Danfoss FC 202 Design guide

Design Guide

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51

vlt-drives.danfoss.com

Contents Design Guide

Contents

1 Introduction

1.1 Available Literature

1.2 Manual and Software Version

1.3 Abbreviations

1.4 Denitions

1.5 Power Factor

2 Safety and Conformity

2.1 Safety

2.2 Disposal Instruction

2.3 Approvals

2.4 CE Labeling

2.6 Aggressive Environments

2.7 Vibration and Shock

2.8 Advantages

3 Product Overview

3.1 Control Structures

3.1.1 Control Structure Open Loop 18

3.1.2 Local (Hand On) and Remote (Auto On) Control 18

3.1.3 Control Structure Closed Loop 18

3.1.4 Reference Handling 20

3.2 General Aspects of EMC

3.2.1 General Aspects of EMC Emissions 21

3.2.2 Emission Requirements 22

3.2.3 EMC Test Results (Emission) 22

3.2.4 Harmonics Emission Requirements 23

3.2.5 Immunity Requirements 23

3.3 Galvanic Isolation (PELV)

3.4 Ground Leakage Current

3.5 Extreme Running Conditions

3.5.1 Motor Thermal Protection 24

4 Selection

4.1 Options and Accessories

4.1.1 Local Control Panel (LCP) 26

4.1.2 Remote Mounting Kit for LCP 26

4.1.3 FC 51 Remote Mounting Kit Mounting Instruction 26

4.1.4 IP21/TYPE 1 Enclosure Kit 28

4.1.5 Type 1 (NEMA) 28

Contents

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51

4.1.6 Decoupling Plate 28

4.1.7 FC 51 Type 1 Kit Mounting Instruction for M1, M2 and M3 29

4.1.8 FC 51 Type 1 Kit Mounting Instruction for M4 and M5 29

4.1.9 FC 51 IP21 Kit Mounting Instruction 30

4.1.10 FC 51 Decoupling Plate Mounting Instruction for M1 and M2 31

4.1.11 FC 51 Decoupling Plate Mounting Instruction for M3 31

4.1.12 FC 51 Decoupling Plate Mounting Instruction for M4 and M5 32

4.1.13 FC 51 DIN Rail Kit Mounting Instruction 33

4.1.14 Line Filter MCC 107 Installation Instructions 33

4.1.15 Mounting 34

4.1.16 Wiring 34

4.1.17 Dimensions 35

4.2 Special Conditions

4.2.1 Purpose of Derating 36

4.2.2 Derating for Ambient Temperature 36

4.2.3 Derating for Low Air Pressure 37

4.2.4 Automatic Adaptations to Ensure Performance 37

4.2.5 Derating for Running at Low Speed 37

5 How to Order

5.1 Drive Congurator

5.2 FC Identication

5.3 Type Code

5.4 Ordering Numbers

5.5 Options

6 How to Install

6.1 Before Starting

6.2 Side-by-Side Installation

6.3 Before Commencing Repair Work

6.4 Mechanical Dimensions

6.5 Electrical Installation in General

6.6 Fuses

6.7 Mains Connection

6.8 Motor Connection

6.9 Use of EMC-Correct Cables

6.10 Grounding of Shielded/Armored Control Cables

6.11 Residual Current Device

6.12 Electrical Overview

6.12.1 Power Circuit - Overview 50

6.13 Electrical Installation and Control Cables

Contents Design Guide

6.14 Control Terminals

6.14.1 Access to Control Terminals 51

6.14.2 Connecting to Control Terminals 52

6.15 Switches

6.16 Final Set-Up and Test

6.17 Parallel Connection of Motors

6.18 Motor Installation

6.19 Installation of Misc. Connections

6.20 Safety

6.20.1 High-voltage Test 56

6.20.2 Safety Ground Connection 56

7 Programming

7.1 How to Programme

7.1.2 Programming with the LCP 11 or LCP 12 57

7.2 Status Menu

7.3 Quick Menu

7.4 Quick Menu Parameters

7.5 Main Menu

7.6 Quick Transfer of Parameter Settings between Multiple Frequency Converters

7.7 Readout and Programming of Indexed Parameters

7.8 Initialize the Frequency Converter to Default Settings in two Ways

8 RS485 Installation and Set-up

8.1 RS485 Installation and Set-up

8.1.1 Overview 65

8.1.2 Network Connection 65

8.1.3 Frequency Converter Hardware Set-up 65

8.1.4 EMC Precautions 66

8.2 FC Protocol Overview

8.3 Network Conguration

8.4 FC Protocol Message Framing Structure

8.4.1 Content of a Character (byte) 67

8.4.2 Telegram Structure 67

8.4.3 Telegram Length (LGE) 68

8.4.4 Frequency Converter Address (ADR) 68

8.4.5 Data Control Byte (BCC) 68

8.4.6 The Data Field 68

8.4.7 The PKE Field 69

8.4.8 Parameter Number (PNU) 70

8.4.9 Index (IND) 70

Contents

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51

8.4.10 Parameter Value (PWE) 70

8.4.11 Data Types Supported by the Frequency Converter 70

8.4.12 Conversion 70

8.4.13 Process Words (PCD) 70

8.5 Examples

8.6 Modbus RTU Overview

8.6.1 Prerequisite Knowledge 71

8.6.2 What the User Should Already Know 71

8.6.3 Overview 71

8.6.4 Frequency Converter with Modbus RTU 72

8.7 Network Conguration

8.8 Modbus RTU Message Framing Structure

8.8.1 Introduction 72

8.8.2 Modbus RTU Telegram Structure 73

8.8.3 Start/Stop Field 73

8.8.4 Address Field 73

8.8.6 Data Field 73

8.8.7 CRC Check Field 73

8.8.8 Coil Register Addressing 74

8.8.9 How to Control the Frequency Converter 75

8.8.10 Function Codes Supported by Modbus RTU 75

8.8.11 Modbus Exception Codes 76

8.9 How to Access Parameters

8.9.1 Parameter Handling 76

8.9.2 Storage of Data 76

8.10 Examples

8.10.1 Read Coil Status (01 hex) 77

8.10.2 Force/Write Single Coil (05 hex) 77

8.10.3 Force/Write Multiple Coils (0F hex) 78

8.10.4 Read Holding Registers (03 hex) 78

8.10.5 Preset Single Register (06 hex) 79

8.10.6 Preset Multiple Registers (10 hex) 79

8.11 FC Drive Control Prole

8.11.1 Control Word According to FC Prole 80

8.11.2 Status Word According to FC Prole (STW) 81

8.11.3 Bus Speed Reference Value 83

9 Specications

Index

Introduction Design Guide

1 Introduction

1.1 Available Literature

This design guide contains the basic information necessary for installing and running the frequency converter.

Danfoss technical literature is available in print from local Danfoss Sales

drives.danfoss.com/support/technical-documentation/

•

Manual and Software Version

1.2

This manual is regularly reviewed and updated. All suggestions for improvement are welcome. Table 1.1 shows the manual version and the corresponding software version.

Edition Remarks Software version

MG02K4XX Miscellaneous minor

Table 1.1 Manual and Software Version

Oces or online at: www.vlt-

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Quick Guide

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Programming Guide

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 LCP Mounting Instruction

Micro Drive FC 51 De-coupling Plate Mounting

VLT Instruction

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Remote Mounting Kit Mounting Instruction

Micro Drive FC 51 DIN Rail Kit Mounting

VLT Instruction

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 IP21 Kit Mounting Instruction

VLT

Micro Drive FC 51 Nema1 Kit Mounting

Instruction

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51 Line Filter MCC 107 Installation Instruction

3.1X

updates.

Abbreviations

1.3

°C

A Ampere/AMP

AC Alternating current

AMT Automatic motor tuning

AWG American wire gauge

DC Direct current

EMC Electro magnetic compatibility

ETR Electronic thermal relay

FC Frequency converter

M,N

g Gram

Hz Hertz

INV

LIM

M,N

VLT,MAX

VLT,N

kHz Kilohertz

LCP Local control panel

m Meter

mA Milliampere

MCT Motion control tool

mH Millihenry inductance

min Minute

ms Millisecond

nF Nanofarad

Nm Newton meters

M,N

PCB Printed circuit board

PELV Protective extra low voltage

RPM Revolutions per minute

Regen Regenerative terminals

s Second

LIM

M,N

V Volt

Degrees celsius

Nominal motor frequency

Rated inverter output current

Current limit

Nominal motor current

The maximum output current

The rated output current supplied by the

frequency converter

Synchronous motor speed

Nominal motor power

Torque limit

Nominal motor voltage

1 1

Table 1.2 Abbreviations

175ZA078.10

Pull-out

rpm

Torque

Introduction

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51

1.4 Denitions

Break-away torque

1.4.1 Frequency Converter

VLT,MAX

The maximum output current.

VLT N

The rated output current supplied by the frequency converter.

VLT,MAX

The maximum output voltage.

1.4.2 Input

Control command

The connected motor can be started and stopped with LCP and the digital inputs. Functions are divided into 2 groups. Functions in group 1 have higher priority than functions in group 2.

Group 1 Reset, coast stop, reset and coast stop, quick

stop, DC brake, stop, and the [O] key.

Group 2 Start, pulse start, reversing, start reversing, jog,

and freeze output.

Table 1.3 Function Groups

Illustration 1.1 Break-away Torque

VLT

The eciency of the frequency converter is dened as the ratio between the power output and the power input.

Start-disable command

A stop command belonging to the group 1 control commands, see Table 1.3.

Stop command

See Table 1.3.

1.4.3 Motor

JOG

The motor frequency when the jog function is activated (via digital terminals).

The motor frequency.

MAX

The maximum motor frequency.

MIN

The minimum motor frequency.

M,N

The rated motor frequency (nameplate data).

The motor current.

M,N

The rated motor current (nameplate data).

M,N

The nominal motor speed (nameplate data).

M,N

The rated motor power (nameplate data).

The instant motor voltage.

M,N

The rated motor voltage (nameplate data).

1.4.4 References

Analog reference

A signal transmitted to the analog inputs 53 or 54, can be voltage or current.

Bus reference

A signal transmitted to the serial communication port (FC port).

Preset reference

A dened preset reference to be set from -100% to +100% of the reference range. Selection of 8 preset references via the digital terminals.

Ref

MAX

Determines the relationship between the reference input at 100% full scale value (typically 10 V, 20 mA) and the resulting reference. The maximum reference value set in parameter 3-03 Maximum Reference.

Ref

MIN

Determines the relationship between the reference input at 0% value (typically 0 V, 0 mA, 4 mA) and the resulting reference. The minimum reference value set in parameter 3-02 Minimum Reference.

Introduction Design Guide

1.4.5 Miscellaneous

Analog inputs

The analog inputs are used for controlling various functions of the frequency converter. There are 2 types of analog inputs:

Current input, 0–20 mA and 4–20 mA

•

Voltage input, 0–10 V DC.

•

Analog outputs

The analog outputs can supply a signal of 0–20 mA, 4–20 mA, or a digital signal.

Automatic Motor Tuning, AMT

AMT algorithm determines the electrical parameters for the connected motor at standstill.

Brake resistor

The brake resistor is a module capable of absorbing the brake power generated in regenerative braking. This regenerative brake power increases the DC-link voltage, and a brake chopper ensures that the power is transmitted to the brake resistor.

CT characteristics

Constant torque characteristics used for all applications such as conveyor belts, displacement pumps, and cranes.

Digital inputs

The digital inputs can be used for controlling various functions of the frequency converter.

Relay outputs

The frequency converter features 2 programmable relay outputs.

ETR

Electronic thermal relay is a thermal load calculation based on present load and time. Its purpose is to estimate the motor temperature.

Initializing

If initializing is carried out (parameter 14-22 Operation Mode), the programmable parameters of the frequency

converter return to their default settings. Initializing parameter 14-22 Operation Mode does not initialize communication parameters.

Intermittent duty cycle

An intermittent duty rating refers to a sequence of duty cycles. Each cycle consists of an on-load and an period. The operation can be either periodic duty or noneperiodic duty.

LCP

The local control panel makes up a complete interface for control and programming of the frequency converter. The control panel is detachable and can be installed up to 3 m from the frequency converter, that is, in a front panel with the installation kit option.

lsb

Least signicant bit.

o-load

MCM

Short for Mille Circular Mil, an American measuring unit for cable cross-section. 1 MCM ≡ 0.5067 mm2.

msb

Most signicant bit.

On-line/O-line parameters

Changes to on-line parameters are activated immediately after the data value is changed. To activate changes to o- line parameters, press [OK].

PI controller

The PI controller maintains the speed, pressure, temperature, and so on, by adjusting the output frequency to match the varying load.

RCD

Residual current device.

Set-up

Save parameter settings in 2 set-ups. Change between the 2 parameter set-ups and edit 1 set-up, while another setup is active.

Slip compensation

The frequency converter compensates for the motor slip by giving the frequency a supplement that follows the measured motor load keeping the motor speed almost constant.

Smart logic control (SLC)

The SLC is a sequence of user-dened actions executed when the associated user-dened events are evaluated as true by the SLC.

Thermistor

A temperature-dependent resistor.

STW

Status word.

FC standard bus

Includes RS485 bus with FC protocol.

Trip

A state entered in fault situations, for example, if the frequency converter is subject to an overtemperature or when the frequency converter is protecting the motor, process, or mechanism. Restart is prevented until the cause of the fault has disappeared and the trip state is canceled by activating reset or, sometimes, by being programmed to reset automatically. Do not use trip for personal safety.

Trip lock

A state entered in fault situations when the frequency converter is protecting itself and requiring physical intervention, for example, if the frequency converter is subject to a short circuit on the output. A trip lock can only be canceled by cutting o mains, removing the cause of the fault, and reconnecting the frequency converter. Restart is prevented until the trip state is canceled by activating reset or, sometimes, by being programmed to reset automatically. Trip lock may not be used for personal safety.

1 1

Introduction

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51

VT characteristics

Variable torque characteristics used for pumps and fans.

VVC

If compared with standard voltage/frequency ratio control, voltage vector control (VVC+) improves the dynamics and the stability, both when the speed reference is changed and in relation to the load torque.

1.5 Power Factor

The power factor is the relation between I

3 × U × I

Power factor =

3 × U × I

1 ×COS ϕ

RMS

The power factor for 3-phase control:

Power factor =

I1 × cosϕ1

RMS

sincecosϕ1 = 1

RMS

The power factor indicates to which extent the frequency converter imposes a load on the supply. The lower the power factor, the higher the I same kW performance.

= I

 + I

RMS

 + I

 +  .  .  + I

In addition, a high-power factor indicates that the dierent harmonic currents are low.

and I

RMS

for the

Safety and Conformity Design Guide

2 Safety and Conformity

2.1 Safety

The following symbols are used in this manual:

WARNING

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation that could result in death or serious injury.

CAUTION

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation that could result in minor or moderate injury. It can also be used to alert against unsafe practices.

NOTICE

Indicates important information, including situations that can result in damage to equipment or property.

2.1.1 Safety Precautions

WARNING

UNINTENDED START

When the frequency converter is connected to AC mains, DC supply, or load sharing, the motor may start at any time. Unintended start during programming, service, or repair work can result in death, serious injury, or property damage. The motor can start with an external switch, a eldbus command, an input reference signal from the LCP or LOP, via remote operation using MCT 10 Set-up Software, or after a cleared fault condition.

To prevent unintended motor start:

Press [O/Reset] on the LCP before

•

programming parameters.

Disconnect the frequency converter from the

•

mains.

Completely wire and assemble the frequency

•

converter, motor, and any driven equipment before connecting the frequency converter to AC mains, DC supply, or load sharing.

2 2

WARNING

HIGH VOLTAGE

Frequency converters contain high voltage when connected to AC mains input, DC supply, or load sharing. Failure to perform installation, start-up, and maintenance by qualied personnel can result in death or serious injury.

Only qualied personnel must perform instal-

•

lation, start-up, and maintenance.

WARNING

DISCHARGE TIME

The frequency converter contains DC-link capacitors, which can remain charged even when the frequency converter is not powered. High voltage can be present even when the warning LED indicator lights are o. Failure to wait the specied time after power has been removed before performing service or repair work can result in death or serious injury.

Stop the motor.

•

Disconnect AC mains and remote DC-link power

•

supplies, including battery back-ups, UPS, and DC-link connections to other frequency converters.

Disconnect or lock PM motor.

•

Wait for the capacitors to discharge fully. The

•

minimum duration of waiting time is specied in Table 2.1.

Before performing any service or repair work,

•

use an appropriate voltage measuring device to make sure that the capacitors are fully discharged.

Size Minimum waiting time (minutes)

M1, M2, and M3 4

M4 and M5 15

Table 2.1 Discharge Time

Safety and Conformity

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51

WARNING

LEAKAGE CURRENT HAZARD

Leakage currents exceed 3.5 mA. Failure to ground the frequency converter properly can result in death or serious injury.

Ensure the correct grounding of the equipment

•

by a certied electrical installer.

WARNING

EQUIPMENT HAZARD

Contact with rotating shafts and electrical equipment can result in death or serious injury.

Ensure that only trained and qualied personnel

•

perform installation, start-up, and maintenance.

Ensure that electrical work conforms to national

•

and local electrical codes.

Follow the procedures in this guide.

•

WARNING

UNINTENDED MOTOR ROTATION WINDMILLING

Unintended rotation of permanent magnet motors creates voltage and can charge the unit, resulting in death, serious injury, or equipment damage.

Ensure that permanent magnet motors are

•

blocked to prevent unintended rotation.

CAUTION

INTERNAL FAILURE HAZARD

An internal failure in the frequency converter can result in serious injury when the frequency converter is not properly closed.

Ensure that all safety covers are in place and

•

securely fastened before applying power.

2.2 Disposal Instruction

Equipment containing electrical

components cannot be disposed of

together with domestic waste.

It must be separately collected with

electrical and electronic waste according

to local and currently valid legislation.

The frequency converter complies with UL 508C thermal memory retention requirements. For more information refer to chapter 3.5.1 Motor Thermal Protection.

2.4 CE Labeling

2.4.1 CE Conformity and Labeling

What is CE conformity and labeling?

The purpose of CE labelling is to avoid technical trade obstacles within EFTA and the EU. The EU has introduced the CE label as a simple way of showing whether a product complies with the relevant EU directives. The CE label says nothing about the specications or quality of the product. Frequency converters are regulated by 3 EU directives:

The Machinery Directive (98/37/EEC)

All machines with critical moving parts are covered by the machinery directive of January 1, 1995. Since a frequency converter is largely electrical, it does not fall under the machinery directive. However, if a frequency converter is supplied for use in a machine, Danfoss provides information on safety aspects relating to the frequency converter. Danfoss does this with a manufacturer's declaration.

The Low Voltage Directive (73/23/EEC)

Frequency converters must be CE labeled in accordance with the Low Voltage Directive of January 1, 1997. The directive applies to all electrical equipment and appliances used in the 50–1000 V AC and the 75–1500 V DC voltage ranges. Danfoss CE-labels in accordance with the directive and issues a declaration of conformity on request.

The EMC Directive (2004/108/EC)

EMC is short for electromagnetic compatibility. The presence of electromagnetic compatibility means that the mutual interference between appliances does not aect the way the appliances work. The EMC directive came into eect January 1, 1996. Danfoss CE-labels in accordance with the directive and issues a declaration of conformity after request. To carry out EMC-correct installation, see the instructions in this design guide. In addition, Danfoss species which standards our products comply with. Danfoss oers the lters presented in the specications and provide other types of assistance to ensure the optimum EMC result.

The frequency converter is most often used by professionals of the trade as a complex component forming part of a larger appliance, system, or installation. Note that the responsibility for the nal EMC properties of the appliance, system or installation rests with the installer.

dierent components/

2.3 Approvals

Safety and Conformity Design Guide

2.4.2 What is Covered

The EU Guidelines on the Application of Council Directive 89/336/EEC outline 3 typical situations of using a frequency converter. See chapter 2.4.3 Danfoss Frequency Converter and CE Labelling for EMC coverage and CE labelling.

The frequency converter is sold directly to the

•

end-consumer. The frequency converter is for example sold to a DIY market. The end-consumer is a layman. The end-consumer installs the frequency converter himself for use with a hobby machine, a kitchen appliance, and so on. For such applications, the frequency converter must be CE labeled in accordance with the EMC directive.

The frequency converter is sold for installation in

•

a plant. The plant is built up by professionals of the trade. It could be a production plant or a heating/ventilation plant designed and installed by professionals of the trade. Neither the frequency converter nor the be CE labeled under the EMC directive. However, the unit must comply with the basic EMC requirements of the directive. This is ensured by using components, appliances, and systems that are CE labeled under the EMC directive.

The frequency converter is sold as part of a

•

complete system. The system is being marketed as complete and could for example, be an airconditioning system. The complete system must be CE labeled in accordance with the EMC directive. The manufacturer can ensure CE labelling under the EMC directive either by using CE labeled components or by testing the EMC of the system. It is not necessary to test the entire system if only CE labeled components are selected.

nished plant has to

2.4.3 Danfoss Frequency Converter and CE Labelling

guarantees compliance with the Low Voltage Directive. Danfoss issues a declaration of conformity that conrms our CE labelling in accordance with the Low Voltage Directive.

The CE label also applies to the EMC directive if the instructions for EMC-correct installation and ltering are followed. On this basis, a declaration of conformity in accordance with the EMC directive is issued.

The design guide to ensure EMC-correct installation. Furthermore, Danfoss species which our dierent products comply with.

Danfoss provides other types of assistance that can help to obtain the best EMC result.

oers detailed instructions for installation

2.4.4 Compliance with EMC Directive 2004/108/EC

As mentioned, the frequency converter is mostly used by professionals of the trade as a complex component forming part of a larger appliance, system, or installation. Note that the responsibility for the nal EMC properties of the appliance, system, or installation rests with the installer. As an aid to the installer, Danfoss has prepared EMC installation guidelines for the power drive system. If the EMCcorrect instructions for installation are followed, the standards and test levels stated for power drive systems are complied with.

Air Humidity

2.5

The frequency converter has been designed to meet the IEC/EN 60068-2-3 standard, EN 50178 9.4.2.2 at 50 °C (122 °F).

Aggressive Environments

2.6

A frequency converter contains many mechanical and electronic components. All are to some extent vulnerable to environmental eects.

2 2

CE labelling is a positive feature when used for its original purpose, that is, to facilitate trade within the EU and EFTA.

However, CE labelling may cover many dierent speci- cations. Check what a given CE label specically covers.

The covered specications can be dierent and a CE label may therefore give the installer a false feeling of security when using a frequency converter as a component in a system or an appliance.

Danfoss CE labels the frequency converters in accordance with the Low Voltage Directive. This means that if the frequency converter is installed correctly, Danfoss

CAUTION

Do not install the frequency converter in environments with airborne liquids, particles, or gases that may aect or damage the electronic components. Failure to take necessary protective measures increases the risk of stoppages, potentially causing equipment damage and personnel injury.

Liquids can be carried through the air and condense in the frequency converter and may cause corrosion of components and metal parts. Steam, oil, and salt water may cause corrosion of components and metal parts. In such environments, use equipment with enclosure rating

130BA780.11

SYSTEM CURVE

FAN CURVE

PRESSURE %

100

120

20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

VOLUME %

Safety and Conformity

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51

IP54. As an extra protection, coated printed circuit boards

Advantages

2.8

can be ordered as an option (standard on some power sizes).

2.8.1 Why use a Frequency Converter for Controlling Fans and Pumps?

Airborne particles such as dust may cause mechanical, electrical, or thermal failure in the frequency converter. A typical indicator of excessive levels of airborne particles is dust particles around the frequency converter fan. In dusty environments, use equipment with enclosure rating IP54 or

A frequency converter takes advantage of the fact that centrifugal fans and pumps follow the laws of proportionality for such fans and pumps. For further information, see chapter 2.8.3 Example of Energy Savings.

a cabinet for IP20/TYPE 1 equipment.

2.8.2 The Clear Advantage - Energy Savings

In environments with high temperatures and humidity, corrosive gases such as sulphur, nitrogen, and chlorine compounds cause chemical processes on the frequency converter components.

Such chemical reactions rapidly

aect and damage the electronic components. In such environments, mount the equipment in a cabinet with fresh air ventilation, keeping aggressive gases away from the frequency converter. An extra protection in such areas is a coating of the printed circuit boards, which can be ordered as an option.

Before installing the frequency converter, check the ambient air for liquids, particles, and gases. This is done by observing existing installations in this environment. Typical indicators of harmful airborne liquids are water or oil on metal parts, or corrosion of metal parts.

The clear advantage of using a frequency converter for controlling the speed of fans or pumps lies in the electricity savings. When comparing with alternative control systems and technologies, a frequency converter is the optimum energy control system for controlling fan and pump systems.

Excessive dust particle levels are often found on installation cabinets and existing electrical installations. One indicator of aggressive airborne gases is blackening of copper rails and cable ends on existing installations.

Vibration and Shock

2.7

Illustration 2.1 Fan Curves (A, B, and C) for Reduced Fan

Volumes

The frequency converter has been tested according to the procedure based on the shown standards, Table 2.2.

The frequency converter complies with requirements that exist for units mounted on the walls and oors of production premises, and in panels bolted to walls or

oors.

IEC/EN 60068-2-6 Vibration (sinusoidal) - 1970

IEC/EN 60068-2-64 Vibration, broad-band random

Table 2.2 Standards

120

100

20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

120

100

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Volume %

INPUT POWER % PRESSURE %

SYSTEM CURVE

FAN CURVE

130BA781.11

ENERGY CONSUMED

100%

50%

25%

12,5%

50% 100%

80%

175HA208.10

Power ~n

Pressure ~n

Flow ~n

Safety and Conformity Design Guide

Illustration 2.3 Laws of Proportionally

Flow: 

Pressure: 

Power: 

 = 

2 2

Illustration 2.2 Energy Savings with Frequency Converter

Solution

When using a frequency converter to reduce fan capacity to 60% - more than 50% energy savings may be obtained in typical applications.

2.8.3 Example of Energy Savings

As shown in Illustration 2.3, the ow is controlled by changing the RPM. By reducing the speed by only 20% from the rated speed, the ow is also reduced by 20%. This is because the ow is directly proportional to the RPM. The consumption of electricity, however, is reduced by 50%. If the system in question only needs to be able to supply a ow that corresponds to 100% a few days in a year, while the average is below 80% of the rated ow for the remainder of the year, the amount of energy saved is even more than 50%.

Illustration 2.3 describes the dependence of and power consumption on RPM.

ow, pressure,

Q=Flow P=Power

Q1=Rated ow P1=Rated power

Q2=Reduced ow P2=Reduced power

H=Pressure n=Speed control

H1=Rated pressure n1=Rated speed

H2=Reduced pressure n2=Reduced speed

Table 2.3 The Laws of Proportionality

2.8.4 Comparison of Energy Savings

The Danfoss frequency converter solution oers major savings compared with traditional energy saving solutions such as discharge damper solution and inlet guide vanes (IGV) solution. This is because the frequency converter is able to control fan speed according to thermal load on the system, and the frequency converter has a built-in facility that enables the frequency converter to function as a building management system, BMS.

Illustration 2.3 shows typical energy savings obtainable with 3 well-known solutions when fan volume is reduced to 60%. As the graph shows, more than 50% energy savings can be achieved in typical applications.

130BA782.10

Discharge damper

Less energy savings

IGV

Costlier installation

Maximum energy savings

130BA779.12

0 60 0 60 0 60

100

Discharge Damper Solution

IGV Solution

VLT Solution

Energy consumed

Input power %

Volume %

500

[h]

1000

1500

2000

200100 300

/h]

400

175HA210.11

Safety and Conformity

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51

2.8.5 Example with Varying Flow over 1 Year

This example is calculated based on pump characteristics obtained from a pump datasheet. The result obtained shows energy savings more than 50% at the given ow distribution over a year. The payback period depends on the price per kWh and the price of frequency converter. In this example, it is less than a year when compared with valves and constant speed.

Energy savings

shaft=Pshaft output

Illustration 2.4 The 3 Common Energy Saving Systems

Illustration 2.6 Flow Distribution over 1 Year

Illustration 2.5 Energy Savings

Discharge dampers reduce power consumption. Inlet guide vanes oer a 40% reduction, but are expensive to install. The Danfoss frequency converter solution reduces energy consumption with more than 50% and is easy to install. It

and extends the life span of the entire application.

also reduces noise, mechanical stress and wear-and-tear,

175HA209.11

0 100 200 300 400

(mwg)

750rpm

1050rpm

1350rpm

1650rpm

(kW)

200100 300

(

m3 /h

)

(

m3 /h

)

400

750rpm

1050rpm

1350rpm

1650rpm

shaft

Full load

% Full-load current

& speed

500

100

0 12,5 25 37,5 50Hz

200

300

400

600

700

800

175HA227.10

Safety and Conformity Design Guide

Simple control of process (ow, level, or pressure) utilizing the built-in PI control.

2.8.7 Star/Delta Starter or Soft Starter not Required

When larger motors are started, it is necessary in many countries to use equipment that limits the start-up current. In more traditional systems, a star/delta starter or soft starter is widely used. Such motor starters are not required if a frequency converter is used.

As illustrated in Illustration 2.8, a frequency converter does not consume more than rated current.

2 2

Illustration 2.7 Energy

m3/

Distri-

bution

Valve regulation Frequency converter

% Hours Power Consump-

A1 - B

350 5 438 42.5 18.615 42.5 18.615

300 15 1314 38.5 50.589 29.0 38.106

250 20 1752 35.0 61.320 18.5 32.412

200 20 1752 31.5 55.188 11.5 20.148

150 20 1752 28.0 49.056 6.5 11.388

100 20 1752 23.0 40.296 3.5 6.132

100 8760 275.064 26.801

Table 2.4 Result

2.8.6 Better Control

If a frequency converter is used for controlling the ow or pressure of a system, improved control is obtained. A frequency converter can vary the speed of the fan or pump, obtaining variable control of ow and pressure. Furthermore, a frequency converter can quickly adapt the speed of the fan or pump to new ow or pressure conditions in the system.

tion

kWh A1 - C

control

Power Consump-

tion

kWh

VLT® Micro Drive

2 Star/delta starter

3 Soft starter

4 Start directly on mains

Illustration 2.8 Current

2.8.8 Using a Frequency Converter Saves Money

The example in chapter 2.8.9 Without a Frequency Converter shows that a frequency converter replaces other equipment. It is possible to calculate the cost of installing the 2 dierent systems. In the example, the 2 systems can be established at roughly the same price.

Use the VLT® Energy Box software that is introduced in chapter 1.1 Available Literature to calculate the cost savings that can be achieved by using a frequency converter.

- +

x6 x6

175HA205.12

Valve position

Starter

Fuses

supply

P.F.C

Flow

3-Port valve

Bypass

Return

Control

Supply air

V.A.V outlets

Duct

P.F.C

Mains

Fuses

Starter

Bypass

supply

Return

valve

3-Port

Flow

Control

Valve position

Starter

Power Factor Correction

Mains

IGV

Mechanical linkage and vanes

Fan

Motor or actuator

Main B.M.S

Local D.D.C. control

Sensors PT

Pressure control signal 0/10V

Temperature control signal 0/10V

Control

Mains

Cooling section Heating section

Fan sectionInlet guide vane

Pump Pump

Safety and Conformity

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51

2.8.9 Without a Frequency Converter

D.D.C. Direct digital control

E.M.S. Energy management system

V.A.V. Variable air volume

Sensor P Pressure

Sensor T Temperature

Illustration 2.9 Traditional Fan System

175HA206.11

Pump

Flow

Return

Supply air

V.A.V

outlets

Duct

Mains

Pump

Return

Flow

Mains

Fan

Main B.M.S

Local D.D.C. control

Sensors

Mains

Cooling section Heating section

Fan section

Pressure control 0-10V or 0/4-20mA

Control temperature 0-10V or 0/4-20mA

VLT

- +

VLT

x3 x3

Safety and Conformity Design Guide

2.8.10 With a Frequency Converter

2 2

D.D.C. Direct digital control

E.M.S. Energy management system

V.A.V. Variable air volume

Sensor P Pressure

Sensor T Temperature

Illustration 2.10 Fan System Controlled by Frequency Converters

130BB892.10

100%

-100%

100%

Local reference scaled to Hz

Auto mode

Hand mode

LCP Hand on, oﬀ and auto on keys

Local

Remote

Reference

Ramp

P 4-10 Motor speed direction

To motor control

Reference handling Remote reference

P 4-14 Motor speed high limit [Hz]

P 4-12 Motor speed low limit [Hz]

P 3-4* Ramp 1 P 3-5* Ramp 2

Hand On

Oﬀ Reset

Auto On

130BB893.10

Product Overview

3 Product Overview

3.1 Control Structures

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51

Select the conguration mode in parameter 1-00 Conguration Mode.

3.1.1 Control Structure Open Loop

Illustration 3.1 Open-loop Structure

In the conguration shown in Illustration 3.1, parameter 1-00 Conguration Mode is set to [0] Open loop.

The resulting reference from the reference handling system or the local reference is received and fed through the ramp limitation and speed limitation before being sent to the motor control. The output from the motor control is then limited by the maximum frequency limit.

frequency converter via the digital inputs and RS485. See more about starting, stopping, changing ramps and parameter set-ups, and so on, in parameter group 5-1*

Digital Inputs or parameter group 8-5* Serial Communication.

3.1.2 Local (Hand On) and Remote (Auto On) Control

The frequency converter can be operated manually via the local control panel (LCP) or remotely via analog/digital inputs or eldbus. If allowed in parameter 0-40 [Hand on]

Key on LCP, parameter 0-44 [O/Reset] Key on LCP, and parameter 0-42 [Auto on] Key on LCP, it is possible to start

and stop the frequency converter by pressing the [Hand On] and [O/Reset] keys. Alarms can be reset via the [O/ Reset] key. After pressing the [Hand On] key, the frequency converter goes into hand mode and follows (by default) the local reference set using the LCP potentiometer (LCP

12) or [▲]/[▼] (LCP 11). The potentiometer can be disabled

using parameter 6-80 LCP Potmeter Enable. If the potenti- ometer is disabled, use the navigation keys for adjusting reference.

After pressing the [Auto On] key, the frequency converter goes into auto mode and follows (by default) the remote reference. In this mode, it is possible to control the

Illustration 3.2 LCP Control Keys

Local reference forces the conguration mode to open loop, independent on the setting of 1-00 Conguration Mode.

Local reference is restored at power-down.

3.1.3 Control Structure Closed Loop

The internal controller allows the frequency converter to become a part of the controlled system. The frequency converter receives a feedback signal from a sensor in the system. It then compares this feedback to a setpoint reference value and determines the error, if any, between these 2 signals. It then adjusts the speed of the motor to correct this error.

7-30 PI

Normal/Inverse

Control

Reference

Feedback

Scale to speed

P 4-10

Motor speed

direction

To motor control

130BB894.11

100%

-100%

100%

*[-1]

Product Overview Design Guide

For example, consider a pump application where the speed of a pump is to be controlled so that the static pressure in a pipe is constant. The static pressure value is supplied to the frequency converter as the setpoint reference. A static pressure sensor measures the actual static pressure in the pipe and supplies this data to the frequency converter as a feedback signal. If the feedback signal is greater than the

Illustration 3.3 Control Structure Closed Loop

While the default values for the closed-loop controller of the frequency converter often provide satisfactory performance, the control of the system can often be optimized by adjusting parameters.

setpoint reference, the frequency converter slows the pump down to reduce the pressure. In a similar way, if the pipe pressure is lower than the setpoint reference, the frequency converter automatically speeds the pump up to increase the pressure provided by the pump.

3 3

Speed open loop

Conguration mode

Input command:

freeze reference

Process control

Scale to Hz

Scale to process unit

Remote reference/ setpoint

±200% Feedback handling

Remote reference in %

maxRefPCT

minRefPct

min-max ref

Freeze reference & increase/ decrease reference

±100%

Input commands:

Speed up/speed down

±200%

Relative reference = X+X*Y/100

±200%

External reference in %

±200%

Parameter choise: Reference resource 1,2,3

±100%

Preset reference

Input command: preset ref bit0, bit1, bit2

Relative scalling reference

Intern resource

Preset relative reference ±100%

Preset reference 0 ±100% Preset reference 1 ±100% Preset reference 2 ±100%

Preset reference 3 ±100% Preset reference 4 ±100% Preset reference 5 ±100% Preset reference 6 ±100%

Preset reference 7 ±100%

Extern resource 1

No function

Analog reference ±200 %

Local bus reference ±200 % LCP potmeter 0~100 %

Extern resource 2

No function Analog reference ±200 %

Local bus reference ±200 % LCP potmeter 0~100 %

Extern resource 3 No function

Analog reference ±200 %

Local bus reference ±200 % LCP potmeter 0~100 %

130BB900.13

Product Overview

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51

3.1.4 Reference Handling

Details for open-loop and closed-loop operation.

Illustration 3.4 Block Diagram Showing Remote Reference

The remote reference consists of:

•

Up to 8 preset references can be programmed in the frequency converter. The active preset reference can be selected using digital inputs or the serial communications bus. The reference can also be supplied externally, most commonly from an analog input. This external source is selected by 1 of the 3 reference source parameters (parameter 3-15 Reference 1 Source,

parameter 3-16 Reference 2 Source, and parameter 3-17 Reference 3 Source). All reference resources

and the bus reference are added to produce the total external reference. The external reference, the preset reference, or the sum of the 2 can be selected to be the

Preset references.

External references (analog inputs and serial communication bus references).

The preset relative reference.

Feedback-controlled setpoint.

active reference. Finally, this reference can by be scaled using parameter 3-14 Preset Relative Reference.

The scaled reference is calculated as follows:

Reference = X  +  X × 

Where X is the external reference, the preset reference or

100

the sum of these and Y is parameter 3-14 Preset Relative Reference in [%].

If Y, parameter 3-14 Preset Relative Reference, is set to 0%, the reference is not

aected by the scaling.

175ZA062.12

Product Overview Design Guide

3.2 General Aspects of EMC

3.2.1 General Aspects of EMC Emissions

Frequency converters (and other electrical devices) generate electronic or magnetic elds that may interfere with their environment. The electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of these eects depends on the power and the harmonic characteristics of the devices.

Uncontrolled interaction between electrical devices in a system can degrade compatibility and impair reliable operation. Interference may take the form of mains harmonics distortion, electrostatic discharges, rapid voltage uctuations, or high frequency interference. Electrical devices generate interference along with being aected by interference from other generated sources.

Electrical interference usually occurs at frequencies in the range 150 kHz to 30 MHz. Airborne interference from the frequency converter system in the range 30 MHz to 1 GHz is generated from the inverter, motor cable, and the motor. Capacitive currents in the motor cable coupled with a high dU/dt from the motor voltage generate leakage currents, as shown in Illustration 3.5. The use of a shielded motor cable increases the leakage current (see Illustration 3.5) because shielded cables have higher capacitance to ground than unshielded cables. If the leakage current is not interference on the mains in the radio frequency range below approximately 5 MHz. Since the leakage current (I1) is carried back to the unit through the shield (I3), there is, in principle, only a small electro-magnetic eld (I4) from the shielded motor cable according to Illustration 3.5.

ltered, it causes greater

The shield reduces the radiated interference, but increases the low-frequency interference on the mains. Connect the motor cable shield to the frequency converter enclosure and to the motor enclosure. Use the integrated shield clamps to avoid twisted-pair ends (pigtails). Pigtails increase the shield impedance at higher frequencies, which reduces the shield eect and increases the leakage current (I4). If a shielded cable is used for relay, control cable, signal interface, and brake, mount the shield on the enclosure at both ends. In some situations, it is necessary to break the shield to avoid current loops.

When placing the shield on a mounting plate for the frequency converter, ensure that the mounting plate is made of metal, to convey the shield currents back to the unit. Ensure good electrical contact from the mounting plate through the mounting screws to the frequency converter chassis.

When using unshielded cables, some emission requirements are not complied with, although most immunity requirements are observed.

To reduce the interference level from the entire system (unit+installation), make motor and brake cables as short as possible. Avoid placing cables with a sensitive signal level alongside motor cables and brake cables. The control electronics generate radio interference at frequencies higher than 50 MHz (airborne).

3 3

1 Ground wire 3 AC mains supply 5 Shielded motor cable

2 Shield 4 Frequency converter 6 Motor

Illustration 3.5 Generation of Leakage Currents

Product Overview

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51

3.2.2 Emission Requirements

Category Denition

The EMC product standard for frequency converters denes 4 categories (C1, C2, C3, and C4) with specied requirements for emission and immunity. Table 3.1 states the denition of the 4 categories and the equivalent classi-

cation from EN 55011.

Category Denition

C1 Frequency converters installed in

the rst environment (home and

oce) with a supply voltage less

than 1000 V.

C2 Frequency converters installed in

the rst environment (home and

oce) with a supply voltage less

than 1000 V, which are not plug-in

and not movable, and must be

installed and commissioned by a

professional.

C3 Frequency converters installed in

the second environment (industrial)

with a supply voltage lower than

1000 V.

Equivalent

emission class

in EN 55011

Class B

Class A Group 1

Class A Group 2

C4 Frequency converters installed in

the second environment with a

supply voltage equal to or above

1000 V, or rated current equal to or

above 400 A, or intended for use in

complex systems.

Table 3.1 Correlation between IEC 61800-3 and EN 55011

When the generic (conducted) emission standards are used, the frequency converters are required to comply with the limits in Table 3.2.

Environment

First

environment

(home and

oce)

Second

environment

(industrial

environment)

Generic emission

standard

EN/IEC 61000-6-3 Emission

standard for residential,

commercial, and light

industrial environments.

EN/IEC 61000-6-4 Emission

standard for industrial

environments.

Equivalent

emission class

in EN 55011

No limit line.

Make an EMC

plan.

Equivalent

emission class in

EN 55011

Class B

Class A Group 1

Table 3.2 Correlation between Generic Emission Standards and

EN 55011

3.2.3 EMC Test Results (Emission)

FC type Conducted emission. Maximum shielded cable length [m] Radiated emission

Industrial environment

EN 55011 Class A2 EN 55011 Class A1 EN 55011 Class B EN 55011 Class A2 EN 55011 Class A1

Without

external

lter

≤2.2 kW.

Single-

phase, 230 V

≤7.5 kW. Up

to 500 V AC,

3-phase

11–22 kW.

Up to 500 V

AC, 3-phase

Table 3.3 EMC Test Result

25 – 15 50 5 15 Yes – No Yes

25 – 15 50 – 15 Yes – No Yes

With

external

lter

Without

external

lter

With

external

lter

Housing, trades, and

light industries

Without

external

lter

With

external

lter

Without

external

lter

Industrial environment

With

external

lter

Without

external

lter

With

external

lter

SMPS

130BB896.10

130BB901.10

Product Overview Design Guide

3.2.4 Harmonics Emission Requirements

Equipment connected to the public supply network

NOTICE

Without a power option, the frequency converter may not comply with harmonics emission requirements.

Options Denition

1 IEC/EN 61000-3-2 Class A for 3-phase balanced

equipment (for professional equipment only up to 1

kW total power).

2 IEC/EN 61000-3-12 Equipment 16 A-75 A and profes-

sional equipment as from 1 kW up to 16 A phase

current.

Table 3.4 Harmonics Emission Requirements

3.2.5 Immunity Requirements

The immunity requirements for frequency converters depend on the environment where they are installed. The requirements for the industrial environment are higher than the requirements for the home and oce environment. All Danfoss frequency converters comply with the requirements for the industrial environment and therefore comply also with the lower requirements for home and oce environment with a large safety margin.

0.25–22 kW (0.34–30 hp)

3 3

1 Supply (SMPS)

2 Optocouplers, communication between AOC and BOC

3 Custom relays

a Control card terminals

Illustration 3.6 Galvanic Isolation

30–90 kW (40–120 hp)

Galvanic Isolation (PELV)

3.3

PELV oers protection through extra low voltage. Protection against electric shock is ensured when the electrical supply is of the PELV type and the installation is made as described in local/national regulations on PELV supplies.

All control terminals and relay terminals 01-03/04-06 comply with PELV (protective extra low voltage) (does not apply to grounded delta leg above 440 V).

Galvanic (ensured) isolation is obtained by

fullling

requirements for higher isolation and by providing the relevant creapage/clearance distances. These requirements are described in the EN 61800-5-1 standard.

The components that make up the electrical isolation, as described, also comply with the requirements for higher isolation and the relevant test as described in EN 61800-5-1. The PELV galvanic isolation can be shown in Illustration 3.7.

To maintain PELV, all connections made to the control terminals must be PELV, for example, thermistor must be reinforced/double insulated.

1 Supply (SMPS) including signal isolation of UDC, indicating

the intermediate current voltage

2 Gate drive that runs the IGBTs (trigger transformers/opto-

couplers)

3 Current transducers

4 Internal soft-charge, RFI, and temperature measurement

circuits

5 Custom relays

a Control card terminals

Illustration 3.7 Galvanic Isolation

The functional galvanic isolation (see Illustration 3.6) is for the RS485 standard bus interface.

Product Overview

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51

CAUTION

INSTALLATION AT HIGH ALTITUDE

At altitudes above 2000 m (6500 ft), contact Danfoss regarding PELV.

3.4 Ground Leakage Current

WARNING

DISCHARGE TIME

Touching the electrical parts could be fatal - even after the equipment has been disconnected from mains. Also make sure that other voltage inputs have been disconnected, such as load sharing (linkage of DC intermediate circuit), and the motor connection for kinetic back-up. Before touching any electrical parts, wait at least the amount of time indicated in Table 2.1. Shorter time is allowed only if indicated on the nameplate for the specic unit.

WARNING

LEAKAGE CURRENT HAZARD

Leakage currents exceed 3.5 mA. Failure to ground the frequency converter properly can result in death or serious injury.

Ensure the correct grounding of the equipment

•

by a certied electrical installer.

WARNING

RESIDUAL CURRENT DEVICE PROTECTION

This product can cause a DC current in the protective conductor. Where a residual current device (RCD) is used for protection in case of direct or indirect contact, only an RCD of Type B is allowed on the supply side of this product. Otherwise, apply another protective measure, such as separation from the environment by double or reinforced insulation, or isolation from the supply system by a transformer. See also application note Protection against Electrical Hazards. Protective grounding of the frequency converter and the use of RCDs must always follow national and local regulations.

3.5 Extreme Running Conditions

Short circuit (motor phase-phase)

Current measurement in each of the 3 motor phases or in the DC-link, protects the frequency converter against short circuits. A short circuit between 2 output phases causes an overcurrent in the inverter. The inverter is turned o individually when the short circuit current exceeds the allowed value (Alarm 16 Trip Lock).

For information about protecting the frequency converter against a short circuit at the load sharing and brake outputs, see chapter 6.6 Fuses.

Switching on the output

Switching on the output between the motor and the frequency converter is fully permitted. The frequency converter is not damaged in any way by switching on the output. However, fault messages may appear.

Motor-generated overvoltage

The voltage in the DC link is increased when the motor acts as a generator. This occurs in following cases:

The load drives the motor (at constant output

•

frequency from the frequency converter), that is the load generates energy.

During deceleration (ramp-down) if the inertia

•

moment is high, the friction is low, and the rampdown time is too short for the energy to be dissipated as a loss in the frequency converter, the motor, and the installation.

Incorrect slip compensation setting

•

(parameter 1-62 Slip Compensation) may cause higher DC-link voltage.

The control unit may attempt to correct the ramp if parameter 2-17 Over-voltage Control is enabled. The frequency converter turns o to protect the transistors and the DC link capacitors when a certain voltage level is reached.

Mains drop-out

During a mains drop-out, the frequency converter keeps running until the DC-link voltage drops below the minimum stop level, which is typically 15% below the frequency converter's lowest rated supply voltage. The mains voltage before the drop-out and the motor load determines how long it takes for the frequency converter to coast.

3.5.1 Motor Thermal Protection

Motor thermal protection can be provided in 2 ways.

Using a motor thermistor, via 1 of the following:

Thermistor input on a standard AI.

•

VLT® Sensor Input MCB 114.

•

VLT® PTC Thermistor Card MCB 112.

•

The frequency converter monitors motor temperature as the speed and load vary to detect overheating conditions.

The other method calculates motor temperature by measuring current, frequency, and operating time. The frequency converter shows the thermal load on the motor in percentage and can issue a warning at a programmable

1.21.0 1.4

100

1.81.6 2.0

2000

500

200

400 300

1000

600

t [s]

175ZA052.12

OUT

= 2 x f

M,N

OUT

= 0.2 x f

M,N

OUT

= 1 x f

M,N

(par. 1-23)

IMN(par. 1-24)

Product Overview Design Guide

overload setpoint. Programmable options at the overload allow the frequency converter to stop the motor, reduce output, or ignore the condition. Even at low speeds, the frequency converter meets I2t Class 20 electronic motor overload standards. This method is called electronic thermal relay (ETR).

3 3

Illustration 3.8 ETR Characteristics

The X-axis shows the ratio between I

motor

and I

motor

nominal. The Y axis shows the time in s before the ETR cut of and trips the frequency converter. The curves show the characteristic nominal speed, at twice the nominal speed and at 0.2 x the nominal speed. At lower speed, the ETR cuts o at lower heat due to less cooling of the motor. In that way, the motor is protected from being overheated even at low speed. The ETR feature is calculating the motor temperature based on actual current and speed. The calculated temperature is visible as a readout parameter in parameter 16-18 Motor Thermal in the product-specic Programming Guide. A special version of the ETR is also available for EX-e motors in ATEX areas. This function makes it possible to enter a specic curve to protect the Ex-e motor. The Programming Guide takes the user through the set-up.

130BA526.10

Selection

4 Selection

4.1 Options and Accessories

VLT® Micro Drive FC 51

4.1.1 Local Control Panel (LCP)

For detailed information on programming, see VLT® Micro

Drive FC 51 Programming Guide.

NOTICE

The frequency converter can also be programmed from a PC via RS485 port by installing the MCT 10 Set-up Software. This software can either be ordered using code number 130B1000 or downloaded from the Danfoss website:

www.danfoss.com/BusinessAreas/DrivesSolutions/softwaredownload

Operation keys

A yellow indicator light above the operation keys indicates the active key. [Hand On]: Starts the motor and enables control of the frequency converter via the LCP. [O/Reset]: Stops the motor (o). If in alarm mode, the alarm is reset. [Auto On]: The frequency converter is controlled either via control terminals or serial communication. [Potentiometer] (LCP 12): The potentiometer works in 2 ways: In auto mode the potentiometer acts as an extra programmable analog input. In hand-on mode, the potentiometer controls local reference.

4.1.2 Remote Mounting Kit for LCP

The LCP can be moved to the front of a cabinet by using the remote built-in kit. The enclosure is IP55.

Enclosure IP55 front

Maximum cable length between LCP and

unit 3 m

Communication standard: RS485

Ordering number 132B0102

Illustration 4.1 Description of LCP Keys and Display

Press [Menu] to select one of the following menus:

Status

For readouts only.

Quick Menu

For access to Quick Menus 1 and 2.

Main Menu

For access to all parameters.

Navigation keys [Back]: For moving to the previous step or layer in the

navigation structure. [▲] [▼]: For maneuvering between parameter groups, parameters and within parameters. [OK]: For selecting a parameter and for accepting changes to parameter settings.

Table 4.1 Technical Data

4.1.3 FC 51 Remote Mounting Kit Mounting Instruction

Step 1

Fit the gasket on the LCP in the frequency converter.

Illustration 4.2 Fit Gasket on LCP

62.3±0.2

82.8±0.2

4xR 1.5±0.5

130BA568.10

130BA527.10

130BA523.10

130BA524.10

130BA525.10

Selection Design Guide

Step 2

Place the LCP on the panel - see dimensions of the hole in Illustration 4.3.

Illustration 4.3 Dimensions of Hole

4 4

Illustration 4.5 Place the Bracket on LCP

Illustration 4.4 Panel, Gasket, and LCP

Step 3

Place the bracket on the back of the LCP, then slide down. Tighten screws and connect the cable to the LCP.

NOTICE

Use the provided thread cutting screws to fasten the connector to the LCP. Tightening torque: 1.3 Nm (11.5 inlb).

Illustration 4.6 Tighten Screws and Connect Cable to LCP

Step 4

Connect the cable to the frequency converter.

NOTICE

Use the provided thread cutting screws to fasten connector to the frequency converter. Tightening torque:

1.3 Nm (11.5 in-lb).

Illustration 4.7 Connect Cable to the Frequency Converter

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Danfoss FC 202 Design guide

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual