American Power Conversion K250EI User Manual

APC Back-UPS

Uninterruptible Power Source

User’s Manual

®

230 VAC

Models BK250EI,

BK400EI, BK600EI

Important Safety Instructions!

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Thank you for selecting this American Power Conversion Uninterruptible Power Source
(UPS). It has been designed for many years of reliable, maintenance free service.
American Power Conversion is dedicated to the development of high performance
electrical conversion and control products and we hope that you will find this UPS a
valuable, convenient addition to your computing system.

This manual provides safety, installation and operating instructions that will help you
derive the fullest performance and service life that the UPS has to offer. In addition, the
manual describes the inner workings of the UPS and how they relate to providing superior
protection from utility power problems such as blackouts, brownouts, sags, swells, EMI/
RFI noise and surges.

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It includes important instructions for the safe use of this UPS and for obtaining factory
service should the proper operation of the UPS come into question. In the future, service
or storage issues may arise and require reference to this manual.

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The UPS's shipping materials were designed with great care to provide protection from
transportation related damage. The shipping materials will become useful to you in case
the UPS must be returned to the factory for service (damages sustained in transit when
shipped from the user are not covered under warranty).

Entire contents copyright © 1996 American Power Conversion. All rights reserved; reproduc-

tion in whole or in part without permission is prohibited. Back-UPS and PowerChute are

registered trademarks of APC. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

Part# 990-2030 10/96

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Table of Contents

1.0 Introduction ..................................................................... 2

2.0 Safety! ............................................................................. 4

Sécurité! (Françias) ..................................................................... 5

Sicherheit! (Deutsch) .................................................................. 6

Seguridad! (Español) .................................................................. 7

3.0 Installation ....................................................................... 8

4.0 Principles of Operation ...................................................... 13

5.0 Controls and Indicators ...................................................... 18

6.0 UPS monitoring ................................................................ 21

7.0 Difficulty .........................................................................23

Difficulté (Françias) .................................................................. 24

Schwierigkeit (Deutsch) ............................................................. 25

Dificultad (Español) .................................................................. 26

8.0 Storing the UPS ................................................................ 31

9.0 Run Time Versus Load ....................................................... 32

10.0 Specifications .................................................................. 33

Declaration of Conformity ........................................................ 35

Page 1

1.0 Introduction

1.1 Overview

The UPS is a high performance standby uninterruptible power source designed to protect
computers and peripheral devices such as monitors, modems, tape drives, etc. from utility
line failures which could result in the loss or corruption of valuable data. In the event of
a utility failure such as a blackout, brownout, or sag, the UPS rapidly transfers loads
(computer equipment) to an alternative power source. This alternative power is derived
from a battery within the UPS and provides the user with ample time to save files and
properly close operations. A chart in section 9.0 shows how much time your equipment
can remain operating during a utility failure before the UPS’s batteries are drained. Under
normal conditions when the utility voltage is within proper limits, the UPS maintains the
battery in a charged condition and serves to isolate your equipment from surges and high
frequency electrical noise.

After following the installation procedures and reading all the safety instructions, your
computer equipment will be protected from hardware damage and loss of data caused by
power problems.

1.2 User replaceable battery

The UPS provides user-safe access to the batteries for quick, easy replacement. The UPS's
Test function (400VA and 600VA models) helps you determine when the battery is weak
and requires replacement. New battery kits can be obtained from your dealer or the
factory — simply call the Customer Service number on the cover of this manual. Your
UPS's old, worn battery can be returned in the new battery kit's packaging for recycling.

1.3 Option switches

Option switches allow you to adjust the UPS for applications where frequent utility voltage
fluctuations cause the UPS to transfer to on-battery operation too often. Audible alarm
functions can be altered so that warning of utility failure or low battery conditions are
given when desired.

Page 2

1.4 Test / Alarm Disable switch

A dual function Test / Alarm Disable switch (400VA and 600VA models) allows you to
check for proper operation by initiating a transfer to on-battery operation. This test
ensures that the UPS is not overloaded and will support the system load during an actual
power disturbance. By using the Test function throughout the life of the UPS, you can
estimate when the UPS's battery should be replaced. During a utility failure, the Alarm
Disable portion of the switch can be pressed to silence the audible alarm.

1.5 Surge suppression and EMI/RFI filtering

The UPS provides high performance surge suppression and EMI/RFI (electromagnetic
and radio frequency interference) filtering. The UPS suppresses surges defined by the IEC
801-5 standard to levels well below that which is compatible with your computer.

1.6 Remote interface

The 600VA model is equipped with a remote computer interface port that is capable of
signalling utility failure and low battery conditions. It also allows for unattended
shutdown of computer operations. When teamed with PowerChute UPS monitoring
software, you may select operation of power event logging, power event notification,
automatic restart upon power restoration, and battery conservation features.

Page 3

2.0 Safety !

Caution!

■ To reduce the risk of electric shock, disconnect the Uninterruptible Power Source from the

mains before installing a computer interface signal cable (when used). Reconnect the
power cord only after all signalling interconnections have been made.

■ Connect the Uninterruptible Power Source to a two-pole, three-wire grounding mains re-

ceptacle. The receptacle must be connected to appropriate branch protection (fuse or cir­cuit breaker). Connection to any other type of receptacle may result in a shock hazard and
may violate local electrical codes.

■ This Uninterruptible Power Source has an internal energy source (the battery) that cannot

be de-energized by the user. The output may be energized when the unit is not connected

to a mains supply.

■ To properly de-energize the Uninterruptible Power Source in an emergency, move the I/O

switch to the O (off ) position and disconnect the power cord from the mains.

■ Avoid installing the Uninterruptible Power Source in locations where there is water or ex-

cessive humidity.

■ Do not allow water or any foreign object to get inside the Uninterruptible Power Source.

Do not put objects containing liquid on or near the unit.

■ To reduce the risk of overheating the Uninterruptible Power Source, avoid exposing the unit

to the direct rays of the sun. Avoid installing the unit near heat emitting appliances such as
a room heater or stove.

■ The Protective Earth conductor of this UPS carries the Leakage Current from the load de-

vices (computer equipment). This UPS generates approximately 0.75 mA of leakage cur­rent. To ensure a safe limit of 3.5 mA, the total leakage current of the load devices should
be limited to 2.75 mA. If you are unsure of the leakage current from the load devices, en­sure that this product is plugged into a 3-wire receptacle that has a reliable (low impedance)
Protective Earth connection to provide a safe path for the leakage current, and replace the
powercord to the UPS with one that has a locking type plug (IEC 309) rated a minimum of
10 A. This powercord may require the services of a professional electrician for the installa­tion of the matching wall receptacle.

Page 4

2.0 Sécurité !

Françias

Attention!

■ Pour réduire le risque d’électrocution, débranchez la prise principale de la source

d’alimentation permanente (Uninterruptible Power Source), avant d’installer le câble
d’interface allant à l’ordinateur (si utilisé). Ne rebranchez le bloc d’alimentation qu’après
avoir effectué toutes les connections.

■ Branchez la source d’alimentation permanente (UPS) dans une prise de courant à 3

dérivations (deux pôles et la terre). Cette prise doit être munie d’une protection adéquate
(fusible ou coupe-circuit). Le branchement dans tout autre genre de prise pourrait
entraîner un risque d’électrocution et peut constituer une infraction à la réglementation lo­cale concernant les installations électriques.

■ Cette source d’alimentation permanente (UPS) est munie d’une source d’énergie interne

(accumulateur) qui ne peut pas être désactivée par l’utilisateur. La prise de sortie peut donc
être sous tension même lorsque l’appareil n’est pas branché.

■ En cas d’urgence, pour désactiver correctement la source d’alimentation permanente

(UPS), poussez l’interrupteur sur la position O (Off ) et débranchez le cordon
d’alimentation principal.

■ Ne pas installer la source d’alimentation permanente (UPS) dans un endroit où il y a de

l’eau ou une humidité excessive.

■ Ne pas laisser de l’eau ou tout objet pénétrer dans la source d’alimentation permanente

(UPS). Ne pas placer de récipients contenant un liquide sur cet appareil, ni à proximité de
celui-ci.

■ Pour éviter une surchauffe de la source d’alimentation permanente (UPS), conservez-la à

l’abri du soleil. Ne pas installer à proximité d’appareils dégageant de la chaleur tels que
radiateurs ou appareils de chauffage.

■ Le conducteur de terre de protection de cette UPS (Alimentation ininterrompue en cou-

rant) achemine le courant de fuite provenant des dispositifs de charge (équipement
d’ordinateur). Cette UPS crée environ 0,75 mA de courant de fuite. Pour garantir une
limite de sécurité de 3,5 mA, le courant total de fuite des dispositifs de charge doit être
limité à 2,75 mA. Si vous n’êtes pas sûr du courant de fuite provenant des dispositifs de
charge, assurez que ce produit soit enfiché dans une prise à 3 fils ayant une connexion de
terre de protection fiable (à basse impédance) procurant un chemin sûr au courant de fuite,
et remplacez le cordon secteur allant à l’UPS par un qui ait une fiche du type à verrouillage
(IEC 309) et à valeur nominale de 10 A. Ce cordon secteur peut exiger les services d’un
électricien professionnel pour l’installation de la prise murale correspondante.

Page 5

2.0 Sicherheit !

Deutsch

Vorsicht!

■ Um die Gefahr eines elektrischen Schlages auf ein Minimum zu reduzieren, die

unterbrechungsfreie Stromversorgung vom Stromnetz trennen, bevor ggf. ein Computer­Schnittstellensignalkabel angeschlossen wird. Das Netzkabel erst nach Herstellung aller
Signalverbindungen wieder einstecken.

■ Die unterbrechungsfreie Stromversorgung an eine geerdete zweipolige Dreiphasen-

Netzsteckdose anschließen. Die Steckdose muß mit einem geeigneten Abzweigschutz
(Sicherung oder Leistungsschalter) verbunden sein. Der Anschluß der unterbrechungsfreien
Stromversorgung an einen anderen Steckdosentyp kann zu Stromschlägen führen und
gegen die örtlichen Vorschriften verstoßen.

■ Diese unterbrechungsfreie Stromversorgung besitzt eine interne Energiequelle (Batterie),

die vom Benutzer nicht abgeschaltet werden kann. Der Ausgang kann eingeschaltet werden,

wenn das Gerät nicht an das Stromnetz angeschlossen ist.

■ Um die unterbrechungsfreie Stromversorgung im Notfall ordnungsgemäß abzuschalten,

den I/O-Schalter an der Rückseite auf O (Aus) stellen und das Netzkabel aus der Steckdose
ziehen.

■ Die unterbrechungsfreie Stromversorgung nicht an einem Ort aufstellen, an dem sie mit

Wasser oder übermäßig hoher Luftfeuchtigkeit in Berührung kommen könnte.

■ Darauf achten, daß weder Wasser noch Fremdkörper in das Innere der

unterbrechungsfreien Stromversorgung eindringen. Keine Objekte, die Flüssigkeit
enthalten, auf oder neben die unterbrechungsfreie Stromversorgung stellen.

■ Um ein Überhitzen der unterbrechungsfreien Stromversorgung zu verhindern, das Gerät

vor direkter Sonneneinstrahlung fernhalten und nicht in der Nähe von
wärmeabstrahlenden Haushaltsgeräten (z.B. Heizgerät oder Herd) aufstellen.

■ Der Erdableitstrom des Verbrauchers (Computer) fließt über den Schutzleiter des UPS-

Netzgerätes ab Das UPS-Netzgerät selbst erzeugt einen Erdableitstrom von ca 0,75 mA. Um
den Sicherheitsgrenzwert von 3,5 mA nicht zu überschreiten, sollte der Erdableitstrom
sämtlicher Verbraucher auf 2,75 mA begrenzt sein. Wenn Ihnen die Höhe des
Ableitstromes von den Verbrauchern nicht bekannt ist, dann sorgen Sie dafür, daß dieses
Gerät an eine Steckdose mit Schutzkontakt angesschlossen wird, der eine zuverlässge
(geringe Impedanz) Schutzleiterverbindung hat, um einen sicheren Strompfad für den
Erdableitstrom zu gewährleisten. Ersetzen Sie zudem die Netzanschlußleitung des UPS­Netzgerätes durch eine Netzanschlußleitung mit einer verriegelbaren, industriellen
Steckvorrichtung (nach IEC 309), die für mindestens 10 Ampere ausgelegt ist. Eine
derartige Netzanschlußleitung erfordert eventuell die Installation einer entsprechenden
Netzsteckdose in der Wand durch einen Elektriker.

Page 6

2.0 ¡ Seguridad !

Español

¡Atencion!

n Para reducir el riesgo de descarga eléctrica, desconecte de la red la Fuente de energía

ininterrumpible antes de instalar el cable de señalización de interfaz de la computadora (si
se usa). Vuelva a conectar el conductor flexible de alimentación solamente una vez
efectuadas todas las interconexiones de señalización.

n Conecte la Fuente de energía ininterrumpible a un tomacorriente bipolar y trifilar con

neutro de puesta a tierra. El tomacorriente debe estar conectado a la protección de
derivación apropiada (ya sea un fusible o un disyuntor). La conexión a cualquier otro tipo
de tomacorriente puede constituir peligro de descarga eléctrica y violar los códigos
eléctricos locales.

n Esta Fuente de energía ininterrumpible tiene una fuente de energía interna (la batería) que

no puede ser desactivada por el usuario. La salida puede tener corriente aun cuando la
unidad no se encuentre conectada al suministro de red.

n Para desactivar correctamente la Fuente de energía ininterrumpible en una situación de

emergencia, coloque el interruptor I/O en la posición O (Off -desconectado) y desconecte
de la red el conductor flexible de alimentación.

n No instale la Fuente de energía ininterrumpible en lugares donde haya agua o humedad

excesiva.

n No deje que en la Fuente de energía ininterrumpible entre agua ni ningún objeto extraño.

No ponga objetos con líquidos encima de la unidad ni cerca de ella.

n Para reducir el riesgo de sobrecalentamiento, no exponga la unidad a los rayos directos del

sol ni la instale cerca de artefactos que emiten calor, como estufas o cocinas.

n El conductor de protección a tierra conduce las corrientes de fuga de esta fuente

ininterrumpible de potencia (UPS) generadas en los componentes de carga (equipos de
computadora). La fuente ininterrumpible de potencia genera aproximadamente 0,75 mA
de corriente de fuga. Para garantizar un límite de seguridad de 3,5 mA, el total de la
corriente de fuga de los componentes de carga deberá limitarse a 2,75 mA. Si usted no está
seguro del total de las corrientes de fuga de los componentes, asegúrese de que este
producto esté conectado a un receptáculo de tres conductores que tenga una conexión de
protección a tierra que sea confiable (impedancia baja) para proveer un camino seguro para
la corriente de fuga. También asegúrese de reemplazar el cable que va a la fuente
ininterrumpible de potencia con uno que tenga un enchufe con dispositivo de cierre (IEC

309) con capacidad para un mínimo de 10A. Este cable pudiera requerir los servicios de un
eletricista profesional para la instalación del receptáculo en la pared.

Page 7

3.0 Installation

3.1 Receiving inspection

Once the UPS has been removed from its shipping container, it should be inspected for
damage that may have occurred while in transit. Immediately notify the carrier and place
of purchase if any damage is found. Two output jumper cords are provided with the UPS.
The packing materials are recyclable. Save for reuse or disposed of them properly.

3.2 Placement

The UPS may be installed in any protected environment. The location should provide
adequate air flow around the unit, in an atmosphere free from excessive dust, corrosive
fumes or conductive contaminants. Do not operate the UPS in an environment where the
ambient temperature or humidity is outside the limits given in the Specifications section
of this manual.

3.3 Load types

The UPS is designed to power all modern computer loads and associated peripheral
devices such as monitors, modems, cartridge tape drives, external floppy drives, etc. The
UPS is not rated to power life support equipment (as described on the rear cover of this
manual).
Caution: The output waveform of this UPS is a sine wave approximation suitable for use
with modern computer power supplies. Other load types may malfunction. In particular,

Page 8

ferroresonant type regulating transformers are not recommended. Use of a surge
suppressor connected to the output of this UPS may unnecessarily load the UPS when on­battery. This UPS contains high performance surge suppression - additional suppression
components are not required and are not recommended. If in doubt, please consult the
equipment manufacturer or the factory.

3.4 Connecting to the Utility

The UPS is furnished with two 1.8 meter output power cords for connection to computer
equipment having “IEC 320” male appliance couplers at their input. However, due to the
variety of plug connectors required for connection to electrical service in countries where
the UPS may be operated, an input line cord is not supplied from the factory. In most cases
this will not be a problem as the input cord which currently powers your computer
equipment may be swapped with one of the supplied output cords. Hence, the swapped
out line cord can be used instead as the input line cord for the UPS. If this is not the case,
ask your local dealer or the factory about obtaining an input line cord for your application.
Extra output power cords are also available from the factory.

The UPS is compatible with all 220, 230 and 240 Vac mains voltages. During a mains
failure, the UPS powers your load at a nominal voltage of 225 Vac.

3.5 Battery charging

The UPS is shipped from the factory with its internal battery in a fully charged state.
However, the battery may lose some charge during shipping and storage. The battery

Page 9

should be recharged before conducting the following Test for proper operation (section

3.7) and to ensure that the UPS will provide expected run time. The UPS may be used
immediately upon receipt, but may not provide expected run time in the event of a utility
failure. The battery will recharge to full capacity within 6 hours when the UPS is plugged
in and switched on. Once the battery has obtained a full charge, the UPS will maintain the

charge as long as the UPS is plugged in, regardless of the position of the power I/0 switch.

3.6 Connecting Your Equipment to the UPS

To ensure that your computer equipment will be protected during a utility failure and that
you receive expected run time, it is important that you determine the total power needs
of the equipment you wish to protect with the UPS. The power requirements of your
equipment should be less than or equal to the capacity of the UPS. The capacity rating of
the UPS, in both Volt-Amperes (VA) and Watts (W), is given in the Specifications section
of this manual.

The power demands of your equipment can be read from the Run Time Verses Load
(section 9.0) chart or may be deduced from the equipment name plates. The Run Time
Versus Load chart gives equipment power requirements (load) in VA for computer
systems common in the office environment today. If your equipment is not listed in the
chart, the following instructions will help you to determine their power needs.

3.6.1 Computer equipment manufacturers must provide a load rating for their products.
Usually, the rating is written on a name plate or label near the line cord. The rating may
be given in units of Amps (A or Amax), Volt-Amperes (VA) or Watts (W). Jot down the
load rating of all the equipment you wish to protect.

3.6.2 All noted load ratings should be converted to Volt-Amperes (VA) so that all
equipment power requirements can be added using the same units of measure.

3.6.3 If load ratings are given in Watts (W), convert to an estimate of power requirements
in VA by multiplying the value in Watts by 1.4.

3.6.4 If load ratings are given in Amps (A or Amax), convert to an estimate of power
requirements in VA by multiplying the value in Amps by 230. Unfortunately, many
computer manufacturers overrate the power requirements of their equipment in order to
be conservative and to cover the extra power demand of user added expansion boards. If
the VA requirement that you have computed seems high or is already greater than the

Page 10