Cub Cadet 310-3000 User Manual
310-3000
Integrated Hydrostatic Transaxle
Service and Repair Manual
BLN-51259
Revision Dec. 2008
Table of Contents
Section
Page
Foreword........................................................................................................................ i
Description and Operation........................................................................................... ii
Introduction.................................................................................................................. 1
General Description.................................................................................................................... 1
Introduction................................................................................................................................. 1
Hydraulic Schematic.................................................................................................................... 2
Technical Specifi cations............................................................................................................ 3
Product Identifi cation.................................................................................................................. 3
Safety............................................................................................................................. 4
Personal Safety........................................................................................................................... 4
Tool Safety................................................................................................................................... 4
Work Area Safety......................................................................................................................... 4
Servicing Safety........................................................................................................................... 4
Troubleshooting............................................................................................................ 5
Service and Maintenance............................................................................................. 6
External Maintenance..................................................................................................... 6
Service and Maintenance Procedures............................................................................ 6
Fluids.............................................................................................................................. 7
Brake Maintenance......................................................................................................... 8
Return to Neutral Setting Hand Control.......................................................................... 9
Return to Neutral Setting Foot Control........................................................................... 10
Purging Procedures....................................................................................................... 11
Repair........................................................................................................................... 12
General Instructions...................................................................................................... 12
Required Tools.............................................................................................................. 12
Torque Specifi cations.................................................................................................... 12
Transaxle Removal....................................................................................................... 12
Limited Disassembly..................................................................................................... 12
How to Use This Manual............................................................................................... 13
Brake Assembly..........................................................................................................14,15
Bypass Assembly........................................................................................................... 16
Control Arm Assembly............................................................................................... 17,18
Torque Bracket Assembly.............................................................................................. 19
Fan and Pulley Assembly.............................................................................................. 20
Input Shaft Assembly.................................................................................................... 21
Charge Pump Assembly............................................................................................... 22
Lower Housing/Filter/Manifold Assembly...................................................................... 23
Planetary Differential Assembly............................................................................... 24,25
Motor/Center Section/Pump Assembly............................................................... 26,27,28
Directional Control Assembly........................................................................................ 29
Transaxle Installation.................................................................................................... 30
Assembly After a Complete Tear-down......................................................................... 30
Parts List................................................................................................................. 31,32
Glossary of Terms.................................................................................................. 33,34
310-3000 IHT
FOREWORD
Headquartered in Sullivan, Illinois, Hydro-Gear® is
a world leader in the design, manufacture, and service of quality hydrostatic transaxles for the lawn
and garden industry. The mission of our company
is to be recognized by our customers and the industry as a world-class supplier and the quality
leader in everything we do.
This Service and Repair Manual is designed to
provide information useful in servicing the 3103000 Hydro-Gear Integrated Hydrostatic Transaxle
(IHT).
Also included is a glossary of terms that are
frequently used throughout the industry and in
Hydro-Gear service publications. Understanding
terminology is very important!!
It is necessary, and good shop practice, that your
service area be equipped with proper tools and the
mechanics to be supplied with the latest information available. All repair procedures
illustrated in this guide are suggested, but preferred methods of repair.
Repair procedures require that the transaxle unit
be removed from the vehicle.
Some cleaning solvents are fl ammable. To avoid
possible fi re, do not use cleaning solvents in an
area where a source of ignition may be present.
This is not a certifi cation, test or study guide for
a certifi cation test. If a technician is interested in
certifi cation they should contact an agent rep-
resenting the ESA (Engine Service Association)
(610) 363-3844 or their Hydro-Gear Distributor.
Many distributors will be hosting certifi cation test-
ing. These study guides will cover most of the
products and manufacturers in our industry.
For more information about Hydro-Gear or our
products, please contact your Central Service
Distributor, visit www.hydro-gear.com or call our
Technical Service Department at (217) 728-2581.
310-3000 IHT i
SECTION 1. DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this manual is to provide useful information for servicing the Hydro-Gear
310-3000 Integrated Hy dro stat ic Transaxles
(IHT). This man u al includes transaxle general de scrip tion, hy drau lic sche mat ic, tech ni cal
spec i fi ca tions, product iden ti fi ca tion, safe ty,
trou ble shoot ing, main te nance, and re pair pro ce dures.
The transaxle normally will not require servicing during the life of the vehicle in which it is
in stalled. Should other ser vic ing be required,
the transaxle will need to be thoroughly cleaned
be fore be gin ning most procedures.
Please refer to the instructions titled “How to
Use This Man u al” in the Repair Section for an
ex pla na tion of the lay out of the disassembly,
in spec tion, and re as sem bly portions of this
manual.
®
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The 310-3000 is a self con tained unit de signed
for the transfer and con trol of pow er. It provides
an in fi nite ly vari able speed range be tween zero
and maximum in both forward and re verse
modes of operation.
The transaxle uses a variable displacement
pump with a max i mum displacement of 10
cc per rev o lu tion, and motor with a fi xed dis-
place ment of 21cc per rev o lu tion. The vari able
dis place ment pump fea tures a cradle swashplate with a di rect-pro por tion al displacement
con trol. Re vers ing the di rec tion of the swash-
plate re vers es the fl ow of oil from the pump
and thus re vers es the di rec tion of the motor
output ro ta tion. The pump and motor are of the
axial piston de sign and utilize spherical nosed
pistons which are held against a thrust race by
internal com pres sion springs.
The 310-3000 has a self con tained fl u id sup ply
and an in ter nal fi l ter. The fl uid is drawn through
the in ter nal res er voir and feeds the fi xed dis-
place ment gerotor charge pump. Ex cess fl u id in
the charge circuit is dis charged over the charge
re lief valve and dumps back to case. Charge
check valves in the center section are used to
control the make up fl
pres sure side of the loop.
The transaxle is fi lled and tested at the factory
and should not re quire fl uid or fi lter changes
un less the fl uid be comes con tam i nat ed.
A cam style, block lifting bypass is utilized in
the 310-3000 to permit moving the vehicle for a
short dis tance at a maximum speed of 2 m.p.h.
(3.2 km/hr) with out start ing the engine.
ow of the fl uid to the low
WARNING
Actuating the bypass will result in the
loss of hy dro stat ic braking capacity. The
machine must be sta tion ary on a level
surface and in neutral when actuating
the bypass.
The 310-3000 utilizes an in-line fl oat ing disc
brake con trolled by a "cam" style ac tu at ing
arm.
ii
310-3000 IHT
310-3000 IHT
Figure 1. 310-3000 Hydraulic Flow Illustration
HYDRAULIC SCHEMATIC
Figure 1 provides an illustration of the hydraulic oil circuit. The oil supply for the hydraulic
system of the 310-3000 IHT is also utilized for
the lu bri ca tion of the planetary differential drive
gears.
The input shaft and pump cylinder block are
turned in one direction only by the engine/drive
belt/pul ley com bi na tion. Output of the oil fl ow
is con trolled by the direction and amount that
the swashplate is angled. As the pump pistons
com press they force the oil to fl ow through one
of two pas sage ways (forward or reverse) in
the center section (or valve body) to the motor
cylinder block and motor shaft. Since the motor has a fi xed dis place ment angle it is forced
to turn with the fl ow of oil. As the angle of the
swashplate is in creased the amount of oil being
pumped will increase and cause a higher RPM
output of the motor. Re vers ing the angle of the
pump swashplate will re verse the direction of
oil fl ow.
During the operation of the transaxle, fl uid
is “lost” from the hydraulic loop through leak
paths de signed into the product for lubrication
pur pos es (around pistons, under the rotating
cylinder blocks, etc.). This “lost” fl uid returns
to the trans mis sion housing and must be made
up in the loop. A charge pump is included on
the 310-3000 IHT to supply this makeup fl ow.
The make up fl ow is controlled (or directed) by
the check valves. Each check valve will either
be held opened or closed (depending upon the
direction of vehicle op er a tion) by the system
operating pressure (closed) or by charge pressure (open) from the charge pump.
The charge pump maintains a continuous fl ow
of oil as long as the input shaft is turning. All
of the oil being pulled into the charge pump
fi rst must pass through an internal fi lter. Any
oil not needed by the transmission for make
up fl ow is
310-3000 IHT 1
dis charged through the charge relief valve. The
charge relief valve maintains the charge pres sure at no more than 40 PSI.
The motor cylinder block mounts onto the
splined motor shaft which drives the planetary
dif fer en tial gear/dif fer en tial as sem bly.
The bypass feature in the 310-3000 IHT has
a me chan i cal le ver which lifts the motor block
off of the center section running surface, allowing any oil fl owing from the pump block to
be dis charged into the housing without turning
the mo tor.
TECHNICAL
SPECIFICATIONS
Table 1. Technical Specifi cations
Overall Transaxle Reduction
30.15:1
Input Speeds
Maximum: 3600 RPM
Minimum: 1800 RPM
Maximum Tire Diameter
23 inch; 584 mm
Axle Shaft Options
Type: Keyed
Diameter: 1 inch; 25.4 mm
Type: Flanged
Diameter: Hub
Technical specifi cations for the 310-3000 IHT
are given in Table 1.
PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION
The model and confi guration of the 310-3000
IHT can be determined from the la bel shown
in Fig ure 2.
HYDRO - GEAR
SULLIVAN, IL. U.S.A.
OEM Model
Number
Year Built
165758
8 328 T1 476
(unique for that model - for that day)
Brake Type
Disc
Weight of Unit
58 lb; 26 kg
310-3000
Made in U.S.A.
Serial Number
Hydro-Gear
Number
2
Date
(Julian - day of year)
Type of Product and Build Information
Figure 2. 310-3000 Confi guration Label
310-3000 IHT
SECTION 2. SAFETY
This symbol points out important
safe ty instructions which, if not followed, could
en dan ger the personal safety and/or property
of your self and others. Read and follow all
in struc tions in this manual before attempting
main te nance on your transaxle. When you see
this symbol - HEED ITS WARN ING.
WARNING
POTENTIAL FOR SERIOUS INJURY
Inattention to prop er safety, operation, or
maintenance pro ce dures could result in
per son al injury, or dam age to the equip ment. Before servicing or re pair ing the
310-3000 IHT, ful ly read and un der stand
the safe ty pre cau tions de scribed in this
sec tion.
PERSONAL SAFETY
Certain safety precautions must be observed
while servicing or repairing the 310-3000 IHT.
This sec tion addresses some of these pre cau tions but must not be considered an all-inclusive
source on safe ty in for ma tion. This section is
to be used in conjunction with all other safety
ma te ri al which may apply, such as:
Other manuals pertaining to this ma chine
Local and shop safety rules and codes
Governmental safety laws and reg u la tions
Be sure that you know and understand the
equip ment and the hazards associated with it.
Do not place speed above safety.
Notify your supervisor whenever you feel there
is any hazard involving the equipment or the
per for mance of your job.
Never allow untrained or unauthorized per son nel to service or repair the equipment.
Wear appropriate clothing. Loose or hanging
clothing or jewelry can be hazardous. Use the
ap pro pri ate safety equipment, such as eye
and hear ing protection, and safety-toe and
slip-proof shoes.
Never use compressed air to clean debris from
yourself or your clothing.
TOOL SAFETY
Use the proper tools and equipment for the
task.
Inspect each tool before use and replace any
tool that may be dam aged or defective.
WORK AREA SAFETY
Keep the work area neat and orderly. Be sure
it is well lit, that extra tools are put away, trash
and refuse are in the proper containers, and dirt
or debris have been removed from the working
ar eas of the ma chine.
The fl oor should be clean and dry, and all ex-
ten sion cords or similar trip hazards should be
re moved.
SERVICING SAFETY
Certain procedures may require the vehicle to
be dis abled in order to prevent possible injury
to the servicing tech ni cian and/or by stand ers.
The loss of hydrostatic drive line power may
re sult in the loss of hydrostatic braking capability. Proper brake maintenance is very important
should this condition develop.
Some cleaning solvents are fl ammable. Use
only approved cleaning materials: do not use
ex plo sive or fl am ma ble liquids to clean the
equip ment.
To avoid pos si ble fi re do not use cleaning sol-
vents in an area where a source of ignition may
be present.
Discard used cleaning material in the ap pro pri ate containers.
310-3000 IHT 3
SECTION 3. TROU BLE SHOOT ING
WARNING
Do not attempt any ser vic ing or ad just ments with the engine run ning.
Use extreme caution while inspecting
the drive belt assembly, and all vehicle
link age!
Follow all safety pro ce dures out lined in
the ve hi cle owner’s manual!
Table 2. Troubleshooting Checklist
Possible Cause
UNIT OPERATES IN ONE DI REC TION ONLY
Control linkage bent or out of ad just ment
Drive belt slipping or pulley damaged
Oil level low or contaminated oil
Excessive loading
Brake setting incorrect
Loose parts
Bypass assembly sticking
Air trapped in hydraulic system
Repair or replace linkage
Repair or replace drive belt or pulley
UNIT IS NOISY
Fill to proper level or change oil
Reduce vehicle loading
Adjust brake to proper setting
Repair or replace loose parts
Repair or replace valve or linkage
Purge hydraulic system
In many cases problems with the 310-3000IHT
are not re lat ed to a de fec tive trans mis sion or
axle, but are caused by slip ping drive belts,
par tial ly en gaged bypass valves, and loose
or dam aged control linkages. Be sure to perform all op er a tion al checks and adjustments
outlined in Sec tion 4 be fore as sum ing the unit
is mal func tion ing. Table 2 below provides a
troubleshooting check list to help determine
the cause of op er a tion al prob lems.
Corrective Action Refer To:
Control Linkage Repair, Page 17
Pulley Repair, Page 20
Fluid Maintenance, Page 7
Vehicle Specifi cations
Brake Adjustment, Page 8
Appropriate Repair Pro ce dure
Bypass Repair, Page 16
Purging Procedure, Page 11
UNIT HAS NO/ LOW POWER
Engine RPM low
Control linkage bent or out of ad just ment
Brake setting incorrect
Drive belt slipping or pulley damaged
Oil level low or contaminated oil
Excessive loading
Bypass assembly sticking
Air trapped in hydraulic system
Debris buildup around transaxle
Brake setting incorrect
Cooling fan damaged
Oil level low or contaminated oil
Excessive loading
Air trapped in hydraulic system
Damaged seals, housing, or gaskets
Air trapped in hydraulic system
Adjust to correct setting
Repair or replace linkage
Adjust brake to proper setting
Repair or replace drive belt or pulley
Fill to proper level or change oil
Reduce vehicle loading
Repair or replace valve or linkage
Purge hydraulic system
UNIT OPERATING HOT
Clean off debris
Adjust brake to proper setting
Repair or replace cooling fan
Fill to proper level or change oil
Reduce vehicle loading
Purge hydraulic system
TRANSAXLE LEAKS OIL
Replace damaged com po nent
Purge hydraulic system
Vehicle Specifi cations
Control Linkage Repair, Page 17
Brake Adjustment, Page 8
Pulley Repair, Page 20
Fluid Maintenance, Page 7
Vehicle Specifi cations
Bypass Repair, Page 16
Purging Procedure, Page 11
Brake Adjustment, Page 8
Cooling Fan Repair, Page 20
Fluid Maintenance, Page 7
Vehicle Specifi cations Purging
Procedure, Page 11
Appropriate Repair Procedure
Purging Procedure, Page 11
4
310-3000 IHT
SECTION 4. SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE
NOTE: Any servicing dealer attempting a war ran ty re pair must have prior
approval be fore con duct ing main te-
®
nance of a Hydro-Gear
less the ser vic ing deal er is a cur rent
Authorized Hy dro-Gear Ser vice Center.
product un-
EXTERNAL MAINTENANCE
Reference Table 4., Page 13 for tools required
in the maintenance of the 310-3000 IHT.
Regular external maintenance of the 310-3000
IHT should include the following:
1. Check the vehicle operator’s manual for
the rec om mend ed load ratings. In sure the
cur rent ap pli ca tion does not ex ceed load
rat ing.
2. Check oil level See Figure 3, Page 7.
3. Inspect the vehicle drive belt, idler pulley(s),
and idler spring(s). Insure that no belt slip page can occur. Slippage can cause low
in put RPM to the transaxle
5. Inspect the axle parking brake and ve hi cle
link age to insure proper actuation of the
park ing brake.
6. Inspect the vehicle control linkage to the
di rec tion al control arm on transaxle. Also,
in sure the con trol arm is se cure ly fastened
to the trun nion arm of the transaxle.
7. Inspect the bypass mechanism on the transaxle and ve hi cle linkage to insure it ac tu ates
and re leas es fully.
SERVICE AND
MAINTENANCE
PROCEDURES
All the service and maintenance procedures
pre sent ed on the following pages can be per formed while the 310-3000 is mounted on the
ve hi cle. Any servicing beyond those giv en must
be per formed after the unit has been removed
from the ve hi cle. Additional pro ce dures are
pro vid ed in Section 5. Repair Procedures.
4. Inspect the transaxle cooling fan for broken
or dis tort ed blades and remove any ob structions (grass clip pings, leaves dirt, etc.).
310-3000 IHT 5
FLUIDS
FLUID CHANGE
The fl uids used in Hydro-Gear® products have
been carefully selected, and only equivalent, or
better prod ucts should be sub sti tut ed.
Typically, an engine oil with a minimum rating of
9 cSt (55 SUS) at 230° F (110° C) and an API clas si fi ca tion of SJ/CD is rec om mend ed. A 20W-50
engine oil has been se lect ed for use by the
factory and is rec om mend ed for normal op er at ing tem per a tures.
FLUID VOLUME
Fluid volume information is provided in Table
3.
FLUID LEVEL
Certain situations may require additional fl uid to
be added or even replaced. Refer to Figure 3
for the prop er fi ll port and fl uid level port lo ca -
tions. Fill the unit until fl uid fl ows out of the fl uid
level port. Recheck the fl uid level once the unit
has been operated for approximately 1 minute.
Purging may be required. Refer to the purging
procedures, Page 11.
This transaxle is factory fi lled and does not
re quire a regular oil change. In the event of
oil con tam i na tion or degradation an oil change
may improve performance.
Using the transaxle removal procedure from
Sec tion 5, Page 12, remove the transaxle and
drain the oil from the top fl uid fi ll port. Fill unit
per Table 3, re in stall the transaxle and perform
the purging pro ce dures, Page 11.
In the event a fl uid change and fi lter inspection
is required, refer to Page 23, Disassembly/As sem bly instructions.
Caution
Do not overfi ll.
If you overfi ll the transaxle while the unit
is "cold", it may overfl ow as it reaches
normal op er at ing tem per a tures. The oil
level should not be above the man u fac tur er’s suggestions out lined in this
manual. This will al low the space need ed
for the oil to ex pand as it warms up.
Fluid Description
20W-50 engine oil
FLUID FILL PORT
Table 3. Fluid Volumes for the 310-3000 IHT
Volume
0.95 gal. (121.6 oz) (3.59 liters)
Figure 3. 310-3000 Fluid Fill and Level Ports
6
310-3000 IHT
BRAKE MAINTENANCE
BRAKE SETTING
1. Remove the brake arm bias spring, and
then the cotter pin securing the brake castle
nut.
2. Insert a 0.015" (.381 mm) feeler gage be tween the brake disc and top brake puck,
and then set the brake by tightening or
loos en ing the cas tle nut.
3. Adjust brake gap to 0.015" (.381 mm) clear ance.
4. Install the cotter pin to secure the castle nut,
and then install the brake arm bias spring.
RETURN TO NEUTRAL SETTING
(OPTIONAL FEA TURE)
The return to neutral mechanism on the trans mis sion is designed to set the di rec tion al control
into a neutral position. An optional feature, it is
available in two versions. One version provides
hand con trol, and the other, foot control. Setting
pro ce dures are provided on pages 9 and 10.
WARNING
POTENTIAL FOR SERIOUS IN JU RY
Certain procedures require the vehicle
engine to be operated and the vehicle to
be raised off of the ground. To prevent
pos si ble injury to the servicing tech ni cian and/or by stand ers, insure the
ve hi cle is properly secured.
310-3000 IHT 7
RETURN TO NEUTRAL SETTING
HAND CONTROL
4. Apply the vehicle brake, start the engine and
increase the throttle to full engine rpm.
WARNING
POTENTIAL FOR SERIOUS INJURY
Certain procedures re quire the vehicle
en gine to be operated and the vehicle
to be raised off of the ground. To pre vent pos si ble injury to the ser vic ing
tech ni cian and/or by stand ers, in sure
the ve hi cle is prop er ly se cured.
The return to neutral mechanism on the
trans mis sion is designed to set the di rec tion al con trol into a neutral position when the
vehicle park ing brake is en gaged. Fol low the
procedures below to properly adjust the return
to neutral mechanism on the transaxle:
1. Confi rm the transaxle is in the operating
mode (bypass disengaged). Raise the
ve hi cle’s drive tires off the ground to allow
free ro ta tion.
NOTE: It may be necessary to remove
the drive tire from the axle hub to ac cess the linkage control and the transaxle control arm.
2. Remove the Original Equipment Man u fac tur er’s (OEM’s) control linkage at the
control arm. Refer to Figure 4.
5. Check for axle rotation. If the axles do not
ro tate, go to Step 6. If the axles rotate, go
to Step 7.
6. Stop the vehicle engine. Adjust the OEM
link age according to the OEM manual. Re check ac cord ing to step 4 and 5. Stop the
vehicle en gine. Re place the brake pull rod
onto the re turn ac tu at ing arm. Install the
washer and a new cot ter pin securing the
brake pull rod to the ac tu at ing arm. Refer
to Figure 4.
7. Note the axle directional movement . Stop
the vehicle’s engine. Loosen the adjusting
puck screw until the puck can be rotated.
Rotate the adjusting puck the opposite di rec tion of the wheel rotation on the control
link age side in 5 degree increments. Tighten
the adjusting puck screw. Refer to Table 5.
Required Torque Values, Page 13. Re check
ac cord ing to step 4 and 5. Stop the vehicle
en gine. Ad just the OEM linkage according
to the OEM man u al. Recheck according
to Step 4 and 5. Stop the vehicle engine.
Re place the brake pull rod onto the return
ac tu at ing arm. Install the washer and a new
cot ter pin se cur ing the brake pull rod to the
ac tu at ing arm. Refer to Figure 4.
3. Remove the cotter pin and washer se cur ing
8
the brake pull rod to the return actuating
arm. Remove the brake pull rod from the
return actuating arm. Re fer to Figure 4.
WARNING
Do not attempt any adjustments with the
engine running. Use extreme caution
while inspecting all vehicle linkage!
Follow all safety procedures outlined in
the vehicle owner’s manual!
BRAKE PULL ROD
COTTER PIN AND WASHER
(HIDDEN)
Figure 4. Return to Neutral, Hand Control
CONTROL ARM
RETURN ACTUATING ARM
ADJUSTING PUCK
310-3000 IHT
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