I/Q modulator with integrated fractional-N PLL and VCO
Gain control span: 47 dB in 1 dB steps
Output frequency range: 950 MHz to 1575 MHz
Output 1 dB compression: 8.5 dBm
Output IP3: 23 dBm
Noise floor: −162 dBm/Hz
Baseband modulation bandwidth: 250 MHz (1 dB)
Output frequency resolution: 1 Hz
Functions with external VCO for extended frequency range
SPI and I
Power supply: 5 V/310 mA
2
C-compatible serial interfaces
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The ADRF6750 is a highly integrated quadrature modulator,
frequency synthesizer, and programmable attenuator. The
device covers an operating frequency range from 950 MHz
to 1575 MHz for use in satellite, cellular and broadband
communications.
The ADRF6750 modulator includes a high modulus fractional-N
frequency synthesizer with integrated VCO, providing better
than 1 Hz frequency resolution, and a 47 dB digitally controlled
output attenuator with 1 dB steps.
Control of all the on-chip registers is through a user-selected
SPI interface or I
power supply ranging from 4.75 V to 5.25 V.
2
C interface. The device operates from a single
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
CC1VCC2VCC3VCC4
REGOUT
VREG1
VREG2
VREG3
VREG4
VREG5
VREG6
LOMONP
LOMONN
RFOUT
TXDIS
REFIN
REFIN
SDI/SDA
CLK/SCL
SDO
CS
3.3V
REGULATOR
47dB
GAIN CONTROL
RANGE
×2
DOUBLER
SPI/
2
I
C
INTERFACE
ADRF6750
0°/90°
5-BIT
DIVIDER
THIRD-ORDER
FRACTIONAL
INTERPOLATOR
FRACTIONAL
REGISTER
OUTPUT
STAGE
÷2
MODULUS
25
2
VCO
CORE
+
FREQUENCY
DETECTOR
–
N-COUNTER
INTEGER
REGISTER
PHASE
REFERENCE
CHARGE
PUMP
CURRENT SETTING
RFCP4 RFCP3 RFCP2 RFCP1
IBBP
IBBN
CCOMP1
CCOMP2
CCOMP3
VTUNE
TESTLO
TESTLO
QBBP
QBBN
RSET
CP
LF3
LF2
LDET
AGNDDGND
08201-001
Figure 1.
Rev. A
Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no
responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other
rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No
license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices.
Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
Changes to Table 5 ............................................................................ 9
Changes to LOMON Outputs Section ......................................... 33
Changes to Ordering Guide .......................................................... 39
1/10—Revision 0: Initial Version
Rev. A | Page 2 of 40
ADRF6750
SPECIFICATIONS
VCC = 5 V, TA = 25°C, I/Q inputs = 0.9 V p-p differential sine waves in quadrature on a 500 mV dc bias, baseband frequency = 1 MHz,
REFIN = 10 MHz, PFD = 20 MHz, loop bandwidth = 50 kHz, and LOMONx is off, unless otherwise noted.
Table 1.
Parameter Test Conditions/Comments Min Typ Max Unit
RF OUTPUT RFOUT pin
Operating Frequency Range 950 1575 MHz
Nominal Output Power VIQ = 0.9 V p-p differential −1.6 dBm
Gain Flatness Any 40 MHz ±0.5 dB
Output P1dB 8.5 dBm
Output IP3 f1BB = 3.5 MHz, f2BB = 4.5 MHz, P
Output Return Loss Attenuator setting = 0 dB −12 dB
LO Carrier Feedthrough Attenuator setting = 0 dB to 47 dB −45 dBc
2× LO Carrier Feedthrough Attenuator setting = 0 dB to 47 dB −45 dBm
Sideband Suppression −45 dBc
Noise Floor I/Q inputs = 0 V p-p differential, Attenuator setting = 0 dB −162 dBm/Hz
Attenuator setting = 0 dB to 21 dB, carrier offset = 15 MHz −147 dBc/Hz
Attenuator setting = 21 dB to 47 dB, carrier offset = 15 MHz −170 dBm/Hz
Harmonics −60 dBc
REFERENCE CHARACTERISTICS REFIN pin
Input Frequency With R/2 divider enabled 10 300 MHz
With R/2 divider disabled 10 165 MHz
Input Sensitivity AC-coupled 0.4 VREG V p-p
Input Capacitance 10 pF
Input Current ±100 µA
CHARGE PUMP
ICP Sink/Source Programmable
High Value With RSET = 4.7 kΩ 5 mA
Low Value 312.5 µA
Absolute Accuracy With RSET = 4.7 kΩ 4.0 %
RSET Value 4.7 kΩ
VCO Gain K
Output High Voltage, VOH SDO, LDET pins; IOH = 500 A 2.8 V
Output Low Voltage, VOL SDO, LDET pins; IOL = 500 A 0.4 V
SDA (SDI/SDA); IOL = 3 mA 0.4 V
POWER SUPPLIES
Voltage Range VCC1, VCC2, VCC3, and VCC4 4.75 5 5.25 V
REGOUT, VREG1, VREG2, VREG3, VREG4, VREG5, and VREG6 3.3 V
Supply Current
Operating Temperature −40 +85 °C
1
LBW = 50 kHz at LO = 1200 MHz; ICP = 2.5 mA.
2
All other attenuation steps have an absolute error of <±2.0 dB.
CS, TXDIS pins 1.4 V
INH
CS, TXDIS pins 0.6 V
INL
SDI/SDA, CLK/SCL pins 2.1 V
INH
SDI/SDA, CLK/SCL pins 1.1 V
INL
CS, TXDIS, SDI/SDA, CLK/SCL pins ±1 µA
VCC1, VCC2, VCC3, VCC4, VREG1, VREG2, VREG3, VREG4,
VREG5, VREG6, and REGOUT pins
REGOUT normally connected to VREG1, VREG2, VREG3,
VREG4, VREG5, and VREG6
VCC1, VCC2, VCC3, and VCC4 combined; REGOUT con-
310 340 mA
nected to VREG1, VREG2, VREG3, VREG4, VREG5, and VREG6
Rev. A | Page 4 of 40
ADRF6750
TIMING CHARACTERISTICS
I2C Interface Timing
Table 2.
Parameter1 Symbol Limit Unit
SCL Clock Frequency f
SCL Pulse Width High t
SCL Pulse Width Low t
Start Condition Hold Time t
Start Condition Setup Time t
Data Setup Time t
Data Hold Time t
Stop Condition Setup Time t
Data Valid Time t
Data Valid Acknowledge Time t
Bus Free Time t
1
See Figure 2.
SDA
400 kHz max
SCL
600 ns min
HIGH
1300 ns min
LOW
600 ns min
HD;STA
600 ns min
SU;STA
100 ns min
SU;DAT
300 ns min
HD;DAT
600 ns min
SU;STO
900 ns max
VD;DAT
900 ns max
VD;ACK
1300 ns min
BUF
t
t
SU;DAT
VD;DAT AND
t
VD;ACK (ACK SIGNAL ONLY)
t
BUF
SCL
t
HD;STA
t
LOW
SSSP
START
CONDITION
1/f
SCL
t
HD;DAT
t
HIGH
Figure 2. I
2
C Port Timing Diagram
t
SU;STA
t
SU;STO
STOP
CONDITION
08201-003
Rev. A | Page 5 of 40
ADRF6750
SPI Interface Timing
Table 3.
Parameter1 Symbol Limit Unit
CLK Frequency f
CLK Pulse Width High t1 15 ns min
CLK Pulse Width Low t2 15 ns min
Start Condition Hold Time t3 5 ns min
Data Setup Time t4 10 ns min
Data Hold Time t5 5 ns min
Stop Condition Setup Time t6 5 ns min
SDO Access Time t7 15 ns min
CS to SDO High Impedance t8 25 ns max
1
See Figure 3.
t
3
CS
20 MHz max
CLK
t
1
CLK
SDI
t
t
2
t
t
5
4
SDO
t
7
6
t
8
08201-004
Figure 3. SPI Port Timing Diagram
Rev. A | Page 6 of 40
ADRF6750
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Table 4.
Parameter Rating
Supply Voltage VCC1, VCC2, VCC3, and VCC4 −0.3 V to +6 V
Supply Voltage VREG1, VREG2, VREG3, VREG4,
VREG5, and VREG6
IBBP, IBBN, QBBP, and QBBN 0 V to 2.5 V
Digital I/O −0.3 V to +4 V
Analog I/O (Other Than IBBP, IBBN, QBBP,
and QBBN)
TESTLO, TESTLO Difference
θJA (Exposed Paddle Soldered Down) 26°C/W
Maximum Junction Temperature 120°C
Storage Temperature Range −65°C to +150°C
−0.3 V to +4 V
−0.3 V to +4 V
1.5 V
Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings
may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress
rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any
other conditions above those indicated in the operational
section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute
maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect
device reliability.
1. CONNECT EXPOSED PAD TO GROUND PLANE VIA
A LOW IMPEDANCE PATH.
21
17
19
20
22
23
24
25
26
27
18
D
IN
IN
AGND
AGN
AGND
REF
REF
TESTLO
28
S
C
SDO
AGND
MONP
TESTLO
LO
LOMONN
08201-005
Figure 4. Pin Configuration
Table 5. Pin Function Descriptions
Pin No. Mnemonic Description
11, 55, 56, 41, 42, 1 VCC1 to VCC4
Positive Power Supplies for I/Q Modulator. Apply a 5 V power supply to VCC1, which should be
decoupled with power supply decoupling capacitors. Connect VCC2, VCC3, and VCC4 to the same
5 V power supply.
12 REGOUT 3.3 V Output Supply. Drives VREG1, VREG2, VREG3, VREG4, VREG5, and VREG6.
13, 14, 15, 16, 31,
36
6, 19, 20, 21, 24, 37,
VREG1 to
VREG6
Positive Power Supplies for PLL Synthesizer, VCO, and Serial Port. Connect these pins to REGOUT
(3.3 V) and decouple them separately.
AGND Analog Ground. Connect to a low impedance ground plane.
39, 40, 46, 47, 49,
50, 51, 52, 53, 54
32 DGND Digital Ground. Connect to the same low impedance ground plane as the AGND pins.
2, 3 IBBP, IBBN
Differential In-Phase Baseband Inputs. These high impedance inputs must be dc-biased to approximately 500 mV dc and should be driven from a low impedance source. Nominal characterized ac
signal swing is 450 mV p-p on each pin. This results in a differential drive of 0.9 V p-p with a 500 mV
dc bias, resulting in a single sideband output power of approximately −1.6 dBm. These inputs are
not self-biased and must be externally biased.
4, 5 QBBN, QBBP
Differential Quadrature Baseband Inputs. These high impedance inputs must be dc-biased to
approximately 500 mV dc and should be driven from a low impedance source. Nominal characterized ac signal swing is 450 mV p-p on each pin. This results in a differential drive of 0.9 V p-p with
a 500 mV dc bias, resulting in a single sideband output power of approximately −1.6 dBm. These
inputs are not self-biased and must be externally biased.
33, 34, 35
CCOMP1 to
Internal Compensation Nodes. These pins must be decoupled to ground with a 100 nF capacitor.
CCOMP3
38 VTUNE
Control Input to the VCO. This voltage determines the output frequency and is derived from
filtering the CP output voltage.
7 RSET
9 CP
Charge Pump Current Set. Connecting a resistor between this pin and ground sets the maximum
charge pump output current. The relationship between I
5.23
I
CPmax
where R
=
R
SET
= 4.7 kΩ and I
SET
CP max
= 5 mA.
and R
CP
Charge Pump Output. When enabled, this output provides ±I
is as follows:
SET
to the external loop filter, which, in
CP
turn, drives the internal VCO.
Rev. A | Page 8 of 40
ADRF6750
Pin No. Mnemonic Description
27 CS
29 SDI/SDA
30 CLK/SCL
28 SDO Serial Data Output for SPI Port. Register states can be read back on the SDO data output line.
17 REFIN Reference Input. This high impedance CMOS input should be ac-coupled.
18
REFIN
48 RFOUT
45 TXDIS
25, 26
LOMONP,
LOMONN
22, 23
TESTLO,
TESTLO
10, 8 LF2, LF3 No connect pins.
44 LDET
43 MUXOUT
Exposed Paddle EP Exposed Paddle. Connect to ground plane via a low impedance path.
Chip Select, CMOS Input. When CS is high, the data stored in the shift registers is loaded into one of
31 latches. In I2C mode, when CS is high, the slave address of the device is 0x60, and when CS is low,
the slave address is 0x40.
2
Serial Data Input for SPI Port/Serial Data Input/Output for I
impedance CMOS data input, and data is loaded in an 8-bit word. In I
C Port. In SPI mode, this pin is a high
2
C mode, this pin is a bidirec-
tional port.
2
Serial Clock Input for SPI/I
C Port. This serial clock is used to clock in the serial data to the registers.
This input is a high impedance CMOS input.
Reference Input Bar. This pin should be either grounded or ac-coupled to ground.
RF Output. Single-ended, 50 Ω, internally biased RF output. This pin must be ac-coupled to the
load. Nominal output power is −1.6 dBm for a single sideband baseband drive of 0.9 V p-p differential on the I and Q inputs (attenuation = minimum).
Output Disable. This pin can be used to disable the RF output. Connect to high logic level to disable
the output. Connect to low logic level for normal operation.
Differential Monitor Outputs. These pins provide a replica of the internal local oscillator frequency
(1× LO) at four different power levels: −6 dBm, −12 dBm, −18 dBm, and −24 dBm, approximately.
These open-collector outputs must be terminated with external resistors to REGOUT. These outputs
can be disabled through serial port programming and should be tied to REGOUT if not used.
Differential Test Inputs. These inputs provide an option for an external 2× LO to drive the modulator.
This option can be selected by serial port programming. These inputs must be externally dc-biased and
should be grounded if not used.
Lock Detect. This output pin indicates the state of the PLL: a high level indicates a locked condition,
whereas a low level indicates a loss of lock condition.
Muxout. This output is a test output for diagnostic use only. It should be left unconnected by the
customer.
Rev. A | Page 9 of 40
ADRF6750
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
VCC = 5 V, TA = 25°C, I/Q inputs = 0.9 V p-p differential sine waves in quadrature on a 500 mV dc bias, REFIN = 10 MHz, PFD = 20 MHz,
baseband frequency = 1 MHz, LOMONx is off, unless otherwise noted. A nominal condition is defined as 25°C, 5.00 V, and worst-case
frequency. A worst-case condition is defined as having the worst-case temperature, supply voltage, and frequency.
2
1
0
–1
–2
–3
OUTPUT POWER (dBm)
–4
–5
950
+25°C; 5.00 V
+85°C; 4.75 V
+85°C; 5.25 V
1050
-40°C; 4.75V
-40°C; 5.25V
0°C; 4.75V
1150
LO F REQUENCY (MHz)
1250
0°C; 5.25V
+70°C; 4.75V
+70°C; 5.25V
1350
1450
1550
1575
Figure 5. Output Power vs. LO Frequency, Supply, and Temperature
40
35
30
25
20
15
OCCURRENCE (%)
10
5
0
–3.0
–3.2
–2.8
–2.6
–2.4
–2.2
–2.0
–1.8
OUTPUT PO WER (dBm)
–1.6
–1.4
–1.2
–1.0
NOMINAL
WORST CASE
–0.8
–0.6
–0.4
–0.2
Figure 6. Output Power Distribution at Nominal and