BK Precision 2840 User Manual

Model: 2840

Click for Model: 2841

2840 DC Resistance Meter
USER MANUAL

i

Safety Summary

The following safety precautions apply to both operating and maintenance personnel and must
be followed during all phases of operation, service, and repair of this instrument.

Before applying power to this instrument:

 Read and understand the safety and operational information in this manual.
 Apply all the listed safety precautions.
 Verify that the voltage selector at the line power cord input is set to the correct line

voltage. Operating the instrument at an incorrect line voltage will void the warranty.

 Make all connections to the instrument before applying power.
 Do not operate the instrument in ways not specified by this manual or by B&K Precision.

Failure to comply with these precautions or with warnings elsewhere in this manual violates the
safety standards of design, manufacture, and intended use of the instrument. B&K Precision
assumes no liability for a customer’s failure to comply with these requirements.

Category Rating

The IEC 61010 standard defines safety category ratings that specify the amount of electrical
energy available and the voltage impulses that may occur on electrical conductors associated
with these category ratings. The category rating is a Roman numeral of I, II, III, or IV. This rating
is also accompanied by a maximum voltage of the circuit to be tested, which defines the voltage
impulses expected and required insulation clearances. These categories are:

Category I (CAT I): Measurement instruments whose measurement inputs are not intended to
be connected to the mains supply. The voltages in the environment are typically derived from a
limited-energy transformer or a battery.

Category II (CAT II): Measurement instruments whose measurement inputs are meant to be
connected to the mains supply at a standard wall outlet or similar sources. Example
measurement environments are portable tools and household appliances.

Category III (CAT III): Measurement instruments whose measurement inputs are meant to be
connected to the mains installation of a building. Examples are measurements inside a
building's circuit breaker panel or the wiring of permanently-installed motors.

Category IV (CAT IV): Measurement instruments whose measurement inputs are meant to be
connected to the primary power entering a building or other outdoor wiring.

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Do not use this instrument in an electrical environment with a higher category rating than what
is specified in this manual for this instrument.

You must ensure that each accessory you use with this instrument has a category rating equal
to or higher than the instrument's category rating to maintain the instrument's category rating.
Failure to do so will lower the category rating of the measuring system.

Electrical Power

This instrument is intended to be powered from a CATEGORY II mains power environment. The
mains power should be 120 V RMS or 240 V RMS. Use only the power cord supplied with the
instrument and ensure it is appropriate for your country of use.

Changing Line Voltage

Disconnect all cables including the power cord from the instrument when changing the
instrument's line voltage. After changing the line voltage setting, ensure the instrument has
fuses of the proper ratings and types for the selected line voltage before applying line power.

Ground the Instrument

To minimize shock hazard, the instrument chassis and cabinet must be connected to an
electrical safety ground. This instrument is grounded through the ground conductor of the
supplied, three-conductor AC line power cable. The power cable must be plugged into an
approved three-conductor electrical outlet. The power jack and mating plug of the power cable
meet IEC safety standards.

Do not alter or defeat the ground connection. Without the safety ground connection, all
accessible conductive parts (including control knobs) may provide an electric shock. Failure to
use a properly-grounded approved outlet and the recommended three-conductor AC line
power cable may result in injury or death.

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Unless otherwise stated, a ground connection on the instrument's front or rear panel is for a
reference of potential only and is not to be used as a safety ground.

Probes and Test Leads

 If the instrument is used with test leads or probes, the test leads or probes must have a

safety category rating at least as high as that of the instrument to maintain the
instrument's safety category rating.

 Use only probes that have finger-guards that prevent fingers from slipping down the

probe body and contacting the probe's conductor.

 Inspect the probe or test leads for damage before using them. If you suspect a probe or

test lead is damaged, remove it from service, mark it as unusable, and return to B&K
Precision for maintenance service.

 Do not connect or disconnect test leads or probes from a circuit while that circuit is

connected to a voltage source or may have non-discharged energy storage devices.

 Connect the probe or test leads to the measurement instrument before connecting

them to the circuit to be tested. Disconnect the probe or test leads from the circuit to
be tested before disconnecting them from the measurement instrument.

 For probes that have a voltage reference lead (for example, scope probes with a

"ground lead"), connect the voltage reference lead only to conductors that are at
ground potential.

 Do not use the probe or test leads in a condensing environment or where flammable

materials (for example, dust, chemicals, or vapors) are present.

 Clean the probes or test leads only as instructed in their operating manuals.

Do not operate in an explosive or flammable atmosphere

Do not operate the instrument in the presence of flammable gases or vapors, fumes, or finely­divided particulates.

The instrument is designed to be used in office-type indoor environments. Do not operate the
instrument

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 In the presence of noxious, corrosive, or flammable fumes, gases, vapors, chemicals, or

finely-divided particulates.

 In relative humidity conditions outside the instrument's specifications.
 In environments where there is a danger of any liquid being spilled on the instrument or

where any liquid can condense on the instrument.

 In air temperatures exceeding the specified operating temperatures.
 In atmospheric pressures outside the specified altitude limits or where the surrounding

gas is not air.

 In environments with restricted cooling air flow, even if the air temperatures are within

specifications.

 In direct sunlight.

This instrument is intended to be used in an indoor pollution degree 2 environment. The
operating temperature range is 0 °C to 40 °C and the operating humidity is ≤ 80 % relative
humidity, with no condensation allowed.

Measurements made by this instrument may be outside specifications if the instrument is used
in non-office-type environments. Such environments may include rapid temperature or
humidity changes, sunlight, vibration and/or mechanical shocks, acoustic noise, electrical noise,
strong electric fields, or strong magnetic fields.

Do not operate instrument if damaged

If the instrument is damaged, appears to be damaged, or if any liquid, chemical, or other
material gets on or inside the instrument, remove the instrument's power cord, remove the
instrument from service, label it as not to be operated, and return the instrument to B&K
Precision for repair. Notify B&K Precision of the nature of any contamination of the instrument.

Clean the instrument only as instructed

Do not clean the instrument, its switches, or its terminals with contact cleaners, abrasives,
lubricants, solvents, acids/bases, or other such chemicals. Clean the instrument only with a
clean dry lint-free cloth or as instructed in this manual.

Not for critical applications

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This instrument is not authorized for use in contact with the human body or for use as a
component in a life-support device or system.

Do not touch live circuits

Instrument covers must not be removed by operating personnel. Component replacement and
internal adjustments must be made by qualified service-trained maintenance personnel who
are aware of the hazards involved when the instrument's covers and shields are removed.
Under certain conditions, even with the power cord removed, dangerous voltages may exist
when the covers are removed. To avoid injuries, always disconnect the power cord from the
instrument, disconnect all other connections (for example, test leads, computer interface
cables, etc.), discharge all circuits, and verify there are no hazardous voltages present on any
conductors by measurements with a properly-operating voltage-sensing device before touching
any internal parts. Verify the voltage-sensing device is working properly before and after
making the measurements by testing with known-operating voltage sources and test for both
DC and AC voltages. Do not attempt any service or adjustment unless another person capable
of rendering first aid and resuscitation is present.

Do not insert any object into an instrument's ventilation openings or other openings.

vi

Hazardous voltages may be present in unexpected locations in circuitry being tested when a
fault condition in the circuit exists.

Fuse Replacement

Fuse replacement must be done by qualified service-trained maintenance personnel who are
aware of the instrument's fuse requirements and safe replacement procedures. Disconnect the
instrument from the power line before replacing fuses. Replace fuses only with new fuses of
the fuse types, voltage ratings, and current ratings specified in this manual or on the back of the
instrument. Failure to do so may damage the instrument, lead to a safety hazard, or cause a
fire. Failure to use the specified fuses will void the warranty.

Servicing

Do not substitute parts that are not approved by B&K Precision or modify this instrument.
Return the instrument to B&K Precision for service and repair to ensure that safety and
performance features are maintained.

ESD Sensitivity

This product uses components which can be damaged by electrostatic discharge (ESD). To
avoid damage, follow proper procedures for handling, storing and transporting parts and
subassemblies which contain ESD-sensitive components.

Cooling Fans

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This instrument contains one or more cooling fans. For continued safe operation of the
instrument, the air inlet and exhaust openings for these fans must not be blocked nor must
accumulated dust or other debris be allowed to reduce air flow. Maintain at least 25 mm
clearance around the sides of the instrument that contain air inlet and exhaust ports. If
mounted in a rack, position power devices in the rack above the instrument to minimize
instrument heating while rack mounted. Do not continue to operate the instrument if you
cannot verify the fan is operating (note some fans may have intermittent duty cycles). Do not
insert any object into the fan's inlet or outlet.

For continued safe use of the instrument

 Do not place heavy objects on the instrument.
 Do not obstruct cooling air flow to the instrument.
 Do not place a hot soldering iron on the instrument.
 Do not pull the instrument with the power cord, connected probe, or connected test

lead.

 Do not move the instrument when a probe is connected to a circuit being tested.

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Compliance Statements

This product is subject to Directive 2002/96/EC of the European
Parliament and the Council of the European Union on waste electrical
and electronic equipment (WEEE), and in jurisdictions adopting that
Directive, is marked as being put on the market after August 13, 2005,
and should not be disposed of as unsorted municipal waste. Please
utilize your local WEEE collection facilities in the disposition of this
product and otherwise observe all applicable requirements.

Disposal of Old Electrical & Electronic Equipment (Applicable in the European
Union and other European countries with separate collection systems)

ix

CE Declaration of Conformity

This instrument meets the requirements of the Low Voltage Directive, 2006/95/EC and
Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive, 2004/108/EC using the standards referenced below:

Low Voltage

- EN 61010-1:2010

- EN 61010-2-030:2010

EMC Directive

- EN 61326-1:2013

- EN 61000-3-2:2006+A1:2009+A2:2009

EN 61000-3-3:2008

x

Safety Symbols

Refer to the user manual for warning information to avoid hazard or
personal injury and prevent damage to instrument.

Electric Shock hazard

( )

On (Supply). This is the AC mains connect/disconnect switch on the
front of the instrument.

( )

Off (Supply). This is the AC mains connect/disconnect switch on the
front of the instrument.

Protective earth ground

CAUTION indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will
result in minor or moderate injury

WARNING indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could
result in death or serious injury

DANGER indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will
result in death or serious injury.

NOTICE is used to address practices not related to physical injury.

xi

Notations

TEXT – Denotes a softkey.

TEXT – Denotes a front panel button.

xii

Table of Contents

Safety Summary .................................................................................................................... ii

Compliance Statements ......................................................................................................... ix

CE Declaration of Conformity ................................................................................................. x

Safety Symbols ...................................................................................................................... xi

Notations ............................................................................................................................. xii

1 General Information ...................................................................................................... 19

1.1 Product Overview ............................................................................................................ 19

1.2 Package Contents ............................................................................................................ 19

1.3 Dimensions ...................................................................................................................... 20

1.4 Front Panel Overview ...................................................................................................... 21

1.5 Rear Panel Overview........................................................................................................ 22

1.6 Keypad Overview ............................................................................................................. 23

1.7 Display Overview ............................................................................................................. 24

2 Getting Started.............................................................................................................. 25

2.1 Input Power Requirements ............................................................................................. 25

2.2 Fuse Requirements .......................................................................................................... 25

2.3 Input Connections ........................................................................................................... 28

2.4 Preliminary Check ............................................................................................................ 28

2.5 Cable Calibration ............................................................................................................. 29

3 Front Panel Operation ................................................................................................... 31

3.1 Measurement Display ...................................................................................................... 32

3.1.1 OPTIONS ............................................................................................................. 33

3.1.2 FUNC ................................................................................................................... 34

3.1.3 RANGE ................................................................................................................ 34

3.1.4 SPEED .................................................................................................................. 34

3.1.5 TRIG .................................................................................................................... 35

3.2 Comparator Display ......................................................................................................... 35

3.2.1 OPTIONS ............................................................................................................. 36

3.2.2 COMP .................................................................................................................. 36

3.2.3 COMP MODE ...................................................................................................... 36

3.3 Bin Display ....................................................................................................................... 37

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3.3.1 OPTIONS ............................................................................................................. 38

3.3.2 BIN ...................................................................................................................... 38

3.3.3 BIN BEEP ............................................................................................................. 38

3.3.4 NG COLOR & GD COLOR ..................................................................................... 39

3.4 Statistics DisplayT ............................................................................................................ 40

3.4.1 OPTIONS ............................................................................................................. 40

3.4.2 Edge Mode ......................................................................................................... 41

3.4.3 Status .................................................................................................................. 41

3.4.4 Statistical Analysis Parameters .......................................................................... 41

4 Setup Menus ................................................................................................................. 43

4.1 Measurement Setup ........................................................................................................ 43

4.1.1 FUNC ................................................................................................................... 44

4.1.2 RANGE ................................................................................................................ 44

4.1.3 TRIG .................................................................................................................... 44

4.1.4 TRIG DELAY ......................................................................................................... 44

4.1.5 AVERAGE ............................................................................................................ 45

4.1.6 SPEED .................................................................................................................. 45

4.1.7 0 ADJ ................................................................................................................... 45

4.2 Bin Setup .......................................................................................................................... 45

4.2.1 OPTIONS ............................................................................................................. 46

4.2.2 BIN 1 to 3 ............................................................................................................ 46

4.2.3 STATE .................................................................................................................. 46

4.2.4 BIN MODE ........................................................................................................... 46

4.3 System Setup ................................................................................................................... 47

4.3.1 OPTIONS ............................................................................................................. 48

4.3.2 Touch Tone ......................................................................................................... 48

4.3.3 Language ............................................................................................................ 49

4.3.4 Password ............................................................................................................ 49

4.3.5 Bus Mode ........................................................................................................... 49

4.3.6 Baud Rate ........................................................................................................... 49

4.3.7 AC Frequency ..................................................................................................... 50

4.3.8 Handler VCC ....................................................................................................... 50

4.3.9 Setting Time and Date ........................................................................................ 50

5 FILE MANAGER .............................................................................................................. 51

5.1 File Structure ................................................................................................................... 51

5.1.1 Saving Configuration Files .................................................................................. 51

5.1.2 Load Configuration Files ..................................................................................... 52

5.1.3 Delete File ........................................................................................................... 52

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5.1.4 Copy File to I:/E: ................................................................................................. 52

5.1.5 Select .................................................................................................................. 52

5.2 SCREEN COPY ................................................................................................................... 53

5.3 SAVE DATA ....................................................................................................................... 53

5.4 USB Flash Driver Requirements ....................................................................................... 53

6 Specifications ................................................................................................................ 54

6.1 Timing .............................................................................................................................. 55

7 Remote Control ............................................................................................................. 57

7.1 RS232C ............................................................................................................................. 57

7.2 USBTMC ........................................................................................................................... 58

7.3 USB (USBCDC - Virtual COM) ........................................................................................... 58

7.4 Remote Commands ......................................................................................................... 58

8 Handler Interface .......................................................................................................... 59

8.1 Handler Sequence ............................................................................................................ 59

8.2 Isolated Output ................................................................................................................ 60

9 SERVICE INFORMATION ................................................................................................. 62

10 LIMITED THREE-YEAR WARRANTY ................................................................................. 63

Safety Summary .................................................................................................................. 66

Compliance Statements ....................................................................................................... 73

CE Declaration of Conformity ............................................................................................... 74

Safety Symbols .................................................................................................................... 75

Notations ............................................................................................................................ 76

1 General Information ...................................................................................................... 81

1.1 Product Overview ............................................................................................................ 81

1.2 Package Contents ............................................................................................................ 81

1.3 Dimensions ...................................................................................................................... 82

1.4 Front Panel Overview ...................................................................................................... 83

1.5 Rear Panel Overview........................................................................................................ 84

1.6 Keypad Overview ............................................................................................................. 85

1.7 Display Overview ............................................................................................................. 86

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2 Getting Started.............................................................................................................. 87

2.1 Input Power Requirements ............................................................................................. 87

2.2 Fuse Requirements .......................................................................................................... 87

2.3 Input Connections ........................................................................................................... 88

2.4 Preliminary Check ............................................................................................................ 89

2.5 Cable Calibration ............................................................................................................. 90

3 Front Panel Operation ................................................................................................... 92

3.1 Measurement Display ...................................................................................................... 93

3.1.1 OPTIONS ............................................................................................................. 94

3.1.2 FUNC ................................................................................................................... 95

3.1.3 RANGE ................................................................................................................ 95

3.1.4 SPEED .................................................................................................................. 96

3.1.5 TC/∆t ................................................................................................................... 96

3.2 Comparator Display ......................................................................................................... 97

3.2.1 OPTIONS ............................................................................................................. 98

3.2.2 COMP .................................................................................................................. 98

3.2.3 COMP MODE ...................................................................................................... 98

3.3 Bin Display ....................................................................................................................... 99

3.3.1 OPTIONS ........................................................................................................... 100

3.3.2 BIN .................................................................................................................... 100

3.3.3 BIN BEEP ........................................................................................................... 100

3.3.4 NG COLOR & GD COLOR ................................................................................... 100

3.4 Statistics Display ............................................................................................................ 101

3.4.1 OPTIONS ........................................................................................................... 102

3.4.2 EdgeMode ........................................................................................................ 102

3.4.3 Status ................................................................................................................ 102

3.4.4 Statistical Analysis Parameters ........................................................................ 103

4 Setup Menus ................................................................................................................ 105

4.1 Measurement Setup ...................................................................................................... 105

4.1.1 mR + b ............................................................................................................... 106

4.1.2 FUNC ................................................................................................................. 106

4.1.3 RANGE .............................................................................................................. 106

4.1.4 TRIG .................................................................................................................. 106

4.1.5 TRIG DELAY ....................................................................................................... 107

4.1.6 AVERAGE .......................................................................................................... 107

4.1.7 200mΩ .............................................................................................................. 107

4.1.8 DETECT ............................................................................................................. 107

4.1.9 Meas Mode ...................................................................................................... 108

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4.1.10 Adjust ............................................................................................................... 108

4.2 Temperature Compensation (TC/∆t) Setup................................................................... 108

4.2.1 Parameter Settings ........................................................................................... 109

4.2.2 TC/∆t ................................................................................................................. 109

4.2.3 Types of Temperature Sensors ........................................................................ 110

4.2.4 Temperature Correction (TC) Function ............................................................ 110

4.2.5 Temperature Conversion (∆t) Function ........................................................... 110

4.2.6 Analog Input ..................................................................................................... 111

4.3 BIN SETUP ...................................................................................................................... 112

4.3.1 OPTIONS ........................................................................................................... 113

4.3.2 BIN NO. ............................................................................................................. 113

4.3.3 BIN 0 to 9 .......................................................................................................... 113

4.3.4 STATE ................................................................................................................ 113

4.3.5 BIN MODE ......................................................................................................... 113

4.4 SYSTEM SETUP ............................................................................................................... 114

4.4.1 OPTIONS ........................................................................................................... 114

4.4.2 TouchTone ........................................................................................................ 115

4.4.3 Language .......................................................................................................... 115

4.4.4 Password .......................................................................................................... 115

4.4.5 Bus Mode ......................................................................................................... 116

4.4.6 Baud Rate ......................................................................................................... 116

4.4.7 EOC Signal ......................................................................................................... 116

4.4.8 Err.OUT signal ................................................................................................... 117

4.4.9 Setting Time and Date ...................................................................................... 118

4.5 LAN SETUP ..................................................................................................................... 118

5 FILE MANAGER ............................................................................................................. 120

5.1 File Structure ................................................................................................................. 120

5.1.1 Saving Configuration Files ................................................................................ 120

5.1.2 Load Configuration Files ................................................................................... 121

5.1.3 Delete File ......................................................................................................... 121

5.1.4 Copy File to I:/E: ............................................................................................... 121

5.1.5 Select ................................................................................................................ 121

5.2 SAVE SCREEN ................................................................................................................. 122

5.3 USB Flash Driver Requirements ..................................................................................... 122

6 Specifications ............................................................................................................... 123

6.1 Specifications ................................................................................................................. 123

6.2 Basic Accuracy for Resistance Measurement ................................................................ 125

6.3 Resistance Measurement at Low Voltage Basic Accuracy ............................................ 126

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6.4 Timing ............................................................................................................................ 127

6.5 Accuracy for Temperature Measurement (TPTC2) ....................................................... 127

6.6 Accuracy for Temperature Measurement (Analog Input) ............................................. 128

7 Remote Control ............................................................................................................ 129

7.1 RS232C ........................................................................................................................... 129

7.2 USBTMC ......................................................................................................................... 130

7.3 USB (USBCDC - Virtual COM) ......................................................................................... 130

7.4 LAN (Ethernet) ............................................................................................................... 131

7.5 Remote Commands ....................................................................................................... 131

8 Handler Interface ......................................................................................................... 132

8.1 Input Signals................................................................................................................... 132

8.2 Output Signal ................................................................................................................. 135

8.3 Power and Ground......................................................................................................... 135

8.4 Isolated Output .............................................................................................................. 136

9 SERVICE INFORMATION ................................................................................................ 137

10 LIMITED THREE-YEAR WARRANTY ................................................................................ 138

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1 General Information

1.1 Product Overview

The BK Precision’s 2840 DC Resistance Meter can handle a broad range of resistances
measurements. Its maximum accuracy of 0.1% and its range, 1 mΩ to 20 kΩ are vividly
displayed on the color LCD touchscreen in 4½ digits. The 2840 is ideal for testing resistances
found in PCBs, conductors, relay contacts, interconnections, welding-holes as well as resistors
and bigger components. The statistical analysis function provides the average, maximum,
minimum, population standard deviation and sample standard deviation of the measured
datasets. The statistical analysis can also provide the Process Capability Index (Cp, Cpk) which
indicates the ability of a process to produce an output within the user’s specification limits.

Features:

 Measurement Range: 1 mΩ to 20 kΩ
 Minimum resolution: 1 μΩ
 Maximum accuracy: 0.1%
 Lower power measurement function: LPR
 Bin sorting comparator with up to 3 bins
 Process Capability Index (Cp)
 Standard USB and RS232C interface
 Intelligent detection for test state error
 Handler interface for on-line operation.
 4.3” LCD touchscreen, 480×272 resolution

1.2 Package Contents

Please inspect the instrument mechanically and electrically upon receiving it. Unpack all items
from the shipping carton, and check for any obvious signs of physical damage that may have
occurred during transportation. Report any damage to the shipping agent immediately. Save
the original packing carton for possible future reshipment. Every instrument is shipped with the
following contents:

1 x 2840 DC resistance meter
1 x 4-terminal Kelvin test clips
1 x AC power cord

19

1 x Certificate of Calibration

Note: User manual is available for download at www.bkprecision.com

1 x Test Report

Verify that all items above are included in the shipping container. If anything is missing, please
contact B&K Precision.

1.3 Dimensions

The 2840 dimensions are approximately: 255 mm x 110 mm x 361 mm (10.04 in x 4.33 in x

14.22 in) (W x H x D).

Figure 1 - Dimensions

20

1.4 Front Panel Overview

①

USB Interface

②

LCD Touchscreen

③

DISP

④

FILE

⑤

SETUP

⑥

0 ADJ

⑦

Test Terminals

⑧

TRIGGER

⑨

ENTER

⑩

Universal Arrow Keys

⑪

Power

Figure 2 - Front Panel

21

1.5 Rear Panel Overview

①

RS-232 Serial Interface

②

Power Socket

③

Fuse Socket

④

Handler Interface

⑤

USB Interface

Figure 3 - Rear Panel

Rear Panel Description

22

1.6 Keypad Overview

DISP key
Enters the main measurement display and opens display options

SETUP key
Enters the setup menu.

FILE key
Enters the internal and external file manager

0 ADJ key
Executes zero adjustment function

TRIGGER key
Manual trigger when trigger mode is set to MANU (manual)

ENTER key
Confirms setting

Universal Arrow Keys
Used to navigate any menu

Keypad Description

Figure 4 - Keypad

23

1.7 Display Overview

①

Display Name - Shows the current display name

②

DATA – Access to save screen and file management (internal or external)

③

OPTIONS – Access to additional display specific functions

④

MENU OPTIONS – Displays the function menu depending on cursor location

⑤

FUNCTION –Access to measurement options

⑥

MEASUREMENT INDICATOR – Arrow rotates when a measurement is performed

⑦

RESULTS DISPLAY – Shows values of ongoing measurement

Display Description

Figure 5 - Display

24

2 Getting Started

The included AC power cord is safety certified for this instrument operating in
rated range. To change a cable or add an extension cable, be sure that it can meet
the required power ratings for this instrument. Any misuse with wrong or unsafe
cables will void the warranty.

Before replacing fuse, disconnect AC input power cord first to prevent electric shock.
Only use a fuse of the same rating as required. Using a different rated fuse will damage
the instrument.

Rating

Fuse Specification

~110V/60Hz

T2AL 250V

~220V/50Hz

T1AL 250V

Before connecting and powering up the instrument, please review and go through the
instructions in this chapter.

2.1 Input Power Requirements

The supply has a universal AC input that accepts line voltage input within:
Voltage: 110 V to 240 V (±10%)
Frequency: 50 Hz to 60 Hz (±5%)
Power supply power range: ≤ 30VA
The instrument has 50 and 60 Hz user selectable line filter in Error! Reference source not

ound.. Select 50 Hz or 60 Hz to match the line frequency. If the input power line has excessive
noise, additional external noise filtering may be required.

Before connecting to an AC outlet or external power source, make sure that the power switch is
in the OFF position and verify that the AC power cord, including the extension line, is
compatible with the rated voltage/current and that there is sufficient circuit capacity for the
power supply. Once verified, connect the cable firmly.

2.2 Fuse Requirements

An AC input fuse is necessary when powering the instrument. The fuse is located at the back of
the instrument. In the event the fuse needs to be replaced, make sure the AC input power cord
is disconnected from the instrument before replacing. The below table shows the fuse required
for all specified AC input voltages.

25

Table 1 - Fuse Specification

Follow the steps below to check or change fuse and line voltage selection.

Step 1 - Check and/or Change Fuse

 Locate the fuse box above the AC input in the rear panel.
 With 2 fingers, press both left and right sides of the fuse box and pull it out.
 Check and replace fuse (if necessary) for the desired line voltage operation.

Figure 6 - Remove Fuse Casing

Step 2 - Check and/or Change Line Voltage

26

 The line voltage selector is the fuse holder that contains the fuse. Follow the step above

Any disassembling of the case or changing the fuse not performed by an authorized service
technician will void the warranty of the instrument.

Fuse

Fuse holder

Fuse box opening

to remove the fuse box.

 The grey colored piece is the fuse holder and the line voltage selector. To change the

line voltage configuration between 110 V and 220 V, pull this piece out of the fuse box
and rotate it 180 degrees.

 Place it back in the fuse box. The front of the fuse box has an opening, which should

indicate the line voltage you configured. It should display either 110 or 220. If neither
of these labels is shown in the fuse box opening, pull out the fuse holder and turn it
again until it shows the line voltage configuration desired.

Figure 7 - Rotate to line voltage

27

2.3 Input Connections

ALIGNMENT ARROWS

The instrument uses 4-terminal Kelvin test clips to measure more accurately and attain a higher
level of performance than 2-terminal clips. Connect the cable to HI and LO terminals on the
instrument front panel. Check the color and alignment arrows conformity of the test fixture
with that of the connectors (see Figure 8). Do not insert the connectors vertically as this will
cause inaccurate measurements (see Figure 9).

Figure 8 - Connection Alignment

2.4 Preliminary Check

Complete the following steps to verify that the instrument is ready for use.

1. Verify AC Input Voltage

Verify and check to make sure proper AC voltages are available to power the instrument. The
AC voltage range must meet the acceptable specification as explained in Input Power
Requirements.

2. Connect Power

Figure 9 - Do Not Connect Vertically

28

Connect AC power cord to the AC receptacle in the rear panel and press the power switch to
the | ( ) ON position to turn ON the instrument. The instrument will have a boot screen
while loading (see Figure 10), after which the main screen will be displayed.

After power on, the loading screen will be displayed for about five seconds. The firmware
version is found on the loading screen:

Figure 10 - Boot Screen

If password protection is enabled, the user will have to input the password to operate the unit.
The default password is 2840. See 4.3.4 Password for more details.

2.5 Cable Calibration

The resistance in the 4-terminal cables can be compensated for through the zero adjustment (0
ADJ) function. This should be performed when connecting a new cable to the instrument, when
the environment temperature changes ±5 °C, or when desired.

Complete the following steps to perform the cable calibration:

1. Warm-up the instrument for 30 minutes.

2. Short the 4-terminal connectors together (see Figure 11).

3. Ensure DRIVE+ is aligned with DRIVE- and SENSE+ is aligned with SENSE-.

4. Select a resistance range or AUTO to calibrate for all ranges.

5. Initiate the calibration function. Press 0 ADJ on the front panel.

6. Calibration time is affected by the SPEED, AVERAGE samples, and auto ranging.

29

Figure 11 - Short Connection

White – DRIVE+

Blue – DRIVE-

Red – SENSE+

Black – SENSE-

30

3 Front Panel Operation

The touchscreen menu displays contains all measurement and function options. The universal
arrow keys along with the ENTER key can also be used to navigate the touchscreen. The
measurement display menu consists of a primary menu and a secondary menu shown to the
right of the screen.

There are 4 measurement operation displays:

1. Error! Reference source not found.Measurement Display

2. Comparator Display

3. Bin Display

4. Statistics DisplayError! Reference source not found.

Each display and setup page has a DATA option for quick access to the file manager, screen
copy, and save data functions. See FILE MANAGER for details.

When prompted to enter a numeric value, the numeric keypad will be displayed. Press Enter to
confirm the value or u, m, k or M to confirm the value with the corresponding magnitude.

u = 10-6; m = 10-3; k = 103; M = 106

Figure 12 - Numeric Keypad

31

When prompted to enter an alphanumeric value, the alphanumeric keypad will be displayed.

Figure 13 - Alphanumeric Keypad

3.1 Measurement Display

The Measurement Display (MEAS DISP) is the main page for displaying resistance
measurements. To access the page press the DISP button and select MEAS DISP in menu
options. See Error! Reference source not found. Error! Reference source not found. for
ditional options.

Figure 14 - Measurement Display

32

Touch the measurement result area to zoom the display, removing the menu options from the

MEAS DISP

OPTIONS

DISP

0 ADJ

FUNC

R

LPR

RANGE

AUTO

HOLD

↑

↓

SPEED

FAST

MED

SLOW1

SLOW2

TRIG

INT

MAN

EXT

BUS

display. Touch again to return to the normal screen display.

Figure 15 - Zoom Display

The following parameters are accessible from the Measurement Display:

Figure 16 - MEAS DISP Menu Tree

3.1.1 OPTIONS

The OPTIONS key allows the user to access the additional measurement options menu.
The measurement options are:

 DISP (ON/OFF): Toggle the measurement results display on and off.
 0 ADJ: Execute zero adjustment. See 2.5 Cable Calibration for details.

33

3.1.2 FUNC

The FUNC key allows the user to measure resistance in normal or low voltage modes.

The measurement modes are:

 R: Resistance
 LPR: Resistance tested at low voltage

3.1.3 RANGE

There are 2 resistance measurement modes:

1. Measurement Mode (R) with 7 ranges:

2. 20 mΩ, 200 mΩ, 2 Ω, 20 Ω, 200 Ω, 2 kΩ, 20 kΩ

3. Measurement Mode at Low Voltage (LPR) with 4 ranges:

4. 2 Ω, 20 Ω, 200 Ω, 2 kΩ

Follow the instructions below to set the resistance measurement ranges.

1. Touch the RANGE key, the following menu options will be displayed:
 AUTO: Automatically selects the range mode depending on the resistance

detected.

 HOLD: Lock to the current resistance measurement range.
 ↑ (+): Increase measurement range and sets the measurement to HOLD.
 ↓ (-): Decrease measurement range and sets the measurement to HOLD.

3.1.4 SPEED

The SPEED key controls the measurement time. In SLOW1 and SLOW2 mode noise is lower but
measurement time is increased. FAST mode performs high speed measurements but with
increased noise. See Error! Reference source not found. Error! Reference source not found. for
ming details.

Follow the instructions below to set the measurement speed.

1. Touch the SPEED key, the following menu options will be displayed:

 FAST
 MED
 SLOW1
 SLOW2

Note: In SLOW2, SLOW1 or MED mode the display measurement is 5 digits. FAST mode is 4 digits.

34

3.1.5 TRIG

The TRIG key is used to select the trigger options. See 4.1.3 for more details.

3.2 Comparator Display

The Comparator Display (COMP DISP) page compares the resistance measurement to absolute
limits or a nominal value ± a percentage. The total count (TOT) is incremented and the result is
categorized as high (HI), low (LO), or in (IN). To access the page press the DISP button and
select COMP DISP in menu options.

Figure 17 - Comparator NORMAL Display

When in DEV display mode, the following screen will be displayed.

Figure 18 - Comparator DEV Display

The following parameters are accessible from the Comparator Display:

35

Figure 19 - COMP DISP Menu Tree

COMP DISP

OPTIONS

DISP

COMP

BEEP

COUNT

COUNT

CLEAR

DISP

MODE

COMP

OFF

ON

COMP
MODE

%

NOM

%

ABS

HIGH

LOW

3.2.1 OPTIONS

The OPTIONS key allows the user to access the additional comparator option menu.
The options are:

 DISP (ON/OFF): Toggle the measurement results display on and off
 COMP BEEP (OFF/NG/GD): Toggles beep between off, not good (NG) and good (GD).
 COUNT (ON/OFF): ON begins the comparator count if COMP is ON. Count increments

based on trigger settings. OFF stops the count.

 COUNT CLEAR: HI, LO, IN, and TOT counts are reset to 0.
 DISP MODE: Toggle between NORMAL and DEV modes. NORMAL shows the resistance

measurement. DEV shows a percentage (∆) based on the following equation:

∆ = (Measured Resistance – Nominal Value) / Nominal Value x 100%

3.2.2 COMP

The COMP key turns the comparator functions ON and OFF. Results are in the results display
area. COMP: NC will be displayed if COMP is OFF.

3.2.3 COMP MODE

The COMP MODE key allows the user to access two comparator modes.

 % (Percent Error): The user can set the nominal value (NOM) and the percent error (%).

If the nominal value is 100 and percentage is 10, the tolerance will be 100±10%. The

36

instrument will compare the measured value to the tolerance and determine if the DUT
is HI (above tolerance), LO (below tolerance), or IN (within tolerance). The display will
show ± percent (∆) difference the measurement is from the nominal value.

 ABS (Absolute): The user can set absolute HIGH and LOW limits. The instrument will

compare the measured value to the absolute limits and determine if the DUT is HI

(above the upper limit), LO (below the lower limit), or IN (within limits).

3.3 Bin Display

The Bin Display (BIN DISP) page places the resistance measurement in up to 3 user defined bins.
See Error! Reference source not found. Error! Reference source not found. for instructions to
fine the bins. The bin operation is executed when the instrument is triggered. To access the
page press the DISP button and select BIN DISP in menu options.

Figure 20 - Bin Display

37

When the measurement is outside of a bin’s tolerance, it is defined as NOT GOOD (NG). When

BIN DISP

OPTIONS

DISP

BIN

OFF

ON

BIN BEEP

OFF

NG

GD

NG COLOR

OFF

GRAY

RED

GREEN

GD COLOR

OFF

GRAY

RED

GREEN

the measurement is inside of a bin’s tolerances, it is defined as GOOD (GD).
The following parameters are accessible from the Bin Display:

Figure 21 - BIN DISP Menu Tree

3.3.1 OPTIONS

The OPTIONS key allows the user to access the additional bin options menu.
The options are:

 DISP (ON/OFF): Toggle the resistance measurement results display on and off

3.3.2 BIN

The BIN key turns the bin function and the bin results display on and off. Each bin is replaced
with a horizontal line (  ) when the function is off.

3.3.3 BIN BEEP

This option allows the user to select whether the unit will beep when a bin is determined. The
user can select one of the following options:

 OFF: Turns off the bin beep function.
 NG: When the measurement result is different from the bin setting the beep will sound.
 GD: When the measurement result conforms to the bin setting the beep will sound.

38

3.3.4 NG COLOR & GD COLOR

The user can select what color will be displayed when the measurement is NG or GD. While the
NG COLOR and GD COLOR settings can be set with the same color, it is recommended to use
different colors to distinguish between a NG and GD measurement.

NG COLOR

 OFF: Nothing is displayed when the measurement result differs from the bin setting.
 GREY: When the measurement result differs from the bin setting, the corresponding bin

will be displayed in grey.

 RED: When the measurement result differs from the bin setting, the corresponding bin

will be displayed in red.

 GREEN: When the measurement result differs from the bin setting, the corresponding

bin will be displayed in green.

GD COLOR

 OFF: Nothing is displayed when the measurement result is within the accepted values.
 GREY: When the measurement result conforms to the bin setting, the corresponding bin

will be displayed in grey.

 RED: When the measurement result conforms to the bin setting, the corresponding bin

will be displayed in red.

 GREEN: When the measurement result conforms to the bin setting, the corresponding

bin will be displayed in green.

39

3.4 Statistics DisplayT

STATIS

DISP

OPTIONS

CLEAR

TRIG

Edge

Mode

%

NOM

%

ABS

Hi

Lo

STATUS

OFF

ON

The Statistics Display (STATIS DISP) page calculates the statistical results of sampled
measurements. Mean, standard deviation, min and max values among other statistical
information are displayed. A sample is taken when the unit is triggered. To access the page
press the DISP button and select STATIS DISP in menu options.

Figure 22 - Statistical Display

The following parameters are accessible from the Statistical Display:

3.4.1 OPTIONS

The OPTIONS key allows the user to access the additional statistics options menu.

Figure 23 STATIS DISP Menu Tree

40

The measurement options are:

Parameter

Variable

Description

Formula

MEAN



Average value









Dev



Population
Standard
Deviation







󰇛  󰇜







Var





Sample
Standard
Deviation











󰇛  󰇜



  



Cp





Process
Capability Index
(Dispersion)



  





CpK





Process
Capability Index
(Deviation)





       





 CLEAR: Clear all statistical parameters.
 TRIG: Trigger measurement execution.

3.4.2 Edge Mode

The Edge Mode key allows the user to access two modes.

 % (Percent Error): The user can set the nominal value (NOM) and the percent error (%).

If the nominal value is 100 and percentage is 10, the tolerance will be 100±10%. The
instrument will compare the measured value to the tolerance and determine if the DUT
is HI (above tolerance), LO (below tolerance), or IN (within tolerance).

 ABS (Absolute): The user can set absolute HIGH and LOW limits. The instrument will

compare the measured values to the absolute limits and determine if the DUT is HI
(above the upper limit), LO (below the lower limit), or IN (within limits).

3.4.3 Status

The Status key allows the user to turn the statistical calculations OFF and ON.

 ON: When ON is selected, all functions and buttons are disabled except the trigger and

save screen functions. The instrument makes a statistical measurement at every trigger.

 OFF: When OFF is selected, the statistic measurements are disabled. All other functions

and buttons are enabled.

3.4.4 Statistical Analysis Parameters

Table 2 - Statistical Analysis Parameters

41

NOTE: Variables in the above table:

n

: The total number of samples.

x

: Measurement results of each sample measurement. The data are saved in the instrument buffer memory.

USL

: Upper specification limit. If NOM, % is 100±10% then

USL

= 110.

LSL

: Lower specification limit. If NOM, % is 100±10% then

LSL

= 90.

When

Cp, Cpk > 1.33

, the working capacity is ideal.

When

1.33  Cp, Cpk >1.00

, the working capacity is sufficient.

When

1.00  Cp, Cpk

, the working capacity is insufficient.

 Hi: Incremented when the measurement result exceeds the upper limit value

Sample Index

1 2 3 4 5 6 8

Result (Ω)

100.4

101.6

103.7

98.4

87.9

112.1

86.5

USL

.

 Lo: Incremented when the measurement result is less than the lower limit value
 In: Incremented when the measurement result is within the limits.
 Max: Maximum measurement result among the current data set.
 MaxIndex: Sample index number that corresponds to the maximum measurement

result.

 Min: Minimum measurement result among the current data set.
 MinIndex: Sample index number that corresponds to the minimum measurement

result.

 R: Measured resistance.
 num: Incremented every trigger, even when the source terminal is open.
 v: Incremented for every measurement recorded

Example: NOM, % is 100±10%

Results:

LSL

.

Hi = 1, Lo = 2, In = 5, Max = 112.1, MaxIndex = 6, Min = 86.5, MinIndex = 8

42

4 Setup Menus

The setup menus allow the user to have more control the measurement operations, functions,
and calculations. The universal arrow keys along with the ENTER key can also be used to
navigate the touchscreen. The setup page menus consists of a primary menu and a secondary
menu shown to the right of the screen.

There are 3 setup pages:

1. Measurement Setup

2. Bin Setup

3. System Setup

4.1 Measurement Setup

The Measurement Setup (MEAS SETUP) page has additional measurement parameters. To
access the page press the SETUP button and select MEAS SETUP in menu options. <MEAS
SETUP> is the default setup page.

Figure 24 - Measurement Setup

43

The following parameters are accessible from the Measurement Setup page:

MEAS

SETUP

FUNC

R

LPR

RANGE

AUTO

HOLD

↑

↓

TRIG

INT

MAN

EXT

BUS

TRIG

DELAY

AUTO

MANU

INPUT

AVERAGE

1 - 255

SPEED

FASST

MED

SLOW1

SLOW2

0 ADJ

OFF

ON

Figure 25 - MEAS SETUP Menu Tree

4.1.1 FUNC

This function is identical to FUNC on <MEAS DISP> page. See 3.1.2 for details.

4.1.2 RANGE

This function is identical to RANGE on <MEAS DISP> page. See 3.1.3 for details.

4.1.3 TRIG

Press TRIG to access the 4 trigger mode options:

 INT: (Internal), continuously tests the DUT and displays the result, (default mode).
 MAN: (Manual), press the TRIGGER button to test a DUT once and display the result.

 EXT: (External), trigger the instrument through the  handler pin 1.

 BUS: Trigger the instrument through the COM interface with a software command.

Note: The instrument is in waiting mode until triggered in all trigger modes except INT

4.1.4 TRIG DELAY

The TRIG DELAY enables the user to select between AUTO and MANU (manual) modes.
Automatic trigger delay is a maximum of 30 ms. To set a manual trigger delay:

1. Press MANU

2. Press INPUT to open the numeric keypad.

44

3. Use the keypad to enter the delay value. Manual trigger delay range is: 0 ms to 9999 ms.

Note: If delay time is set to 0 ms, the contact settling time detection cannot be executed. It is recommended

to set the delay time to be greater than 1 ms.

4.1.5 AVERAGE

Press AVERAGE to open a numeric keypad. The user can set the average number a samples
taken per trigger, ranging from 1 to 255. The larger the sample sizes reduces variation at the
cost of a longer time to display the result.

4.1.6 SPEED

This function is identical to SPEED on <MEAS DISP> page. See 3.1.4 for details.

4.1.7 0 ADJ

Select the zero adjustment offset state. OFF will not include the offset in the measurement
calculation. ON will include the offset in the measurement calculation. The offset value used for
this setting is calculated after the cable calibration is completed. See 2.5 for details.

 0 ADJ OFF: measured value + cable resistance will be displayed.
 0 ADJ ON: measured value - cable resistance will be displayed.

Note: The Cable Calibration must be competed correctly before this future can be used

4.2 Bin Setup

The BIN SETUP page is where the user can define the parameters for the 3 bins.
To access the page press the SETUP button and select BIN SETUP in menu options.

Figure 26 - Bin Setup

45

The following parameters are accessible from the Bin Setup page:

BIN SETUP

OPTIONS

BIN MODE

%

ABS

BIN BEEP

OFF

NG

GD

BIN CLEAR BIN NO.

1

STATE

ON

OFF

NOM or

HIGH

% or

LOW

2 3

Figure 27 - BIN SETUP Menu Tree

4.2.1 OPTIONS

The OPTIONS key allows the user to access the additional bin setup options menu.
The options are:

 BIN MODE: Toggle between % (percentage error) and ABS (Absolute limits).
 BIN BEEP: Toggle between three bin beep modes: OFF, NG and GD.
 BIN CLEAR: Clear all setting parameters for all bins.

4.2.2 BIN 1 to 3

Press the bin number 1, 2, or 3 to display the DEL option. Press DEL to delete bin settings and
set the state to OFF.

4.2.3 STATE

Press STATE to display the bin state as ON or OFF. When ON is set, the corresponding bin in the
display zone will be shown as lighted circle. When OFF is set, the corresponding bin is shown as
a horizontal line (  ).

4.2.4 BIN MODE

The bin calculation is determined by the BIN MODE. Press the limit or value field to open a
numeric keypad.

If BIN MODE: ABS is selected:

46

 HIGH: Input the high limit for DUT comparison.
 LOW: Input the low limit for DUT comparison.

If BIN MODE: % is selected:

 NOM: Input the nominal value.
 %: Input the percentage value.

4.3 System Setup

The SYSTEM SETUP page is where the user can change instrument settings. To access the page
press the SETUP button and select SYSTEM SETUP in menu options.

Figure 28 - System Setup

47

The following parameters are accessible from the System Setup page:

SYSTEM

SETUP

OPTIONS

SYSTEM

RESET

DEFAULT

SETTINGS

TouchTone

OFF

ON

Language

ENGLISH

CHINESE

Password

OFF

LOCK

SYSTEM

LOCK FILE

MODIFY

Bus Mode

RS232C

USBTMC

USBVCOM

Baud Rate

9600

19200

28800

38400

57600

115200

AC Freq

50Hz

60Hz

Handler

VCC

EXT

INT

LCD Style

DEFAULT

CLASSIC

Figure 29 - SYSTEM SETUP Menu Tree

4.3.1 OPTIONS

The OPTIONS key allows the user to access the additional system setup options menu.
The options are:

 SYSTEM RESET: Performs a soft reset on the instrument.
 DEFAULT SETTINS: Restores default settings:

o Touch Tone: ON
o Language: English
o Password: OFF
o Bus Mode: RS232C

4.3.2 Touch Tone

Press Touch Tone to select the touch tone ON or OFF. When selected ON, the tone is played

o Baud Rate: 9600
o Handler VCC: INT
o LCD Style: DEFAULT

when a touch screen key is touched or a button is pressed. OFF disables the tone.

48

4.3.3 Language

Press Language to select the displayed language, ENGLISH or CHINESE. The default language is
English.

4.3.4 Password

Press Password to access the following menu options:

 OFF: Touch this key to turn off the password protection function. This function requires

the user to input the current password to de-activate the password protection.

 LOCK SYSTEM: Touch this key to enable the password function. Please input the

password which will be required when opening a file or starting up the instrument.

 LOCK FILE: It is necessary to input the password if this function is enabled.
 MODIFY: Touch this key to modify the password.

Steps for changing the password:

1. Touch MODIFY to open an alphanumeric keypad.

2. Input the original password and press ENTER to confirm.

3. Prompt: “Input password”

4. Input the new password and press ENTER to confirm.

5. Prompt: “New password”

6. Input the new password a second time and press ENTER to confirm.

7. Prompt: “Confirm new password”

8. The <SYSTEM SETUP> page will be displayed and the password modification is complete.

9. Prompt: “Password modify ok”

Note: The default password is 2516.

4.3.5 Bus Mode

Press Bus Mode to select the communication interface in the menu options. All interfaces are
accessible on the rear panel.

 RS232C
 USBTMC
 USBVCOM

4.3.6 Baud Rate

Press Baud Rate to select from the following six baud rates:

 9600

49

 19200
 28800
 38400
 57600
 115200

4.3.7 AC Frequency

Press AC Freq to select the power supply frequency: 50Hz or 60Hz. Selecting the correct
frequency reduces the power line noise’s influence on the instrument.

4.3.8 Handler VCC

Press Handler VCC to select INTernal or EXTernal power supply for the handler output.

4.3.9 Setting Time and Date

Touch the time or date digits to open the modification menu.
For example: 9 o’clock 13 minute and 25 second a.m. on November 12, 2010 will be shown as

10-11-12 09:13:25.
Operations are as follows: Touch the time zone to be modified, the following items will be

displayed.

 ++: Increment by 5.
 +: Increment by 1.
 -: Decrement by 1.
 --: Decrement by 5.
 <<: Cursor under the time date move left.
 >>: Cursor under the time date move right.

Bus Addr and RS485 are not supported.

50

5 FILE MANAGER

Folder

Maximum Amount of File

Description

CSV

1

Measurement results, *.CSV file.

STA

40

Configuration data, *.STA file.

PIC

999

Screen capture, *.gif file.

The file manager menu is used to save and load parameter configuration files (.STA) set by the
user. These files can be saved to the internal (I) non-volatile memory or externally (E) to a USB
flash drive. Insert an empty USB flash drive to the front panel USB port and wait for the drive to
initialize (about five seconds).

Figure 30 - File Manager

To access the file manager menu:

1. Press the FILE button or select the DATA key that can be found on all display pages,

then select FILE.

2. Press <INTERNAL FILE> or <EXTERNAL FILE> to navigate between screens.

5.1 File Structure

The internal non-volatile memory can stored up to 30 STA files. The following folder structure is
automatically created on a USB flash drive when an external USB flash drive is connected.

Table 3 - Folders Generated in USB

5.1.1 Saving Configuration Files

1. Navigate to the FILE MANAGER screen.

2. Select desired destination, INTERNAL FILE or EXTERNAL FILE (if USB is attached).

3. Select a file slot or press Page # to navigate PAGE UP or PAGE DOWN to show the next 4

file slots.

51

4. Select SAVE. If an existing STA file is select, it will be overwritten.

5. Select YES to continue. Select NO to cancel.

6. An alphanumeric keypad will open. Type in desired file name. Press Enter. Or Esc to

cancel.

5.1.2 Load Configuration Files

1. Navigate to the FILE MANAGER screen.

2. Select desired destination, INTERNAL FILE or EXTERNAL FILE (if USB is attached).

3. Select an STA file or press Page # to navigate PAGE UP or PAGE DOWN to show the next

4 file slots.

4. Select LOAD.

5. Select YES to continue. Select NO to cancel.

5.1.3 Delete File

1. Navigate to the FILE MANAGER screen.

2. Select desired destination, INTERNAL FILE or EXTERNAL FILE (if USB is attached).

3. Select an STA, GIF, or CSV file or press Page # to navigate PAGE UP or PAGE DOWN to

show the next 4 file slots.

4. Select DELETE.

5. Select YES to continue. Select NO to cancel.

5.1.4 Copy File to I:/E:

1. Navigate to the FILE MANAGER screen.

2. Select desired destination, INTERNAL FILE or EXTERNAL FILE (if USB is attached).

3. Select an STA file or press Page # to navigate PAGE UP or PAGE DOWN to show the next

4 file slots.

4. Select COPY TO I:/E:. This will move the STA from internal to external memory or

external to internal memory.

5. Select YES to continue. Select NO to cancel.

5.1.5 Select

Use SELECT to copy multiple files at once from internal to external memory. Press SELECT again
on a file to deselect it.

52

5.2 SCREEN COPY

Removing the USB flash drive before pressing STOP SAVE will result in the loss of the
recorded data.

This function can be found in the DATA menu on most displays. Press SAVE SCREEN and a
screenshot will be saved in the PIC folder mentioned above. The name assigned to the
screenshot will start at zero, but if there are other screenshots from this units in that folder, it
will assign the lowest value possible.

5.3 SAVE DATA

Enabled when a USB flash drive is attached. When activated, resistance data is continuously
saved to an auto-generated CSV onto the drive. The key changes to OFF to terminate the
function. ON is disabled if no USB flash drive is attached.

The CSV header is: R,COMP,DEV,BIN1,BIN2,BIN3,COUNT,VCOUNT,STAT,Time

5.4 USB Flash Driver Requirements

The instrument features a USB host interface for connecting an external USB flash drive. Below
lists the requirements of the USB flash drive as supported by the instrument:

 Meets the USB 1.0/1.1 standard
 Capacity: 32MB/256MB/2GB/4GB
 File format: FAT16, FAT32 (Format the USB memory from a Windows® operating

system)

53

6 Specifications

Resistance Measurement

Reading Digits

4 ½ digits

Measurement
Range

1 mΩ to 20 kΩ

Resistance Range

Test Current

Resolution

Accuracy
Rd % + digits

Open Circuit
Voltage

20 mΩ

1 A

1 μΩ

0.1 + 3

0.7 V

200 mΩ

100 mA

10 μΩ

2 Ω

100 mA

100 μΩ

0.1 + 2

20 Ω

10 mA

1 mΩ

3 V

200 Ω

1 mA

10 mΩ

2 kΩ

100 μA

100 mΩ

20 kΩ

100 μA

1 Ω

LPR Resistance Measurement

2 Ω

10 mA

100 μΩ

0.2 + 5

40 mV

20 Ω

1 mA

1 mΩ

200 Ω

100 μA

10 mΩ

2 kΩ

10 μA

100 mΩ

All specifications apply to the unit after:
Temperature Stabilization time: 30 mins
Operating Temperature: 23 °C ± 5 °C
Relativity Humidity: ≤ 80%
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
Rd = Measured Value
Fs = Full range

Accuracy = (measurement value * Rd%) + (least significant digit)

Example calculation:

Measurement = 10.404 Ω; RANGE = 20 Ω

Accuracy = (10.404 Ω * 0.1%) + 0.002 = 0.012404 Ω

Result: 10.404 Ω ± 0.012 Ω

54

Display Digits

SLOW2, SLOW1, MED

FAST

Display Digits

5 digits

4 digits

Measurement Function

Resistance
Measurement Time

FAST: 10 ms, MED: 25 ms, SLOW1: 115 ms, SLOW2: 455 ms
(+20 ms when DISPLAY is ON)

Low Voltage
Measurement (LPR)

Open voltage ≤ 40 mV
Effective range: 2 Ω, 20 Ω, 200 Ω, 2 kΩ

Average Samples

1 to 255

General specification

External USB memory

Save / recall configuration files, screenshots, and measurement logs

Remote interface

USB (USBTMC or virtual COM), RS232, Handler

Display

24-bit, 400 x 272 touch TFT LCD screen

Operating
Temperature,
Humidity

0 °C to 40 °C, ≤ 80% RH

Temperature,
Humidity
for basic accuracy

23 ± 5 °C, ≤ 80% RH

Storage
Temperature,
Humidity

5°C to 40 °C, ≤ 85% RH

AC
Input

Voltage

110 V to 240 V (±10%)

Frequency

50 Hz to 60 Hz (±5%)

Power Consumption

≤ 30 VA

Dimensions
(WxHxD)

255 mm x 110 mm x 361 mm
(10.04 in x 4.33 in x 14.22 in) (with bezel)

Weight

Approx. 3.9 kg

6.1 Timing

Measurement Timing

FAST

10 ms

The measurement speed of the instrument is determined by the following factors:

 Integral sampling period (approx. 5ms)
 Average times (measurement times)
 Measurement delay time (a time starting from the measurement start-up to the

measurement beginning)

 Display on/off

55

MED

25 ms

SLOW1

115 ms

SLOW2

455 ms

Display On

+20 ms

Computing Time

1 ms

Table 4 - Typical Measuring Times

56

7 Remote Control

Pin

Description

1 - 2

Transmit Data

3

Receive Data

4

-

5

GND

6

-

7

-

8

-

9

-

The instrument has RS232 and USB (virtual COM) for remote control. This chapter will describe
how users can remotely operate the instrument and use SCPI (Standard Commands for
Programmable Instruments) commands via these interfaces. 4.3.5 Bus Mode must be in the
respective interface mode in order to communicate.

7.1 RS232C

For RS232C connectivity, refer to the diagram below for the pinout information. The RS232C is
labeled in the rear panel and is a female DB-9 interface. Use a null modem or crossover cable
where pins 2 and 3 are reversed.

Table 5 - RS232 Pinout

57

Parameter

Description

Baud rate

9600, 19200, 28800, 38400, 48000, 57600, and 115200.

Parity and
data bit

None/8 bits
Stop bit

1

Flow control

None

Table 6 - RS232 Parameters

The RS232C interface does not support hardware flow control (only transmit, receive,
and ground pins are used). The programmer should be aware of this communication
error. Therefore, limitation and notice the command process time of the instrument.
If the remote commands are sent too fast to the instrument, the internal buffer may
overrun and cause a adding a delay between commands may be necessary to allow
time for the meter to process.

The USB interface does not support hardware flow control (only transmit, receive,
and ground pins are used). The programmer should be aware of this limitation and
notice the command process time of the instrument. If the remote commands are
sent too fast to the instrument, the internal buffer may overrun and cause a
communication error. Therefore, adding a delay between commands may be
necessary to allow time for the meter to process.

7.2 USBTMC

USB The standard USB port is a USBTMC-compliant port that can be used for remote
communication. There are no additional settings in the menu system for USB configuration. The
only requirement is that the USBTMC driver be installed. It is included when a VISA software is
installed on the computer.

(We recommend using NI-VISA, which can be downloaded at http://www.ni.com/visa/).

7.3 USB (USBCDC - Virtual COM)

The standard USB port is a virtual COM port that can be used for remote communication. There
are no settings in the menu system for USB configuration. The settings are the same as the
settings for RS232C.

7.4 Remote Commands

The instrument supports some SCPI commands and some instrument specific commands. These
commands enable a computer to remotely communicate and control the instrument over any
of the supported remote interfaces: USBTMC and RS232C.

Refer to the programming manual for details available at www.bkprecision.com

58

8 Handler Interface

Pin

IO

Name

Description

1

In

TRIG

Trigger signal, falling edge is valid. When the instrument
is in the EXTernal trigger mode and this signal is valid,
the instrument will trigger a measurement.

2

Out

PASS2 (P2)

Low Bin 2 comparison result output

3

Out

FAIL

The low bin comparison result output signal will be
valid.

4

Power

+5V

Internal 5V power output

5

Power

EXT_VCC

When Handler VCC is set to EXTernal, the output
requires an external power source, +5V to +30V. When
Handler VCC is set to INTernal, the pin is shorted to the
internal 5V power output.

6

Out

PASS1 (P1)

Low Bin 1 comparison result output

7

Out

PASS3 (P3)

Low Bin 3 comparison result output

8

Out

EOC

Measurement end signal.

9

Power

EXT_GND

When the “Handler” power supply is set as “External”,
the terminal is external GND; when the “Handler”
power supply is set as “Internal”, the terminal is internal

GND.

The instrument is equipped with a 9 pin Handler interface for external control and outputting
measurement and sorting results.

Terminals and Descriptions:
Mating connector: Amphenol PN: L77S-DE09S Hood: 17E-1724-1

Table 7 - Handler Pinout

8.1 Handler Sequence

59

Figure 31 - Handler Output Timing Diagram

Time

Minimum Duration

t1: trigger pulse width

1 ms

t2: measurement time at one
time

t3 + t4

t3: sampling time of one
measurement

1 sampling time

t4: data processing and
display time of one
measurement

Display ON: 20 ms
Display OFF: 5 ms

t5: end of sampling to control
output time

2ms

t6: measurement delay time

See the setup for
measurement delay

Table 8 - Handler Timing

8.2 Isolated Output

Each input and output signal is isolated by a photoelectric coupler. The output voltage of each
line is determined by the connection between a pull-up resistor and an externally applied
voltage (EXT_VCC).

The output circuit is shown as follows:

Figure 32 - Output Circuit

60

External control input circuit is shown as follows:

Figure 33 - Input Circuit

61

9 SERVICE INFORMATION

Warranty Service: Please go to the support and service section on our website at

www.bkprecision.com to obtain a RMA #. Return the product in the original packaging with
proof of purchase to the address below. Clearly state on the RMA the performance problem
and return any leads, probes, connectors and accessories that you are using with the device.

Non-Warranty Service: Please go to the support and service section on our website at
www.bkprecision.com to obtain a RMA #. Return the product in the original packaging to the
address below. Clearly state on the RMA the performance problem and return any leads,
probes, connectors and accessories that you are using with the device. Users not on an open
account must include payment in the form of a money order or credit card. For the most
current repair charges please refer to the service and support section on our website.

Return all merchandise to B&K Precision Corp. with prepaid shipping. The flat-rate repair charge
for Non-Warranty Service does not include return shipping. Return shipping to locations in
North America is included for Warranty Service. For overnight shipments and non-North
American shipping fees please contact B&K Precision Corp.

B&K Precision Corp.
22820 Savi Ranch Parkway
Yorba Linda, CA 92887
www.bkprecision.com
714-921-9095
Include with the returned instrument your complete return shipping address, contact name,

phone number and description of problem.

62

10 LIMITED THREE-YEAR WARRANTY

B&K Precision Corp. warrants to the original purchaser that its products and the component
parts thereof, will be free from defects in workmanship and materials for a period of three
years from date of purchase.

B&K Precision Corp. will, without charge, repair or replace, at its option, defective product or
component parts. Returned product must be accompanied by proof of the purchase date in the
form of a sales receipt.

To help us better serve you, please complete the warranty registration for your new instrument
via our website www.bkprecision.com

Exclusions: This warranty does not apply in the event of misuse or abuse of the product or as a
result of unauthorized alterations or repairs. The warranty is void if the serial number is altered,
defaced or removed.

B&K Precision Corp. shall not be liable for any consequential damages, including without
limitation damages resulting from loss of use. Some states do not allow limitations of incidental
or consequential damages. So the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to you.

This warranty gives you specific rights and you may have other rights, which vary from state-to­state.

B&K Precision Corp.

22820 Savi Ranch Parkway

Yorba Linda, CA 92887
www.bkprecision.com

714-921-9095

63

22820 Savi Ranch Parkway

Yorba Linda, CA 92887

www.bkprecision.com

© 2017-2020 B&K Precision Corp.

Printed in China v090820

64

2841 Start

2841 DC Resistance Meter
USER MANUAL

65

Safety Summary

The following safety precautions apply to both operating and maintenance personnel and must
be followed during all phases of operation, service, and repair of this instrument.

Before applying power to this instrument:

 Read and understand the safety and operational information in this manual.
 Apply all the listed safety precautions.
 Verify that the voltage selector at the line power cord input is set to the correct line

voltage. Operating the instrument at an incorrect line voltage will void the warranty.

 Make all connections to the instrument before applying power.
 Do not operate the instrument in ways not specified by this manual or by B&K Precision.

Failure to comply with these precautions or with warnings elsewhere in this manual violates the
safety standards of design, manufacture, and intended use of the instrument. B&K Precision
assumes no liability for a customer’s failure to comply with these requirements.

Category Rating

The IEC 61010 standard defines safety category ratings that specify the amount of electrical
energy available and the voltage impulses that may occur on electrical conductors associated
with these category ratings. The category rating is a Roman numeral of I, II, III, or IV. This rating
is also accompanied by a maximum voltage of the circuit to be tested, which defines the voltage
impulses expected and required insulation clearances. These categories are:

Category I (CAT I): Measurement instruments whose measurement inputs are not intended to
be connected to the mains supply. The voltages in the environment are typically derived from a
limited-energy transformer or a battery.

Category II (CAT II): Measurement instruments whose measurement inputs are meant to be
connected to the mains supply at a standard wall outlet or similar sources. Example
measurement environments are portable tools and household appliances.

Category III (CAT III): Measurement instruments whose measurement inputs are meant to be
connected to the mains installation of a building. Examples are measurements inside a
building's circuit breaker panel or the wiring of permanently-installed motors.

Category IV (CAT IV): Measurement instruments whose measurement inputs are meant to be
connected to the primary power entering a building or other outdoor wiring.

66

Do not use this instrument in an electrical environment with a higher category rating than what
is specified in this manual for this instrument.

You must ensure that each accessory you use with this instrument has a category rating equal
to or higher than the instrument's category rating to maintain the instrument's category rating.
Failure to do so will lower the category rating of the measuring system.

Electrical Power

This instrument is intended to be powered from a CATEGORY II mains power environment. The
mains power should be 120 V RMS or 240 V RMS. Use only the power cord supplied with the
instrument and ensure it is appropriate for your country of use.

Changing Line Voltage

Disconnect all cables including the power cord from the instrument when changing the
instrument's line voltage. After changing the line voltage setting, ensure the instrument has
fuses of the proper ratings and types for the selected line voltage before applying line power.

Ground the Instrument

To minimize shock hazard, the instrument chassis and cabinet must be connected to an
electrical safety ground. This instrument is grounded through the ground conductor of the
supplied, three-conductor AC line power cable. The power cable must be plugged into an
approved three-conductor electrical outlet. The power jack and mating plug of the power cable
meet IEC safety standards.

Do not alter or defeat the ground connection. Without the safety ground connection, all
accessible conductive parts (including control knobs) may provide an electric shock. Failure to
use a properly-grounded approved outlet and the recommended three-conductor AC line
power cable may result in injury or death.

Unless otherwise stated, a ground connection on the instrument's front or rear panel is for a
reference of potential only and is not to be used as a safety ground.

67

Probes and Test Leads

 If the instrument is used with test leads or probes, the test leads or probes must have a

safety category rating at least as high as that of the instrument to maintain the
instrument's safety category rating.

 Use only probes that have finger-guards that prevent fingers from slipping down the

probe body and contacting the probe's conductor.

 Inspect the probe or test leads for damage before using them. If you suspect a probe or

test lead is damaged, remove it from service, mark it as unusable, and return to B&K
Precision for maintenance service.

 Do not connect or disconnect test leads or probes from a circuit while that circuit is

connected to a voltage source or may have non-discharged energy storage devices.

 Connect the probe or test leads to the measurement instrument before connecting

them to the circuit to be tested. Disconnect the probe or test leads from the circuit to
be tested before disconnecting them from the measurement instrument.

 For probes that have a voltage reference lead (for example, scope probes with a

"ground lead"), connect the voltage reference lead only to conductors that are at
ground potential.

 Do not use the probe or test leads in a condensing environment or where flammable

materials (for example, dust, chemicals, or vapors) are present.

 Clean the probes or test leads only as instructed in their operating manuals.

Do not operate in an explosive or flammable atmosphere

Do not operate the instrument in the presence of flammable gases or vapors, fumes, or finely­divided particulates.

The instrument is designed to be used in office-type indoor environments. Do not operate the
instrument

68

 In the presence of noxious, corrosive, or flammable fumes, gases, vapors, chemicals, or

finely-divided particulates.

 In relative humidity conditions outside the instrument's specifications.
 In environments where there is a danger of any liquid being spilled on the instrument or

where any liquid can condense on the instrument.

 In air temperatures exceeding the specified operating temperatures.
 In atmospheric pressures outside the specified altitude limits or where the surrounding

gas is not air.

 In environments with restricted cooling air flow, even if the air temperatures are within

specifications.

 In direct sunlight.

This instrument is intended to be used in an indoor pollution degree 2 environment. The
operating temperature range is 0 °C to 40 °C and the operating humidity is ≤ 80 % relative
humidity, with no condensation allowed.

Measurements made by this instrument may be outside specifications if the instrument is used
in non-office-type environments. Such environments may include rapid temperature or
humidity changes, sunlight, vibration and/or mechanical shocks, acoustic noise, electrical noise,
strong electric fields, or strong magnetic fields.

Do not operate instrument if damaged

69

If the instrument is damaged, appears to be damaged, or if any liquid, chemical, or other
material gets on or inside the instrument, remove the instrument's power cord, remove the
instrument from service, label it as not to be operated, and return the instrument to B&K
Precision for repair. Notify B&K Precision of the nature of any contamination of the instrument.

Clean the instrument only as instructed

Do not clean the instrument, its switches, or its terminals with contact cleaners, abrasives,
lubricants, solvents, acids/bases, or other such chemicals. Clean the instrument only with a
clean dry lint-free cloth or as instructed in this manual.

Not for critical applications

This instrument is not authorized for use in contact with the human body or for use as a
component in a life-support device or system.

Do not touch live circuits

Instrument covers must not be removed by operating personnel. Component replacement and
internal adjustments must be made by qualified service-trained maintenance personnel who
are aware of the hazards involved when the instrument's covers and shields are removed.
Under certain conditions, even with the power cord removed, dangerous voltages may exist
when the covers are removed. To avoid injuries, always disconnect the power cord from the
instrument, disconnect all other connections (for example, test leads, computer interface
cables, etc.), discharge all circuits, and verify there are no hazardous voltages present on any
conductors by measurements with a properly-operating voltage-sensing device before touching
any internal parts. Verify the voltage-sensing device is working properly before and after
making the measurements by testing with known-operating voltage sources and test for both

DC and AC voltages. Do not attempt any service or adjustment unless another person capable of

rendering first aid and resuscitation is present.
Do not insert any object into an instrument's ventilation openings or other openings.

70

Hazardous voltages may be present in unexpected locations in circuitry being tested when a
fault condition in the circuit exists.

Fuse Replacement

Fuse replacement must be done by qualified service-trained maintenance personnel who are
aware of the instrument's fuse requirements and safe replacement procedures. Disconnect the
instrument from the power line before replacing fuses. Replace fuses only with new fuses of
the fuse types, voltage ratings, and current ratings specified in this manual or on the back of the
instrument. Failure to do so may damage the instrument, lead to a safety hazard, or cause a
fire. Failure to use the specified fuses will void the warranty.

Servicing

Do not substitute parts that are not approved by B&K Precision or modify this instrument.
Return the instrument to B&K Precision for service and repair to ensure that safety and
performance features are maintained.

ESD Sensitivity

This product uses components which can be damaged by electrostatic discharge (ESD). To
avoid damage, follow proper procedures for handling, storing and transporting parts and
subassemblies which contain ESD-sensitive components.

Cooling Fans

This instrument contains one or more cooling fans. For continued safe operation of the
instrument, the air inlet and exhaust openings for these fans must not be blocked nor must
accumulated dust or other debris be allowed to reduce air flow. Maintain at least 25 mm
clearance around the sides of the instrument that contain air inlet and exhaust ports. If
mounted in a rack, position power devices in the rack above the instrument to minimize
instrument heating while rack mounted. Do not continue to operate the instrument if you
cannot verify the fan is operating (note some fans may have intermittent duty cycles). Do not
insert any object into the fan's inlet or outlet.

For continued safe use of the instrument

71

 Do not place heavy objects on the instrument.
 Do not obstruct cooling air flow to the instrument.
 Do not place a hot soldering iron on the instrument.
 Do not pull the instrument with the power cord, connected probe, or connected test

lead.

 Do not move the instrument when a probe is connected to a circuit being tested.

72

Compliance Statements

This product is subject to Directive 2002/96/EC of the European
Parliament and the Council of the European Union on waste electrical
and electronic equipment (WEEE), and in jurisdictions adopting that
Directive, is marked as being put on the market after August 13, 2005,
and should not be disposed of as unsorted municipal waste. Please
utilize your local WEEE collection facilities in the disposition of this
product and otherwise observe all applicable requirements.

Disposal of Old Electrical & Electronic Equipment (Applicable in the European
Union and other European countries with separate collection systems)

73

CE Declaration of Conformity

This instrument meets the requirements of the Low Voltage Directive, 2006/95/EC and

Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive, 2004/108/EC using the standards referenced below:

Low Voltage

- EN 61010-1:2010

- EN 61010-2-030:2010

EMC Directive

- EN 61326-1:2013

- EN 61000-3-2:2006+A1:2009+A2:2009

- EN 61000-3-3:2008

74

Safety Symbols

Refer to the user manual for warning information to avoid hazard or
personal injury and prevent damage to instrument.

Electric Shock hazard

( )

On (Supply). This is the AC mains connect/disconnect switch on the
front of the instrument.

( )

Off (Supply). This is the AC mains connect/disconnect switch on the
front of the instrument.

Protective earth ground

CAUTION indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will
result in minor or moderate injury

WARNING indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could
result in death or serious injury

DANGER indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will
result in death or serious injury.

NOTICE is used to address practices not related to physical injury.

75

Notations

TEXT – Denotes a softkey.

TEXT – Denotes a front panel button.

76

Table of Contents

Safety Summary .................................................................................................................. 66

Compliance Statements ....................................................................................................... 73

CE Declaration of Conformity ............................................................................................... 74

Safety Symbols .................................................................................................................... 75

Notations ............................................................................................................................ 76

1 General Information ...................................................................................................... 81

1.1 Product Overview ............................................................................................................ 81

1.2 Package Contents ............................................................................................................ 81

1.3 Dimensions ...................................................................................................................... 82

1.4 Front Panel Overview ...................................................................................................... 83

1.5 Rear Panel Overview........................................................................................................ 84

1.6 Keypad Overview ............................................................................................................. 85

1.7 Display Overview ............................................................................................................. 86

2 Getting Started.............................................................................................................. 87

2.1 Input Power Requirements ............................................................................................. 87

2.2 Fuse Requirements .......................................................................................................... 87

2.3 Input Connections ........................................................................................................... 88

2.4 Preliminary Check ............................................................................................................ 89

2.5 Cable Calibration ............................................................................................................. 90

3 Front Panel Operation ................................................................................................... 92

3.1 Measurement Display ...................................................................................................... 93

3.1.1 OPTIONS ............................................................................................................. 94

3.1.2 FUNC ................................................................................................................... 95

3.1.3 RANGE ................................................................................................................ 95

3.1.4 SPEED .................................................................................................................. 96

3.1.5 TC/∆t ................................................................................................................... 96

3.2 Comparator Display ......................................................................................................... 97

3.2.1 OPTIONS ............................................................................................................. 98

3.2.2 COMP .................................................................................................................. 98

3.2.3 COMP MODE ...................................................................................................... 98

3.3 Bin Display ....................................................................................................................... 99

lxxvii

3.3.1 OPTIONS ........................................................................................................... 100

3.3.2 BIN .................................................................................................................... 100

3.3.3 BIN BEEP ........................................................................................................... 100

3.3.4 NG COLOR & GD COLOR ................................................................................... 100

3.4 Statistics Display ............................................................................................................ 101

3.4.1 OPTIONS ........................................................................................................... 102

3.4.2 EdgeMode ........................................................................................................ 102

3.4.3 Status ................................................................................................................ 102

3.4.4 Statistical Analysis Parameters ........................................................................ 103

4 Setup Menus ................................................................................................................ 105

4.1 Measurement Setup ...................................................................................................... 105

4.1.1 mR + b ............................................................................................................... 106

4.1.2 FUNC ................................................................................................................. 106

4.1.3 RANGE .............................................................................................................. 106

4.1.4 TRIG .................................................................................................................. 106

4.1.5 TRIG DELAY ....................................................................................................... 107

4.1.6 AVERAGE .......................................................................................................... 107

4.1.7 200mΩ .............................................................................................................. 107

4.1.8 DETECT ............................................................................................................. 107

4.1.9 Meas Mode ...................................................................................................... 108

4.1.10 Adjust ............................................................................................................... 108

4.2 Temperature Compensation (TC/∆t) Setup................................................................... 108

4.2.1 Parameter Settings ........................................................................................... 109

4.2.2 TC/∆t ................................................................................................................. 109

4.2.3 Types of Temperature Sensors ........................................................................ 110

4.2.4 Temperature Correction (TC) Function ............................................................ 110

4.2.5 Temperature Conversion (∆t) Function ........................................................... 110

4.2.6 Analog Input ..................................................................................................... 111

4.3 BIN SETUP ...................................................................................................................... 112

4.3.1 OPTIONS ........................................................................................................... 113

4.3.2 BIN NO. ............................................................................................................. 113

4.3.3 BIN 0 to 9 .......................................................................................................... 113

4.3.4 STATE ................................................................................................................ 113

4.3.5 BIN MODE ......................................................................................................... 113

4.4 SYSTEM SETUP ............................................................................................................... 114

4.4.1 OPTIONS ........................................................................................................... 114

4.4.2 TouchTone ........................................................................................................ 115

4.4.3 Language .......................................................................................................... 115

4.4.4 Password .......................................................................................................... 115

lxxviii

4.4.5 Bus Mode ......................................................................................................... 116

4.4.6 Baud Rate ......................................................................................................... 116

4.4.7 EOC Signal ......................................................................................................... 116

4.4.8 Err.OUT signal ................................................................................................... 117

4.4.9 Setting Time and Date ...................................................................................... 118

4.5 LAN SETUP ..................................................................................................................... 118

5 FILE MANAGER ............................................................................................................. 120

5.1 File Structure ................................................................................................................. 120

5.1.1 Saving Configuration Files ................................................................................ 120

5.1.2 Load Configuration Files ................................................................................... 121

5.1.3 Delete File ......................................................................................................... 121

5.1.4 Copy File to I:/E: ............................................................................................... 121

5.1.5 Select ................................................................................................................ 121

5.2 SAVE SCREEN ................................................................................................................. 122

5.3 USB Flash Driver Requirements ..................................................................................... 122

6 Specifications ............................................................................................................... 123

6.1 Specifications ................................................................................................................. 123

6.2 Basic Accuracy for Resistance Measurement ................................................................ 125

6.3 Resistance Measurement at Low Voltage Basic Accuracy ............................................ 126

6.4 Timing ............................................................................................................................ 127

6.5 Accuracy for Temperature Measurement (TPTC2) ....................................................... 127

6.6 Accuracy for Temperature Measurement (Analog Input) ............................................. 128

7 Remote Control ............................................................................................................ 129

7.1 RS232C ........................................................................................................................... 129

7.2 USBTMC ......................................................................................................................... 130

7.3 USB (USBCDC - Virtual COM) ......................................................................................... 130

7.4 LAN (Ethernet) ............................................................................................................... 131

7.5 Remote Commands ....................................................................................................... 131

8 Handler Interface ......................................................................................................... 132

8.1 Input Signals................................................................................................................... 132

8.2 Output Signal ................................................................................................................. 135

8.3 Power and Ground......................................................................................................... 135

8.4 Isolated Output .............................................................................................................. 136

9 SERVICE INFORMATION ................................................................................................ 137

lxxix

10 LIMITED THREE-YEAR WARRANTY ................................................................................ 138

lxxx

1 General Information

1.1 Product Overview

The BK Precision’s 2841 DC Resistance Meter is can handle a broad range of resistances

measurements. Its maximum accuracy of 0.01% and its range, 0.1 μΩ to 110 MΩ are vividly
displayed on the color LCD touchscreen in 5½ digits. The 2841 is ideal for testing resistances
found in PCBs, conductors, relay contacts, interconnections, welding-holes as well as resistors
and bigger components. In addition, the 2841 is capable of accurately measuring temperature­sensitive resistors due to its temperature correction and conversion functions. The statistical
analysis function provides the average, maximum, minimum, population standard deviation and
sample standard deviation of the measured datasets. The statistical analysis can also provide
the Process Capability Index (Cp, Cpk) which indicates the ability of a process to produce an
output within the user’s specification limits.

Features:

 Measurement Range: 0.1 μΩ to 110 MΩ
 Minimum resolution: 0.1 μΩ
 Maximum accuracy: 0.01%

 Temperature accuracy: 0.1℃
 Multiple measurement combinations of R, LPR, T

 Temperature Correction (TC) and Temperature Conversion(∆t)
 Offset Voltage Compensation (OVC)
 Bin sorting comparator with up to 10 bins
 Process Capability Index (Cp)
 Standard USB, RS232C, and LAN interface
 Intelligent detection for test state error
 Handler interface for on-line operation.

 4.3” LCD touchscreen, 480×272 resolution

1.2 Package Contents

Please inspect the instrument mechanically and electrically upon receiving it. Unpack all items
from the shipping carton, and check for any obvious signs of physical damage that may have
occurred during transportation. Report any damage to the shipping agent immediately. Save

81

the original packing carton for possible future reshipment. Every instrument is shipped with the
following contents:

1 x 2841 Series DC Resistance meter
1 x 4-terminal Kelvin test clips
1 x Temperature Probe
1 x AC Power Cord
1 x Certificate of Calibration
1 x Test Report

Verify that all items above are included in the shipping container. If anything is missing, please
contact B&K Precision.

Note: User manual is available for download at www.bkprecision.com

1.3 Dimensions

The 2841 dimensions are approximately: 255 mm x 110 mm x 361 mm (10.04 in x 4.33 in x

14.22 in) (W x H x D).

Figure 34 - Dimensions

82

1.4 Front Panel Overview

①

USB Interface

②

LCD Touchscreen

③

DISP

④

FILE

⑤

SETUP

⑥

0 ADJ

⑦

Test Terminals

⑧

TRIGGER

⑨

ENTER

⑩

Universal Arrow Keys

⑪

Power

Front Panel Description

Figure 35 - Front Panel

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1.5 Rear Panel Overview

①

Ground Terminal

②

RS-232 Serial Interface

③

Power Socket

④

Fuse Socket

⑤

Temperature input

⑥

USB Interface

⑦

LAN Interface

⑧

Handler Interface

Rear Panel Description

Figure 36 - Rear Panel

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1.6 Keypad Overview

DISP key
Enters the main measurement display and opens display options

SETUP key
Enters the setup menu.

FILE key
Enters the internal and external file manager

0 ADJ key
Executes zero adjustment function

TRIGGER key
Manual trigger when trigger mode is set to MANU (manual)

ENTER key
Confirms setting

Universal Arrow Keys
Used to navigate any menu

Keypad Description

Figure 37 - Keypad

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1.7 Display Overview

①

Display Name - Shows the current display name

②

DATA – Access to save screen and file management (internal or external)

③

OPTIONS – Access to additional display specific functions

④

MENU OPTIONS – Displays the function menu depending on cursor location

⑤

FUNCTION –Access to measurement options

⑥

RESULTS DISPLAY – Shows values of ongoing measurement

Display Description

Figure 38 - Display

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2 Getting Started

The included AC power cord is safety certified for this instrument operating in
rated range. To change a cable or add an extension cable, be sure that it can meet
the required power ratings for this instrument. Any misuse with wrong or unsafe
cables will void the warranty.

Before replacing fuse, disconnect AC input power cord first to prevent electric shock.

Only use a fuse of the same rating as required. Using a different rated fuse will damage the
instrument.

Fuse Specification

T1AL 250V

Before connecting and powering up the instrument, please review and go through the
instructions in this chapter.

2.1 Input Power Requirements

The supply has a universal AC input that accepts line voltage input within:
Voltage: 110 V – 240 V (±10%)
Frequency: 50 Hz – 60 Hz (±5%)
Power supply power range: ≤ 30VA

 The instrument has 50 and 60 Hz user selectable line filter in Error! Reference source

ot found.. Select 50 Hz or 60 Hz to match the line frequency. If the input power line has

excessive noise, additional external noise filtering may be required.

 Before connecting to an AC outlet or external power source, make sure that the power

switch is in the OFF position and verify that the AC power cord, including the extension
line, is compatible with the rated voltage/current and that there is sufficient circuit
capacity for the power supply. Once verified, connect the cable firmly.

2.2 Fuse Requirements

An AC input fuse is necessary when powering the instrument. The fuse is located at the back of
the instrument. In the event the fuse needs to be replaced, make sure the AC input power cord
is disconnected from the instrument before replacing. The below table shows the fuse required
for all specified AC input voltages.

Table 9 - Fuse Specification

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Check and/or Change Fuse

Any disassembling of the case or changing the fuse not performed by an authorized service
technician will void the warranty of the instrument.

ALIGNMENT ARROWS

1. Locate the fuse box next to the AC input connector in the rear panel (see Figure 3 - Rear

Panel)

2. With a small flat blade screwdriver, insert into the fuse box slit to pull and slide out the

fuse box as indicated below.

3. Check and replace fuse (if necessary).

Figure 39 - Replacing Fuse

2.3 Input Connections

The instrument uses 4-terminal Kelvin test clips to measure more accurately and attain a higher
level of performance than 2-terminal clips. Connect the cable to HI and LO terminals on the
instrument front panel. Check the color and alignment arrows conformity of the test fixture
with that of the connectors (see Figure 8). Do not insert the connectors vertically as this will
cause inaccurate measurements (see Figure 9).

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Figure 40 Connection Alignment

Figure 41 Do Not Connect Vertically

2.4 Preliminary Check

Complete the following steps to verify that the instrument is ready for use.

1. Verify AC Input Voltage

Verify and check to make sure proper AC voltages are available to power the instrument.
The AC voltage range must meet the acceptable specification as explained in Input
Power Requirements.

2. Connect Power

Connect AC power cord to the AC receptacle in the rear panel and press the power
switch to the | ( ) ON position to turn ON the instrument. The instrument will have
a boot screen while loading (see Figure 10), after which the main screen will be
displayed.

After power on, the loading screen will be displayed for about five seconds. The firmware
version is found on the loading screen:

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Figure 42 - Boot Screen

If password protection is enabled, the user will have to input the password to operate the unit.
The default password is 2841 See 4.3.4 Password for more details.

2.5 Cable Calibration

The resistance in the 4-terminal cables can be compensated for through the zero adjustment (0
ADJ) function. This should be performed when connecting a new cable to the instrument, when
the environment temperature changes ±5 °C, or when desired.

Complete the following steps to perform the cable calibration:

1. Warm-up the instrument for 30 minutes.

2. Short the 4-terminal connectors together (see Figure 11).

3. Ensure DRIVE+ is aligned with DRIVE- and SENSE+ is aligned with SENSE-.

4. Select a resistance range or AUTO to calibrate for all ranges.

5. Initiate the calibration function. Press 0 ADJ on the front panel.

6. Calibration time is affected by the SPEED, AVERAGE samples, and auto ranging.

Note: If step 3 is not performed, zero adjustment will fail at the 20 mΩ and AUTO range.

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White – DRIVE+

Blue – DRIVE-

Red – SENSE+

Black – SENSE-

Figure 43 Short Connection

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3 Front Panel Operation

The touchscreen menu displays contains all measurement and function options. The universal
arrow keys along with the ENTER key can also be used to navigate the touchscreen. The
measurement display menu consists of a primary menu and a secondary menu shown to the
right of the screen.

There are 4 measurement operation displays:

1. Error! Reference source not found.Measurement Display

2. Comparator Display

3. Bin Display

4. Statistics DisplayError! Reference source not found.

Each display and setup page has a DATA option for quick access to the file manager and save
screen function. See 5 FILE MANAGER for details.

When prompted to enter a numeric value, the numeric keypad will be displayed. Press Enter to
confirm the value or u, m, k or M to confirm the value with the corresponding magnitude.

u = 10-6; m = 10-3; k = 103; M = 106

Figure 44 Numeric Keypad

When prompted to enter an alphanumeric value, the alphanumeric keypad will be displayed.

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Figure 45 Alphanumeric Keypad

3.1 Measurement Display

The Measurement Display (MEAS DISP) is the main page for displaying resistance and
temperature measurements. See Error! Reference source not found. Error! Reference source
t found. for additional options. To access the page press the DISP button and select MEAS DISP
in menu options.

Figure 46 - Measurement Display

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Touch the measurement result area to zoom the display, removing the menu options from the

OPTIONS

•DISP

•0 ADJ

Compensation

•0 ADJ

•OVC

•SELF CAL

•SAVE DATA

FUNC

•R

•R-T

•T

•LPR

•LPR-T

RANGE

•AUTO

•HOLD

•↑

•↓

SPEED

•FAST

•MED

•SLOW1

•SLOW2

TC/∆t

•TC

•∆t

display. Touch again to return to the normal screen display.

Figure 47 Zoom Display

The following parameters are accessible from the Measurement Display.

3.1.1 OPTIONS

The OPTIONS key allows the user to access the additional measurement options menu.

The measurement options are:

 DISP (ON/OFF): Toggle the measurement results display on and off
 0 ADJ (ON/OFF): Toggle the zero adjustment offset. OFF will not include the offset in the

measurement calculation.

o Example: If 0 ADJ offset = 0.1 mΩ in the 20 mΩ range, measured value = 5 mΩ

 0 ADJ ON: 4.9000 mΩ will be displayed

 0 ADJ: Execute zero adjustment. See 2.5 for more details.
 Cable Calibration.

 0 ADJ OFF: 5.0000 mΩ will be displayed

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 OVC (ON/OFF): Toggle Offset Voltage Compensation on and off. OVC increases accuracy at the

Removing the USB flash drive before pressing STOP SAVE will result in the loss of the
recorded data. The CSV is rewritten every time.

Note: OVC - When two different materials come into contact, a thermo electromotive force (EMF) will be
generated on the contact surface and will vary with the ambient temperature. The higher the ambient
temperature is, the larger the thermo electromotive force will be. The principle of OVC is to apply an inverse

current through the test terminals and the formula is 





, where Rp is a positive value, Rn is a negative

value.

cost of increased measurement time.

 SELF CAL (AUTO/MANU): Toggle between auto and manual. See 4.1.7 0 ADJ for details.

 SAVE DATA: Enabled when a USB flash drive is attached. When activated, resistance and

temperature data is continuously saved to an auto-generated CSV onto the drive. The
key changes to STOP SAVE to terminate the function. SAVE DATA is disabled if no USB
flash drive is attached.

3.1.2 FUNC

The FUNC key allows the user to measure resistance in normal or low voltage modes and
display temperature.

The measurement modes are:

 R: Resistance
 R-T: Resistance and Temperature
 T: Temperature
 LPR: Resistance tested at low voltage
 LPR-T: Resistance tested at low voltage and temperature

3.1.3 RANGE

There are 2 resistance measurement modes:

6. Measurement Mode (R, R-T) with 11 ranges:
 20 mΩ, 200 mΩ, 2 Ω, 20 Ω, 200 Ω, 2 kΩ, 20 kΩ, 100 kΩ, 1 MΩ, 10 MΩ, 100 MΩ

7. Measurement Mode at Low Voltage (LPR, LPR-T) with 4 ranges:
 2 Ω, 20 Ω, 200 Ω, 2 kΩ

Follow the instructions below to set the resistance measurement ranges.

1. Touch the RANGE key, the following menu options will be displayed:

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 AUTO: Automatically selects the range mode depending on the resistance

Note: In SLOW2, SLOW1 or MED mode, the resolution of the measurement is 6 digits. FAST mode is 5 digits.

detected.

 HOLD: Lock to the current resistance measurement range.
 ↑ (+): Increase measurement range and sets the measurement to HOLD.
 ↓ (- ): Decrease measurement range and sets the measurement to HOLD.

If FUNC is set to T, resistance RANGE menu options are disabled and will display AUTO.
The temperature measurement (T) range is fixed at -10

o

C to 99.9

o

C.

3.1.4 SPEED

The SPEED controls the measurement time. In SLOW1 and SLOW2 mode noise is lower but
measurement time is increased. FAST mode performs high speed measurements but with
increased noise. See Error! Reference source not found. Error! Reference source not found. for
ming details.

Follow the instructions below to set the measurement speed.

1. Touch the SPEED key, the following menu options will be displayed:

 FAST
 MED
 SLOW1
 SLOW2

3.1.5 TC/∆t

The TC/∆t option allows the user to enable the temperature compensation functions. Touch
the TC/∆t key, the following menu options will be displayed:

 OFF: Disable all temperature compensation functions
 TC: Enable Temperature Correction. See 4.2.4 for details.
 ∆t: Enable Temperature Conversion. See 4.2.5 for details.

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3.2 Comparator Display

The Comparator Display (COMP DISP) page compares the resistance measurement to absolute
limits or a nominal value ± a percentage. The total count (TOT) is incremented and the result is
categorized as high (HI), low (LO), or in (IN). To access the page press the DISP button and
select COMP DISP in menu options.

Figure 48 - Comparator Display

Touch the measurement result area to enlarge display, removing the menu options from the
display.

Figure 49 Comparator Display Enlarged

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The following parameters are accessible from the Comparator Display.

Removing the USB flash drive before pressing STOP SAVE will result in the loss of the
recorded data. The CSV is rewritten every time.

OPTIONS

• DISP

• COMP BEEP

• COUNT

• COUNT CLEAR

• SAVE DATA

COMP

• OFF

• ON

COMP MODE

• %

• NOM

• %

• ABS

• HIGH

• LOW

3.2.1 OPTIONS

The OPTIONS key allows the user to access the additional comparator option menu.
The options are:

 DISP (ON/OFF): Toggle the measurement results display on and off
 COMP BEEP (OFF/NG/GD): Toggles beep between off, not good (NG) and good (GD).
 COUNT (ON/OFF): ON begins the comparator count if COMP is ON. Count increments

based on trigger settings. OFF stops the count.

 COUNT CLEAR: HI, LO, IN, and TOT counts are reset to 0.
 SAVE DATA: Enabled when a USB flash drive is attached. When activated, resistance and

temperature data is continuously saved to an auto-generated CSV onto the drive. The
key changes to STOP SAVE to terminate the function. SAVE DATA is disabled if no USB
flash drive attached.

3.2.2 COMP

The COMP key turns the comparator functions ON and OFF. Results are in the results display
area. COMP: NC will be displayed if COMP is OFF.

3.2.3 COMP MODE

The COMP MODE key allows the user to access two comparator modes.

 % (Percent Error): The user can set the nominal value (NOM) and the percent error (%).

If the nominal value is 100 and percentage is 10, the tolerance will be 100±10%. The
instrument will compare the measured value to the tolerance and determine if the DUT
is HI (above tolerance), LO (below tolerance), or IN (within tolerance). The display will
show ± percent (∆) difference the measurement is from the nominal value.

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Figure 50 Comparator Display Percent Error

 ABS (Absolute): The user can set absolute HIGH and LOW limits. The instrument will

compare the measured value to the absolute limits and determine if the DUT is HI
(above the upper limit), LO (below the lower limit), or IN (within limits).

3.3 Bin Display

The Bin Display (BIN DISP) page places the resistance measurement in up to 10 user-defined
bins. See Error! Reference source not found. Error! Reference source not found. for instructions
define bins. The bin operation is executed when the instrument is triggered. To access the page
press the DISP button and select BIN DISP in menu options.

Figure 51 - Bin Display

When the measurement is outside of a bin’s tolerance, it is defined as NOT GOOD (NG). When
the measurement is inside of a bin’s tolerance, it is defined as GOOD (GD).

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The following parameters are accessible from the Bin Display.

Removing the USB flash drive before pressing STOP SAVE will result in the loss of the
recorded data. The CSV is rewritten every time.

OPTIONS

• DISP

• SAVE DATA

BIN

• OFF

• ON

BIN BEEP

• OFF

• NG

• GD

NG COLOR

• OFF

• GRAY

• RED

• GREEN

GD COLOR

• OFF

• GRAY

• RED

• GREEN

3.3.1 OPTIONS

The OPTIONS key allows the user to access the additional bin options menu.

The options are:

 DISP (ON/OFF): Toggle the resistance measurement results display on and off
 SAVE DATA: Enabled when a USB flash drive is attached. When activated, resistance and

temperature data is continuously saved to an auto-generated CSV onto the drive. The
key changes to STOP SAVE to terminate the function. SAVE DATA is disabled if no USB
flash drive attached.

3.3.2 BIN

The BIN key turns the bin function and the bin results display on and off. Each bin is replaced
with a horizontal line (  ) when the function is off.

3.3.3 BIN BEEP

This option allows the user to select whether the unit will beep when a bin is determined. The
user can select one of the following options:

 OFF: Turns off the bin beep function.
 NG: When the measurement result is different from the bin setting the beep will sound.
 GD: When the measurement result conforms to the bin setting the beep will sound.

3.3.4 NG COLOR & GD COLOR

The user can select what color will be displayed when the measurement is NG or GD. While the
NG COLOR and GD COLOR settings can be set with the same color, it is recommended to use
different colors to distinguish between a NG and GD measurement.

NG COLOR

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