This manual is intended for integrators building the AXIS
282/AXIS 282A into a product or system, and
administrators and users of the product or system that
includes the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A as a component. The use
of "AXIS 282/AXIS 282A" and "Video Server" throughout
this manual refers to the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A as an
integrated component of an end product or system. This
manual applies to AXIS 282/AXIS 282A firmware release
4.47. It includes instructions for integrating, using and
managing the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A on your network.
Previous experience of networking will be of use when
installing and using this product. Some knowledge of UNIX
or Linux-based systems would also be beneficial for
developing shell scripts and applications. Later versions of
this document will be posted to the Axis Website
(http://www.axis.com/techsup/index.htm) as required. Also,
see the online help for the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A available
via its Web-based interface.
Safety Notices Used In This Manual
Caution! - Indicates a potential hazard that can damage the
product.
Important! operation.
Do not proceed beyond any of the above notices until you
have fully understood the implications.
Indicates a hazard that can seriously impair
Intellectual Property Rights
Axis AB has intellectual property rights relating to
technology embodied in the product described in this
document. In particular, and without limitation, these
intellectual property rights may include one or more of the
patents listed at http://www.axis.com/patent.htm and one
or more additional patents or pending patent applications
in the US and other countries.
This product contains licensed third-party software. See the
enu item “About” in the product’s user interface for more
m
information.
Legal Considerations
Camera and audio surveillance can be prohibited by laws
that vary from country to country. Check the laws in your
local region before using this product for surveillance
purposes. This product includes one (1) MPEG-4 decoder
license. To purchase further licenses, contact your reseller.
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)
This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio
frequency energy. The AXIS 282/AXIS 282A is delivered as
a component for the sole purpose of being integrated into
an end product or system. The foregoing implies an
obligation on behalf of the integrator (Buyer of the AXIS
282/AXIS 282A component) to obtain any approvals from
authorities or governmental bodies that may be required for
the lawful use of the finished product or system, which
includes the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A as a component. Resale
and use of the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A on a stand-alone basis
is not allowed. For the final products and solutions,
responsibility for fulfillment of safety, EMC, and other
regulatory standards controlled by law, is therefore passed
on to the integrator (Buyer of the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A
component).
Liability
Every care has been taken in the preparation of this
manual; Please inform your local Axis office of any
inaccuracies or omissions. Axis Communications AB
cannot be held responsible for any technical or typographical
errors and reserves the right to make changes to the product
and manuals without prior notice. Axis Communications AB
makes no warranty of any kind with regard to the material
contained within this document, including, but not limited to,
the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a
particular purpose. Axis Communications AB shall not be liable
nor responsible for incidental or consequential damages in
connection with the furnishing, performance or use of this
material.
Trademark Acknowledgments
Ethernet, Internet Explorer, Linux, Microsoft, Mozilla, OS/2,
UNIX, Windows, WWW are registered trademarks of the
respective holders. QuickTime™ is a trademark of Apple
Computer, Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries. Java
and all Java-based trademarks and logos are trademarks or
registered trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United
States and other countries. Axis Communications AB is
independent of Sun Microsystems Inc. UPnP™ is a certification
mark of the UPnP™ Implementers Corporation.
Support Services
Should you require any technical assistance, please contact
your Axis reseller. If your questions cannot be answered
immediately, your reseller will forward your queries through
the appropriate channels to ensure a rapid response. If you are
connected to the Internet, you can:
• download user documentation and firmware updates
• find answers to resolved problems in the FAQ database.
h by product, category, or phrases
Searc
• report problems to Axis support staff by logging in to your
te support area
priva
• visit the Axis Support Web at www.axis.com/techsup/
Safety Notice - Battery Replacement
The AXIS 282/AXIS 282A uses a 3.0V CR2032 Lithium battery
as the power supply for its internal real-time clock (RTC). This
battery will, under normal conditions, last for a minimum of 5
years. Low battery power affects the operation of the RTC,
causing it to reset at every power-up. A log message will appear
when battery replacement is required.
The battery should not be replaced unless required!
If the battery does need replacing, observe the following points:
Caution!
• Danger of Explosion if battery is incorrectly replaced
• Replace only with the same or equivalent battery, as
recommended by the manufacturer.
• Dispose of used batteries according to the manufacturer's
This manual is applicable for the following Axis Video Servers:
• AXIS 282: 1-port bare board video server
• AXIS 282A: 1-port bare board video server
, including 2-way audio
5
The information provided in this manual applies to both
indicated.
The AXIS 282/282A is a small form factor video server
domes, fixed view cameras, PTZs, and analog devices, and is fully featured for security
surveillance and remote monitoring needs. The AXIS 282/282A is based on the AXIS
ETRAX 100LX network optimized system-on-a-chip (SOC), and the AXIS ARTPEC-2
compression chip. The AXIS 282/282A can digitize one analog video source and make it
available on the network as real-time, full frame rate Motion JPEG and/or MPEG-4 video
streams.
The AXIS 282/282A is equipped with RS-232 or
PTZ systems. It also has 1 alarm input and 1 alarm output, which can be used to connect
various third party devices, such as door sensors and alarm bells.
The AXIS 282A has a Line/Mic In (mono), via
connecting an external microphone or other source producing a line level signal. An active
speaker with a built-in amplifier can be connected to Line Out (mono) to enable two-way
communication. Audio communication can be bi-directional (full-duplex), push to talk
(half-duplex) or in one direction only (simplex).
Up to 20 viewers can access the AXIS 282/282A simultaneously when using Motio
and MPEG-4 unicast. Each MPEG-4 viewer requires a separate MPEG-4 decoder license, of
which one is included. Additional licenses can be purchased separately from your Axis
dealer. If using other clients to view the MPEG-4 video stream, no further MPEG-4 decoder
licenses are required.
RS-485 ports for connecting third party
the internal connector I/O pins, for
models, unless otherwise
board designed to be built into
n JPEG
Video can be viewed in 5 resolutions (up to 4CIF), and im
The AXIS 282/282A contains support for video motion detection, which allows the unit to
trigger on activity in the video image, and advanced scheduling tools which can also be
used to trigger an event. As the AXIS 282/282A is designed for use in security systems, it
is equipped with several security features, such as IP address filtering, several user levels
with passwords and HTTPS.
The AXIS 282/282A has a built-in web server, providing full
the use of a standard browser. The built-in scripting tool allows basic applications to be
created, providing basic surveillance solutions. For advanced functionality, the Video
Server can be integrated via the use of the AXIS HTTP API (see www.axis.com/developer).
age compression is configurable.
access to all features through
AXIS 282/282A - Product Description
34-pin header
Flash button
Terminal block
Control button
Network connector
6
AXIS 282/282A Top
The AXIS 282/282A has 34-Pin Header for several connections including:
• Serial port, configurable as RS-232 or RS-485, which
is typically used for con-
necting Pan/Tilt/Zoom devices.
• Video in and out connections.
• Audio in and out connections.
• LED outputs
• An auxiliary connection po
See The Terminal I/O Connector,
int for DC power.
on page 56 and The 34-Pin Header, on page 57 for more
information.
AXIS 282/282A Front
Terminal block - The front of the AXIS 282/282A has one each in- and out connector, and
a power and GND connection.
AXIS 282/282A - Product Description
Status LED
Network LED
Power LED
Control button - Press this button to restore the factory default settings, as described in
Resetting to the Factory Default Settings, on p
age 55, or to install using AXIS Internet
Dynamic DNS Service (page 14).
7
Flash button -
The AXIS 282/282A has a flash button. However, it is only used for
firmware programming in the factory. It is not used when upgrading the firmware.
Network connector - The
AXIS 282/282A connects to the network via a standard network
cable, and automatically detects the speed of the local network segment
(10BaseT/100BaseTX Ethernet).
AXIS 282/282A Bottom
LED indicators - After completion of the startup and self-test routines, the multi-colored
Status, Network, and Power indicators flash as follows:
UnlitWhen configured for “no flash” on camera access.
GreenSteady for normal operation. Can be configured to flash
Status
AmberSteady during startup, reset to factory
RedSlow flash for failed upgrade.
UnlitNo connection
Network
PowerGreenNormal operation
GreenSteady for connection to a 100 Mbit/s network. Flashes for network activity.
AmberSteady for connection to a 10 Mbit/s net
RedFlashes rapid red for hardware error, toge
AmberFlashes green/amber during firmware upgrade
whenever the camera is accessed. See the online help for more information.
default or when restoring settings.
work. Flashes for network activity.
ther with the Status indicator
green at intervals
AXIS 282/282A - Product Description
Connector
Connector
Connector
Connector
79mm
82mm
Terminal Connector
Control button
19mm
Network connector
8
Integration of the AXIS 282/282A into end products or systems
Electrical integration of the AXIS 282/282A is done through any of the connectors
described in the previous sections above.
Mechanical integration may be done through the 4
mounting holes on the AXIS 282/282A,
shown in the figure below.
The video server measures 82mm in
length from the outside edge of the Terminal
Connector, to the top of the AXIS 282/282A. The width of the AXIS 282/282A is 79mm.
The height of the AXIS 282/282A, from the top of the network connector to the b
the control button is 19 mm as seen in the figure below.
ottom of
AXIS 282/282A - Installation
10
Installation
Installation Methods
The AXIS 282/282A is designed for installation on an Ethernet network. This involves
assigning it an IP address, either manually or via an automated network service (DHCP).
Select one of the following procedures depending on your network:
• In Windows, use AXIS IP Utility to discover a dynamic IP
manually.
• If your network uses a DHCP server, view its administration
address has been assigned to your AXIS 282/282A.
• If your network uses a DHCP server and your computer is running
282/282A will automatically be detected and displayed on your screen. See page 11.
• Assign an IP address manually using the ARP/Ping
• If your network has an Internet conn
to assign IP addresses, use the One-Click installation procedure. See page 14.
Notes:
• The AXIS 282/282A has a default IP address: 192.168.0.90
• DHCP is enabled by default in the AXIS 282/282A
• UPnP™ is enabled by default in the AXIS 282/282A
ection (with no HTTP proxy) and uses a DHCP server
method, as described on page 12.
AXIS IP Utility
AXIS IP Utility is a free Windows
application that discovers and displays
Axis devices on your network. The
application can also be used to
manually set a static IP address.
Download AXIS IP Utility from the
support pages at:
www.axis.com/techsup/software
address, or to set the IP address
pages to discover which IP
UPnP™, the AXIS
Automatic discovery
1.Check that the network and power cables
2.Start AXIS IP Utility. When the AXIS 282/282A appears in the window, double-click it
to open the home page.
Set the IP address manually
If the AXIS 282/282A does not appear in the window, click the Refresh button to try
again. If it still does not appear, set the IP
1.Acquire an unused IP address. AXIS IP Utility detects the subnet
are connected to the AXIS 282/282A.
address manually.
your computer is
AXIS 282/282A - Installation
The serial number (S/N) is located on the memory capsules on top off the AXIS 282/282A.
UPnPTM is a certification mark of the UPnP
TM
Implementers Corporation.
connected to. The AXIS 282/282A must be installed on the same network segment.
2.Click the button “Set IP address using serial number” and enter the serial number and
the IP address for the AXIS 282/282A. The serial number is located on the memory
capsules on top of the AXIS 282/282A.
3.Click the Set IP button and then restart the AXIS 282/282A (within 2 minutes).
4.Click View Home Page to access the AXIS 282/282A Web pages.
5.Enter a password for the root user (administrator).
6.If required, accept the installation of AMC onto your workstation.
Notes: • AXIS IP Utility can also be used to change the IP address of a previously discovered Axis device.
• AMC (AXIS Media Control) must be installed to view live video in Microsoft Internet Explorer. If your
working environment restricts additional software components, you can configure your AXIS 282/282A to
use a Java applet for updating the images. See the help file Live View Config > Layout > Default Viewer for
Internet Explorer, or use another supported Web browser, see Technical Specifications, on page 65.
7.The installation is now complete. Proceed to Using the Video Server, on page 9.
11
UPnP™
UPnP functionality is enabled by default in the AXIS 282/282A. If also enabled on your
computer (Windows ME or XP), the video server will automatically be detected and a new
icon will be added to “My Network Places.” Click this icon to access the AXIS 282/282A.
Note: :
To install the UPnP service on your computer, open the Control Panel from the Start Menu and select
Add/Remove Programs. Select Add/Remove Windows Components and open the Networking Services
section. Click Details and then select UPnP as the service to add.
Note: The ping command is
followed by -l (lower case L)
12
ARP and Ping in Windows
Assign your product a unique IP address from a computer on your network as follows:
1.Acquire an unused IP address for the AXIS 282/282A from your
network
administrator.
2.Connect the AXIS 282/282A to the network using a standard network cable.
3.Find the serial number (S/N) located on the memory capsules on top of the AXIS
282/282A.
4.From a computer on your network, open a Command Prompt, i.e. from the Windows
Start menu, select Run... and type cmd (command in Windows 98/ME). Click OK.
5.Enter the commands:
Syntax:
Example
6.Start/restart the AXIS 282/282A. This must be done no later than 2 minutes after
entering the ARP and Ping commands.
7.When ‘Reply from 192.168.0.125: ...’ is displayed (approximately 10-15 seconds), type
Ctrl+C to stop Ping.
8.Start a browser and enter the IP address in the Address/Location field.
9.Press Enter.
10. Enter a password for the root user (administrator).
11. If required, accept the installation of AMC onto your workstation.
Note:
AMC must be installed to view live video images in Microsoft Internet Explorer. If your working environment restricts additional software components, you can configure your AXIS 282/282A to use a Java applet
for updating the images. See the help file under Live View Config > Layout > Default Viewer for Internet Explorer for information. Or use another supported Web browser, see Technical Specifications, on page 65.
12. The installation is now complete. Proceed to Using the Video Server, on page 9.
AXIS 282/282A - Installation
ARP and Ping in UNIX/Linux
Assign your product with a unique IP address from a computer on your network, as
follows:
1.Acquire an unused IP address for the AXIS 282/282A from your network
administrator.
2.Connect the AXIS 282/282A to the network using a standard network cable.
3.Find the serial number (S/N) located on the memory capsules on top of the AXIS
282/282A.
4.Start/restart the AXIS 282/282A. This must be done no later than 2 minutes after
entering the ARP and Ping commands.
5.Close the ARP/Ping session when ‘Reply from 192.168.0.125: ...’ (or similar) is
displayed (approximately 10-15 seconds).
13
6.Start a browser and enter the IP address in the Address/Location field.
7.Press Enter.
8.Enter a password for the root user (administrator).
9.The installation is now complete. Proceed to Using the Video Server, on page 9.
AXIS 282/282A - Installation
The serial number (S/N) is located on the memory capsules on top off the AXIS 282/282A.
14
AXIS Internet Dynamic DNS Service
The AXIS Internet Dynamic DNS Service is a free service provided by Axis. The service
allows you to quickly and simply install your video server, which then receives a static
name (DNS name) and a dynamic IP address. More information about the AXIS Internet
Dynamic DNS Service is available at www.axiscam.net
The video server can be unregistered from the service
Please visit www.axiscam.net
for more details on the AXIS Internet Dynamic DNS Service.
at any time.
Requirements
Using the AXIS Internet Dynamic DNS Service require
s an Internet connection that does
not require a proxy server for HTTP access. A DHCP server in the network for assigning IP
addresses is recommended.
Installation Procedure
Please note that this procedure will send the AXIS 282/282A’s IP address, firmware version, product type
and serial number to the Axis Internet Dynamic DNS Service. No personal information will be transferred.
1.Connect the AXIS 282/282A to your local network, using a standard network cable.
2.Connect power to the video server.
3.Wait for the Status indicator on the front of the video server to show a steady green,
whereupon it will have received a dynamic IP address from a DHCP server on your
network.
4.Wait 60 seconds and push the control button on the front panel once
. The Status
indicator on the front of the video server will flash green while it connects to the AXIS
Internet Dynamic DNS service. When the registration process is complete, the indicator
will return to steady green.
5.Visit www.axiscam.net where you will be guided through the remainder of the
installation. Please have the serial number of your product ready and follow the
instructions on the screen.
6.Enter a password for the root user (administrator).
7.If required, accept the installation of AMC onto your workstation.
Note:
AMC must be installed to view live images in Microsoft Internet Explorer. If your working environment
restricts additional software components, you can configure your AXIS 282/282A to use a Java applet for
updating the images. See the help file under Live View Config > Layout > Default Viewer for Internet Explorer for information. See also the Technical Specifications, on page 65.
8.The installation is now complete. Proceed to Using the Video Server, on page 9.
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Using the Video Server
Using the Video Server
The AXIS 282/AXIS 282A can be used with most standard operating systems and browsers.
The recommended browser is Internet Explorer with Windows, and Firefox with other
operating systems. See also the Technical Specifications, on page
65.
9
Note: For information on installing the Video Server, please
10.
refer to Installation, on page
Accessing the Video Server
1. Start your browser.
2. Enter the IP address or
host name of the AXIS
282/AXIS 282A in the
Location/Address field
of your browser.
3. If this is the first time the camera is accessed, see “Setting the root password”
(page -10). Otherwise enter the user name and password set by the administrator.
4. A video image is displayed in your browser.
Note:
You should have connected to an analogue camera before you can see the video image.
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Using the Video Server
10
Note: •To view streaming video in Microsoft Internet Explorer, you must set your browser to allow
the AXIS Media Control (AMC) to be installed on your computer. AMC also provides an
MPEG-4 decoder for viewing MPEG-4 video streams. This decoder is installed the first time
an MPEG-4 video stream is accessed. Please note that the product administrator may have
disabled the installation of the decoder, as a license is required for each instance.
•If your computer restricts the use of additional software components, the AXIS 282/AXIS
282A can be configured to use a Java applet for updating JPEG images. Please see the
online help for more information.
Setting the root password
1. When accessing the video server for the
first time, the Configure Root Password
dialog appears.
Note: Before you enter your password at this
point, you can
password via HTTPS by creating a self-signed
certificate. To do so, click the Create self-signed
certificate... button in the Create Certificate
window, and then proceed as follows.
secure configuration of the root
2. Enter a password and then
re-enter it, to
confirm the spelling. Click OK.
3. The Enter Network Password dialog will appear. Enter the User name: root
Note:
The default administrator user name root is permanent and cannot be deleted or altered.
4. Enter the password as set in step 2 above, and click OK. If the password is lost,
the camera must be reset to the factory default settings. See Resetting to the
factory default settings, on page 48.
5. If required, click Yes to install the AXIS Media Control (AMC). You will need
administrator rights on the computer to do this.
The Live View page
If your AXIS 282/AXIS 282A has been customized to meet specific requirements, the
buttons and other items described below may or may not be displayed on the Live View
page. Below you have an overview of each available button:
To resize the displayed image, click the View Size buttons: half-size
1
(x
/2), full-size (x1), x2 or x4. This will not change the resolution of the
image (not available in Sequence Mode).
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Using the Video Server
The Video Format drop-down list allows the
View page to be temporarily changed.
The Output buttons control an output directly from the Live View page. These
buttons are configured under Setup > Live View Config > Layout.
- click this button to activate the port for a defined period of time, such
Pulse
as to switch on a light for 20 seconds.
Active/Inactive - click these buttons to man
device, such as switching a light on/off.
These buttons start/stop the Sequence Mode. This mode is created in Setup > Live View Config > Sequence mode and automatically displays the view
from 2 or more video sources at set intervals.
From the Source list, select the desired video image(s). The list can
contain internal video sources, external video sources, or PTZ presets.
ually start and stop a connected
video format on the Live
11
The Action buttons trigger an event directly from the Live View page. These
buttons are configured under Setup > Live View Config > Layout. Click these
buttons to manually start and stop events.
Use the Snapshot button to capture a snapshot of the image displayed in the
window. Right-click on the image to save it in on your computer.
The AMC viewer Explorer only and displays the following buttons:
The Sn
function and the target directory for saving
AMC (AXIS Media Control), which is available from the Windows Control Panel
(Internet Explorer only).
Click the View Fu
area. Press Esc
toolbar (AXIS Media Control) is available in Microsoft Internet
The Play/Stop buttons start and
apshot button takes a snapshot of the displayed image. The Snapshot
ll Screen button and the video image will fill the entire screen
(Escape) on your keyboard to cancel full screen view.
stop the media stream.
snapshots can be configured from
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Using the Video Server
12
Audio controls for AXIS 282A
Click the Speaker and Microphone buttons to switch the sound off and on for the
speaker and microphone, respectively.
Use the slider to control the volume on the speaker and microphone.
The volume can be set between 0 and 100.
When using Half-duplex mode this button toggles between allowing you to speak
and listen. The first icon indicates that you can talk and the speaker attached to the
Video Server will play your voice. The second indicates that you will hear audio
from the Video Server, but no audio will be sent to any web client. When in
simplex talk mode, the icon toggles between allowing you to speak and is dimmed when
you do not want other clients to receive any audio.
Note that these AMC toolbar functions can also be accessed by right-clicking in the image.
For information on using Pan/Tilt/Zoom controls,
please see page 37.
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Video and Audio Streams
Video and Audio Streams
The AXIS 282/AXIS 282A provides several different video and audio stream formats. The
type to use depends on your requirements and on the properties of your network.
13
The Live View page in the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A provides
MPEG-4 video and audio streams, as well as to single JPEG images. Other applications and
clients can also access these video and audio streams/images directly, without going via
the Live View page.
access to Motion JPEG and
Video Stream Types
Motion JPEG
This format uses standard JPEG still images in the vi
displayed and updated at a rate sufficient to create a stream that shows constantly updated
motion.
The Motion JPEG stream uses considerable
excellent image quality and access to every individual image contained in the stream.
Note also that multiple clients
settings.
MPEG-4
This is a video compression standard that makes good
provide high-quality video streams at less than 1 Mbit/s.
The MPEG-4 standard provides scope for a large
various applications in different situations, and the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A provides certain
subsets of these tools. These are represented as Video object types, which are selected for
use with different viewing clients. The supported video object types are:
accessing Motion JPEG streams can use different image
amounts of bandwidth, but also provides
deo stream. These images are then
use of bandwidth, and which can
range of different coding tools for use by
• Simple - sets the coding
• Ad
vanced Simple - in Axis products, this sets the coding type to MPEG-4 Part 2
AMC (AXIS Media Control) supports both object types, whilst QuickTime™
requires the Simple object type.
When using MPEG-4 it is also possible to control the bit rate,
amount of bandwidth usage to be controlled. CBR (constant bit rate) is used to achieve a
specific bit rate by varying the quality of the MPEG-4 stream. When using VBR (variable
bit rate), the quality of the video stream is kept as constant as possible, at the cost of a
varying bit rate.
type to H.263
for example,
which in turn allows the
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Video and Audio Streams
14
Notes: •MPEG-4 is licensed technology. The AXIS 282/AXIS 282A includes one license for the
decoder required for viewing in AMC. Installing additional unlicensed copies of this decoder
is prohibited. To purchase more decoder licenses, contact your Axis reseller.
•All clients viewing the MPEG-4 stream must use the same image settings.
Audio Stream Types
The three stream types for audio are:
• G.711 - International standard for encoding wired-telephone audio. Uses
to compress audio where higher signal values are compressed more than lower values.
In Axis products, this sets the coding type to μ-law 64 kbit/s.
• G.726 - Uses PCM samples to code the difference between
bandwidth without losing too much useful audio. In Axis products, this sets the coded
bitrate to 24 or 32 kbit/s.
All stream types are ITU-T standards and
operate on frequencies up to 4 kHz.
samples (ADPCM). Reduces
PCM samples
MPEG-4 protocols and communication methods
To deliver live streaming video over IP networks, various combinations of transport
protocols and broadcast methods are employed.
• RTP (Real-Time Transport Protocol) is a protocol
real-time transmission of multimedia data, via unicast or multicast.
• RTSP (Real-Time Streaming Protocol) serves as
transport protocol to use for the stream. RTSP is thus used by a viewing client to start a
unicast session, see below.
• UDP (User Datagram Protocol) is a communications protocol that offers limited service
for
exchanging data in a network that uses the Internet Protocol (IP). UDP is an alternative to the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP).
required to deliver all data and may drop network packets when there is network congestion. This is suitable for live video, as th
mation that will not be displayed anyway.
• Unicasting is communication between a single se
work. This means that the video stream goes independently to e
gets their own stream. A benefit of unicasting is that if one stream fails, it only affects
one user.
• Multicast is bandwidth-conserving technology
taneously delivering a single stream of information to mul
technology is used primarily on delimited networks (intranets), as each user needs an
uninterrupted data flow and should not rely on network routers.
that allows programs to manage the
a control protocol, to negotiate which
The advantage of UDP is that it is not
ere is no point in re-transmitting old infor-
nder and a single receiver over a net-
ach user, and each user
that reduces bandwidth usage by simul-
tiple network recipients. This
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Video and Audio Streams
How to stream MPEG-4
Deciding on the combination of protocols and methods to use depends on your viewing
requirements, and on the properties of your network. Setting the preferred method(s) is
done in the control applet for AMC, which is found in the Windows Control Panel. When
this has been set, AMC will test all the selected methods in the specified order, until the
first functioning one is found.
RTP+RTSP
This method (actually RTP over UDP and RTSP over TCP) should be your first consideration
for live video, especially when
even if some images get dropped. This can be configured as multicast or unicast.
it is important to always have an up-to-date video stream,
15
Multicasting provides the most effic
large numbers of clients viewing simultaneously. Note however, that a multicast broadcast
cannot pass a network router unless the router is configured to allow this. It is thus not
possible to multicast over the Internet, for example.
Unicasting should be used for video-on-demand b
traffic on the network until a client connects and requests the stream. However, if more
and more unicast clients connect simultaneously, the server will at some point become
overloaded. There is also a maximum of 20 simultaneous viewers to be considered.
RTP/RTSP
This unicast method is RTP tunneled over RTSP. This can be us
is relatively simple to configure firewalls to allow RTSP traffic.
RTP/RTSP/HTTP or RTP/RTSP/HTTPS
These two methods can also be used to traverse firewall
configured to allow the HTTP protocol, thus allowing RTP to be tunneled.
ient usage of bandwidth, especially when there are
roadcasting, so that there is no video
ed to exploit the fact that it
s. Firewalls are commonly
The AXIS Media Control
The recommended method of accessing live video and audio from the AXIS 282/AXIS
282A is to use the AXIS Media Control (AMC) in Microsoft Internet Explorer in Windows.
This ActiveX component is automatically installed on first use, after which it can be
configured by opening the AMC Control Panel applet from the Windows Control Panel.
Alternatively, right-click the video image in Internet Explorer.
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Video and Audio Streams
16
Other methods of accessing the video stream
Video/images from the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A can also be accessed in the following ways:
• If supported by the client, the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A can use Motion JPEG server
to display video. This option maintains an open HTTP connection to the browser and
sends data as and when required, for as long as required.
• As single JPEG images in a browser
http://<ip>/axis-cgi/jpg/image.cgi?resolution=CIF
• Windows Media Player. This requires AMC and the MPEG-4
paths that can be used are listed below, in the order of preference.
• Unicast via RTP: axrtpu://<ip>/mpeg4/media.amp
•
Unicast via RTSP: axrtsp://<ip>/mpeg4/media.amp
• Unicast via RTSP, tunneled via HTTP: axrtsphttp://<ip>/mpeg4/media.amp
• Unicast via RTSP, tunneled via HTTPS: axrtsphttps://<ip>/mpeg4/media.amp
• Multicast: axrtpm://<ip>/mpeg4/media.amp
Note:
<ip> = IP address.
. Enter e.g. the path:
decoder to be installed. The
Other MPEG-4 clients
Although it may be possible to use other clients to view the MPEG-4 stream, it is not
guaranteed to work in all cases.
For some other clients, such as QuickTime™ the
may also be necessary to adjust the advanced MPEG-4 settings.
Video Object Type must be set to Simple. It
push
To assess the video stream from QuickTime™ the followi
rtsp://<ip>/mpeg4/media.amp
This path is for all supported methods, and the client will
282/AXIS 282A to determine exactly which transport protocol to use.
Note:
<ip> = IP address.
Audio transmission methods
For the AXIS 282A, the audio stream can be acce
either Motion JPEG or MPEG-4.
Using Motion JPEG
The basic transmission method of audio used in conjunction with
streaming is transmission over HTTP. The video and audio streams are not synchronized
when using Motion JPEG so the streams may be slightly out of sync. The latency in any
stream should be low, but this will depend on the network infrastructure.
Using MPEG-4
ssed in the Live View page when viewing
ng path can be used:
negotiate with the AXIS
Motion JPEG video
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Video and Audio Streams
When using MPEG-4, audio is streamed using the same protocol as the video stream.
17
When audio is transmitted using MPEG-4, the Axis product
information along with the streams to the client that is performing the synchronization.
Note:
Audio is streamed from the client to the server over HTTP when using Motion JPEG and MPEG-4.
sends synchronization
Accessing the Audio Streams
In addition to accessing audio in the Live View page using AMC, audio from the AXIS
282A can also be accessed in the following ways:
HTTP-API
You can read about accessing audio for the other protocols through
http://www.axis.com/techsup
QuickTime/Windows Media Player
It is possible to use QuickTime and Windows Media Player
using the same methods to access video streams.
to listen to the audio stream
the HTTP-API at
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Configuring the Video Server
Setup tools
18
Configuring the Video Server
This section describes how to configure the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A and is intended for:
• administrators, who
• operators,
Configuration settings.
The AXIS 282/AXIS 282A is configured from the Setup link, in a standard browser
also the Technical Specifications on page 65). Follow the instructions below to configure
the AXIS 282/ AXIS 282A.
1. Start the browser and enter the IP address or host name of the AXIS 282/AXIS
2. The Live View page is now displayed. Click the Setup link to view the
who have access to the Video & Image, Audio, Live View Config and Event
282A in the location/address field.
configuration menus.
have unrestricted access to all the Setup tools
(see
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Video & Image Settings
Video & Image Settings
Find examples of available features in the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A below. For details of each
setting, please refer to the online help available from each page. Clickto access the
online help.
19
Image Settings
Image Appearance
Modify the Image Appearance to optimize the video images according to your
requirements.
All configuration of images and overlays will affect the performan
depending on the usage and the available bandwidth.
• High resolution generates larger files
• Lower compression improves image quality
• Rotating the image 90 or 270 degrees will lower the maximum frame rate
• Black & White uses less bandwidth than
, but generates larger files
Color
ce of the Video Server,
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Video & Image Settings
20
Mirroring - Mirroring is the horizontal flipping of an image, that gives you another
image perspective. This is a useful function when you need a direct view of the image, for
example, in ATMs and door phones. The mirroring settings should be defined before you
define the parameters for privacy masks and motion detection.
See also the specifications for frame rates
and bandwidth on page 69.
Text Overlay Settings
Include date, time and/or text of your choice to be viewed on the image. The color of the
text may be set to white or black; background color may be set to white, black, transparent
or semitransparent. The position of the text can be the top or the bottom of the image.
Video Stream
The Maximum video stream time can be set as Unlimited, or a maximum stream time per
session in seconds, minutes or hours can be defined. When the set time has expired, a new
stream can be started by refreshing the page in the Web browser. Note that the maximum
video stream time does not apply to clients connecting via multicast.
To avoid bandwidth problems on the network, the frame r
also be limited. Select either Unlimited or define a maximum frame rate per viewer.
ate allowed to each viewer can
Test. For a preview of the image and overlay settings before saving, click Test. When you
are satisfied with the settings, click Save.
Video Source Settings
These settings allow you to:
• enter a descriptive name for the video source
• eliminate black borders surrounding the image, by making Offset adjustm
online help for more information.
Select the physical connector the video source
(s-video).
is connected to, composite video or Y/C
ents. See the
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Video & Image Settings
Date &
Time
image
Overlay
Mask
Advanced
MPEG-4 Settings
These settings are tools for adjusting the MPEG-4 settings and for controlling the video bit
rate.
21
The MPEG-4 standard provides many different coding
tools for various applications in
different situations. As most MPEG-4 clients do not support all of these tools, it is usual to
instead define and use subsets for different clients or groups of clients. These settings allow
you to define the type of viewing client to use.
Adjusting the maximum bit rate and setting it
to variable or constant is a good way of
controlling the bandwidth used by the MPEG-4 video stream.
MJPEG Settings
In some situation the image size may get quite large due to low light or complex scenery.
Adjusting the maximum frame size is a good way of controlling the bandwidth and storage
used by the MJPEG video stream in these situations. Leaving the frame size as Unlimited
will provide consistently good image quality at the expense of increased bandwidth and
storage usage during low light. Limiting the frame size will prevent excessive bandwidth
and storage usage, but image quality will suffer. To prevent increase in bandwidth and
storage usage, the maximum frame size should be set to an optimal amount.
For more information on these advanced settings
, please see the online help.
Overlay/Mask Settings
Overlay/Mask Type
Overlay/Mask Type allows you to
place an overlay, or up to three
privacy masks over the video
image:
• Upload and place an image as
an ove
provide extra information in
the video image.
rlay - usually used to
• Place up to three privacy masks
up to 3 configurable masks
can be used to conceal different
areas of the video image.
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Video & Image Settings
22
Selecting the overlay/mask type from the menu will display further settings available for
the selected type. See the online help for further information.
Note:
If you need to see an area of the video that is covered by an overlay or mask, a privacy mask cannot be
bypassed. An overlay image, however, can be bypassed with the help of the AXIS HTTP API.
Upload and use an overlay
To upload an overlay image
to the camera:
1.Select Uploaded imoverlay in the drop-down
list against Overlay/Mask Type. New options appear.
2.In the field Upload own image, click the Browse
button and locate the image
file on your computer or
server.
3.Click the Upload button
and follow the on-screen instructions.
To use an already uploaded image:
1. Select an uploaded image from the Use ima
ge drop-down list.
2. Place the image at the required location by entering the x and y coordinates.
3. Click Save.
Overlay image requirements:
Image FormatsImage Size
•Windows 24-bit BMP (full color)
•Windows 4-bit BMP (16 colors)
The height and width of the overlay image in
pixels must be divisible by 4.
age as
Overlay image limitations:
• The maximum overlay image size supported by the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A
is the same as
the maximum image resolution. See Technical Specifications, on page 65.
• When a text overlay is also used, this reduces the
amount of space available to the
overlay image. To keep the text readable at lower resolutions, the text overlay occupies
proportionally more of the image at lower resolutions.
• If the overlay is initially positioned so that part
of it is outside the video image, it will
be relocated so that it appears over the video image, that is, it is always the entire image
that is displayed.
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Video & Image Settings
Please see the online helpfor more information.
Use a Privacy Mask
To use privacy masks to
hide different areas of the
video image:
1. Select
figurable
Con
areas as privacy
mask in the
drop-down list
against
Overlay/Mask
Type. New
options appear.
2. Enter the (x,y)
coordinates of
the top left hand
corner of the
mask, and the
height and width to define the masks’ placement and size.
23
3. Select the privacy masks’ color: black, grey, white, or red.
4. Click in the box beside Enable to enable one or more of the masks you have
defined and click on Save.
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Audio - AXIS 282A only
24
Audio - AXIS 282A only
The AXIS 282A can transmit audio to other clients using an external microphone and can
play audio received from other clients by attaching a speaker. The Setup page for the AXIS
282A has an additional menu item called Audio, that allows different audio configurations
to be set up, for example, full duplex, half duplex and simplex.
The speaker attached to the audio output of the AXIS 282A must have a built-in amplifier, such as PC
Note:
speakers.
Audio Settings
This section describes how to configure the basic audio settings for the AXIS 282A such as
setting the communication mode and adjusting the sound levels in the microphone and
speaker connected to the camera.
Enable Audio
This allows you to enable the audio functionality.
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Audio - AXIS 282A only
Audio Channels
Audio mode - This sets the type of audio transmission. The available options are:
25
• Full duplex - Simultaneous two-way audio. Transmit and receive audio (tal
at the same time.
• Half-duplex - Non-simultaneous two-way audio. Half-duplex m
audio in both directions, but only in one direction at a time. This means that you must
actively transmit using the Talk button. When in Push-To-Talk mode, press this button
to speak, and release it when finished speaking. You will now be receiving audio from
the other end of the connection. In Toggle mode, press the button to switch between
talking and listening.
• Simplex - Video Server speak
audio transmitted from any web client. This could be used, e.g. to provide spoken
instructions to a person seen in the network camera. This mode requires you to use the
push to talk button.
• Simplex
web clients. This can be used in remote monitoring, web attractions etc., to provide live
audio from a monitored situation.
When using half-duplex, the Send the sound from the active client to all
option transmits the audio signal from the talking client to all the other clients.
- Video Server microphone only - transmits audio from the AXIS 282 to any
er only - the speaker connected to the AXIS 282 will play
ode sends and receives
k and listen)
other clients
Audio Input
Source - Select Microphone for an external microphone or Line for a Line in device, for
example, an audio mixer for multiple microphones or a microphone with a built-in
amplifier.
Input sensitivity - When
• High for an ordinary
microphone.
• Low for a
Enable microphone power - Microphone power
microphones that have no battery. This setting should not be enabled when using a
dynamic or battery powered microphone.
Input gain - Volume control of
are volume settings made earlier in the audio path (see above).
Low Input sensitivity should never be compensated by a high Input gain, as this may cause unwanted noise.
Note:
Encoding - Select the digital audio encoding format to use.
Bit rate - Depending
higher the bit rate, the greater the bandwidth required.
microphone with a built-in line amplifier.
Microphone is selected for Source (see above), set this to:
(unamplified) microphone, e.g. a computer microphone or clip-on
should only be used with electric
the audio input. The Input sensitivity levels High and Low
on the selected encoding, set the required bit rate (audio quality). The
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Audio - AXIS 282A only
26
Alarm level - Event types in the AXIS 282 can be set to use this level as a trigger. Each
individual event type can be configured to trigger if the sound level rises above or falls
below the set value.
The alarm level can be set in the range 0-100%, where 0% is the most sensitive and 100%
the least sensitive.
Audio Output
Output gain - Volume control of the line audio output. The output can be used with high
impedance headphones or connected to another amplifier with speakers.
When satisfied with the settings, click Sa
settings.
ve, or click Reset to revert to the previously saved
Live View Config
Note that the setup address is http://<ip address>/operator/basic.shtml
Layout
These are the tools for deciding
the layout of the Live View page.
The layout can be set in 3 ways:
• Use Axis look - the layout is
unchanged.
• Use custom settings - modify
the default page with
colors, and images. Click the
Configure button and see the
page to the right.
• Own Home Page - Upload and
use your o
page as the default web page.
Click the Configure button and
see the page to the right.
The other settings on this page
ern other features to include,
conc
such as buttons and links. See
page 29 for more information.
wn custom made
your own
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Live View Config
27
Customizing the
default page
The appearance of
the default AXIS
282/AXIS 282A Live
View page can be
customized to suit
your own
requirements in the
page to the right.
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Live View Config
28
Upload Own Web Files
You can upload and use your own home page. To upload your own files, click the
Upload/Remove button. The Upload/Remove Own Web Files dialog appears.
Your own web files, background pict
282/AXIS 282A in order to be available for selection in the Custom Settings dialog. Once
uploaded, the files appear in the drop-down list.
1. Enter the path to the file located
and find the path.
2. Select the user level for the uploaded file. Setting the user access level means that
you have complete control over pages that specific users can view.
3. When the path is displayed correctly in the text field, click the Upload button.
All uploaded files are shown in the list in the lower section of this dialog. To
check the box provided next to it and then click the Remove button.
• To use your uploaded file, click the radio button
list against Own, in the Custom Settings page:
• To use an external file located somewhere other than in the
the radio button and enter the URL in the External field in the Custom Settings page:
ure, color must first be uploaded to the AXIS
on your workstation or click the Browse button
remove a file,
and select the file from the drop-down
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A, click
Own Home Page
To use a previously uploaded web page as the default page, check the box against Use own
home page, select the page from the drop-down list and click OK.
Default Video Format
Select the default format to use on the Live View page. Check the box against Show video
format selection to view the drop-down list on the Live View page that allows you to
temporarily change the format.
Default Viewer
When using Microsoft Internet Explorer (IE) in Windows, select your preferred method of
viewing moving images. The options are AMC, QuickTime, Java applet, and Still Image.
When using any browser other than Internet Explorer, select your
viewing images. The available options are Server Push, QuickTime, Java applet, Still
Image.
Please see the online help for more information.
preferred method of
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Live View Config
User Defined Links
Viewer Settings
Show viewer toolbar - - Check this box to display the viewer toolbar under the image
in your browser. The toolbar provides various controls for e.g. pausing the video stream,
switching to full screen mode, etc.
Enable MPEG-4 decoder installation - - By checking/unchecking this box, the
administrator can en
AMC. This is used to prevent the installation of unlicensed copies. Further decoder licenses
can be purchased from your Axis dealer.
able or disable the installation of the MPEG-4 decoder included with
29
Show crosshair in PTZ joystick mode - - This cross indicates the c
when viewing the video stream in PTZ joystick mode.
Use PTZ joystick mode as default - - Enabling this sets the PTZ mode to joystick.
mode can be changed temporarily on the PTZ Control Panel, but will default to joystick if
this is selected.
Enable recording button - - Enabling this button allows the user to st
directly from the Live View page. The recording is saved in the folder specified in the
Recording tab in the AMC Control Applet. Note that this button is only available when
viewing with AMC.
enter of the image
The
art a recording
Action Buttons
These buttons can be used to manually trigger and stop an event from the Live View page.
See Event Servers, on page
video stream and save it to a computer.
31. The snapshot button allows you to take a snapshot of the
User Defined Links
Enter a descriptive name for the link and enter the
URL in the provided field. The link appears in the
Live View page.
User defined CGI links can be used to issue HTTP
equests, such as PTZ commands. Example:
API r
1. Check Show Custom Link 1
2. Enter a descriptive name, such as CAM1 Start
PTZ.
3. Enter the cgi link:
http://192.168.0.125/axis-cgi/com/ptz.cgi?came
ra=1&continuouspantiltmove=30,-30
4. Check Show Custom Link 2.
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Live View Config
30
5. Enter a descriptive name, such as CAM1 Stop PTZ.
6. Enter the cgi link:
http://192.168.0.125/axis-cgi/com/ptz.cgi?camera=1&continuouspantiltmove=0,0
These links will appear in the web interface and can be used to control the PTZ camera
For more information on the Axis HTTP API, see
Axis Web site at http://www.axis.com See also the section on PTZ, on page 37.
the Support / Developer pages on the
HTML Examples
You can add live video from your AXIS 282/AXIS 282A to your own web site. The AXIS
282/AXIS 282A can send Motion-JPEG or MPEG-4 images to up to 20 simultaneous
connections, although an administrator can restrict this to fewer. This does not affect or
include the number of multicast viewers.
Enter the Im
Update.
age Type, Image size and other settings to suit your web page and click
External Video
You can add links to other Axis network devices available over the network. These sources
can be displayed on the Live View page, just as if they were video sources connected
directly to the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A.
Click the Add
make all the necessary settings.
Example of a path to an external video source:
button to open the External Video Source Setup dialog, which is used to
http://192.168.0.125/axis-cgi/mjpeg/video.cgi
Sequence Mode
The live view page can be configured to rotate through selected internal and/or external
video sources, in order or at random. PTZ preset positions can also be included.
Select the desired video sources and enter the time in se
59 minutes). Click Save.
The Sequence buttons will appear on the Live
to allow the viewer to start and stop the sequence mode.
Please see the online help
for more information.
View page
conds to display each source (up to
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Pan Tilt Zoom
Pan Tilt Zoom
Installing PTZ Devices
The AXIS 282/AXIS 282A supports several PTZ devices. Please see www.axis.com for a
complete list of supported devices, and to obtain the correct driver. Follow the instructions
below to install a PTZ device:
1. Using an appropriate cable, connect the device to your selected port (RS-232 or
RS-485). This configurable port is available via the 34 I/O pins. See pages 56 and
57 for more information.
2. From the Setup link, go
to System Options > Ports & Devices and
then select the port
(RS-232/RS-485) to
configure.
3. Select Pan Tilt Zoom
from the Port 2 Usage
drop-down list.
37
4. Click Upload to install
a PTZ driver.
(PTZ drivers are
available from the Axis
Web site at www.axis.com)
5. Click Port Options... to modify the port settings. The default values correspond to
the values specified by the PTZ driver.
6. From System Options > Ports & Devices, select the port configured for PTZ and
then select the video source to use with the device.
7. If required, click the Advanced Options button to make further settings and see
the online help.
Note:
Advanced users and application developers can also use the Axis Application Programming Interface and
HTTP specification for generic control of PTZ devices using CGI commands or a TCP/IP client. Please refer to
the Axis Website at www.axis.com for further information.
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Pan Tilt Zoom
38
PTZ Configuration
Once PTZ has been installed for the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A, PTZ Configuration now appears
in the menu to the left along with the following submenus.
Preset Positions
A preset position is a pre-defined camera view than can be used to quickly move the
camera to a specific location.
In the Preset Position
camera to the required position. When satisfied with the camera's position, enter a
descriptive name. The camera position, iris and focus settings are then saved as a preset
position.
The position can be assumed at any
positions drop-down list. Preset positions can be selected in Live View, from events and in
Sequence mode.
One position can be set as the Hom
box beside Use current position as Home. The position's name will then have (H) added,
e.g. Office Entrance (H).
Setup page, use the Pan, Tilt and Zoom (PTZ) controls to steer the
time, by selecting the preset's name from the Preset
e position, which is readily accessible by clicking in the
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Pan Tilt Zoom
Video sources
Preset positions
Tilt bar (relative)
PTZ Controls
If the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A has been appropriately configured, the Live View page will
display the controls available for the installed Pan Tilt Zoom (PTZ) device. The
administrator can enable/disable the controls for specified users.
39
The exact controls shown depends on the make
and model of PTZ device. There may be
Focus and Iris bars available as well among others, but the most common controls are;
• the Pan bar - moves the camera to the ri
ght and left
• the Tilt bar - tips the camera up and down
• the Zoom bar - zooms the view in and out. Note that this is only available if the
camera is fitted with a zoom lens.
Clicking on the bars themselves or on the arrows
camera to a new position. The type of movement and the location of this new position
at the end of the bars will move the
depends on the type of PTZ driver.
When controlling the camera using a relative PTZ dri
ver (see the bars in the illustration
above) the new position will be relative to the previous position, e.g. left of, below, above,
and so on. Clicking the bar further from the center results in a larger movement.
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Pan Tilt Zoom
40
In contrast, when using an absolute driver, each
position on the bar (see right) represents a defined
position in the device’s range of movement, with the center of the bar representing the
point midway between the two extremes of movement.
Clicking a position directly on th
one smooth movement. Clicking on the arrows at the ends of a bar causes a stepped,
incremental change.
e bar moves the camera directly to the new position in
Using CGI links to control PTZ devices
User-defined CGI links on the Live View page can be used to issue HTTP API requests, such
as PTZ commands. These links are configured in the Live View Layout settings, see page
28.
PTZ Control Modes
The PTZ device can also be controlled using click-in-image movement, which has two
different types of navigation; Center and Joystick.
Center mode means that
absolute position that was clicked.
Joystick mode moves the camera in the direction
holding the mouse button down in the image, the PTZ device moves the camera in that
direction, relative to the center of the image. The further from the center the image is
clicked, the greater the movement. The camera stops moving when the button is released.
when clicking in the image, the camera view will center on the
of the mouse pointer. By clicking and
Control Panel
The Focus and Iris (image brightness) can be adjusted manually by using the control bars,
or they can be set for automatic adjustment, by clicking the Auto Iris and Auto Focus
buttons.
To access the Auto Iris and Auto Focus buttons,
Panel button. the menu to the right then appears in the upper left
hand corner of the screen.
There are also driver specific shortcuts that
Panel. In the screen to the right, a driver has been installed that
brings up the Wiper shortcut button, which allows the user to
configure and use a windshield wiping action with the AXIS
282/AXIS 282A.
click on the Ctrl
can appear in the Control
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Pan Tilt Zoom
Preset Positions
Also available with many PTZ devices are Preset positions. These presets are selected from
the drop-down Source list on the Live View page and will move and/or zoom the camera
to a pre-defined position, i.e. to cover an area of particular interest. Events can also be
configured to go to preset positions when triggered. For information on setting up preset
positions, please see Preset Positions,
on page 38 and the online help.
Guard Tour
A guard tour moves between chosen Preset Positions, one-by-one, in a pre-determined
order or at random, and for configurable time periods. Unlike the Sequence Mode, which is
a viewing application under Live View Config (see Live View Config, on page
guard tour sequence will keep running
browser.
after the user has logged off or closed the Web
27), the
41
Advanced
Device Settings - The device settings window is for driver specific settings, so the
appearance of this window can vary depending on the driver installed. Options that can be
configured include: Driver Specific Settings for Video Source 1, Mechanical Limits for
Moving Video Source 1, Light Control for Video Source 1, and Extended Driver Specific
Settings for Video Source 1.
Control Settings - This page provides the tools for man
provided for PTZ. The Panel Shortcut Command Button list provides the controls for
creating and saving Panel Shortcut Command Buttons. These buttons provide direct access
to various built-in auxiliary commands provided by the PTZ driver. The buttons are
displayed in the PTZ Panel, which is available on the Live View page by clicking the Ctrl
panel button.
aging the different controls
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Pan Tilt Zoom
42
The PTZ panel also provides various buttons as standard, depending on the PTZ driver
being used. Examples of these are Autoiris, and Autofocus. The list of shortcut command
buttons displays the available information for each configured command button.
•The La
• In
• URL shows the path to the com
• Enable sh
Enable/Disable button below the list.
To work with shortcut command buttons, click Add to create
existing button from the list and click Modify or Remove.
The Enable/Disable controls, allow
controls for PTZ. These settings are used on every page where PTZ controls are usually
found.
bel is the text on the button itself
formation is the text displayed for the button when the cursor is held over the button
mand
ows whether the selected command is enabled or not. This is controlled by the
a new button, or select an
the administrator to enable or disable the different
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Pan Tilt Zoom
PTZ Control Queue
Use the PTZ Control Queue window to enable and disable PTZ queueing. This window
allows you to set up a queue for viewers wanting to access the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A, and
limits the number of viewers and the length of time each viewer can access and control the
video stream. For more information on how to set up the control queue, please see the
online help.
43
Note also that a viewer who belongs to a group
PTZ priority can go before other users in the q
282A.
The order of priority for taking control of the queue is listed below:
1. Administrators - An administrator may tak
currently first in queue. The administrator will be removed from queue 60
seconds after the their last PTZ control command.
2. Event - You can set up the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A to take control of the queue and
move to a specific position for 20 seconds when triggered by an alarm. The event
will immediately be place first in queue except when an administrator is in
control. For more information see How to set up a triggered event, on page 32.
3. Operator - Same as administrator with lower priority.
4. Guard Tour - Guard tour has control of PTZ for an indefinite period of time. It
may be overridden by, Operator, Event or administrator. Guard Tour will resume
when higher priority groups leaves the queue. For more information see Guard Tour, on page 41.
5. Viewer - Multiple viewers will need to wait for their turn. The viewer has 60
seconds to control PTZ until control is passed to the next viewer in queue.
Note:
In order to be able to identify different users in the viewer group, cookies need to be enabled on the client.
(see Users, on page 44) that has a higher
ueue and take control of the AXIS 282/AXIS
e the PTZ control regardless of who is
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Event Configuration
Event Configuration
This section describes how to configure the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A for alarm handling.
Pre-defined parameters, known as an Event or Event Type can trigger certain actions in the
camera. A common event type is an alarm that prompts the camera to upload images.
Many event types use an Event Server, to receive uploaded images.
31
An event that is triggered by a signal, such as
a door switch, motion detection, or system
event, is called a triggered event (see page 32)
A scheduled event runs at pre-programmed times
An Action refers to what happens
when the event occurs.
(see page 33).
Event Servers
Event Servers are used for receiving uploaded image files and/or notification messages. To
set up Event server for your AXIS 282/AXIS 282A, go to Setup > Event Configuration > Event Servers and enter the required information according to the selected server type.
Server typePurposeInformation required
FTP Server• receives uploaded images• Descriptive name of your choice
• User Name and Password (to FTP server)
• Upload path, e.g. images/
• Port number
• Use passive mode if there is a firewall between the Video Server
and FTP server
• Use temporary file if your FTP server doesn’t allow an existing
file to be overwritten by a new file with the same name.
HTTP Server• receives notification messages
• receives uploaded images
TCP Server • receives notification messages• Descriptive name of your choice
• Descriptive name of your choice
• URL (address)
• User Name and Password (to HTTP server)
• Proxy address/Proxy port (if required)
• Proxy User Name and Password (if required)
• User Name and Password (for TCP server)
• Port number
For details on each setting, please refer to the online helpavailable from each web
page.
Pre-trigger and Post-trigger buffers will be lost if the connection to the event server fails.
Note:
When the setup is complete, the connection can be tested by clicking the Test button (the
connection test takes approximately 10 seconds).
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Event Configuration
32
Event Types
An Event Type is a set of
parameters that define
certain actions in the
camera in response to
specific triggers.
Example:
the connected camera, and an event
has been configured to act on this,
the Video Server can record and
send video images to an FTP server, or send a notification email to a pre-configured email address with a pre-configured message. Video images can be sent as an attachment with the email.
If somebody walks past
Triggered Event
A triggered event can be activated by:
• a push button connected to an input port on the Video Server
• detected movement in a configured motion detection window
• a lost video signal
• a manually activated action, such as from
• on restart (reboot), such as after
power loss
an action button in the web interface
How to set up a triggered event
This example describes how to set the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A to upload
images when the
main door is opened:
1. Click A
dd triggered on the Event types page.
2. Enter a descriptive name for the event, such as Main door.
3. Set the priority - High, Normal or Low (see online help files).
4. Select which Video Source the event is to act on, for example, Video 1 on Main
door.
5. Set the Respond to Trigger... parameters when the event is to be active,
e.g. only after office hours
6. Select the trigger alternative from the Triggered by... drop-down list,
e.g. an Input port with a connected sensor if the door is opened.
7. Set the When Triggered... parameters, i.e. set what the Video Server should do if
the main door is opened. This could be uploading images to an FTP server or
sending an email.
8. Click OK to save the event in the Event Types list.
Please see the online helpfor descriptions of each available option.
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Event Configuration
Pre-trigger and Post-trigger buffers
This function is useful when checking to see what happened immediately before and after
a trigger, for example, two minutes before and after a door was opened. Check the Upload images checkbox under Event Types > Add Triggered... > Triggered by... to view
available options.
33
Buffer size
The maximum length of time of the pre-/post-buffer
- Both the AXIS 282 and the AXIS 282A each have a 9 MB buffer.
depends on the selected image size
and frame rate.
Include pre-trigger buffer
- images stored internally in the server from the time
immediately preceding the trigger. Check the box to enable the pre-trigger buffer, enter the
desired length of time and specify the required image frequency.
Include post-trigger buffer -
contains images from the time immediately after the trigger.
Configure as for pre-trigger.
Note:
•Pre-trigger and Post-trigger buffers will be lost if the connection to the event server fails.
•Maximum length of the pre-/post-buffer depends on the video image size and selected frame rate.
•If the pre- or post-buffer is too large for the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A's internal memory, the frame rate is
reduced and no images will be uploaded. If this occurs, an entry will be created in the unit's log file.
Continue image upload (unbuffered) - enable the upload of images for a fixed length of
time. Specify the length of time for the uploaded recording, in seconds, minutes or hours,
or for as long as the trigger is active. Finally, set the desired image frequency to the
maximum (the maximum available) or to a specified frame rate. The frame rate will be the
best possible, but might not be as high as specified, especially if uploading via a slow
connection.
Scheduled Event
A Scheduled event can be activated at
pre-set times, in a repeating pattern on selected
weekdays. The following is a description about how to set to set up a scheduled event - to
set up the Video Server to send an email notification with saved images at a set time:
1. Click Ad
d scheduled on the Event types page.
2. Enter a descriptive name for the event, e.g. Scheduled email.
3. Set the priority (High, Normal or Low).
4. Set the Activation Time parameters (24h clock) when the event should be active,
e.g. start on Sundays at 13.00 with a duration of 12 hours.
5. Set the When Activated... parameters i.e. set what the Video Server should do at
the specified time e.g. send uploaded images to an email address.
6. Click OK to save the Event in the Event Types list.
Please see the online helpfor descriptions of each available option.
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Event Configuration
34
Camera Tampering
The camera tampering
application generates an alarm
whenever the camera is
repositioned, or when the lens is
covered, sprayed or severely put
out of focus. The tampering
application will only become
active and ready after the
camera has not moved for at
least 10 seconds. During this
period the application sets up a
Scene Model to use as a
comparison to detect tampering in current images.
This means that PTZ movements will also reset the applicati
too frequent there will be no tampering alarms. PTZ should be used sparingly when camera
tampering is enabled. For the scene model to be set up properly make sure that the camera
is in focus, the lighting conditions are correct, and the camera is not pointed at a scene
that lacks contours, for example a blank wall.
Settings
Minimum duration - This parameter sets the minimum tamperin
will not be triggered until this period has elapsed, even if the tampering conditions are
otherwise met. This can help prevent false alarms for known conditions that affect the
image.
Alarm for dark images - If the camera lens is sprayed and the image is
will not be possible to distinguish this from other situations where the same effect is seen,
i.e. when the lighting conditions change.
When this parameter is enabled, al
turns dark or the lens is sprayed. If not enabled, no alarm will be sent.
Click Save after you define th
arms will be generated for all cases where the image
ese settings.
on - if the PTZ movements are
g period, i.e. an alarm
darkened, it
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Event Configuration
Motion Detection
In the Motion Detection menu, you can configure the video source(s) for motion detection.
The motion detection feature is used to generate an alarm whenever movement occurs (or
stops) in the image. The AXIS 282/AXIS 282A can use a maximum of 10 windows (Include
and Exclude).
35
• Include win
• Ex
clude windows are areas to be ignored within the Include window
Once configured, the motion detection windows wi
detection is selected to trigger an event. See How to set up a triggered event above.
Using the motion detection feature may decrease overall performance in the Video Server.
Note:
dows target specific areas within the image
ll appear in a list when motion
How to configure Motion Detection
This example describes how to configure motion detection:
1. Click Motion Detection in the Event Config menu.
2. Click the Configure Included Windows radio button.
3. Click New.
4. Enter a descriptive name of your choice under Windows name.
5. Adjust the size (drag the bottom right-hand corner) and position (click on the text
at the top and drag to the desired position).
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Event Configuration
36
6. Adjust the Object size, History and Sensitivity profile sliders (see table below for
details). Any detected motion within an active window is then indicated by red
peaks in the Activity window (the active window has a red frame).
7. Click Save.
If there are parts of the Include window that you wish to exclude, click the
Configure Excluded Windows radio button and repeat steps 1-8 above.
Please use the online helpfor descriptions of each available option.
ParameterSizeHistorySensitivity
HighOnly very large objects
LowEven very small objects
Default values LowMedium to HighMedium to High
trigger motion detection
r motion detection
trigge
An object that appears in the region will
trigger the motion detection for a long
period
An object that appears in the region will
trigger motion detection for only a very
short period
Examples:
•Avoid triggering on small objects in the image by selecting a high size level.
•To trigger motion detection as long as there is activity in the area, select a high history level.
•To only detect flashing light, low sensitivity can be selected. In other cases, a high sensitivity level is
recommended.
Ordinary colored objects against ordinary
backgrounds will trigger the motion
detection
Only very bright objects against a dark
background will trigger motion detection
Port Status
Under Event Configuration > Port Status, there is a list that shows the status for the
connected inputs and outputs of the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A. This is for the benefit of an
operator, who cannot access the System Options section.
Example:
If the Normal state for a push button connected to an input is set to Open circuit, as long as the button
is not pushed, the state is inactive. If the button is pushed, the state of the input changes to active.
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - System Options
44
System Options
Security
User access control is enabled by default, when the administrator sets the root password on
first access. New users are authorized with user names and passwords, or the administrator
can choose to allow anonymous viewer login to the Live View page, as described below:
Users
User list displays the authorized users and access levels:
ViewerProvides the lowest level of access, which only allows the user access to the Live View page
OperatorAn Operator can view the Live View page, create and mo
settings. The Operator does not have access to the Systems Options configuration pages.
AdministratorAn administrator has unrestricted access to the Setup T
all other users.
To prevent unauthorized use of the product, the AXIS 241QA/AXIS 241SA network camera
supports multi-user password protection, where
access can be restricted to a defined
number of users only (maximum of 20).
dify event types and adjust certain other
ools and can determine the registration of
The AXIS 282/AXIS 282A supports several methods
• HTTP Basic Authentication - This authen
ticates the user by requesting a user name and
of user authentication. These are:
a password. The exchange of network credentials is in simple base64 coding and is not
encrypted.
• HTTP Digest Authentication - This method also requests
a user name and password,
but the exchange of credentials is encrypted, which better secures it against eavesdropping.
User Settings - ch
• Anony
mous viewer login - allows any viewer direct access to the Live View page.
• Anonymous
eck the corresponding checkboxes to enable:
PTZ control login - allows any viewer access to the Pan Tilt Zoom con-
trollers on the Live View page (if Pan/Tilt/Zoom is available).
IP Address Filter
Checking the Enable IP address filtering box enables the IP address filtering function. Up
to 256 IP address entries may be specified (a single entry can contain multiple IP
addresses). Click the Add button to add new filtered addresses.
When the IP address filter is enabled, addresses
denied addresses. All other IP addresses not in this list will then be allowed or denied
access accordingly, i.e. if the addresses in the list are allowed, then all others are denied
access, and vice versa. See also the online help for more information.
added to the list are set as allowed or
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - System Options
Note that users from IP addresses that will be allowed must also be registered with the
appropriate access rights (User, Operator or Administrator). This is done from Setup >
System Options > Security > Users.
45
Referrals - to pr
event unauthorized sources from including the video stream from the
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A into external Web pages, check the Referrals box and enter the IP
address or Host name of the computer that hosts the Web pages with the included video
stream. Multiple IP addresses/host names can be defined and are separated by semicolons(;)
Notes:
•If the referrals feature is enabled and you wish to also allow normal access to the Live
View page, the product's own IP address or host name must be added to the list of allowed
referrers.
•Restricting referrers has no effect on an MPEG-4 video stream. To restrict an MPEG-4
stream, IP address filtering must be enabled.
•Restricting referrers is of greatest value when not
address filtering is used, then the allowed referrers are automatically restricted to those
allowed IP addresses.
using IP address filtering. If IP
HTTPS
For greater security, the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A can be configured to use HTTPS (Hypertext
Transfer Protocol over SSL (Secure Socket Layer)). That is, all communication that would
otherwise go via HTTP will instead go via an encrypted HTTPS connection.
Certificate - to use HTTPS for communication with
must be created using one of these methods:
• A self-signed certificate can be created
in the Video Server, but this does not guarantee
the same level of security as an official certificate.
• An official certificate issued by a CA (Certificat
security credentials and public keys for message encryption.
1. Click either Crea
te self-signed certificate or Create Certificate Request and enter
the required information in the provided fields
the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A, a Certificate
e Authority). A CA issues and manages
2. Click OK.
3. Create self-signed certificate generates and installs a certificate which will be
displayed under Installed Certificate.
Create Certificate Request generates a PEM formatted request which you copy
and send to a CA for signing. When the signed certificate is returned, click Install signed certificate... to install the certificate in the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A.
4. Set the HTTPS Connection Policy for the administrator, Operator and Viewer to
enable HTTPS connection (set to HTTP by default)
Please refer to the home page of your preferre
d CA for information on where to send the
request. For more information, please see the online help
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - System Options
46
IEEE 802.1X
IEEE 802.1x is an IEEE standard for port-based Network Admission Control. It provides
authentication to devices attached to a network port (wired or wireless), establishing a
point-to-point connection, or if authentication fails, preventing access on that port. 802.1x
is based on EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol).
In a 802.1x enabled network switch, clients equipped with the
authenticated and allowed or denied network access at the Ethernet level.
Clients and servers in an 802.1x network may need to authenticate each other
means. In the Axis implementation this is done with the help of digital certificates
provided by a Certification Authority. These are then validated by a third-party entity,
such as a RADIUS server, examples of which are Free Radius and Microsoft Internet
Authentication Service.
To perform the authentication, the RADIUS server uses various EAP methods/protocols, of
hich there are many. The one used in the Axis implementation is EAP-TLS
w
(EAP-Transport Layer Security).
The AXIS network video device presents its certificat
forwards this to the RADIUS server. The RADIUS server validates or rejects the certificate
and responds to the switch, and sends its own certificate to the client for validation. The
switch then allows or denies network access accordingly, on a preconfigured port.
RADIUS
RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial In User Service) is an AAA (Authentication
Authorization and Accounting) protocol for applications such as network access or IP
mobility. It is intended to work in both local and roaming situations.
CA servers
e to the network switch, which in turn
correct software can be
by some
,
In cryptography, a Certification Authority (CA) is
certificates for use by other parties, and thus acts a trusted third party.
There are many commercial CAs that charge for th
governments may have their own CA, and there are free CAs available.
an entity that provides signed digital
eir services. Institutions and
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - System Options
Date & Time
Current Server Time - displays the current date and time (24h clock). The time can be
displayed in 12h clock format in overlay images.
47
New Server Time - Select your
saving time changes, if desired.
From the Time Mode
• Synchronize
• Synchronize
server every 60 minutes. Specify the NTP server's IP address or host name.
Note:
Note that if using a host name for the NTP server, a DNS server must be configured under TCP/IP settings.
See Network > Advanced TCP/IP Settings below.
• Set manually - this option allows you to manually set the time and date.
Date & Time Format Used in Images - spec
24h) displayed in the Live View video streams.
Use the predefined formats or use your own custom date and
Naming & Date/Time Formats in the online helpfor information on how to create
your own file formats.
section, select the preferred method to use for setting the time:
with computer time - sets the time from the clock on your computer.
with NTP Server - the Video Server will obtain the time from an NTP
time zone from the drop-down list and check the daylight
ify the formats for the date and time (12h or
time formats. See File
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - System Options
48
Network - Basic TCP/IP Settings
IP Address Configuration
Your Axis network camera supports both IP version 4 and IP version 6. Both versions may
be enabled simultaneously, and at least one version must always be enabled.
When using IPv4, the IP address can be set automatically via DHCP,
or a static IP address
can be set manually.
If IPv6 is enabled, your camera will receive an IP address according to the con
figuration in
the network router.
There are also options for setting up notificatio
n of changes in the IP address, and for
using the AXIS Internet Dynamic DNS Service. For more information on setting the IP
address, please see the online help.
The IP address of the Video Server
can be set automatically via DHCP, or a fixed IP address
can be set manually. DHCP is enabled by default. To use a fixed IP address, you must also
enter the correct subnet mask and default router.
Notes:
•DHCP is a protocol for automatic IP address assignment on a network. IP address assignment via DHCP may lead to the situation where the IP address changes and you lose contact. Configure the options for notification of IP address change (under Services) to receive
notification from the Video Server when the IP address changes.
•Alternatively, if your DHCP server can update a DNS server, you can access the AXIS
282/AXIS 282A by host name which is always the same, regardless of the IP address.
Services
Options for notification of IP address change - if the IP address for the Video Server
changes, e.g. automatically by DHCP, you can choose to be notified of the change. Click
Settings... and enter the required information.
AXIS Internet Dynamic DNS Service - If the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A Video Server has
been
registered with the Axis Internet Dynamic DNS service and the IP address for the product
changes, the service is updated to reflect the change. Check the box to enable/disable
automatic updates.
The domain name currently registered at the Axis Internet Dynamic DNS service for your
product can at any time be removed. To
do this click Settings... and follow the
instructions.
For more information, please refer to the online help.
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - System Options
Network - Advanced TCP/IP Settings
DNS Configuration
DNS (Domain Name Service) provides the translation of host names to IP addresses on your
network.
49
Obtain DNS server address via DHCP - au
by the DHCP server. Click the View button to see the current settings.
Use the following DNS server address
following:
• Domain name - en
282/AXIS 282A. Multiple domains can be separated by semicolons (;). The host name is
always the first part of a Fully Qualified Domain Name, e.g. myserver is the host name
in the Fully Qualified Domain Name myserver.mycompany.com where mycom-
pany.com is the Domain name.
• Primary
vides the translation of host names
• Secondary DNS
be used if the primary DNS server is unavailable.
DNS server - Enter the IP address of the primary DNS server. This server pro-
ter the domain(s) to search for the host name used by the AXIS
server - Specify the IP address of the secondary DNS server. This will
tomatically use the DNS server settings provided
- enter the desired DNS server by specifying the
to IP addresses on your network.
NTP Configuration
Obtain NTP server address via DHCP - use a DHCP server to automatically find an NTP
server to synchronize clock of the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A with the other devices on the
network
Use the following NTP server address - use
server for time synchronization.
the host name or IP address of a specific NTP
Host Name Configuration
The AXIS 282/AXIS 282A can be accessed using a host name, instead of an IP address. The
host name is usually the same as the assigned DNS Name.
For more information, please see the online help
Link-Local Address
This is enabled by default and assigns the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A an additional IP address
for use with UPnP™. The AXIS 282/AXIS 282A can have both a Link-Local IP and a
static/DHCP-supplied IP address at the same time - these will not affect each other.
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - System Options
50
HTTP
The default HTTP port number (80) can be changed to any port within the range
1024-65535. This is useful for e.g. simple port mapping.
HTTPS
The default HTTP port number (443) can be changed to any port within the range
1024-65535. This is useful for e.g. simple port mapping.
NAT traversal (port mapping)
Use NAT traversal when your AXIS 282 Video Server is located on an intranet (LAN) and
you wish to make it available from the other (WAN) side of a NAT router. When this is
properly configured, all HTTP traffic to an external HTTP port in the NAT router will be
forwarded to the video server.
Click the Enable button to start NAT configuration, whereby the AXIS
will attempt to configure port mapping in a NAT router on your network, using UPnP™.
For more information, see the online help .
282 Video Server
FTP
Enable FTP server - The FTP server running in the AXIS 282 Video Server enables the
upload of e.g. new firmware, user applications, etc. Check the box to enable the FTP server.
Note that this option has nothing to do with the unit's ability to transfer images
other locations/servers.
via FTP to
RTSP
The RTSP protocol allows a connecting client to start an MPEG-4 stream. Enter the RTSP
port number to use. The default setting is 554.
Network Traffic
The default setting is Auto-negotiate which means that the correct speed is automatically
selected. If necessary, you can set the connection speed by selecting it from the drop-down
list.
Maximum bandwidth
Video Server is allowed to use on your network. This is a useful function when connecting
your Video Server to busy or heavily loaded networks. The default setting is Unlimited.
- Specify, in Mbit/s or kbit/s, the maximum bandwidth that the
When using MPEG-4 as the video format, remember that setting a maximum bandwidth value here may
Note:
create problems for individual video streams if the maximum value is less than the sum of the bit rates set
for the video streams.
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - System Options
For more information, please see the online help
SOCKS
SOCKS is a networking proxy protocol. The AXIS 282/AXIS 282A can be configured to use
a SOCKS server to reach networks on the other side of a firewall/proxy server. This
functionality is useful if the Video Server is located on a local network behind a firewall,
but notifications, uploads, alarms, etc., need to be sent to a destination outside the local
network (e.g. to the Internet).
QoS (Quality of Service)
Quality of Service (QoS) provides the means to guarantee a certain level of a specified
resource to selected traffic on a network. Quality can be defined as a maintained level of
bandwidth, low latency, no packet losses, and so on. The main benefits of a QoS-aware
network can be summarized as:
51
• the ability to prioritize traffic and thus allow
with lesser priority.
• greater reliability in the network, thanks to
application may use, and thus control over bandwidth races between applications.
The QoS in Axis network video products marks th
network traffic originating from the product. This makes it possible for network routers
and switches to reserve a fixed amount of bandwidth for these types of traffic, for example.
The following types of traffic are marked:
• live video
• live audio
• event/alarm traffic
• management network traffic
It is important to remember that
configured. If you are unsure as to whether your network is QoS aware, please check with
your network administrator.
to be able to use QoS, your network must be properly
critical flows to be served before flows
the control of the amount of bandwidth an
e data packets for various types of
QOS Settings
For each type of network traffic supported by your Axis network video product, enter a
DSCP (Differentiated Services Codepoint) value. This value is used to mark the traffic’s IP
header. When the marked traffic reaches a network router or switch, the DSCP value in the
IP header informs the router or switch of the type of treatment to apply to this type of
traffic, for example, how much bandwidth to reserve for it.
Note that DSCP values can be entered
are always shown in decimal.
in decimal or hexadecimal form, but saved values
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - System Options
52
For more information on Quality of Service, please see the Axis support web at
www.axis.com/techsup
SMTP (email)
Enter the host names or addresses for your primary and secondary mail servers in the
fields provided, to enable event and error email messages from the Video Server to
predefined addresses, via SMTP.
If the mail server requires SMTP au
log in to this server and enter the user name and password used for logging in. Several
different methods of authentication are available. See the online help for more
information.
thentication, check the box for Use authentication to
SNMP
The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) allows the remote management of
network devices. Select the version of SNMP to use, depending on the level of security
required. Select the version of SNMP to use, by checking the appropriate box. The three
levels of security are:
• SNMP V1 - includes no security
• SNMP V2c - uses very simple security
• SNMP V3 - provides encryption and secure
If using V1 and V2c, enter the community name for read-only access
SNMP objects (except the root password and other objects that require write access).
Default value = public. You can also specify the community name for read/write access to
all supported SNMP objects (except read-only objects). Default value = pass.
If using HTTPS enter the password if it has not already
the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A must be reset to the factory default settings.
, e.g. community name as password
passwords. Use with HTTPS.
to all supported
been set. To set the password again,
UPnP™
The Video Server includes support for UPnP™ in Windows ME and Windows XP. UPnP™ is
enabled by default.
Note:
UPnP™ must be installed on your workstation if running Windows XP. To do this, open the Control Panel
from the Start Menu and select Add/Remove Programs. Select Add/Remove Windows Components and
open the Networking Services section. Click Details and then select UPnP™ as the service to add.
RTP/MPEG-4
These settings are the IP address, port numbers, and Time-To-Live values to use for the
media stream(s) in the MPEG-4 format. Only certain IP addresses and port numbers should
be used for these streams. For more information, please see the online help.
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - System Options
Bonjour
Your Axis network camera includes support for Bonjour. When enabled, the camera is
automatically detected by operating systems and clients that support this protocol.
Ports & Devices
I/O Ports - the pinout, interface support and the control and monitoring functions
provided by this connector are described in Unit Connectors,
on page 56.
53
RS-232/RS-485 -
RS-232 or RS-485, supports several operational modes listed on this page. For more
information, please see the online help.
The COM port on the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A, which can be configured as
Maintenance
• Restart - The unit is restarted without changing any of the settings. Use this method if
the unit is not behaving as expected.
• Restore - The
ues. The settings that will not be reset are as follows:
• the boot protocol (DHCP or static)
•
the static IP address
• the default router
•the subnet mask
• the system time
• Default
the Video Server's settings to the factory default values (including the IP address)
Upgrade Server - See Upgrading t
Backup - To
button. If necessary, it is then possible to return to a previous configuration if settings are
changed and there is unexpected behavior.
unit is restarted and most current settings are reset to factory default val-
- The default button should be used with caution. Pressing this will return all of
he Firmware, on page 59.
take a backup of all of the parameters, and any user-defined scripts, click this
Restore
the Restore button. The settings will be restored to the previous configuration.
Note:
- click the Browse button to locate the saved backup file (see above) and then click
Backup and Restore can only be used on the same unit running the same firmware. This feature is not
intended for multi-configurations or for firmware upgrades.
Support
The Support Overview page provides valuable information on troubleshooting and contact
information, should you require technical assistance.
ystem Overview gives a quick look over the status of the camera.
The S
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - System Options
54
Logs & Reports - when contacting Axis support, please be sure to provide a valid Server
Report with your query.
Information - The Log report and the Parameter List also
for troubleshooting and when contacting Axis’ support service.
Configuration:
Log Level for Log Files - from the drop-down list, select the level of
added to the Log file
Log Level for Email - from the drop-do
email and enter the destination email address.
wn list, select the level of information to send as
provide valuable information
information to be
Advanced
Scripting is an advanced function that provides the possibility to customize and use
scripts. This function is a very powerful tool.
Caution!
Improper use may cause unexpected behavior or even cause
If a script does cause problems, reset the unit to its factory default settings. A backup file
may be of use to return the unit to its latest configuration).
Axis strongly recommends that you do not
understand the consequences. Note that Axis support does not provide assistance for
problems with customized scripts.
For more information, please visit the Developer pages
use this function unless you fully
loss of contact with the unit.
at www.axis.com/developer
Plain Config - this
configuration. All parameters can be set and modified from this page, including the audio
encoding format. Help is available from the standard help pages.
function is for the advanced user with experience of Axis Video Server
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - System Options
Control button
Status Indicator
Resetting to the Factory Default Settings
To reset the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A to the original default settings, go to the System
Options > Maintenance web page (described in Maintenance,
control button on the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A, as described below:
Using the Control Button
Follow the instructions below to reset the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A to the factory default
settings using the Control Button.
1. Switch off the AXIS 282/AXIS
282A by disconnecting power.
2. Press and hold the Control
button while reconnecting the
power.
3. Keep the Control button
pressed until the Status Indicator displays yellow (this
may take up to 15 seconds).
on page 53) or use the
55
4. Release the Control button.
5. When the Status Indicator changes to Green (may take up to 1 minute), the
process is complete and the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A has been reset.
6. Re-install the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A, as described in Installation, on page 10.
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Unit Connectors
+3.3V
-
+
Pin 1 Power in/out (8 - 20V)
Pin 2 GND
Pin 3 I/O In
Pin 4 I/O Out
Note: The gray box shows components
located on the Axis 282/282A.
Pin 2Pin 1Pin 3Pin 4
56
Unit Connectors
The following connectors are described in this section:
• The Terminal I/O Connector, on page
• The 34-Pin Header,
on page 57
56
The Terminal I/O Connector
The AXIS 282/AXIS 282A provides one 4-pin terminal I/O connector.
PinFunction
1Power in/out (8 - 20V)
2GND
3I/O In
4I/O Out
If the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A has been configured to
I/O pins see Schematic Diagram - 34 I/O Pins, on
out through pin 1of the Terminal I/O
Connector.
have power going in through the 34
page 58, power can be configured to go
Schematic Diagram - Terminal I/O Connector
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Unit Connectors
The 34-Pin Header
This section describes the pinout and interface support provided by the 34-pin I/O terminal
connector:
PinFunctionPinFunction
57
1Network LED green18Mic/Line in GND
2Network LED red19•AXIS 282: Not used
282A Line out (Audio)
•AXIS
3Status LED green20Line out GND
4Status LED red21RS-485 B
5Flash LED22RS-485 A
6Power LED23Serial port RTS (RS-232)
7Control button24Serial port CTS (RS-232)
8I/O IN25Serial port TXD (RS-232)
9I/O OUT26Serial port RXD (RS-232)
10I/O GND27Serial port GND
11Y/C Video in (Y)28Power GND
12Y/C GND29Power GND
13Y/C Video in (C)30Power I/O
14Y/C GND31Power GND
15Composite video in32Power IN
16Composite Video Source GND33Power IN
Pin
01
Pin
02
17•AXIS 282: Not used
AXIS 282A MIC/Line in
•
34Power IN
Pin
33
Pin
34
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Unit Connectors
58
Schematic Diagram - 34 I/O Pins
1
2
3
4
5
Switch Mode
Power Supply
+3.3V
GND
GND
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
Y/C
Video Source
Composite
Video Source
Amp
RS 485
External Device
RS 232 Device
+3.3V
Microphone
Power I/O
-
Power 8 - 20V
+
Note: The gray box shows components
located on the Axis 282/282A.
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting
Checking the Firmware
Firmware is software that determines the functionality of the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A. One of
your first actions when troubleshooting a problem should be to check the currently
installed version. The latest version may contain a correction that fixes your particular
problem. The current firmware version in your AXIS 282/AXIS 282A can be seen under
Setup > Basic Configuration.
Upgrading the Firmware
When you download firmware from the Axis Web site, your Axis product will receive the
latest available functionality. Always read the upgrade instructions and release notes
available with each new release, before updating the firmware.
59
New firmware can be downloaded to the AXIS 28
Pre-configured and customized settings will be retained for use when the new firmware is running (pro-
Note:
vided the features are available in the new firmware) although this is not guaranteed by Axis Communications.
1. Save the firmware file to your computer. The latest version of the AXIS 282/AXIS
282A firmware is available free of charge from the Axis Web site at
www.axis.com/techsup or from your local distributor.
2. Go to Setup > System Options > Maintenance in the Video Server’s Web pages.
3. In the Upgrade Server section and browse to the desired firmware file on your
computer. Click Upgrade.
Notes:
•Always read the upgrade instructions available with each new release, before updating
the firmware.
•After starting the process, you should always wait at least 20 minutes before restarting
the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A, even if you suspect the procedure has failed.
•Your dealer reserves the right to charge for any repair attributable to faulty updating by
the user.
2/AXIS 282A over the network.
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Troubleshooting
60
Emergency Recovery Procedure
If power or the network connection to the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A is lost during the upgrade,
the process will fail and the unit will become unresponsive. A flashing red Status LED
indicates a failed upgrade. To recover the unit, follow the steps below. The serial number is
located on the memory capsules on top of the AXIS 282/282A.
1.Unix/Linux - From the command line,
arp -s <IP address of AXIS 282/AXIS 282A> <Serial number> temp
ping -s 408 <IP address of AXIS 282/AXIS 282A>
Windows - From a command/DOS prompt, type the following:
arp -s <IP address of AXIS 282/AXIS 282A> <Serial number>
ping -l 408 -t <IP address of AXIS 282/AXIS 282A>
2.If the unit does not reply within a few seconds, restart it and wait for a reply. Press
CTRL+C to stop Ping.
3.Open a browser and type in the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A’s IP address. In the page that
appears, use the Browse button to select the upgrade file to use, e.g. axis282qa.bin or
axis282sa.bin. Then click the Load button to restart the upgrade process.
4.After the upgrade has completed (1-10 minutes), the unit will automatically restart and
show a steady green on the Power and Status LEDs and flashing green or amber on the
Network LED.
5.Reinstall the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A.
If the emergency recovery procedure does
running again, please contact Axis support at www.axis.com/techsup/
type the following:
not get the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A up and
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Troubleshooting
Support
If you contact Axis support, please help us help you resolve your problems expediently by
providing a server report, log file and a brief description of the problem.
61
Server Report - go
contains important information about the server and its software, as well as a list of the
current parameters.
Log file - go to Setup > Syst
within the unit since the last restart of the system and can prove a useful diagnostic tool
for troubleshooting.
Logs and Reports
When contacting Axis support, please be sure to
query. The Access Log is automatically included in the server report.
Information
This page gives you access to the following log files and
when troubleshooting a problem or when contacting the Axis support web.
System Log - - Provides information about system events.
Access Log - - The Access Log may be used for various purposes:
• Security - Tracking all access to your camera.
addresses, users and networking protocols used to access the camera.
• Simple web attraction tracker.
• System analysis and trouble
to Setup > System Options > Support Overview. The server report
em Options > Logs & Reports. The Log file records events
provide a valid Server Report with your
reports that may prove useful
The access log lists the IP
shooting.
Server Report - - Provides information about the server status and
included when requesting support.
Parameter List - - Shows the unit's parameters and th
Connection List - - Lists all clients that are currently accessing video and
also used for system analysis and trouble shooting.
eir current settings.
should always be
audio. It is
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Troubleshooting
62
Symptoms, Possible Causes and Remedial Actions
Problems setting the IP address
Using ARP/Ping - the IP address
must be set within two minutes
after power has been applied to
the Video Server
The Video Server is located on a
different subnet.
The IP address is being used by
another device
The AXIS 282/AXIS 282A cannot be accessed from a Web browser
Cannot log inIf the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A has been configured to use HTTPS, check that the protocol in the
The IP address has been changed
by DHCP
Other networking problemsTest the network cable by connecting it to another network device, then Ping that device from
Cannot send notifications, uploads, alarms, etc, to a destination outside the local network
Firewall protectionThe Video Server can be configured to use a SOCKS server to reach networks on the other side
Your AXIS 282/AXIS 282A is accessible locally, but not externally
Firewall protectionCheck the Internet firewall with your system administrator.
Default routers requiredCheck if you need to configure the default router settings.
The Internet site is too heavily
loaded
The Power indicator is not constantly lit
Faulty power supplyVerify that you are using the correct power supply.
The Status and network indicators are flashing red
Hardware failureContact your Axis dealer.
The Status indicator is flashing red and the server is inaccessible
A firmware upgrade has been
interrupted or the firmware has
been damaged in some other
way.
Restart the server and try again. Ensure also the ping length is set to 408. See or ARP and Ping in Windows on p
If the IP address intended for the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A and the IP address of your computer are
located on different subnets, you will not be able to set the IP address. Contact your network
administrator for an IP address on the same subnet as the computer you are performing the
installation from.
Disconnect power from the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A.
Run the Ping command (in a Command/DOS window, type pi
If you receive: Reply from
address may already be in use by another device on your network. You must obtain a new IP
address and reinstall the unit.
If you receive: Request timed out - this means that the IP address is available for use with your
Video Server. In this case, check all cabling and reinstall the unit.
URL used to access the unit is correct. You may need to type this in manually (i.e. http or https)
in the browser’s address field.
1) Move the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A to an isolated network or to one with no DHCP or BOOTP
server. Set the IP address again, using the ARP Ping command.
2) Access the unit and disable BOOTP and DHCP in th
main network. The unit now has a fixed IP address that will not change.
3) As an alternative to 2), if dynamic IP address via DHCP or BOOTP is required, select the
required service and then configure IP address change notification from the network settings.
Return the unit to the main network. The unit will now have a dynamic IP address, but will
notify you if the address changes.
your workstation. See instructions above.
of a firewall/proxy server
Use a script on your web server to relay images from the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A to the Internet.
A rescue firmware is running in the product. First, set the IP address using AXIS IP utility or ARP
and Ping, see page 10. Then, using a browser, access the unit and
to the product, see Upgrading the Firmware, o
age 12, or ARP and Ping in UNIX/Linux on page 13.
<IP address>: bytes = 32; time = 10 ms..... - this means that the IP
ng <IP address of unit>
e TCP/IP settings. Return the unit to the
download the latest firmware
n page 59.
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Troubleshooting
No images displayed in the Web interface
Problem with AMC
(Internet Explorer only)
Installation of additional ActiveX
component restricted or prohibited
Video Image Problems
Black borders around the video
image
Problems uploading own filesThere is only limited space available for the upload of your own files. Try deleting one or more
Missing images in uploadsThis can occur when trying to use a larger image buffer than is actually available. Try lowering
Slow image updateConfiguring e.g. pre-buffers, motion detection, high resolution images, high frame rates, etc.,
Slow performanceSlow performance may be caused by e.g. heavy network traffic, multiple users accessing the
Bad snapshot images
Display incorrectly configured on
your workstation
Problems with the MPEG-4 format
Lower frame rate than expected. Check with the administrator that there is enough bandwidth available. Check also the settings
No MPEG-4 displayed in the
client.
No multicast MPEG-4 displayed
in the client.
Multicast MPEG-4 only accessible by local clients.
Poor rendering of MPEG-4
images.
Color saturation is different in
MPEG-4 and Motion JPEG.
No audio
To enable the updating of images in Microsoft Internet Explorer, set your Web browser to allow
ActiveX controls. Also, make sure that AXIS Media Control (AMC) component is installed on
your workstation.
Configure your AXIS 282/AXIS 282A to use a Java applet for updating the images under
Live View Config > Layout > Default Viewer for Internet Explorer. See the online help for more
information.
Adjust the X and/or Y offset, in the Video Source Settings. See the online help for information.
existing files, to free up space
the frame rate or the upload period.
will reduce the performance of the Video Server.
unit, low performance clients, use of features such as Motion Detection, Event handling, Image
rotation.
In Display Properties, configure your display to show at least 65000 colors, i.e. at least 16-bit.
Using only 16 or 256 colors on your display will produce dithering artifacts in the image.
for bit rate control, in the Video & Image > Advanced> MPEG-4 settings. Using an inappropriate video object type can also affect the frame rate.
tion.
Check in the AMC control panel applet (MPEG-4 tab) that
only I frames.
Lower the image resolution.
Reduce the number of applications running on the client computer.
Check that the correct network interface is selected in the AMC control panel applet (network
tab).
Check that the relevant MPEG-4 connection methods are enabled in the AMC control panel
applet (network tab).
In the AMC control applet, select the MPEG-4 tab and click the button Set to default MPEG-4
decoder.
Check with your network administrator that the multicast addresses used by the
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A are valid for your network.
Check with your network administrator to see if there is a firewall preventing viewing.
Check if your router supports multicasting, or if the router settings between the client and the
server need to be configured. The TTL (Time To Live) value may need to be increased.
Color depth set incorrectly on clients. Set to 16-bit or 32-bit color.
If text overlays are blurred, or if there are other rendering problems, you may need to enable
Advanced Video Rendering. This is done on the MPEG-4 tab in the AMC control panel applet.
Ensure that your graphics card is using the latest device driver. The latest drivers can usually be
downloaded from the manufacturer's web site.
Modify the settings for your graphics adapter. Please see the adapter's documentation for more
information.
See the online help for more informa-
video processing is not set to Decode
63
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Troubleshooting
64
Incorrect setup.Check that the sound card in the PC and the connections to the speaker and microphone are
Post Content Length in proxy
server.
Full duplex not supported.Sound card does not support full-duplex. For information on how to check if your sound card
Firewall or router settings.AXIS 282/AXIS 282A works locally, but not externally. Check the Internet firewall settings with
DC power not enabled for microphone.
Audio volume too low/high (AXIS 282A only)
Volume settings incorrect.The volume of the microphone or speaker connected to the AXIS 282A is either too high or too
Input and output gain set incorrectly.
Poor audio quality (AXIS 282A only)
Too many users.Too many users/clients listening to audio from the AXIS 282A may adversely affect the sound
User too close to microphone.Enable the speech filter in Audio > Advanced Settings.
Feedback from speaker.Enable the echo cancellation filter in Audio > Advanced Settings.
Background noise.Adjust the noise cancellation threshold and attenuation to reduce background noise levels in
CPU overloaded.Reduce the number of listeners and viewers and decrease the image resolution and compres-
working. Ensure that the mute button is not pressed and the volume settings are correct.
Ensure that full-duplex is selected if you want to have two way audio communication.
The Post Content Length set in the proxy server is too low. Set the value of the Post Content
Length in your proxy server to 1MB or more. You may need to contact your system administrator to do this.
your system administrator or reconfigure the default router settings.
If the microphone has a built-in amplifier then the DC power must be enabled on the Audio
Settings page.
low. Change the volume for the speaker or microphone in the Live View page.
Change the input gain for the microphone and the output gain for the speaker to adjust the
audio levels on the Audio Settings page.
quality.
Audio > Advanced Settings.
sion.
For additional assistance, please contact your reseller or check the product’s support pages on
the Axis Website at www.axis.com/techsup
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Technical Specifications
Technical Specifications
ItemSpecification
Models• AXIS AXIS 282: 1-channel bare board video server
• AXIS AXIS 282A: 1-channel bare board video server with two-way audio
Video compression• Motion-JPEG
• MPEG-4 Part2 (ISO/IEC 14496-2), Profiles: ASP and SP
• User’s manual and installation tool
configuration
• Configuration backup and restore
• Firmware upgrades over HTTP or FTP, firmwar
• Camera live view
• Sequence tour capability for up to 20 PTZ presets or other Axis video sources
• Customizable HTML pages
• 128 MB RAM
• AGP graphics card, DirectDraw, 32 MB video RAM
• Windows 2000 or later
• DirectX 9.0 or later
• Internet Explorer 5.x or later. For other oper
www.axis.com/techsup
• Powerful API for software integration available at www.axis.com, including HTTP
API, AXIS Media Control SDK
• Event trigger data in video stream
• Embedded scripting and access to serial
• Watchdog secures continuous operation, and can be monitored by other systems
via event notification
• Embedded operating system: Linux 2.4
SMTP, FTP, DHCP, UPnP, ARP, DNS, DynDNS, SOCKS. More information on protocol
usage available at www.axis.com
o
C (41oF) to 50oC (122oF)
available at www.axis.comWeb-based
e available at www.axis.com
ating systems and browsers, see
port peripherals over HTTP/TCP
*This product includes software developed by the Open SSL Project for use in the Open
SSL Toolkit.
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Technical Specifications
ItemSpecification
Applications
(not included)
Included Accessories• Pentium MPEG-4 licenses (1 encoder, 1 decoder)
Accessories
(not included)
Approvals• AXIS 282/AXIS 282A is delivered as a component for the sole purpose of being
Dimensions • HxWxD = 19 x 79 x 82mm (3/4” x 3 1/8” x 3 1/4”)
• API AXIS Camera Station - Surveillance application for viewing, recording and
archiving up to 25 cameras
• AXIS Camera Management – Efficient install
network video products
• AXIS Camera Explorer – Basic software
• See www.axis.com/partner/adp_partners.htm for more software applications via
partners
• MPEG-4 decoder (Windows)
• AXIS 292 Network Video Decoder
• AXIS MPEG-4 Decoder 10 user license pack
integ
rated into a product or system. The foregoing implies an obligation on behalf
of the integrator to obtain any approvals from authorities or governmental bodies
that may be required for the lawful use of the finished product or system, which
includes the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A as a component.Resale and use of the AXIS
282/AXIS 282A on a stand-alone basis is not allowed.
• Weight: 60g (2 1/8oz)
ation and management tool for Axis
for viewing and manual recording
67
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Technical Specifications
68
General performance considerations
When setting up your system, it is important to consider how various settings and
situations will affect performance. Some factors affect the amount of bandwidth (the bit
rate) required, others can affect the frame rate, and some will affect both. If the load on the
CPU reaches its maximum, this will also affect the frame rate.
The following factors are among the most important to consider:
• High image resolutions and/or lower compression
Bandwidth affected.
• Access by large numbers of Motion JPEG an
width affected.
• Simultaneous viewing of different streams (resolution,
ferent clients. Frame rate
• Accessing both Motion JPEG and MPEG-4 video streams
rate and bandwidth affected.
• Heavy usage of event settings affects the CPU load. Frame rate affected.
• Enabled motion detection. Frame rate and bandwidth affected.
• Heavy network utilization due to poor infrastructure.
• Viewing on poorly performing client PC lowers perceived performance. Frame
r
ate affected.
• Access by large number of audio clients using
affected.
and bandwidth affected.
levels result in larger images.
d/or unicast MPEG-4 clients. Band-
compression, etc.) by dif-
simultaneously. Frame
Bandwidth affected
full-duplex mode. Bandwidth
Optimizing your system
To see the bandwidth and frame rate currently required by the video stream, the AXIS
282/AXIS 282A provides a tool that can be used to display these values directly in the
video image.
To do this, special format strings
of a text overlay. Simply add #r (average frame
rate in fps) and/or #b (average bandwidth in Kbps)
bandwidth in Kbps) to the overlay.
For detailed instructions, please see the online help
for Vi
deo & Image > Overlay Settings, and the
help for File Naming & Date/Time Formats.
are added as part
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Technical Specifications
Important!
•The figures displayed here are the values as delivered by the server. If other restrictions are
currently in force, (e.g. bandwidth limitation) these values might not correspond to those
actually received by the client.
•For Motion JPEG, these values will only be accurate as long as no frame rate limit has been
specified.
Frame rates - Motion JPEG
The following test results show the frame rates in frames/second (fps) for Motion JPEG
streams from the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A, using a compression level of 50%. Note that these
values are guidelines only - actual values may vary.
fps (PAL/NTSC)
1 channel
4CIF25/30
2CIF expanded25/30
2CIF 25/30
CIF25/30
QCIF 25/30
69
Frame rates - MPEG-4
The following test results show the frame rates in frames/second (fps) for MPEG-4 streams
from the AXIS 282/AXIS 282A. Note that these values are guidelines only - actual values
may vary.
The MPEG-4 test conditions:
• Compression level = 50%
Video Object Type = Advanced Simple
•
• GOV structure = IP*
fps (PAL/NTSC)
1 channel
4CIF17/21
2CIF expanded17/21
2CIF 25/30
CIF25/30
QCIF 25/30
*Note that setting the GOV structure to use “I-frames only” will increase the frame rate.
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Technical Specifications
70
Bandwidth
As there are many factors affecting bandwidth, it is very difficult to predict the required
amounts. The settings that affect bandwidth are:
• the image resolution
• the image compression
•the frame rate
• the MPEG-4 object type
• the MPEG-4 GOV structure
• the analog cameras connected to the Vi
• the audio settings
There are also factors in the monitored scene that
• the amount of motion
• the image’s complexity
• the lighting conditions.
For MPEG-4, if there is only limited bandwidth available, and if
than the image quality, using a constant bit rate (CBR) is recommended. Use a variable bit
rate (VBR) if the image quality needs to be maintained at a higher level. If supported on the
network, consider also using MPEG-4 multicasting, as the bandwidth consumption will be
much lower.
deo Server
will affect the bandwidth. These are:
this is more important
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Glossary
71
Glossary
Active Speaker - a speaker with a built-in power
amplifier.
ActiveX - A control (or set of rules) used by a browser.
ActiveX controls are often downloaded and installed
automatically as required.
AMC - AXIS Media Control. The control required for
viewing video images in Internet Explorer. Installs
automatically on first use.
API - Application Programming Interface. The Axis API
can be used for integrating Axis products into other
applications.
ARP - Address Resolution Protocol. Used to associate an
IP address to a hardware MAC address. A request is
broadcast on the local network to find out what the MAC
address is for the IP address.
ARTPEC - Axis Real Time Picture Encoder - used for
image compression.
BOOTP - A protocol that can automatically configure a
network device (give it an IP address).
CGI - Common Gateway Interface. A set of rules (or a
program) that allows a Web Server to communicate with
other programs.
Client/Server - Describes the network relationship
between two computer programs, in which one, the client,
makes a service request from another - the server.
DC-Iris - This special type of iris is electrically controlled
by the Axis camera, to automatically regulate the amount
of light allowed to enter.
dB (Decibels) - A unit to measure sound level changes. A
3dB change is the smallest level change we can hear. A
3dB change is actually twice or half the audio power
level. A gain of 0dB will leave the signal level unchanged.
De-interlacing - De-interlacing is the process taking a
stream of interlaced frames and converting it to a stream
of progressive frames.
DSL - Digital Subscriber Line. A means of transferring
data via standard phone lines.
Ethernet - A widely used networking standard.
ETRAX - Axis' own microprocessor.
Firewall - A virtual barrier between a LAN (Local Area
Network) and other networks, e.g. the Internet.
FTP - File Transfe
of files to and from an FTP-server.
Full-duplex directions simultaneously.
G.711 - G.7
telephone audio on 64 kbps channel. It is a pulse code
r Protocol. Used for the simple transfer
Transmission of data, e.g. audio, in two
11 is the international standard for encoding
modulation (PCM) scheme operating at 8 kHz sample rate.
G.726 - Frequently
telecommunications due to its high perceived speech
quality and low resource requirements.
Half-duplex- A half-duplex link
direction at a time only, much like a walkie-talkie. Two
way communication is possible, but not simultaneously.
HTTP - H
exchanging files (text, images, sound, video, and other
files) on the World Wide Web.
HTTP-S (HTTPS)- An extension to the HTTP protocol to
support sending data securely over the World Wide Web.
Intranet - A private network limited to an organization or
corporation. Usually closed to external traffic.
IP - Internet Protocol. See TCP/IP.
IP address - A unique number used by a computer on the
network to allow it to be identified and found.
ISMA - Internet Streaming Media Alliance.
JPEG - A standard image format, used widely for
photographs. Also known as JPG.
LAN - A local area network (LAN) is a group of computers
and associated devices that typically share common
resources within a limited geographical area.
Linux - A popular operating system that is “open source”
and practically free of charge.
Lux - A standard unit for light measurement.
Mbit/s - Megabits per second. A unit for measuring
speeds in networks. A LAN might run at 10 or 100 Mbit/s.
MPEG-4 - A video compression standard that makes good
use of bandwidth, and which can provide DVD-quality
video streams at less than 1 Mbit/s.
Multicast - A bandwidth-conserving technology that
reduces bandwidth usage by simultaneously delivering a
single stream of information to multiple network
recipients.
PEM - Privacy Enhanced Mail. An early standard for
securing electronic mail. The PEM-format is often used
for representing an HTTPS certificate or certificate
request.
Ping - A small utility used for sending data packets to
network resources to check that they are working and that
the network is intact.
Pre/post alarm image - The images from immediately
before and after an alarm.
Protocol - A special set of rules governing how two
entities will communicate. Protocols are found at many
levels of communication, and there are hardware
protocols and software protocols.
Router - A device that determines the next network point
ypertext Transfer Protocol. The set of rules for
used speech-compression algorithm in
communicates in one
AXIS 282/AXIS 282A - Glossary
72
to which a packet should be forwarded on its way to its
final destination. A router is often included as part of a
network switch (see below).
RTP- Real-Time Transfer Protocol. A transfer protocol
designed for the delivery of live content, e.g. MPEG-4.
Simplex communications channel can only send information in
one direction; it's a “one-way street”.
SMTP to send e-mail across the Internet. SMTP authentication is
a way of allowing people outside of a domain to use an
SMTP server when sending e-mail.
SNMP - Simple Network Management Protocol. An
application layer protocol that facilitates the exchange of
management information between network devices. It is
part of the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet
Protocol (TCP/IP) protocol suite.
Subnet Mask - An IP address consists of two components:
the network address and the host address. “Subnetting’
enables a network administrator to further divide the host
part of the address into two or more subnets. The subnet
mask identifies the subnet to which an IP address belongs.
Switch - Whilst a simple hub transmits all data to all
devices connected to it, a switch only transmits the data
to the device it is specifically intended for.
TCP/IP - Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol.
A suite of network protocols that determine how data is
transmitted. TCP/IP is used on many networks, including
the Internet. TCP keeps track of the individual packets of
information and IP contains the rules for how the packets
are actually sent and received.
UDP - The User Datagram Protocol is a communications
protocol that offers a limited amount of service when
messages are exchanged between computers in a network
that uses the Internet Protocol (IP). UDP is an alternative
to the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and, together
with IP, is also known as UDP/IP.
Unicast - Communication between a single sender and a
single receiver over a network. A new connection is
established for each new user.
URL - Uniform Resource Locator. An “address" on the
network.
Varifocal - A varifocal lens provides a wide range of focal
lengths, as opposed to a lens with a fixed focal length,
which only provides one.
WAN - Wide-Area-Network. Similar to a LAN, but on a
larger geographical scale.
Web server - A program on a computer that delivers the
resources (usually web pages) requested by the web user
(the client).
In simplex operation, a network cable or
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is the protocol used