Atec SFQ User Manual

TV Test Transmitter R&S® SFQ

Digital signals for antenna, satellite and cable

ATSC

ITU-T J.83 ISDB-T

Version

09.00

June 2003

◆ Wide output frequency range from

0.3 MHz to 3300 MHz

◆ Large output level range for transmis-

sion, receiver and module measurements

◆ Standard DVB, DTV signals and

FM satellite signals

◆ Several standards in one unit

◆ Flexible input interfaces

– ASI, SPI, SMPTE310

◆ Output and input for I/Q signals

◆ Internal noise generator for high-

precision C/N settings

◆ Internal BER measurement facility for

all digital modulation modes

◆ Internal fading simulator

– 6 or 12 paths – Profiles: Constant Phase, Rayleigh,

Rice, Pure Doppler, Lognormal

– Predefined and user-defined

profiles

– Fading output power selectable for

sum signal or main path

◆ Antenna DVB-T

–2K and 8K COFDM – 6/7/8 MHz bandwidth – Hierarchical coding

◆ Antenna ATSC

–8VSB

◆ Antenna ISDB-T

– Mode 1/2/3 (2k, 4k, 8k) – Max. 3 layers (A, B, C) – 13 segments (settable number for

each layer)

– DQPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM

◆ Cable DVB-C

– Selectable QAM:16, 32, 64, 128,

256QAM

◆ Cable J.83-B

– Selectable QAM (64, 256QAM)

◆ Satellite DVB-S, DVB-DSNG, Satellite

Tur bo – QPSK, 8PSK, 16QAM – QPSK turbo, 8PSK turbo

◆ Satellite FM

– PAL, SECAM, NTSC – FM and ADR sound subcarrier

Basic models − options for

DVB/8VSB/ISDB-T/J.83-B, transmission simulation

Basic models

◆ DVB-T: R&S SFQ02 + R&S SFQ-B10

◆ ATSC: R&S SFQ02 + R&S SFQ-B12

◆ ISDB-T: R&S SFQ02 + R&S SFQ-B26

◆ DVB-C: R&S SFQ02 + R&S SFQ-B21

◆ J.83-B: R&S SFQ02 + R&S SFQ-B13

◆ DVB-S/-DSNG: R&S SFQ02 +

R&S SFQ-B23

◆ Satellite Turbo: R&S SFQ02 +

R&S SFQ-B23 + R&S SFQ-B25

◆ FM: R&S SFQ02 + R&S SFQ-B2

DVB/VSB options

◆ I

nput interface (ASI, SPI, SMPTE310 settable symbol rate, accurate data clock)

◆ DVB-T coder

◆ Hierarchical coding for DVB-T coder

◆ ATSC/8VSB coder

◆ ISDB-T coder

◆ DVB-C coder

◆ J.83-B coder

◆ DVB-S/-DSNG coder

◆ Satellite Turbo

◆ I/Q output/input

Transmission simulation

;

◆ Fading simulator (6 or12 paths)

◆ Noise generator

◆ BER measurement

Broadband FM options

◆ Broadband FM modulator

◆ FM sound subcarrier with

internal audio generators

◆ ADR sound subcarrier with

internal MUSICAM generators

2 TV Test Transmitter R&S

SFQ

Basic features

General

◆ Frequency range 0.3 MHz to 3.3 GHz

◆ Large level range −99.9 dBm to +13 dBm

◆ Simple, user-friendly hardkey and

softkey control

◆ Large display with all important

parameters in headline

◆ Status menu for supplementary

information

◆ User-definable transmitter tables

◆ Storage of instrument settings internally

and on memory card

◆ Online help

◆ IEC625/IEEE488 bus, RS-232-C interface

◆ Modular design

◆ Software update via RS-232-C interface

(or memory card)

The TV Test Transmitter R&S SFQ is a complete solution for testing digital TV links and receivers. The open-end software and modular hardware make the R&S SFQ future-proof. The standards for DVB-T, DVB-S/DVB-DSNG, turbocoding, DVB-C, J.83-B, ATSC/8VSB Owing to its adaptability to future system changes, the R&S SFQ is a useful and rewarding investment for your launch onto the digital TV market.

Moreover, the R&S SFQ also processes analog frequency-modulated satellite signals in line with PAL, SECAM, NTSC standards. The sound signals are transmitted using analog FM and digital ADR sound subcarriers.

The test signals produced are of high precision and comply with the standards, but they can also be varied and provided with predefined errors to determine the performance of your products at their limits. The reproducible simulation of real transmission conditions by means of the noise generator and the fading simulator enables the specification of modules under test.

and ISDB-T

are fully complied with.

Applications

Because of its high signal quality and versatile parameters variations, the R&S SFQ is ideal as a source for digital terrestrial signals (DVB-T, ATSC and ISDB-T), for testing satellite (DVB-S/-DSNG, turbocoding and FM) and digital cable links (DVB-C, J.83-B), as a standard-signal generator in development, as a reference in quality monitoring, EMC labs, inspection and test centers and for use in production. The output frequency range allows the R&S SFQ to be used as a back-channel generator and covers future extensions of the satellite IF range.

Operational parameters (e.g. roll-off, puncturing rate or QAM mode) can easily be varied. For laboratory applications, values outside those defined in the standard can be selected. For special measurements, e.g. DVB-T, it is possible to switch off modulation, individual carriers or groups of carriers. Sweep can be performed over the complete RF range.

A shift function for frequency, level and C/N makes it possible to determine the functional limits of the DUT, compensate for external matching pads, adjust two units to give exactly the same output signal, etc. The advantage is that the output signal can be changed as required while the standard/ nominal value continues to be displayed on the R&S SFQ.

The analog R&S SFQ supplies frequency-modulated satellite signals conforming to standards. Various TV standards can be selected and up to six sound subcarriers (FM and ADR) can be integrated. In addition, external sound subcarriers can be applied. Operational parameters are in line with standards; parameters such as amplitude, frequency and deviation are variable. Signals such as noise or energy dispersal can be added. It is thus possible to test satellite links and receivers with the aid of standard signals and to check the response to nonstandard signals.

TV Test Transmitter R&S® SFQ 3

ASI, SMPTE310

SPI, TS PARALLEL Ext. clock BER DATA/CLOCK/

ENABLE

Input

Interface

Option R&S SFQ-B6

Ext. I/Q

I/Q Output/Input

Option R&S SFQ-B14

Noise Generator

Option R&S SFQ-B5

TV Test Transmitter R&S SFQ

Additional inputs: TS PARALLEL AUX, BER DATA/ CLOCK/ ENABLE

3 inputs:

PAL, NTSC,

SECAM

Ext. sync.

Audio

I/Q coder

DVB-T, ISDB-T

and/or

ATSC/8VSB/J.83-B

and/or

DVB-C, DVB-S

Baseband

2 FM subcarriers

Fading

simulator

Paths 1 to 6

Paths 7 to 12

Broadband FM Modulator

Option R&S SFQ-B2

BB FM modulator

Noise generator

I/Q

modulator

External FM

External subcarrier

RF converter

10 MHz reference

FM Sound Subcarriers Opt. R&S SFQ-B3

ADR Sound Subcarriers Opt. R&S SFQ-B4

FM Sound Subcarriers Opt. R&S SFQ-B3

ADR Sound Subcarriers Opt. R&S SFQ-B4

Attenuator

2 ADR

2 FM

0.3 MHz to 3300 MHz

Audio Audio

MPEG audio

Audio Audio

MPEG audio

Bl ock di agram of the TV Test Tra nsm itter R&S SFQ with available options

R&S SFQ models

Models Description Free slots for

options

R&S SFQ

02 + option

R&S SFQ

02 + option

R&S SFQ02 + option R&S SFQ-B26

R&S SFQ

02 + option

R&S SFQ

02 + option

R&S SFQ

02 + option

R&S SFQ

02 + option

R&S SFQ

-B10

-B12

-B21

-B13

-B23

-B2

TV Tes t Trans mitter for

DVB-T 5

ATS C/8 VSB 5

ISDB-T 5

DVB-C 5

J.83-B 5

DVB-S/-DSNG 5

Broadband FM 3

DVB/8VSB/ISDB-T/J.83-B options

Options Description/Application

(always state the R&S SFQ serial number when ordering an R&S SFQ option)

R&S SFQ-B6 Input Interface

ASI, SPI input with stuffing, SMPTE input, enhanced clock accuracy of internal signals

R&S SFQ-B10 DVB-T Coder Included in model .20* (see options R&S SFQ-B3 and R&S SFQ-B4) 1

R&S SFQ-B16

R&S SFQ-B12

R&S SFQ

-B8 ATSC/8VSB (FW)

R&S SFQ

-B13

R&S SFQ

-B9 ITU-T J.83-B (FW)

4 TV Test Transmitter R&S

DVB-T/ Hierarchical Coding

ATS C/8 VSB Cod er (HW + FW)

ITU-T J.83-B Coder (HW + FW)

SFQ

Only in conjunction with R&S SFQ model .20* or option R&S SFQ-B10 0

Included in model .30*, not in conjunction with R&S SFQ-B13 1

Included in R&S SFQ-B12 Only in conjunction with option R&S SFQ

Only in conjunction with

option

R&S SFQ

-B13

-B6,

not in conjunction with

R&S SFQ-B12

Included in R&S SFQ-B13 Only in conjunction with

options

R&S SFQ

-B12 and R&S SFQ-B6

Required slots

DVB/8VSB/ISDB-T/J.83-B options (contd.)

Options Description/Application

(always state the R&S SFQ serial number when ordering an R&S SFQ option)

R&S SFQ-B15 DVB-C/DVB-S Coder No longer available

R&S SFQ-B21 DVB-C Coder (HW + FW)

R&S SFQ-B22 DVB-C (only FW)

R&S SFQ-B23

R&S SFQ-B24 DVB-S/-DSNG (only FW)

R&S SFQ-B25 Satellite Turbo

R&S SFQ-B26 ISDB-T Coder –– 1

R&S SFQ-B14 I/Q Output/Input

DVB-S/-DSNG Coder (HW + FW)

Not in conjunction with

Only in conjunction with

Not in conjunction with R&S SFQ-B15, R&S SFQ-B21 and R&S SFQ-B6 model .02

Only in conjunction with R&S SFQ-B6 model .02,

Only in conjunction with

Output/input for external applications (e.g. external modulator) and for signal modification/manipulation (see option R&S SFQ-B2)

R&S SFQ-B15, R&S SFQ-B23 1

R&S SFQ-B23,

R&S SFQ-B21, not in conjunction with

included in R&S

R&S SFQ-B23 or R&S SFQ-B24 0

included in R&S

SFQ-B23

SFQ-B21 0

Required slots

Options for transmission simulation

Options Description/Application

(always state the R&S SFQ serial number when ordering an R&S SFQ option)

R&S SFQ-B11 model .02

R&S SFQ-B11 model .04

R&S SFQ-B5 Noise Generator

R&S SFQ-B17 BER Measurement

Fading Simulator, paths 1 to 6

Fading Simulator, paths 7 to 12

Fading simulation for up to 6 paths 2 slots for R&S SFQ model .10* delivered before September 1999; serial number of R&S SFQ must be stated

Fading simulation for up to 12 paths; only in conjunction with option R&S SFQ-B11, model .02

BER vs C/N, measurement of system margins; not in conjunction with option R&S SFQ-B2

Only in conjunction with R&S SFQ model .20* or with option R&S SFQB10 or with option R&S SFQ-B6 model >03

Required slots

BB-FM options

Options Description/Application

(always state the R&S SFQ serial number when ordering an R&S SFQ option)

Satellite FM with 2 FM sound subcarriers,

R&S SFQ-B2 Broadband FM Modulator

R&S SFQ-B3 2 FM Sound Subcarriers

R&S SFQ-B4 2 ADR Sound Subcarriers

* Previous model designations.

noise generator included, not in conjunction with option R&S SFQ-B5 Restriction in conjunction with option R&S SFQ-B14: only one video input on front panel available

2 additional FM sound subcarriers, only in conjunction with option R&S SFQ-B2 Restriction in conjunction with option R&S SFQ-B10: for one R&S SFQ-B3 option or one R&S SFQ-B4 option

2 additional ADR sound subcarriers, only in conjunction with option R&S SFQ-B2 Restriction in conjunction with option R&S SFQ-B10: for one R&S SFQ-B3 option or one R&S SFQ-B4 option

sound inputs only

TV Test Transmitter R&S® SFQ 5

Required slots

DVB: coding and mapping for antenna, satellite and cable

The I/Q coders of the TV Test Transmitter R&S SFQ encode the applied transport stream for terrestrial transmission via antenna or for satellite or cable transmission in line with standards and condition it so that I and Q (inphase and quadrature) signals are obtained. The R&S SFQ accepts MPEG transport streams with a packet length of 188 or 204 bytes. The input interfaces are synchronous parallel (TS parallel, SPI) and asynchronous serial (ASI). The input data rate and the sym rate for DVB-

C, DVB-S and DVB-DSNG modulation are selectable. With DVB-T modulation, the channel bandwidths of 6 MHz, 7 MHz and 8 MHz can be selected; their default settings can be varied.

Instead of the external transport data stream (DATA) being used, an internal data source can generate null transport stream packets (NULL TS PACKET, as defined in the DVB Measurement Guidelines), or an unpacketed random sequence (PRBS). The PRBS sequence is also available in packeted form in the null transport stream packets (NULL PRBS PACKET). The R&S SFQ warns the user if

bol

the input signal fails, the set data rate does not match the incoming one or the USEFUL DATA RATE is too high.

The input data stream is linked to a random sequence, ensuring that the signal energy is evenly distributed (energy dispersal). Energy dispersal can be switched off. The same applies to SYNC BYTE inversion.

Following energy dispersal, a ReedSolomon coder (204,188) is provided as an outer encoder for forward error correction (FEC). 16 parity bytes are added to the unchanged 188 data bytes of each transport stream packet. These 16 parity bytes form the redundancy that allows eight errored bytes of a frame to be corrected by the receiver. A convolutional interleaver distributes the data so that consecutive bits are separated. Burst errors occurring on the transmission path are split up by the de-interleaver into single errors that can be corrected by the Reed-Solomon decoder. The interleaver, too, can be disabled.

Up to and including the convolutional interleaver, coding is identical for antenna (COFDM), satellite (QPSK, 8PSK, 16QAM) and cable (QAM) transmission. No further

FEC coding is provided for cable transmissions, as in this case interference due to noise, nonlinearities and interruptions is less likely than on satellite links or with antenna transmissions. With cable transmissions, mapping into the I and Q paths is performed next.

For terrestrial transmissions via antenna and for satellite transmissions, additional inner FEC coding is performed after the convolutional interleaver. The procedure, which is known as convolutional encoding, doubles the data rate. Puncturing is carried out next, i.e. certain bits are left out in the transmission according to a defined algorithm, so that the data rate is reduced again.

With DVB-S satellite transmissions, mapping into the I and Q paths is performed at this point.

Instead of the convolutional encoder (DVB-S), a pragmatic trellis coding type is used

for DVB-DSNG satellite trans-

mission.

A satellite turbo provides inner error correction for turbocoding and allows operation at considerably lower C/N ratios at the same BER.

DVB-C

6 TV Test Transmitter R&S

DVB-S

SFQ

+ 14 hidden pages