starts the motor if the
other starting conditions are met.

Bit 06, Ramp stop/start
Bit 06=’0’: Causes a stop and makes the motor speed ramp
down to stop via the selected ramp down parameter. Bit
06=’1’: Permits the Frequency converter to start the motor,
if the other starting conditions are met.

Make a selection in 8-53 Start Select to define how Bit 06
Ramp stop/start gates with the corresponding function on
a digital input.

Bit 07, Reset Bit 07=’0’: No reset.
Bit 07=’1’: Resets a trip. Reset is activated on the signal’s
leading edge, i.e. when changing from logic ’0’ to logic ’1’.

Bit 08, Jog
Bit 08=’1’: The output frequency is determined by 3-11 Jog
Speed [Hz].

Bit 09, Selection of ramp 1/2
Bit 09="0": Ramp 1 is active (3-41 Ramp 1 Ramp up Time

to

3-42 Ramp 1 Ramp Down Time).
Bit 09="1": Ramp 2 (3-51 Ramp 2 Ramp up Time to
3-52 Ramp 2 Ramp down Time) is active.

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85

Output freq.STW

Bit
no.:

Slave-master

15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

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Bit 10, Data not valid/Data valid
Tell the frequency converter whether to use or ignore the
control word.
Bit 10=’0’: The control word is ignored. Bit 10=’1’: The
control word is used. This function is relevant because the
telegram always contains the control word, regardless of
the telegram type. Turn off the control word if not wanting
to use it when updating or reading parameters.

Bit 11, Relay 01
Bit 11="0": Relay not activated.
Bit 11="1": Relay 01 activated provided that Control word
bit 11=36 is chosen in 5-40 Function Relay.

Bit 12, Relay 02
Bit 12="0": Relay 02 is not activated. Bit 12="1": Relay 02 is
activated provided that Control word bit 12=37 is chosen in
5-40 Function Relay.

Bit Bit=0 Bit=1
00 Control not ready Control ready
01 Drive not ready Drive ready
02 Coasting Enable
03 No error Trip
04 No error Error (no trip)
05 Reserved ­06 No error Triplock
07 No warning Warning
08

Speed ≠ reference
09 Local operation Bus control
10 Out of frequency limit Frequency limit OK
11 No operation In operation
12 Drive OK Stopped, auto start
13 Voltage OK Voltage exceeded
14 Torque OK Torque exceeded
15 Timer OK Timer exceeded

Table 8.39

Speed=reference

Bit 13, Selection of set-up
Use bit 13 to choose from the 2 menu set-ups according

88

to the table.

Explanation of the status bits
Bit 00, Control not ready/ready
Bit 00=’0’: The frequency converter trips.

Set-up Bit 13

1 0
2 1

Bit 00=’1’: The frequency converter controls are ready but
the power component does not necessarily receive any
power supply (in case of external 24 V supply to controls).

Table 8.38

The function is only possible when Multi Set-Ups=9 is
selected in 0-10 Active Set-up.

Make

a selection in 8-55 Set-up Select to define how Bit 13

gates with the corresponding function on the digital
inputs.

Bit 15 Reverse
Bit 15=’0’: No reversing.
Bit 15=’1’: Reversing. In the default setting, reversing is set
to digital in 8-54 Reversing Select. Bit 15 causes reversing

when Ser. communication, Logic or Logic and is

only
selected.

8.11.2 Status Word According to FC Profile

(STW) (8-30 Protocol = FC profile)

Bit 01, Drive ready
Bit 01=’1’: The frequency converter is ready for operation
but the coasting command is active via the digital inputs
or via serial communication.

Bit 02, Coasting stop
Bit 02=’0’: The frequency converter releases the motor.
Bit 02=’1’: The frequency converter starts the motor with a
start command.

Bit 03, No error/trip
Bit 03=’0’ : The frequency converter is not in fault mode.
Bit 03=’1’: The frequency converter trips. To re-establish
operation, press [Reset].

Bit 04, No error/error (no trip)
Bit 04=’0’: The frequency converter is not in fault mode. Bit
04=“1”: The frequency converter shows an error but does
not trip.

Bit 05, Not used
Bit 05 is not used in the status word.

Bit 06, No error/triplock

Illustration 8.15

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Bit 06=’0’: The frequency converter is not in fault mode. Bit
06=“1”: The frequency converter is tripped and locked.

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Bit 07, No warning/warning
Bit 07=’0’: There are no warnings.
Bit 07=’1’: A warning has occurred.

Bit 08, Speed≠ reference/speed=reference
Bit 08=’0’: The motor is running but the present speed is
different from the preset speed reference. It might for
example, be the case when the speed ramps up/down
during start/stop.
Bit 08=’1’: The motor speed matches the preset speed
reference.

Bit 09, Local operation/bus control
Bit 09=’0’: [Off/Reset] is activate on the control unit or
Local control in F-02 Operation Method is selected. It is not
possible to control the frequency converter via serial
communication.
Bit 09=’1’ It is possible to control the frequency converter
via the fieldbus/serial communication.

Bit 10, Out of frequency limit
Bit 10=’0’: The output frequency has reached the value in

4-12 Motor Speed Low Limit [Hz] or 4-14 Motor Speed High
Limit [Hz].

Bit

10="1": The output frequency is within the defined

limits.

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

8 8

Bit 11, No operation/in operation
Bit 11=’0’: The motor is not running.
Bit 11=’1’: The coasting has a start signal or the output
frequency is greater than 0 Hz.

Bit 12, Drive OK/stopped, autostart:
Bit 12='0’: There is no temporary over temperature on the
inverter.
Bit 12=’1’: The inverter stops because of over temperature
but the unit does not trip and resumes operation once the
over temperature stops.

Bit 13, Voltage OK/limit exceeded
Bit 13=’0’: There are no voltage warnings.
Bit 13=’1’: The DC voltage in the frequency converter’s
intermediate circuit is too low or too high.

Bit 14, Torque OK/limit exceeded
Bit 14=’0’: The motor current is lower than the torque limit
selected in 4-18 Current Limit.

14=’1’: The torque limit in 4-18 Current Limit is

Bit
exceeded.

Bit 15, Timer OK/limit exceeded
Bit 15=’0’: The timers for motor thermal protection and
thermal protection are not exceeded 100%.
Bit 15=’1’: One of the timers exceeds 100%.

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87

Actual output
freq.

STW

Slave-master

Speed ref.CTW

Master-slave

16bit

130BA276.10

Reverse Forward

Par.3-00 set to

(1) -max- +max

Max reference Max reference

Par.3-00 set to

(0) min-max

Max reference

Forward

Min reference

100%

(4000hex)

-100%

(C000hex)

0%

(0hex)

Par.3-03 0 Par.3-03

Par.3-03

(4000hex)(0hex)

0% 100%

Par.3-02

130BA277.10

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

8.11.3 Bus Speed Reference Value

Speed reference value is transmitted to the frequency
converter in a relative value in %. The value is transmitted
in the form of a 16-bit word; in integers (0-32767) the
value 16384 (4000 Hex) corresponds to 100%. Negative
figures are formatted by means of 2’s complement. The
Actual Output frequency (MAV) is scaled in the same way
as the bus reference.

The reference and MAV are scaled as follows:

Illustration 8.16

88

Illustration 8.17

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Specifications

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

9 Specifications

9.1.1 Mains Supply 1x200-240 V AC

Normal overload 150% for 1 minute
Frequency converter

Shaft Output [kW]

Typical
Typical Shaft Output [HP] 0.25 0.5 1 2 3
IP 20 Frame M1 Frame M1 Frame M1 Frame M2 Frame M3
Output current

Max. input current

Continuous (3x200-240 V) [A] 1.2 2.2 4.2 6.8 9.6
Intermittent (3x200-240 V) [A] 1.8 3.3 6.3 10.2 14.4
Max. cable size:

(mains, motor) [mm2/AWG]

Continuous (1x200-240 V) [A] 3.3 6.1 11.6 18.7 26.4
Intermittent (1x200-240 V) [A] 4.5 8.3 15.6 26.4 37.0
Max. mains fuses [A]
Environment
Estimated power loss [W], Best case/

1)

Typical
Weight enclosure IP20 [kg] 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.6 3.0

Efficiency [%], Best case/Typical

1)

PK18

0.18

12.5/

15.5

95.6/

94.5

PK37

0.37

20.0/

25.0

96.5/

95.6

PK75

0.75

4/10

See 6.6.1

36.5/

44.0

96.6/

96.0

Fuses

P1K5

1.5

61.0/

67.0

97.0/

96.7

P2K2

2.2

81.0/

85.1

96.9/

97.1

Table 9.1 Mains Supply 1x200-240 V AC

1. At rated load conditions.

9.1.2 Mains Supply 3x200-240 V AC

9 9

Normal overload 150% for 1 min
Frequency converter
Typical Shaft Output [kW]
Typical Shaft Output [HP] 0.33 0.5 1 2 3 5
IP 20 Frame M1 Frame M1 Frame M1 Frame M2 Frame M3 Frame M3
Output current

Max. input current

Continuous (3x200-240 V) [A] 1.5 2.2 4.2 6.8 9.6 15.2
Intermittent (3x200-240 V) [A] 2.3 3.3 6.3 10.2 14.4 22.8
Max. cable size:

(mains, motor) [mm2

Continuous (3x200-240 V) [A] 2.4 3.5 6.7 10.9 15.4 24.3
Intermittent (3x200-240 V) [A] 3.2 4.6 8.3 14.4 23.4 35.3
Max.mains fuses [A]
Environment
Estimated power loss [W], Best case/

1)

Typical
Weight enclosure IP20 [kg] 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.6 3.0 3.0

Efficiency [%], Best case/Typical

/AWG]

1)

PK25

0.25

14.0/

20.0

96.4/

94.9

PK37

0.37

19.0/

24.0

96.7/

95.8

PK75

0.75

See 6.6.1

31.5/

39.5

97.1/

96.3

4/10

P1K5

1.5

Fuses

51.0/

57.0

97.4/

97.2

P2K2

2.2

72.0/

77.1

97.2/

97.4

P3K7

3.7

115.0/

122.8

97.3/

97.4

Table 9.2 Mains Supply 3x200-240 V AC

1)

At rated load conditions.

MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

89

Specifications

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

9.1.3 Mains Supply 3x380-480 V AC

Normal overload 150% for 1 min
Frequency converter

Shaft Output [kW]

Typical
Typical Shaft Output [HP] 0.5 1 2 3 4 5

IP 20
Output current

Continuous (3x380-440 V) [A] 1.2 2.2 3.7 5.3 7.2 9.0
Intermittent (3x380-440 V) [A] 1.8 3.3 5.6 8.0 10.8 13.7
Continuous (3x440-480 V) [A] 1.1 2.1 3.4 4.8 6.3 8.2
Intermittent (3x440-480 V) [A] 1.7 3.2 5.1 7.2 9.5 12.3
Max. cable size:

AWG]

1)

Max. input current

(mains, motor) [mm2/

Continuous (3x380-440 V) [A] 1.9 3.5 5.9 8.5 11.5 14.4
Intermittent (3x380-440 V) [A] 2.6 4.7 8.7 12.6 16.8 20.2
Continuous (3x440-480 V) [A] 1.7 3.0 5.1 7.3 9.9 12.4
Intermittent (3x440-480 V) [A] 2.3 4.0 7.5 10.8 14.4 17.5
Max. mains fuses [A]
Environment
Estimated power loss [W], Best case/

1)

Typical
Weight enclosure IP20 [kg] 1.1 1.1 1.6 1.6 3.0 3.0

Efficiency [%], Best case/Typical

PK37

0.37

FrameM1Frame

18.5/

25.5

96.8/

95.5

PK75

0.75

M1

28.5/

43.5

97.4/

96.0

P1K5

1.5

Frame

M2

See 6.6

41.5/

56.5

98.0/

97.2

4/10

P2K2

Frame

Fuses

57.5/

81.5

97.9/

97.1

2.2

M2

P3K0

3.0

Frame

M3

75.0/

101.6

98.0/

97.2

Frame

P4K0

4.0

M3

98.5/

133.5

98.0/

97.3

99

Table 9.3 Mains Supply 3x380-480 V AC

1)

At rated load conditions.

Normal overload 150% or 1 min
Frequency converter

Shaft Output [kW]

Typical
Typical Shaft Output [HP] 7.5 10 15 20 25 30

IP 20
Output current

Continuous (3x380-440 V) [A] 12.0 15.5 23.0 31.0 37.0 42.0
Intermittent (3x380-440 V) [A] 18.0 23.5 34.5 46.5 55.5 63.0
Continuous (3x440-480 V) [A] 11.0 14.0 21.0 27.0 34.0 40.0

Intermittent (3x440-480 V) [A]
Max. cable size:
(mains, motor) [mm2/AWG]

Max. input current

Continuous (3x380-440 V) [A] 19.2 24.8 33.0 42.0 34.7 41.2
Intermittent (3x380-440 V) [A] 27.4 36.3 47.5 60.0 49.0 57.6
Continuous (3x440-480 V) [A] 16.6 21.4 29.0 36.0 31.5 37.5
Intermittent (3x440-480 V) [A] 23.6 30.1 41.0 52.0 44.0 53.0
Max. mains fuses [A]
Environment
Estimated power loss [W], Best case/

1)

Typical
Weight enclosure IP20 [kg] 3.0 3.0

Efficiency [%], Best case/Typical

1)

P5K5

5.5

FrameM3Frame

16.5 21.3 31.5 40.5 51.0 60.0

131.0/

166.8

98.0/

97.5

P7K5

7.5

M3

4/10 16/6

175.0/

217.5

98.0/

97.5

P11K

11

FrameM4FrameM4FrameM5Frame

See 6.6

290.0/

342.0

97.8/

97.4

P15K

15

Fuses

387.0/

454.0

97.7/

97.4

P18K

18.5

395.0/

428.0

98.1/

98.0

467.0/

520.0

P22K

22

M5

98.1/

97.9

Table 9.4 Mains Supply 3x380-480 V AC

1)

At rated load conditions.

90 MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

Specifications

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Protection and features

Electronic thermal motor protection motor protection against overload.

•

Temperature monitoring of the heatsink ensures that the frequency converter trips in case of overtemperature.

•

The frequency converter is protected against short-circuits between motor terminals U, V, W.

•

If a motor phase is missing, the frequency converter trips and issues an alarm.

•

If a mains phase is missing, the frequency converter trips or issues a warning (depending on the load).

•

Monitoring of the intermediate circuit voltage ensures that the frequency converter trips if the intermediate circuit

•

voltage is too low or too high.
The frequency converter is protected against earth faults on motor terminals U, V, W.

•

Mains supply (L1/L, L2, L3/N)
Supply voltage 200-240 V ±10%
Supply voltage 380-480 V ±10%
Supply frequency 50/60 Hz
Max. imbalance temporary between mains phases 3.0% of rated supply voltage
True Power Factor ≥0.4 nominal at rated load
Displacement Power Factor (cosφ) near unity (>0.98)
Switching on input supply L1/L, L2, L3/N (power-ups) maximum 2 times/min.
Environment according to EN60664-1 overvoltage category III/pollution degree 2

The unit is suitable for use on a circuit capable of delivering not more than 100.000 RMS symmetrical Amperes, 240/480 V
maximum.

Motor output (U, V, W)
Output voltage 0-100% of supply voltage
Output frequency 0-200 Hz (VVC
Switching on output Unlimited
Ramp times 0.05-3600 s
Cable lengths and cross sections
Max. motor cable length, screened/armoured (EMC correct installation) 15 m
Max. motor cable length, unscreened/unarmoured 50 m
Max. cross section to motor, mains*
Connection to load sharing/brake (M1, M2, M3) 6.3 mm insulated Faston Plugs
Max. cross section to load sharing/brake (M4, M5) 16 mm2/6 AWG
Maximum cross section to control terminals, rigid wire 1.5 mm2/16 AWG (2x0.75 mm2)
Maximum cross section to control terminals, flexible cable 1 mm2/18 AWG
Maximum cross section to control terminals, cable with enclosed core 0.5 mm2/20 AWG
Minimum cross section to control terminals 0.25 mm

* See 9 Specifications for more information!

Digital inputs (pulse/encoder inputs)
Programmable digital inputs (pulse/encoder) 5 (1)
Terminal number 18, 19, 27, 29, 33,
Logic PNP or NPN
Voltage level 0-24 V DC
Voltage level, logic'0' PNP <5 V DC
Voltage level, logic'1' PNP >10 V DC
Voltage level, logic '0' NPN >19 V DC
Voltage level, logic '1' NPN <14 V DC
Maximum voltage on input 28 V DC
Input resistance, R
Max. pulse frequency at terminal 33 5000 Hz
Min. pulse frequency at terminal 33 20 Hz

i

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

plus

), 0-400 Hz (u/f)

approx. 4 kΩ

9 9

2

MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

91

Specifications

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Analog Inputs
Number of analog inputs 2
Terminal number 53, 60
Voltage mode (Terminal 53) Switch S200=OFF(U)
Current mode (Terminal 53 and 60) Switch S200=ON(I)
Voltage level 0-10 V
Input resistance, R
Max. voltage 20 V
Current level 0/4 to 20 mA (scaleable)
Input resistance, R
Max. current 30 mA

Analog output
Number of programmable analog outputs 1
Terminal number 42
Current range at analog output 0/4-20 mA
Max. load to common at analog output 500 Ω
Max. voltage at analog output 17 V
Accuracy on analog output Max. error: 0.8% of full scale
Scan interval 4 ms
Resolution on analog output 8 bit
Scan interval 4 ms

i

i

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

approx. 10 kΩ

approx. 200 Ω

Control card, RS-485 serial communication

99

Terminal number 68 (P,TX+, RX+), 69 (N,TX-, RX-)
Terminal number 61 Common for terminals 68 and 69
Control card, 24 V DC output
Terminal number 12
Max. load (M1 and M2) 100 mA
Max. load (M3) 50 mA
Max. load (M4 and M5) 80 mA
Relay output
Programmable relay output 1
Relay 01 Terminal number 01-03 (break), 01-02 (make)
Max. terminal load (AC-1)1) on 01-02 (NO) (Resistive load) 250 V AC, 2 A
Max. terminal load (AC-15)1) on
Max. terminal load (DC-1)1) on 01-02 (NO) (Resistive load) 30 V DC, 2 A
Max. terminal load (DC-13)1) on 01-02 (NO) (Inductive load) 24 V DC, 0.1 A
Max. terminal load (AC-1)1) on 01-03 (NC) (Resistive load) 250 V AC, 2 A
Max. terminal load (AC-15)1) on 01-03 (NC) (Inductive load @ cosφ 0.4) 250 V AC, 0.2 A
Max. terminal load (DC-1)1) on 01-03 (NC) (Resistive load) 30 V DC, 2 A
Min. terminal load on 01-03 (NC), 01-02 (NO) 24 V DC 10 mA, 24 V AC 20 mA
Environment according to EN 60664-1 overvoltage category III/pollution degree 2

1)

IEC 60947 part 4 and 5

Control card, 10 V DC output
Terminal number 50
Output voltage 10.5 V ±0.5 V
Max. load 25 mA

01-02 (NO) (Inductive load @ cosφ 0.4) 250 V AC, 0.2 A

NOTE

All inputs, outputs, circuits, DC supplies and relay contacts are galvanically isolated from the supply voltage (PELV) and other
high-voltage terminals.

92 MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

Specifications

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Surroundings
Enclosure IP20
Enclosure kit available IP21, TYPE 1
Vibration test 1.0 g
Max. relative humidity 5%-95 % (IEC 60721-3-3; Class 3K3 (non-condensing) during operation
Aggressive environment (IEC 60721-3-3), coated class 3C3
Test method according to IEC 60068-2-43 H2S (10 days)
Ambient temperature Max. 40 °C

Derating for high ambient temperature, see 4.2.2 Derating for Ambient Temperature

Minimum ambient temperature during full-scale operation 0 °C
Minimum ambient temperature at reduced performance - 10 °C
Temperature during storage/transport -25 to +65/70 °C
Maximum altitude above sea level without derating 1000 m
Maximum altitude above sea level with derating 3000 m

Derating for high altitude, see 4.2 Special Conditions

Safety standards EN/IEC 61800-5-1, UL 508C
EMC standards, Emission EN 61800-3, EN 61000-6-3/4, EN 55011, IEC 61800-3

EMC standards, Immunity

See 4.2 Special Conditions

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

EN 61800-3, EN 61000-6-1/2, EN 61000-4-2, EN 61000-4-3,

EN 61000-4-4, EN 61000-4-5, EN 61000-4-6

9 9

MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

93

Index

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VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

Index

A

Abbreviations........................................................................................... 6

Active Set-up.......................................................................................... 63

Advanced Vecter Control..................................................................... 8

Aggressive Environments.................................................................. 12

Air Humidity........................................................................................... 12

Aluminium Conductors...................................................................... 52

Ambient Temperature........................................................................ 93

Analog Inputs................................................................................ 7, 8, 92

Automatic

Adaptations To Ensure Performance........................................ 42

Motor Tuning (AMT).................................................................

59, 65

B

Better Control........................................................................................ 15

Break-away Torque................................................................................. 7

Building Management System, BMS............................................. 14

Bus Termination.................................................................................... 58

Disposal Instruction............................................................................. 11

Drive Configurator............................................................................... 43

E

Earth Leakage Current................................................................. 62, 24

Earthing

Earthing............................................................................................... 55

Of Screened/Armoured Control Cables................................... 55

Edit Set-up............................................................................................... 63

Electrical Installation.................................................................... 52, 57

EMC

Directive 89/336/EEC...................................................................... 12

Precautions........................................................................................ 71

Test Results (Emission)................................................................... 22

EMC-Correct Electrical Installation................................................. 52

Emission Requirements

Energy Savings............................................................................... 15, 13

Equalising Cable.................................................................................... 55

Example Of Energy Savings.............................................................. 14

Extreme Running Conditions........................................................... 24

...................................................................... 21

C

Cable

Clamp................................................................................................... 55

Length And Cross-section............................................................. 52

Lengths And Cross Sections......................................................... 91

CE Conformity And Labeling

Clearance................................................................................................. 47

Coasting....................................................................................... 86, 7, 85

Comparison Of Energy Savings....................................................... 14

Control

Cables

................................................................................................... 57

Card, 24 V DC Output..................................................................... 92

Structure Closed Loop.................................................................... 18

Structure Open Loop...................................................................... 18

Terminals............................................................................................. 58

Word..................................................................................................... 84

Controlling Fans And Pumps........................................................... 13

............................................................ 11

D

DANGEROUS VOLTAGE...................................................................... 10

Data Types Supported By The Frequency Converter.............. 75

DC Brake................................................................................................... 85

De-Coupling........................................................................................... 30

Definitions................................................................................................. 7

Derating For Low Air Pressure......................................................... 42

Digital

Inputs................................................................................................... 91

Inputs (pulse/encoder Inputs)..................................................... 91

Display

...................................................................................................... 63

F

FC

Profile................................................................................................... 84

With Modbus RTU............................................................................ 72

Final Set-Up And Test.......................................................................... 58

Freeze Output.......................................................................................... 7

Frequency

Converter Hardware Set-up......................................................... 70

Converter Set-up.............................................................................. 72

Converter With Modbus RTU....................................................... 77

Function Codes Supported By Modbus RTU.............................. 80

G

Galvanic Isolation

General Aspects Of EMC Emissions................................................ 21

................................................................................. 23

H

Harmonics Emission Requirements............................................... 23

High Voltage Test................................................................................. 62

Hold Output Frequency..................................................................... 85

How

To Connect A PC To The Frequency Converter..................... 61

To Control The Frequency Converter....................................... 80

To Order.............................................................................................. 43

I

Immunity Requirements.................................................................... 23

Index (IND).............................................................................................. 74

Indicator Lights..................................................................................... 64

94 MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

Index

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Initialise The Frequency Converter................................................ 69

Installation At High Altitudes........................................................... 10

Intermediate Circuit.............................................................................

IP21/TYPE 1 Enclosure Kit

.................................................................. 30

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

24

J

......................................................................................................... 7, 85

Jog

N

Name Plate Data................................................................................... 58

Navigation Keys............................................................................. 26, 64

Network

Configuration.................................................................................... 77

Connection......................................................................................... 70

L

Laws Of Proportionality
LCP

............................................................................................. 8, 18, 26

LCP
11

........................................................................................................... 63

........................................................................................................... 63

12

Copy...................................................................................................... 68

Leakage Current.................................................................................... 24

Legal Information................................................................................... 5

Load Drive Settings.............................................................................. 61

Local (Hand On) And Remote (Auto On) Control...................... 18

......................................................................

14

M

Main Menu................................................................................ 26, 64, 68

Mains

Drop-out.............................................................................................. 24

Supply.............................................................................................. 9, 89

Supply (L1/L, L2, L3/N)................................................................... 91

Supply 1x200-240 V AC.................................................................. 89

Supply 3x200-240 V AC.................................................................. 89

Supply 3x380-480 V AC.................................................................. 90

Maximum Reference........................................................................... 66

MCT 10 Set-up Software

Minimum Reference..................................................................... 65, 66

Modbus

Communication................................................................................ 71

Exception Codes............................................................................... 80

RTU Overview.................................................................................... 76

Moment Of Inertia................................................................................ 24

Motor

Cables................................................................................................... 51

Connection......................................................................................... 51

Current................................................................................................. 65

Direction.............................................................................................. 64

Frequency........................................................................................... 65

Name Plate......................................................................................... 58

Name Plate Data............................................................................... 58

Nominal Speed................................................................................. 65

Output (U, V, W)................................................................................ 91

Phases.................................................................................................. 24

Power................................................................................................... 65

Protection.................................................................................... 60, 91

Thermal Protection................................................................... 87, 24

Voltage................................................................................................. 65

Motor-generated Over-voltage....................................................... 24

....................................................................... 2

O

Operation Keys............................................................................... 26, 64

Options And Accessories................................................................... 26

Output Performance (U, V, W).......................................................... 91

Overcurrent Protection...................................................................... 50

P

Parallel Connection Of Motors......................................................... 60

Parameter

Number................................................................................................ 63

Number (PNU)................................................................................... 74

................................................................................................... 81

Values

Pay Back Period..................................................................................... 15

PC Software Tools................................................................................. 61

PELV - Protective Extra Low Voltage

PLC............................................................................................................. 55

Power

Circuit - Overview............................................................................. 56

Factor...................................................................................................... 9

Protection

Protection...................................................................... 12, 23, 24, 50

And Features...................................................................................... 91

Protocol Overview................................................................................ 71

Public Supply Network....................................................................... 23

.............................................. 23

Q

Quick

Menu.............................................................................................. 26, 64

Menu Parameters............................................................................. 65

Transfer Of Parameter Settings Between Multiple Frequen-

cy Converters...... 68

R

Ramp1

Ramp-down Time............................................................................ 66

Ramp-up Time................................................................................... 66

Rated Motor Speed................................................................................ 7

RCD

........................................................................................................ 8, 24

Read Holding Registers (03 HEX).................................................... 83

Read-out And Programming Of Indexed Parameters

Readout Mode....................................................................................... 64

Recommended Initialisation............................................................ 69

............. 68

MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

95

Index

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Reference

Reference............................................................................................ 11

Handling.............................................................................................. 20

Relay Output.......................................................................................... 92

Residual Current Device.............................................................. 24, 55

RS-485

RS-485.................................................................................................. 70

Bus Connection.................................................................................

Installation And Set-up

.................................................................. 70

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Design Guide

61

U

UL Compliance...................................................................................... 50

UNINTENDED START

Unit............................................................................................................ 63

Unsuccessful AMT................................................................................ 59

Use Of EMC-Correct Cables............................................................... 54

Using A Frequency Converter Saves Money............................... 16

............................................................................ 10

S

S200 Switches 1-4
Safety

Earth Connection

Note

...................................................................................................... 10

Regulations........................................................................................ 10

Save Drive Settings.............................................................................. 61

Screened/armoured

Screening Of Cables............................................................................ 52

Serial

Communication......................................................................... 55, 64

Communication Port......................................................................... 7

Set Speed Limit And Ramp Time.................................................... 59

Set-up Number...................................................................................... 63

Short Circuit (Motor Phase – Phase).............................................. 24

Soft-starter.............................................................................................. 15

Software Version..................................................................................... 5

Star/Delta Starter.................................................................................. 15

Status

Status.................................................................................................... 26

Menu..................................................................................................... 64

Word..................................................................................................... 86

Successful AMT...................................................................................... 59

Surroundings......................................................................................... 93

Switches
Switching

Symbols...................................................................................................... 6

................................................................................................... 58

Frequency........................................................................................... 52

On The Output.................................................................................. 24

.................................................................................

............................................................................. 62

............................................................................ 57

58

V

.......................................................................................................... 63

Value

Variable Control Of Flow And Pressure........................................ 15

Varying Flow Over 1 Year................................................................... 15

Vibration And Shock............................................................................ 13

Voltage Level

VVC............................................................................................................... 9

.......................................................................................... 91

W

What Is Covered.................................................................................... 11

T

Telegram Length (LGE)....................................................................... 72

The

EMC Directive (89/336/EEC)......................................................... 11

Low-voltage Directive (73/23/EEC)............................................ 11

Machinery Directive (98/37/EEC)............................................... 11

Thermistor................................................................................................. 8

Two Finger Initialization.................................................................... 69

Type

1 (NEMA).............................................................................................. 30

Code String......................................................................................... 43

96 MG02K202 - VLT® is a registered Danfoss trademark

132R0059 MG02K202 Rev. 2012-07-31

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*MG02K202*