This manual describes the CANNON Thermoelectric Bending Beam Rheometer and the procedures
for obtaining test data. The Bending Beam Rheometer is used to make rapid determinations of the
flexural-creep stiffness of asphalt binders over a temperature range of 0 °C to -36 °C.
The user of this manual and instrument should have some experience in the handling and testing of
asphalt binders and should be familiar with the operation of the Windows® operating system.
Procedural Overview
A small beam of asphalt is prepared and placed horizontally on two supports which are submerged
in a cold alcohol solution. A load is applied at the center of the beam and the deflection of the beam
is recorded over a time span of four minutes. From this data, the stiffness modulus and the log slope
of the creep curve at test temperature are calculated.
Figure 1: Thermoelectric Bending Beam Rheometer
Page 13
2
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
Control Unit
The Control Unit is the base for the Bending Beam Rheometer. It contains the electronic
components required to condition the signals from the Linear Variable Differential Transducer
(LVDT), load cell, and temperature probe, and to communicate with the host computer via the serial
port. Also included in the Control Unit are the relays, switches, and solenoid valves that control the
introduction of pressurized gas to the chamber below the air bearing. The Control Unit contains
pressure regulators and gages for operation of the pneumatic system. The low temperature bath is
also an integral part of the Control Unit and is surrounded by thermoelectric modules to permit solid
state cooling. Refer to Figure 2.
Figure 2: Front of Control Unit
Load Frame
The Load Frame rests on top of the Control Unit. The lower section is immersed in the alcohol bath.
The Load Frame consists of a frame with the LVDT at the uppermost section, a shaft with an
attached platform for holding weights, an air bearing through which the shaft passes, a load cell
integral with the shaft below the bearing, and at the lower end is the support for the beam. The
frame also contains several filters for the compressed gas and an illumination system to assist the
operator in the placement of the beams on the supports.
An air chamber directly below the air bearing provides a force that counterbalances much of the
load that would be applied to the specimen from the weight of the shaft. The pressure in the air
chamber, or cylinder, can be adjusted - any desired load can be applied to the specimen, up to the
maximum or the full weight of the shaft. Refer to Figure 3.
Page 14
CANNON Instrument Company | Introduction
3
Figure 3: Front of Load Frame
Manual Operation
The Load Frame can be operated both manually (LOCAL) and automatically (REMOTE) as shown in
Figure 4.
Figure 4: Front of Control Unit with Local and Remote Mode
The normal test procedure involves elements of both. Manual operation is used to adjust the
position of the loading shaft to bring it into contact with the asphalt beam and adjust the load to be
applied to the beam.
Automatic Operation
Automatic operation is controlled via the computer. The computer sends signals to the electronics
system to trigger a solenoid valve which regulates the flow of pressurized air (or gas). This adjusts
the net load applied to the asphalt beam. Refer to Figure 4.
Air/Water Heat Exchanger
The Air/Water Heat Exchanger consists of a radiator, fan(s), and a water pump to circulate and cool
a mixture of water and ethylene glycol flowing through the hot side heat sinks surrounding the bath
in the Control Unit. Circulation of the mixture removes heat from the Control Unit bath.
Page 15
4
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
Specimen Molds
Each mold set consists of five rectangular metal sections, three plastic strips, and two rubber Orings. Since tests are generally performed in duplicate, two complete specimen molds are required
for each test.
Air/Nitrogen Requirements
The air bearing, and the pneumatic load chamber immediately below it, require a source of clean,
dry, nonflammable gas. Compressed air is preferable if it is readily available and is clean and dry.
Other acceptable gasses include nitrogen and carbon dioxide. A small compressor can be used to
provide air at a suitable rate and pressure to satisfy the requirements for operation of this
equipment.
Some users prefer to use cylinders of compressed gas such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide. Consult
the Specifications section for air pressure and volume requirements, which vary depending on the
date of manufacture for your instrument.
Computer Interface
The data acquisition system includes a personal computer, printer, and the BBRw software program
for Windows®. An RS-232C cable is provided to connect the TE-BBR to a computer.
The TE-BBR has its own microprocessor and communicates with the host computer via the RS-232C
serial connection to the computer COM port, or through USB with a connector.
Test data, including deflection of the asphalt beam, load on the beam, and temperature, are
acquired by the instrument. The instrument then transmits the data to the host computer. The TEBBR also receives commands from the host computer via the RS-232C connection in order to control
timing of the application of loads and enable the temperature control system. Testing and data
acquisition control parameters are selected via the software interface.
Contact CANNON for specifications of software version and instrument type.
Page 16
CANNON Instrument Company | Safety Precautions
5
Safety Precautions
Notes/Cautions/Warnings
Please keep this manual near your system to easily access to the necessary information while
operating or preparing for measurement.
Notes, caution, and warnings are used in the manual to call an operator’s attention to important
details prior to performing a procedure or step. Read and follow these important instructions.
Failure to observe these instructions may void warranties, compromise operator safety, and/or
result in damage to the TE-BBR.
Notes provide more information about the content that follows.
Cautions alert the operator to conditions that may damage equipment.
Warnings alert the operator to conditions that may cause injury.
It is prohibited to copy or reproduce in part or in whole this manual without authorization by
copyright.
If you should find any part in this manual not clear to understand or missing article, contact your
local dealer or sales representative.
Manufacturer is not liable for any loss or damage directly or indirectly caused by use of the
instrument or its consequences.
This manual pertains directly to the TE-BBR. For details relating to other accessories or equipment
please refer to the appropriate manufacturers supplied documentation.
Safety Precautions
Always observe these signs and instructions. You must observe cautionary messages and warnings in
order to protect yourself as well as prevent others from physical injury or property damages.
Page 17
6
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
~MAINS
(O)
• Only qualified personnel should operate the TE-BBR.
• Make sure that you read and understand all operating instructions and safety precautions
listed in this manual before installing or operating your unit. If you have questions regarding
instrument operation or documentation, contact Cannon Instrument Company.
• Do not deviate from the installation, operation, or maintenance procedures described in this
manual. Improper use of the TE-BBR may result in a hazardous situation and may void the
manufacturer’s warranty.
• Handle and transport the unit with care. Sudden jolts or impacts may cause damage to
components.
• Always remove liquid from the bath before moving the unit.
• Observe all warning labels. Never remove warning labels.
• Never operate damaged or leaking equipment.
• Unless procedures specify otherwise, always turn off the unit and disconnect the mains cable
from the power source before performing service or maintenance procedures, or before
moving the unit.
• Refer all service and repairs to qualified personnel.
Warning: Hot surface cautions may be attached on or near hot surfaces
of the TE-BBR. Avoid touching hot surfaces, particularly when operating
the instrument at bath temperatures exceeding 50 °C.
~MAINS
(O)
The
power input must match the electrical specifications of the instrument.
Never operate the equipment with a damaged MAINS AC power cable.
Use only the manufacturer-supplied MAINS AC power cable. This cable must be
inserted into a receptacle with a protective earth ground.
The
unit.
symbol indicates the connections for the AC power supply. The AC
symbol indicates the OFF position for the electrical switches for your
Low temperature flexural creep testing of asphalt binders
Dimensions
Control Unit: 73.7 cm × 70.1 cm × 55.9 cm
connection and air flow allowance
Weight
Control Unit: 49.9 kg (110 lb)
Air/Water Heat Exchanger: 68 kg (150 lb)
Maximum Throughput
6 results per hour
Sample Capacity
1
Flexural Creep Stiffness
Range
20 mPa to 1 GPa
Sample Supports
Specimen support strips 3 mm ± 0.30 mm in top radius
Bath Volume
5 L (1.33 gal)
Temperature Range
ambient to -40 °C (± 0.03 °C stability; ± 0.01 °C resolution)
Sample Dimensions
12.7 mm x 6.35 mm x 127 mm (o.5 in x 0.25 in x 5 in)
Data Output
RS 232
Table 1: CANNON TE-BBR Specifications
(W × D × H)
(29 in × 28 in × 22 in)
Load Frame: 58.4 cm × 48.3 cm × 68.6 cm
(23 in × 19 in × 27 in)
Air/Water Heat Exchanger: 49.5 cm × 40.6 cm × 48.3 cm
(19.5 in × 16 in × 19 in)
*add 15 cm ( 6 in) to front and rear dimensions for
Load Frame: 15.9 kg (35 lb)
Page 19
8
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
Specifications
Details
Operating Conditions
15 °C to 30 °C, 10% to 75% relative humidity (noncondensing), Installation Category II, Pollution Degree 2
CE Mark: EMC Directive (2004/108/EC); Low Voltage
Directive (2006/95/EC); HI-POT (1900 VDC, 60 sec.); ROHS
Table 1: CANNON TE-BBR Specifications
Page 20
CANNON Instrument Company | Ordering Information
9
Ordering Information
Description
Part Number
100 VAC, 50/60 Hz
9728-V31
120 VAC, 50/60 Hz
9728-V30
240 VAC, 50/60 Hz
9728-V35
Description
Part Number
BBR precision calibration kit (D6648 update): rugged carrying case
beam and NIST-traceable calibration certificates
9728-V63
Complete BBR precision calibration kit: rugged carrying case containing
calibration certificates.
9728-V60
Silicone rubber mold for BBR; simplifies the procedure for making
asphalt beams
9728-V40
Aluminum mold for BBR: standard mold kit
44.6200
Aluminum molds (6) for BBR: standard mold kit
44.6205
The CANNON TE-BBR Thermoelectric Bending Beam Rheometer consists of the bending beam
rheometer with load frame, air/water heat exchanger, a complete precision calibration kit, a set of
six aluminum molds with Mylar separators and data storage/management software. Computer sold
separately. Refer to Table 2 and Table 3 for assistance ordering desired components.
Table 2: TE-BBR Part numbers
Table 3: TE-BBR Accessories and Consumables
containing a high precision gage block, precision-cut stainless steel thin
a high precision gage block, precision cut stainless steel thin beam, ¼”
compliance beam, four 100 gram weights and NIST-traceable
Page 21
10
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
Description
Part Number
Crack seal kit: includes a set of 5 modified beam supports, thin and
thick beam (for calibration), installation hardware and documentation
P44.0675
Crack seal mold for BBR
44.6262
Crack seal molds (6) for BBR
44.6263
Plastic Strip (set of 12) for aluminum molds
44.6250
O-Ring for aluminum molds
44.6235
Table 3: TE-BBR Accessories and Consumables
Page 22
CANNON Instrument Company | Unpack and Install the TE-BBR
11
Unpack and Install the TE-BBR
Caution: Some components, including the Control Unit and the Air/Water Heat
Exchanger, are quite heavy. Avoid injury by obtaining assistance when lifting and
moving the instrument and its components.
The TE-BBR is a sensitive device. Take care when handling and using the
instrument to avoid accidental damage to a high precision component.
Check the shipping container(s) for external damage before opening and carefully inspect the
contents after opening for evidence of damage.
Report any damage to the shipper and to Cannon Instrument Company immediately.
Take special care when unpacking the Load Frame. Foam blocks and other restraints have been used
to prevent damage to the measurement system. These must be removed with care to prevent
undue stress on these components.
CANNON advises users to retain the packing material and original shipping container for the Load
Frame in the event that it is necessary to return the Load Unit to Cannon
service.
Instrument Company for
Ensure that all of the contents of each container are retained. All auxiliary items shipped with the TEBBR are labeled. When all containers have been opened, compare the contents with the packing slip
to ensure that there are no missing items.
Page 23
12
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
System Components Arrangement
Control Unit
Locate the Control Unit and tilt it first to one side and then the other, extending the leveling legs as
you do so by turning them counter-clockwise. Refer to Figure 5. All four leveling legs should be
extended far enough to prevent the stirring motor shield at the very bottom of the unit from
contacting the surface of the supporting table/bench when the unit is upright. If this shield is
damaged, the stirring motor may be forced against the bottom of the tank, preventing rotation.
After extending the legs, set the Control Unit on a flat, level tabletop which has access to the floor
from the rear of the unit.
Figure 5: Levelling Legs
Stirring Bar Protection Sheet
Place the stirring bar protection sheet in the bottom of the bath.
Stirring Bar
Place the cross-shaped stirring bar on the stainless steel plate in the center of the bath. Place the
stirring bar cover grid over the bar and make sure that the grid does not impede rotation of the
stirring bar. When the bath is functioning, the speed of the stirring bar is controlled magnetically
using the speed control dial on the left rear panel (as viewed from the rear) of the Control Unit. Refer
to Figure 6.
Page 24
CANNON Instrument Company | System Components Arrangement
13
Figure 6: Stirring Bar
Load Frame
Place the Load Frame into the bath of the Control Unit by lowering the Load Frame through the
larger opening in the stainless steel plate until the horizontal support member rests on the upper
surface of the Control Unit. Slide the Load Frame toward the rear of the Control Unit into the
smaller rectangular opening. When this unit is back as far as it will go, the metal cover for the
forward rectangular aperture should fit easily in the remaining space.
Level the Instrument
After the Load Frame is in the bath, place the small bubble level on the Load Frame platform to the
left of the shaft (this is where the gage block is normally placed). Adjust the four leveling legs on the
Control Unit until the bubble level indicates that the unit is level. Refer to Figure 7.
Figure 7: Bubble Level for Load Frame
Computer
Locate the computer adjacent to the control unit to expedite convenient serial connections.
Page 25
14
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
Note: If a compressor has been purchased to supply compressed gas, place it on
Exchanger/Refrigeration
Place the Refrigeration Unit (BBR model) or Air/Water Heat Exchanger (TE-BBR model) on the floor
below the Control Unit. Do not place the unit on the same table as the Control Unit as the fan/motor
vibration can interfere with the sensitive measuring system of the Load Unit. Also, it is necessary to
provide 15 cm (6") of clearance on all sides of the unit for sufficient air circulation. Clearance
requirements for refrigeration units may vary depending on the model.
the floor or at a location removed from the test apparatus to prevent the
compressor vibration from interfering with the Load Frame measurements.
Page 26
CANNON Instrument Company | Electrical Connections
15
Electrical Connections
Load/Control Unit Connections
There are four color-coded electrical receptacles on the rear panel of the Load Frame. Using the
cables supplied, connect the Load Frame receptacles to those of corresponding color on the rear
panel of the Control Unit. Refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9.
Figure 8: Electrical Connections – Load Frame Figure 9: Electrical Connections – Control Unit
Control Unit – Heat Exchanger Connections
Make certain the power switch on the TE-BBR is in the OFF (O) position. Then connect the two large
power cables between the air/water heat exchanger and the rear panel of the Control Unit. Refer to
Figure 10. The connections are keyed and will only fit one way. Insert the MAINS power cord into
the MAINS outlet on the Air/Water Heat Exchanger and plug the other end into a suitable receptacle
matching the electrical specifications on the rear of the unit.
Figure 10: Air/Water Heat Exchanger Power Connections
Page 27
16
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
Serial Connections
Connect the RS-232 cable between the TE-BBR Control Unit rear panel DB-25 connector and COM
port on the host computer as shown in Figure 11.
Figure 11: TE-BBR Serial Connections
Tubing Connections
Dry Air/Nitrogen Connections
CANNON recommends the use of dry air as the most effective compressed gas supply. An air dryer
should be installed on your line as close to the instrument as possible to prevent condensation and
corrosion.
To complete compressed gas connections, attach the gas supply to the Air Input on the Control Unit
with the longer of the ¼ inch OD plastic tubes. Connect the shorter lengths of ¼ inch OD plastic
tubing between the fittings on the rear of the Control Unit (CU) and the connections at the rear of
the Load Frame. The Bearing Out connection should be linked to the Bearing In connection on the
Load Frame. The Cylinder Out connection (CU) should be linked to the Cylinder In connection on the
Load Frame. Refer to Figure 12.
Figure 12: Dry Air/Nitrogen Connections – Control Unit
Page 28
CANNON Instrument Company | Electrical Connections
17
Air/Water Heat Exchanger Connections
Note: Use tubing clamps to secure all hoses.
Connect one end of each of the two silicone tubes to the Control Unit by sliding them onto each of
the (IN/OUT) fittings at the rear of the Control Unit. Then connect the opposite end of each tube to
the rear of the air/ water heat exchanger by plugging directly onto the fittings on the exchanger rear
panel.
Connect the tube from the IN fitting of the Control Unit to the COOLANT OUT connection on the
Air/Water Heat Exchanger. Connect the tube from the OUT fitting on the Control Unit to the
COOLANT IN connection on the Air/Water Heat Exchanger.
Page 29
18
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
Software Installation
For peak performance, the recommended computer hardware components are:
• Pentium or better processor
• 32 MB RAM
• 500 MB or larger hard drive
• Video card and monitor capable of 256 color display at 800 x 600 pixels or better
Software requires Windows® XP® or later.
The program is written to display real-time plotting of load and deflection during the test, to
perform calculations of stiffness values and the log slope of the creep curve at selected loading
times, and to display the results and test parameters at the end of each test.
The installation program will copy the BBRw executable file and other necessary files to the directory
specified by the operator.
To verify correct installation of the BBRw software, follow the procedure below and the Windows®
process to install and start the BBRw program.
Installation Procedure
1. Turn on your computer and place the installation disk in your CD disc drive.
2. Follow the Windows
Contact Service at CANNON with any VISCPRO installation issues.
prompts to complete the installation.
Page 30
CANNON Instrument Company | TE-BBR System Preparation & Maintenance
19
TE-BBR System Preparation & Maintenance
Caution: Replace water/anitfreeze mixture annually to ensure reliable
Reservoir
Note:Complete the TE-BBR assembly before beginning procedures in this
section.
Fill the Air/Water Heat Exchanger
Obtain a supply of quality ethylene glycol (automotive antifreeze) and mix it with water in a ratio of
30 percent ethylene glycol to 70 percent water. After the Exchanger tubing connections are secured
(see section Tubing Connections), pour the mixture into the reservoir opening on the top of the
Air/Water Heat Exchanger until it is full (approximately 1-2 liters). Refer to Figure 13.
Figure 13: Air/Water Heat Exchanger Reservoir
performance and prevention of corrosion of internal components. Ethylene
glycol is a toxic substance. Use proper safety measures when handling. Follow
Do not use "environmentally friendly” alternatives to ethylene glycol (such as polyethylene glycol) in
the heat exchanger. Such products can coagulate under colder conditions and damage the TE-BBR
circulation system.
appropriate (M)SDS procedures.
Page 31
20
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
Caution:Methyl alcohol is a flammable and toxic liquid. Use care when handling
After the instrument is turned on it is necessary to add additional ethylene glycol/water mixture to
the Exchanger when the unit commences operation. You will be able to observe the liquid
circulating through the tubing. If air bubbles are consistently visible in the coolant lines, add
additional mixture until the Exchanger reservoir is full.
Before turning on the power switch, make sure that the cross-shaped magnetic stirring bar
(supplied) is placed in the center of the bath section of the Control Unit. The circulator guard should
be placed over the stirring bar, and the speed adjustment knob, located on the right rear panel
(front view), should initially be turned counter-clockwise to its lowest setting.
Turn the power switch (located at the rear of the Control Unit) to the ON position, and continue to
add additional water/ethylene glycol mixture to the reservoir until it reaches the previous level. You
will be able to observe the liquid circulating inside the reservoir from the opening at the top.
Turn the power switch to the OFF position.
Prepare the Temperature Bath
Select a Bath Liquid
The ideal bath liquid has a low viscosity, high heat capacity, and low vapor pressure over a wide
range of temperatures. This liquid also has a very high flash point and is relatively inexpensive.
Methyl alcohol (methanol) is very close to the ideal liquid; it can be used at all temperatures in the
TE-BBR’s operating range. However, methanol may not be suitable for some laboratories because of
its low flash point and degree of toxicity.
Ethyl alcohol is less toxic than methyl alcohol and somewhat less volatile. A commercially-available
grain alcohol (such as Everclear®) may be used down to -40 °C. Alternative low-temperature liquids
are available.
and keep away from open flame or sparks. Do not add bath liquid while TE-BBR
power is ON.
Fill the Bath with Liquid
After selecting a suitable bath liquid, fill the bath to the fill line (approximately 5 liters).
Caution:Do not overfill the Bath as this will result in damage to the Load Cell.
Page 32
CANNON Instrument Company | TE-BBR System Preparation & Maintenance
21
Check Bath Components
Check the function of bath components as follows:
Stirring Bar Speed
1. Make sure that the cross-shaped magnetic stirring bar (supplied) is placed in the center of the
bath section of the Control Unit. With the circulator guard in place over the stirrer, turn the
speed adjustment knob, located on the right rear panel, fully counter-clockwise to its lowest
setting.
2. Turn the Control Unit power switch ON. The TE-BBR power switch is located on the right rear
corner of the Control Unit.
3. Slowly turn the motor stirrer speed adjustment knob (next to the power switch) clockwise to
increase the speed of the stirring bar to the desired level.
Note: Excessive stirring speeds may cause the magnetic stirring bar to lose its
attraction and spin out.
LED Checks
There are three LED (Light-Emitting Diode) indicators on the front panel of the Thermoelectric
Bending Beam Rheometer. These provide a visual check for the status of the thermoelectric
temperature control system.
• The yellow LED, which should be lit whenever the power switch is on, indicates DC POWER.
When this LED is lit, MAINS power is available and no elements of the thermoelectric system are
over temperature.
• The green LED labelled COOLING indicates that coolant is circulating between the Control
Unit and the Refrigeration Unit. A steady green LED indicates cooling. A flashing green LED
indicates that the system is controlling at the test temperature specified in the SETUP menu.
• The red LED labelled HEATING is illuminated or flashing red when the bath heaters have been
energized.
Note:Temperature control must be software-enabled from the SETUP menu
before the TE-BBR will begin heating or cooling.
Page 33
22
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
Check the Control Unit
The default settings for front panel indicators are LOCAL and ZERO. Check for these initial settings,
which should be maintained or restored prior to activating the air bearing compressed gas supply.
When power is turned ON, the red indicator LEDs for the small push-button switches on the left
panel should be on.
Note:If either switch has the green LED illuminated when power is initially
applied, there may be a problem.
Toggle the upper LOCAL/REMOTE switch on the front panel to the REMOTE (green) mode, and then
back to LOCAL (red) mode. Do the same for the ZERO/LOAD switch located directly below the
LOCAL/ REMOTE switch. An audible click of a solenoid valve should be noticed each time this switch
is pressed.
The ZERO/LOAD switch only functions when the LOCAL/REMOTE switch is in the LOCAL mode.
Control Unit Operation Checklist
1. Make sure that there are no beams on the supports and that the front panel indicators are set to
the LOCAL and ZERO modes.
2. Turn on the compressor or the valve on the compressed gas supply.
3. Using the dials on the Control Unit front panel, adjust the LINE pressure to 40 psi, and the
BEARING pressure to 25 psi. Turning the dials clockwise increases the pressure; counter-clockwise
reduces the pressure. Make certain that the LINE (supply) pressure is always set higher than the
bearing pressure to ensure adequate regulation from the bearing pressure regulator.
4. Place the LOAD switch in the ZERO mode. Adjust the ZERO pressure regulator to obtain a free-
floating condition for the shaft. Turn the dial counter-clockwise to lower the shaft, clockwise to
raise the shaft.
5. Return the ZERO/LOAD switch to LOAD.
6. Turn the LOAD pressure regulator until the shaft is again in free-float condition.
Note:Because each unit may differ in bearing characteristics, there is a sticker
attached to the gauge with the pressure settings.
Page 34
CANNON Instrument Company | Initial Software Settings
23
Initial Software Settings
Before running TE-BBR tests, setup information must be entered.
1. Turn on computer and load the BBRw software.
2. Select Instrument Setup from the BBRw menu options. Refer to Figure 16.
Figure 14: Instrument Setup
3.Set the COM port:
a. Click on Portfrom the tab options on the Instrument Setupmenu.
b. Click on (down arrow) from the Serial Port page to display the port selection options.
c. Click on the Serial Port setting which corresponds with the port for the RS-232 cable
connection between the BBR and your PC.
4. Input equipment data, including thermistor calibration constants:
a. Click on Equipment from the tab options on the Instrument Setup property sheet.
b. Input an alphanumeric identifier for your BBR instrument (up to 30 characters in length) in
the Apparatus ID field.
c. Input the thermistor probe values (constants) for S/N, A0, A1 and A2 from the calibration
certificate shipped with the probe. Use the tab key or mouse to select the appropriate fields
for data entry. Make sure to include negative signs (-) and decimal points as indicated on the
calibration certificate.
Note:Once set, the thermistor constants should only be changed if replacing the
thermistor.
Page 35
24
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
5. Choose a default data path:
a. Click on Archive from the tab options on the Instrument Setup property sheet. The current
archive directory is displayed.
b. Click on Browse to select an alternate directory.
c. Click on the desired directory from the Windows directory dialog.
6. Change default settings for gage block depth:
a. Click on Gage Block from the tab options on the Instrument Setup menu.
b. Input the gage block height, as measured from the bottom of the block, at each level
(default settings are 16 mm for the top level, 15 mm for the Red level, 13 mm for the White
level and 10 mm for the Blue level).
7. Change the default settings for the steel beam dimensions:
a. Click on Instrument Setup from the Setup menu and select Beam Dimensions.
b. Measure the steel beams and input each measured value (up to two decimal places) into the
appropriate field. (These measurements are provided with the beams sent with the
instrument.)
c. Click OK.
8. Change the default settings for the confidence test tolerance (optional):
a. Click on Confidence Test from the tab options on the
b. Input the values for minimum and maximum acceptable limits for measurement of the
modulus of elasticity. Default values are 183 GPa for the minimum modulus value, and 223
GPa for the maximum modulus value (203 GPa ± 10 percent).
9. Add the rest of the default values for the X (horizontal) and Y (vertical) axis of the line graph
created from the BBR test data:
a. Click on Graphs from the tab options on the Instrument Setup menu.
b. Input the values for deflection per graph division (the default is 1 mm) and force per graph
division (the default is 1000 mN).
c. If desired, click on the Autoscaling option. When checked, the BBRw software will
automatically select graph scale values for effective display of test data.
Instrument Setup menu.
Page 36
CANNON Instrument Company | Initial Software Settings
25
Note: To enhance the readability of graph data when the Autoscaling option is
Note: Temperature Control is disabled when the BBR is turned off. If the
not used, set the numbers so that the highest graph value is slightly above the
maximum anticipated values for the test.
10. Set Bath Temperature:
a. Click on Bath from the tab options on the Instrument Setup menu.
b. Enter the desired temperature (between +25 °C and -40 °C).
Enable Temperature Control
The TE-BBR will not control temperature unless the Enable Temperature Control option is turned
on. When temperature control is enabled, the Enable option on the Setup menu will have a check
mark in front of it.
To enable temperature control, select Setup from the Main Menu and click on Enable
Temperature Control.
software application is exited but the BBR remains on, the Enable Temperature
Control option will retain its previous setting when the BBR is restarted.
Disable Temperature Control
To disable temperature control, repeat the process used to enable temperature control (see above).
When you click on Enable Temperature Control, the check mark is removed to indicate that
temperature control is no longer enabled.
Page 37
26
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
Calibration
To provide accurate readings from the thermistor probe, it is necessary to calibrate the probe
periodically with a calibrated thermometer.
Thermistor Probe Calibration Procedure
1. Load the BBRw software and select Calibrate> Thermistor from the BBRw Main Menu or use
the Thermometer icon.
2. Enter the current temperature of the bath to the nearest 0.01 °C as indicated by a separate
calibrated thermometer and click OK.
LVDT and Load Cell Calibration
It is vital to calibrate the LVDT (Linear Variable Differential Transducer) and Load Cell in order to
expect accurate readings for the output.
1. Select Calibrate from the BBRw Main Menu.
2. Select Force, Deflection and Compliance from the calibration options.
3. Follow the on-screen prompts to complete calibration.
A cylindrical metal gage block is provided for the LVDT calibration. Refer to Figure 17. This block is
placed to the left of the load platform on the small pin provided so the block can be rotated easily. A
6.35 mm (¼") thick stainless steel beam and four 100 gram weights are supplied for the calibration.
At the end of the calibration run, remove the weights from the load platform, and the 6.35 mm (¼")
steel beam from the bath.
Page 38
CANNON Instrument Company | Calibration
27
Figure 15: Load Unit Calibration
Compliance
During BBR load cell calibration, the data obtained is used to automatically generate a correction
factor for the LVDT measurement. This factor is defined as device compliance, and is displayed by
the BBR software at the conclusion of the calibration. The correction factor compensates for slight
changes in the reading of the LVDT which are not a function of the beam deflection. A slight but
significant part of the deflection reading is due to compression of the load cell itself. By making a
correction to the deflection reading with each load, a more accurate measurement of the actual
deflection of the sample is obtained. The value for this correction has been found to be between
two and nine µm/N, depending on the physical characteristics of the load cell, and should be stable
within 1.5 µm/N.
Run the Confidence Test
While not a part of the calibration procedure, a measurement of the stiffness modulus of a thin steel
beam is made to confirm the calibration.
The confidence test should be performed immediately prior to BBR asphalt binder testing and after
the instrument has reached the desired test temperature. A good confidence test result (yielding
results in GPa of ±10 percent of the value on the certificate) will provide greater assurance of
accurate results with subsequent testing.
To run the confidence test, select Run a Confidence Test from the Calibrate menu. Follow the
screen prompts to complete the test. A thin (approximately 1.20 mm) steel beam is needed, as well
as two to four 100-gram weights, depending on the laboratory calibration protocol.
If the test fails repeatedly, recalibrate the instrument and rerun the confidence test.
Page 39
28
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
Verify Calibration
To verify that the instrument is providing accurate data for force and deflection complete the
procedure outlined in this section.
1. With the instrument in Local and Zero modes, place the gage block in the load frame with the
shaft on the top level of the block.
2. Read the deflection from the computer screen and verify that the value agrees with the
certificate of calibration for the gage block (∆RED) ± TOL.
3. Repeat the previous two steps for the red, white and blue levels.
4. Place the shaft on the red level of the gage block and read the force. The value should be
0.00 ± 10 mN.
5. Remove the gage block from the Load Frame.
6. Adjust the Zero regulator until the shaft is floating freely at the approximate midpoint
in its vertical travel.
7. Gently add a weight of 2 grams to the load platform and verify that the shaft drops slowly
downward under the weight. Refer to Figure 18.
Figure 16: Placing Weight with Forceps
8. Remove the weight and place the quarter inch beam on the beam supports in the bath.
9. Verify that the instrument is in the Zero mode and adjust the Zero regulator until the shaft is
touching the beam with a force of 20 mN ± 10 mN.
10. Add one 2-gram weight (± 0.2 g) to the load platform.
11. Verify that the force increases by 20 mN ± TOL.
12. Add a second 2-gram weight (± 0.2 g) to the load platform.
Page 40
CANNON Instrument Company | Calibration
29
Note:TOL(erance) values may vary depending on the reference method for
your laboratory. AASHTO T-313 specifies ± 0.005 mm for deflection and ± 5 mN
for force.
If the TE-BBR is not performing within the specifications prescribed by your
method, repeat the calibration. If verification problems persist, contact your
CANNON representative.
Erratic Readings Error Message
The error message Erratic readings have been received indicates that new calibration
measurements differ significantly from previous results.
1. Verify correct calibration setup: Zero pressure, amount of weight, and position of block. If
incorrect, adjust and run calibration again.
2. If setup is correct, click the ignore button and continue. Calibration results must be within .14
mN/bit to .16 mN/bit for force, and .14 um/bit to .16 um/bit for the deflection with .15 mN
being optimal. If results exceed these ranges, contact CANNON service department for help with
further diagnosis.
Calibrate with the Auto-Thickness Option
The BBRw software automatically measures the thickness of the specimen if the Auto-Thickness
option box in the Test Setup dialog is checked. When entering preliminary data for the test, click on
the option box to select or deselect this option.
Follow the procedure in this section to calibrate the BBR instrument to use the Auto-Thickness
option.
1. Check the Beam Dimensions property sheet in the Instrument Setup dialog to make certain
that the correct value has been entered for Thick Beam Thickness.
2. Select Calibrate from the main menu, then Auto-Thickness Datum from the Calibrate options.
3. Follow the screen prompts to complete the Auto-Thickness calibration procedure. The BBRw
software uses the input values and LVDT readings to generate necessary calibration data for
determination of specimen thickness during BBR testing.
Note:Is it necessary to calbrate the Auto-Thickness each time an LVDT/Load Cell
calibration is performed.
Page 41
30
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
Software Menu Options
Name
Description
Initiates a new test by opening a new test file and prompting for user
Activates the Open dialog, permitting user selection of the
Close a Test Window*
Closes the file associated with the currently active window
Exports data from the currently active window to a file with the
Allows the user to select data files for export in ASCII format. The
Print*
Opens the Windows print dialog
Print Preview*
Provides a screen preview of the printed output
Print Setup
Activated the Windows Print Setup controls
Lists the most recently opened files. Double-click the file name to
Exit
Exits the BBR software program
Name
Description
Toolbar
Displays or hides the BBRw toolbar.
Although the use of the software is largely intuitive, the descriptions in this section may provide
assistance during training and initial use of the BBR computer interface. Additionally, the BBRw
software includes Help files for convenient on-screen reference during operation of the program. To
access the Help files, click on Help from the BBRw Main Menu or click on the Help buttons available
in most BBRw dialog windows.
Main Menu
Table 4: Test Menu Options
Run a New Test
Open a Saved Test
Export Data*
Batch Export Data
…,2…,3…,4
*option available only when test file is open.
input
appropriate file(s)
format specified (.csv or .dat file format)
.csv files provide all recorded temperature/deflection/ force values
for the selected test(s).
open the file
Table 5: View Menu Options
Page 42
CANNON Instrument Company | Software Menu Options
31
Name
Description
Displays or hides the status bar, which displays information about
Displays or hides the instrument status window, which displays
Graph*
Opens a graph view of the current BBR data file
Report*
Opens a columnar report view of the current BBR data file
Name
Description
Force, deflection and
Calibrates the Load Unit for maximum accuracy (see Calibration for
Calibrates the thermistor probe to insure accurate temperature
Calibrates the BBR for precision measurement of specimen thickness
Initiates the steel beam test sequence to verify normal operation of
Status bar
Instrument status
*option available only when test file is open
compliance
Thermistor calibration
Auto-Thickness
the current application status or other contextual information
generated by the location of the cursor or mouse icon.
current force, deflection and temperature information, as well as the
target BBR temperature
Table 6: Calibrate Menu Options
more information)
readings (see Calibration)
using the thick steel beam as a reference standard.
Run a Confidence Test
the BBR instrument. Run a Confidence Test verifies the function of
the BBR instrument using a procedure which measures the known
stiffness modulus of a steel beam (see
Setup Menu Options
Instrument Setup: The Instrument Setup menu provides access to important software/system
configuration settings.
Set Bath Temperature: Bath temperature is also set from the Instrument Setup menu. To enter the
desired bath temperature:
1. Click Bath from the tab options on the InstrumentSetup property sheet.
2. Enter the desired temperature (between +25 °C and -40 °C).
3. Click OK to save the settings, or Cancel to discard the changes.
Calibration)
Page 43
32
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
Note: When the TE-BBR is turned off, Temperature Control is disabled. If the
Enable temperature control: The TE-BBR will not control temperature unless the Enable
Temperature Control software option is turned on. When temperature control is enabled, the
Enable Temperature Control option on the Setup menu will have a check mark in front of it.
software application is exited but the instrument remains on, the Enable
Temperature Control option will retain its previous setting when the TE-BBR
software is restarted.
Disabling Temperature Control: To disable temperature control, repeat the process used to enable
temperature control (see above). When you click on Enable Temperature Control, the check mark
is removed to indicate that temperature control is no longer enabled.
Help Menu Options
Help: Displays BBRw Help topics and offers explanations of software inputs.
About: Displays the BBRw current version, copyright information, and current
Deflection/Force/Compliance constants.
Toolbar Options
The BBRw software is designed to provide easy access to some of the most critical BBR functions
with a single click of your mouse. The BBRw Toolbar includes buttons for initiating a test, opening
data files, viewing and printing BBRw textual and graphical data, calibrating and checking the
calibration, and aborting the test. Refer to Figure 19 for a brief description of toolbar options.
Page 44
CANNON Instrument Company | Software Menu Options
33
Figure 17: Toolbar Options
Page 45
34
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
Beam Preparation
The method described in this section is essentially a description of current ASTM/AASHTO-approved
test methods for asphalt bending beam preparation. This manual procedure is not intended to
supersede the current methodology. Consult the appropriate method for specific test procedures.
Asphalt Beam Dimensions
The desired dimensions for the test beam are 127 mm (5") long, 12.7 mm (½”) wide and 6.35 mm
(¼”) thick.
Test Method
The Bending Beam Rheometer is designed to measure the low-temperature stiffness of asphalt
binders. Low temperature stiffness is significantly affected by the thermal history of the specimen.
Therefore, from the time the specimen is poured until the completion of the test, time intervals and
temperatures should be strictly controlled. Appropriate methodology must be followed precisely.
Failure to follow these guidelines can result in errors of 30 percent or more in the measured
stiffness.
Proper specimen preparation will produce test beams 6.35 ± .05 mm thick by 12.7 ± 0.05 mm wide
by 127 ± 0.5 mm long. Specimen preparation involves three major steps:
• Mold preparation
• Specimen pouring
• Specimen demolding
When preparing the specimen, make sure to allow time for the TE-BBR bath to reach the test
temperature and stabilize. The bath should be equilibrated at the test temperature for at least 30
minutes before running the asphalt beam test.
Mold Preparation
A diagram of a specimen mold often used to prepare the test beam is shown in Figure 20. To
prepare the mold for filling, execute the following checklist:
1. Cover the inside surfaces of the metal bars with tacking material.
Page 46
CANNON Instrument Company | Beam Preparation
35
The tacking material should be a commercial, petroleum-based grease that retains its tackiness at
the pouring temperature without stiffening excessively at low temperatures. The layer should be
uniform and very thin.
The purpose of the grease is to hold the plastic strips in contact with the metal faces of the mold.
After spreading the thin film of grease, clean the sides and edges of the bars with a clean tissue
moistened with solvent to prevent grease from coming in contact with the poured asphalt.
2. Cover the greased surfaces of the three metal bars with the plastic strips.
When applying the strips, avoid entrapping air bubbles between the strips and the bars. First, locate
the wider plastic strip and align it with the greased side of the (wider) base plate, pressing it firmly
into place.
The narrower plastic strips for the side plates are made longer but should match the width of the
side plates exactly. Place these two plastic strips on top of the tacking film, and press the strips onto
the bars.
3. Debond the end pieces.
The only inner metal surfaces of the assembled mold which will not be covered by plastic are the
inner edges of the two short end pieces. To prevent asphalt from sticking to these surfaces, cover
them with a thin layer of debonding agent (CANNON recommends using a mixture of talcum powder
and glycerol) and a narrow spatula, wire or rod. Avoid spreading the mixture on the plastic surfaces.
4. Assemble the mold.
Place the end pieces at the ends of the base plate, on the face covered with the plastic sheet.
Position the two side bars on the sides of the end plates with their covered sides facing inward. Use
two rubber O-rings to hold the side bars securely to the base bar at each end of the mold.
5. Inspect the mold.
After assembling the mold, inspect it for any air bubbles or detachment between the plastic sheets
and the bars. Insert a clean metal bar 6.35 mm (0.25") thick into the mold and move it back and
forth (using sliding action) between the two end pieces. This will enable you to check that the plastic
sheets are completely attached to the bars and that the sample volume is accurate.
When the above steps have been completed, the mold is ready for pouring. After it is assembled,
keep the mold at room temperature until the asphalt is to be poured. Refer to Figure 20.
Page 47
36
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
Figure 18: Mold Specimen Diagram
Page 48
CANNON Instrument Company | Beam Preparation
37
Note: It’s very important to trim and clean the top side of the mold. If the width
Specimen Pouring
Follow the steps below to pour a specimen for testing in the Bending Beam Rheometer.
1. Heat the asphalt binder sample.
Heat the asphalt sample in an oven to a temperature not exceeding 165 ° C to 180 °C (329 °F to
356 °F) until it has become sufficiently fluid to pour. The temperature should be sufficient to
produce a coefficient of viscosity from 100 to 200 cSt. The time and temperature required depends
on the size of the sample and the hardness of the asphalt. For virgin asphalt, and for a sample of
about 50 gm (3 oz. tin), 60 minutes at 135 °C (275 °F) is generally sufficient.
Caution:Take appropriate precautions when handling hot asphalt.
The sample should be stirred occasionally to aid heat transfer and to assure uniformity. But avoid
excessive stirring to prevent oxidative hardening. After bringing sample to the required
temperature, stir the sample until it is homogeneous and free of air bubbles.
2. Pour the asphalt.
Pour the asphalt into the mold, starting at one end and moving slowly toward the other. Hold the
sample container 25 mm to 40 mm (1” to 1.5") from the mold and pour continuously until the mold
is completely filled. Try to fill the mold in one pass, as pouring the beam in several passes may
entrap air gaps or bubbles in the specimen.
Overfill the molds slightly with asphalt so that the excess can be trimmed after the asphalt cools.
Overfilling is necessary so that the demolded specimen has square edges and uniform width. After
pouring the specimen, cool the filled mold at room temperature (about 20 °C or greater) for 45 to 60
minutes.
3. Trim the specimen.
After the specimen has cooled, use a hot knife or a heated spatula to trim the upper face of the
specimen so that it is level with the top of the mold. Any excess asphalt on the side bars should be
carefully cleaned with the hot knife or other appropriate sharp-edged instrument.
of the specimen is more than 12.7 mm (¼”) it will not fit correctly on the device
supports. If the upper side of the mold is not cleaned carefully the specimen will
adhere to the side bars, making removal difficult.
Page 49
38
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
Caution: Use caution when cooling the specimen as asphalt may be brittle at
4. Cure the specimen.
After trimming the filled mold, allow the mold to remain at room temperature for one hour (± 15
minutes) before demolding. This period of time is necessary for the specimen to reach thermal
equilibrium.
Specimen Demolding
Before demolding, prepare the bending beam instrument for operation. Make sure to allow time for
the bath to reach the test temperature and stabilize. The bath should be equilibrated at the test
temperature for at least 30 minutes before running the test.
Load the BBRw software.
1. Cool the specimen.
lower temperatures. Do not use the TE-BBR test bath to cool the sample.
Immersing the warm mold in the bath could disturb the temperature
equilibration and force a delay in testing.
If cooling is too rapid, the difference in contraction rate between the mold and
the asphalt may result in internal stresses and cracking.
2. Demold the specimen per the following instructions:
a. Remove the specimen from its cooling place and, if needed, wipe it dry. Demolding should
start immediately.
b. Remove the O-rings. Then shear the base plate to the side.
c. Carefully peel off the base plate plastic sheet adhering to the asphalt specimen.
d. Shear off the side bars by applying opposite rotations at the ends of the bars. Then peel off
the side plastic strips and remove the end pieces.
e. Inspect the asphalt specimen to make sure that the sides are uniform and free of any
irregularities.
3. Store the asphalt beams in the test bath. A small beaker or wire frame in a corner of the bath
can be used for this purpose.
4. Record the time the beam is placed in the bath.
Page 50
CANNON Instrument Company | Beam Preparation
39
Note:The demolding operation should be done as quickly as possible to prevent
deformation of the specimen.
Page 51
40
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
Initial Startup
Note: When the TE-BBR is turned off, Temperature Control is disabled. If the
Remove any beams from the beam supports.
Turn the computer and the TE-BBR instrument ON and check the push button switches on the BBR
left panel to make sure that the red indicator LEDs are lit. These default settings for BBR front panel
switches are LOCAL and ZERO. These settings should be maintained or restored prior to activating
the air bearing compressed gas supply.
Enabling temperature control
The TE-BBR will not control temperature unless the Enable Temperature Control software option is
turned on. When temperature control is enabled, the Enable Temperature Control option on the
Setup menu will have a check mark in front of it.
To enable temperature control, select Setup from the Main Menu and click on Enable
Temperature Control.
software application is exited but the instrument remains on, the Enable
Temperature Control option retains its previous setting when the BBR is
restarted.
Adjust Gas Pressure
1. Before turning on the compressor or compressed gas valve, make sure that there are no beams
on the supports.
2. Turn on your compressor or compressed gas supply and make sure it is functioning normally.
3. Adjust the LINE pressure to 40 psi and the BEARING pressure to 25 psi. Ensure that the supply
pressure is always set to a minimum of 60 psi to ensure adequate regulation from the bearing
pressure regulator.
Adjust Load Settings
1. Place the 6.35 mm (¼") thick stainless steel beam on the supports.
2. Set the switches on the front of the Control Unit to LOCAL, and ZERO.
Page 52
CANNON Instrument Company | Initial Startup
41
3. Watch the Force value on the Instrument Status Bar and adjust the Control Unit ZERO
pressure dial until the load reading displayed is 35 mN ± 10 mN.
4. Switch to the LOAD mode (Control Unit front panel, left side) and adjust the LOAD regulator
until the computer display reading for the load is 980 ± 50 mN.
5. Switch back to the ZERO mode and check to see if the shaft has drifted up off the beam. If so,
repeat the load procedure.
6. Manually raise the shaft enough to remove the stainless steel beam.
7. Manually raise the haft enough to remove the stainless steel beam.
Page 53
42
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
Test Asphalt Binder Samples
After preparing the TE-BBR instrument for testing and completing the confidence test, follow the
procedure below to test asphalt binder samples:
1. Check the bath temperature to ensure it is at the desired test temperature. If not, follow the
procedure in section Prepare the Temperature Bath; input the desired temperature using the
Bath option from the Instrument Setup menu. Make sure that temperature control is enabled.
Wait until the temperature has stabilized at the desired level before proceeding with the next step.
Set the switch on the Control Unit to LOCAL.
2. Use tongs to place the thick 6.35 mm (¼") steel beam carefully on the supports and slowly lower
the shaft until it touches the beam.
3. Adjust the Control Unit ZERO pressure dial until the load reading shows the desired contact load
of 35 mN ± 10 mN.
4. Switch to the LOAD mode (Control Unit front panel) and adjust the LOAD regulator until the
computer display reading for the load is 981 ± 50 mN.
5. Switch back to ZERO and check to see if the shaft has drifted up off the beam. If it has, repeat
steps 3-4. If not, proceed to step 6.
Testing the Specimen
6. Use tongs to remove the thick steel beam from the bath.
7. To initiate the software-driven test procedure, click on Run a New Test from the Test menu
options. Or click on the BBRw software toolbar.
8. Enter preliminary test information from the Test Setup dialog and click on OK.
9. Set the LOCAL/REMOTE switch to the REMOTE setting.
10. Follow the software prompts to complete the test.
During the test, the deflection/force values are plotted on a graph on the computer screen. At the
conclusion of the test, the screen display will change to the Report view. At the end of the loading
period, there is an automatic return to zero load condition.
Page 54
CANNON Instrument Company | Test Asphalt Binder Samples
43
To make additional tests, simply repeat this procedure and make changes as desired using the menu
options.
Test Description
The full load will initially be applied to the sample for a one-second period, and then removed for
twenty seconds before it is again applied for the full 240 second test period. The short pre-loading
ensures that the beam is well seated on the supports before the actual test begins. Since some slight
deformation will occur, the twenty-second unloading period allows the beam to recover to the
original state.
The progress of the test can be observed by following the graph plot of load and deflection
appearing on the computer monitor. At the end of the loading period, there is an automatic return
to zero load condition and the graph plot is redrawn with revised vertical axis scale values if the BBR
Autoscaling feature is enabled. Refer to Figure 21 for an example of a test graph.
Figure 19: Graph of Test Results
Results also appear in Report form. Figure 22 is an example of test results in Report view. See
Appendix 1 – Test Reports for more information about test results.
Page 55
44
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
Figure 20: Report View of Test Results
Shut Down the Instrument
At the conclusion of testing, follow the shutdown procedure below to prevent damage to TE-BBR
components.
1. Remove any beams from the supports and heat the bath to +5 °C.
2. Raise the Load Frame shaft and place the gage block on the left side of the load platform. Lower
the shaft so that the adjustment screw rests on the top surface of the gage block.
3. Turn off (by rotating counter-clockwise) the LINE regulator on the front panel to remove
pressure from the system.
Caution:The LINE regulator must be turned off before any external supply valve
is turned off to prevent the shaft from shooting upward.
4. Seal the bath with the bath cover to minimize evaporation of bath liquid.
5. Turn off the Control Unit power switch and air compressor or other gas supply.
Page 56
CANNON Instrument Company | Troubleshooting
45
Troubleshooting
Stability of the compliance value is the most critical aspect. Compliance should be monitored to
ensure that values are within the parameters described above. If values differ significantly,
recalibrate and check for "play" in the Delrin load shaft or asphalt residue on the shaft nose, beam
or beam supports. If the problem is still unresolved, call CANNON for technical assistance.
Troubleshoot Confidence Test
If a satisfactory Confidence Test result is not obtained, select Instrument Setup from the BBR
software Setup menu. Then click on Beam Dimensions and make sure that the proper values for
beam dimensions are entered. The thin beam is approximately 1.19 mm (0.047") thick and 12.7 mm
wide. Use a calibrated caliper/micrometer to measure the dimensions of the beam at the point
where force will be applied. Enter the values for Thin Beam Thickness and Width in the
appropriate fields.
FHP Motors
For routine maintenance and improved bearing life expectancy, add a few drops of non-detergent
‘twenty weight’ oil every 12 months.
Fans should be cleared of dust/other material on a regular basis.
Common Issues
Problem: Shaft does not move freely up and down.
Solution(s): Check the LINE and AIR BEARING pressure on the dials the front panel of the
instrument. Ensure that the recommended pressure settings are being used. (45 to 60 psi for LINE;
25 to 35 psi for the AIR BEARING)
Confirm that the magnet on the Load Frame is not making contact with the guide frame. If it is,
follow this procedure to restore the magnet to its correct position:
1. Loosen the set screw holding the magnet in place.
2. Move the magnet about 2 mm (1/16") away from the Load Frame guide frame.
3. Tighten the magnet set screw securely.
Page 57
46
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
If the shaft movement is still inhibited, check for water in the air lines:
1. Turn off air to the instrument.
2. Remove the air line from the air bearing.
3. Apply air pressure to the open line.
If water is expelled from the line, supply dry gas (such as nitrogen) to the bearing to remove
moisture from the bearing and from the line. Then, attach a trap to the air line to remove water.
Reconnect the air line and turn on air to the instrument.
Recheck shaft movement. If it is not improved, check the Load Cell wires to confirm they are not
contacting the frame:
1. Loosen the four screws at the corners of the front panel of the Load Frame.
2. Remove the front panel from the Load Frame. Make sure that the load cell wires are not
contacting the stationary part of the frame. Reassemble the front panel.
If the load cell wires are not contacting the stationary part of the frame and the problem continues,
contact CANNON
for assistance.
Flush and Drain the Air/Water Heat Exchanger
The water/antifreeze mixture should be replaced annually for reliable performance and to prevent
corrosion of internal components. To flush fluid from the Exchanger and BBR, obtain replacement
antifreeze, a funnel, a drain bucket and a supply of warm water. Then follow the procedures
outlined below.
Flush Procedure
1. Turn off the TE-BBR power switch to remove power from the instrument and Exchanger.
2. Detach the quick-connect fitting securing the tubing from the BBR to the IN connection on the
Exchanger by pushing down on the release button while pulling the hose connection out. Refer
to Figure 14. Place the tube end in the drain bucket and pull the hose off of the ribbed section of
the fitting. Fluid will begin draining from the BBR and Exchanger.
Page 58
CANNON Instrument Company | Troubleshooting
47
Figure 21: Remove Exchanger Tubing Connection
3. Open the lid of the Exchanger reservoir and place the funnel in the opening.
4. Turn on the BBR instrument to engage the Exchanger circulating pump. Fluid from the Exchanger
and BBR will flow into the drain bucket.
5. Immediately begin adding warm water to the Exchanger reservoir through the funnel and
continue as it is pumped out into the drain bucket until the water exiting the drain hose into the
drain bucket flows clear.
6. Stop adding water to the reservoir and immediately turn off the TE- BBR power switch.
7. Replace the connector on the Exchanger hose, and reattach the connector to the fitting on the
Exchanger as shown in Figure 14.
Caution:Do not permit the Exchanger pump to operate without fluid in the
system. This damages the pump.
Drain Fluid Procedure
After the antifreeze mixture has been flushed from the Air/Water Heat Exchanger per the preceding
procedure, drain the system as follows:
1. Make certain that the TE-BBR power is OFF. Remove the external housing from the Air/Water
Heat Exchanger by removing the six screws securing the housing to the sides of the frame (three
screws on each side of the unit) and the six screws on the top and sides of the rear panel.
2. Locate the twin stopcocks at the top and bottom of the radiator. Attach a drain hose to the
bottom stopcock and place the opposite end of the hose in a drain bucket. Refer to Figure
Page 59
48
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
Note:A small amount of water/antifreeze mixture may remain in the tubing
15.
Figure 22: Exchanger with Housing Removed
3. Open the top and bottom stopcocks by turning them parallel to the nozzle and permit water to
drain from the radiator. Then close the stopcocks and remove the drain hose from the bottom
stopcock.
leading from the external connector to the reservoir. This can be drained by
pulling the hose off of the ribbed section of the quick-connect fitting previously
installed. Reattach the tubing before completing the remainder of this
procedure.
4. Replace the external housing on the Air/Water Heat Exchanger and secure it with the six screws
previously removed. If necessary, reseat the gasket around the reservoir opening with a small
screwdriver.
5. Add water/antifreeze mixture to the Exchanger per the instructions in the section Fill the
Air/Water Heat Exchanger to complete the water/antifreeze flush and drain procedure.
Failed Communications
Problem: Failed communications between the computer and the instrument (no force, deflection or
temperature readings appear in the instrument status window, or the software indicates an invalid
serial port in the Setup dialog)
Page 60
CANNON Instrument Company | Troubleshooting
49
Solution(s): Confirm that the power is ON for both the computer and the instrument.
Check the serial port selection in the BBRw Setup menu using the following procedure:
1. Choose Setup from the BBRw Main Menu and click on Instrument Setup.
2. Select the Port tab from the property sheet.
3. Check the list box setting for the communication port and verify that the serial connection at the
back of the computer matches the setting indicated.
4. Change settings if necessary and save changes by clicking OK from the Port dialog box.
5. Check the RS-232 cable connections and confirm that they are secure.
If all connections are secure and communication problems are still occurring, try replacing the
RS-232 cable.
If replacing the cable fails to restore communications, check/change the Windows Terminal/
HyperTerminal settings, if possible on your computer, per the procedure below:
1. Choose Setup from the BBRw Main Menu and click Instrument Setup.
2. Select the Port tab from the property sheet.
3. Choose NONE from the COM Port list box.
4. Click OK.
5. Click on the Windows Start button and select Programs/Accessories/Terminal (or
HyperTerminal). Other terminal programs, such as TerraTirm can be used as well.
6. Select the Terminal (HyperTerminal) application icon.
7. Select Properties from the Terminal (HyperTerminal) File menu.
8. Scroll through the tab options until you locate the Configure option.
9. Click on Configure and change the port settings to the following:
a. 9600 Baud
b. No parity
c. 1 stop bit
d. No flow control
Page 61
50
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
10. Type A into the command prompt and press R or Ctrl key. Instrument should respond with an
OK message. If you receive an OK response, the port is functional. If you do not, there may be a
problem with the computer serial port.
Restore the COM Setting
To restore the BBRw COM port settings, complete the following procedure.
1. Close the Terminal (HyperTerminal) program and return to the BBRw application.
2. Choose Setup from the BBRw Main Menu and click Instrument Setup.
3. Select the Port tab from the property sheet.
4. Restore the correct COM port setting.
If the above diagnostic procedures fail to provide information necessary to restore communications,
there may be an internal problem with the instrument. Perform the following procedure and
contact Cannon Instrument Company with the results.
1. Locate the TE-BBR test cable (shipped with the instrument) with the phono plug on one end and
two alligator clips at the other end.
2. Obtain a voltmeter and adjust to a scale of 10 volts DC or the next higher scale setting.
3. On the rear of the Control Unit locate the RCA phono jacks labeled Force and Deflection.
4. Plug the test cable into the Deflection jack and connect the alligator clips to the DC voltmeter
(red-positive; black-negative).
5. Record the voltage as Deflection voltage.
6. Using the ZERO pressure regulator, move the shaft up and down while viewing the voltmeter.
Record any changes to the voltage as the shaft traverses the full range.
If the voltage levels changed with the shaft position, continue with step 7.
7. Measure the voltage change:
a. Place the gage block on the left side of the Load Platform and set the load platform screw
on the red level of the gage block.
b. Record the voltage as the RED LEVEL VOLTAGE.
c. Set the load platform screw on the blue level of the gage block.
d. Record the voltage as the BLUE LEVEL VOLTAGE.
e. Move the phono plug to the jack labeled Force.
Page 62
CANNON Instrument Company | Troubleshooting
51
f. Remove the gage block from the Load Platform.
g. Place the 6.35 mm (1/4 inch) thick steel beam on the beam supports
h. Carefully lower the shaft until the tip rests on the beam.
i. Record the voltage as NO LOAD voltage.
j. Add a 100-gram weight to the Load Platform.
k. Record the voltage as the 100-GRAM voltage.
l. Call the Service department at Cannon
obtained with this diagnostic.
Instrument Company and report the voltage levels
Temperature Reading Error
Problem: The temperature reading displayed on the computer appears incorrectly.
Solution(s): The calibration constants for the temperature probe (supplied with the manual
documentation) were not entered correctly in the software Instrument Setup property sheet. Click
on Setup and InstrumentSetup from the Main Menu to check if these constants are correct before
further examining reasons for the temperature error.
Temperature Probe
If the temperature display does not show a change when the bath is changing temperature, check
the thermistor probe cable connections on the rear of the control unit and validate that the
connections are secure.
If connections are secure and the temperature display still does not change as the bath is changing
temperature, the temperature probe may be faulty. Unplug the thermistor cable from the back of
the Load Frame (note the arrangement of the pins on the connector at the back of the Load Frame).
Pins 1 and 2 are the first pins counter-clockwise from the keyway as shown in Figure 23.
Figure 23: Keyway Diagram
Measure the probe resistance across pins 1 and 2 with an ohmmeter. The resistance should
measure between 5,000 and 50,000 ohms. If the resistance check indicates an open circuit or,
conversely, a short circuit, the probe likely needs to be replaced.
Page 63
52
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
Using a continuity tester or ohmmeter, check each set of pins in the cable for continuity. Replace the
cable if it is faulty.
Internal Wiring
The temperature reading issue could be in the connector, or the wiring leading to the connector.
Remove the front panel to the Load Unit and inspect the leads to the thermistor connector to verify
they are secure.
Confidence Test Failures
Problem: The confidence test fails repeatedly.
Solution(s): Check software settings for the thin beam thickness as follows:
1. Choose Setup from the BBRw Main Menu and click Instrument Setup.
2. Select the Beam Dimensions tab from the property sheet.
3. Measure the thickness and width of the thin steel beam used for the test and compare the
measurements with the recorded value for Thin Beam Thickness and Width.
4. If the setting is incorrect, enter the correct value in the appropriate field and click OK to save
the new value. If the setting is correct, recalibrate for Force, Deflection and Compliance (see
Calibration section for instructions).
5. Rerun the confidence test.
Level the BBR
If the TE-BBR is not level, the weight platform may rub against the steel bar used to prevent rotation
of the platform. The resulting friction produces an erroneous measure of the steel beam modulus.
To level the TE-BBR, place the bubble level (supplied with the instrument) on the Load Platform of
the Load Frame and adjust the legs under the Control Unit to level the instrument. The supplied
bubble level is pictured in Figure 24.
Page 64
CANNON Instrument Company | Troubleshooting
53
Figure 24: Bubble Level
Other possible causes for confidence test failure may be that the LVDT/load cell is not properly
adjusted.
Incorrect Load Values
Problem: The load value displayed in the Instrument Status window is much greater than zero, even
when the shaft is floating free/not resting on the beam.
Solution(s): Recalibrate at the test temperature for Force, Deflection and Compliance (refer to
Calibration section for instructions). If values are still incorrect after a successful calibration,
continue with the diagnostics below:
Test the TE-BBR for correct voltage readings for Force:
1. Locate the TE-BBR test cable with the phono plug on one end and two alligator clips at the other
end (cable is shipped with the instrument).
2. Obtain a voltmeter and adjust to a scale of 10 volts DC or the next higher scale setting.
3. Locate the RCA phono jack labeled Force on the rear of the Control Unit.
4. Plug the test cable into the Force jack and connect the alligator clips to the DC voltmeter (red-
positive; black-negative).
5. Make sure that the BBR power is on.
6. Read the voltage from the voltmeter. If the voltage is not within a few tenths of a volt of 0, the
output voltage may need to be adjusted.
If the reading is several volts, it may be possible to readjust the output to "0" by using the method
outlined in this section.
Page 65
54
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
Fluctuation in Deflection/Load During a Test
Problem: The test graph shows considerable fluctuations in the deflection and/or load values during
the progress of the test.
Solution(s): Fluctuation may be caused by inconsistent line air pressure. Check the source for
problems with flow. Eliminate all sources of vibration around the instrument. Move any machinery
with vibrating components such as motors and/or pumps away from the instrument. Run the test
again and check for abnormal Deflection/Load values.
Several tests can be performed to isolate an electrical problem.
Check the TE-BBR Voltage Values for Force and Deflection
1. Locate the TE-BBR test cable with the phono plug on one end and two alligator clips at the other
end (cable is shipped with the instrument).
2. Obtain a voltmeter and adjust to a scale of 10 volts DC or the next lower scale setting.
3. Locate the RCA phono jack labeled Force on the rear of the Control Unit.
4. Plug the test cable into the Force jack and connect the alligator clips to the DC voltmeter (red-
positive; black-negative).
5. Make sure that the instrument is powered on.
6. Read the voltage from the voltmeter for one minute.
7. Plug the test cable into the Deflection jack and connect the alligator clips to the DC voltmeter
(red-positive; black-negative).
8. Read the voltage from the voltmeter for one minute.
These voltages should be steady, varying no more than a few millivolts. If the voltages are steady then
vibration can be ruled out as the cause of the problem. If the voltage from either of the transducers
shows significant fluctuations over a period of approximately one minute, there may be a problem with
that transducer or the connection cable. Contact the Service department at Cannon Instrument
Company for assistance.
Download Button
The TE-BBR includes its own microprocessor which is capable of receiving programming information
via the RS-232C serial connection. Upgrades are obtained from CANNON. In the event that
Page 66
CANNON Instrument Company | Troubleshooting
55
Note:If the download button is pressed inadvertantly when the BBR is in
programming is required, the necessary procedures, including a description of the use of the
Download button located on the right rear panel of the TE-BBR, are provided.
operation, the TE-BBR instrument and software will need to be powered off and
restarted.
Clean the Instrument Housing
Caution: Turn off all power and unplug the power cord before cleaning the BBR.
Periodically clean the outside of the TE-BBR units with a damp cloth moistened with water and/or a
mild detergent solution. Do not wipe or otherwise apply pressure to the base of the load shaft in
order to avoid damaging the load cell.
Page 67
CANNON Instrument Company | Troubleshooting
56
Adjusting Bending Beam Rheometer Force and Deflection Voltages
This section provides notes on adjusting the force and deflection voltages for the TE-BBR Bending Beam
Rheometer.
To complete the force adjustment procedure, the VR5 POT (VR2 POT on the old version) and the VR3
POT must be changed to match the desired voltage.
To complete the deflection adjustment procedure, the VR1 POT (VR4 POT old version) and the VR2 POT
(VR5 POT old version) must be changed to match the desired voltage.
Tools Required: voltmeter, Phillips head screwdriver, small slot screwdriver
Parts Required: 44.6525 Setup Beam, 44.6810 RCA Cable Assembly
Adjust Force Voltages
New Version Rear Panel (Refer to Diagram A, Figure 25)
1. Attach the voltmeter lead to the rear panel FORCE connection (adjacent to the serial port) and
adjust the zero load so that the shaft is essentially weightless (floating).
2. With no beam on the beam supports, and with the contact nut just touching the gage block red
level, adjust the VR5 POT (see diagram, next page) until the voltmeter reads zero volts. Then replace
the ¼”steel beam on the beam supports and remove the gage block.
3. Set the ZERO/LOAD switch to ZERO (if it’s not already); then adjust the air supply so that the shaft is
barely touching the steel beam. Observe and record any small voltage number
4. Place 400 grams on the platform and adjust the VR3 (GAIN) POT on the rear panel control board for
8.00 volts plus the small voltage number observed in the preceding step (the gain will be 50
grams/volt).
Old Version (Refer to Diagram B, Figure 26)
1. Attach the voltmeter lead to the rear panel FORCE connection (adjacent to the serial port) and
adjust the zero load so that the shaft is floating and essentially weightless.
2. With no beam on the beam supports, and with the contact nut just touching the gage block red
level, adjust the VR2 POT (see diagram, next page) until the voltmeter reads zero volts. Then
replace the ¼” steel beam on the beam supports and remove the gage block.
Page 68
CANNON Instrument Company | Troubleshooting
57
3. Set the ZERO/LOAD switch to ZERO (if it’s not already); then adjust the air supply so that the shaft
is barely touching the steel beam. Observe and record any small voltage number
4. Place 400 grams on the platform and adjust the VR3 (GAIN) POT on the rear panel control board
for 8.00 volts plus the small voltage number observed in the preceding step (the gain will be 50
grams/volt).Adjusting deflection voltages.
Adjust Deflection Voltages
New Version Rear Panel (Refer to Diagram A, Figure 25)
1. Lift the air bearing shaft and place the calibrated 0.15" beam on the beam supports. Gently lower
the shaft until it contacts the calibrated beam
2. Plug the voltmeter into the Deflection jack on the rear panel. Then adjust the VR1 (ZERO) POT.
Observe the board diagram until the output from the rear panel Deflection jack reads zero.
3. Place the stainless steel standard ¼”beam on the beam supports and ensure that the shaft is making
contact with the beam. Adjust the LVDT VR2 (GAIN) POT. Observe diagram on the rear panel circuit
board until the voltmeter reads -5.00 volts.
4. Replace the ¼” beam with the 0.15" beam on the supports. Then readjust the VR1 POT so that the
voltmeter reads zero volts. Replace the 0.15" beam with the ¼” beam on the supports and readjust
the VR2 (GAIN) POT for -5.0 volts on the voltmeter. Repeat this step until your readings are
consistent. (This will produce a scale of .02 inches/volt).
5. Tighten the contact nut on the load platform. Then place the gage block in position underneath it so
the red level is under the contact nut. Lower the air bearing until it is just touching the 0.25" beam.
Note:It may be necessary to adjust the screw height to permit the air bearing to
contact the beam. See step 6.
6. Loosen the hex nut on the adjustment screw and turn the screw by hand until the contact nut is just
touching the red level of the gage block. Remove the 0.25" beam.
7. Readjust the screw height until the voltmeter reading for the deflection voltage is -5.0 volts; then
lock it in place with the hex nut. If necessary, make final adjustments to the screw height until the
voltmeter reads -5.0 volts.
Old Version Rear Panel (Refer to Figure 26, Diagram B)
1. Lift the air bearing shaft and place the calibrated 0.15" beam on the beam supports. Gently lower the
shaft until it contacts the calibrated beam.
Page 69
58
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
2. Plug the voltmeter into the Deflection jack on the rear panel. Then adjust the VR4 (ZERO) POT.
Observe the board diagram until the output from the rear panel Deflection jack reads zero.
3. Now place the stainless steel standard 0.25" beam on the beam supports and make certain that the
shaft is making contact with the beam. Adjust the LVDT VR5 (GAIN) POT ). Observe diagram on the
rear panel circuit board until the voltmeter reads -5.00 volts.
4. Replace the 0.25" beam with the 0.15" beam on the supports. Then readjust the VR4 POT so that
the voltmeter reads zero volts. Replace the 0.15" beam with the 0.25" beam on the supports and
readjust the VR5 (GAIN) POT for -5.0 volts on the voltmeter. Repeat this step until your readings are
consistent. (This will produce a scale of .02 inches/volt).
5. Tighten the contact nut on the load platform. Then place the gage block in position underneath it so
the red level is under the contact nut. Lower the air bearing until it is just touching the 0.25" beam.
Note:It may be necessary to adjust the screw height to permit the air bearing to
contact the beam. See step 6.
6. Loosen the hex nut on the adjustment screw and turn the screw by hand until the contact nut is just
touching the red level of the gage block. Remove the ¼” beam.
7. Readjust the screw height until the voltmeter reading for the deflection voltage is -5.0 volts; then
lock it in place with the hex nut. If necessary, make final adjustments to the screw height until the
voltmeter reads -5.0 volts.
Page 70
CANNON Instrument Company | Troubleshooting
59
Figure 25: Diagram A (new) Figure 26: Diagram B (old)
Page 71
60
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
Caution: The TE-BBR is designed with a capacitor capable of holding a strong
Check Function of TE-BBR Cooling Modules
This technical note provides a preliminary procedure for checking function of the thermoelectric cooling
modules mounted internally to the TE-BBR bath. The procedure will check the integrity of the electrical
circuit defined by input and output leads from the modules.
Tools Required: Phillips screwdriver, multimeter
Procedure
1. Remove power from the TE-BBR unit and unplug the MAINS power source.
2. Using a Phillips screwdriver, remove the four screws securing the left rear side panel of the TE- BBR.
Remove the panel to reveal the internal electronics. Refer to Figure 27.
charge. Do not touch the capacitor or other internal components unless
specifically instructed to do so in this procedure.
Figure 27: TE-BBR Capacitor
3. Locate the internal barrier block. The block includes six pairs of terminal connections. Refer to Figure
28.
Figure 28: Terminal Connections
Page 72
CANNON Instrument Company | Troubleshooting
61
4. Remove the bottom screw from the second pair of terminal connections from the left (dark circle in
diagram in Figure 28).
5. Attach the black wire from the multimeter to the ring terminal of the lead just disconnected from
the barrier block.
6. Touch the red wire from the multimeter to the bottom screw on the first pair of terminal
connections from the left (numbered in the diagram in Figure 28).
7. Set the multimeter to indicate resistance (ohms).
8. Check the multimeter reading. It should indicate a completed circuit (zero to very low ohm value). If
it does not, then the function of the modules has been compromised, and the TE-BBR unit needs to
be repaired.
9. After completing the multimeter test, replace the black wire in its original position on the terminal
strip and secure it with the screw previously removed.
Check the Thermostat
Perform the following procedure to check the function of the thermostat.
1. Remove the brown wire from terminal #4 and attach the black lead of the multimeter to the wire.
2. Touch the red lead of the multimeter to terminal #6 (set to measure resistance). The meter should
show continuity (zero to very low ohm value).
3. If the appropriate reading is obtained, reattach the brown wire to terminal #4. If an inappropriate
reading is obtained, the thermostat will need to be replaced. Call CANNON for assistance.
Conclude the Evaluation
1. Replace the rear panel and secure it with the screws previously removed.
2. If desired, restore MAINS power to the TE-BBR instrument.
Page 73
62
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
Clean Air Bearing Shaft and Load Cylinder in TE-BBR
If vertical movement of the Load Frame air bearing shaft is impeded, it may be due to asphalt
contamination at the top of the shaft, or other contaminants possibly introduced through the air lines to
the load cylinder. Do not attempt to lubricate the air bearing shaft. Lubricants can inhibit the function of
the air bearing. Use the following procedures to remove contaminants and debris.
Required Tools: Medium size Phillips screwdriver, asphalt solvent, 3/8” or adjustable wrench, petroleum
based (Stoddard® type) solvent
Remove Asphalt from the Shaft
Prepare the instrument for normal operation per manual instructions, including the section on
adjustment of gas pressure.
1. It is not necessary to prepare a beam or achieve a bath test temperature.
2. Carefully remove the Load Frame from the bath and place it on top of the Control Unit.
3. Adjust the ZERO regulator until the air bearing is lifted to the top of its travel.
4. Apply a small amount of asphalt solvent to an absorbent paper towel. Then gently wipe the air
bearing shaft beneath the load platform to remove asphalt from the shaft.
Caution:Do not apply lateral pressure to the air bearing as this may damage the
instrument.
5. Repeat step 4 until the air bearing moves freely. If movement of the shaft remains inhibited after
several repetitions, perform the load cylinder cleaning procedure in the next section of this technical
note.
Remove Load Cylinder Contaminants
Follow the procedure outlined in this section to remove contaminants that were introduced through the
twin air lines to the load cylinder.
1. Turn off instrument power at the rear of the TE-BBR Control Unit. Remove the Load Frame from the
bath and place it on top of the Control Unit.
2. Use the Phillips screwdriver to remove the four screws securing the front panel to the Load Frame.
3. Remove the front panel from the Load Frame.
Page 74
CANNON Instrument Company | Troubleshooting
63
Air Line Connections
4. Locate the upper and lower air line to the load cylinder as shown in Figure 29.
Figure 29: Load Cylinder Air Line Connections
5. Using a wrench, disconnect the upper and lower air line at the load cylinder.
6. Restore power to the TE-BBR and permit air to blow through the unattached air lines for two or
three minutes to clear the lines of any contaminants.
7. Use the ZERO regulator on the Control Unit to adjust the ZERO pressure to 0 psi.
8. Use the LINE regulator on the Control Unit to adjust the LINE pressure to 0 psi.
9. Reconnect the upper air line, tightening the connection finger tight; tighten an additional quarter-
turn with the wrench.
10. Introduce a small quantity of petroleum-based solvent to the load cylinder around the air bearing
shaft where the shaft passes through the horizontal support frame beneath the load platform.
11. Continue to apply small amounts of solvent while manually raising and lowering the load platform to
encourage distribution of solvent between the shaft and the wall of the load cylinder. Allow the
solvent to remain in the cylinder for several minutes.
12. Use the LINE regulator on the Control Unit to restore normal line pressure. Solvent will be forced
out the top and bottom of the load cylinder.
13. Gently wipe away excess solvent from the shaft and load cylinder with an absorbent paper towel.
Continue this air-drying procedure until all solvent has been removed from the air bearing.
Page 75
64
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
14. Reattach the bottom air line to the air cylinder and adjust the pressure regulator for the ZERO load
to obtain a free-floating condition for the shaft. Check the travel of the shaft to ensure free
movement over the entire travel of the shaft.
15. If travel is restored, use the previously removed screws to replace the Load Frame front cover,
replace the Load Frame in the bath, and continue with normal TE-BBR operations.
If the cleaning procedures have failed, contact CANNON Instrument Company for further assistance.
Page 76
CANNON Instrument Company | Troubleshooting
65
TE-BBR Force Reading Error
This section provides information on correcting the Force Reading 0.0 Error relating to the CANNON
Thermoelectric Bending-Beam Rheometer.
The reason for the force reading of 0.0 when the deflection and temperature settings are correct is due
to a failure of the registry of the computer running the instrument. The customer will need reload the
program.
Procedure
1. Record all information from the certificates for the temperature probe, gauge block, thick and thin
beam.
2. Remove the Cannon TE-BBR program from the computer being used to run the instrument.
3. Go to RUN type in REGEDIT and find the registry keys associated with the TE-BBR. The path is
H_KEY LOCAL MACHINE/SOFTWARE/CANNONINSTRUMENT/BBRw/1.0
In addition to other manufacturers’ warranties, CANNON Instrument Company (“the Company”)
warrants all products (other than reagents and chemicals) delivered to and retained by their original
purchasers to be free from defect in material and workmanship for one year from the date of the
Company’s invoice to the purchaser. For a period of one year from the date of such invoice, the
Company will correct, either by repair or replacement at the Company’s sole discretion, any defect in
material or workmanship (not including defects due to misuse, abuse, abnormal conditions or operation,
accident or acts of God, or to service or modification of the product without prior authorization of the
Company) without charge for parts and labor. The determination of whether any product has been
subject to misuse or abuse will be made solely by the Company.
The Company shall not be liable for any special, incidental, or consequential damages, or any damage to
plant, personnel, equipment or products, directly or indirectly resulting from the use or misuse of any
product. Representations and warranties made by any person, including dealers and representatives of
the Company, which are inconsistent, in conflict with, or in excess of the terms of this warranty shall not
be binding upon the Company unless placed in writing and approved by an officer of the Company.
Reagent and chemical warranty
Cannon Instrument Company (“the Company”) warrants all reagents and chemicals sold by the
Company and delivered to and retained by their original purchasers to conform to the weight,
specifications and standards stated on the package. The Company will, at its sole option, either replace
or refund the price (net of freight, handling charges and taxes), of any reagent or chemical sold by the
Company which does not conform to such weight, specifications and standards upon the prompt return
of the unused portion. Except for replacement or refund of the net price, the Company shall not be
liable for any damages occurring as a consequence of the failure of any reagent or chemical sold by the
Company to conform to the weight, specifications and standards stated on the package.
Returning a product to CANNON
Before returning a CANNON product for repair or service, make every attempt to identify the problem.
If, after careful checking, the problem remains unidentified or unsolved, telephone Cannon Instrument
Company (or the local service agent) to consult with a product specialist. If the specialist cannot
Page 80
CANNON Instrument Company | Warranty
69
recommend a simple solution or repair, CANNON will authorize the return of the product through the
issuance of a Return Authorization number (RA).
CANNON Telephone Number: 814-353-8000
CANNON Fax Number: 814-353-8007
Products returned to CANNON must be carefully packed. Ship prepaid to the following address:
CANNON Instrument Company
ATTN: Return Authorization # __________
2139 High Tech Road
State College, PA 16803 USA
Please include the required information.
Required Information
• The Return Authorization number (RA).
• The name and telephone number of the person at your company to contact regarding the product.
• Shipping and billing instructions for the return of the product to your location.
• A detailed explanation of the reason for the return. If the product is not covered by warranty, the
customer will be provided with an estimate of the repair costs and asked for approval before any
repairs are made. The customer will be required to issue a purchase order for the cost of the
repairs.
Hazardous materials
Please contact CANNON before returning a product that could possibly contain hazardous material.
Shipping notification
Products returned without CANNON’s prior authorization will not be accepted. The customer may be
billed a testing fee if a product is returned to CANNON and found to be working properly.
0.0, Force at 0.0 s, Deflection at 0.0 s, Temperature at 0.0 s
0.5, Force at 0.5 s, Deflection at 0.5 s, Temperature at 0.5 s
249.5, Force at 249.5 s, Deflection at 249.5 s, Temperature at 249.5 s
Page 82
CANNON Instrument Company | Appendix 1 – Test Reports
71
Decimal
Version
5
N/A
V X.X
Specimen ID
22
N/A
--
Project ID
22
N/A
--
Operator ID
22
N/A
--
Test Date
8
N/A
MM/DD/YY
Test Time
8
N/A
HH:MM:SS
Calibration Date
8
N/A
MM/DD/YY
Confidence Test Date
8
N/A
MM/DD/YY
Value of r
2
8
6
0.123456
Estimated Slope @ 8 s
6 3 --
Estimated Slope @ 15 s
6 3 --
Estimated Slope @ 30 s
6 3 --
Estimated Slope @ 60 s
6 3 --
Estimated Slope @ 120 s
6 3 --
Estimated Slope @ 240 s
6 3 --
Actual Temperature °C
7 1 --
Target Temperature °C
7 1 --
Beam Thickness (mm)
7 3 --
Beam Width (mm)
7 3 --
Estimated Stiffness (MPa) @ 8 s
8 0 --
Estimated Stiffness (MPa) @ 15 s
8 0 --
Estimated Stiffness (MPa) @ 30 s
8 0 --
Estimated Stiffness (MPa) @ 60 s
8 0 --
Estimated Stiffness (MPa) @ 120 s
8 0 --
Estimated Stiffness (MPa) @ 240 s
8 0 --
Measured Stiffness (MPa) @ 8 s
8 0 --
Measured Stiffness (MPa) @ 15 s
8 0 --
Measured Stiffness (MPa) @ 30 s
8 0 --
Measured Stiffness (MPa) @ 60 s
8 0 --
Measured Stiffness (MPa) @ 120 s
8 0 --
ASCII File Format for TE-BBR Data Files (.dat)
Table 8: ASCII File Format
Field Width
Places
Format
Page 83
72
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
Decimal
Measured Stiffness (MPa) @ 240 s
8 0 --
Force (mN) @ 8 s
8 1 --
Force (mN) @ 15 s
8 1 --
Force (mN) @ 30 s
8 1 --
Force (mN) @ 60 s
8 1 --
Force (mN) @ 120 s
8 1 --
Force (mN) @ 240 s
8 1 --
Confidence Test Results (MPa)
10 0 --
Load Constant (g)
10 6 --
Deflection Constant (mm)
10 6 --
Soak Time (minutes)
5 0 --
Deflection (mm) @ 8 s
7 3 --
Deflection (mm) @ 15 s
7 3 --
Deflection (mm) @ 30 s
7 3 --
Deflection (mm) @ 60 s
7 3
Deflection (mm) @ 120 s
7 3
Deflection (mm) @ 240 s
7 3
Regression coefficient A
11 6
Regression coefficient B
11 6
Regression coefficient C
11 6
Field Width
Places
Format
Page 84
CANNON Instrument Company | Appendix 1 – Test Reports
73
TE-BBR Sample Data
Select Report or Graph from View menu options. Refer to Figure 30 and Figure 31.
Figure 30: Report View
Page 85
74
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
Figure 31: Graph View
Page 86
75
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
Appendix 2 – Technical Note 0306131
Caution: This procedure requires access to the instrument’s internal
BBR Motor Stirrer Installation
This technical note describes the procedure for installing the replacement motor stirrer (p/n 44.0610)
for the Thermoelectric Bending Beam Rheometer.
components. Follow all instructions carefully. Use appropriate procedures to
prevent damage to ESD-sensitive components. Prior to beginning procedure,
remove power from the TE-BBR unit heat exchanger supply.
Tools Required: Philips #2 screwdriver, two open-end wrenches (1/2” and 9/16”), stubby #2 Phillips,
large common screwdriver, TE-BBR Motor Stirrer (p/n 44.0610)
Figure 32: TE-BBR Motor Stirrer/Plate and AC Power Connector
Install Procedure
1. Drain the TE-BBR bath and remove the Load Frame, bath cover, stirrer and stirrer grid from the
instrument.
2. Carefully turn the TE-BBR unit upside down to access the bottom panel.
Page 87
76
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
Caution:The TE-BBR is heavy. Obtain assistance for this procedure. Use
appropriate safety precautions when lifting.
All panels are connected to the TE-BBR components by wiring. Do not
disconnect wiring. Avoid contact with internal electrical components during the
procedure.
3. Remove the four Phillips screws securing the bottom motor mounting plate to the TE-BBR frame.
4. Cut the two wires to the motor stirrer and remove the motor and plate. Refer to Figure 32.
5. Slide the wires from the new motor stirrer through the grommet.
6. Ensure that the wires have been inserted through the grommet (step 6). Then attach the wires to #1
and #2 on the new connector. Refer to Figure 33.
Figure 33: Motor Stirrer Wiring Diagram
7. Orient the bottom plate in its original position on the bath and reattach the new connector to the
AC power connection with the flathead screws previously removed. Be careful not to pinch the wires
between TE-BBR components as this can damage the wire insulation.
8. Reattach the front and rear panels using the screws previously removed.
9. Return the instrument to its upright position and replace the bath stirrer, stirrer grid, bath liquid,
Load Frame and bath cover. The motor stirrer installation is complete.
Please contact CANNON for a return authorization (RA) to return the old motor and plate assembly.
Page 88
77
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
Appendix 3 – Technical Note 0611091
Description
Part Number
Quantity
Binder with Calibration Certificates
93.2021
1
6-32 ½-inch Phillips flat-head screws
01.0920
2
6-32 3/8-inch Phillips flat-head
Support, Crack Seal
44.0659
2
Adaptor, Support, Crack Seal
44.0660
2
Thin beam assembly for Crack Seal
New ½” thick beam for Crack Seal
Application Note 0611091-Crack Seal
Caution: Turn off TE-BBR and remove MAINS power from the instrument heat
BBR Crack Seal Option Installation
This technical note describes the procedure for installing the Crack Seal Option (p/n 44.0675) for the
Thermoelectric Bending-Beam Rheometer. Refer to Table 9 for components of the Crack Seal kit.
Table 9: BBR Crack Seal Kit Components (p/n 44.0675)
exchanger power supply before beginning procedure. Instrument is heavy, use
two or more people for this procedure.
1. Disconnect the Load Frame from the Control Unit. Remove the four bayonet signal connectors and
the two air line connections at the rear of the Load Frame.
Page 89
78
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
2. On a lab table or bench, place two 16" high boxes or two 16" high stacks of books approximately 8"
apart.
3. Carefully lift the Load Frame out of the TE-BBR bath. While maintaining the Load Frame in its vertical
position, transfer it to the table and orient so that the Load Frame is suspended in its vertical
position on the 16" supports. Refer to Figure 34. Clean and dry the Frame.
Figure 34: Supported Load Frame
4. Using the stubby flat blade screwdriver, remove the four screws/washers securing the twin beam
supports to the base of the Load Frame. The screws are located on the underside of the Load Frame.
Refer to Figure 35.
Figure 35: Load Frame Supports
5. Set the screws/washers removed in Step 3 aside. Remove the old beam supports from the Load
Frame.
Page 90
CANNON Instrument Company | Appendix 3 – Technical Note 0611091
79
6. Set the two interchangeable replacement beam supports/adapters on the base of the Load Frame in
place of the beam supports previously removed.
7. Secure the new beam support/adapters to the Load Frame using the screws/washers previously
removed, in the same orientation as the previous supports. The groove for temperature probe
should be oriented toward the rear of the Load Frame.
8. Ensure that the thin beam assembly and the thick beam can fit in the cut-out area on the (lower)
Crack Seal beam support. Refer to Figure 36. If they cannot be seated properly, loosen the screws
securing the beam support to the Load Frame and take advantage of any "play" to readjust the
position of the supports until the beam(s) can be correctly positioned.
Figure 36: Crack Seal Option Installation (note probe location and cut-out area for beam placement)
9. If necessary/desired, secure the beam support adapter (for asphalt beam testing) to the beam
support using the ½” flathead Phillips screws provided. Otherwise, install the shorter 3/8" Phillips
screws to the bottom beam support to prevent debris from plugging the hole. Refer to Figure 37.
Figure 37: Crack Seal Option Installation with Adaptor for Normal Asphalt Beam BBR Operation
Page 91
80
TE-BBR Instruction and Operation Manual
10. Return the Load Frame and bath fluid to the TE-BBR bath per safety-approved procedures. Refer to
section Prepare the Temperature Bath for instructions. The Crack Seal Option installation is
complete.
Do NOT use the new Crack Seal thick beam and/or the Crack Seal thin beam adapter assembly when the
Support Adapter (upper member) is installed. The new components are only used for
calibration/verification for the Crack Seal test. These new components are designed to rest on the Crack
Seal Support (lower member).
To calibrate the TE-BBR for the normal asphalt test, use the thick and thin beams provided with the
instrument.
Page 92
CANNON INSTRUMENT COMPANY®
2139 High Tech Road | State College, PA 16803 | USA
800-676-6232 | 814-353-8000 | Fax: 814-353-8007
sales@cannoninstrument.com | cannoninstrument.com
Loading...
+ hidden pages
You need points to download manuals.
1 point = 1 manual.
You can buy points or you can get point for every manual you upload.