Video Fire indication systems are video content analysis systems. They give indications for
fires and are designed to supplement fire detection systems and human guards in
monitoring centers.
Video Fire indication systems are confronted with a higher amount of challenges
considering scenery and background compared to conventional fire detection systems. It
cannot be granted that fire is detected in all scenery settings. Thus the video fire detection
system shall be seen as a system that enhances the probability of early fire detection, with
the restriction that it might detect false alarms. It shall not be seen as a system that
ensures fire detection in all possible image scenarios.
About this manual
This manual has been compiled with great care and the information it contains has been
thoroughly verified. The text was correct at the time of printing, however, the content can
change without notice. Bosch Security Systems accepts no liability for damage resulting
directly or indirectly from faults, incompleteness or discrepancies between this manual and
the product described.
For more information please contact the nearest Bosch Security Systems location or visit
www.boschsecurity.com
All hardware and software product names used in this document are likely to be registered
trademarks and must be treated accordingly.
The operation manual provides an overview of possibilities and fields of application of the
video-based fire detection. It should be a guideline for customer-specific application planning.
2.3
2.4
2.4.1
Conventions in this manual
Terms concerning the adjustment of the smoke and flame algorithm, such as menu options,
commands or text in the user interface, are written in bold.
Definition of optical terms
The reflected light coming from the field of view arrives at the camera lens. The image sensor
of the camera transforms the light into electric signals. This electrical image is the basis for
further data processing. This chapter contains basic descriptions of optical terms.
Illumination
Illumination is an important influencing factor for sensible optical systems. Natural light shows
the huge range of illumination values from direct sunlight (~100.000 lx) to full moon on a clear
night (~1.0 lx). A luxmeter can be used to measure the light levels.
The following table provides an overview of typical illumination values in different application
areas:
In general a well illuminated monitoring area is advantageous for the video-based fire
detection. Backlight should be avoided.
2.4.2
Focal length
The focal length of an optical system defines the distance between a light refracting lense and
the focal point. Field of view, maximum distance and field angle are dependant as shown in
the graphic below.
The maximum width of the field of view may be realized by the minimum focal length. This
adversely affects the maximum distance to a detectable fire.
The maximum distance to a detectable fire may be reached by adjusting the largest focal
length which decreases the width of the field of view to the minimum.
The monitoring area defines the effective space that can be observed by the video-based fire
detection. It is depending on the setting of the camera lens.
The video-based fire detection is the system of choice when reliable video motion and fire
detection is needed, e.g. applications which are not subjected to construction product
regulation or a supplementation to existing fire detection systems. AVIOTEC IP starlight 8000
operates as stand-alone unit and doesn’t need a separate evaluation unit. Furthermore it
contains all features of the Intelligent Video Analysis (IVA) which allows analyzing and
evaluating moving objects in parallel. Video-based fire detection and IVA operate
independently from each other and are separately adjustable.
3.1
3.1.1
Camera
To access the features of the camera, use a web browser. The browser provides live viewing of
the camera streams in the interface window, and also allows you to access and change the
extensive list of settings and parameters for camera configuration. Refer to the software
manual for more information on the browser interface.
The camera recording and storage functions include local alarm recording and recording to
iSCSI-based systems. The camera can also use the Bosch Video Recording Manager (VRM) to
control recording and storage. Integration with the many Bosch recording solutions is
seamless.
The camera offers a number of flexible power and mounting options to meet your site-specific
installation requirements.
Power-over-Ethernet (PoE) allows to use the Ethernet cabling for data transmission and for
supplying power to the network device in the same cable. It is possible to realize long cable
lengths in a PoE network system. The standard power supply for the video-based fire
detection is Power-over-Ethernet. Alternatively, a 12 VDC power connector is available as
accessory.
Power-over-Ethernet can be connected at the same time as a 12 VDC power supply. If auxiliary
power (12 VDC) and PoE is applied simultaneously, the camera selects PoE and shuts off the
auxiliary input.
3.1.2
Uninterruptible Power Supply
An uninterruptible power supply allows electronic devices to keep running for a short period
of time when the primary power source is lost. In case of an electrical power outage, the
video-based fire detection cameras will be supplied by the uninterruptible power supply.
The intelligent smoke and flame algorithm from Bosch analyzes video frames by means of
characteristic and predefined patterns and variables. The fast detection algorithm is based on
a real-time image processing on the camera firmware.
1
2
3
AVIOTEC IP starlight 8000System Overview | en13
There are factors that can influence this kind of visual fire detection. It is important to avoid
obstructions in the field of view. Sometimes obstructions cannot be prevented, e.g. building
construction factors or huge machine parts. In this case it is necessary to analyze whether
there is any need for further video-based fire detection cameras.
3.2.1
3.2.2
Flame detection characteristics
Flames will be analyzed by means of their flame color. White and orange are the basis colors
for the algorithm to split off the video image into important and unimportant areas. Further
flame colors will not be considered, for example a blue flame might not be detected.
Another algorithm characteristic to identify flames is the flickering of a flame. Objects with a
similar movement pattern might cause false alarms, e.g. loose fluttering objects. The videobased fire detection offers subsequent adaption of flame detection settings for this purpose,
e.g. sensitivity settings.
Smoke detection characteristics
The algorithm analyzes smoke based on physical characteristics. Typically a plume of smoke is
formed in a regular upward motion of smoke at the same position. This is characterized by a
thick column of smoke. This column of smoke is visible directly. Speed and angle of rising
smoke may vary.
The area in which the smoke density decreases is called ambient smoke. The smoke motion is
not directly visible. Ambient smoke will not be detected.
1Ambient smoke
2Smoke plume
3Fire
Smoke will only be detected if the smoke plume has a maximum vertical tilt angle of 45°. The
maximum detectable speed of upward motion is 4.2% of picture height per second.
The intelligent smoke detection covers a large area of application. Nevertheless, there might
be some disruptive factors in the operational environment of the customer. Objects with a
similar movement pattern of smoke might cause false alarms, e.g. escalators or conveyor
belts. The video-based fire detection offers subsequent adaption of smoke detection settings
for this purpose, e.g. sensitivity settings.
The Intelligent Video Analysis system by Bosch, is the guard-assistant system of choice when
you need reliable video motion detection for indoor or outdoor use.
IVA is state-of-the-art intelligent video analysis that reliably detects, tracks, and analyzes
moving objects while suppressing unwanted alarms from spurious sources in the image.
Advanced tasks like multiple line crossing, route following, loitering, idle and removed object
detection, counter flow detection, crowd density estimation, and overhead people counting
are available. Object filter based on size, speed, direction, aspect ratio, and color can be
defined.
For calibrated cameras, IVA automatically distinguishes between the object types upright
person, car, bike, and truck.
The software also supports geolocation, that is it outputs tracked objects in relation to camera
position for subsequent visualization on maps.
It allows you to record all of the object information and change the rules even after the fact for
fully configurable forensic search.
–More information is available on the Internet at: www.boschsecurity.com
Video Management System
The Bosch Video Management System is a unique enterprise IP video security solution that
provides seamless management of digital video, audio, and data across any IP network. It
provides the best VMS to go with Bosch CCTV devices, leveraging the unique capabilities of
Bosch cameras and recording solutions. It nevertheless offers interfaces and standards to
integrate AVIOTEC IP starlight 8000.
–More information is available on the Internet at: www.boschsecurity.com
AVIOTEC IP starlight 8000Planning | en15
4
4.1
Planning
A fire safety analysis should be performed to determine the characteristics of the area
including a fire load calculation. The placement of the camera or cameras results from the
application environment of the customer.
Minimum distances
The camera must be mounted according to the following graphic:
d
hInstallation height
The table below demonstrate exemplarily the minimum distances to fire or smoke depending
on the installation height: