Cannon miniPV User Manual
Foreword:
SECTION 1:
miniPV Function:
miniPV Addendum
Thank you for purchasing the miniPV viscometer-part of the popular
CANNON minAV family. This ADDENDUM to the current miniAV
Instruction & Operational Manual is intended to provide the operator
with information on the few operational differences between the miniAV
and the miniPV. Please note the following sections of the miniAV
manual where users of the miniPV will need to refer to this
addendum.
• Section 1 Introduction
• Section 1 Measuring Viscosity
• Section 1 Specifications
• Section 2 Testing Samples
• Section 4 VISCPRO Polymer Equations
• Section 4 View Analysis
• Section 6 Analysis Configuration Options
• Section 7 Sample Data Table
The miniPV is a fully automated kinematic viscometer specially
designed to handle the unique needs of polymer analysis laboratories
for viscosity determination of polymer solutions. The miniPV instrument
may be used for determination of the relative, inherent, and reduced
viscosity of polymers. Viscosity and Intrinsic values can also be
reported and the intrinsic viscosity can be determined by two singlepoint methods or the more rigorous Huggins-Kraemer analysis. At the
core of the instrument resides the miniAV foundation-providing a
familiar system and software user interface. The miniPV differs from the
miniAV in the following ways:
• Special coating
• Analysis
• Software
•
Measuring Viscosity:
Units of measure
Methodology
NOTES
Inherent viscosity
Relative viscosity (ήr), a prήimary concern in the polymer industry,
is determined from kinematic viscosity by factoring in the density
of the solvent and materials in solution and comparing the
resulting absolute viscosity of the solution with the absolute
viscosity of pure solvent. ASTM D 2857 states that relative
viscosity is “the ratio of the viscosity of the solution, ή, to the
viscosity of the solvent, ήs, that is, ήr = ή/ήs .”
As a ratio, relative viscosity is a unitless measurement.
ASTM Method D 2857 describes the appropriate test methodology
for determination of relative viscosity.
ASTM D 2857 states that “the kinetic energy correction constant is
negligible for the recommended viscometers and efflux times.” For
this reason, a default value of zero is assigned for E if the MiniPV
viscometer tube/bulb has not been calibrated.
C a l i b r a t i o n i s s t r o n g l y r e c o m m en d e d t o e n s u r e the highest precision w h e n
measuring relative viscosity. Calibration is required for accurate determination
of absolute viscosity. However, it is not necessary to calibrate if measuring
dilute solutions in the same bulb in which the solvent “blank” has been
analyzed.
Inherent viscosity (ή
the relative viscosity (hr) to the mass concentration of the polymer
) is the ratio of the natural logarithm (ln) of
inh
Reduced viscosity
Inherent viscosity
(c) in g/cm3, g/dl or g/ml , as expressed by the equation: ή
ήr/c.
Calculation of reduced viscosity is accomplished by first obtaining
the relative viscosity increment, ήi, (the ratio of the difference
between the viscosities of solution and solvent to the viscosity of
the solvent alone, as determined by the formula ήi = (ή- ήs)/ ήs)
and then relating that value to the mass concentration of the
polymer (c) using the formula ή = ήi/c.
Intrinsic viscosity is the limiting value of the reduced viscosity or
the inherent viscosity at infinite dilution of the polymer. This value
is calculated per ASTM D 2857 by extrapolation of viscosity
versus concentration for several solution concentrations. Intrinsic
viscosity calculations performed by VISCPRO yield a value in dl/g
(deciliters per gram). The Billmeyer and Solomon-Ciuta equations
for single-point intrinsic viscosity calculation may also be used.
inh
= ln
Specifications:
SECTION 2:
Testing Samples:
miniPV: 254 mm wide x 437 mm deep x 598 mm high (10 x 17.2 x 23.5”)
Power Supply: 330 mm wide x 396 mm deep x 172 mm high (13 x 15.6 x 6.8”)
Weight: miniPV bath unit: 27 kg (45 lbs); Power Supply: 12 kg (26 lbs);
Waste Receiver: 6 kg (13 lbs)
Shipping Weight: 72 kg (159 lbs) with all units/accessories
Operating Conditions: 15°-30°c, 10%-90% RH non-condensing, Installation Category II,
Pollution degree 2
Fuse Rating: 115V & 100V Units: M250V 8A, 1.25 X 0.25”; 230V Unit: M
250V 4A, 1.25 X 0.25”
Compliance: CE Mark Pending: EMC directive (89/336/EEC); Low voltage directive
(73/23/EEC); HI-POT (1900 VDC, 60 sec.)
Computer Computer not included, Please contact CANNON for
Requirements: specifications.
The following sample testing actions may be selected by right-clicking
your mouse on the desired sample ID from the Instrument View window:
No action
Determine Solution Relative Viscosity
Determine Blank (Solvent) Viscosity
Determine Solvent Viscosity
Verify Known RV
Measure Kinematic Viscosity
Verify Known KV
No action If No action is selected, all information for that sample position will
be cleared and that carousel position will not be tested.
Determine Solution RV If Determine Solution Relative Viscosity is selected
as the test option for a sample, the Polymer Sample Measurement Options
window will open, permitting data entry of relevant parameters for the
determination of RV. For information on data entry options,
Determine Solvent Viscosity If Determine Solvent Viscosity is selected as
the test option for a sample, the Polymer Sample Measurement Options
window will open,
Verify Known KV/RV If Verify Known RV (relative viscosity) or Verify Known
KV (kinematic viscosity) are selected as the test option for a sample, the
Polymer Sample Measurement Options window will include a new data entry
field, RV or Check Standard Viscosity, which permits the user to enter
the known RV or KV of the sample: This information will permit the VISCPRO
software to compare calculated RV or KV values with known values to
determine the accuracy of current calibration and machine performance.
Measure Kinematic Viscosity If Measure Kinematic Viscosity is selected as
the test option for a sample, the VISCPRO software will calculate kinematic
viscosity for the sample using the sample drop time and ASTM D 445
formulas.
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