CONTENTS
i
1
2
3
INTRODUCTION 1
Overview ............................................................................................................................ 1
Safety features .................................................................................................................... 3
Operator Safety ................................................................................................................. 3
UNPACKING AND ASSEMBLY 5
Assembly procedure ........................................................................................................... 6
Glass jar installation ........................................................................................................... 6
Inserting viscometer tubes/thermometers........................................................................... 9
Filling the bath.................................................................................................................. 10
Draining the Bath ............................................................................................................. 11
BATH OPERATION 13
Applying power ................................................................................................................ 13
Cold Start.............................................................................................................. 13
Warm Start ............................................................................................................ 14
Self-test sequence ............................................................................................................. 14
Front panel operations ...................................................................................................... 16
Using the keypad .................................................................................................. 17
Setting bath temperature................................................................................................... 18
Calibrating the CT-2000 ................................................................................................... 18
MENU options.................................................................................................................. 20
Change to (C/F) .................................................................................................... 20
Bath temperature offsets....................................................................................... 20
Communication options.................................................................................................... 21
Full duplex (point-to-point) connections.............................................................. 23
Half duplex and polled (multi-drop) operations................................................... 23
Commands, queries & responses.......................................................................... 23
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Revision 1.0g—February, 2012; CANNON
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®
CT-2000 Constant Temperature Bath
®
Instrument Company
ii
A
B
C
D
E
APPENDIX A — MODEL CT-2000 PROBLEM ANALYSIS 29
APPENDIX B — CORRECTING SHAFT & IMPELLER
MISALIGNMENT 31
Shaft run-out correction.................................................................................................... 31
APPENDIX C — CHOOSING A TEMPERATURE BATH LIQUID 33
APPENDIX D — CT-2000 SPARE PARTS LIST 35
APPENDIX E — WARRANTY/RETURN INFORMATION 37
Products limited warranty................................................................................................. 37
Reagent and chemical warranty........................................................................................ 37
Returning a product to CANNON®.................................................................................. 38
CANNON
Revision 1.0g—February, 2012; CANNON
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CT-2000 Constant Temperature Bath
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CHAPTER
1
Overview
1
INTRODUCTION
Scope of the manual
The CT-2000
Temperature range
This manual is intended to provide information on the installation,
characteristics and operation of the CANNON
T emperature Bath.
The CANNON® CT-2000 Constant Temperature Bath is designed to
maintain precise temperatures at a wide range of settings for accurate
viscosity measurements. Because of its temperature stability and ease of
use, it is also suitable for any other application where temperatures must
be maintained within hundredths of one degree Celsius.
The CANNON® CT-2000 is designed to maintain temperatures from
10°C to 150°C.
®
CT-2000 Constant
Figure 1: The CT-2000 Constant Temperature Bath
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CT-2000 Constant Temperature Bath
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2
Temperature selection
Temperature stability
Bath description
The CT-2000 offers convenient keypad entry of temperature settings up
to three decimal places over the entire temperature range of the instrument. The bath temperature will remain stable within hundredths of one
degree of the temperature setting.
The CANNON® CT-2000 is capable of maintaining temperatures of 10°C
to 100°C within 0.01°C and temperatures of 101°C to 150°C within
0.03°C or closer. (Temperature stability at or below ambient may vary
depending on the quality of the external cooling unit.)
The bath chamber is a cylindrical clear vessel 300 mm (12 inches) in
diameter and 300 mm (12 inches) high. A stainless steel baffle coated
with white PTFE is located in the center of the bath and provides a
convenient backdrop for viewing viscometers placed in the bath. The top
cover contains seven round holes 51 mm (two inches) in diameter for
insertion of viscometer holders. T wo smaller holes are provided for
thermometers. T win fluorescent lamps provide glare-free illumination of
the bath.
Microprocessor circuitry, functioning in tandem with a pair of heaters
and a stainless steel-encased R TD provides stable and accurate temperature control. A motor -driven stirrer ensures that a uniform temperature is
maintained throughout the bath.
ASTM D 445 specifications
Cooling coil
The bath housing is fabricated from heavy aluminum and coated with a
corrosion-resistant epoxy . The top cover consists of three layers; a
stainless steel top surface, an insulating layer, and a bottom stainless steel
heat reflector.
The CT-2000 temperature control provides the accuracy required by
ASTM D 445 for kinematic viscosity measurements.
A built-in cooling coil, when connected to tap water or a cooling system,
permits operation to 10° Celsius.
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Instrument Company
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Safety features
3
Overheat thermistor
RTD cutoff detection
Liquid-level sensor
Operator Safety
A thermistor in the bath senses any over-temperature fault condition. If
such a condition occurs, all power is removed from the bath heaters until
an operator resets the over-temperature limit circuit.
If the control RTD is disconnected, all power to the bath heaters is cut
off.
Operation of the bath is not possible unless it is filled with liquid to a safe
operating level. A liquid-level sensor prevents the control circuit from
heating the bath until the safe operating level is attained. The bath heaters
are automatically turned off if the bath liquid drops below the minimum
safe level.
All technicians who use the CT-2000 should follow these basic safety
procedures:
Use appropriate safety precautions for working with high-tempera-
ture liquids/equipment.
Follow instructions in this manual regarding use and maintenance of
the CT-2000.
Do not place the CT-2000 system on an unstable cart or stand. The
CT-2000 should be placed on a stable laboratory table or bench.
If any liquids are spilled into the electronic components of the CT-
2000, remove power from the unit and contact CANNON
ment Company immediately .
®
Instru-
Do not position power cords so that they are likely to be walked on
or pinched by items placed on or against them. Keep all connections
as neat as possible.
If the CT-2000 will not be used for an extended period of time,
unplug the power cord from the wall outlet. To disconnect the power
cord, pull it out by the plug. Never pull the cord itself.
CAUTION
CAUTION The bath fluid used with the CT-2000 may be dangerous. Use the proper
Do not attempt to service the CT-2000 system beyond the basic installation and troubleshooting guides provided with this manual. Contact
CANNON® Instrument Company regarding service and repair needs.
safety precautions when handling the bath fluid in use (refer to the
Material Safety Data Sheet included with the bath fluid for more detail.)
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CT-2000 Constant Temperature Bath
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®
CT-2000 Constant Temperature Bath
®
Instrument Company
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CHAPTER
2
Unpacking the CT-2000
5
UNPACKING AND ASSEMBLY
This chapter of the manual provides assistance in unpacking and assembling the CT-2000 Constant Temperature Bath.
1. Remove all components from the shipping container(s).
2. Remove any and all packing materials (Styrofoam, etc.) from the
components.
Damaged items
3. Verify reception of shipped materials by comparing equipment items
with packing/parts list(s). Report missing items to CANNON
Instrument Company immediately .
4. Inspect each component for signs of damage. Report damages to the
shipper and to the CANNON
Retain all packing materials until the instrument is connected and functioning properly . If any component(s) must be returned to CANNON
Instrument Company, the damaged item(s) should be packaged in the
original shipping container. Refer to APPENDIX E of this manual for
instructions on returning defective equipment. Customers outside the
United States should contact the local CANNON® agent for procedures
on returning products to CANNON® .
The CANNON® CT-2000 Constant Temperature Bath is shipped in
several boxes containing the following:
®
Instrument Company immediately.
®
®
bath housing, including the electronics drawer
motor and stirrer, including the impeller and mounting plate
glass bath jar Allen wrench
front glass panel pieces (2) seven hole covers
jar gasket top and bottom rubber thermometer holder
instruction manual
The bath unit housing is shipped completely assembled. However, the
glass jar, the glass panels, and the motor and stirrer must be installed. To
allow this, some disassembly of the bath unit housing is required. The
tools required are a utility knife, Phillips screwdriver, and a 1/8" Allen
wrench. The Allen wrench is included with the bath.
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6
Assembly procedure
1. Unpack the bath unit housing
and move it to its permanent
location on a stable laboratory bench or table.
2. Remove all eight screws from
the stainless steel top covers
(see Figure 2).
3. Disconnect all external
cabling (probes, heaters, and
float switch) from the upper
rear panel of the CT-2000.
4. Remove the front top cover and rear top cover (see Figures 3 and 4).
Use caution when removing the rear top cover because the temperature control probes and heating elements are attached to it.
Figure 2: Detaching top cover
Glass jar installation
1. Remove the glass jar from its box.
WARNING
Revision 1.0g—February, 2012; CANNON
The glass jar is heavy. Use caution when lifting it.
2. Make sure the rubber
3. Place the rubber gasket
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Figure 3: Removing
front top cover
support ring is seated
properly around the
bottom jar opening in the
bath unit (see Figure 5).
around the top rim of the
jar (see Figure 6). The
®
CT-2000 Constant Temperature Bath
®
Figure 4: Removing
back top cover
Figure 5: Seating the support ring
Instrument Company
rubber may have to be
trimmed slightly to allow the
ends of the rubber gasket to
meet with no gap when
placed around the rim.
4. Remove the large piece of
foam packing from the inside
of the cabinet. Also remove
the small piece of foam from
the float level, located on the
upper left-hand corner of the
inside of the cabinet.
7
5. Lower the glass jar into the
Figure 6: Seating the gasket
cabinet so it seats evenly on
the rubber support ring.
6. Unwrap the two glass
panels. Place the thinner of
the two pieces of glass in the
slot closest to the jar (see
Figure 7).
7. Place the wider (tempered)
piece of glass in the front
slot furthest away from the
jar. The middle slot is left
empty as a vapor barrier.
8. Replace the rear top cover.
Figure 7: Placing inner glass panel
Align the four holes, then
insert and tighten the screws.
9. Replace the front top cover . Line up the four holes, then insert and
tighten the screws.
10. To ensure that the gasket forms a tight seal with the top covers of the
bath, proceed as follows:
11. Loosen the IEC lock screw securing the AC power cord to the rear
panel of the electronics drawer. Then unplug all three cables (AC
power, rectangular Cinch connector and round Amp connector) from
the rear of the electronics drawer.
12. Pull out the electronics drawer using the handles provided on the
front of the unit. Press down or pull up on the plastic release bars on
either side of the drawer track to release the drawer, then pull the
drawer completely free of the unit and set it aside.
13. When the drawer is removed, locate the four ¼-20 set screws visible
at the top of the drawer opening underneath the bath.
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8
14. Turn the set screws clockwise with the Allen wrench (included with
the bath) until the top of the jar forms a tight seal with the covers.
Make sure you tighten the set screws uniformly so the jar remains
level.
15. Run the AC cord through the rear panel opening.
16. Replace the drawer in the slide tracks and push the drawer back into
its opening. Insert the two power plugs into the rear of the drawer
assembly.
Motor-stirrer
NOTE
Complete the assembly of the bath by inserting the motor-stirrer per the
instructions below:
1. T ake the motor/stirrer from
its box. Remove the two
screws on the top heater
housing and lift off the
housing (see Figure 8).
2. Check the motor-stirrer
impeller blades to make
sure that the flat sections
all lie in the same plane
(see APPENDIX B), then
insert the motor stirrer into
the opening provided (see
Figure 9).
Figure 8: Removing heater housing
To avoid accidental bending of
the motor shaft, do not hold the
motor assembly by the shaft.
Use care when inserting the
motor shaft and impeller to
prevent damage to delicate
components. Two screws
located on either side of the
opening for the motor stirrer
serve as locating pins for the
motor support pad. Do not
remove these screws; the
holes in the pad fit loosely over
their heads. The motor line
cord should point toward the
rear of the bath (offset slightly
to the right or left). The motor
stirrer should now lie flat on the
top of the bath.
Figure 9: Installing motor-stirrer
3. Connect all plugs and probes to the correspondingly labeled sockets
at the rear of the CT-2000 bath unit as follows (see Figure 10):
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CT-2000 Constant Temperature Bath
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Figure 10: CT-2000
electrical connections
PREHEAT cable to PREHEAT socket
CONTROL HEATER cable to CONTROL HEATER socket
FAN cable to FAN socket
MOTOR STIRRER cable to MOTOR socket
CONTROL PROBE cable to CONTROL PROBE socket
OVER TEMP cable to OVER TEMP socket
LEVEL FLOAT CABLE to LEVEL FLOAT socket
9
4. Reattach the top heater housing, making sure that the heater, motor,
and fan cords pass through the left-hand opening (as viewed from the
rear) and that the control probe, over-temperature probe, and level
switch cords exit from the right opening (as viewed from the rear).
The back lip on the rear top cover fits into the slot on the top heater
housing. Line up the holes, insert screws, and tighten.
5. Adjust the four feet on the bottom of the bath housing to level the
bath jar. This should be done prior to filling the bath with fluid.
6. Plug the CT-2000 main power cord at the back of the electronics
drawer into an outlet with electrical specifications matching the label
on the rear of the instrument.
Inserting viscometer tubes/thermometers
The top cover of the CT-2000 contains seven apertures, 51 mm (2") in
diameter, for the insertion of viscometer tube holders. Two additional
holes are provided for insertion of thermometers.
Inserting viscometer tubes
Remove the viscometer tube cover(s) from the top of the bath and
carefully place the viscometer tube(s), with the proper holder attached,
into the bath through the aperture(s) in the top cover. The viscometer tube
should be inserted to a depth which ensures that the liquid under test and/
or any timing marks are a minimum of 6 mm (¼") below the top level of
the liquid.
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10
Thermometer immersion
Filling the bath
CAUTION
Proper thermometer immersion is critical for viscosity measurements.
Even a calibrated thermometer will read incorrectly if is it improperly
immersed in the bath. “T otal immersion” kinematic viscosity thermometers should be used with the bulb and only the mercury column beneath
the surface of the liquid, but with the emergent stem above the surface at
ambient temperatures.
Make sure that the bath is placed in
its intended final position before
adding bath fluid. The CT-2000
should not be moved with bath fluid
in the bath jar. NEVER USE FLAMMABLE BATH LIQUIDS.
1. Make sure that the instrument
power is OFF and select a bath
liquid appropriate to your operating temperature range (see
APPENDIX C).
Figure 11: Filling the bath
CAUTION
2. Fill the jar with bath liquid at ambient temperature to a level sufficient to engage the float switch. This float permits bath operation
when the minimum amount of fluid has been added to the bath jar.
3. Continue to add fluid until the bath liquid level has risen to approximately 40 mm (1.5") of the top of the jar.
4. Turn the instrument power ON and incrementally heat the bath to
desired control temperature while monitoring the bath liquid level
carefully . The bath level must be 15-20 mm (approximately ½" to
¾") from the top of the jar at the control temperature. If it becomes
apparent that this liquid level will not be achieved, return the bath to
within 10°C of ambient, turn the instrument power OFF and add or
remove liquid as necessary .
5. Repeat step four until you have attained the proper bath liquid level
at the desired control temperature.
Different bath fluids expand at different rates. Do not overfill the bath!
WARNING Monitor the level of bath liquid closely when operating the CT-2000 at
higher temperatures (100-150°C). The bath liquid will expand as the
temperature increases. The CT-2000 bath jar is not designed to contain
liquid under pressure. If the bath is overfilled, liquid may overflow.
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Draining the Bath
11
If it becomes necessary to drain the liquid from the bath:
Obtain a suitable container to hold all of the liquid drained from the bath
(approximately 20-22 liters or 4.5 - 5 gallons). Make sure that the bath
liquid is within 10°C of ambient temperature. Then insert a tube into the
bath chamber from the top opening and siphon the liquid from the bath
into a container positioned lower than the bath.
WARNING
Always use a rubber bulb or similar device to apply suction to a tube
containing bath liquids.
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CT-2000 Constant Temperature Bath
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CT-2000 Constant Temperature Bath
®
Instrument Company
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CHAPTER
13
3
NOTE
Applying power
Caution
NOTE
Cold Start
BATH OPERATION
Different thermometers have different installation requirements. Refer to
the information included with the thermometer in use for specific installation instructions.
Do not power up the CT-2000 without completing the installation requirements. Make sure that the mains voltage specified on the rear identification label matches your mains voltage.
The CT-2000 stores the “last-used” temperature setting in memory, so
that on power-up the bath will attempt to adjust to the last known and
entered temperature.
The Cold Start is the normal start-up mode for the CT-2000. During the
Cold Start process, the CT-2000 will perform several diagnostics (see
Self-Test Sequence, next page). At the conclusion of a successful test
procedure, the results will be briefly displayed on the LCD screen. The
bath heaters will be activated and the Bath Unit will begin controlling
temperature according to the most recent temperature input. The current
bath temperature and the target bath temperature will be visible on the
liquid crystal display (LCD):
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CT-2000 Constant Temperature Bath
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14
TEMPERATURE
Actual Target
20.003 C 100.000 C
HEATING
T o Cold Start the CT-2000, toggle the power BATH switch up. The
POWER lamp should light when bath power has been activated. The
five LED’s in the lower row of keys will blink on and then off, and the
instrument will emit a short “beep” tone.
Bath lighting
Warm Start
T o activate Bath Unit fluorescent lights, toggle the LIGHTS switch up.
The switch lamp indicator will light when power is supplied to the
fluorescent lights.
The Warm Start is the abnormal start-up mode for the bath and it occurs
only if the power was previously off for a period less than about two
seconds, or if a fault was detected in the microprocessor during the selftest sequence (see below). If the CT-2000 Process Function Monitor
senses a momentary or ongoing failure in the system hardware or
software, the heating elements will be shut down and the system will be
reactivated in Warm Start mode. The keypad lights will flash in a repeating pattern and the heater power will be disabled (heating LED will not
light).
The display will show the following:
POWER UP
Warm Start
Consult User’s Guide
Self-test sequence
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If this condition is ever discovered, the BATH power switch should be
turned off. After waiting at least five seconds, turn the BATH power
switch to the ON position and wait for the display to indicate either a
warm or cold start again. If the bath comes up in a cold start condition
and starts its normal self-test sequence, it is possible that a momentary
power interruption caused the warm start condition and no further action
is required. If the bath continues to enter the warm start condition, the
user should consult CANNON® Instrument Company for further assistance.
The CT-2000 start-up includes a self-test procedure encompassing key
components of the system. These tests, which will be displayed on the
LCD during start-up, are described in the following table:
CANNON
®
CT-2000 Constant Temperature Bath
®
Instrument Company
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The following sequence illustrates the LCD for a normal self-test:
Testing Display
Testing 32k RAM ...
ehT.neercs)DCL(yalpsidlatsyrcdiuqilehtfonoitcnufseifireV
Test Passed
Testing Pulse Width
Modulator.....
Test Passed
Testing A/D .....
Calibrating ....OK
Consistency ....OK
Testing Voltage Levels
......
Positive Supply..OK
Negative Supply..OK
Diagnostic Report
All tests PASSED
Entering Normal
Operation
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16
If the self-test sequence is accomplished successfully , the CT-2000 will
commence normal operations.
If any component of the self-test fails, the following message will appear
on the LCD, accompanied by an audible warning tone:
Diagnostics Report
Some Tests FAILED
See Owner's Manual
Press ENTER to go on
The ENTER key will flash in a repeating pattern and the heating LED
will not light (see Warm Start information, page 12). In the event of a
FAILED test, turn off the CT-2000 power for at least five seconds and
restart the unit.
It may be possible to resume normal operation of the CT-2000 following
a failed self-test by pressing the ENTER key . If you do so, the following
LCD message will appear:
CAUTION
A failed self-test may result in flawed operation and damage to the CT-
2000. If the CT-2000 repeatedly fails the self-test sequence, call
CANNON® to arrange for servicing the unit.
Following the self-test, the CT-2000 will enter its normal display condition provided that the RTD temperature sensor is connected properly. If
the R TD sensor is unplugged at any time, the LCD will display a warning
and it will be necessary to reconnect the RTD before proceeding with
normal CT-2000 operations.
Front panel operations
Attempting Normal
Operation
Proceed with CAUTION
The RTD sensor has
been disconnected.
Please reconnect it
to reset the Bath.
NOTE
Following a successful Cold Start, the CT-2000 is ready for instructions
from the user.
Please check bath fluid levels before using the CT-2000 menu commands (see page 10).
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Using the keypad
17
The front panel of the CT-2000 provides a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
screen and a simple keypad interface (see Figure 12).
12).
Figure 12: The CT-2000 front panel
The keypad on the front panel of the CT-2000 consists of fifteen keys:
white numbers 0 through 9
a white decimal point (.) key
a yellow SET TEMP (set temperature) key
a yellow CAL TEMP (calibrate temperature) key
a yellow MENU key an orange ENTER key
The
ENTER
button
Selecting/canceling options
NOTE
Initial options
The keys on the bottom row (non-numerical keys) may illuminate to
assist the operator in selecting key entry options.
Press the appropriate keypad choice(s) firmly to make your selections.
The CT-2000 will signal reception of each keypad command with a short,
high-pitched “beep”. A longer beep indicates a data entry error (unacceptable input), such as a temperature value outside the range of the unit.
The ENTER button is the most-used feature on the CT-2000 keypad. You
must confirm each menu choice and numeric input by pressing this
button.
T o access any of the primary keypad options (SET TEMP, CAL TEMP
and MENU), press the appropriate keypad button once. If you make a
data entry error and wish to cancel your input sequence, press the primary keypad option button again.
If the keypad does not receive user input for five minutes after a primary
option is selected, the instrument will return to the LCD temperature
display screen without saving any changes.
Only three keypad options are enabled when the Cold Start routine is
begun—SET TEMP, CAL TEMP and MENU:
SET TEMP allows user to type in the desired bath temperature
setting. See details below .
CAL TEMP allows user to recalibrate the temperature sensing
mechanism. See Calibrating the CT-2000, page 17).
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CT-2000 Constant Temperature Bath
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18
MENU allows user to change temperature scale (°F-°C), reset
calibration offsets and change other system settings (See Menu
options).
Setting bath temperature
SET TEMP
Correcting data entry errors
Lower temperatures
NOTE
NOTE If a temperature is entered which is outside of the operational tempera-
T o set the bath temperature, choose SET TEMP from the keypad after a
successful Cold Start. The LCD will display a message requesting user
input of the new target temperature. Use the numeral keys to input the
new temperature. You may enter positive numbers from 10°C to 150°C
(50°F. To 302°F.) to three decimal places. Press the ENTER key to save
your data. The bath will attempt to control at the new temperature.
You may reset the temperature at any time.
If you make an error while setting the temperature, press the SET TEMP
key again to exit the data entry screen. Then repeat the SET TEMP
procedure.
When the desired temperature setting is slightly above, or below ambient,
coolant must be circulated through the cooling coil. Input/output connections for the coil are located on the upper portion of the rear panel.
Coolant temperature should be lower than the desired CT-2000 control
temperature.
Extreme temperatures or variability in the temperature of the coolant
liquid may adversely affect CT-2000 temperature control.
ture range of the CT-2000, you will receive a RANGE ERROR message
on the LCD screen. To correct this error, press ENTER and follow the
screen prompts to enter appropriate data.
When the CT-2000 is controlling temperature within one tenth of a
degree, the LCD will display a temperature graph in 5/100ths of a degree
increments at the bottom of the LCD screen. A small “tick” mark above
the graph will provide a visual cue to the exact temperature of the bath
relative to the requested temperature.
TEMPERATURE
Actual Target
40.003 C 40.000 C
-.1 |....|....|....|....|+.1
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Instrument Company
I
Calibrating the CT-2000
The CT-2000 can be calibrated to any temperature reference standard for
any desired Celsius or Fahrenheit temperature. The controls for entering
the target (desired) temperature and the calibration at this temperature are
convenient and largely intuitive. The instrument stores calibration
corrections for every temperature integer.
19
Procedure
NOTE
Use the CAL TEMP keypad option to calibrate the CT-2000 to your
ASTM thermometer for a given temperature.
Before you calibrate, make sure that the bath has stabilized at the
desired test temperature.
1. Set the CT-2000 to the desired test temperature.
2. When the CT-2000 indicates that the instrument is controlling at the
desired temperature, place your thermometer in the bath and wait for
the temperature reading to stabilize (at least 10 minutes).
3. To calibrate, press the CAL TEMP key and enter the thermometer
reading up to three decimal places, subject to the following parameters:
a. A decimal point MAY be included as an entry.
b. The entered temperature must be within the operational tempera-
ture range of the bath. If not, a CALIBRATION ERROR will be
displayed on the LCD.
c. The entered actual temperature must not cause a correction in
temperature greater than ± 2.5°C.
NOTE
Calibration theory
If you make an error while entering a temperature, press the CAL TEMP
key again to cancel the operation, exit the calibration screen and return
to normal CT-2000 operation.
4. When you have completed data entry, press ENTER to store the
calibration data.
5. A new calibration constant has been stored for that test temperature.
6. You may recalibrate for any test temperature at any time.
The CT-2000 stores user calibration information in a “bin” corresponding
to every temperature integer. This calibration adjustment value for the bin
is effective at all temperature ranges within 0.5 degrees of the temperature integer.
The CT-2000 combines user calibration input with readings obtained by
the temperature probe and data from the general bath offset, a protected
menu option, which is preset at the factory by CANNON® Instrument
Company (see the MENU section for more information).
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2139 High Tech Road • State College, PA 16803 • USA
®
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20
MENU options
The MENU selection from the CT-2000 keypad permits the user to
access three functions:
Change to (C/F) Changes screen display to alternate temp. scale
Bath Temp Offsets Globally adjusts calibration data
COM Setup Sets computer communication options
Change to (C/F)
The Change to (Celsius or Fahrenheit) option is essentially a toggle
between two temperature scales. If the instrument is currently displaying
numeric data in degrees Celsius, selecting this option will change the
scale to Fahrenheit, and vice versa.
T o switch from one unit of measure to another, press the MENU key,
press 1 and press ENTER.
KEYP AD SEQUENCE: [MENU] [1] [ENTER]
Bath temperature offsets
Clear bins
T o select a Bath Temperature Offset function, first press the MENU
key, then press 2, and press ENTER.
KEYP AD SEQUENCE: [MENU] [2] [ENTER]
The Bath Temperature Offset option, when selected, displays two
submenus:
Clear Bins Clears all user-input calibration data for
individual bins
Set Gen. Bath Offset Allows global calibration adjustment by
CANNON
In rare instances, it may be desirable to clear all temperature calibrations
and recalibrate each offset. To accomplish this function, select Clear
Bins, then press 1. The LCD will display a warning message ...
ABOUT TO CLEAR ALL
CALIB. CONSTANTS!
ARE YOU SURE?
ENTER-Yes MENU-No
®
CAUTION
The offset values, once cleared, cannot be restored. The instrument may
require recalibration for all offsets to produce reliable data!
T o erase user calibration data for all integer bins, press the ENTER key .
T o escape the Clear Bins screen without altering user calibration data,
press the MENU key.
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2139 High Tech Road • State College, PA 16803 • USA
®
CT-2000 Constant Temperature Bath
®
Instrument Company
21
General Bath Offset
The General Bath Offset is a protected function of the CT-2000. This
option is a global adjustment which is made at the factory by
CANNON®. In rare instances when this setting may need to be altered,
the adjustment should be made in consultation with an authorized CAN-
®
representative.
NON
Communication options
Several communication options between the CT-2000 and your computer
may be configured from the MENU keypad option.
Change Port Speed
This option provides a speed setting for data transfer between the CT2000 and a computer via the RS-232C connection. Select the baud rate
(the default for most software is 9600) in bps (bits per second) from one
of the following options:
1. 1200 4. 19.2k
2. 2400 5. 38.4k
3. 9600
Keypad sequence (from initial LCD temperature display):
Mode
Interface information
Procedure
[MENU] [3] [ENTER] [1] [ENTER] [input speed choice (1-5)]
[ENTER]
The MODE keypad option permits RS-232C or RS-485 communication
options.
The CT-2000 is equipped with a full-duplex RS-232C point-to-point
interface as well as a half-duplex RS-485 network interface. Commands
and Queries may be sent to the CT-2000 via either interface. Responses
and Reports may be received by the master controlling computer.
This interface is configured as 8 data bits with no parity and one stop bit.
The mode of operation, polled (multi-drop) or point-to-point, can only be
configured via the front panel menu.
T o select the MODE option, press 2 from the COM Setup menu.
KEYPAD SEQUENCE (from initial LCD temperature display):
[MENU] [3] [ENTER] [2] [ENTER]
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22
If the CT-2000 was previously configured to operate in a polled (RS-485)
environment, the following will appear on the LCD:
COMMUNICATION MODE
1. Polled
2. Point to Point
(Reports Disabled):1
The last line on the LCD indicates that timed reports are disabled and the
present mode is polled.
In this example, to operate in a point-to-point (RS-232) environment with
or without timed interval reports, you would then press:
[2] [ENTER]
Reports
NOTE
To configure reports, see page 20.
If the CT-2000 is configured to operate in a point-to-point (RS-232)
environment, the following will appear on the LCD when the RS-232
option is enabled:
COMMUNICATION MODE
1. Polled
2. Point to Point
3. Config Reports :2
he last line on the LCD indicates that timed reports may be utilized and
the present mode is point-to-point (:2). In this example, to reset the bath
to a polled environment, you would press:
[1] [ENTER]
The Reports option is accessed from the MODE submenu and is only
enabled when the Point-to-Point mode is selected.
Keypad Sequence (from initial LCD temperature display):
[MENU] [3] [ENTER] [2] [ENTER] [3] [ENTER]
The report is a serial dump of information on the operation of the CT2000 and includes:
instrument address
unit of temperature measurement (C/F)
a time reference
target bath temperature
actual bath temperature (as measured by the bath R TD)
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®
CT-2000 Constant Temperature Bath
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The frequency of temperature sampling for the report (in seconds) can
then be selected from the options on the LCD screen. The report parameters range from a report each second (keypad selection [2] [ENTER])
to a report every two minutes (keypad selection [8] [ENTER]).
23
NOTE
REMINDER
This option may be turned off (selection 1) if there is no computer
connected via the serial line.
The serial connection can only provide time interval reports of the actual
and desired bath temperatures if the CT-2000 is configured in the pointto-point mode of operation. Otherwise, the REPORTS DISABLED
message will appear on your LCD and you will not be able to access
report configuration options until the point-to-point mode is resumed.
Full duplex (point-to-point) connections
The RS-232 interface is furnished for a direct connection between the
CT-2000 and one computer. A DB-25 connector on the rear panel of the
CT-2000 is configured as Data Communication Equipment (DCE). This
configuration permits a direct connection (straight through cable--pins 18, 20).
NOTE
An existing computer’s DB-9 connector may be used with a DB-25
adaptor cable (DB-25 male connector to DB-9 female connector).
Half duplex and polled (multi-drop) operations
The RS-485 interface is provided to permit network connections from
one computer to a multiple number of instruments. A three-wire (with
feed-through) screw terminal connector is located on the CT-2000 rear
panel. A three-conductor cable (two wire shielded preferred) can be
connected to the instrument via this terminal. The computer must have an
RS-232 to RS-485 adaptor plugged into the computer serial port. With
the 3-wire connection in place, the network is capable of supporting up to
16 instruments at cable distances up to a combined total of 4000 feet.
Commands, queries & responses
Basic protocol
With three or more occupants or long distances, termination resistors may
be added to enhance the performance of network operations. Contact
CANNON® Instrument Company for further assistance on more exten-
sive network configurations.
The protocol for the serial interface includes commands and queries sent
by the master controlling computer and responses sent by the CT-2000 in
reply . The CT-2000 may also issue timed interval reports automatically if
configured to do so in the point-to-point mode (see Reports, previous
page). In the polled (multi-drop) mode, specific reports will only be
issued in response to a specific query .
CANNON
Revision 1.0g—February, 2012; CANNON
2139 High Tech Road • State College, PA 16803 • USA
®
CT-2000 Constant Temperature Bath
®
Instrument Company
24
All Commands or Queries must be preceded by the forward slash (/) and
the selected address (0-9 or A-F). Commands are identified with the
letter C and Queries are identified with the letter Q; these identifiers
follow the address and precede the command or query information. All
Commands or Queries must end with a carriage return (R).
For examples of CT-2000 command and query language, consult the
tables on the following pages.
Downloading firmware
NOTE
The CT-2000 is capable of receiving new operational instructions via
either the RS-232 or RS-485 interface. If the CT-2000 firmware is
updated, and a new release issued by CANNON
®
Instrument Company , a
diskette will be sent to the user along with instructions on how to perform
this upgrade.
A “download” push button is located on the rear panel of the CT-2000.
Pressing and holding this button for several seconds places the CT-2000
instrument in the “download” mode.
If the download button is pushed inadvertently, it may be necessary to
restart the CT-2000.
When the CT-2000 is in the download mode, the front LCD panel will
display the version number for the resident download hardware code and
the operational firmware.
CANNON
Revision 1.0g—February, 2012; CANNON
2139 High Tech Road • State College, PA 16803 • USA
®
CT-2000 Constant Temperature Bath
®
Instrument Company
25
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CANNON
Revision 1.0g—February, 2012; CANNON
2139 High Tech Road • State College, PA 16803 • USA
®
CT-2000 Constant Temperature Bath
®
Instrument Company
26
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CANNON
Revision 1.0g—February, 2012; CANNON
2139 High Tech Road • State College, PA 16803 • USA
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®
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CANNON
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®
CT-2000 Constant Temperature Bath
®
Instrument Company
2139 High Tech Road • State College, PA 16803 • USA
CHAPTER
29
A
Fault isolation
APPENDIX A
—
MODEL CT-
2000 PROBLEM ANALYSIS
A successful CT-2000 self-test is an indicator that there are no detectable
errors and checked components are functional . There are certain conditions, however, that cannot be verified by these automatic tests. These
include:
1. V iscosity of the bath liquid.
2. T emperature probe installation
3. Motor-stirrer functionality
4. T emperature probe functionality
5. Heater operation
Problems with the first three items listed above may cause incorrect
temperature stability. If items 4-5 fail, the bath may be non-operational.
For assistance in troubleshooting your CT-2000 consult the troubleshooting guide below. If you are unable to resolve the difficulty, call
CANNON® Instrument Company for assistance.
Problem Possible cause/solution
Bath does not appear to have power. • Power cable not connected to outlet or rear of
electrical drawer. Attach cables.
• Power cord unplugged. Attach cord to
appropriate outlet (see electrical requirements
on CT-2000 rear panel).
• Power out on mains. Restore power.
Bath illumination not functioning. • Separate switch for LIGHT must be on.
• Fluorescent lamps may be defective. Replace.
• Lamps may be out of sockets. Tighten lamps.
• Lamp ballast may be defective. Replace.
• Ballast Power Supply may not be working
properly. Replace.
Bath liquid not agitated. • Stirring motor not functioning. Check connection
of stirring motor on rear panel. Visually check
for working motor by connecting to outlet
with the proper voltage (see motor label for
correct voltage).
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Problem Possible cause/solution
Bath does not heat. • Sensors not operational. Check connections for
sensors on rear panel.
• Temperature set lower than current bath
temperature. Check temperature setting — it
must be above existing bath temperature for
heat to go on.
• Bath fluid level may be too low. Add fluid per
manual instructions.
Bath control outside of specific limits. • Bath fluid viscosity may be too high (if the fluid
is too viscous at the desired temperature the
stirring will be inadequate, resulting in poor
control).
• Stirring motor or impeller may not be operating
properly. Check stirring motor and impeller.
• Faulty RTD probe. Remove control RTD probe
plug and check resistance with an ohmmeter
(approx. 100W at room temperature).
Bath top surface temperature too high. • Defective fan. Check cooling fan on rear panel
and in top assembly.
Air bubbles in bath fluid. • Level of fluid may be too low. Add fluid per
manual instructions.
• Stirring impeller may be on shaft with the wrong
orientation. See APPENDIX B.
• Bath fluid may be too viscous for operation at
this temperature. Replace with appropriate fluid.
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Instrument Company
CHAPTER
31
B
Set Screw Alignment
APPENDIX B
—
CORRECTING
SHAFT & IMPELLER
MISALIGNMENT
Motor-stirrer units supplied by CANNON® Instrument Company are
checked after assembly to ensure minimum run-out (deviation from
concentric rotation) at the impeller end of the shaft. The following
instructions are intended to assist those who may be experiencing excessive vibration in the motor-stirrer because of shaft run-out or misalignment of the impeller blades.
The motor shaft contains a flat area. The coupling should be oriented in such
a way that the set screw is aligned with the flat. The stirrer shaft and motor
shaft should be inserted to approximately the same length in the coupling.
You can test for shaft run-out and impeller blade alignment by placing
the motor on a soft surface with impeller facing up.
Connect the motor to the appropriate AC power source and observe the
impeller and shaft. If run-out is severe, the motor will vibrate and the
shaft will flutter noticeably . The impeller will appear blurred if the
impeller blades are not in the same plane.
If necessary , adjust the impeller blades by bending the lar ge horizontal
sections of each of the four segments so that they lie in the same plane.
Since these segments are easily bent, check alignment whenever the
impeller is bumped, or if there is any suspicion that the blade segments
may have become misaligned.
Shaft run-out correction
The following procedure is suggested to correct shaft run-out:
1. Remove the motor-stirrer from the CT-2000 bath.
2. Grasp the motor firmly with the left hand.
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32
3. Touch the tip of a soft crayon (such as a glass marking pencil)
momentarily to the side of the shaft near the impeller end while the
motor is running. The mark produced by the crayon will be evident
as a line part way around the shaft.
4. Unplug the motor, hold the motor tightly against the body, and grasp
the shaft in the right hand.
5. Bend the shaft away from the line segment on the shaft.
6. Repeat the test procedure, marking the shaft at a location slightly
removed from the first crayon mark.
7. If the mark appears at the same side of a shaft as the first mark and is
about the same length, the bending was not great enough to alter the
condition and should be repeated with more force applied. If the
mark has shifted to the opposite side, the force was too great and the
shaft must be bent back with less force to correct the situation.
This is a trial-and-error process which usually must be repeated several
times. When the crayon makes a line at least two-thirds of the way
around the shaft, the run-out has diminished to an acceptable level. A
uniform line completely around the shaft would indicate no run-out
detectable by this procedure.
CANNON
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®
CT-2000 Constant Temperature Bath
®
Instrument Company
CHAPTER
33
C
APPENDIX C
—
CHOOSING A
TEMPERATURE BATH LIQUID
The ideal bath liquid would possess low viscosity , high heat capacity, and
low vapor pressure over a wide range of temperatures. In addition, the
liquid should have a very high flash point and be relatively low in cost. If
the fluid is to be used in a kinematic viscosity bath where it is necessary
to view the instruments through the bath liquid, then it is important for
the liquid to be clear and without color. Unfortunately, no single fluid
meets all these requirements. When selecting a fluid, keep the following
guidelines in mind.
DIUQILHTABLAEDIEHT
ytisocsiV
.htabehtnistneidargerutarepmet
etanimileylevitceffenacgnirritsetaredomtahtoswolebdluohS
taeH
Because no single fluid can be used at all possible bath temperatures, the
choice of a suitable fluid must begin by establishing the temperature
range over which the bath will be operated. The following is a list of
operating temperature ranges and bath liquids suitable for use in these
ranges:
ac
yticapaC
r
ytilitaloV
.yticapactaehemasehttuobaevahlliwsdiulf
htabrofseciohctsom,retawfonoitpecxeehthtiW.yticap
tneuqerferomeriuqerlliwerusserpropavwolahtiwdiuqilA
htabehttanoitaropavedipar,eromrehtruF.tnemhsinelpe
)C°051otC°01(SNOITPODIULFHTAB0002-TC
)C°(egnaRerutarepmeT sdiuqiLhtaBelbatiuS
C°02otC°01
01
C°06otC°
senociliS
)tSc1,diulf002woD(
ytisocsiV-woL,lohoclAlyporposI
senociliS,sliOytisocsiVwoL,retaW
taehhgihahtiwdiparsselerahtabehtnisegnahcerutarepmeT
.tluciffideromlortnocgnikam,tceffegniloocasecudorpecafrus
C°531otC°06
1
C°05
otC°531
CANNON
Revision 1.0g—February, 2012; CANNON
2139 High Tech Road • State College, PA 16803 • USA
®
CT-2000 Constant Temperature Bath
®
Instrument Company
ihW
ulf002woD(senociliSSc02,di)t
FBI,rotibihninoitadixohtiwsliOet
)tSc02,diulf002woD(senociliS,liO
34
IBF Bath Oil
Silicone fluids
Water
Refined white oils
IBF Bath Oil contains an oxidation inhibitor which reduces tendency to
darken at higher temperatures. Viscosity is 36 cSt at 40°C, 5.6 cSt at
100°C. This oil is available from CANNON® (catalogue # 9726-L20).
Silicone fluids are available in a wide range of viscosities and can be
used over a wide range of temperatures. However, silicones are also
relatively expensive liquids. Also, a bath containing silicones requires
extra care when used for capillary viscometry. If silicones are introduced
into a viscometer capillary, its calibration factor will be altered by a
significant amount.
Water is almost the ideal fluid in the temperature range in which it can be
used. Because in some cases there is a tendency for algae formation,
some degree of water treatment may be necessary . Water can be used at
temperatures close to the boiling point, but water replenishment to offset
evaporation becomes a nuisance and the hot vapor can make working
above the bath uncomfortable. Also, it may be dif ficult to establish
optimum control at elevated temperatures because of the rapid cooling
resulting from surface evaporation.
Refined white oils (paraffin oils) of relatively low viscosity can be used
at temperatures above the level at which water becomes unsatisfactory .
Because these oils will turn faintly yellow and continue to darken with
prolonged exposure to heat, we recommend adding an oxidation inhibitor
to retard discoloration. The addition of an inhibitor will prolong the
useful life of the oil, but it will eventually become as dark as untreated
oil.
The search for more suitable bath oils is unending. Hydrogenated vegetable oils, coconut oil, synthetic oils, and certain chemical compounds
have been used with some success at various temperatures.
CANNON
Revision 1.0g—February, 2012; CANNON
2139 High Tech Road • State College, PA 16803 • USA
®
CT-2000 Constant Temperature Bath
®
Instrument Company
CHAPTER
35
D
APPENDIX D
Following is a list of parts for the CT-2000 which may be ordered from
CANNON
Part Number Description
P20.1 PYREX JAR 12 X 12
P20.22 THERMOMETER HOLDER (RUBBER)
P22.26 JAR TOP GASKET
P22.39 HOLE COVERS & THERM HOLDER SET
P22.40 JAR SUPPORT GASKET
P25.3190 OVER-TEMP PROBE
P27.1260 SOCKET LAMP
P27.1300 FLUORESCENT LAMP
P27.1310 LAMINA TED SAFETY GLASS
P27.1320 PLATE GLASS
P27.2280 BALLAST SOLID ST A TE
P27.2330 15 AMP CIRCUIT BREAKER 120V
P27.2331 8 AMP CIRCUIT BREAKER 240V
P27.5110 FRONT BA TH COVER W/ROUND HOLES
P27.5250 PTFE COA TED BAFFLE, WHITE
P27.5260 COOLING COIL (SS)
P27.5270 HEATER 700W 120V
P27.5271 HEATER 700W 240V
P27.5290 HEATER 400W 120V
P27.5291 HEATER 400W 240V
P27.8037 CONTROL PROBE R TD 100
P27.5410.1 LEVEL SWITCH
P27.6100 MOTOR STIRRER 120V
P27.6101 MOTOR STIRRER 240V
P27.6121 SILICONE SPONGE MOTOR SUPPOR T P AD
P27.4120 VENT SHROUD (optional)
P51.1432 LIGHTED SWITCH ROCKER 120V
P51.1433 LIGHTED SWITCH ROCKER 240V
P62.1338 SOLID ST A TE RELA Y 25A
®
Instrument Company.
—
CT-2000 SPARE
PARTS LIST
CANNON
Revision 1.0g—February, 2012; CANNON
2139 High Tech Road • State College, PA 16803 • USA
®
CT-2000 Constant Temperature Bath
®
Instrument Company
36
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CANNON
Revision 1.0g—February, 2012; CANNON
®
CT-2000 Constant Temperature Bath
®
Instrument Company
2139 High Tech Road • State College, PA 16803 • USA
CHAPTER
37
APPENDIX E
E
Products limited warranty
In addition to other manufacturers’ warrantees, CANNON® Instrument
Company (“the Company”) warrants all products (other than reagents
and chemicals) delivered to and retained by their original purchasers to
be free from defect in material and workmanship for one year from the
date of the Company’s invoice to the purchaser. For a period of one year
from the date of such invoice, the Company will correct, either by repair
or replacement at the Company’s sole election, any defect in material or
workmanship (not including defects due to misuse, abuse, abnormal
conditions or operation, accident or acts of God, or to service or modification of the product without prior authorization of the Company)
without charge for parts and labor. The determination of whether any
product has been subject to misuse or abuse will be made solely by the
Company.
—
WARRANTY/
RETURN INFORMATION
The Company shall not be liable for any special, incidental, or consequential damages, or any damage to plant, personnel, equipment or
products, directly or indirectly resulting from the use or misuse of any
product. Representations and warranties made by any person, including
dealers and representatives of the Company , which are inconsistent, in
conflict with, or in excess of the terms of this warranty shall not be
binding upon the Company unless placed in writing and approved by an
officer of the Company.
Reagent and chemical warranty
CANNON® Instrument Company (“the Company”) warrants all reagents
and chemicals sold by the Company and delivered to and retained by
their original purchasers to conform to the weight, specifications and
standards stated on the package. The Company will, at its sole option,
either replace or refund the price (net of freight, handling charges and
taxes), of any reagent or chemical sold by the Company which does not
conform to such weight, specifications and standards upon the prompt
return of the unused portion. Except for replacement or refund of the net
price, the Company shall not be liable for any damages occurring as a
consequence of the failure of any reagent or chemical sold by the Company to conform to the weight, specifications and standards stated on the
package.
CANNON
Revision 1.0g—February, 2012; CANNON
2139 High Tech Road • State College, PA 16803 • USA
®
CT-2000 Constant Temperature Bath
®
Instrument Company
38
Returning a product to
Procedure
Before returning a CANNON® product for repair or service, make every
attempt to identify the problem. If, after careful checking, the problem
remains unidentified or unsolved, telephone CANNON
Company (or the local service agent) to consult with a product specialist.
If the specialist cannot recommend a simple solution or repair, CAN-
®
will authorize the return of the product through the issuance of a
NON
Return Authorization number (RA).
Products returned to CANNON
to the following address:
Please include the following:
CANNON
CANNON
®
®
®
Instrument
Telephone Number 814-353-8000
CANNON® Fax Number 814-353-8007
®
must be carefully packed. Ship prepaid
CANNON Instrument Company
A TTN: Return Authorization # __________
2139 High Tech Road
State College, PA 16803 USA
Required information
Hazardous materials
Shipping notification
• The Return Authorization number (RA).
• The name and telephone number of the person at your company to
contact regarding the product.
• Shipping and billing instructions for the return of the product to your
location.
• A detailed explanation of the reason for the return.
If the product is not covered by warranty , the customer will be provided
with an estimate of the repair costs and asked for approval before any
repairs are made. The customer will be required to issue a purchase order
for the cost of the repairs.
Stringent government regulations restrict the shipment of mercury. Please
contact CANNON® before returning a product that could possibly
contain mercury.
Products returned without prior notification (by either telephone or fax),
or without Cannon’s authorization, will not be accepted.
The customer may be billed a testing fee if a product is returned to
CANNON® and found to be working properly.
CANNON
Revision 1.0g—February, 2012; CANNON
2139 High Tech Road • State College, PA 16803 • USA
®
CT-2000 Constant Temperature Bath
®
Instrument Company
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