Bird Technologies 5019D User Manual

Wideband Power Sensor

Models 5012D, 5016D,

5017D, 5018D and 5019D

OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

©Copyright 2014 by Bird Electronic Corporation

Instruction Book Part Number 920-5012S Rev. J

Safety Precautions

The following are general safety precautions that are not neces­sarily related to any specific part or procedure, and do not nec­essarily appear elsewhere in this publication. These precautions
must be thoroughly understood and apply to all phases of oper­ation and maintenance.

WARNING

Keep Away From Live Circuits

Operating Personnel must at all times observe general safety

precautions. Do not replace components or make

adjustments to the inside of the test equipment with the

high voltage supply turned on. To avoid casualties, always

remove power.

WARNING

Shock Hazard

Do not attempt to remove the RF transmission line while

RF power is present.

WARNING

Do Not Service Or Adjust Alone

Under no circumstances should any person reach into an

enclosure for the purpose of service or adjustment of
equipment except in the presence of someone who is

capable of rendering aid.

i

WARNING

Safety Earth Ground

An uniterruptible earth safety ground must be supplied from the

main power source to test instruments. Grounding one

conductor of a two conductor power cable is not sufficient

protection. Serious injury or death can occur if this grounding is

not properly supplied.

WARNING

Resuscitation

Personnel working with or near high voltages should be

familiar with modern methods of resuscitation.

Safety Symbols

WARNING

Warning notes call attention to a procedure, which if not

correctly performed, could result in personal injury.

CAUTION

Caution notes call attention to a procedure, which if not

correctly performed, could result in damage to the

instrument.

Note: Calls attention to supplemental information.

ii

Warning Statements

The following safety warnings appear in the text where there
is danger to operating and maintenance personnel, and are
repeated here for emphasis.

WARNING

Never attempt to connect or disconnect RF equipment from

the transmission line while RF power is being applied.

Leaking RF energy is a potential health hazard.

On page 3.

WARNING

Do not interrupt the calibration.

On page 6

Caution Statements

The following equipment cautions appear in the text and are
repeated here for emphasis.

iii

Safety Statements

USAGE

ANY USE OF THIS INSTRUMENT IN A MANNER NOT
SPECIFIED BY THE MANUFACTURER MAY IMPAIR
THE INSTRUMENT’S SAFETY PROTECTION.

USO

EL USO DE ESTE INSTRUMENTO DE MANERA
NO ESPECIFICADA POR EL FABRICANTE, PUEDE
ANULAR LA PROTECCIÓN DE SEGURIDAD DEL
INSTRUMENTO.

BENUTZUNG

WIRD DAS GERÄT AUF ANDERE WEISE
VERWENDET ALS VOM HERSTELLER
BESCHRIEBEN, KANN DIE GERÄTESICHERHEIT
BEEINTRÄCHTIGT WERDEN.

UTILISATION

TOUTE UTILISATION DE CET INSTRUMENT QUI
N’EST PAS EXPLICITEMENT PRÉVUE PAR LE
FABRICANT PEUT ENDOMMAGER LE DISPOSITIF
DE PROTECTION DE L’INSTRUMENT.

IMPIEGO

QUALORA QUESTO STRUMENTO VENISSE
UTILIZZATO IN MODO DIVERSO DA COME
SPECIFICATO DAL PRODUTTORE LA PROZIONE
DI SICUREZZA POTREBBE VENIRNE
COMPROMESSA.

iv

SERVICE

SERVICING INSTRUCTIONS ARE FOR USE BY
SERVICE - TRAINED PERSONNEL ONLY. TO AVOID
DANGEROUS ELECTRIC SHOCK, DO NOT PERFORM
ANY SERVICING UNLESS QUALIFIED TO DO SO.

SERVICIO

LAS INSTRUCCIONES DE SERVICIO SON PARA
USO EXCLUSIVO DEL PERSONAL DE SERVICIO
CAPACITADO. PARA EVITAR EL PELIGRO DE
DESCARGAS ELÉCTRICAS, NO REALICE NINGÚN
SERVICIO A MENOS QUE ESTÉ CAPACITADO
PARA HACERIO.

WARTUNG

ANWEISUNGEN FÜR DIE WARTUNG DES
GERÄTES GELTEN NUR FÜR GESCHULTES
FACHPERSONAL. ZUR VERMEIDUNG
GEFÄHRLICHE, ELEKTRISCHE SCHOCKS, SIND
WARTUNGSARBEITEN AUSSCHLIEßLICH VON
QUALIFIZIERTEM SERVICEPERSONAL
DURCHZUFÜHREN.

ENTRENTIEN

L’EMPLOI DES INSTRUCTIONS D’ENTRETIEN
DOIT ÊTRE RÉSERVÉ AU PERSONNEL FORMÉ
AUX OPÉRATIONS D’ENTRETIEN. POUR
PRÉVENIR UN CHOC ÉLECTRIQUE DANGEREUX,
NE PAS EFFECTUER D’ENTRETIEN SI L’ON N’A
PAS ÉTÉ QUALIFIÉ POUR CE FAIRE.

v

ASSISTENZA TECNICA

LE ISTRUZIONI RELATIVE ALL’ASSISTENZA
SONO PREVISTE ESCLUSIVAMENTE PER IL
PERSONALE OPPORTUNAMENTE ADDESTRATO.
PER EVITARE PERICOLOSE SCOSSE ELETTRICHE
NON EFFETTUARRE ALCUNA RIPARAZIONE A
MENO CHE QUALIFICATI A FARLA.

vi

About This Manual

This manual covers the operating and maintenance instruc­tions for the following models:

5012D 5016D 5017D

5018D 5019D

Changes to this Manual

We have made every effort to ensure this manual is accurate.
If you discover any errors, or if you have suggestions for
improving this manual, please send your comments to our
Solon, Ohio factory. This manual may be periodically updated.
When inquiring about updates to this manual refer to the part
number and revision on the title page.

Literature Contents

Chapter Layout

Introduction — Describes the features of the Wideband

Power Sensor and Element Types.

Installation — Describes how to connection and install the

Wideband Power Sensor into the system that is being monitored.

Operation — Describes how to run and maintain the Wide-

band Power Sensor.

Specifications - Describes the basic information, settings,

and ranges of the Wideband Power Sensor

vii

Table of Contents

Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i

Safety Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii

Warning Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii

Caution Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii

Safety Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv

About This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii

Changes to this Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii

Literature Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii

Chapter Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii

Chapter 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Chapter 2 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Chapter 3 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Zeroing Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

5000-EX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

5000-XT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Function Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Average Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

VSWR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Rho . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

VSWR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Return Loss (dB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

viii

Video Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Peak Envelope Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Burst Average Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Crest Factor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Complementary Cumulative

Distribution Function (CCDF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Low Repetition Rate Waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Chapter 4 Specifcations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

5012D Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Sensor Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Average Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Match Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Peak Envelope Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Burst Average Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Crest Factor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Complementary Cumulative

Distribution Function (CCDF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Physical and Environmental Specifications . . . . . . . . 20

5016D Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Sensor Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Average Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Match Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Peak Envelope Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Burst Average Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Crest Factor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Complementary Cumulative

Distribution Function (CCDF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Physical and Environmental Specifications . . . . . . . . 27

5017D Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Sensor Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

ix

Average Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Match Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Peak Envelope Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Burst Average Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Crest Factor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Complementary Cumulative

Distribution Function (CCDF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Physical and Environmental Specifications . . . . . . . . 33

5018D Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Sensor Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Average Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Match Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Peak Envelope Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Burst Average Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Crest Factor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Complementary Cumulative

Distribution Function (CCDF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Physical and Environmental Specifications . . . . . . . . 39

5019D Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Sensor Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Average Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Match Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Peak Envelope Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Burst Average Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Crest Factor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Complementary Cumulative

Distribution Function (CCDF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Physical and Environmental Specifications . . . . . . . . 45

Limited Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

x

xi

Chapter 1 Introduction

Description

The Bird 5012D, 5016D, 5017D, 5018D, and 5019D Wideband
Power Sensor (WPS) is a Thruline sensor that can measure
average, peak, or burst power, VSWR, crest factor, and Com­plementary Cumulative Distribution Function (CCDF). It can be
used with the Bird 5000-EX and 5000-XT Digital Power Meters
(DPM), Site Analyzer, SignalHawk and the Bird Virtual Power
Meter Software (VPM).

Note: Firmware upgrades extending the WPS’s
capabilities may be periodically released. For the
latest firmware upgrade, contact Bird Customer
Service at [phone] or visit our website at
http://www.bird-technologies.com

1

2

Chapter 2 Installation

Connections

Note: VPM1

5012D
5016D
5017D
5018D
5019D

ONLY for Serial
Connections.

5012A

USB Only

USB & Serial

Serial Only

WARNING

Never attempt to connect or disconnect RF equipment from

the transmission line while RF power is being applied.

Leaking RF energy is a potential health hazard.

To connect the WPS to the Digital Power Meter, use the serial
cable provided. Connect the male end of the cable to the DPM
and the female end to the WPS. A separate power supply for
the WPS is not required when using a DPM.

Note: Connect the WPS to the RF line so that the
arrow on the sensor points towards the load.

There are two ways to connect the WPS to a PC running the
Virtual Power Meter Software:

3

 FOR USE WITH OLDER VPM1 SOFTWARE ONLY: To

connect using the serial port, first connect a 12V DC
power supply to the WPS. Once the STATUS LED turns
on and begins blinking, use the serial cable provided
and connect the female end of the cable to the com­puter and the male end to the WPS. The WPS must be
powered up before connecting to the PC.

 FOR USE WITH EITHER VPM1 OR VPM2 SOFTWARE:

To connect using the USB port, connect the USB cable
to the computer and to the WPS. A separate power
supply is not required when using the USB port.

Note: When using the optional serial to USB
adapter, connect the WPS serial port to the
adapter’s serial port, and the adapter’s USB
connector to the PC.

4

Chapter 3 Operation

Zeroing Sensor

5000-EX

Over time, the sensor’s “zero value” (reading with no applied RF
power) can drift due to environmental factors (temperature,
humidity, etc.) This can make the readings performed by this sen­sor less accurate by the drift value. If the drift would be a significant
error, re zero the sensor.

1. Ensure the sensor has reached a stable operating tem­perature.

2. Ensure no RF power is applied to the sensor.

3. Press “Zero” to begin Calibration.

Note: Calibration will take about 40 seconds. Do
not interrupt the calibration! A bar on the screen
will display calibration progress.

4. Do one of the following:

 If the calibration is successful, “Cal Pass” or “Calibra-

tion
Complete” will be displayed.

a. Press any key to return to normal operation.

5

 If calibration fails, “Cal Fail” will be displayed.

a. Press a key to return to normal operation,
b. Ensure that the WPS is properly connected, and the

RF is off.

c. Rezero. Go back to Step 3.

5000-XT

1. Make sure the sensor has reached a stable operating
temperature.

2. Make sure no RF power is applied to the sensor.

3. Press and hold “0” for two seconds to begin zero cali­bration.

WARNING

Do not interrupt the calibration.

Note: “Zero/Cal” will be displayed and calibration
will begin.

Note: Zeroing the sensor takes 60 seconds. The
bar graph will display calibration progress.

Note: When complete, “PASS” should be displayed.

4. Press Enter to return to normal operation when zeroing is
complete.

Note: If “FAIL” is displayed, make sure no RF power
is applied to the sensor and perform the procedure
again.

6

Function Descriptions

Figure 1 Average and Peak Envelope Power -

Square Wave Signal

Average Power

Average power is a measure of the equivalent “heating”
power of a signal, as measured with a calorimeter. It mea­sures the total RF power in the system, and does not depend
on number of carriers or modulation scheme. The WPS is a
broadband sensor that measures power across its entire fre­quency range. Its diodes operate in their ‘square law’ region
so that the detector output is directly proportional to the
average power, without any additional error correction.

Average power is the most important measurement of any
transmission system since the average power is normally speci­fied on the operating license. It is also valuable as a mainte­nance tool, showing overall system health, and for calibration.

7

VSWR

VSWR measures the relation between forward and reflected
average power. The Bird Wideband Power Sensor calculates
the VSWR from the Forward and Reflected Average Power
measurements. Rho and Return Loss are also the same mea­surement, but in different units:

Rho

Rho  PRPF=

VSWR

VSWR

1 +

------------=
1 –

Return Loss (dB)

ReturnLoss dB10 PRPFlog=

The health of the feedline and antenna systems can be moni­tored using VSWR measurement under full power operating
conditions. High VSWR is an indicator of feed line damage,
overtightened cable or feed line clamps, or antenna changes/
damage due to weather conditions, icing, or structural dam­age to the tower.

8

Video Filter

Figure 2 Video Filter Settings, 300 kHz Signal

Except for average power and VSWR measurements, all WPS
measurements rely on a variable video filter to improve accu­racy. This filter can be set to either 4.5 kHz, 400 kHz, or full
bandwidth. It should be as narrow as possible while still being
larger than the demodulated signal bandwidth (video band­width). Narrowing the filter limits the noise contribution
caused by interfering signals. Listed below are some common
modulation schemes and the appropriate video filter.

Video Filter Modulation Type

4.5 kHz CW Burst (Burst width > 150 μs), Voice Band
AM, FM, Phase Modulation, Tetra

400 kHz CW Burst (b.w. > 3 μs), GSM, 50 kHz AM,

DQPSK

Full
Bandwidth

CW Burst (b.w. > 200 ns), CDMA, WCDMA,
DQPSK, DAB/DVB-T

9

Peak Envelope Power

Peak power measurements detect amplitude changes as a sig­nal modulates the carrier envelope. The WPS operates in an
asynchronous cycle: 300 ms of waveform sampling followed by
a 50 ms reset period. The peak power is then displayed and the
cycle repeats. The display therefore updates about three times
per second.

Transmitter overdrive can be detected with peak measure­ments. Common problems are overshoot at the beginning of
burst packets, amplitude modulation, and excessive tran­sients. These damage system components with excessive peak
power and also cause data degradation, increasing the Bit
Error Rate. For TDMA applications, Peak and Burst Power
measurements are used to detect overshoot in single
timeslots. Other timeslots must be turned off for this test.

10

Burst Average Power

Figure 3 Burst Average Power

Burst width (BW) is the duration of a pulse. Period (P) is the
time from the start of one pulse to the start of the next pulse.
Duty cycle (D) is the percentage of time that the transmitter is
on. To calculate the duty cycle simply divide the burst width by
the period (D = BW / P). Low duty cycles mean that the burst
width is much less than the period; a large amount of dead
time surrounds each burst. For low duty cycles, the burst aver­age power will be much larger than the average power.

After peak power is measured, a threshold of ½ the peak is
set. The sampled power crosses that threshold at the begin­ning and end of each burst. The time between crossings is
used to calculate the duty cycle. Burst Average Power is calcu­lated by dividing the Average Power by the Duty Cycle.

Burst power measurements provide accurate, stable mea­surements in bursting applications such as TDMA and radar.
Accurately measuring the output signal strength is essential
for optimizing radar coverage patterns. Actual transmitted
power in a single timeslot can be deter-mined in TDMA. The
other timeslots must be off during this test.

11

Crest Factor

Figure 4 Crest Factor - 10 dB CDMA Signal - 100 W

Peak - 10 W Ave

Crest factor (CF) is the ratio of the peak and average powers, in
dB. The WPS calculates the Crest Factor from the Forward Peak
and Average Power measurements.

Crest factor is becoming one of the most important measure­ments as communication systems move into the digital age. For
CDMA and similar modulation types the CF may reach 10 dB. If
the crest factor is too large, the transmitter will not be able to
handle the peak powers and amplitude distortion will occur.
Crest factor can also detect overdrive and overshoot problems.
Knowing the CF allows end-users to more accurately set base
station power and lower operating costs.

12

Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function (CCDF)

Figure 5 CCDF - 100 W Signal - 80 W Threshold -

20% CCDF

CCDF measures the amount of time the power is above a
threshold. Equivalently, it is the probability that any single
measurement will be above the threshold. The WPS samples
the power over a 300 ms window and compares it to a user­specified threshold, in Watts. The time above the threshold
relative to the total time is the CCDF.

CCDF measurements are most useful for pseudo-random sig­nals, such as WCDMA, where a high CCDF means that the trans­mitter is being overdriven. CCDF can also detect amplitude
distortion within an envelope caused by unwanted modulating
signals. In TDMA systems, CCDF indicates the health of power
amplifier stages and their ability to sustain rated power over an
appropriate timeframe. As a trouble-shooting aid, CCDF allows
tracking of trends such as amplifier overdrive (which can cause
dropped calls and high bit error rates).

13

Low Repetition Rate Waveforms

Many of today's channel access methods involve the use of
low repetition frequency time division-multiple access
(TDMA) techniques. Examples of these relatively new TDMA
formats include Digital Mobile Radio(DMR), and TETRA sys­tems. The DMR format uses an approach where two discrete
time slots provide access to a single 25 kHz communication
channel, providing the equivalent of 12.S kHz channel band­width for the system. The modulation techniques used within
these systems vary, from relatively benign forms of frequency
shift keying, to more complex quadrature formats such as
Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK).When measuring the
power output of transmitters using the DMR format, the base
station transmitters will normally transmit with both time
slots active, even if there is no traffic on one of the time slots.
Under these conditions, it is a simple matter to measure the
average power of this continuous waveform. When measuring
the output power of subscriber units however, normal opera­tion is to use only one time slot, approximately 30 ms in dura­tion, followed by approximately 30 ms at zero power in the
interval where the other time slot would normally be located.
The remaining waveform resembles a 30 ms burst, occurring
at a 17 Hz repetition rate. Since the measurement of average
power under this condition would result in an unstable read­ing, the correct measurement would be that of burst average
power. When making this measurement, the sensor will mea­sure the duty cycle of the signal, as well as the average power,
and compute the burst average power of the waveform based
upon these parameters.

14

Figure 6 Low Rep Waveform

15

16

Chapter 4 Specifcations

5012D Specifications

Sensor Characteristics

Frequency Range 350 MHz to 4 GHz
RF Power Range 0.15 W to 150 W average, 4W to 400

W peak

Maximum Power See Figure 8 on page 19.
Impedance, Nominal 50 ohms
Insertion Loss, Max:

0.35 – 1 GHz
1 – 4 GHz

Input VSWR, Max:

0.35 – 2.5 GHz

2.5 – 4 GHz

Directivity, Min:

0.35 – 3 GHz
3 – 4 GHz

RF Connectors N Female
Interface:

DPM

PC Serial Port

PC USB Port

0.05 dB

0.1 dB

1.05

1.10

30 dB
28 dB

Male DB-9, EIA-232, 9600 Baud, no
parity, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit
Female DB-9, EIA-232, 9600 Baud,
no parity, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit
USB 1.1 interface

17

Power Supply:

DPM
USB Port
DC Connector

From host instrument via cable
Less than one low-power USB load
7 – 18 Vdc, < 100 mA

Data Logging In VPM Software

Average Power

RF Power Range 0.15 – 150 W
Peak/Average Ratio, Max 12 dB
Measurement Uncert. ± (4% of reading ± 0.05 W)

a. Above 35 °C or below 15 °C add 3%

Match Measurement

a

Measurement Range:

Return Loss

)

Rho (
VSWR

0 to 23 dB

0.07 to 0.999

1.15 to 99.9

Forward Power, Min .5 W
Measurement Uncert. See Figure 7 on page 18.

Figure 7 Match Measure Uncertainty

4

2

0

-2

Uncertainty(dB)

-4

-6

Return Loss

Above
3GHz+
Above

-25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0

3GHz­Below
3GHz+

18

4

2

0

-5 0

-2

Uncertainty(dB)

-4

-6

Peak Envelope Power

RF Power Range 4.0 – 400 W
Measurement Uncert.:

burst width > 200 μs
1 μs < b.w

. < 200 μs
burst width < 1 μs
burst width < 0.5 μs

± (7% of reading + 0.2 W)
± (10% of reading + 0.4 W)
± (15% of reading + 0.4 W)
± (20% of reading + 0.4 W)

a

b

Minimum Pulse Width: 400 ns

a. Max. power depends on frequency and system VSWR.

See Figure 8 on page 19.

b. Above 35 °C or below 15 °C add 3%

For D < 0.1 add 0.1 W
For period > 0.1s add (1.5% + 0.15 W)

Figure 8 Max. Peak Power

10000

1000

Power (Watts)

100

0.1 1 10

Frequency (GHz)

VSWR=1

VSWR=1.5

VSWR=3

Burst Average Power

Power Range 2 W to 150 W average
Burst Width 1 μs – 5 ms
Repetition Rate, Min 5 Hz (with 12 dB peak / average ratio)
Duty Cycle (D)** 0.02 to 1 (D = Burst Width / Period)

b

b

b

19

Measurement Uncert. ± (6% of reading + 50/D mW)

a. Above 35 °C or below 15 °C add 3%
** Duty Cycle and CCDF read out dependent on display

method.

a

Crest Factor

RF Power Range 0.15 to 150 W average, 4 W

minimum peak

Measurement Uncert. Linear sum of peak and average

power uncertainty

Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function (CCDF)

Measurement Range* 0.1 to 100%

Measurement Uncert. ± 2%

Threshold Level Range 2 to 400 W peak

Level Set Accuracy As peak power uncert. + 2%

* Duty Cycle and CCDF read out dependent on display

method.

Physical and Environmental Specifications

Temp, Operating –10 to +50 °C (+14 to +122 °F)

Temp, Storage –40 to +80 °C (–40 to +176 °F)

Mechanical Shock

ibration

and V

Humidity, Max 95% (non-condensing)

MIL-PRF-28800F class 3

20

Altitude, Max 15,000 ft. (4,500 m)

Dimensions,
Nominal

Weight, Max 1.2 lb. (0.55 kg)

EMC EMC Directive (2004/108/EC)

4.75” x 4.6” x 1.3” (121 x 117 x 33 mm)

European Standard: EN 61326—
Electrical Equipment for measurement,
control and laboratory use; EMC
Requirements
Test Spec (for radiated immunity): EN
61000-4-3—Testing and measurement
techniques - 10V/meter

21

22

5016D Specifications

Sensor Characteristics

Frequency Range 350 MHz to 4 GHz
RF Power Range 25 mW – 25 W Average, 1W to 60 W

peak

Maximum Power See Figure 9 on page 24.
Impedance, Nominal 50 ohms
Insertion Loss, Max:

0.35 – 1 GHz
1 – 4 GHz

Input VSWR, Max:

0.35 – 2.5 GHz

2.5 – 4 GHz

Directivity, Min:

0.35 – 3 GHz
3 – 4 GHz

RF Connectors N Female
Interface:

DPM

PC Serial Port

PC USB Port

Power Supply:

DPM
USB Port
DC Connector

Data Logging In VPM software

0.05 dB

0.1 dB

1.05

1.10

30 dB
28 dB

Male DB-9, RS-232, 9600 Baud, no

, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit

parity
Female DB-9, EIA-232, 9600 Baud,
no parity
USB 1.1 interface

From host instrument via cable
less than one low-power USB load
7 – 18 Vdc, < 100 mA

, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit

23

Average Power

RF Power Range 25 mW to 25 W

Peak/Average Ratio, Max 12 dB

Measurement Uncert. ± (4% of reading + 8 mW)

a. Above 35 °C or below 15 °C add 3%

Match Measurement

a

Measurement Range:

Return Loss

)

Rho (
VSWR

0 to 23 dB
007 to 0.999

1.15 to 99.9

Forward Power, Min 0.1 W
Measurement Uncert. See Figure 10 on page 25.

Figure 9 Match Measure Uncertainty

4

2

0

-2

Uncertainty(dB)

-4

-6

Return Loss

-25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0

24

Above
3GHz+

Above
3GHz-

Below
3GHz+

Peak Envelope Power

RF Power Range 1.0 W – 60 W
Measurement Uncert.:

burst width > 200 μs
1 μs < b.w

. < 200 μs
burst width < 1 μs
burst width < 0.5 μs

± (7% of reading + 0.05 W)
± (10% of reading + 0.1 W)
± (15% of reading + 0.1 W)
± (20% of reading + 0.1 W)

a

Minimum Pulse Width: 400 ns

a. Max. power depends on frequency and system VSWR.

See Figure 10 on page 25.

b. Above 35 °C or below 15 °C add 3%

For D < 0.1 add 0.1 W
For period > 0.1s add (1.5% + 0.15 W)

Figure 10 Max. Peak Power

10000

1000

Power (Watts)

100

0.1 1 10

Freque ncy (GHz)

VSWR=1

VSWR=1.5

VSWR=3

b

b

b

b

25

Burst Average Power

Power Range 1.0 W – 25 W average

Burst Width 1 μs – 5 ms

Repetition Rate, Min 5 Hz (with 12 dB peak/average ratio)

Duty Cycle (D)** 0.02 to 1 (D = Burst Width / Period)

Measurement Uncert. ± (6% of reading + 8/D W)

a. Above 35 °C or below 15 °C add 3%
** Duty Cycle and CCDF read out dependent on display

method.

a

Crest Factor

RF Power Range 25 mW to 25 W average

Measurement Uncert. Linear sum of peak and average

power uncertainty

Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function (CCDF)

Measurement Range* 0.1 – 100%

Measurement Uncert. ± 2%

Threshold Level Range 25 mW to 60 W

Level Set Accuracy As peak power uncert. + 2%

* Duty Cycle and CCDF read out dependent on display

method.

26

Physical and Environmental Specifications

Temp, Operating –10 to +50 °C (+14 to +122 °F)

Temp, Storage –40 to +80 °C (–40 to +176 °F)

Mechanical Shock

ibration

and V

Humidity, Max 95% (non-condensing)

Altitude, Max 15,000 ft. (4,500 m)

Dimensions, Nominal 4.75” x 4.6” x 1.3” (121 x 117 x 33

Weight, Max 1.2 lb. (0.55 kg)

EMC EMC Directive (2004/108/EC)

MIL-PRF-28800F class 3

mm)

European Standard: EN 61326—
Electrical Equipment for measurement,
control and laboratory use; EMC
Requirements
Test Spec (for radiated immunity): EN
61000-4-3—T
techniques - 10V/meter

esting and measurement

27

28

5017D Specifications

Sensor Characteristics

Frequency Range 25 MHz to 1 GHz

RF Power Range 500 mW to 500 W average, 13.3W to

1300 W peak

Maximum Power See Figure 10 on page 25.

Impedance, Nominal 50 ohms

Insertion Loss, Max:

25 – 50 MHz

Input VSWR, Max:

25 – 1000 MHz 1.05

Directivity, Min:

25 – 50 MHz
51 – 1000 MHz

RF Connectors N Female

Interface:

DPM

PC Serial Port

PC USB Port

Power Supply:

DPM
USB Port
DC Connector

Data Logging In VPM software

0.05 dB

29 dB
30 dB

Male DB-9, RS-232, 9600 Baud, no

, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit

parity
Female DB-9, EIA-232, 9600 Baud,
no parity
USB 1.1 interface

From host instrument via cable
less than one low-power USB load
7 – 18 Vdc, < 100 mA

, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit

29

Average Power

RF Power Range 500 mW – 500 W

Peak/Average Ratio, Max 12 dB

Measurement Uncert. ± (4% of reading + 166 mW)

a. Above 35 °C or below 15 °C add 3%

Match Measurement

a

Measurement Range:

Return Loss

)

Rho (
VSWR

0 to 23 dB

0.07 to 1.0

1.15 to 99.9

Forward Power, Min 0.05 W
Measurement Uncert. See Figure 11 on page 30.

Figure 11 Match Measure Uncertainty

4

2

0

-2

Uncertainty(dB)

-4

-6

Return Loss

30

-25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0

Peak Envelope Power

RF Power Range 13.3 – 1300 W
Measurement Uncert.:

burst width > 200 μs
1 μs < b.w

. < 200 μs
burst width < 1 μs
burst width < 0.5 μs

± (7% of reading + 0.7 W)
± (10% of reading + 1.4 W)
± (15% of reading + 1.4 W)
± (20% of reading + 1.4 W)

a

Minimum Pulse Width: 400 ns

a. Max. power depends on frequency and system VSWR.

See Figure 12 on page 31.

b. Above 35 °C or below 15 °C add 3%

For D < 0.1 add 0.1 W
For period > 0.1s add (1.5% + 0.15 W)

Figure 12 Max. Peak Power

10000

1000

Power (Watts)

100

0.1 1 10

Freque ncy (GHz)

VSWR=1

VSWR=1.5

VSWR=3

b

b

b

b

31

Burst Average Power

Power Range 13 – 500 W average

Burst Width 1 μs – 5 ms

Repetition Rate, Min 5 Hz (with 12 dB Peak/Avg ratio)

Duty Cycle (D)** 0.02 to 1 (D = Burst Width / Period)

Measurement Uncert. ± (6% of reading + 166/D mW)

a. Above 35 °C or below 15 °C add 3%
** Duty Cycle and CCDF read out dependent on display

method.

a

Crest Factor

RF Power Range 500 mW to 500 W average, 13.3W

minimum peak

Measurement
Uncert.

Linear sum of peak and average power
uncertainty

Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function (CCDF)

Measurement Range* 0.1 – 100%

Measurement Uncert. ± 2%

Threshold Level Range 13.0 W to 1300 W peak

Level Set Accuracy As peak power uncert. + 2%

* Duty Cycle and CCDF read out dependent on display

method.

32

Physical and Environmental Specifications

Temp, Operating –10 to +50 °C (+14 to +122 °F)

Temp, Storage –40 to +80 °C (–40 to +176 °F)

Mechanical Shock

ibration

and V

Humidity, Max 95% (non-condensing)

Altitude, Max 15,000 ft. (4,500 m)

Dimensions, Nominal 4.75” x 4.6” x 1.3” (121 x 117 x 33 mm)

Weight, Max 1.2 lb. (0.55 kg)

EMC EMC Directive (2004/108/EC)

MIL-PRF-28800F class 3

European Standard: EN 61326—
Electrical Equipment for
measurement, control and laboratory

use; EMC Requirements
Test Spec (for radiated immunity): EN
61000-4-3—T
measurement techniques - 10V/meter

esting and

33

34

5018D Specifications

Sensor Characteristics

Frequency Range 150 MHz to 4.0 GHz

RF Power Range 100 mW to 25 W average,

60 W peak

Maximum Power See Figure 10 on page 25.

Impedance, Nominal 50 ohms

Insertion Loss, Max:

150 – 1000 MHz
1000 – 4000 MHz

Input VSWR, Max:

150 – 2500 MHz
2500 – 4000 MHz

Directivity, Min:

150 – 3000 MHz
3000 – 4000 MHz

RF Connectors N Female

Interface:

DPM

PC Serial Port

PC USB Port

0.05 dB from 0.15 to 1.0 GHz

0.01 dB from 1.0 to 4 GHz

1.05 from 0.15 to 2.5 GHz

1.10 dB from 2.5 to 4 GHz

30 dB
28 dB

Male DB-9, RS-232, 9600 Baud, no
parity, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit
Female DB-9, EIA-232, 9600 Baud,
no parity, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit
USB 1.1 interface

35

Power Supply:

DPM
USB Port
DC Connector

Data Logging In VPM software

From host instrument via cable
less than one low-power USB load
7 – 18 Vdc, < 100 mA

Average Power

RF Power Range 25 mW – 25 W

Peak/Average Ratio, Max 12 dB

Measurement Uncert. ± (4% of reading + 0.008 mW)

a. Above 35 °C or below 15 °C add 3%

Match Measurement

a

Measurement Range:

Return Loss

)

Rho (
VSWR

Forward Power, Min 0.1 W
Measurement Uncert. See Figure 11 on page 30.

0 to 23 dB

0.07 to 1.0

1.15 to 99.9

36

Figure 13 Match Measure Uncertainty

4

2

0

-2

Uncertainty(dB)

-4

-6

Return Loss

Peak Envelope Power

RF Power Range 4 – 60 W
Measurement Uncert.:

burst width > 200 μs
1 μs < b.w

. < 200 μs
burst width < 1 μs
burst width < 0.5 μs

± (7% of reading + 0.05 W)
± (10% of reading + 0.1 W)
± (15% of reading + 0.1 W)
± (20% of reading + 0.1 W)

Minimum Pulse Width: 400 ns

a. Max. power depends on frequency and system VSWR.

See Figure 12 on page 31.

b. Above 35 °C or below 15 °C add 3%

For D < 0.1 add 0.1 W
For period > 0.1s add (1.5% + 0.15 W)

a

-25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0

b

b

b

b

37

Figure 14 Max. Peak Power

q

)

10000

1000

Power (Watts)

100

0.1 1 10

Fre

uency (GHz

VSWR=1

VSWR=1.5

VSWR=3

Burst Average Power

Power Range 25 mW – 25 W average

Burst Width 1 μs – 5 ms

Repetition Rate, Min 5 Hz (with 12 dB Peak/Avg ratio)

Duty Cycle (D)** 0.02 to 1 (D = Burst Width / Period)

Measurement Uncert. ± (6% of reading + 0.008/D W)

a

a. Above 35 °C or below 15 °C add 3%
** Duty Cycle and CCDF read out dependent on display

method.

Crest Factor

RF Power Range 25 mW to 25 W

Measurement Uncert. ± (6% of reading +0.008/D W)

a. Above 35 °C or below 15 °C add 3%

38

a

Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function (CCDF)

Measurement Range* 0.1 – 100%

Measurement Uncert. ± 2%

Threshold Level Range 25 mW to 60 W

Level Set Accuracy As peak power uncert. + 2%

* Duty Cycle and CCDF read out dependent on display

method.

Physical and Environmental Specifications

Temp, Operating –10 to +50 °C (+14 to +122 °F)

Temp, Storage –40 to +80 °C (–40 to +176 °F)

Mechanical Shock

ibration

and V

Humidity, Max 95% (non-condensing)

Altitude, Max 15,000 ft. (4,500 m)

Dimensions, Nominal 4.75” x 4.6” x 1.3” (121 x 117 x 33 mm)

Weight, Max 1.2 lb. (0.55 kg)

EMC EMC Directive (2004/108/EC)

MIL-PRF-28800F class 3

European Standard: EN 61326—
Electrical Equipment for
measurement, control and laboratory
use; EMC Requirements
Test Spec (for radiated immunity): EN
61000-4-3—T
measurement techniques - 10V/meter

esting and

39

40

5019D Specifications

Sensor Characteristics

Frequency Range 25 MHz to 1.0 GHz

RF Power Range 100 mW to 100 W average,

2.6 to 260 W peak

Maximum Power See Figure 10 on page 25.

Impedance, Nominal 50 ohms

Insertion Loss, Max:

25 – 1000 MHz 0.05 dB

Input VSWR, Max:

25 – 1000 MHz 1.05

Directivity, Min:

25 – 100 MHz
100 – 1000 MHz

RF Connectors N Female

Interface:

DPM

PC Serial Port

PC USB Port

Power Supply:

DPM
USB Port
DC Connector

Data Logging In VPM software

28 dB
30 dB

Male DB-9, RS-232, 9600 Baud, no

, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit

parity
Female DB-9, EIA-232, 9600 Baud,
no parity
USB 1.1 interface

From host instrument via cable
less than one low-power USB load
7 – 18 Vdc, < 100 mA

, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit

41

Average Power

RF Power Range 100 mW – 100 W

Peak/Average Ratio, Max 12 dB

Measurement Uncert. ± (4% of reading + 166 mW)

a. Above 35 °C or below 15 °C add 3%

Match Measurement

a

Measurement Range:

Return Loss

)

Rho (
VSWR

0 to 23 dB

0.07 to 1.0

1.15 to 99.9

Forward Power, Min 0.3 W
Measurement Uncert. See Figure 11 on page 30.

Figure 15 Match Measure Uncertainty

4

2

0

-2

Uncertainty(dB)

-4

-6

Return Loss

42

-25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0

Peak Envelope Power

RF Power Range 2.6 – 260 W
Measurement Uncert.:

burst width > 200 μs
1 μs < b.w

. < 200 μs
burst width < 1 μs
burst width < 0.5 μs

± (7% of reading + 0.7 W)
± (10% of reading + 1.4 W)
± (15% of reading + 1.4 W)
± (20% of reading + 1.4 W)

a

Minimum Pulse Width: 400 ns

a. Max. power depends on frequency and system VSWR.

See Figure 12 on page 31.

b. Above 35 °C or below 15 °C add 3%

For D < 0.1 add 0.1 W
For period > 0.1s add (1.5% + 0.15 W)

Figure 16 Max. Peak Power

10000

1000

Power (Watts)

100

0.1 1 10

Freque ncy (GHz)

VSWR=1

VSWR=1.5

VSWR=3

b

b

b

b

43

Burst Average Power

Power Range 2.6 – 100 W average

Burst Width 1 μs – 5 ms

Repetition Rate, Min 5 Hz (with 12 dB Peak/Avg ratio)

Duty Cycle (D)** 0.02 to 1 (D = Burst Width / Period)

Measurement Uncert. ± (6% of reading + 166/D mW)

a. Above 35 °C or below 15 °C add 3%
** Duty Cycle and CCDF read out dependent on display

method.

a

Crest Factor

RF Power Range 100 mW to 100 W average, 2.6 W

minimum peak

Measurement
Uncert.

Linear sum of peak and average power
uncertainty

Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function (CCDF)

Measurement Range* 0.1 – 100%

Measurement Uncert. ± 2%

Threshold Level Range 2.6 W to 260 W peak

Level Set Accuracy As peak power uncert. + 2%

* Duty Cycle and CCDF read out dependent on display

method.

44

Physical and Environmental Specifications

Temp, Operating –10 to +50 °C (+14 to +122 °F)

Temp, Storage –40 to +80 °C (–40 to +176 °F)

Mechanical Shock

ibration

and V

Humidity, Max 95% (non-condensing)

Altitude, Max 15,000 ft. (4,500 m)

Dimensions, Nominal 4.75” x 4.6” x 1.3” (121 x 117 x 33 mm)

Weight, Max 1.2 lb. (0.55 kg)

EMC EMC Directive (2004/108/EC)

MIL-PRF-28800F class 3

European Standard: EN 61326—
Electrical Equipment for
measurement, control and laboratory
use; EMC Requirements
Test Spec (for radiated immunity): EN
61000-4-3—T
measurement techniques - 10V/meter

esting and

45

46

Limited Warranty

All products manufactured by Seller are warranted to be free from defects in
material and workmanship for a period of one (1) year, unless otherwise
specified, from date of shipment and to conform to applicable specifications,
drawings, blueprints and/or samples. Seller’s sole obligation under these
warranties shall be to issue credit, repair or replace any item or part thereof
which is proved to be other than as warranted; no allowance shall be made for
any labor charges of Buyer for replacement of parts, adjustment or repairs, or
any other work, unless such charges are authorized in advance by Seller.

If Seller’s products are claimed to be defective in material or workmanship or
not to conform to specifications, drawings, blueprints and/or samples, Seller
shall, upon prompt notice thereof, either examine the products where they are
located or issue shipping instructions for return to Seller (transportation charges
prepaid by Buyer). In the event any of our products are proved to be other than
as warranted, transportation costs (cheapest way) to and from Seller’s plant, will
be borne by Seller and reimbursement or credit will be made for amounts so
expended by Buyer. Every such claim for breach of these warranties shall be
deemed to be waived by Buyer unless made in writing within ten (10) days from
the date of discovery of the defect.

The above warranties shall not extend to any products or parts thereof which
have been subjected to any misuse or neglect, damaged by accident, rendered
defective by reason of improper installation or by the performance of repairs or
alterations outside of our plant, and shall not apply to any goods or parts thereof
furnished by Buyer or acquired from others at Buyer’s request and/or to Buyer’s
specifications. Routine (regularly required) calibration is not covered under this
limited warranty. In addition, Seller’s warranties do not extend to the failure of
tubes, transistors, fuses and batteries, or to other equipment and parts
manufactured by others except to the extent of the original manufacturer’s
warranty to Seller.

The obligations under the foregoing warranties are limited to the precise terms
thereof. These warranties provide exclusive remedies, expressly in lieu of all
other remedies including claims for special or consequential damages. SELLER
NEITHER MAKES NOR ASSUMES ANY OTHER WARRANTY WHATSOEVER,
WHETHER EXPRESS, STATUTORY, OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS, AND NO PERSON IS AUTHORIZED TO ASSUME
FOR SELLER ANY OBLIGATION OR LIABILITY NOT STRICTLY IN ACCORDANCE
WITH THE FOREGOING.

47