The design of models BT-80 and 100 comply with the latest version
of ANSI Z21.10.3-CSA 4.3 as automatic storage or automatic
circulating tank type water heaters.
local area where the installation is to be made. These shall be
carefully followed in all cases. Authorities having jurisdiction
should be consulted before installations are made.
Installation diagrams are found in this manual. These diagrams
will serve to provide the installer with a reference for the materials
and method of piping necessary. It is highly essential that all
water and gas piping be installed as shown on the diagrams.
In addition to these instructions, the equipment shall be installed
in accordance with those installation regulations in force in the
The installation must conform to these instructions and the local
code authority having jurisdiction. In the absence of local codes,
the installation must comply with the latest editions of the National
Fuel Gas Code, ANSI Z223.1/NFP A 54. This publication is available
from the Canadian Standards Association, 8501 East Pleasant
Valley Road, Cleveland, OH 44131, or the National Fire Protection
Association, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02269.
DO NOT USE THIS APPLIANCE IF ANY P ART HAS BEEN UNDER
WATER. Immediately call a qualified service technician to inspect
the appliance and to replace any part of the control system and any
gas control which has been under water.
IF THE UNIT IS EXPOSED TO THE FOLLOWING, DO NOT
OPERA TE HEA TER UNTIL ALL CORRECTIVE STEPS HA VE BEEN
MADE BY A QUALIFIED SERVICEMAN.
1. EXTERNAL FIRE.
2. DAMAGE.
3. FIRING WITHOUT WA TER.
4. SOOTING
CHEMICAL VAPOR CORROSION
WARNING
CORROSION OF THE FLUEWA YS AND VENT SYSTEM MAY OCCUR
IF AIR FOR COMBUSTION CONT AINS CERTAIN CHEMICAL VAPORS.
SUCH CORROSION MAY RESULT IN FAILURE AND RISK OF
ASPHYXIATION.
Spray can propellants, cleaning solvents, refrigerator and air
conditioning refrigerants, swimming pool chemicals, calcium and
sodium chloride (water softener salt), waxes, and process
chemicals are typical compounds which are potentially corrosive.
Do not store products of this sort near the heater. Also, air which is
brought in contact with the heater should not contain any of these
chemicals. If necessary, uncontaminated air should be obtained
from remote or outside sources. The limited warranty is voided
when failure of water heater is due to a corrosive atmosphere.
(Refer to the limited warranty for complete terms and conditions.)
IMPROPER COMBUSTION
WARNING
ATTIC AND/OR EXHAUST F ANS OPERA TING ON THE PREMISES
WITH A WA TER HEA TER CAN RESUL T IN CARBON MONOXIDE
POISONING AND DEATH.
OPERA TION OF THESE FANS CAN PRODUCE A NEGA TIVE DRAFT
IN THE AREA OF THE WATER HEATER PREVENTING THE
PRODUCTS OF COMBUSTION FROM EXHAUSTING THROUGH
THE CHIMNEY OR VENT PIPE.
The venting of the water heater should be inspected by a qualified
service technician at the time of installation and periodically
thereafter to ensure a down-draft condition does not exist.
DO NOT OBSTRUCT THE FLOW OF COMBUSTION AND
VENTILATING AIR. ADEQUATE AIR FOR COMBUSTION AND
VENTILATION MUST BE PROVIDED FOR SAFE OPERA TION.
LIQUID PETROLEUM MODELS
Water heaters for propane or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) are
different from natural gas models. A natural gas heater will not
function safely on LP gas and no attempt should be made to
convert a heater from natural gas to LP gas.
LP gas must be used with great caution. It is highly explosive
and heavier than air. It collect s first in the low areas making its
odor difficult to detect at nose level. If LP gas is present or even
suspected, do not attempt to find the cause yourself. Go to a
neighbor's house, leaving your doors open to ventilate the house,
then call your gas supplier or service agent. Keep area clear
until a service call has been made.
At times you may not be able to smell an LP gas leak. One cause
is odor fade, which is a loss of the chemical odorant that gives
LP gas its distinctive smell. Another cause can be your physical
condition, such as having a cold or diminishing sense of smell
with age. For these reasons, the use of a propane gas detector
is recommended.
3
IF YOU EXPERIENCE AN OUT -OF-GAS SITUATION, DO NOT TR Y TO
RELIGHT APPLIANCES YOURSELF, ask your LP delivery person to
relight pilots for you. Only trained LP professionals should conduct
the required safety checks in accordance with industry standards.
INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS
REQUIRED ABILITY
EXTENDED NON-USE PERIODS
WARNING
HYDROGEN GAS CAN BE PRODUCED IN A HOT W A TER SYSTEM
SERVED BY THIS HEA TER THA T HAS NOT BEEN USED FOR A LONG
PERIOD OF TIME (GENERALLY TWO WEEKS OR MORE).
HYDROGEN GAS IS EXTREMEL Y FLAMMABLE. T o reduce the risk
of injury under these conditions, it is recommended that the hot
water faucet be opened for several minutes at the kitchen sink
before using any electrical appliance connected to the hot water
system. If hydrogen is present, there will probably be an unusual
sound such as air escaping through the pipe as the water begins
to flow. THERE SHOULD BE NO SMOKING OR OPEN FLAME NEAR
THE FAUCET AT THE TIME IT IS OPEN.
INSULATION BLANKETS
Insulation blankets available to the general public for external use
on gas water heaters are not approved for use on your A.O. Smith
water heater. The purpose of an insulation blanket is to reduce
the standby heat loss encountered with storage tank water
heaters. Your A.O. Smith water heater meets or exceeds the
ASHRAE/IES 90.1b-1999 standards with respect to insulation and
standby loss requirement making an insulation blanket
unnecessary.
WARNING
Should you choose to apply an insulation blanket to this heater,
you should follow these instructions. Failure to follow these
instructions can result in fire, asphyxiation , serious personal
injury or death.
Do not apply insulation to the top of the water heater, as this
•
will interfere with safe operation of the draft hood.
• Do not cover the outer door, thermostat or temperature &
pressure relief valve.
• Do not allow insulation to come within 2" (5cm) of the floor to
prevent blockage of combustion air flow to the burner.
• Do not cover the instruction manual. Keep it on the side of
the water heater or nearby for future reference.
• Do obtain new warning and instruction labels from A.O. Smith
for placement on the blanket directly over the existing labels.
• Do inspect the insulation blanket frequently to make certain
it does not sag, thereby obstructing combustion air flow.
CIRCULATING PUMP
A circulating pump is used when a system requires a circulating
loop or there is a storage tank used in conjunction with the heater.
Install the system in accordance with the latest version of the
National Electric Code ANSI/NFPA No. 70.
Only all bronze circulators are used with commercial water heaters.
Although circulators are oiled and operated by the manufacturer
some circulators must be oiled again before operating. Please
refer to manufacturer’s instructions.
INSTALLA TION OR SERVICE OF THIS W A TER HEATER REQUIRES
ABILITY EQUIVALENT TO THA T OF A LICENSED TRADESMAN IN
THE FIELD INVOL VED. PLUMBING , AIR SUPPL Y, VENTING AND
GAS SUPPLY WORK ARE REQUIRED.
GENERAL
The heater is designed to operate on natural or propane gases.
HOWEVER, MAKE SURE the gas on which the heater will operate
is the same as that specified on the heater model and rating plate.
LOCATING THE HEATER
When installing the heater, consideration must be given to proper
location. Location selected should be as close to the stack or
chimney as practicable, with adequate air supply and as
centralized with the piping system as possible.
WARNING
THERE IS A RISK IN USING FUEL BURNING APPLIANCES SUCH AS
GAS WA TER HEA TERS IN ROOMS, GARAGES OR OTHER AREAS
WHERE GASOLINE, OTHER FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS OR ENGINE
DRIVEN EQUIPMENT OR VEHICLES ARE STORED, OPERA TED OR
REPAIRED. FLAMMABLE VAPORS ARE HEAVY AND TRAVEL
ALONG THE FLOOR AND MA Y BE IGNITED BY THE HEA TER’S PILOT
OR MAIN BURNER FLAMES CAUSING FIRE OR EXPLOSION. SOME
LOCAL CODES PERMIT OPERA TION OF GAS APPLIANCES IF
INSTALLED 18" (46CM) OR MORE ABOVE THE FLOOR. THIS MA Y
REDUCE THE RISK IF LOCATION IN SUCH AN AREA CANNOT BE
AVOIDED.
DO NOT INSTALL THIS WATER HEATER DIRECTLY ON A
CARPETED FLOOR. A FIRE HAZARD MAY RESULT.
water heater must be placed on a metal or wood panel extending
beyond the full width and depth by at least 3" (76.2mm) in any
direction. If the heater is installed in a carpeted alcove or closet,
the entire floor shall be covered by the panel. Also, see the drain
requirements.
THIS HEATER SHALL BE LOCATED OR PROTECTED SO IT IS
NOT SUBJECT TO PHYSICAL DAMAGE BY A MOVING VEHICLE.
WARNING
FLAMMABLE ITEMS, PRESSURIZED CONTAINERS OR ANY
OTHER POTENTIAL FIRE HAZARDOUS ARTICLES MUST NEVER
BE PLACED ON OR ADJACENT TO THE HEATER. OPEN
CONTAINERS OF FLAMMABLE MATERIAL SHOULD NOT BE
STORED OR USED IN THE SAME ROOM WITH THE HEATER.
THE HEATER MUST NOT BE LOCATED IN AN AREA WHERE IT
WILL BE SUBJECT TO FREEZING.
THE HEATER SHOULD BE LOCATED IN AN AREA WHERE
LEAKAGE FROM THE HEATER OR CONNECTIONS WILL NOT
RESULT IN DAMAGE TO THE ADJACENT AREA OR TO LOWER
FLOORS OF THE STRUCTURE.
WHEN SUCH LOCATIONS CANNOT BE AVOIDED, A SUITABLE
DRAIN PAN SHOULD BE INSTALLED UNDER THE HEATER.
Such pans should be fabricated with sides at least 2" (5cm) deep,
with length and width at least 2" (5cm) greater than the diameter of
the heater and must be piped to an adequate drain. The pan must
not restrict combustion air flow.
Instead the
4
Drain pans suitable for these heaters are available from your
distributor or A. O. Smith Water Products Company, 5621 West
115th Street, Alsip, IL 60803.
Water heater life depends upon water quality, water pressure and
the environment in which the water heater is installed. Water heaters are sometimes installed in locations where leakage may result in property damage, even with the use of a drain pan piped to
a drain. However, unanticipated damage can be reduced or prevented by a leak detector or water shutoff device used in conjunction with a piped drain pan. These devices are available from
some plumbing supply wholesalers and retailers, and detect and
react to leakage in various ways:
• Sensors mounted in the drain pan that trigger an alarm or turn
off the incoming water to the water heater when leakage is
detected.
• Sensors mounted in the drain pan that turn off the water supply
to the entire home when water is detected in the drain pan.
• Water supply shutoff devices that activate based on the water
pressure differential between the cold water and hot water pipes
connected to the water heater.
• Devices that will turn off the gas supply to a gas water heater
while at the same time shutting off its water supply.
For appliance installation locations with elevations above 2000'
(610m), refer to HIGH ALTITUDE INSTALLATIONS section of this
manual for input reduction procedure.
HIGH AL TITUDE INSTALLATIONS
state the model number and the altitude of the location where the
water heater is being installed.
Upon completion of derating of the heater, adjustment to the gas
pressure regulator may be required. See CHECKING THE INPUT
section in this manual for inlet and manifold pressure
requirements.
Also due to the input rating reduction required at high altitudes, the
recovery rating of the appliance is also reduced and should be
compensated for in the sizing of the equipment for application.
CLEARANCES
These heaters are approved for installation on combustible flooring
in a closet having a ceiling 12" (30.5cm) above top cover and with
clearances to combustible construction of 6" (15.2cm) from flue or
vent connector, 0" (0cm) at the sides and rear and 4" (10.1cm) to
front to prevent a possible fire hazard condition. A minimum of 4"
(10.1cm) shall be allowed for installation of serviceable parts.
HARD WATER
Where hard water conditions exist, water softening or the threshold
type of water treatment is recommended. This will protect the
dishwashers, coffee urns, water heaters, water piping and other
equipment.
See PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE section for details of tank
cleanout procedure.
WARNING
INSTALLA TIONS ABOVE 2000' (610m) REQUIRE REPLACEMENT
OF THE BURNER ORIFICE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 8.1.2
OF THE NATIONAL FUEL GAS CODE (ANSI Z223.1). F AILURE TO
REPLACE THE ORIFICE WILL RESULT IN IMPROPER AND
INEFFICIENT OPERATION OF THE APPLIANCE RESUL TING IN
THE PRODUCTION OF INCREASED LEVELS OF CARBON
MONOXIDE GAS IN EXCESS OF SAFE LIMITS WHICH COULD
RESUL T IN SERIOUS PERSONAL INJURY OR DEATH.
You should contact your gas supplier for any specific changes
which may be required in your area.
As elevation above sea level is increased, there is less oxygen per
cubic foot of air. Therefore, the heater input rate should be reduced
at high altitudes for satisfactory operation with the reduced oxygen
supply. Failure to make this reduction would result in an overfiring
of the heater causing sooting, poor combustion and/or
unsatisfactory heater performance.
Ratings specified by manufacturers for most appliances apply for
elevations up to 2000 feet (610m). For elevations above 2000 feet
(610m), ratings must be reduced at the rate of 4% for each 1000
feet (305m) above sea level. For example, if a heater is rated at
75,100 Btu/Hr (22.0 kW) at sea level, to rate the heater at 4000 feet
(1219m), you subtract 4 (once for each thousand feet) x 0.04 (4%
input reduction) x 75,100 Btu/Hr (original rating) from the original
rating. Therefore, to calculate the input rating at 4000 feet (1219m):
4 x 0.04 x 75,100 Btu/Hr = 12,016 Btu/Hr (3.5 kW); 75,100 Btu/Hr
(22.0 kW) - 12,016 Btu/Hr (3.5 kW) = 63,084 Btu/Hr (18.5 kW). At
6000 feet (1829m) the correct input rating should be 57,076 Btu/Hr
(16.7 kW).
The input reduction is primarily achieved by reducing the size of
the main burner orifices. To do this, the main burner orifices require
replacement with orifices sized for the particular installation
elevation. Correct orifice sizing and parts may be obtained from
A.O. Smith Water Products Company. When ordering, be sure to
AIR REQUIREMENTS
REFER TO THE LA TEST EDITION OF THE NA TIONAL FUEL GAS
CODE ANSI Z223.1/NFP A 54.
KEEP APPLIANCE AREA CLEAR AND FREE OF COMBUSTIBLE
MATERIALS, GASOLINE AND OTHER FLAMMABLES, VAPORS AND
LIQUIDS.
DO NOT OBSTRUCT THE FLOW OF COMBUSTION OR VENTILATING
AIR.
WARNING
FOR SAFE OPERATION PROVIDE ADEQUATE AIR FOR
COMBUSTION AND VENTILA TION. AN INSUFFICIENT SUPPL Y OF
AIR WILL CAUSE RECIRCULA TION OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS
RESULTING IN AIR CONTAMINA TION THA T MA Y BE HAZARDOUS
TO LIFE. SUCH A CONDITION OFTEN WILL RESUL T IN A YELLOW ,
LUMINOUS BURNER FLAME, CAUSING CARBONING OR SOOTING
OF THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER, BURNERS AND FLUE TUBES
AND CREA TES A RISK OF ASPHYXIATION.
Where an exhaust fan is supplied in the same room with a heater,
sufficient openings for air must be provided in the walls.
UNDERSIZED OPENINGS WILL CAUSE AIR T O BE DRAWN INTO
THE ROOM THROUGH THE CHIMNEY, CAUSING POOR
COMBUSTION. SOOTING MA Y RESUL T IN SERIOUS DAMAGE TO
THE HEA TER AND RISK OF FIRE OR EXPLOSION.
UNCONFINED SPACE
In buildings of conventional frame, brick, or stone construction,
unconfined spaces may provide adequate air for combustion,
ventilation and draft hood dilution.
If the unconfined space is within a building of tight construction
(buildings using the following construction: weather stripping, heavy
insulation, caulking, vapor barrier, etc.), air for combustion,
ventilation and draft hood dilution must be obtained from outdoors.
5
The installation instructions for confined spaces in tightly
constructed buildings must be followed to ensure adequate air
supply.
CONFINED SPACE
When drawing combustion and dilution air from inside a
conventionally constructed building to a confined space, such a
space shall be provided with two permanent openings, ONE IN
OR WITHIN 12 " (305mm) OF THE ENCLOSURE TOP AND ONE
IN OR WITHIN 12" (305mm) OF THE ENCLOSURE BOTTOM. Each
opening shall have a free area of at least one square inch per
1000 Btu/Hr (2203mm
2
/kW) of the total input of all appliances in
the enclosure, but not less than 100 square inches (645cm2).
If the confined space is within a building of tight construction, air for
combustion, ventilation, and draft hood dilution must be obtained
from outdoors. When directly communicating with the outdoors or
communicating with the outdoors through vertical ducts, two
permanent openings, located in the above manner, shall be
provided. Each opening shall have a free area of not less than one
2
square inch per 4000 Btu/Hr (551mm
/kW) of the total input of all
appliances in the enclosure. If horizontal ducts are used, each
opening shall have a free area of not less than one square inch
2
per 2000 Btu/Hr (1102mm
/kW) of the total input of all appliances
in the enclosure.
WATER (POTABLE) HEATING AND SPACE
HEATING
1. All piping components connected to this unit for space heating
applications shall be suitable for use with potable water.
2. Toxic chemicals, such as those used for boiler treatment, shall
NEVER be introduced into this system.
3. This unit may NEVER be connected to any existing heating
system or component(s) previously used with a non-potable
water heating appliance.
4. When the system requires water for space heating at
temperatures higher than required for domestic water
purposes, a tempering valve must be installed, see Figure 4.
CAUTION
A closed system will exist if a check valve (without bypass),
pressure reducing valve (without bypass), or a water meter
(without bypass) is installed in the cold water line between the
water heater and street main (or well).
Excessive pressure may develop in such closed systems,
causing premature tank failure or intermittent relief valve
operation.
a similar device is required in the inlet supply line between the
appliance and the meter or valve to compensate for the thermal
expansion of the water .
This is not a warranty failure. An expansion tank or
Heater must be protected from freezing downdrafts.
Remove all soot or other obstructions from the chimney that will
retard a free draft.
Type B venting is recommended with these heaters.
This water heater must be vented in compliance with all local
codes, the current edition of the National Fuel Gas Code
ANSI-Z223.1 and with the Category I Venting Tables.
If any part of the vent system is exposed to ambient temperatures
below 35° F (2° C) it must be insulated to prevent condensation.
• Do not connect the heater to a common vent or chimney with
any oil-fired or solid fuel burning equipment. This practice is
prohibited by many local building codes as is the practice of
venting gas fired equipment to the duct work of ventilation
systems.
FIGURE 2.
DRAFT HOOD
The draft hood furnished with this heater must be installed without
alteration. Provision must be made if it is installed in confined
space or a small room to accommodate draft hood spillage and
avoid risks described in previous steps. The upper air opening
called for in the AIR REQUIREMENTS section of this manual is for
this purpose.
Locate the 3 brackets and 6 screws in the installation instruction
bag. Secure each bracket to the draft hood leg with the screws
furnished. Place the draft hood on the water heater so that legs of
the draft hood fit into the slots on the jacket top, see Figure 3. Once
the draft hood (with brackets attached) is in place, drill a small pilot
hole through bracket hole into the jacket top. WARNING, DO NOTPENETRATE THE JACKET T OP BY MORE THAN 1/4". Secure the
brackets to the jacket top with the screws furnished, see Figure 3.
SYSTEM CONNECTIONS
The system installation must conform to these instructions and to
the local code authority having jurisdiction. Good practice requires
that all heavy piping be supported.
VENTING
WARNING
THE INSTRUCTIONS IN THIS SECTION ON VENTING MUST
BE FOLLOWED TO AVOID CHOKED COMBUSTION OR
RECIRCULA TION OF FLUE GASES. SUCH CONDITIONS CAUSE
SOOTING OR RISKS OF FIRE AND ASPHYXIA TION.
FIGURE 3.
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