Changing House Codes ................................................................................................................. 68
Figure 7. House Code Settings ......................................................................................................... 68
Zone 2 Operation ............................................................................................................................ 69
Figure 8. Zone 2 Remote Control Switch Setting ..............................................................................69
Console-Key Special Function Features ...................................................................................... 70
Software Update Information
The software in the AV28 Media center can be updated using a software update CD available from
Bose® service. Refer to procedure 2 on page 70, Console-Key Special Function Features, to
determine the software version of the unit. Contact Bose Service or refer to the Bose service
extranet site for information regarding the latest software revision; click on Lifestyle®music centers
and then AV28 media center. http://serviceops.bose.com
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS PROPRIETARY INFORMATION OF
BOSE CORPORATION WHICH IS BEING FURNISHED ONLY FOR
THE PURPOSE OF SERVICING THE IDENTIFIED BOSE PRODUCT
BY AN AUTHORIZED SERVICE CENTER OR OWNER OF THE
BOSE PRODUCT, AND SHALL NOT BE REPRODUCED OR USED
FOR ANY OTHER PURPOSE.
1
SAFETY INFORMATION
1. Parts that have special safety characteristics are identified by the symbol onschematics
or by special notes on the parts list. Use only replacement parts that have critical characteristics
recommended by the manufacturer.
2. Make leakage current or resistance measurements to determine that exposed parts are acceptably insulated from the supply circuit before returning the unit to the customer. Use the following
checks to perform these measurements:
A. Leakage Current Hot Check-With the unit completely reassembled, plug the AC line cord
directly into a 120V AC outlet. (Do not use an isolation transformer during this test.) Use a leakage
current tester or a metering system that complies with American National Standards Institute
(ANSI) C101.1 “Leakage Current for Appliances” and Underwriters Laboratories (UL) 6500 IEC
60065 paragraph 9.1.1. With the unit switch first in the ON position and then in OFF position,
measure from a known earth ground (metal water-pipe, conduit, etc.) to all exposed metal parts of
the unit (antennas, handle bracket, metal cabinet, screw-heads, metallic overlays, control shafts,
etc.), especially any exposed metal parts that offer an electrical return path to the chassis. Any
current measured must not exceed 0.5 milliamp. Reverse the unit power cord plug in the outlet and
repeat test. ANY MEASUREMENTS NOT WITHIN THE LIMITS SPECIFIED HEREIN INDICATE
A POTENTIAL SHOCK HAZARD THAT MUST BE ELIMINATED BEFORE RETURNING THE
UNIT TO THE CUSTOMER.
B. Insulation Resistance Test Cold Check-(1) Unplug the power supply and connect a jumper
wire between the two prongs of the plug. (2) Turn on the power switch of the unit. (3) Measure the
resistance with an ohmmeter between the jumpered AC plug and each exposed metallic cabinet
part on the unit. When the exposed metallic part has a return path to the chassis, the reading
should be between 2 and 5.2 Megohms. When testing 3 wire products, the resistance measured to
the product enclosure should be between 2 and infinite Meg ohms. Also, the resistance measured
to exposed output/input connectors should be between 4 and infinite Meg ohms. When testing 2
wire products, the resistance measured to exposed output/input connectors should be between 4
and infinite Meg ohms. If it is not within the limits specified, there is the possibility of a shock hazard, and the unit must be repaired and rechecked before it is RETURNED TO THE CUSTOMER.
This unit contains ESDS devices. We recommend the following precautions when repairing,
replacing or transporting ESDS devices:
• Perform work at an electrically grounded work station.
• Wear wrist straps that connect to the station or heel straps that connect to conductive floor mats.
• Avoid touching the leads or contacts of ESDS devices or PC boards even if properly grounded.
Handle boards by the edges only.
• Transport or store ESDS devices in ESD protective bags, bins, or totes. Do not insert unprotected devices into materials such as plastic, polystyrene foam, clear plastic bags, bubble wrap or
plastic trays.
2
Specifications
Physical Description:
Dimensions:15.8" W x 11.0" D x 3.5" H (40.1 x 27.9 x 8.9 cm)
Weight:8.2 lbs. (3.7 kg)
Cover:Aluminum
Base:Molded plastic
Display:Vacuum fluorescent
Inputs:
TAPE:2 Vrms, maximum
AUX:2 Vrms, maximum
VCR:2 Vrms, maximum
TV:2 Vrms, maximum
Digital:S/PDIF (1 each for TV, VCR, TAPE, and AUX)
Composite video:NTSC or PAL format 1Vppwith sync 75 Ohm
S-Video:Luminance 1Vpp, chrominance 0.3V
Component video:NTSC or PAL 1Vpp with sync on Y
Optical input:S/PDIF digital, mapped to input
FM antenna:75 Ohm
AM antenna:12uH
TV sensor:NTSC/PAL/HDTV/480p compatible
Power:33 Vdc, 2.1mm jack, provided by DCS91 power pack
Serial data port:3.5mm miniature stereo jack, data in/out
Remote control receiver:RF or IR, user selectable
Outputs:
Speaker Zone 1:S/PDIF and variable analog
Speaker Zone 2:S/PDIF and variable analog
Record L and R:Fixed audio
Record digital:S/PDIF and Optical
Optical output:S/PDIF, -15 to -21 dBm
Composite video:NTSC or PAL 1Vpp with sync 75 Ohm
S-Video:Luminance 1Vpp, Chrominance 0.3V
IR:Controls other manufacturer's IR operated devices,
universal method
FM Tuner:
Tuning range:87.7 MHz-107.9 MHz
De-emphasis:75 usec
Channel spacing:200 kHz
Sensitivity, mono usable:13 dBf
Stereo, 50 dB quieting:38 dBf
Signal-to-noise @ 65 dBf:Mono: 74 dBf, Stereo: 70 dBf
Noise ratio @ 65 dBf:Mono: 85, Stereo: 85
Harmonic distortion, 1 kHz, @ 65dBfMono: 0.3%, Stereo: 0.4%
Capture ratio @ 45 dBf:2.0 dB
AM rejection @ 45 dBf:60 dB
Adjacent channel selectivity, 200 kHz,
for both channels, @ 45 dBf:
Alternate channel selectivity, 400 kHz,
for both channels, @ 45 dBF:
Image rejection:45 dB
RF inter-modulation:65 dB
Sub-carrier product rejection @ 65 dBf:55 dB
Frequency response 30 Hz-15 kHz:+1.0 dB
Stereo channel separation @ 1 kHz:35 dB
Auto stop level (seek):30 dBf
Mono/Stereo threshold:40 dBf
Sampling rates accommodated:32 kHz, 44.1 kHz, 48 kHz
Protocol:SDMI (Secure Digital Music Initiative)
Remote Control:
Range:65 ft (20m)
RF frequency:27.145 MHz
5
Theory of Operation
1.0 Overview
The AV28 media center is a self-contained DVD/CD/MP3 disc player with an AM/FM tuner for use
with Bose® powered speaker systems. In addition to the two internal sources (DVD/CD and AM/
FM tuner), it allows playing up to four external audio sources: TV, VCR, AUX, and TAPE. A 27MHz,
one-way RF remote control operates the unit without line-of-sight restriction; provisions for infrared
remote control of the media center also exist. An integrated IR Blaster allows limited control of
other manufacturer’s equipment (TV’s, VCR’s and Cable/Satellite Set-Top boxes). The AV28 media
center has two independent audio output zones, accessible through circular DIN connectors in the
back of the product.
The AV28 media center contains five PCBs:
PCBAssembly P/N
Main PCB
IR PCBPart of 260318-0
Headphone PCBPart of 260318-0
Tuner PCB260322-1
Keypad PCB254141
260318-0
There are some components shown on schematics whose reference designators end in –NV;
these components are not loaded by manufacturing, but their pads exist on the PCB.
V_RAW is provided to the console by an external power pack and is approximately 33VDC. The
power pack is a linear transformer. In addition to the usual large capacitor and full-bridge diode
rectifier, a PTC thermistor (effectively a reset-able fuse) is contained in the power pack to protect
the unit under fault conditions. V_RAW enters the console on the tuner PCB, passes through an
NTC thermistor to eliminate power supply startup surges, and is fed to the +12V supply and the
flat-flex cable, which feeds it to the +5.1V and +3.3V supplies on the Main PCB.
AC line
voltage
from wall
DCS
9X
Linear
+33V
+12V
SMPS
+5.1V
SMPS
+10V
Linear
+8V
Linear
+3.3V
SMPS
+2.5V
Linear
Power Supply Block Diagram
2.2 Switching Power Supplies
See SD254135 sheet 9 and SD256131 sheet 3 for the power supply circuits.
The switching power supplies are ST L4973D3.3 regulator ICs (U802 and U803 on the Main PCB,
and U301 on the Tuner PCB). The power supplies are designed as step-down Buck converters.
The voltage fed back to the chip on pin 13 determines the output voltage; the chip’s control circuitry
will work to keep this voltage at +3.3V. The +5.1V and +12V supplies use resistor divide-down
networks to obtain the +3.3V feedback voltage.
The reference designators discussed in this section correspond to the +12V regulator on the tuner
board; the designs of the +5.1V and +3.3V regulators are nearly identical. A number of additional
components exist to provide filtering functions.
7
Theory of Operation
IC PinComponents ConnectedPin Function
1R301, C302, C303Sets switching frequency (when not controlled
externally)
10C308Drives internal D-MOS
11R322Inhibits supply
12R302, C305, C307Lead-lag filter for compensation loop
13R304, R305Voltage feedback for control
18C304+5.1V for external reference
19C306Sets supply soft-start time constant
20NoneSupply frequency switching synchronization
(see note)
2.3 Supply Synchronization Generator
To limit radiated noise, all three switching supplies (12V, 5V and 3.3V) are synchronized to the
same control frequency. This frequency is varied by U1, as needed, to keep noise out of the AM
tuner.
U805 is a 74HC592 8-bit binary counter IC with an input register. An 11.2896 MHz clock signal is
fed to the counter clock (CCK) pin, and the chip counts on positive edges of this signal. Inputs A
through H are loaded to the register on positive edges of the register clock (RCK) signal, and the
register outputs are loaded to the counter when the active-low counter load (/CLOAD) is asserted.
These two signals are driven by the chip’s own active-low ripple carryout (/RCO), which is also the
output to the level shifter circuit. The active-low counter clock enable (/CCKEN) is pulled low by a
100 Ohm resistor, and the active-low asynchronous counter clear (/CCLR) is tied to the Main
PCB’s hardware reset line. The /RCO output is fed to a level shifter circuit (Q801 and Q804).
The synchronization clock is fed to all three switching power supply regulators in the console. The
clock frequency will be either 98.1704 kHz or 101.7081 kHz, depending on the state of
SUPPLY_FREQ_SEL, driven by U1. U1 picks the state based on AM tuner frequency.
2.4 Power Fail Detection
Q802 and Q803 detect a power failure by asserting the active-low /POWER_FAIL signal when the
console input voltage V_RAW falls below a given threshold (equivalent to an AC line voltage of
about 75 VACRMS). This signal is fed to U1 as an interrupt so the micro can perform some shutdown functions before it is held in reset; see section 3.1.2 for additional information.
2.5 Grounding
R321 on the Tuner PCB connects PGND (the ground provided to the product by the power pack)
and GND (tuner signal ground). The power supply ground on the Main PCB is connected to GND
only at C832 and C828.
Additional signal ground connections between the Main and Tuner PCBs and between the PCBs
and the conductive paint on the plastics are made by conductive gasket material attached to the
plastic cover and base.
8
Theory of Operation
2.6 Troubleshooting
Verifying functionality of the power supply system by measuring the DC levels on each supply
(including the power pack) is sufficient for basic troubleshooting.
If power supply problems are suspected, or if DC levels on the supplies are incorrect, evaluate
and correct these parameters with no power applied:
•Check continuity between J104 and pin 8 of each supply.
•Measure the resistance of R321 on the Tuner PCB.
•Measure the resistance of feedback resistors (R304 and R305 in the +12V supply) in each supply.
•Verify that no supply voltage output is shorted to ground.
3.0 Control Electronics
The majority of the control electronics are located on the Main PCB, the notable exceptions being
the Infrared Blaster diodes and receiver module (located on an auxiliary PCB under the DVD-ROM
drive tray) and the RF transceiver circuitry (located on the Tuner PCB).
3.1 Processor
U1 is a CS98000 DVD decoder IC that also functions as the media center’s main processor.
U1 contains two built-in 32-bit RISC processors, a DSP core, a memory interface which supports
SDRAM and FLASH ROM, an ATAPI interface, a DMA controller, an MPEG video decoder, onboard data and instruction caches, a digital video interface, digital audio processing, a general
purpose interface, and numerous general-purpose I/O.
One RISC processor in U1 (RISC0) manages the ATAPI interface to the DVD-ROM drive, and
handles all low-level details associated with playback/navigation of DVD and CD discs. RISC0
sends standard ATAPI control commands to the drive and receives MPEG-compressed audio,
video, and control information back. It decodes the MPEG information from the DVD-ROM drive on
the ATAPI bus and stores the decoded video into SDRAM for later readout to the video interface. It
also oversees the onboard DSP core, as required, when decoding digital audio data, and sends it
out the digital audio interfaces.
®
The second RISC processor (RISC1) runs Bose
sembles VFD and On-Screen Display (OSD) information, and controls I/O functions including
reading the console buttons, receiving the RF and IR remote control commands, driving the OSD
and VFD display on the console, controlling the AM/FM tuner sub-circuit, and driving the IR blaster
controls.
Connections to U1 are made throughout SD254135.
software that handles system control, as-
9
Theory of Operation
3.1.1 Processor Clock
U1 is clocked by a crystal inverter-oscillator whose nominal frequency is 27 MHz.
A 10KW resistor (R713) biases one gate of U701, a 74VHCU04 [high-speed, unbuffered] inverter.
The crystal in the inverter’s feedback path is designed for a 22pF load, achieved by the series
combination of the two 30pF load capacitors C704 and C707 and other stray capacitance in the
input gates of U1. R714 sets the pole in the oscillator’s loop response, and R715 buffers the output
between the oscillator and U1. See sheet 8 of SD254135.
After the signal is buffered by U1, the 27 MHz clock drives the video circuitry. Frequency accuracy
within ±50ppm of this oscillator circuit is necessary for color video operation.
3.1.2Processor Reset
U703 generates a 140ms reset pulse at power-on and any time the +3.3V supply dips below 2.93
volts (corresponding to an AC line voltage of about 40VACRMS. The pulse is buffered by two of
the gates of U701, a 74VHCU04 inverter, and distributed as active-low /RESET1. The reset signal
ensures reliable startup of U1 at power-up and after a brownout.
See the comments in section 2.4 regarding power-fail detection.
3.2 Memory
See sheet 1 of SD254135.
The U1 memory interface supports both SDRAM and flash memory of various sizes. Both memory
ICs are connected to the same bus, and a chip select chooses between the two devices. The type
of memory cycle that is run depends on which address space is needed.
3.2.1 FLASH
U2 is a 1-megaword by 16-bit Flash memory IC. FLASH memory is nonvolatile, meaning that its
stored data is not lost when the chip loses power. The FLASH is used to store all application
software for the product (including software to run on both of U1’s RISC processors and its DSP).
This software is programmed into the FLASH by Manufacturing during In-Circuit Test. The FLASH
also stores nonvolatile user parameters, such as AM/FM presets and OSD setup preferences.
U2 shares the memory address and data bus with U3, but its cycle is different from the SDRAM:
flash access is asynchronous and does not use a memory clock. Address (pins 1-9, 18-24, and
48) and chip select (pin 26) is presented to the chip, and data appears 1 access time later on the
data bus. The flash chip only supplies 16-bit data to U1; the other data bus lines are not driven
during flash access.
U2 can be programmed in-circuit by U1; this allows media center software updates in the field via
CD-ROM. During reprogramming, the new program is held in SDRAM (along with the operating
program) until checksum-verified, then written permanently to FLASH.
10
Theory of Operation
3.2.2 SDRAM
U3 is a 2-megaword by 32-bit synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM) IC. When
the media center powers-up, the application program from the FLASH is shadowed into and executed out of the SDRAM to improve speed. The SDRAM is also used to hold blocks of compressed and decompressed audio and video data, as well as numerous variables and flags, as
required by the software.
For SDRAM accesses, a memory clock of about 100 MHz that synchronizes data access is sent
to the chip at pin 68. Data commands for accesses are coded in the /RAS and /CAS signals (pins
18 and 19), and data read/write selection is done by the /WE signal (pin 17). The address to be
written or read is given on the address bus (pins 25-27 and 60-66). The 32-bit data bus contains
the word to be written or read after the pipeline delay of the memory chip. The detailed operation of
the SDRAM is outside the scope of this document.
3.3 Remote control
3.3.1 RF Transceiver
See sheet 2 of SD256131.
The AV28 media center RF transceiver operates at 27.145 MHz using on-off keying (OOK). The
RF transceiver circuits are located on the Tuner PCB. The antenna for the RF transceiver system
is the DC power cord attached to J104; a 10mH inductor in the power pack facilitates transmission
and reception over the zip cord. The RF signal is capacitively coupled to the V_RAW line by C214.
3.3.1.1 Receiver
The remote control receiver module is an AM receiver; it takes the RF signal from the antenna line,
demodulates it, and outputs the received data to the data slicer circuit. U104, an LM393 dual
comparator, acts as a data slicer and outputs TTL-level signals for the received data waveform.
The RF_DATA_RCV output line connects to U1 through J103.
3.3.1.2 Transmitter
The AV28 media center contains a transmitter for future bidirectional remote control operation.
Q202 and Y201 form a crystal oscillator that is powered when the XMIT/RCV_SEL line from U1 is
high. The output of the oscillator is fed to Q205, a Class-C RF amplifier. Data is sent on the transmitter by way of the RF_DATA_XMIT line from U1, which powers the amplifier. The amplifier’s
output is fed through a tank circuit and the filtering network.
3.3.1.3 Filtering network
Passive components on the V_RAW line provide filtering for the RF remote signal: L203, C218, and
C217 form a 27.145 MHz notch; L205, C219, and C216 form a 45.290 MHz (second harmonic of
27.145 MHz) notch. C222, C223, and C224 aid in limiting undesired radiated emissions. FB1 is a
ferrite bead designed to improve tuner performance by limiting radiated self-noise in the FM band.
11
Theory of Operation
3.3.1.4 RF Remote Control
The RF remote control contains a similar transmitter to the one described in section 3.3.1.2. The
remote’s DIP switch functions are as follows:
Switches 1-4: 4-bit House Code. All AV28 media centers are shipped set to respond to House
Code 0000 (switches 1-4 all down).
To change the House Code of an AV28 media center, do the following:
1. Turn it OFF using the ALL OFF button on the media center.
2. Press and hold the STORE button on the console.
3. While holding the STORE button, press any button on an RF remote set for the desired House
Code. When the AV28 receives this RF message, it will adopt the new House Code as its own.
Switches 5-6: 2-bit Zone Code. If switch 6 is up, the remote will control Zone 1. If switch 5 is up, the
remote will control Zone 2. If BOTH switches are up, the remote will control BOTH zones.
Switches 7-9: 3-bit Room Code. The AV28 is capable of controlling up to 7 speakers in each zone.
Each speaker has a 3-bit Room Code. Zone 1, Room A (000) is defined as the primary room (the
console buttons will also control this room), and is the Room Code set as a default on all LS28/35
bass module speakers shipped with the AV28. To control the media center’s variable analog outputs, the RF remote control needs to be set for Room G (110).
3.3.2 Infrared Transceiver
The AV28 media center contains a built-in IR Blaster capable of sending control commands out the
black lens along the bottom front of the product to other manufacturers’ A/V equipment. Similarly,
an IR receiver is built-in which allows the media center to be controlled by any IR remote control
capable of sending Bose AV28 control commands.
3.3.2.1 Infrared Blaster IC
The IR Blaster IC (U704) is an 8-bit microcontroller located on the main board, sold by UEI electronics. The IC is pre-programmed with an extensive set of IR control commands for a number of
other manufacturers’ devices. Devices able to be controlled are limited to TV’s, VCR’s, Cable SetTop Boxes and Satellite Set-Top Boxes. Over one hundred manufacturers are represented, covering the U.S./North American, European, South American and Asian markets. To enable sending IR
control commands, the user must select the desired Manufacturer and Device Codes from lists in
the OSD System Setup menus.
Additionally, the AV28 is capable of “teaching” an IR learning remote the commands required to
control the media center. When the user enables the Transmit IR function in the System Setup
OSD menu, the AV28 will automatically echo all received RF remote control messages out its IR
Blaster in Bose AV28 IR format. An IR learning remote can then be taught to control the AV28 by
holding it near the front of the media center as the user presses the desired RF buttons.
12
Theory of Operation
3.3.2.2 Infrared Blaster Diodes
Four diodes located on the IR PCB transmit infrared messages to external A/V equipment. U704
provides the modulated data for the diodes; Q703 and Q706 supply the +5V drive voltage, and
R729 and R730 on the Main PCB limit the IR transmit current (setting the transmit brightness).
3.3.2.3 IR Emitter
For situations where the position of the AV28 does not allow its built-in IR Blaster signals to properly control an external product, a supplemental IR Emitter “dongle” can be plugged into the back of
the media center and pointed more directly at the equipment in question. This “dongle” is essentially
a combination cable and IR-transmitter diode, and plugs into the jack labeled “IR Emitter (J704).”
Q703/Q705 provide the +5V drive voltage for the dongle, and R739/R740 limit the drive current to
about 50mA.
3.3.2.4 Infrared Receiver Module
The IR PCB contains an infrared receiver module. This module allows the media center to be
controlled by any IR remote control capable of sending Bose® AV28 IR commands (NOTE: Receive IR needs to be enabled via the System Setup menus in the OSD first, however). The Main
PCB supplies +5.1V to the module. The module performs light filtering functions, optical to electrical
conversion, demodulation about a 38-kHz carrier, and level shifting to provide TTL-level outputs to
U1. The plastic housing surrounding this area is translucent to infrared. Infrared control must be
enabled in the OSD to be functional.
3.3.2.5 Infrared Troubleshooting
During the Power-On Self-Test (POST) phase, the console attempts a query of the IR Blaster IC
and an infrared loopback test; TAP query and the console keypad provide access to test results.
If the IR Blaster IC query fails, concentrate troubleshooting efforts on U704 on the Main PCB.
Symptoms of successful queries to the IR Blaster IC and failed loopback tests require troubleshooting of the IR PCB. First, verify cable placement and integrity. Verify basic receiver module
functionality by injecting an infrared signal (for example, a Bose Wave Radio remote) and measuring pin 3 of J1000 on an oscilloscope. To test basic transmitter functionality, verify diode conduction
and orientation, then issue TAP commands to control a Bose Wave Radio.
Troubleshooting customer complaints regarding control integration exceeds the scope of this
document.
13
Theory of Operation
3.3.2.6 IR Key Codes
The following table describes the key codes capable of being generated by the built-in UEI Blaster
chip:
The AV28 is a 2-Zone audio system, meaning that users can simultaneously listen to one audio
source in one room and a second audio source in another. Therefore, much of the audio path
hardware is split into two sections: Zone 1 hardware and Zone 2 hardware.
Furthermore, the media center outputs each zone’s audio content in two different forms: analog
and digital. The analog outputs are standard left/right, 2Vrms (max) signals similar to those found
on past Bose
series with them. Other analog outputs are fixed level, and remain at the 2Vrms (max) level, regardless of the user’s volume setting. Examples of variable outputs would be the headphone
outputs and the analog left/right signals on the Speaker Output mini-DIN connectors. The only fixed
analog outputs are the Record Out left and right signals. See the diagrams, below.
The digital outputs are serial digital audio data streams in S/PDIF format. These output streams
contain the same audio source material as their analog counterparts in each Zone, but the left/right
information has been digitized and combined into a single datastream. The S/PDIF outputs, however, may send either 2-channel (PCM) audio, or bursts of compressed multichannel audio (in AC3, AAC, MPEG-2, MP-3, or DTS formats). The amplitude information within the S/PDIF streams
never varies with volume level; instead, speakers receiving the streams will perform the volume
control function.
®
products. Some of these outputs are variable level, with volume control cells in
There are both analog and digital options for all AV28 audio inputs, as well. A simplified diagram of
the audio path would therefore be:
Zone 1
Record Output
(Fixed)
Internal Analog
Audio Sources
(Tuner, DVD 2-Channel
Mixdown)
External Analog
Audio Sources
(TV, VCR, AUX, Tape)
DVD-ROM
Playback
(DVD, CD)
External Digital
Audio Sources
(TV, VCR, AUX, Tape)
U201
TEA6422
ANALOG MUX
(Selects the desired
analog input
for each Zone)
U501
CS8415
S/PDIF MUX
(Selects the
desired
S/PDIF input)
ATAPI
PORT
U1
CS98K
DVD
DECODER
U303
CS4224
Z1 Codec w/
Volume Control
U403
CS4224
Z2 Codec w/
Volume Control
U306
CS8405
Z1 S/PDIF
XMTR
U406
CS8405
Z2 S/PDIF
XMTR
Zone 1
Speaker Output
(Variable)
Zone 1
Headphone Output
Zone 2
Speaker Output
(Variable)
Zone 1 Digital
S/PDIF Output
Record Digital
S/PDIF Output
Zone 2 Digital
S/PDIF Output
15
Theory of Operation
Analog audio sources to be played in Zone 1 or Zone 2 are selected by U201, the TEA6422 analog
MUX IC. The chip has separate left/right output pairs for each zone, and is controlled by U1 via the
serial I2C interface. Its outputs are fed into the Zone1/Zone2 audio codecs (U303 and U304).
The codecs first digitize the analog signals using onboard 24-bit A/D (analog to digital) converters.
The digitized result (in I2S format) is then simultaneously fed out to the Zone1/Zone2 S/PDIF
transmitters (U306/U406) and back into the codecs. Once back in the codecs, signals are converted back to analog via 24-bit DAC’s (digital to analog converters), passed through onboard
volume control cells, then outputted once again as left/right signal pairs. U305 and U405 form
differential amplifiers that increase the codec audio outputs to a full-scale level of 2Vrms, and filterout unwanted high-frequency digital noise. The resulting analog signals feed the headphone outputs as well as the Zone 1 and Zone 2 speaker outputs. Volume control levels are set by U1 via
the I2C interface. Zone 1 signals pass through a set of mute transistors, Q300 through Q304,
which quiet the Zone 1 speaker outputs when the headphones are plugged-in.
The same I2S signals which feed the Zone 1 S/PDIF transmitter (U306) also feed U202, a CS4340
DAC. This DAC creates the fixed-level analog signals sent out the analog left/right Record Outputs.
A set of logic gates, U302, U304, U402 and U404 (74LCX157 Quad 2-Input Digital MUX chips) are
used to route I2S signals (consisting of a Data line, Master Clock, L/R Frame Clock and Bit Clock)
between the codecs and the S/PDIF transmitter chips. These digital MUX chips are controlled by
U1 using a set of individual logic lines (where a +3.3V level selects the “B” inputs, and a 0V level
selects the “A” inputs). These logic lines have various schematic names, and are connected to the
SELECT pin of each 74LCX157. These same chips route the digital audio signals from U1 (also in
I2S format), discussed next.
Digital audio input streams are selected by U501, the S/PDIF MUX chip, before being funneled into
U1, the CS98K DVD Decoder IC. In this way, the CS98K’s onboard DSP can decode the desired
stream if it happens to be in a compressed audio format (AAC, AC-3, MPEG-2, MP3, DTS or
MLP). U501 selects the desired stream based on I2C commands from U1.
Streams played from discs in the DVD-ROM drive are clocked out of the CS98K at a sample rate
equal to the rate at which they were recorded. CD audio (CD-DA) discs all require a 44.1kHz
sample rate. Audio from DVD video discs typically requires a 48kHz sample rate, but may use
other rates. External streams received through the S/PDIF MUX will need to be clocked out of the
CS98K at a sample rate synchronous to the clock encoded into the stream (may be many different
rates). The CS98K’s AC-97 port is hard-wired to an external 44.1kHz clock. Therefore, streams
clocked out of this port only support a 44.1kHz sample rate. The CS98K’s PCM output ports share
a single clock rate which can be set by U1 to any desired frequency (AUD-DO_0, AUD-DO_1,
AUD_DO_2 and AUD_DO_3, sheet 8 of the schematics, are the data lines).
16
Theory of Operation
The AV28 Signal Routing and Clocking Diagram, which follows, shows the fully-detailed audio
path, including clocking information. The legend at the bottom identifies which signals are analog,
which are digital, and what the relevant clock rates/sources are.
ANALOG
L/R
SOURCES
TV EXT
VCR EXT
AUX EXT
TAPE EXT
TUNER
DVD MIXDOWN
AV28 AUDIO PATH:
Signal Routing and Clocking
U201
TEA6422
ANALOG
MUX
1
1
2
3
2
4
5
3
6
U503
CS4340
DAC
D/A
A/D
A/D
CS4224
CODEC
U302
74HC157
MUX
CS4224
CODEC
U303
U403
D/A
D/A
VOLUME
CELL
U304
74HC157
MUX
VOLUME
CELL
U205
NJM4556
BUFFER
U202
CS4340
DAC
CS8405
S/PDIF
XMTR
D/A
U306
ANALOG
HEADPHONE
OUTPUT
ZONE 1
ANALOG
L/R
VARIABLE
OUTPUT
ANALOG
L/R
RECORD
OUTPUT
ZONE 1
S/PDIF
DIGITAL
OUTPUT
ZONE 2
ANALOG
L/R
VARIABLE
OUTPUT
Port must always
run at 44.1kHz
sample rate
(clocked by U303).
DVD ROM
J501
OPTICAL
S/PDIF
RCVR
ATAPI
XFACE
S/PDIF
SOURCES
U502
74HC157
MUX
AC-97 PORT
(CONFIGURED AS I2S)
U1
CS98K
(LS500C)
DVD
DECODER
Port supports many sample
rates (but D0-D3 andIN
always share the same rate).
ZONE 1 OUT
ZONE 2 OUT
AUX EXT
OPTICAL EXT
TAPE EXT
VCR EXT
TV EXT
I2S
AUDIO
PORT
U402
74HC157
MUX
U404
U1
D0
D1
D2
D3
IN
U501
0
CS8415
S/PDIF
1
MUX
AND
2
RCVR
3
OUT
4
5
6
74HC157
MUX
U505
74HC157
MUX
ANALOG L/R
2
I
S: U303 PROVIDES CLOCK (ALWAYS 44.1 kSPS)
2
I
S: U1 OR U501 PROVIDES CLOCK (SOURCE DEPENDENT)
2
S: U303, U1 OR U501 PROVIDES CLOCK
I
S/PDIF: UP TO 96 kSPS
U406
CS8405
S/PDIF
XMTR
J701
OPTICAL
S/PDIF
DRIVER
ZONE 2
S/PDIF
DIGITAL
OUTPUT
S/PDIF
RECORD
OUTPUT
OPTICAL
S/PDIF
RECORD
OUTPUT
17
Theory of Operation
Although the AV28 is a 2-zone audio system, as discussed, the clocking limitations of the hardware occasionally restrict which forms of audio can be simultaneously played out the two zones at
a given time. In these situations, Zone 1 (assumed to be the primary zone) would be allowed to
play the digital source while Zone 2 would be downgraded to playing an analog input source. For
example, a user could not play a DVD video disc in Zone 1 and simultaneously listen to the external AUX digital input source in Zone 2, since the CS98K’s PCM output port can only clock out a
single digital stream at a time. The system, in this case, would use the CS98K to decode the DVD
video disc’s audio for Zone 1, and would select the external AUX analog inputs to play in Zone 2.
The following tables describe the resulting audio formats when playing each combination of
sources simultaneously in the two zones:
TYPE OF AUDIO INPUT ALLOWED TO PLAY OUT EACH ZONE
(Zone 1 result shown on top in bold, Zone2 result shown on bottom in italic)
Source Selected for Zone 1
OffAMFMTapeAUXVCRTVDVD MP3CDCD
Off
Analog
Off
AM
FM
Tape
AUX
VCR
TV
Source Selected for Zone 2
DVD
MP3CD
CD
Key: Zone 1 performance has
been downgraded to
Off
Off
Analog
Analog
Off
Analog
Off
Analog
Off
Analog
Off
Analog
Off
Analog
Off
Digital
Off
Digital
Off
Digital
support Zone 2.
Analog
Analog
Analog
Analog
Analog
Analog
Analog
Analog
Analog
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Off
Analog
Off
Analog
Analog
Analog
Analog
Analog
Analog
Analog
Analog
Analog
Analog
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Zone 2 performance has
Digital
Off
Digital
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Digital
Digital
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Analog
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
been downgraded to
support Zone 1.
Digital
Off
Digital
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Digital
Digital
Analog
Digital
Analog
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Digital
Off
Digital
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Digital
Digital
Analog
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Not allowed because the tuner cannot play
AM and FM simultaneously, or because
only one disc can be in the tray at once.
Digital
Off
Digital
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Digital
Digital
Analog
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Digital
Off
Digital
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Digital
Digital
Off
Digital
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Digital
Digital
Off
Digital
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Analog
Digital
Digital
As shown, for consistency, Zone 2 speaker outputs generally only plays the analog external inputs
(AUX, TAPE, VCR and TV). The exception here is when both Zone1 and Zone2 are listening to the
same external input; in this case, both zones will play the external digital inputs (if present), to
ensure that audio-path delays are identical for each zone.
When an external input source (AUX, TAPE, VCR or TV) is chosen for Zone1, the AV28 automatically checks for the presence of a digital input stream and plays it if it exists. If it doesn’t, the AV28
will default to playing the analog inputs.
18
Theory of Operation
A hardware issue was found with the CS4224 codecs whereby audio passing through its A/D
converter emerges with left/right sample pairs mismatched; specifically, with left samples lagging
right samples by one sample clock. In other words, left/right sample pairs coming out of the ADC
together were not sampled together (right was sampled before left). The codec’s DAC section has
the reverse problem: left samples will emerge ahead of the associated right samples. The net result
of this hardware bug is that audio passed fully through the codec (from ADC input to DAC output)
will have no improper left/right delays. However, audio passed only partially through the codec
(only the ADC section, for example) will have left/right pairs emerge slightly out of phase. This
slight phase difference will have no noticeable effect when played through conventional stereo
speakers; however, slight spatial anomalies might be noticed if played through a surround-sound
system.
CS4224 Hardware Bug: Effect on Postman Console Audio Outputs
Source PlayingZone 1
S/PDIF
Network
Output
(Used for
Cobalt II)
Internal DVD Disc
Internal CD-DA
Internal MP3 Disc
Internal AM/FM
External S/PDIF
Sources
External Analog
Sources
Left/Right
O.K.
Left/Right
O.K.
Left/Right
O.K.
Right
Leads Left
Left/Right
O.K.
Right
Leads Left
Zone 1
Variable
Analog
Output
(Used for
Cobalt I)
Left/Right
O.K.
Left/Right
O.K.
Left/Right
O.K.
Left/Right
O.K.
Left/Right
O.K.
Left/Right
O.K.
Analog
Record
Output
Right
Leads Left
Right
Leads Left
Right
Leads Left
Right
Leads Left
Right
Leads Left
Right
Leads Left
S/PDIF
Record
Output
Left/Right
O.K.
Left/Right
O.K.
Left/Right
O.K.
Right
Leads Left
Left/Right
O.K.
Right
Leads Left
Headphone
Output
Left/Right
O.K.
Left/Right
O.K.
Left/Right
O.K.
Left/Right
O.K.
Left/Right
O.K.
Left/Right
O.K.
Zone 2
S/PDIF
Network
Output
(Used for
Cobalt II)
Left/Right
O.K.
Left/Right
O.K.
Left/Right
O.K.
Right
Leads Left
Left/Right
O.K.
Right
Leads Left
Zone 2
Variable
Analog
Output
(Used for
Cobalt I)
Left/Right
O.K.
Left/Right
O.K.
Left/Right
O.K.
Left/Right
O.K.
Left/Right
O.K.
Left/Right
O.K.
When playing-back an audio stream which was recorded using pre-emphasis (common in earlier
CD’s, for example), the media center’s analog Record Outputs will not properly apply de-emphasis,
as follows. The resulting audio will have more treble than desired:
Playing-Back Pre-Emphasized Audio Streams
Source PlayingZone 1
S/PDIF
Network
Output
(Used for
Cobalt II)
Internal CD-DA
O.K.O.K.
Zone 1
Variable
Analog
Output
(Used for
Cobalt I)
Analog
Record
Output
De-
S/PDIF
Record
Output
Headpho
ne
Output
Zone 2
S/PDIF
Network
Output
(Used for
Cobalt II)
Zone 2
Variable
Analog
Output
(Used for
Cobalt I)
O.K.O.K.O.K.O.K.
Emphasis
is Missing
External S/PDIF
Sources
O.K.O.K.
De-
Emphasis
O.K.O.K.O.K.O.K.
is Missing
19
Theory of Operation
5.0 Video Electronics
U603, U604
U1
CS98000
DigitalAnalog
CS4988
Video
Encoder
U601
External
Video
Video Block Diagram
Video signals may be generated internally (by U1) or passed-through from a set of external
(VIDEO INPUT) connectors. Internally generated signals include DVD playback and On Screen
Display (OSD) signals. OSD menus are accessed by pressing the SETTINGS button on the RF
remote. When not playing back a DVD or generating an OSD, the media center defaults to passingthrough external video signals, much as a VCR does. The media center is capable of being connected to either NTSC or PAL televisions, where the desired format is selected via the OSD:
NJM2284
Video
Switch
U602
Amp
NJM2267
Video
Output
NTSC (National Television Standards Committee (USA) or National Television Systems
Committee). A television standard with 60 fields per second, 30 frames per second, and 525 lines
per frame. Variations of the standard include NTSC-M. A size used to digitize NTSC is 640x480
pixels. This standard is used in America and parts of Japan.
PAL (Phase Alternation Line). A television standard with 50 fields per second, 25 frames per
second, and 625 lines per frame. Variations of the standard include PAL-B/G. A size used to digitize PAL is 768x576 pixels. This standard is used in parts of Africa, Australia, parts of Europe, and
in the U.K.
The video interface drives several kinds of video digital to analog converters to generate the
analog video monitor drive signals. U1 generates a standard ITU R.BT656 digital video data
stream with embedded synchronization. This standard uses an 8 bit bus, with interleaved Y, Cr, Cb
data. Synchronization information is embedded in the data stream, and exclusively uses values of
00 and FF (hex). Y values are from 1 to 254, with 1 being black. C values are from 1 to 254, with
128 being no chroma. The standard document should be consulted for further details on this bus.
The video encoder (essentially a video digital to analog converter), U601 on sheet 6 of the schematic, is a 44 pin quad flat pack, containing extensive video processing circuitry. The data sheet
for this part (number CS4955) shows the block diagram and signal processing circuitry inside the
chip. The chip has many programmable registers inside, to set different operation modes, etc.
These registers are set by the main processor over a serial I
2
C bus (pins 32 and 33).
The CS4955 receives the ITU R.BT656 data bus, decodes the synchronization and separates the
Y, Cr, and Cb values into separate data streams. The three channels of video data are processed
appropriately, and sent to the digital to analog converters. Composite video is generated at pin 44,
S-video Y and C are generated at pins 48 and 47, and RGB or YCrCb are generated at pins 39,40,
and 43. The Composite video and S video are paralleled on the circuit board with the RGB (or
YCrCb) signals. The appropriate DACs are enabled by internal control circuitry, commanded by the
main processor, depending on the mode selected by the user. This allows either Composite and Svideo, or Component video, to be placed on the output jacks of the AV28 console.
20
Theory of Operation
The 3 video signals are sent to the internal/external video MUX, U602, a NJM2285 chip. This chip
will select either the internal or external set of video signals to be sent on further through the video
chain. The selection is made by the control pins 2, 7, and 12, driven by transistor Q601, a level
shifter driven by the main processor. No matter which mode the user selects, Composite and SVideo, or Component video, the same circuitry is used in the video chain.
After internal/external selection, the three video signals are sent to the output video drivers, U603
and U604. These are NJM2267 chips, with dual video channel capability. Each channel contains a
clamp circuit on the input, which does a DC restore on the video signal by clamping the negative
sync tip of the video signal to a DC voltage. The output driver drives the video signal through a
330uF capacitor (100-220uF on early units), and a 75-ohm resistor. This ensures equipment
compatibility even if there are DC differences between the AV28 and the driven equipment. The 75ohm resistor provides reverse cable termination for best signal integrity. Video sent through a
330uF capacitor would have low frequency drop-off, causing sag in the video signal. This is corrected by the sag compensation pins of the NJM2267s, by sampling the video signal past the
capacitors, and correcting of any sag that occurs. This prevents synchronization problems with
video monitors that may otherwise occur.
For the Cr and Cb signal in component mode, and the C signal of the S-video signal, there is no
synchronization pulse for the input clamp of the 2267s to clamp to, which could distort the negative
tips of these chrominance signals. For these signals, the transistors Q601 and Q602 are turned on
by the port pins of U601, supplying enough DC voltage to the signal to raise them above the clamp
level, preventing any clamping action on them.
The CS4955 must receive a 27 MHz signal from the clock oscillator, with an accuracy of +- 1350hertz. This frequency is phase lock-looped inside the CS4955 to generate the 3.579545 MHz color
subcarrier for the composite video signal, and must be of high accuracy so that television monitors
can lock onto it and be able to decode color information to display.
6.0 Tuner Electronics
6.1 FM Tuner
The FM RF signal is provided by the F connector, J102, and goes to the FM front-end module. The
antenna supplied with the media center is the standard Bose® FM dipole antenna. Contained within
the FM front-end is a tuned RF amplifier, FM local oscillator and mixer. The 10.7 MHz IF output
signal (pin 7 of the module) passes through a 10.7 MHz ceramic filter, CF101, to a FM IF amplifier,
and then back through a second ceramic filter, CF102. Transistor Q301 and related circuitry form
the FM IF amplifier that produces about 15 dB of voltage gain and provides the proper impedance
matching for ceramic filters CF101 and CF102. These FM IF filter stages reject unwanted FM
stations and noise.
The output signal from CF102 is fed to the LA1837 AM/FM detector IC, U101. This device contains
the FM IF limiter, FM detector, FM stereo MPX decoder, S-meter circuitry which is used for seek
processing, and most of the AM circuitry. The FM IF input signal to the LA1837 goes through
several gain/limiter stages and then to a single-tuned, coil-based discriminator circuit. The discriminator coil, T103, is adjusted for minimum second harmonic audio distortion. The recovered FM
composite signal appears on pin 23 of U101.
21
Theory of Operation
The composite audio signal is filtered by C124 and fed back into the LA1837 on pin 22. The value
of C124 affects FM stereo separation performance. Stereo MPX decoding is also performed by
U101 and the decoded left and right output signals are produced on pins 16 and 17. The pilot PLL
VCO is completely internal to the LA1837 detector IC, not requiring an external 456 kHz ceramic
resonator as in the older LA1836 and LA1851-based designs. The pilot PLL loop filter is formed by
C120, R118, and C122 on pin 14.
Capacitors C132 and C133 and the internal resistance of the LA1837 set the FM de-emphasis. For
a US unit the capacitor values are set to produce 75-uSec de-emphasis, and for Europe/Japan
they are set to produce 50-uSec de-emphasis. MPX filters, T104 and T105, reject the residual 19
kHz pilot tone and 38 kHz sub-channel demodulation components.
The FM and AM S-meter signals, which are at pin 11 and 12 of the LA1837 respectively, are
analog voltage levels that are proportional to the FM IF/AM RF input signal levels. These signals
are used to control the FM stop level, FM force-mono level, and AM stop level. The nominal FM
stop/force-mono levels are:
ParameterFrequencyLevel
FM Seek Stop98.1 MHz30 dBf
FM Force Mono98.1 MHz40 dBf
Both S-meter signals are connected to a 2-input 6-bit analog to digital converter that resides in the
LC72144 PLL IC, U103. During factory final test booth tuner alignment the appropriate test signal
levels are injected into the UUT and the resultant ADC values for stop and force-mono levels are
stored in the Flash memory of the main board. Level scaling is applied to both the AM and FM Smeter signals so that these signals do not saturate the dynamic range of the 3.3 V full scale A/D
converter.
6.2 AM Tuner
The signal from the external AM loop antenna enters through the 2.5 mm AM jack, J300, and is fed
to the AM front end module, T101. This module contains the varactor-tuned RF and Local Oscillator
(LO) tracking circuit. This part is pre-tuned by the manufacturer for proper alignment in this circuit
with AM antenna, and is further adjusted during factory alignment, if necessary. The RF tuned
output appears on pin 12 and is fed to the AM buffer FET transistor Q103. This buffered output is
sent to pin 27 of U101 which contains the AM RF amplifier, mixer, IF amplifier, AM detector, and
AM S-meter circuitry. The 450 kHz AM IF output signal that appears on pin 2 is filtered by the IF
filter, T102, and fed back into the IC on pin 4. The AM IF signal is demodulated by the LA1837 and
the audio output is sent to pins 16 and 17, which are the left and right outputs.
The AM seek stop processing and factory alignment is performed in a similar fashion to FM mode
processing. The S-meter voltage that corresponds to the desired AM stop level is stored during
factory final booth tuner alignment in the main board Flash memory.
The nominal AM stop level is 56 dBuV/m at 1080 kHz.
22
Theory of Operation
6.3 Phase-locked Loop Tuning
The AM and FM local oscillators are controlled by the LC72144 PLL IC, U103. Control from the
main board selects the AM or FM band and the particular frequency. The 7.2 MHz crystal, Y102, is
connected across an inverting amplifier inside U103 to form an accurate and stable crystal oscillator. The 7.2 MHz oscillator is divided down to produce a 12.5 kHz reference frequency in FM mode
and 10 kHz reference frequency in AM mode. U103 divides down the AM or FM LO and compares
it to the appropriate reference frequency, generating an error signal on pin 21. This error signal is
integrated by Q208, Q207 and associated components, producing the tuning voltage at the collector of Q207. C150, C146, R146, and R217 control the gain and pole-zero locations of this active
lead-lag filter
The AM tuning voltage is further filtered by R108 and C106 and is fed to pin 14 of the AM front end,
T101. The tuning voltage varies the capacitance of the varactor diodes, which in turn tunes the AM
antenna and the AM LO. Similarly, in FM mode, the tuning voltage is filtered by R148 and C151 and
fed to the FM front end. As in the AM case, the tuning voltage is fed to varactors which tune the LO
frequency and RF filtering.
Both the PLL IC and the LC72722 PLL IC are controlled via a CCB bus interface. This is a bidirectional interface that sends control information, such as band select and frequency control, to the
PLL from the main board. This bus also sends status information, such as digitized S-meter value
and FM mono/stereo status, from the PLL to the main board controller
6.4 RDS Operation
This feature is only implemented in the European version of the AV28 media center.
The LC72722 Radio Data System (RDS) decoder IC, U102, is a single-chip system IC that implements the signal processing required by both the European RDS standard and US RDBS system.
RDS/RDBS systems can send digital information over the airwaves along with the standard FM
signal by adding a digitally modulated 57 kHz subcarrier to the normal FM composite signal. The
LC72722 includes a bandpass filter, demodulator, synchronization, and error correction circuits.
The input (pin 2) to the RDS IC comes from Q104, which buffers the FM composite signal at pin 23
of the LA1837. The timebase for the decoder is a crystal oscillator formed by the 4.332 MHz
crystal, Y101, the inverter internal to the IC across pins 12 and 13, and the two shunt capacitors,
C138 and C139. Control of the RDS IC is achieved by using the same CCB bus interface used for
the PLL IC.
6.5 Tuner Software
Software that controls the AM and FM tuner resides on the Main PCB.
The software that controls the FM tuner has provisions for an IF offset to optimize tuner performance for a given range of IF filters. The possible values of IF offset are -25kHz, 0, and +25kHz.
The software measures (“counts”) the IF frequency, and this offset is added to the count. In the
final console test, the value that minimizes THD at 98.1 MHz for an un-modulated 50dBF signal is
chosen and stored before other stop levels are set.
It should be noted that the stop levels for the tuner are also stored on the main board; the implication of this is that every time a different tuner board is mated with a main board, the stop levels
must be reset due to board-to-board component variations.
23
Theory of Operation
7.0 Additional Electronics in the Console
7.1 Vacuum Fluorescent Display
A VFD module is installed in the front of the console. The module contains a microcontroller with
masked font tables, as well as built-in switching power supply/inverter and driver IC’s for controlling the VFD glass. Communication to the VFD is serial through J103; see sheet 2 of SD254135.
The protocol requires both clock (VFD_CLOCK) and data (VFD-DATA) lines, is single-direction
only, and runs at about 4800 baud. Q101 and Q106 are used to power-down the higher-current
sections of the VFD after the console has been off for about 10 seconds (reducing power consumption and ensuring that the VFD is held in a reset state when the console is off).
7.2 DVD-ROM Drive
The DVD-ROM drive is a Toshiba SD-M1502 (soon to change to a SD-M1612). The drive is capable of playing DVD-video discs (including CSS decoding), CD-ROMs, and audio CDs. An ATAPI
cable for data and separate power cable connect the drive to the Main PCB (see sheet 2 of
SD254135). Q103 is used to reset the drive’s built-in microcontroller upon console power-up. The
drive remains active (in a paused state) for about 5 minutes after playing a CD/DVD to allow a
customer to return resume playback from the same location on the disc; after that, the drive is put
into a low-current standby mode via software command.
7.3 Console Keypad
A nine-button keypad is located next to the DVD-ROM drive tray. Six signals connect U1 to the
keypad: three signals represent the keypad rows, and three signals represent the keypad columns. U1 identifies button presses by sequentially driving the KEYOUT lines (which activate
individual rows of keys) and reading-back the KEYIN lines (which have 75K pullup resistors inside
U1). If a button is pressed, the KEYIN line connected to that column of keys will be high (3.3V).
See SD256140.
Console ButtonRowColumn
ON/OFFTop (driven by KEYOUT2, J102-3)Left (read by KEYIN2, J101-6)
SOURCETop (driven by KEYOUT2, J102-3)Center (read by KEYIN1, J101-5)
VOLUME UPTop (driven by KEYOUT2, J102-3)Right (read by KEYIN0, J101-4)
ALL OFFCenter (driven by KEYOUT1, J101-2)Left (read by KEYIN2, J101-6)
ENTERCenter (driven by KEYOUT1, J101-2)Center (read by KEYIN1, J101-5)
VOLUME DOWNCenter (driven by KEYOUT1, J101-2)Right (read by KEYIN0, J101-4)
OPEN/CLOSEBottom (driven by KEYOUT0, J101-1)Left (read by KEYIN2, J101-6)
ERASEBottom (driven by KEYOUT0, J101-1)Center (read by KEYIN1, J101-5)
STOREBottom (driven by KEYOUT0, J101-1)Right (read by KEYIN0, J101-4)
7.4 Headphone Driver
The Headphone PCB holds the headphone jack itself, J200, and two inductors used to reduce
emissions and limit incoming ESD transients (L2001 and L2001). Pin 6 of the headphone jack is
used to sense when headphones are plugged in: when a customer inserts a headphone plug into
J200, pin 6 becomes shorted to ground. This pulls the HP-SENS line (normally pulled high by
resistor R242 on the Main PCB) to ground, alerting U1. U1 then mutes the appropriate audio
outputs. The headphone audio drive amplifier, U205, resides on the Main Board. This amp is configured as a voltage follower (providing no signal gain).
24
Theory of Operation
7.5 TV Power Detector
The infrared power command for televisions toggles the power state of the television; in order to
automatically turn a customer’s television on when a video source is selected, the power state of
the TV must be known to determine if sending a power toggle command is necessary. The circuit
detects the presence of the television’s horizontal sweep frequency; standard NTSC and PAL
monitors use 15750 Hz, and line-doubled, HDTV, or 480p monitors use 31500 Hz.
An external dongle plugs into the tuner board at J105; the dongle contains 25 turns of wire inside a
plastic enclosure. When placed properly (at the back of the unit near the deflection coils) on the
television, the dongle will output 20~200 mV of signal.
The TV power detector circuit is on the tuner board. See sheet 3 of SD256131.
The power detection circuit is built around U303, an NJM3403 quad op-amp IC. C328 and L302
form a highly peaked low-pass filter about 15750 Hz; C324, C325, and L303 form a similar filter
about 31500 Hz. The filters boost the voltage of their passbands about 10 times. The outputs of
these filters are fed to active band-pass filters constructed of sections of U303; the active filters
have a Q of 5 (allowing for component variation) and a gain of 20. The outputs of these active
band-pass filters (if present) are rectified and summed by D302. D303 performs a voltage shift
equal to that of the rectifier so that a reference voltage for the comparator can be generated with
diode drop compensation.
The remainder of U303 serves as a comparator and a Schmidt trigger. The comparator compares
the rectified signal with 0.5V; if either sweep frequency present, the comparator output will go high.
The Schmidt trigger section, designed to minimize chatter at the circuit output, drives the TV_ON
signal to U1 to indicate the detected power state of a television.
25
8.0 LS28/35 Bass Module Issues
Theory of Operation
The LS28/35 bass module is sold as a system with the AV28 media center and is mentioned for
reference. Refer to the Lifestyle
®
28 and 35 Digital Acoustimass® Powered Speakers service
manual part number 264562.
8.1 LEDs
The amber and green LEDs on the DSP board serve to provide information about the status and
operation of the speaker’s DSP board. The following is a summary of the various possible states of
the LEDs and a functional description of the state(s) represented.
•Green LED: The green LED serves a dual purpose: general system health and serial data
received. The green LED will blink once per second with a 50% duty cycle (i.e. on for ½ second,
off for ½ second) if the system booted and is running normally. If the unit is in the SmartSpeaker
“Off” condition, the green LED will blink briefly (approx. 0.1s ON time) once every 5 seconds.
•The green LED will also toggle whenever a serial data byte is received. This will interrupt the
normal 1-second blink rate. The green LED blinking faster than 1 Hz usually indicates that it is
receiving serial communications.
•Amber LED: The amber LED serves to signal 3 conditions: power applied/boot status, S/
PDIF status and clipping status. When power is first applied the amber LED will light briefly. If the
PROM FLASH checksum is incorrect or hardware does not pass power-on self test, the green
LED and amber LED will alternately blink at approx. a 5 Hz rate. If the green LED is blinking at its
normal, 1 Hz rate, a blinking, 1Hz amber light indicates that there is no valid S/PDIF signal present:
If the amber LED is off while the green LED is blinking normally, then valid S/PDIF is present and
being received. Finally, the amber LED will briefly blink (in this case, only when valid S/PDIF is
present) when the satellite amps are clipping. This should only occur when playing the system at
extremely high levels.
8.2 DIP Switches
The LS28/35 bass module has a set of four DIP switches, accessible from the back connector
area. Three of these switches (switches 1, 2 and 3) set the Room Code of the speaker, and must
match the three Room Code DIP switches on the remote control (switches 7, 8 and 9) used with
that speaker. Switch 4 on the speaker is only used in manufacturing/test to enter TAP mode, and
should nominally be left DOWN.
9.0 Legacy Speaker Issues
9.1 Protocol Setup
®
The AV28 media center supports legacy (existing) Bose
powered speaker systems in both Zone
1 and Zone 2. However, these systems (AM25P/30P II digital bass module and LSA) require the
console to send control commands using the older CD-5 Serial Data Port Protocol, which is NOT
the default smart speaker protocol used by AV28 media center. To enable this older protocol, the
user must use the OSD (Settings/Setup) menus to change either the Zone 1 Speaker Protocol or
Zone 2 Speaker Protocol from “Normal” to “Legacy” mode.
26
Theory of Operation
9.2 Addressing
The older CD-5 smart speaker protocol allowed addressing up to four speakers (“rooms”) per
zone, referred-to as Speakers A, B, C and D. Similarly, older Bose® Lifestyle® remote controls had
four DIP switches used for selecting which of these speakers should be controlled. All AM25P/30P
II digital bass module powered speakers are hard-wired as smart speaker address A. All LSA’s
are hard-wired as address B.
The AV28 media center's RF remote has three Room Code DIP switches (not implemented at
printing of this manual), allowing up to seven speakers per zone to be addressed, referred-to as
Rooms A through G. Since this addressing scheme is different than that used by older systems, a
translation table is required to understand how to use AV28 media center’s RF remote when
controlling AM25P/30P II digital bass module or LSA (when a zone is set for legacy mode), as
follows:
Postman RF Remote Room Switches for Legacy Mode
Postman Remote's Room
DIP Switch Pattern
(switches 7,8&9)
000 (Room A)0x31Cobalt I #1
001 (Room B)0x35Cobalt I #2
*010 (Room C)0x39Cobalt I #3
011 (Room D)0x3DAll Rooms
100 (Room E)0x32LSA #1
101 (Room F)0x36LSA #2
*110 (Room G)0x3ALSA #3
111 (All Rooms)0x3EAll Rooms
Resulting CD5 Smart
Speaker Message's
Header
Legacy Speaker that the Console
Allows This Remote to Control
The table shows that up to three AM25P/30P II digital bass module’s and three LSA’s (labelled #1,
#2 and #3 here) can be addressed by a AV28 media center remote control. Note that a special
adapter box would be required to actually hang more than one AM25P/30P II digital bass module
and one LSA off each zone of the AV28 media center . *To control a single AM25P/30P II digital
bass module, it is recommended that the user set switches 7, 8 & 9 on the user’s AV28 RF remote
to 010 (Room C, where 0=down and 1=up). To control a single LSA, it is recommended that a user
set these switches to 110 (Room G).
27
Theory of Operation
10.0 Software
10.1 FLASH Update Capability
The software in the AV28 media center is stored in FLASH. During boot, the software is decompressed from the FLASH to the DRAM, where it is executed. U1 can update the contents of the
FLASH, so the software is field upgrade-able. Additionally, the console can update the FLASH
where the DSP stores its code in the LS28/35 bass module using the speaker cable.
10.2 FLASH Update Procedure
Note: A software update disc can be obtained by calling Bose service. If you have a software
update disc, check the service intranet site or call Bose service to make sure you have the latest
version.
10.3 Software Version
To find out which version of software is loaded in a console, first press the [ALL OFF] button on the
keypad. Next, press and hold the [STORE] key and press the [ENTER] key one time. The software version is displayed on the VFD in the following format: SV C:(dateCode):(version)-(build) –
for example, SV C:092501:1.0-0125 would indicate Version 1.0 code made from build #125 on
September 25, 2001.
10.4 User Settings Stored in FLASH
Certain user settings (tuner presets, OSD settings like preference for Film-EQ in a particular
source) and tuner calibration coefficients are stored in a protected area of FLASH. These are
overwritten when the software is updated. There are two important consequences:
not
•Sending an FU [Flash Update] command via ETAP will erase the user settings (but not the
tuner calibration).
•After setting any preferences (house code, tuner presets, OSD settings), you must cycle the
power on and off with the remote and wait a few seconds before unplugging the unit. When the unit
is powered off by the remote, the user preferences set in that session are stored in FLASH.
28
Disassembly/Assembly
(Refer to Figure 3)
1. Top Cover Removal
1.1 Remove the six screws (28) that secure
the top cover (7) to the base (9).
1.2 Release the catch at the right rear corner
of the top cover. Lift off the top cover.
2. Top Cover Replacement
2.1 Align the top cover (7) with the base (9)
and press down at the right rear corner to
secure the catch.
2.2 Replace the six screws (28) that secure
the top cover to the base.
3. DVD/CD Assembly Removal
3.1 Perform procedure 1.
3.2 Pressing outward on the four tabs located
on the base (9) at the bottom corners of the
DVD/CD bracket (15), lift out the DVD/CD
assembly (1).
3.3 Remove the two connectors from the
DVD/CD assembly.
3.4 Remove the four screws (22) that secure
the DVD bracket (15) to the DVD assembly.
4. DVD/CD Assembly Replacement
4.1 Align the DVD bracket (15) with the DVD
assembly (1). Replace the four screws (22)
that secure the DVD bracket to the DVD
assembly. Refer to figure 3 for DVD bracket
orientation.
4.3 With the DVD/CD assembly (1) label side
up, align the tabs on the DVD/CD bracket
(15) with the four tabs located in the base (9).
Press downward on the corners of the DVD/
CD assembly until all four tabs snap into place.
5. Tuner PCB Removal
5.1 Perform procedure 1.
5.2 Grasp the front edge of the tuner PCB (3)
0
and lift up until it is at a 45
angle.
5.3 Grasp the tuner PCB bracket support
(21), which is located under the tuner PCB,
and pull it to the left slightly to clear the
headphone jack PCB. Then pull up and
forward on the tuner PCB bracket support to
release the tuner PCB.
5.4 Remove the ribbon cable from connector
J103.
6. Tuner PCB Replacement
6.1 Attach the ribbon connector to J103.
6.2 Align the posts on the tuner PCB support
bracket (21) with the three locator holes in
the base (9).
6.3 Holding the tuner PCB (3) at a 45
0
angle,
align the two tabs located at the rear of the
tuner PCB with the two cutouts located at the
rear of the base.
6.4 Lower the front of the tuner PCB until it
rests on the tuner PCB support bracket.
4.2 Connect the two connectors to the DVD/
CD assembly.
Note: Make sure the ribbon cable connector
key is on the top when inserting the connector. Line up the connector to the pins on the
receptacle and gently push in. Do not force
the connector or push on the connector at an
angle. Damage to the pins may occur.
29
Disassembly/Assembly
(Refer to Figure 3)
7. Main PCB Removal
7.1 Perform procedure 5.
7.2 Disconnect the cables from J102, J103,
J106, J213, and the DVD/CD mechanism’s
ribbon cable.
7.2 Release the main PCB (2) from the four
locking tabs located on the base (9). Two
located at the front and one located on each
side of the PCB.
7.3 Lift up the front of the main PCB and slide
it forward and up.
8. Main PCB Replacement
8.1 Lower the rear of the main PCB (2) into
the base (9) so the connectors protrude out
the rear of the base.
8.2 Align the headphone jack PCB (2) with
the hole in the side of the base. The main
PCB (2) and tuner PCB support bracket (21)
will secure the headphone jack PCB in place.
8.3 While applying rearward pressure on the
PCB, press downward at the locations of the
four locking tabs; two located at the front and
one located on each side of the PCB.
10. VFD Module Replacement
10.1 Connect the cable to J103, located on
the main PCB (2).
10.2 Slide the VFD module (6) into the VFD
holder on the base until the two locking tabs
snap into place.
11. IR PCB Removal
11.1 Perform procedure 1.
11.2 Lift up the bezel (41).
11.3 Release the IR PCB (2) from the locking
tab located on the left side of the IR PCB. Lift
up on the IR PCB and then slide it to the left.
11.4 Disconnect the cable from J1000.
12. IR PCB Replacement
12.1 Connect the cable to J1000.
12.2 Slide the IR PCB (2) under the catch on
the right side.
12.3 While aligning the IR PCB with the two
locator guides, press down until the IR PCB
snaps into place.
8.4 Connect the cables to J102, J103, J106,
J213, and the DVD/CD mechanism’s ribbon
cable.
9. VFD Module Removal
9.1 Perform procedure 1.
9.2 Release the VFD module (6) from the two
locking tabs, which are located at the two top
corners of the VFD module. Pull up the VFD
module.
9.3 Disconnect the cable from J103, located
on the main PCB (2).
13. Laser Current Measurement Access
13.1 Perform procedure 3.
13.2 Remove the four screws that secure the
bottom cover of the DVD/CD assembly (1) to
its chassis. Lift off the bottom cover.
13.3 Refer to figure 6 for the location of the
laser current measurement points and the
laser current information located on the
mechanism labels.
30
Setting-up a Computer to Issue TAP Commands
1. Open a terminal window. Click: Start/Pro-
gram/Accessories/Hyperterminal/Hyperterminal
2. In the “Connection Description” window, type
the name “AV 28 media center” then click “OK”;
any name may be entered.
3. In the “Connect To” window, select the COM
port on your computer that you will be connecting the AV28 media center to and then click OK.
4. In the “COM1 Properties” window, make the
selections in the various fields as shown.
5. In the Hyperterminal window, click on File/
Properties. In the Properties window, click on
the Settings tab, make the selections in the
various fields as shown.
6. In the Settings window, click on
ACSII setup and make the selections and changes as shown.
Note: Terminal programs other than
hyperterminal can be used.
31
Issuing TAP Commands to the AV28 media center
1. TAP Test Cable Connection
1.1 Connect the test cable’s, part number
264565, DB-9 connector to the RS-232 COM
port on your computer. Connect the test
cable’s 3.5mm plug to the serial data jack on
the AV28 media center.
1.2 With a Hyperterminal window open, apply
power to the AV28 media center. A response
similar to the following will be displayed on
your computer screen.
Reset!
Fixture Detection ... Failed.
Phase 1 Input Pattern :11010111101
Zone Sense Bus ... Failed.
Memory Tests ... Passed.
Ready for test...
>Self-test phase has expired...
UEI Chip Result : BOS0
IR Loopback ... Passed.
Tuner Board Variant : USA
RF House Code : 0010
Booting Cirrus API...
Initializing Encoder...
ive Info...
CD/DVD Drive ... Passed.
Booting Application.
..
2. Verify the media center communicates in
TAP mode
2.1 Type the command PS C and hit “Enter”.
A response similar to the following will be
displayed on your computer screen. (power
on self test results).
Fixture Detection ... Failed.
...Phase 1 Inputs : Not Found.
I2C Bus ... Passed.
TAP Bus ... Failed.
...TAP RX : Short to ground.
Smart Speaker Bus ... Passed.
CCB Bus ... Passed.
Keypad Bus ... Passed.
VFD Bus ... Passed.
Zone Enable Bus ... Passed.
Zone Sense Bus ... Failed.
...Zone 1 Sense : Short to ground.
Zone MUX Bus ... Passed.
RF Bus ... Passed.
IR Blaster Bus ... Passed.
Miscellaneous Pins ... Passed.
All Pins Short Test ... Passed.
I2C Chip Tests ... Passed.
CCB Chip Tests ... Passed.
RF Loopback ... Passed.
Memory Tests ... Passed.
UEI Query ... Passed.
IR Loopback ... Passed.
CD/DVD Drive ... Passed.
General Test Procedure Notes
1. The media center will not turn on unless it senses a speaker connected to the Zone 1 (or Zone
2) speaker connector. Connecting a speaker cable to the Zone 1 (or Zone 2) speaker connector or
physically shorting J301 pin 8 and 5 together will allow the media center to turn on. Disconnecting
a Zone output will cause that Zone to turn off.
2. After completing any or all adjustment procedures requiring TAP commands, the FLASH
memory must be updated to store the adjustments. Refer to the Adjustment/Performance Verification Procedure 10.
3. All AM and FM adjustments must be performed when replacing a main or tuner PCB in order to
ensure an optimized tuner. All TAP related tuner adjustments are stored in FLASH memory on the
main PCB.
4. Functional/Performance Verification Tests: Contain tests to verify the performance and function
of the AV28 media center.
Adjustment/Performance Verification Procedures: Contain procedures to optimize the performance
of the AV28 media center.
32
Functional/Performance Verification Tests
AM General Test Setup
Unless otherwise noted, set an RF generator
to 1500 kHz (1503 kHz for Europe and Japan),
74 dBuV emf, 30% AM modulation, 400 Hz
modulation. Measurements are taken from the
record output. Refer to Figure 1. The equivalent
field intensity is 26 dB less than the generator
output level or 1/20th of the output voltage. The
signal levels given do not include this factor.
1. AM Sensitivity Performance Verification
1.1 Set the RF generator output for a 53 dBuV
emf field intensity, 30% AM modulation, 400Hz
and the unit and RF generator to 1080 kHz.
1.2 Reference a dB meter to the left or right
record output.
1.3 Turn off the RF generator’s modulation.
1.4 The record output should measure < -20
dB, SNR.
2. AM Seek Performance Verification
2.1 Set the RF generator to 1130 kHz (1125
kHz for Euro and Japan), AM modulation,
400 Hz modulation, 61 dBuV emf field intensity.
2.2 Place the unit into seek and verify the unit
stops at 1130 kHz (1125 kHz for Euro and
Japan).
2.3 Switch the RF generator for a 49 dBuV
emf field intensity and verify the radio does
not stop at 1130 kHz (1125 kHz for Euro and
Japan).
3. FM Sensitivity Performance Verification
3.1 Set the RF generator to 98.1 MHz, 1 kHz
mono modulation, pilot off, 75 kHz deviation,
17 dBf at the unit’s FM antenna input, J102.
(19 dBf for Euro and Japan)
3.2 Measure the distortion at the left or right
record output. It should be
4. FM Seek Performance Verification
4.1 Set the RF generator to 98.9 MHz, 1 kHz
mono modulation, pilot off, 75 kHz deviation,
35 dBf, at the unit’s FM antenna input, J102.
4.2 Place the unit into seek and verify that it
stops at 98.9 MHz.
4.3 Reduce the RF generator to 25 dBf.
4.4 Tune the unit to 98.1 MHz and then place
the unit into seek. Verify the radio does not
stop at 98.9 MHz.
5. Serial Data Verification
5.1 Connect an Oscilloscope to the serial
data output connector J704 pin 2.
5.2 Press volume up or down on the console.
Observe a digital wave form on the oscilloscope.
6. TV Sensor Verification
6.1 Apply a signal to the TV Sensor input
J105 pin 2 at the level and frequency listed in
the following table. The signal should be
applied to the ring of a 3.5mm jack.
6.2 Measure the output of the detector, U303
pin 8, at J103 pin 19.
Note: Off <.8Vrms, On >2.5Vrms. Settling
time is .1 seconds to turn on, 2.0 seconds to
turn off.
Input
Frequency
Input
Amplitude
< 3.0%.
Detector
Output
60 Hz200 mVrms<.8Vrms
15.75 kHz30 mVrms>2.5 Vrms
31.5 kHz30 mVrms>2.5Vrms
33
Functional/Performance Verification Tests
7. Inputs/Outputs Verification
TestFunctional test for
the...
Speaker Zones output,
TV S-Video, composite
1
video output, and DVD.
Analog audio Inputs
2
Digital (S/PDIF) and
3
optical audio inputs.
Record digital (S/PDIF)
audio output, Record
4
Optical output, Record
analog output and CD.
S-Video and Composite
5
video input
Note:
Connect the Media
Center...
Speaker Zones 1, 2
output...
TV S-video output...a TV S-Video input...
TV composite video
output...
TV analog audio
input...
VCR analog audio
input...
AUX analog audio
input...
Tape analog audio
input...
TV digital (S/PDIF)
audio input...
VCR digital (S/PDIF)
audio input...
AUX digital (S/PDIF)
audio input...
Tape digital
(S/PDIF) audio
input...
Optical input...the optical output of a
Record digital
(S/PDIF) output...
Record optical
output...
Record analog
output...
S-Video input...to the S-Video output of
Composite video
input...
To...and select the
an AM28/35 powered
speaker...
a TV composite video
input...
an analog source...
a digital (S/PDIF)
source...
source...
the digital (S/PDIF)
input of a device...
the optical input of a
device...
to the analog input of a
device...
a source...
to the Composite video
output of a source...
console
source...
DVD
(insert a DVD).
TV.
VCR.
AUX.
Tape.
TV.
VCR.
AUX.
Tape.
TV and assign
the optical input
to TV.
CD.
(insert a CD).
VCR.a clean
Listen/look for..
a clean
undistorted picture
from the TV. A
clean undistorted
audio output from
the PS28/35
powered speaker.
a clean
undistorted audio
output from the
PS28/35 powered
speaker
connected to the
console's Speaker
Zones output.
a clean
undistorted audio
output from the
PS28/35 powered
speaker
connected to the
console's Speaker
Zones output.
a clean
undistorted audio
output from the
source.
undistorted
output
from
the...
SVideo
output.
Compo
-site
video
output
1. The remote control is needed to turn on the Zone 2 output and should be used to verify the unit’s
ability to respond to remote commands. Refer to the Zone 2 Operation section on page 69.
8. CD Performance Test
8.1 The media center should be able to play the test discs listed in the following table.
ParameterNominalLimitSuggested Test disc
Defect Tracking (void)1.0 mm0.8 mmPierre Vernay, test CD#2
Defect Tracking (black dot)1.0 mm0.8 mmABEX test disc TCD-725R
Defect Tracking (scratch)1.6 mm1.0 mmABEX test disc TCD-721 R
Defect Tracking
(finger print)
Defect Tracking
(warped disc)
Defect Tracking
(eccentric disc)
75 mm65 mmABEX test disc TCD-725R
1.0 mm0.7 mmABEX test disc TCD-732RA
210 mm140 mmABEX test disc TCD-714R
34
Adjustment/Performance Verification Procedures
AM Tuner General Test Setup
Measurements are taken from the record
output. Refer to Figure 1.The equivalent field
intensity in dBuV/m is 20 dB less than the
generator output level in dBuV EMF at the
receiving antenna. The signal levels given do
not include this factor.
Figure 1. AM Test Setup
TAP Test Cable Connection
2. AM Tuner Adjustment
2.1 Set an RF generator output for a
69 dBuV/m field intensity at the unit’s antenna, 30% AM modulation, 1 kHz and the
unit and RF generator to 1500 kHz.
2.2 Adjust the red slug of T101 until a maximum output is measured at the record output.
2.3 Set the RF generator and unit to 600 kHz.
2.4 Adjust the black slug of T101 until a
maximum output is measured at the record
output.
2.5 The adjustment of the red and black slug
affects each other. Repeat step 2.1-2.4 until
the measurement at the record output is
optimized for both adjustments.
3. AM Stop Level Adjustment, TAP
Connect the TAP test cable’s, part number
264565, DB-9 connector to the COM port on
your computer. Connect the test cable’s 3.5mm
plug to the serial data jack on the AV28 media
center. Refer to pages 31 and 32.
1. AM Sensitivity Verification
1.1 Set the RF generator output for a 53
dBuV/m field intensity at the unit’s antenna,
30% AM modulation, 1 kHz and the unit and
RF generator to 1080 kHz.
1.2 Reference a dB meter to the left or right
record output.
1.3 Turn off the RF generator’s modulation.
1.4 The record output should measure
< -20 dB.
3.1 Issue the TAP command TF.
3.2 Set the RF generator to 1080 kHz, 30%
AM modulation, 1 kHz modulation, 56 dBuV/m
field intensity at the unit’s antenna.
3.3 Issue the TAP command T2.
3.4 Set the generator to 1130 kHz (1125 kHz
for Euro and Japan), 61 dBuV/m field intensity.
3.5 Place the unit into seek and verify the unit
stops at 1130 kHz (1125 kHz for Euro and
Japan).
3.6 Switch the RF generator to 49 dBuV/m
field intensity. Place the unit into seek mode
and verify the unit does not stop at 1130 kHz
(1125 kHz for Euro and Japan).
3.7 Issue the TAP command TB. This will
save the adjustment in FLASH.
35
Adjustment/Performance Verification Procedures
FM Tuner General Test Setup
Connect the signal generator to the FM antenna jack J102 using a 50 to 75 Ohm matching network. Adjustments to the procedure’s
stated signal levels should be made to account
for a signal level loss due to the matching
network and/or any other losses.
4. FM IF Offset Adjustment, TAP
4.1 Issue the TAP command TF.
4.2 Set the RF generator to 98.1 MHz, no
modulation, 50 dBf, at the unit’s FM antenna
input, J102.
4.3 Issue TAP command T7.
4.4 Wait two seconds after issuing the TAP
command T7 and then switch the RF generator to 1 kHz mono modulation, pilot off, 75
kHz deviation.
4.5 Measure the signal at the record output. If
it is < 0.55% THD, proceed to step 4.5. If the
distortion is > 0.55% THD, issue the TAP
command T9. Verify that the THD is now
< 0.55%.
4.6 Issue the TAP command TB. This will
save the adjustment into FLASH.
5. FM Distortion Adjustment
5.1 Set the RF generator to 98.1 MHz, 1 kHz
mono modulation, pilot off, 75 kHz deviation,
65 dBf at the unit’s FM antenna input, J102.
6. FM Sensitivity Verification
6.1 Set the RF generator to 98.1 MHz, 1 kHz
mono modulation, pilot off, 75 kHz deviation,
17 dBf at the unit’s FM antenna input, J102
(19 dBf for Euro).
6.2 Measure the THD+N at the left or right
record output. It should be < 3.0%.
7. Stereo Separation Verification
7.1 Set the RF generator to 98.1 MHz, 1 kHz
left only modulation, 10% pilot, 75 kHz total
deviation, 65 dBf at the unit’s FM antenna
input, J102.
7.2 Reference a dB meter to the left record
output.
7.3 Switch the RF generator to right only
modulation.
7.4 Measure the left record output. It should
be < -25 dB, referenced to the measurement
taken in procedure 7.2.
8. FM Stop Level Adjustment, TAP
8.1 Issue the TAP command TF.
8.2 Set the RF generator to 98.1 MHz, 1 kHz
mono modulation, pilot off, 75 kHz deviation,
30 dBf, at the unit’s FM antenna input, J102.
8.3 Issue the TAP command T3.
8.4 Switch the RF generator to 98.9 MHz, 35
dBf at the units FM antenna input, J102.
5.2 Adjust the unit to 98.1 MHz.
5.3 Measure the signal distortion and level at
the record output. The output signal should
measure
tween 520-1050 mVrms.
5.4 If the distortion is >.5%, adjust T103 for
minimum distortion. Verify the signal level is
between 520-1050 mVrms and the distortion
is <.5%.
<.5% THD+N and at a level be-
8.5 Place the unit into seek and verify that it
stops at 98.9 MHz.
8.6 Reduce the RF generator to 25 dBf at the
units FM antenna input, J102.
8.7 Place the unit into seek. Verify the radio
does not stop at 98.9 MHz.
8.8 Issue the TAP command TB. This will
save the adjustment into FLASH.
36
Adjustment/Performance Verification Procedures
9. FM Stereo Threshold Adjustment, TAP
9.1 Issue the TAP command TF.
9.2 Set the RF generator to 98.1 MHz, 1 kHz
stereo L= -R modulation, 10% pilot, 75 kHz
deviation, 40 dBf, at the unit’s FM antenna
input, J102.
9.3 Issue the TAP command T5.
9.4 Increase the RF generator output to 45
dBf. Verify there is a 1 kHz signal at the
record output.
9.5 Decrease the RF generator level to 35
dBf. Verify there is no signal at the record
output.
9.6 Issue the TAP command TB. This will
save the adjustment into FLASH.
10. TV ON Detector Verification
10.1 Apply a signal to the TV Sensor input
J105 pin 2 at the level and frequency listed in
the following table.
Note: The signal should be applied to the ring
of a 3.5 mm jack.
10.2 Measure the output of the detector,
U303 pin 8, at J103 pin 19.
Note: Off <.8Vrms, On >2.5Vrms. Settling
time is .1 seconds to turn on, 2.0 seconds to
turn off.
Input
Frequency
60 Hz200 mVrms<.8Vrms
15.75 kHz30 mVrms>2.5 Vrms
31.5 kHz30 mVrms>2.5Vrms
Input
Amplitude
Detector
Output
37
REAR VIEW
Figure 2. Tap Test Cable Part Number 264565
Part List Notes
1. This part is not normally available from customer service. Approval from the Field Service
Manager is required before ordering.
2. The individual parts located on the PCB are listed in the part list.
3. This part is critical for safety purposes. Failure to use a substitute replacement with the
same safety characteristics as the recommended replacement part might create shock, fire and/or
other hazards.
4. When replacing the tuner or main PCB, the tuner alignments should be performed. The average
tuner alignment values are stored in FLASH memory, which is located on the main PCB, when the
main PCB is manufactured. The alignment procedures should be done to optimize the performance
of the tuner to compensate for PCB to PCB component variations.
38
Main Part List
Refer to Figure 3
Item
Number
1 DVD-ROM, DV-505SFV7 V1.014R7622301728-005 or 301728-006 3
Note: The AV28 media center is packaged with a powered bass module along with the system
accessories. Refer to the particular system’s powered bass module service manual for further
packaging items. These items will differ depending upon the system, powered bass module, the
AV28 media center is packaged with.
11
2
Figure 4. Console Packaging
61
Laser Current Measurement
Digital Audio
Connector
DIGITAL
OUT
GND
CSEL
SLAVE
MASTER
Mode Select
Headers
ATAPI Interface
Connector
Analog Audio
Connector
GND
R
L
Figure 5. DVD Player Rear Panel
Power Supply
Connector (4P)
GND
+5V
1
+12V
Figure 6. Laser Current Measurement Point
Laser Current Measurement
1. Turn on the media center and insert a disc. Insert a DVD when measuring the DVD laser
current and a CD when measuring the CD laser current.
2. Measure and record the voltage at the points 5V and L5V referenced to the ground shown in
figure 6.
3. Subtract L5V from 5V (5V-L5V) and record the laser voltage (LmV).
LmV/1 Ohm equals laser current (LC).
4. The measured laser current value should be ± 20% of the printed current rating on the pickup
head (PU). PU- .20PU < LC <PU + .20PU. Refer to figure 6 for the location of the laser current
rating. If the value is out of range, and the lens has been cleaned, replace the DVD/CD assembly.
U704, KS88C01532, IR CODE, QFP44 Pin Function Table
67
Changing House Codes
1. Changing the house code settings.
If commands given from a remote conflict with those of another nearby media center, the house
code for the media center can be changed as follows.
1.1 Open the remote control battery cover and locate the miniature switches.
1.2 Change the position of the switches 1, 2, 3, or 4 by moving them in the opposite direction
from their current settings. Use a paper clip, ball point pen, or similar object.
Note: Do not change any other switch settings. Moving other switches may cause the remote to
not control the media center.
1.3 Replace the battery cover.
1.4 Lift the media center door and press the All Off button.
1.5 Press and hold the Store key. The current house code will appear in the media center display
in the form of four rectangles which represent the positions of switches 1 through 4.
HOUSE CODE:
Current house code = 0000
(Switches 1 - 4 down.)
1.6 While holding the Store key, press any key on the remote control. The display will change to
show the new house code confirming recognition of the new code.
HOUSE CODE:
Current house code = 1010
(Switches 1 up, 2 down, 3 up, 4 down.)
1.7 Release the Store key, the system remains off.
1.8 Using the remote, turn the AV28 media center on
and then off. This will complete the process of storing
the new house code.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
House code switches (1 - 4)
Figure 7. House Code Settings
68
Zone 2 Operation
1. Setting up a second listening zone.
The AV28 Media center can direct sound from one or two sources (such as CD, AM/FM tuner,
Tape or Aux) to two different listening zones at the same time.
A compatible Bose®powered speaker system or an existing stereo system (special adaptor
needed) can be connected to the zone 2 speaker connector. Refer to the www.bose.com web
site for compatible speakers.
®
A second Lifestyle
switches on the customer’s existing remote can be changed to control the Zone 2 functions, but
then will have to be changed back to control the Zone 1 functions.
1.1 Open the remote control battery cover and locate the miniature switches.
1.2 Set switches 5 and 6 as shown in the table below.
1.3 Make sure the house code switches match those of the customer’s other remote. If the house
code for the AV28 media center has been set for the customer’s other remote, it is not necessary
to reprogram it to match the second Zone 2 remote control.
system remote control is needed to operate the Zone 2 functions. Or, the
1.4 Replace the battery cover.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Zone code switches (5 - 6)
Controlled Zone56
Zone 1DownUp
Zone 2UpDown
Zone1 and 2UpUp
Figure 8. Zone 2 Remote Control Switch Setting
69
Console-Key Special Function Features
With the system off and powered applied, the following features are active as long as the “Store”
key is held down. Releasing the “Store” key cancels the mode unless otherwise noted.
1. House Code: Pressing “Store” allows you to set the product’s house code for the RF remote.
Refer the “Changing House Codes” section of this manual.
2. Software Revision: Pressing “Store” and “Enter” brings up a new set of information screens.
The first press of “Enter” reveals the software version string. The second press reveals the serial
number. The third and fourth press reveals information about Zone connections. The fifth press
reveals the DVD region code. The sixth press reveals the tuner board type. The seventh press
reveals the UEI IR blaster code revision string. Each subsequent press cycles through these
seven messages.
3. NTC-7 Video Test Pattern: Press “Store” and “Enter” until the software revision is shown. At
this point, pressing “Erase” will toggle the NTC-7 video test pattern on and off. You do not need to
leave your fingers on the buttons to keep generating the pattern.
4. Self Tests: To see the results of the self tests, press “Store” and then toggle “Enter” until the
tuner board type is shown. At this point, while pressing “Store” and “Enter”, toggling “Eject” will
move forward through the list of tests. Each test is shown on the VFD display, and the result or
results are shown on each subsequent press of “Eject.”