Casio FX-100MS User Manual

fx-100MS fx-115MS fx-570MS

fx-991MS

User’s Guide

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Contents

Important Information .....................................................2

Sample Operations ..........................................................2

Initializing the Calculator ................................................2

Safety Precautions ..........................................................2

Handling Precautions ......................................................2

Removing the Hard Case ................................................3

Turning Power On and Off ..............................................3

Adjusting Display Contrast ............................................3

Reading the Display ........................................................4

Specifying the Calculation Mode ..................................4

Configuring the Calculator Setup ..................................4

Inputting Expressions and Values .................................6

Basic Calculations ...........................................................7

Function Calculations ................................................... 11

Complex Number Calculations (CMPLX) ...................15

Using CALC ....................................................................16

Using SOLVE ..................................................................16

Statistical Calculations (SD, REG) ...............................17

Base-

Equation Calculations (EQN) .......................................22

Matrix Calculations (MAT) (fx-570MS/991MS only) ..........24

Vector Calculations (VCT)

Scientific Constants (fx-570MS/991MS only) ....................29

Metric Conversion (fx-570MS/991MS only) ....................... 30

Calculation Ranges, Number of Digits,

and Precision .................................................................31

Error Messages ..............................................................33

Before Assuming Malfunction of the Calculator... .....34

n Calculations (BASE) .........................................20

(fx-570MS/991MS only) ..........27

Replacing the Battery ....................................................35

Specifications ................................................................35

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Important Information

• The displays and illustrations (such as key markings) shown in this User’s Guide are for illustrative purposes only, and may differ somewhat from the actual items they represent.

• The contents of this manual are subject to change without notice.

• In no event shall CASIO Computer Co., Ltd. be liable to anyone for special, collateral, incidental, or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the purchase or use of this product and items that come with it. Moreover, CASIO Computer Co., Ltd. shall not be liable for any claim of any kind whatsoever by any other party arising out of the use of this product and the items that come with it.

• Be sure to keep all user documentation handy for future reference.

Sample Operations

Sample operations in this manual are indicated by a icon. Unless specifically stated, all sample operations assume that the calculator is in its initial default setup. Use the procedure under “Initializing the Calculator” to return the calculator to its initial default setup.

Initializing the Calculator

Perform the following procedure when you want to initialize the calculator and return the calculation mode and setup to their initial default settings. Note that this operation also clears all data currently in calculator memory.

O!N(CLR) 3(All) =

Safety Precautions

Battery

• Keep batteries out of the reach of small children.

• Use only the type of battery specified for this calculator in this manual.

Handling Precautions

• Dim figures on the display of the calculator indicate that battery power is low. Continued use of the calculator when the battery is low can result in improper operation. Replace the battery as soon as possible when display figures becomes dim. Even if the calculator is operating normally, replace the battery at least once every two years (fx-100MS), or three years (fx115MS/570MS/991MS). A dead battery can leak, causing damage to and malfunction of the calculator. Never leave a dead battery in the calculator.

• The battery that comes with the calculator discharges slightly during shipment and storage. Because of this, it may require replacement sooner than the normal expected battery life.

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• Do not use an oxyride battery* or any other type of nickel-based

primary battery with this product. Incompatibility between such batteries and product specifications can result in shorter battery life and product malfunction.

• Avoid use and storage of the calculator in areas subjected to temperature extremes, and large amounts of humidity and dust.

• Do not subject the calculator to excessive impact, pressure, or bending.

• Never try to take the calculator apart.

• Use a soft, dry cloth to clean the exterior of the calculator.

• Whenever discarding the calculator or batteries, be sure to do

so in accordance with the laws and regulations in your particular area.

* Company and product names used in this manual may be registered

trademarks or trademarks of their respective owners.

Removing the Hard Case

fx-115MS fx-100MS/570MS/991MS

Turning Power On and Off

Press O to turn on the calculator. Press 1A(OFF) to turn off the calculator.

Auto Power Off

Your calculator will turn off automatically if you do not perform any operation for about 10 minutes. If this happens, press the O key to turn the calculator back on.

Adjusting Display Contrast

1. Press the , key a number of times until you

reach the setup screen shown to the right.

2. Press c.

3. Use d and e to adjust contrast.

4. After the setting is the way you want, press A.

Important: If adjusting display contrast does not improve display readability, it probably means that battery power is low. Replace the battery.

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Reading the Display

The display of the calculator shows expressions you input, calculation results, and various indicators.

Input expression

Indicators

Calculation result

Specifying the Calculation Mode

When you want to perform this type of operation:

General calculations

Complex number calculations

Standard deviation

Regression calculations

Calculations involving specific number systems (binary, octal, decimal, hexadecimal)

Equation solution

Matrix calculations (fx-570MS/991MS only)

Vector calculations (fx-570MS/991MS only)

Note: • The initial default calculation mode is the COMP Mode.

• Mode indicators appear in the upper part of the display, except for

the BASE indicators, which appear in the exponent part of the display.

• Engineering symbols are automatically turned off while the calculator

is the BASE Mode. • You cannot make changes to the angle unit or other display format (Disp) settings while the calculator is in the BASE Mode. • The COMP, CMPLX, SD, and REG Modes can be used in combination with the angle unit settings. • Be sure to check the current calculation mode (SD, REG, COMP, CMPLX) and angle unit setting (Deg, Rad, Gra) before beginning a calculation.

Perform this key operation:

N1(COMP) N2(CMPLX) NN1(SD) NN2(REG)

NN3(BASE)

NNN1(EQN)

NNN2(MAT)

NNN3(VCT)

Configuring the Calculator Setup

Pressing the N key more than three times displays additional setup screens. Underlined ( ___ ) settings are initial defaults.

1Deg 2Rad 3Gra Specifies degrees, radians or grads as the angle unit for value input and calculation result display.

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Note: In this manual, the v symbol next to a sample operation indicates degrees.

1Fix 2Sci 3Norm Specifies the number of digits for display of a calculation result. Fix: The value you specify (from 0 to 9) controls the number of decimal places for displayed calculation results. Calculation results are rounded off to the specified digit before being displayed. Example: 100 ÷ 7 = 14.286 (Fix 3) Sci: The value you specify (from 1 to 10) controls the number of significant digits for displayed calculation results. Calculation results are rounded off to the specified digit before being displayed.

–1

Example: 1 ÷ 7 = 1.4286 × 10

(Sci 5)

Norm: Selecting one of the two available settings ( Norm 1 , Norm

2) determines the range in which results will be displayed in non-

exponential format. Outside the specified range, results are displayed using exponential format.

–2

Norm 1: 10

 | x |, | x |  10

Example: 1 ÷ 200 = 5 × 10

Norm 2: 10

–3

(Norm 1); 0.005 (Norm 2)

–9

 | x |, | x |  10

EngON E ngOFF

a+b i r∠θ

1EngON 2EngOFF Specifies whether engineering symbols are used (EngON) or not used (EngOFF) during value input. The “Eng” indicator is displayed while EngON is selected.

1a+b

rectangular coordinates (

i 2r ∠  (CMPLX Mode/EQN Mode only) Specifies either

a + b i ) or polar coordinates ( r ∠  ) for CMPLX

Mode/EQN Mode solutions. The “r ∠  ” indicator is displayed while polar coordinates (

r ∠  ) are selected.

1ab/c 2d/c Specifies either mixed fraction (ab/c) or improper fraction (d/c) for display of fractions in calculation results.

1Dot 2Comma Specifies whether to display a dot or a comma for the calculation result decimal point. A dot is always displayed during input.

Dot: Period decimal point, comma separator Comma: Comma decimal point, period separator

Initializing Calculation Mode and Setup

To return the calculation mode and setup to the initial defaults shown below, press O1N(CLR)2(Mode)=.

Calculation Mode: COMP Angle Unit: Deg Exponential Display Format: Norm 1, EngOFF Complex Number Display Format: Fraction Display Format: a b/c Decimal Point Character: Dot

a + b i

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Inputting Expressions and Values

4 × sin30 × (30 + 10 × 3) = 120 v

4 *s 30 *( 30 + 10 * 3 )=

Note: • The memory area used for calculation input can hold 79 “steps”. One step is taken up each time you press a number key or

arithmetic operator key ( +, -, *, /). A 1 or S key operation does not take up a step, so inputting 1^( takes up only one step. • Whenever you input the 73rd step of any calculation, the cursor changes from “_” to “ k” to let you know memory is running low.

Calculation Priority Sequence

When the priority of two expressions is the same, the calculation is performed from left to right.

'), for example,

Function with parentheses: Pol (

1st

differentials ( (P ( , Q ( , R ( )

Type A functions: With these functions, the value is

2nd

entered and then the function key is pressed. (

x !, ° ’ ”, m, m

conversions *) (*fx-570MS/991MS only)

3rd

Powers and roots: ^(

4th Fractions

5th

Implied multiplication of π , memory name, or variable name: 2 π , 3

Type B functions: With these functions, the function key is pressed and then the value is entered. ( ',

6th

, sin, cos, tan, sin

−1

cosh

, tanh

Conjg) (*fx-570MS/991MS only)

7th

8th

Implied multiplication of Type B functions: 2 '3, Alog2, etc.

Permutation ( n P r ), combination ( n C r ), complex number polar coordinate symbol ( ∠ )

x , y ), Rec ( r ,  ),

d/dx ), integrations ( ∫ dx ), normal distribution

, x 2 , x

, m2 , n, ' t , °, r , g , engineering symbols, metric

e (natural logarithm base),

e , 5A, π A, etc.

−1

, (−), d, h, b, o, Neg, Not, Det *, Trn *, arg, Abs,

, cos

−1

, tan

−1

, sinh, cosh, tanh, sinh

', log, ln, e x ,

−1

9th Dot product (·) (fx-570MS/991MS only)

10th

Multiplication, division ( × , ÷)

11th Addition, subtraction (+, –)

12th Logical AND (and)

13th Logical OR, XOR, XNOR (or, xor, xnor)

• The negative sign (–) is treated as a Type B function, so particular care is required when the calculation includes a high-priority Type A function, or power or root operations.

Example: (−2)

= 16; −24 = −16

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Making Corrections During Input

• Use d and e to move the cursor to the location you want.

• Press D to delete the number or function at the current cursor position.

• Press !D(INS) to change to an insert cursor t. Inputting something while the insert cursor is on the display inserts the input at the insert cursor position.

• Pressing !D(INS), or = returns to the normal cursor from the insert cursor.

Basic Calculations

Fraction Calculations

Note: • Mixing fractions and decimal values in a calculation will cause

the result to be displayed as a decimal value. • Fractions in calculation results are displayed after being reduced to their lowest terms.

To switch a calculation result between improper fraction and mixed fraction format: Press 1v(d/c).

To switch a calculation result between fraction and decimal format: Press v.

2 + 1 3 2 6

4 − 3

1 = 1 2 2

= 1

2 v 3 + 1 v 2 = 1 {1 {6.

4 - 3 v 1 v 2 =

1 {2.

Percent Calculations

150 × 20% = 30 150 * 20 1=(%) 30.

Calculate what percentage of 880 is 660. (75%) 660 / 880 1=(%)

75.

Increase 2500 by 15%. (2875) 2500 * 15 1=(%) +

Discount 3500 by 25%. (2625) 3500 * 25 1=(%) -

Discount the sum of 168, 98, and 734 by 20%. (800) 168 + 98 + 734 =K1~(STO) -(A)

S-(A) * * 20 1=(%) - * As shown here, if you want to use the current Ans (answer) memory

value in a mark up or discount calculation, you need to assign the Ans memory value into a variable and then use the variable in the mark up/discount calculation.

2875.

2625.

800.

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300 grams are added to a test sample originally weighing

500 grams, producing a final test sample of 800 grams. What percent of 500 grams is 800 grams? (160%)

300 + 500 1=(%)

What is the percentage change when a value is increased from

40 to 46? (15%)

46 - 40 1=(%)

160.

15.

Degree, Minute, Second (Sexagesimal) Calculations

The following is the input format for a sexagesimal value: {degrees} $ {minutes} $ {seconds} $.

Note: You must always input something for the degrees and minutes, even if they are zero.

2°20´30˝ + 39´30˝ = 3°00´00˝ 2 $ 20 $ 30 $+ 0 $ 39 $ 30 $=

Convert 2°15´18˝ to its decimal equivalent. 2 $ 15 $ 18 $=

3°0°0.

2°15°18.

(Converts sexagesimal to decimal.) $ 2.255 (Converts decimal to sexagesimal.) 1$( ← ) 2°15°18.

Multi-Statements

You can use the colon character (:) to connect two or more expressions and execute them in sequence from left to right when you press =.

3 + 3 : 3 × 3 3 + 3 Sf(:) 3 * 3 = 6. = 9.

Disp

Using Engineering Notation

A simple key operation transforms a displayed value to engineering notation.

Transform the value 1234 to engineering notation, shifting the decimal point to the right.

1234 = W 1.234×10 W 1234.×10

1234.

Inputting Engineering Symbols

The following are the nine symbols that can be used when engineering symbols are turned on.

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To input this symbol: Perform this key operation: Unit

k (kilo)

M (Mega)

G (Giga)

T (Tera)

m (milli)

1g(k)

1h(M)

1i(G)

1j(T)

1f(m)

 (micro) 1e(  )

n (nano)

p (pico)

f (femto)

1d(n)

1c(p)

1b(f)

100 m (milli) × 5  (micro) = 500 n (nano)

−3

−6

−9

−12

−15

N 100 1f(m) * 5 1e(μ) =

b(Disp) b(EngON)

500.

Eng

9 ÷ 10 = 0.9 m (milli) N 9 / 10 =

When engineering symbols are turned on, even standard (non-engineering)

b(Disp) b(EngON)

calculation results are displayed using engineering symbols.

900.

Eng

1W( ← ) 0.9

900.

Eng

Note: • For displayed values, the calculator selects the engineering symbol that makes the numeric part of the value fall within the range of 1 to 1000. • Engineering symbols cannot be used when inputting fractions.

Calculation History

In the COMP, CMPLX, or BASE Mode, the calculator remembers up to approximately 150 bytes of data for the newest calculation. You can scroll through calculation history contents using f and c.

1 + 1 = 2 1 + 1 = 2.

2 + 2 = 4 2 + 2 = 4.

3 + 3 = 6 3 + 3 = 6. (Scrolls back.) f 4. (Scrolls back again.) f 2.

A calculation stored in calculation history can be displayed as a multi-statement. For information about what you can do with multistatements, see “Multi-Statements”.

E-9

After performing the calculations 1+1, 2+2, 3+3, 4+4, 5+5, and

6+6, the multi-statement will show 4+4:5+5:6+6.

1 + 1 = 2 + 2 = 3 + 3 = 4 + 4 = 5 + 5 = 6 + 6 =

6+6

4+48.4+4

12.

1f(COPY)

4+4 : 5+5 : 6+6

4+4

Disp

Note: Calculation history data is all cleared whenever you press O, when you change to a different calculation mode, or whenever you initialize modes and settings.

Replay

While a calculation result is on the display, you can press d or e to edit the expression you used for the previous calculation.

4 × 3 + 2.5 = 14.5 4 * 3 + 2.5 = 14.5

4 × 3 − 7.1 = 4.9

(Continuing) dYYYY- 7.1 = 4.9

Answer Memory (Ans)

The last calculation result obtained is stored in Ans (answer) memory. Ans memory contents are updated whenever a new calculation result

is displayed. In addition to =, Ans memory contents are also updated with result whenever you press 1=(%), l, 1l(M−), or 1~(STO) followed by a letter (A through F, or M, X, or Y).

To divide the result of 3 × 4 by 30 3 * 4 =

(Continuing) / 30 =

123 + 456 = 579

789 – 579 = 210 (Continuing) 789 -G= 210.

123 + 456 =

12.

579.

Variables (A, B, C, D, E, F, X, Y)

Your calculator has eight preset variables named A, B, C, D, E, F, X, and Y.

To assign the result of 3 + 5 to variable A 3 + 5 1t(STO) y(A)

E-10

To multiply the contents of variable A by 10

(Continuing) Sy(A) * 10 =

80.

To recall the contents of variable A (Continuing) ty(A)

To clear the contents of variable A 0 1t(STO) y(A)

Independent Memory (M)

You can add calculation results to or subtract results from independent memory. The “M” appears on the display when there is any value other than zero stored in independent memory.

To clear the contents of M 0 1t(STO) l(M) 0.

To add the result of 10 × 5 to M (Continuing) 10 * 5 l 50.

To subtract the result of 10 + 5 from M (Continuing) 10 + 5 1l(M–)

15.

To recall the contents of M

(Continuing) tl(M) 35.

Note: Variable M is used for independent memory.

Clearing the Contents of All Memories

Independent memory and variable contents are retained even if you press A, change the calculation mode, or turn off the calculator. Perform the following procedure when you want to clear the contents of all memories.

p!,(CLR) 1(Mcl) =

Function Calculations

: π is displayed as 3.141592654, but π = 3.14159265358980 is used

for internal calculations.

e : e is displayed as 2.718281828, but e = 2.71828182845904 is used

for internal calculations.

−1

sin, cos, tan, sin

, cos

the angle unit before performing calculations. See

sinh, cosh, tanh, sinh

angle unit setting does not affect calculations. See

°,

: These functions specify the angle unit. ° specifies degrees,

radians, and g grads. Input a function from the menu that appears

−1

, tan

−1

, cosh

−1

: Trigonometric functions. Specify

−1

, tanh

−1

: Hyperbolic functions. The

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