The manufacturer accepts no liability for, negligent or incorrect installation or adjustment
of the optional operating parameters of the equipment or from mismatching the variable
speed drive with the motor.
The contents of this User Guide are believed to be correct at the time of printing. In the
interests of a commitment to a policy of continuous development and improvement, the
manufacturer reserves the right to change the specifications of the product or its
performance, or the contents of the User Guide, without notice.
All rights reserved. No parts of this User Guide may be reproduced or transmitted in any
form or by any means, electrical or mechanical, without permission in writing from
Control Techniques.
Page ii
Customer Support
Control Techniques
359 Lang Boulevard, Building B
Grand Island, New York 14072
U.S.A. Telephone: (716) 774-1193
It is Control Techniques’ goal to ensure your greatest possible satisfaction with the
operation of our products. We are dedicated to providing fast, friendly, and accurate
assistance. That is why we offer you so many ways to get the support you need.
Whether it’s by phone, fax or modem, you can access Control Techniques support
information 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Our wide range of services include:
Fax(716) 774-8327
You can FAX questions and comments to Control Techniques Just send a FAX to the
number listed above.
Website and Emailwww.emersonct.com
Website: www.emersonct.com
Email: info@emersonct.com
If you have Internet capabilities, you also have access to technical support using our
website. The website includes technical notes, frequently asked questions, release
notes and other technical documentation. This direct technical support connection lets
you request assistance and exchange software files electronically.
Technical Support(716) 774-1193 or (800) 893-2321
Email: pdtechsupport@emersonct.com
Control Techniques’ products are backed by a team of professionals who will service
your installation. Our technical support center in Grand Island New York is ready to help
you solve those occasional problems over the telephone. Our technical support center
is available 24 hours a day for emergency service to help speed any problem solving.
Also, all hardware replacement parts, if needed, are available through our customer
service organization.
When you call, please be prepared to provide the following information:
The type of controller or product you are using
What you were doing when the problem occurred
How you tried to solve the problem
Need on-site help? Control Techniques provides service, in most cases, the next day.
Just call Control Techniques’ technical support center when on-site service or
maintenance is required.
Customer Service(716) 774-1193 or (800) 367-8067
Email: customer.service@emersonct.com
Authorized Control Techniques distributors may place orders directly with our Customer
Service department. Contact the Customer Service department at this number for the
distributor nearest you.
Page iii
“Warning” indicates a potentially hazardous situation that, if
not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.
“Caution” indicates a potentially hazardous situation that, if
not avoided, may result in minor or moderate injury.
“Caution” used without the safety alert symbol indicates a
potentially hazardous situation that, if not avoided, may result in property
damage.
Page iv
Safety Considerations
Safety Precautions
This product is intended for professional incorporation into a complete system. If
you install the product incorrectly, it may present a safety hazard. The product
and system may use high voltages and currents, carry a high level of stored
electrical energy, or are used to control mechanical equipment that can cause
injury.
You should give close attention to the electrical installation and system design to
avoid hazards either in normal operation or in the event of equipment
malfunction. System design, installation, commissioning and maintenance must
be carried out by personnel who have the necessary training and experience.
Read and follow this safety information and instruction manual carefully.
Enclosure
This product is intended to be mounted in an enclosure that prevents access
except by trained and authorized personnel and prevents the ingress of
contamination. This product is designed for use in an environment classified as
pollution degree 2 in accordance with IEC664-1. This means that only dry, nonconducting contamination is acceptable.
Setup, Commissioning and Maintenance
It is essential that you give careful consideration to changes to drive settings.
Depending on the application, a change could have an impact on safety. You
must take appropriate precautions against inadvertent changes or tampering.
Restoring default parameters in certain applications may cause unpredictable or
hazardous operation.
Safety of Machinery
Within the European Union all machinery in which this product is used must
comply with Directive 89/392/EEC, Safety of Machinery.
The product has been designed and tested to a high standard, and failures are
very unlikely. However the level of integrity offered by the product’s control
function – for example stop/ start, forward/reverse and maximum speed – is not
sufficient for use in safety-critical applications without additional independent
channels of protection. All applications where malfunction could cause injury or
loss of life must be subject to a risk assessment, and further protection must be
provided where needed.
Page v
General warning
Failure to follow safe installation guidelines can cause death or serious injury. The
voltages used in this unit can cause severe electric shock and/or burns, and could be
lethal. Extreme care is necessary at all times when working with or adjacent to this
equipment. The installation must comply with all relevant safety legislation in the country
of use.
AC supply isolation device
The AC supply must be removed from the drive using an approved isolation device or
disconnect before any servicing work is performed, other than adjustments to the
settings or parameters specified in the manual. The drive contains capacitors, which
remain charged to a potentially lethal voltage after the supply has been removed.
Grounding (Earthing, equipotential bonding)
The drive must be grounded by a conductor sufficient to carry all possible fault current
in the event of a fault. The ground connections shown in the manual must be followed.
Fuses
Fuses or over-current protection must be provided at the input in accordance with the
instructions in the manual.
Isolation of control circuits
The installer must ensure that the external control circuits are isolated from human
contact by at least one layer of insulation rated for use at the applied AC supply voltage.
Page vi
Table of Contents
TopicPage
Introduction4
Motor Compatibility5
Basic Control Modes/Feedback6
Armature Voltage Feedback6
Speed or Tach Feedback6
When viewing this document electronically, the Table of Content items
are active and will direct you to that topic by clicking on that item.
Page 3
Introduction
This is the User’s Guide for Focus 3R (Regenerative) series of DC Drives. The Focus 3 is
a 3rd generation product of the long-standing Focus series. The Focus 1 was introduced back
in 1980 and the Focus 2 later in 1982. The Focus 2 was retired when the Focus 3 was
introduced as it took advantage of many technological advances in power electronics. The
Focus 3 Regen is a single-phase, bi-directional analog drive for DC motors with power ranges
from ¼ to 5HP.
Your Focus 3R is a general purpose regenerative DC motor speed controller that is
powered from either 115Vac or 230Vac single phase power. A regenerative (four quadrant)
drive is one that can provide motoring and regenerating torque for acceleration and deceleration
to overcome rated loads. There are a great many applications where regenerative drives
provide the most economical solution. A regenerative drive can slow down a motor faster than
the motors normal coasting rate and can stop overhauling load situations.
Both drives incorporate many features that are standard on high performance system
drives, such as dynamic stability and built-in signal follower adjustments. Focus 3 drives come
in two basic model variations- with and without enclosure
Chassis Model
.
The model without an enclosure is denoted as a chassis model.
The chassis model is intended for mounting within a User
supplied cabinet and where the User intends to provide remote
Start/Stop and Speed control signals.
(5 Hp model shown)
Enclosed Model
The Enclosed version comes to you already in a NEMA 4/12
enclosure that would allow the User to mount the Focus on a wall
or machine surface. The Enclosed version has Start/Stop and the
Speed Control adjustment on the front cover for convenient
operation.
For a complete overview of the Focus 3 product
line and available options, visit our website at:
www.emersonct.com or click the link below:
Focus 3 Catalog Section
Page 4
Motor Compatibility
The Focus 3 was designed to run standard 90 Vdc or 180 Vdc Shunt Wound or Permanent
Magnet DC motors in both directions. The Focus 3 can run motors with other characteristics
(such as Universal motors) but one must review those requirements to insure compatibility.
Universal motors have commutator brushes but typically plug into the AC power line. Universal
motors are often used in tools such as Drills, Saws, Shop VAC’s, Routers, etc and typically
cannot be run in reverse.
Shunt Wound Motors that are controlled by single phase DC drives typically have 4 power
wires. Two of these are the Armature leads typically designated A1 & A2 or A+ & A-. The
other two power wires are the shunt field leads and typically designated F1 & F2 or F+ & F-.
The Focus 3 can supply up to 1 Amp for shunt field excitation (field current requirements
beyond 1A may damage field rectifier diodes). If your motor does not have Field Current
information on the nameplate, you can determine compatibility by measuring your motors Field
resistance using a calibrated ohmmeter.
Motors with:
90v Armatures typically require 100 Vdc for field excitation. In these cases, the Focus
3 requires 120vac input power and must be internally set for this input level. The motor
Field resistance should not be less than 100 ohms when cold.
180v Armatures typically require 200 Vdc for field excitation. In these cases, the Focus
3 requires 240vac input power and must be internally set for this input level. The motor
Field resistance should not be less than 200ohms when cold.
The motor nameplate information is key to determining compatibility. As seen below,
the motor below easily falls in the range of the Focus 1 operated from a 240vac supply.
The drive will supply 180v for the armature and 200v for the field ( this motor indicates
there are 2 field windings and for 200vdc they must be wired in series ). The field
current requirement is 0.28A which is well under the 1A maximum.
1 1750 / 2050 180
5.0 SHUNT
0.28/.22 518
FLD VOLTS 200/100
240v Armatures typically require 150 Vdc for field excitation. In these cases, the Focus
3 requires 240vac input power and must be internally set for this input level. The motor
field resistance should not be less than 150 ohms when cold and will require a series
resistor to drop the additional field supply voltage. Consult Control Techniques Technical
Support for additional information.
Page 5
Motors with:
Permanent Magnet Motors typically have only 2 power wires. These are the Armature
leads and typically designated A1 and A2 or A+ and A-.
Armature
Voltage
Armature
Current
Page 6
Speed Control
Armature Voltage Feedback
The Focus 3 can vary the speed of the motors mentioned above as a function of the
Speed potentiometer setting (or external speed command signal) by simply varying the
output Armature voltage (field excitation if used typically remains constant). A great
many motor applications do not require ultra precise speed control. Because of this, the
Focus 3 is factory set for Armature Voltage Feedback. Armature Voltage Feedback (or
simply Armature Feedback) does not require any special motor mounted speed
feedback device and is therefore inherently quite reliable and is capable of providing up
to 1% speed regulation.
Speed Feedback- Tachometer
Should more precise speed control be required, the Focus 3 can accommodate those
motors equipped with DC Tachometers (AC tachometers require an option kit). DC
tachometers output a linear voltage proportional to their RPM and can provide the Focus
3 with accurate motor speed feedback information. With good DC tachometers up to
0.5% speed accuracy can be achieved.
Tach failure will typically result in motor speed runaway. One who designs
systems with Speed Feedback devices such as DC tachometers should be
cognizant of this fault condition and must take machine design precautions
should this event occur.
We would recommend that all DC Drives be initially run using Armature Voltage
Feedback to verify operation even if Tach Feedback is the ultimate goal.
Quick Stops
The DB option provides a rather quick stopping action and provides motor turning
resistance when the drive is not in the RUN condition. The Focus 3R can be outfitted
with a Dynamic Braking resistor should this requirement be desired.
Regenerative drives are capable of stopping the motor more quickly than dynamic
braking by rapidly reducing the speed command to zero and then disabling the drive.
This requires the drive to be active and some external means of disabling the drive after
the motor reaches zero speed.
Power Outages
Shunt Wound Motors
Should a power outage occur, the drive would turn off and the motor would coast to rest.
If a Dynamic Braking resistor were employed there would typically be enough decaying
field strength to enable some faster stopping action.
Permanent Magnet Motors
Should a power outage occur, the drive would turn off and the motor would coast to rest.
If a Dynamic Braking resistor were employed, full Dynamic Braking force would be
exerted because the field is maintained by the motors internal permanent magnets.
Therefore, there would be motor turning resistance during power outages as well.
Note: DB Resistors require Contactor Option - See Options
Page 7
General Information
r
Introduction
The purpose of this manual is to provide the user with the information needed to
install, start-up, and maintain the Focus 3 drive. This instruction manual should be read
in its entirety, paying special attention to the warning and caution notices, before
installation and before performing any start-up or drive maintenance.
Receiving
The user is responsible for inspecting the equipment thoroughly before accepting
the shipment from the freight company. Check the items received against the purchase
order. If any items are obviously damaged, do not accept delivery until the damage has
been noted on the freight paperwork.
Inspection
Before installation and start-up of the drive, inspect the unit for mechanical integrity
(i.e. loose parts, wires, etc). If physical damage was sustained during shipment, leave
the shipping container intact and notify the freight agent. After unpacking, check the
drive nameplate catalog number against the purchase order.
Storing
Store the drive in its shipping container prior to installation. If the drive isn’t used
for a period of time, store according to the following instructions in order to maintain
warranty coverage:
Clean, dry location
Ambient Temperature Range: -400C to 700C
: -400F to 1600F
Humidity: 95%, Non-condensing
Improper procedures can result in personal injury or equipment damage. Only
qualified electrical maintenance technicians familiar with electronic drives and thei
standard safety precautions should be permitted to install, start-up, or maintain this
apparatus.
Page 8
PERFORMANCE FEATURES
•Solid State Full Wave Power Bridge -Uses generously rated power semiconductors for
Maximum reliability and long life.
•Four Quadrant Operation – The drive is capable of running in both the directions and
providing full braking torque in both directions.
•Control Circuit Isolation – The control circuitry is isolated from the drives power section
allowing signal common to be connected to earth ground or process signals referenced to
earth ground.
• Inner Current Loop Regulator - Inherent high bandwidth capability for fast response.
• Semiconductor Fusing - Both AC lines fused for maximum protection in case of short
circuit.
•AC Line Filter and Transient Voltage Suppressor Network - Eliminates interaction
between other drives or AC equipment.
•Current Limit Ranges - Selectable current limit ranges to match the drive to the motor
being used. Provides smooth acceleration of high inertia loads.
•Speed Regulator - 1 % accuracy armature voltage feedback with IR compensation or 0.5 %
accuracy with DC tachometer feedback. Regulation accuracy may be affected by the
tachometer selected.
•Current (Torque) Regulator -
2% accuracy armature current regulator allows the user to control motor torque instead of
speed.
•Circuit Board Indicators - Light emitting diodes (LEDs) on the control board indicate when
the drive is in Run Mode or the Current Limit is enabled.
• Remote Current Limit - Available by the simple addition of a potentiometer.
• Current Signal Follower lnput** - Allows the motor speed to be controlled by a current
signal from a commercially available transducer. The signal may be one of the following:
0 -5mA or 0-20mA
•Voltage Signal Follower lnput - Allows the motor speed to be controlled by a voltage
signal from a DC tachometer generator or a process voltage signal. It accepts an input with
a range of 0-200 Vdc.
•Auto/Manual Operation - Standard circuitry allows the drive to be controlled by the
operator speed potentiometer or by the current/voltage signal inputs.
• UL/cUL - All Focus 3 Drives areUL/cUL listed.
** Note: The Current Signal Follower Input on the Focus 3 Regenerative Drives is designed for 0
to 5 or 0 to 20 ma, not 1 to 5 or 4 to 20 ma. The circuitry can be adjusted to bias out the 1 or 4
milliamp current levels and the drive will follow the signals correctly. The difference is that if the
current input drops below the 1 or 5 ma level, the drive will rotate in the reverse direction ( as
much as 25% speed if the signal goes to zero). If a 1 to 5 or 4 to 20 ma signal is required on a
Focus 3 Regenerative Drives, it is recommended that the Focus 3 Signal Isolator board (F3NSBD)
be used since it has circuitry built in to block the reverse speed signal.
Page 9
The Focus 3 comes in two basic model variations- with and without enclosure.
Chassis Model
The model without an enclosure is denoted as a chassis model. The chassis model is
intended for mounting within a User supplied cabinet and where the User intends to
provide remote Start/Stop and Speed control signals.
Enclosed Model
The Enclosed version comes to you already in a NEMA 4/12 enclosure that would allow
the User to mount the Focus on a wall or machine surface. The Enclosed version has
Start/Stop and the Speed Control adjustment on the front cover for convenient operation.
Nameplate Information
Enclosed Unit
Model #
Model Number Definition
F3 N 2 C
Part #
Serial #
Enclosure
Chassis (C)
Enclosed (E)
Max HP Rating @240vac
2 HP (2)
5 HP (5)
Always record the drive Model Number, Part Number and Serial Number for future
warranty situations and spare parts. A good location to record these is on the Start-up
Service Factor1.0
Speed Regulation (95% Load Change):
Armature Voltage1% of Max. Speed with IR Compensation
All other variables
(voltage regulated)15% of Base Speed
Tachometer Feedback (DC)0. 5% of Base Speed
Speed Range:30:1
Efficiency:
Control Only98%
Drive System (motor and control) 86% typically
Chassis Models 0-550C ( 32-130° F )
Enclosed (NEMA 4/12) 0-400C ( 32-104° F )
INTERNAL ADJUSTMENTS (POTENTIOMETERS)
Potentiometer FunctionRange
Maximum Speed80-120% of Rated Speed
Minimum Speed0-30% of Maximum Speed
IR Compensation0-20% of Rated Voltage
Current Limit0-150% of Selected Range
Acceleration Time0.3-20 seconds (linear)
Deceleration Time0.3-20 seconds (linear)
Jog Speed0-30% of Full Speed command
Speed Loop OffsetAdjustable
Velocity Loop StabilityAdjustable
Current Loop StabilityAdjustable
Current Signal Follower GainAdjustable
Velocity Signal Follower GainAdjustable
Signal Follower Zero BiasAdjustable
CUSTOMER SELECTIONS (JUMPERS)
FunctionRange
Input Voltage120/240Vac
Control ModeSpeed / Torque
Current Feedback rangeHigh / Medium / Low / Xlow
Current Limit Pot SelectorLocal / Remote
Armature Voltage level90 Vdc/180 Vdc
Optional “M” ContactorYes/No
Tachometer FeedbackHigh/Low
Speed Feedback SelectorArmature / Tachometer
Line Frequency50/ 60Hz
F3TSToggle Switch, NEMA 4 /12
F3NSBDSignal Isolation Board
2450-9024Remote Percent Speed Meter Kit
2450-9021Remote RPM Speed Meter Kit
2950-9066Remote Operator Station ( 3 Function )
2950-9068Remote Operator Station ( 5 Function )
6160-9001Ten-Turn Precision Potentiometer
Page 14
Focus 3 Chassis Dimensions
Chassis
Suitable for mounting in a user’s enclosure where internal temperatures will not exceed
550C or 1300F.
TB2
2
3
4
5
6
SMALL
REGEN
&
NON-REGEN
MOUNTING
9.75"9.35"
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
B
D
B
C
C
A
A
E
JP11
8
1
T1
3.30"
AC1AC2
0.25"
13.00"
12.00"
BB
1
LAL
0.168" (4 PLACES)
F3R2C
6.36"
6.75"
TB2
2
3
4
LARGE
REGEN
&
NON-REGEN
MOUNTING
A
TB1
2
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
B
D
B
C
C
A
A
E
JP11
8
1
4.50"
AC2 G2
0.13"
8.88"
9.50"
0.312" (4 PLACES)
F3R5C
Page 15
Focus 3 Enclosed Dimensions
NEMA 4/12
Suitable for most well ventilated factory areas where industrial equipment is installed.
Locations subject to steam vapors, oil vapors, flammable or combustible vapors,
chemical fumes, and corrosive gases or liquids should be avoided unless an
appropriate enclosure has been supplied. Ambient temperature is not to exceed 400C.
5.93
9.35
4.63
12.00
6.36
8.88
0.168 Dia
(4 Places)
6.91
0.51
6.13
F3R2E
3.70
9.50
2.102.22
1.05
1.05
0.13
1.05
Page 16
Ø0.31
F3R5E
Focus 3 Option Kits
r
f
f
Focus 3 Enclosure Option – F3SE (small) up to 2HP
F3LE (large) 3-5HP
This kit provides the flexibility of stocking only Chassis
drives and adding the enclosure when required. It
reduces the number of stocked items to 6 (four chassis
drives and two covers) as opposed to eight (fou
enclosed drives and four chassis drives). It includes the
speed adjustment potentiometer and the start/stop
switch pre-wired to a plug-on terminal strip and all seals
to provide a NEMA 4/12-enclosure rating.
Focus 3 Contactor Kit – P/N F3M112 (1 HP,120vac)
P/N F3M224 (2 HP, 240vac)
This Kit includes a magnetic contactor that can be
mounted either in the Focus 3 enclosed unit or on the
chassis mount unit. It provides a positive disconnect o
the motor armature when the controller is stopped,
preventing motor rotation in the event of SCR mis-fire
due to line noise. This kit may also be required by local
and/or National Electrical Codes. This kit also includes
the DB (dynamic braking) poles, an auxiliary normally
open contact and all connection wires.
This Kit includes a magnetic contactor that can be
mounted either in the Focus 3 enclosed unit or on the
chassis mount unit. It provides a positive disconnect o
the motor armature when the controller is stopped,
preventing motor rotation in the event of SCR mis-fire
due to line noise. This kit may also be required by local
and/or National Electrical Codes. This kit also includes
the DB (dynamic braking) poles, an auxiliary normally
open contact and all connection wires.
Page 17
Focus 3 Option Kits
r
r
f
AC InputHP (Typical)Part Number
120 Vac
240 Vac
Focus 3 Dynamic Braking Kit
PN– See Table Below
For use with Focus 3 Contactor Kits. Dynamic
braking provides rapid motor stopping by quickly
dissipating the stored energy in the rotating moto
and load. These resistors have been sized in
accordance with Nema specifications for dynamic
braking.
“Providing 3 stops in rapid succession with the
load inertia equal to the motor inertia, then
cooling forever.”
Note: Large and small dynamic braking resistors
shown, ¼-2 HP use small and the 3-5 HP use the
large resistor.
1/4-1/3
1/2
3/4-1
1/2
3/4-1
1.5
2
3
5
F3DB1524
F3DB224
F3DB112
F3DB0524
F3DB224
F3DB1524
F3DB224
F3DB324
F3DB524
Page 18
Focus 3 Toggle Switch – P/N F3TS
This kit can be mounted in the drive enclosure cove
or remote mounted when used with chassis drives.
The kit includes the switch, NEMA 4/12 switch boot
and the connection wires for enclosure use. It is
used to provide one of the following functions:
Fwd/Rev, Run/Jog, or Auto/Manual. Up to 3 o
these kits may be used with the Drive cover.
Focus 3 Option Kits
Signal Isolator Board – P/N F3NSBD
This option is used in applications where isolation is
required between an external control signal and the
motor controller (which may or may not be at earth
ground potential). It can be utilized to isolate a variety
of voltage or current signals (see specifications below).
It may also be used simply to isolate the speed
adjustment pot, and the pot power supply is included.
This option can be mounted in the enclosure or in a
piece of plastic track (included with kit).
Control Relay (CRR): 24 Vdc @ 12.1 mA (JP5 = 24 Vdc)
120 Vac @ 20 mA (JP5 = 120 Vac)
Contact Type/Rating – 2 Form A / 1A @ 250 Vac
Isolation Voltage:240 Vac Power Systems
2000 Vac Hi-Pot for 1 Minute
Inputs:
Voltage Ranges:5,12,26,52,98 & 208 Vdc, 180 Ohms/volt
Current Ranges:0-5 mA, 1-5 mA, 910 Ohms input impedance
0-20 mA, 4-20 mA, 250 Ohms input impedance
Speed Pot: 5Kohms, 2W (Includes +10 Vdc power supply for potentiometer)
Output:0 to +10 Vdc (Uni-polar)
Application Note:
Although the Focus 3 Regenerative drives are isolated, this board is useful in
applications requiring control with a 4-20 milliamp speed reference since the drive was
designed for a 0-20 milliamp signal. It also adds an additional layer or isolation. In
addition, the adjustments on this board are multi-turn adjustment potentiometers
providing much finer adjustments than the ones on the drive.
Page 19
Focus Family Options
r
Speed
Remote Operator Station – P/N 2950-9068 /2950-9066
Speed
Run
Jog
Auto
Man
Start
Stop
25
0
25
50
75
100100
Start
Stop
-
50
0
75
100
25
50
75
These NEMA 1 operator stations can be used to remotely
control Focus 1 and Focus 3 Motor Controllers. Two models
are available as shown. Both units include a Speed
Potentiometer, a green normally open start button and a red
normally closed stop button. The 2450-9068 also includes
two two- position switches with two contacts, 1 normally
open, 1 normally closed.
Remote Percent Meters – P/N See Accessories Catalog
This meter may be used to remotely display the motor speed in
percent of maximum speed. Included is a calibration board. It is
available in left zero (unidirectional applications) or 0-center (bidirectional applications) Meters supplied loose for customer
mounting.
This is a multi-turn speed potentiometer. It provides a vernie
scale for precise and repeatable speed setting. A locking tab is
provided to prevent in advertent speed changes. It may be
mounted in either of the Focus 1 and Focus 3 enclosures or the
Remote Operator Station described above.
Page 20
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