Comtrol Corporation makes no representations or warranties with
regard to the contents of this guide or to the suitability of the Comtrol
products for any particular purpose. Specifications subject to change
without notice. Some software or features may not be available at the
time of publication. Contact your reseller for current product
information.
Trademarks
RocketPort is a registered trademark and Comtrol and RocketModem
are trademarks of Comtrol Corporation.
OpenServer is a trademark and SCO is a registered trademark of The
Santa Cruz Operation.
Other product names mentioned herein may be trademarks and/or
registered trademarks of their respective companies.
•RocketModem AT Command Set
Please note that these software drivers support a broad range of
Comtrol hardware products, and that both this guide and the driver
you install may include features not applicable to your installation.
Each Comtrol adapter, board, or interface comes packaged with a
Hardware Reference Card, which covers hardware-specific installation
instructions and performance characteristics. For more information
about your Comtrol product, see the Hardware Reference Card.
Operating System Requirements
The drivers discussed in this document work with the following
operating systems:
•Microsoft Windows
Note: NT 4.0 or higher is required to support Multilink PPP.
RAS or RRAS is required to support Remote Access Service.
Under NT 4.0, Service Pack 3 is required to support RAS.
®
•Citrix
•Microsoft Windows
•Novell
or NetWare Connect 2.0.30 or higher)
•Novell IntranetWare I (with NIAS and Support Pack v1.0)
•SCO
Overview7
WinFrame® (1.7 or later)
®
NetWare® 3.12, 3.2, or 4.1x (with MPR 3.1A or higher and/
®
OpenServer™ (5.0.x)
®
NT (3.51, 4.0, or higher)
®
95 and Windows® 98
Introduction
Technical Support
Comtrol has a staff of support technicians available to help you. U.S.
and U.K. telephone support is available during business hours,
Monday through Friday (holidays excluded), at the phone number(s)
listed on the previous page. Before you call Comtrol technical support,
please have the following information available.
Table 1. Support Call Information
ItemInformation
Product name
Country where used
Serial number*
Part number**
I/O address***
Interrupt (IRQ)***
Operating system type and
release
OS service pack number
Driver version number
Computer make, model,
and speed
Other Comtrol products
installed and their I/O
addresses, if applicable
Other serial port adapters
installed and respective
COM port numbers
*Serial numbers can be found on a printed tag on the RocketPort/
RocketModem circuit board.
**Part numbers can be found on both the box and on a tag on the
circuit board. It is a six-digit number similar to this:
96850-4
.
***The I/O address is set in two places: in the DIP switch block on
the circuit board, and in the driver software. The IRQ, if used, is
set in the driver software only.
files on the installation media.
Comtrol manuals and other documents are available in electronic form
on the Comtrol corporate headquarters (U.S.) web site. Driver software
updates can be downloaded at no charge from the Comtrol U.S. ftp site.
Always check the web and ftp sites to make sure that you have the
current driver and documentation.
•Comtrol U.S. web site:
•Comtrol U.S. ftp site:
http://www.comtrol.com
ftp://ftp.comtrol.com
The current released version of the software is stored in the Rocket
directory. If a newer version has reached the beta testing stage, it can
be found in the BETA directory. Beta software is made available on an
“as-is”
basis and users of beta software assume all risks and liabilities
relating thereto.
Note: Downloadable driver software files are stored in either zipped
(filename.zip) or self-extracting zip (filename.exe) format. You
must extract the zipped files before installing a downloaded file.
For more information, see the appropriate section for your
server operating system.
and/or online Help
Software and Document Updates9
Introduction
Table 2. Device Drivers for RocketPort and RocketModem
Operating System (Level)
BSDI (3.0)
FreeBSD 2.2+
FreeBSD 3.0
Linux (V1.2.0 or higher)
MS-DOS (5.0 and 6.2) Int 14 & FOSSIL
Novell (3.12 through 4.11)
OS/2 (2.X and 3.X) not WARP Connect
QNX 4.X (16- and 32-bit)
SCO OpenServer (5.0.X)
SCO UNIX/Open Desktop (3.2v4.2 & 3.2v5)
Solaris X86 (2.4, 2.5.1, and 2.6)
SVR3.2 UNIX (3.2v3 and 3.2v4)
SVR4 UNIX (SVR4.2 and UnixWare 1.X)
SVR4 UNIX (UnixWare 2.1.X)
Windows 3.1 and WFWG 3.11
Windows 95/98
Windows NT (3.51 and 4.0) I386
Windows NT (3.51 and 4.0)
Use this section to install and configure the RocketPort/RocketModem
SCO OpenServer Driver. This driver supports both the RocketPort
series of multiport serial boards and the RocketModem series of
integrated multimodem boards.
You can install up to four RocketPort/RocketModem boards in one
computer, including a combination of RocketPort and RocketModem
and ISA- and PCI-bus adapters. This driver supports a maximum of
128 serial I/O ports or modems per computer, and each port can be
driven at baud rates up to 230.4K bps, depending on the model of
RocketPort or RocketModem installed.
•All RocketModem boards support their own built-in modems
exclusively.
•All RocketPort boards support external RS-232 devices at speeds up
to 230.4K bps. Selected models also support RS-422 or RS-485.
For more information regarding the specific capabilities of your
RocketPort or RocketModem board, see the Hardware Reference Card
that is packaged with each board.
Note: While the driver and boards are capable of this performance,
older versions of UUCP and CU (prior to 5.0.4c) are limited to a
maximum baud rate of 38.4 Kbps.
This product was developed and tested using SCO OpenServer 5.0.4c.
You must install your RocketPort/RocketModem controller board(s)
before installing the device driver software. This section discusses how
to install, configure, and test the SCO OpenServer device driver
software.
If you need more information about baud rate support, see the manual
page for termio on your system. If you need to access rates higher than
38.4 Kbps, see the section on Baud Rate Mapping on page 18.
For more information about signals, cables, and pinouts, see the
Hardware Reference Card that came with your board and interface.
Overview11
SCO OpenServer
Installation Prerequisites
Before you install the SCO OpenServer device driver, you must:
•Obtain the current driver, either on media or from the Comtrol web
or ftp site.
•Remove any older RocketPort/RocketModem driver that may be on
your system.
•Extract the current driver files and create an installation diskette.
Removing an Existing Driver
If upgrading from an earlier version of the driver, remove the old
driver before installing the new one. Follow these steps:
1. Log in as the system administrator (root).
2. Invoke the custom utility.
3. Select the RocketPort/RocketModem device driver to be removed.
4. Select the Software option.
5. Select Remove Software.
6. Select Remove to confirm your choice.
7. Type Y to boot the kernel by default.
8. Type Y to rebuild the kernel environment.
9. Press any key to return to the custom menu.
10. Select Host and Exit to exit the custom utility.
11. If you have other drivers to remove at this time, do so.
12. Reboot the kernel so that your changes take effect.
Installing the New Driver
Use the following instructions to extract and install the RocketPort/
RocketModem SCO OpenServer driver.
Extracting the Driver Files
The RocketPort/RocketModem SCO OpenServer driver is distributed
as either a UNIX install diskette or as a compressed DOS-format file
named 6543.z. If you have the UNIX version, skip to Driver Installation on page 13.
12Installation Prerequisites
SCO OpenServer
If you have obtained 6543.z, either by downloading it from the Comtrol
ftp site or on DOS-formatted media, follow these steps to extract the
file and create a UNIX installation diskette.
1. If needed, copy the file to your UNIX server. For example, if
copying from a DOS diskette in your A: drive, enter this command:
doscp a:6543.z
2. Enter this command to rename the file: mv 6543.z 6543.Z
3. Enter this command to extract the driver: uncompress 6543.Z
4. Enter this command to copy the resulting file to a blank diskette:
dd if=6543 of=/dev/rfd?135ds18
Where ? is 0 if this is the primary or 1 if it is the secondary drive.
Software Installation
If you have changed the hardware configuration, added or removed
controller boards, or are upgrading to a new version of the driver,
remove the existing RocketPort/RocketModem device driver before
proceeding. For more information, see Removing the Existing Driver.
To install a new device driver, follow these steps:
1. Boot the system and log in as the system administrator (root).
2. Invoke the custom utility.
For more information about the custom utility, see the System
Administrator’s Guide or the online manual page for custom.
3. Select Software.
4. Select Install New.
5. Select From scosysv (where scosysv is your system name).
6. Insert the installation diskette in the primary drive. Select the
appropriate device (e.g., floppy disk drive 0) and press Enter.
7. Select Install.
8. Enter the number of ISA RocketPort/RocketModem boards
installed in the system.
9. Choose a valid I/O address for each ISA controller board. These
must match the I/O addresses set using the DIP switches on the
boards during hardware installation. (For more information see
the Hardware Reference Card that came with your board.)
10. Enter the number of PCI RocketPort/RocketModem boards
installed in the system.
11. If you do not have any RocketModem boards installed in your
system, press N.
Installing the New Driver13
SCO OpenServer
If you do have one or more RocketModem boards installed, press Y,
then select the code for the country where the modem will be used.
Values are:
FFrance
G Germany
IItaly
SSweden
K United Kingdom
UUSA/North America
12. If you do not have a RocketPort 485 board installed in your
system, press N.
If you do have a RocketPort 485 installed, press Y. Each port that
can be configured for RS-485 is then displayed; press Y if the port
is configured for RS-485, or N if the port is configured for RS-232.
Note: Only the first two ports on a RocketPort 485 can be set up
for RS-485. The remaining ports are always RS-232. To
determine how the board is configured, see the RocketPort
485 Hardware Reference Card.
13. Press Y to boot this new kernel by default.
14. Press Y to rebuild the kernel environment.
15. Press any key to continue.
16. Remove the device driver installation diskette.
17. Select Host and Exit to exit the custom utility.
18. Reboot the system so that your driver changes will take effect.
Rebooting the System
If you need to install new hardware, follow these steps:
1. At the root prompt, enter haltsys and press Enter. A screen displays
saying you can safely shut off your system.
2. Turn the system off and install the new hardware.
3. After installing the new hardware, turn the system back on.
If you do not need to install new hardware, enter reboot at the root
prompt and press Enter.
Alternately, you can sync, shutdown, and reboot the system by entering
this command:
shutdown -y -g0
14Installing the New Driver
SCO OpenServer
Verifying Installation
If the hardware and software installations were successful, the
following message displays for each board after you reboot:
% Rocket ###h - ###h- -YYY nports=X vx.xx <date>
Where ###h - ###h is the I/O address of the board, YYY indicates ISA
or PCI board, X is the number of ports on the controller, vx.xx is driver
revision number, and <date> is the driver release date.
Note: The driver sees all RocketModem ISA boards as 8-port boards.
If the installation was not successful, the following message displays:
% Rocket xxxh - xxxh- -board X NOT FOUND vx.xx
Where X is the adapter number (1-4) that was expected to be in the
system but could not be detected by the driver, and vx.xx is the driver
revision number.
The nports statement may also display the wrong number of ports.
For help resolving installation problems, see the Troubleshooting on
page 32.
Configuring Ports
The RocketPort/RocketModem SCO OpenServer device driver
provides three device types:
•Non-modem (Direct) Control
Enabling direct device names allows communications without the
carrier detect signal being present. It also allows for 3-wire
connections with non-modem serial devices, using the TxD
(transmit data), RxD (receive data), and SG (signal ground).
•Modem Control
The modem device names require modem control to function
properly. Specifically, the carrier detect signal must be present
before the serial port becomes active.
•Transparent Print
This is an output-only device that allows you to access the auxiliary
port on a terminal.
Regardless of the number of ports physically present, the driver creates
32 devices in the /dev directory for each board installed. (This is to allow
for the maximum number of ports possible.) Device names are assigned
as shown in Table 3 on page 16.
Note: With ISA-bus RocketPort boards, the board numbering sequence
is determined by board I/O addresses. With PCI-bus RocketPort
boards, the numbering sequence is determined by the PCI slot
number. When mixing ISA- and PCI-bus RocketPorts, the ISA
boards always come before the PCI boards. For example, if you
have one ISA and one PCI RocketPort, the ISA board will
always be Board 1 and the PCI board will always be Board 2.
For more information on ISA board I/O addressing, see your
Hardware Reference Card.
Note: While the driver supports these device types, your hardware may
not. For example, the RocketModem does not support
Transparent Print.
16Configuring Ports
SCO OpenServer
Enabling Ports
To enable a port, enter this command:
enable portname
Where portname is the device name as shown in the Device Names
table. For example, to enable Board 1, Port 0 for direct
communications, enter:
enable ttyr0a
For more information, see the online manual page for enable.
Disabling Ports
To disable a port, enter this command:
disable portname
Where portname is the device name as shown in the Device Names
table. For example, to disable Board 1, Port 0, enter:
disable ttyr0a
For more information, see the online manual page for disable.
Viewing Settings
To view the current tty settings for a port, enter this command:
stty -a < /dev/portname
For more information see the Troubleshooting beginning on page 32.
Hardware Flow Control
To enable hardware flow control for a port that has already been
enabled, cd to the /comtrol/rckt directory and enter this command:
rtscts -y /dev/portname
To disable hardware flow control, enter this command:
rtscts -n /dev/portname
Configuring Ports17
SCO OpenServer
Baud Rate Mapping
Older versions of UUCP and CU do not support baud rates above
38.4K bps. (This was corrected in 5.0.4c.) Therefore, to take full
advantage of the RocketPort or RocketModem board’s potential speed
with either older or current versions, use one of the following methods
to remap baud rates:
•setbaud
This program enables you to remap baud rates for one or more
ports, for the current session only.
•baud.init
This command enables you to remap the baud rates automatically
each time the system is rebooted.
Setbaud
Follow these steps to temporarily remap baud rates:
1. Disable the ports for which you want to remap baud rates.
2. Enter this command:
/comtrol/rckt/setbaud -h /dev/portname
The rates are remapped as shown in the following table:
Table 4. Baud Rate Mapping
System Rate
5057600
7576800
110115200
134230400
Setbaud
Rate
3. Repeat Step 2 for each port for which you are remapping rates.
4. Use the normal tty administrative procedure to set the port to the
system rate. The setbaud rate will be used instead.
To map a port to a rate not in the setbaud table, enter this command:
Where oldrate is the system rate and newrate is the desired new rate.
To reset a port to standard system rates, enter this command:
/comtrol/rckt/setbaud -n /dev/portname
18Baud Rate Mapping
SCO OpenServer
Baud.init
Follow these steps to permanently remap baud rates:
1. Edit the /comtrol/rckt/baud.cfg file to list the ports for which you are
remapping baud rates. To use the remapped rates listed in the
setbaud table, simply list the devices names. For example:
/dev/ttyr0a
/dev/ttyr0A
/dev/ttyr0b
/dev/ttyr0B
To create a custom mapping scheme, enter the device name, the old
rate, and the new rate the old rate is mapped to. For example:
2. Reboot the system, or execute /comtrol/rckt/baud.init for immediate
change. The rates will be remapped according to the contents of
the /comtrol/rckt/baud.cfg file each time the system is rebooted.
3. Use the normal tty administrative procedure to set the port to the
system rate. The remapped rate is used instead.
Terminal Sessions in SCO OpenServer
The following discussions provide step-by-step examples of how to
enable login services, log in, and test direct connections under SCO
OpenServer. Copy and adapt these procedures as needed.
Enabling Login Services
This example enables Port ttyr0a for direct connection at 38,400 baud.
1. Connect a null modem cable from RocketPort Board 1, Port 0, to the
modem port of a dumb terminal.
2. Set the terminal modem port baud rate to 38400. If needed,
reinitialize the terminal so that it is using the new settings.
3. Edit the following line in the /etc/inittab file:
r0a:2:off:/etc/getty ttyr0a o
Note: The o matches the o entry in the /etc/gettydefs file for
38,400 baud. For more information see the gettydefs and
inittab online manual pages.
5. From the terminal, enter your login name and password. If you
cannot log in, check the baud rate setting on the terminal and
verify that it matches the baud rate setting on the server port.
To see the current settings for the port, enter this command on the
system console:
stty -a < /dev/ttyr0a
6. From the terminal, move around the system and open files to
verify that everything is working correctly. Access the
custom
utility to verify that the system is interpreting ASCII control
sequences correctly.
7. When you are finished, type exit and log out.
20Terminal Sessions in SCO OpenServer
SCO OpenServer
RS-485 Configuration
If you have installed a RocketPort that supports RS-485 and have
configured one or more ports for RS-485 operation (see the Hardware Reference Card), there are two ways to configure RS-485 service.
•rs485
This program enables you to remap a port to enable or disable
RS-485, for the current session only.
•rs485.init
This enables you to remap a port to enable or disable RS-485
automatically each time the system is rebooted.
RS485
Follow these steps to temporarily enable or disable RS-485:
1. Disable the port you want to work with.
2. To enable RS-485 on a port, enter this command:
/comtrol/rckt/rs485 -y /dev/<portname>
To disable RS-485 on a port, enter this command:
/comtrol/rckt/rs485 -n /dev/<portname>
3. Repeat these steps for each port you want to enable or disable.
Note: Do not enable RS-485 for a port configured for RS-232.
RS485.init
Follow these steps to permanently enable or disable RS-485:
1. Edit the /comtrol/rckt/rs485.cfg file to add or delete the ports you are
remapping. To enable a port, add it to the list. To disable a port,
remove it from rs485.cfg or comment it out. For example:
/dev/ttyr0a
/dev/ttyr0b
indicates that port 0 and port 1 on Board 1 are enabled for RS-485.
#/dev/ttyr0a
#/dev/ttyr0b
indicates that port 0 and port 1 on Board 1 are disabled for RS-485.
(The # indicates a commented-out line.)
2. Reboot the system, or execute /comtrol/rckt/rs485.init for immediate
change. The ports are remapped according to the contents of the
/comtrol/rckt/rs485.cfg file each time the system is rebooted.
RS-485 Configuration21
SCO OpenServer
Configuring Modems
The following procedure describes how to set up a RocketModem for
dial-in and dial-out operations. If you are using another brand of
modem attached to a RocketPort serial port, copy and adapt this
procedure as needed (substituting the setup strings for your modem),
or use the vendor-provided files for your third-party modem. Setup
strings can generally be found in the modem owner’s manual.
1. Verify that UUCP is installed. Your system should contain the
/usr/lib/uucp and /usr/lib/uucp/default directories. If necessary, use
the custom utility to install UUCP.
2. Verify that the serial port you plan to use is recognized by the
system, either by checking /usr/adm/messages for log entries from
previous sessions or by using the hwconfig utility.
3. If using an external modem with a RocketPort, connect the modem
to the serial port, then connect the modem to the phone line.
If using a RocketModem, connect the modem to the phone line.
4. Disable both the modem and non-modem devices. For example, to
disable Board 1, Port 0, enter these commands:
disable ttyr0A
disable ttyr0a
5. Check the /usr/lib/uucp/Devices file for the following entries, and
add them if they are not present:
ACU ttyr0A - 38400 /usr/lib/uucp/dialRCKT
Direct ttyr0a - 38400 direct
There should be two entries for each serial port being used for a
modem. The ACU (Automatic Calling Unit) entry is used when you
start a call, and the Direct entry is used to connect directly with the
modem and issue AT commands manually.
6. To examine the /dev directory and ensure that these devices are
owned by uucp, enter this command:
ls -l /dev/ttyr0[a,A]
The system should respond with a file listing like this:
crw-r--r--1uucp uucp 21,128 Aug 17 17:42 ttyr0A
crw-r--r--1uucp uucp 21,000 Aug 17 17:43 ttyr0a
22Configuring Modems
SCO OpenServer
7. If these devices are not owned by uucp, use the chown command to
change the device owner and group names. For example:
8. Enter this command to connect to the non-modem control port:
cu -s 38400 -l /dev/portname
The system should respond:
connected
9. Type in atz and press Enter. The modem should respond:
OK
10. After verifying that the modem is responding, close the connection
by entering ~./
11. If desired, perform these steps to test dialing:
a. Connect to the non-modem control port. (See Step 8, above.)
b. Type in atdtphonenumber, where phonenumber is the number
you want to dial.
c.When you press Enter, the system should connect to the telco,
get a dial tone, dial the number, and connect to the host system
(if any) on the receiving end. At each stage of the process,
appropriate success or failure messages should be displayed.
d. When you are done, enter ~./ to close the connection.
12. Verify that /etc/inittab is set up correctly. The entry for ttyr0A
should look similar to the following line:
r0A:23:off:/etc/getty -t60 ttyr0A o
If you need to use a different baud rate, check the /etc/gettydefs file
for the necessary entries. In this example, the letter o corresponds
to 38400 baud.
13. Enter this command to enable the port for incoming calls:
enable ttyr0A
14. To test dial-in, dial into this modem from another modem.
Configuring Modems23
SCO OpenServer
Using Dialers
For dialing, both CU and UUCP use a dialer defined by an entry in
/usr/lib/uucp/Devices. The dialer can be:
•an entry in the /usr/lib/uucp/Dialers file
•a symbolic link to atdialer, together with a suitable configuration
file in /usr/lib/uucp/default
•a standalone program such as /usr/lib/uucp/dialRCKT
Comtrol provides the necessary dialer files for each of these types of
dialers to support the RocketModem. These files are included with SCO
OpenServer driver v2.02 and above. For more information, see your
SCO manual or manpages for atdialer(C), dialers(F), Devices(F), and
make.dialer(C).
RocketModem: Dialer file entries
During installation of the driver, the following RcktModem entries are
added to the /usr/lib/uucp/Dialers file.
4. Edit the /usr/lib/uucp/makefile.
a. Find the line that reads:
EXES=dialHA96V dialMUL dialTBIT atdialer
Using Dialers25
SCO OpenServer
Change it to read:
EXES=dialHA96V dialMUL dialTBIT atdialer dialRCKT
b. Find the line that reads:
CFLAGS = -O -DHDUU -DAUTOCONNECT
Change it to read:
CFLAGS = -O -DHDUU -DAUTOCONNECT -DROW -D<CTRY>
Where <CTRY> is the name of the country where this modem
will be used.
Values are:
Table 7. makefile Country Codes
CodeCountry
FRANCEFrance
GERMANYGermany
ITALYItaly
SWEDENSweden
UNITEDKINGDOMUnited Kingdom
UNITEDSTATESUSA/North America
5. To use the dialRCKT dialer, edit the /usr/lib/uucp/Devices file so
that the fifth field now reads:
ACU ttyr0A - 38400 /usr/lib/uucp/dialRCKT
26Using Dialers
SCO OpenServer
Configuring Printers
The following files are used to administer printers connected directly
to serial ports under SCO OpenServer:
Table 8. Printer Administration Files
FileFunction
/etc/default/lpdfile for the default printer
/usr/spool/lpprinter and scheduler info directory
/usr/spool/lpmodeldirectory for interface models
/usr/spool/lp/interface directory for use by spooler
/usr/spool/lp/logcompleted print request log file
Printer Administration Commands
These commands are used frequently when working with printers. See
the online manual pages for more information.
Table 9. Printer Administration Commands
CommandDescription
lpsubmit print request
lpridentical to lp
lpinitinstall printer
cancelcancel print request
lpstatprovide status of printer/pending print jobs
lpschedstart printer scheduler
lpshutstop printer scheduler
lpadminchange printer and spooler configuration
enableenable printer for use
disabledisable printer from accepting print requests
Configuring Printers27
SCO OpenServer
Transparent Print
The transparent print feature enables users to attach a printer to the
auxiliary port available on most video display terminals. Data can
then be directed from the host through the terminal to the printer,
without disturbing the normal keyboard entry and display functions.
This enables you to attach a terminal and a printer to the same port.
Follow these basic steps to set up transparent print:
1. Attach a printer to the auxiliary port on the terminal.
2. Edit the /comtrol/rckt/tprint.cfg file to configure the tprint port.
3. Run /comtrol/rckt/psetup to inform the driver of the new
configuration.
4. Enable the terminal for logins.
5. Direct output to the tprint port name.
For more information, see the related discussions that follow.
TPRINT.CFG
Each printer device must be described in the tprint.cfg file. This
description consists of a set of statements describing the terminal and
printer used. Each statement consists of a keyword/parameter pair, in
the form, keyword=parameter.
See your hardware owner’s manuals for information regarding the
statements required by your printer and operating system.
The tprint.cfg configuration statements consist of up to five lines for
each transparent port used:
device=
auxon=
auxoff=
printcps=
option=
For example, the following configuration can be found in the /comtr ol/
rckt/tprint.sample file:
# device tpr0a (attached to device ttyr0a
# terminal: Link Technologies model 220
# printer: Okidata model u92
device=tpr0a
The keywords are described further in the following table.
28Configuring Printers
SCO OpenServer
Table 10. TPRINT.CFG Keywords
KeywordDescription
This specifies the printer device for a group of
statements, and must be the first line in each
group of statements describing a device. All
device
statements that follow this statement and
come before the next
device
statement (or the
end of the file) will apply to the named device.
Example
device=tpr0a
:
This specifies the control sequence that must
be sent to the terminal to enable transparent
printing. This can be a one-to-four character
sequence of ASCII characters or mnemonics,
or both, in paranthesis.
You can enter the characters as:
auxon
•An actual ASCII character
•A backslash and a hexadecimal value, for
example,
\28
is the same as (.
•A mnemonic character. (See page 30).
Characters or mnemonics must be separated
by spaces.
This is similar to auxon, and specifies the
auxoff
control sequence that must be sent to the
terminal to disable transparent printing.
This specifies (in decimal) the printer speed in
printcps
characters per second. The driver meters out
80-percent of this for actual use.
This specifies any post-processing that is to be
performed on data output to the printer.
There are three options:
option
onclr
•
outputs a newline character as
(newline, carraige return)
ocrnl
•
•
outputs carriage return as a newline
none
produces normal output
nl,cr
See your printer documentation for more
information about post-processing.
After tprint.cfg has been set up, run the psetup program to transfer the
tprint information to the device driver. The syntax is:
/comtrol/rckt/psetup
This program also includes a test mode. To use it, enter:
/comtrol/rckt/psetup -t
Psetup will verify the statements in tprint.cfg but not update the
driver. Any errors found are listed by tprint.cfg line number.
Psetup can be run any time after booting, and may be run repeatedly.
If transparent print is being used on a regular basis, psetup should be
run from the proper rc file after the load program.
30Configuring Printers
SCO OpenServer
Testing Transparent Print
The following example uses an IBM InfoWindow II 3153 and an Epson
LQ-510 printer. Copy and adapt these procedures as needed.
1. Use a null-modem cable to connect the SES1-EIA port on the
terminal to RocketPort Board 1, Port 0 (ttyr0a).
2. Use a serial-to-parallel cable to connect the printer to the SES2AUX port on the terminal.
3. Verify that the driver has been installed with transparent print
feature enabled and a port speed of 38,400.
4. Disable /dev/ttyr0a.
5. Edit /comtrol/rckt/tprint.cfg and add the following lines:
device=tpr0a
auxon=(esc d #)
auxoff=(dc4)
printcps=90
option=onclr
6. Run /comtrol/rckt/psetup -t.
The program should return (test mode). If it does not, resolve the
error conditions and try again. Repeat until tprint.cfg is error-free.
7. Run /comtrol/rckt/psetup.
8. Enable /dev/ttyr0a.
9. Enter this command:
ls> /dev/tpr0a
This should print a listing of the present working directory on the
printer, without printing to the terminal screen.
10. If desired, print man pages, or cat text files to /dev/tpr0a to further
test the printer.
11. Login on the terminal and cat files to the printer. The terminal
should work without stopping while printing is in progress.
Configuring Printers31
SCO OpenServer
Troubleshooting
Before you call Comtrol technical support, please check the following:
•Check to make sure all cables are connected properly.
•Check the signals between your peripherals and the RocketPort
interface box to verify that they match (if applicable). See the
RocketPort Hardware Reference Card for port pinouts.
•If using an ISA-bus RocketPort/RocketModem, check to make sure
the DIP switch I/O address settings on the board match the I/O
address you used when installing the device driver software.
•Make sure the controller board is seated firmly in the bus slot.
•Make sure the expansion slot screw is in place.
•Reinstall the board and device driver software, selecting a different
I/O address range for the controller. For possible I/O address
conflicts, see the System I/O Address tables.
If the above steps fail to resolve the problem, follow these steps:
1. Shut down your system.
2. Place the RocketPort Diagnostics diskette in your primary drive.
3. Power-up your system, and allow it to boot from the diagnostic
diskette.
4. Follow the on-screen instructions to run the diagnostic program.
If this fails to resolve the problem, see the Introduction section of this
guide for information about contacting Comtrol technical support.
PCI-Bus I/O Conflicts
On occasion, a system will report a PCI-bus board as NOT FOUND
due to an I/O conflict during boot-up.
To resolve this problem, follow these steps:
1. Run the diagnostics to determine the I/O address of the PCI board.
(This is set automatically by the system.) Note this address.
2. Boot into SCO.
3. Edit the file /etc/conf/sdevice.d/rckt. Change the PCI board address
shown to the actual address you noted in step 1.
4. Use the /etc/conf/cf.d/link_unix command to relink the kernel. Or,
using the GUI interface, go to the System Administration folder,
open the Hardware Kernel Manager, and click the Relink Kernel
button. Select Y for the answers to all prompts.
5. Reboot the system.
32Troubleshooting
SCO OpenServer
Modem-Related Error Messages
The following list describes some of the more common error messages
seen while performing the exercises in this manual, and their causes.
For additional assistance, see the “Troubleshooting Modems” section
in the SCO OpenServer Handbook.
Message:Connect failed: SYSTEM NOT IN Systems FILE
Cause:Missing or incorrect entry in /usr/lib/uucp/Devices.
Message:Connect failed: NO DEVICES AVAILABLE
Cause:Missing or incorrect entry in /usr/lib/uucp/Devices.
Message:Connect failed: CAN’T ACCESS DEVICE
Cause:Owner or permissions incorrect on /dev/ttyrXX
Message:Connect failed: DEVICE LOCKED
Cause:There is a lock file on this device.
Message:cu:dir permission denied
Cause:You do not have write permission on the
/usr/lib/uucp/Devices file.
Solving Modem-related Problems
If you have problems connecting to a modem-equipped port,
disconnect the cable to the modem or turn off the modem. Use the cu
command to test a port with no modem present. After connecting to
the port, reconnect or power on the modem and set the modem
parameters.
The most useful tool for diagnosing dial-out problems is the -x9 option
to cu. Using this option causes cu to display diagnostic output. To do so,
follow this syntax:
cu -x9 -l devicenamephonenumber
Where devicename is the port you are trying to use and phonenumber
is the number you are trying to dial.
If you get a “connected” message when you test the modem with cu but
no response to an at command, follow these steps:
1. Move the modem to a standard serial port and try it there. If it
works on a standard port but not on a RocketPort port, the problem
lies in the RocketPort board or port configuration.
2. Move the modem back to the RocketPort port.
3. Verify that the modem switch and software settings are correct.
4. Check the modem cable to make sure it is attached at both ends.
Troubleshooting33
SCO OpenServer
5. After issuing the cu command, press Enter several times and
watch the lights on the modem. The receive light should flash. If
only the send light flashes, the local echo may be turned off. Use
the ATE1 command to turn on the modem’s local echo feature.
6. If no lights flash, the modem cable may be defective. Replace it.
7. Use the RocketPort Diagnostics to verify that the port is working.
Using RocketModem Reset (rktmodemreset)
RocketModem Reset enables you to reset individual RocketModems to
their default (power-on) states.
Note: Reset is not implemented on all RocketModems. To determine
whether your RocketModem supports reset, see the readme file.
where <portname> is the modem control device name.
3. Repeat this process for each modem you want to reset.
Note: rcktmodemreset checks to ensure that the port you are trying to
reset is a RocketModem port. Reset cannot be used to reset nonComtrol modems or serial ports on non-RocketModem boards.
34Troubleshooting
SCO OpenServer
Solving Printer-related Problems
To identify and resolve printer-related problems, follow these steps:
1. Verify that the printer is powered up, connected to the correct port,
and on-line.
2. V erify that the printer is connected usin g the correct cable. See the
RocketPort Hardware Reference Card and your printer manual for
connector pinouts and cable specifications.
3. Move the printer to a standard serial port, and try it there. If it
works on a standard port but not on a RocketPort, the problem
may lie in the RocketPort board or port configuration.
4. Move the printer back to a RocketPort port.
5. Enter this command to send a file directly to the printer port:
cat /etc/termcap >/dev/ttyrXX
Where XX is the port to which the printer is attached.
a. If you get nothing, check to make sure the device driver is
loaded, the port is enabled, and that you are in fact connected
to the port you think you’re connected to. If all of this is true,
connect the printer to the COM1 or COM2 port and repeat this
step. If the printer still fails to print, the problem is in the
printer. If the printer does print, go back to the beginning of
this chapter and test the RocketPort.
b. If you get a partial file printout or garbled characters, go to the
sections on Flow Control, beginning below.
c.If the file is printed correctly, but you are unable to print from
an application, check the application setup.
d. If the file is printed correctly, but you are unable to print
through the UNIX spooler, go to the section on UNIX Spooler Problems, later in this chapter.
Checking Flow Control Configuration
To check flow control setup, enter this command at the system
console:
stty -a </dev/ttyrXX
Where XX is the port to which the printer is attached.
The system should respond with something like this:
Note: These lines are shown for example only. The parameters for your
system will probably be different. A minus sign (-) in front of a
parameter indicates that it is not configured, while a blank
space means that it is configured.
Software (XON/XOFF) Flow Control
Pay particular attention to the minus signs (-) in front of ixon, ixany,
and ixoff. A minus sign means that the parameter is turned off, which
in turn may mean that flow control is not being handled correctly. To
force XON/XOFF flow control, enter these commands:
Where XX is the port to which the printer is attached.
This example assumes the printer is running XON/XOFF handshaking
and 38400 baud. The cat command opens a background process on the
printer port and the stty command sets the baud rate and handshaking.
If this resolves the problem, you can make the corrections permanent
by adding the cat and stty commands shown above to the end of the
userdef file in the /etc/rc.d/8 directory, then rebooting the system.
Hardware (CTS/RTS) Flow Control
Pay particular attention to the minus signs (-) in front of ctsflow and
rtsflow. A minus sign means that the parameter is turned off, which in
turn may mean that flow control is not being handled correctly. To
force CTS/RTS flow control, enter these commands:
Where XX is the port to which the printer is attached.
This example assumes the printer is running hardware handshaking
and 38400 baud. The cat command opens a background process on the
printer port and the stty command sets the baud rate and handshaking.
If this resolves the problem, you can make the corrections permanent
by adding the cat and stty commands shown above to the end of the
userdef file in the /etc/rc.d/8 directory, then rebooting the system.
36Troubleshooting
SCO OpenServer
UNIX Spooler Problems
The System V lp spooler has a known problem that causes serial ports
with buffers beyond the UNIX internal c-lists to drop characters at the
end of print jobs.
When the lp spooler daemon wants to print something, it forks a child
process. The child opens the printer port, then forks a process to run
the interface shell script. When the shell is finished printing, it exits.
There can still be characters in the output buffer at this point, but
because the child still has the printer port open, the shell exits
immediately. The child is notified that the shell has exited, it sends a
message to the daemon (via the named FIFO) indicating the print job
has completed, the child then exits, and the exit code eventually enters
the port’s close routine.
If there are still characters left to be output to t he printer, t he process
sleeps in the close routine until the characters have gone out the port
or until the process gets a signal.
The lp spooler, however, upon receipt of the “print done” message,
sends a sigterm signal to the child. If the child is in the close routine
waiting for characters, it wakes up, flushes its buffers, and exits. This
is how the data is lost.
Possible Solutions
1. Enter stty -hupcl <&1 ; in the interface shell script immediately
before every possible exit. This prevents the shell from exiting
before all the characters have been sent out the serial port.
2. Enter sleep 30 in the interface shell script immediately before
every possible exit. This also prevents the shell from exiting before
all the characters have been sent out the serial port.
3. For applications which must access the printer device directly,
insert the following command in the /etc/rc.d/8/userdef file:
Where baud is the printer baud rate, any_flow_control is any flow
control parameter such as ixon or ixoff, and portname is the serial
device name.
This line can also be issued as a command from the root prompt,
but unless nohup is used, the process exits and the serial line is
reset when root logs out. To ensure that the process is spawned
upon going into multi-user mode and continues until the system is
shut down or the process is killed manually, place this command in
/etc/rc.d/8/userdef.
Troubleshooting37
SCO OpenServer
Retaining Non-default Parameters on a Disabled Port
Drivers only retain stty settings for a particular line as long as that
line is open. Likewise, when you do an stty on a closed port, the stty
settings are not retained. When you apply stty settings to your login
tty, the changes are retained because even after stty terminates, the
login shell continues to hold the line open.
To make stty settings permanent, enter these commands:
Where XX is the board/port number, and desired parameters are the
desired stty command parameters.
The effect of this is to open, set, and close the port, but because this is
nested inside the first open, the parameters will stick. You may place
these lines in one of the boot scripts in the rc.d directory.
Transparent Print: Known Issues
The stty command is not effective for auxiliary devices supported by
transparent print.
If the corresponding terminal is very busy, output to the printer may
be extremely sluggish or not at all.
Applications that use spreadsheets, menus, windows, and so on send
escape sequences to the terminal. Escape sequences cannot be broken
up by data going to the printer. Output to the screen is given top
priority, and output to the printer is passed through only when nothing
is going to the screen, in order to ensure that escape sequences are not
broken up.