Analog Devices AD1846JP Datasheet

Low Cost Parallel-Port 16-Bit
a
FEATURES Low Cost, Pin- and Register-Compatible Alternative to
AD1848
Single-Chip Integrated ∑∆ Digital Audio Stereo Codec Supports the Microsoft Windows Sound System* Multiple Channels of Stereo Input and Output Analog and Digital Signal Mixing Programmable Gain and Attenuation On-Chip Signal Filters
Digital Interpolation and Decimation
Analog Output Low-Pass Sample Rates from 5.5 kHz to 48 kHz 68-Lead PLCC Package Operation from +5 V Supply Byte-Wide Parallel Interface to ISA and EISA Buses Supports One or Two DMA Channels and
Programmed I/O
PRODUCT OVERVIEW
The Parallel-Port AD1846 SoundPort® Stereo Codec integrates key audio data conversion and control functions into a single in­tegrated circuit. The AD1846 is intended to provide a complete, single-chip audio solution for business audio and multimedia applications requiring operation from a single +5 V supply.
*Windows Sound System is a trademark of Microsoft Corp.
SoundPort is a registered trademark of Analog Devices, Inc.
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
AD1846
It provides a direct, byte-wide interface to both ISA (“AT”) and EISA computer buses for simplified implementation on a com­puter motherboard or add-in card. The AD1846 generates en­able and direction controls for IC buffers such as the 74_245.
The AD1846 SoundPort Stereo Codec supports a DMA re­quest/grant architecture for transferring data with the host com­puter bus. One or two DMA channels can be supported. Programmed I/O (PIO) mode is also supported for control reg­ister accesses and for applications lacking DMA control. Two input control lines support mixed direct and indirect addressing of twenty-one internal control registers over this asynchronous interface.
External circuit requirements are limited to a minimal number of low cost support components. Anti-imaging DAC output filters are incorporated on-chip. DAC dynamic range exceeds 80 dB over the 20 kHz audio band. Sample rates from 5.5 kHz to 48 kHz are supported from external crystals.
The Codec includes a stereo pair of ∑∆ analog-to-digital con­verters and a stereo pair of ∑∆ digital-to-analog converters. In­puts to the ADC can be selected from four stereo pairs of analog signals: line, microphone (“mic”), auxiliary (“aux”) line #1, and post-mixed DAC output. A software-controlled programmable gain stage allows independent gain for each channel going into the ADC. The ADCs’ output can be digitally mixed with the DACs’ input.
(Continued on page 9)
ANALOG
ANALOG
L_LINE
R_LINE
L_MIC
R_MIC
L_AUX1
R_AUX1
L_OUT
R_OUT
L_AUX2
R_AUX2
SUPPLY
GAIN/ATTEN/
MUTE
L
R
GAIN/ATTEN/
MUTE
ATTEN/
MUTE
ATTEN/
MUTE
MUX
L
R
ANALOG
FILTER
ANALOG
FILTER
GAIN
GAIN
CONVERTER
CONVERTER
AD1846
∑∆ D/A
CONVERTER
∑∆ D/A
CONVERTER
REFERENCE
V
REF
∑∆ A/D
∑∆ A/D
REV. A
Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices.
DIGITAL SUPPLY
16
16
INTERPOL
INTERPOL
One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 617/329-4700 Fax: 617/326-8703
CRYSTALS
OSCILLATORS
ATTENUATE
ATTENUATE
DIGITAL
MIX
CONTROL
POWER DOWN
µ/ A
L A W
µ/ A
L A W
REGS
DIGITAL
PLAYBACK REQ
P A R A L L E L
P O R T
PLAYBACK ACK
CAPTURE REQ CAPTURE ACK
ADR1:0 DATA7:0
CS WR
RD BUS DRIVER
CONTROL HOST DMA
INTERRUPT
EXTERNAL CONTROL
AD1846–SPECIFICA TIONS
STANDARD TEST CONDITIONS UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED
DAC Output Conditions
Post-Autocalibrated Temperature 25 °C 0 dB Attenuation Digital Supply (V Analog Supply (V Word Rate (F Input Signal 1007 Hz Mute Off Analog Output Passband 20 Hz to 20 kHz ADC Input Conditions FFT Size 4096 Post-Autocalibrated V
IH
V
IL
V
OH
V
OL
ANALOG INPUT
Full Scale Input Voltage (RMS Values Assume Sine Wave Input)
Line 1 V rms Mic 1 V rms
MGE = 0 2.5 2.8 3.1 V p-p
MGE = 1 0.29 0.36 0.43 V p-p Input Impedance 100 k Input Capacitance 15 pF
) 5.0 V Full Scale (0 dB)
DD
) 5.0 V 16-Bit Linear Mode
CC
) 48 kHz No Output Load
S
2.4 V 0 dB Gain
0.8 V –1.0 dB Relative to Full Scale
2.4 V Line Input
0.4 V 16-Bit Linear Mode Inputs Driven with Low Impedance ( 50 ) Source
Min Typ Max Units
2.5 2.8 3.1 V p-p
PROGRAMMABLE GAIN AMPLIFIER—ADC
Min Typ Max Units
Step Size (0 dB to 22.5 dB) 1.0 1.5 2.0 dB
(All Steps Tested)
PGA Gain Range Span 21.0 22.5 24.0 dB
AUXILIARY INPUT ANALOG AMPLIFIERS/ATTENUATORS
Min Typ Max Units
Step Size (+12 dB to –28.5 dB, Referenced to DAC Full Scale) 1.3 1.5 1.7 dB
(–30 dB to –34.5 dB, Referenced to DAC Full Scale) 1.0 1.5 2.0 dB Auxiliary Gain/Attenuation Range Span 45.5 46.5 47.5 dB Auxiliary Input Impedance* 10 k
–2–
REV. A
DIGITAL DECIMATION AND INTERPOLATION FILTERS*
Min Max Units
AD1846
Passband 0 0.4 3 F
S
Hz Passband Ripple ±0.1 dB Transition Band 0.4 3 F Stopband 0.6 3 F
S S
0.6 3 F
S
Hz
Hz Stopband Rejection 74 dB Group Delay 30/F
S
Group Delay Variation Over Passband 0.0 µs
ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL CONVERTERS
Min Typ Max Units
Resolution 16 Bits Dynamic Range (–60 dB Input, 70 75 dB
THD+N Referenced to Full Scale, A-Weighted)
THD+N (Referenced to Full Scale) 0.02 %
–72 –70 dB Signal-to-Intermodulation Distortion 83 dB ADC Crosstalk*
Line Inputs (Input L, Ground R, Read R; –80 dB Input R, Ground L, Read L) Line to MIC (Input LINE, Ground and –80 dB Select MIC, Read Both Channels) Line to AUX1 –80 dB
Line to AUX2 –80 dB Gain Error (Full-Scale Span Relative to Nominal Input Voltage) ±10 % Interchannel Gain Mismatch ±0.5 dB
(Difference of Gain Errors) ADC Offset Error 12 mV
DIGITAL-TO-ANALOG CONVERTERS
Min Typ Max Units
Resolution 16 Bits Dynamic Range (–60 dB Input, 80 83 dB
THD+N Referenced to Full Scale, A-Weighted) THD+N (Referenced to Full Scale) 0.02 %
–73 –70 dB Signal-to-Intermodulation Distortion 86 dB Gain Error (Full-Scale Span Relative to Nominal Output Voltage) ±10 % Interchannel Gain Mismatch ±0.5 dB
(Difference of L and R Gain Errors)
DAC Crosstalk* (Input L, Zero R, Measure –80 dB
R_OUT; Input R, Zero L, Measure L_OUT)
Total Out-of-Band Energy* –50 dB
(Measured from 0.6 3 F
to 96 kHz)
S
Audible Out-of-Band Energy* –70 dB
(Measured from 0.6 3 FS to 20 kHz, Tested at 5.5 kHz)
*Guaranteed Not Tested. Specifications subject to change without notice.
REV. A
–3–
AD1846
DAC ATTENUATOR
Min Typ Max Units
Step Size (0 dB to –60 dB) 1.3 1.5 1.7 dB
(Tested at Steps 0 dB, –19.5 dB and –60 dB) Step Size (–60 dB to –94.5 dB)* 1.0 1.5 2.0 dB Output Attenuation Range Span* 93.5 94.5 95.5 dB
ANALOG OUTPUT
Min Typ Max Units
Full-Scale Output Voltage 0.707 V rms
1.8 2.0 2.2 V p-p Output Impedance* 600 External Load Impedance 10 k Output Capacitance* 15 pF External Load Capacitance 100 pF V
REF
V
Current Drive 100 µA
REF
V
Output Impedance 4 k
REF
Mute Attenuation of 0 dB –80 dB
Fundamental* (OUT)
Mute Click 5mV
(|Muted Output Minus Unmuted Midscale DAC Output|)
2.00 2.25 2.50 V
SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS
Min Typ Max Units
Peak-to-Peak Frequency Response Ripple* 1.0 dB
(Line In to Line Out) Differential Nonlinearity* ± 1 Bit Phase Linearity Deviation* 5 Degrees
STATIC DIGITAL SPECIFICATIONS
Min Max Units
High Level Input Voltage (V
Digital Inputs 2.4 (V
XTAL1/2I 2.4 (V Low Level Input Voltage (V High Level Output Voltage (V Low Level Output Voltage (V
)
IH
) –0.3 0.8 V
IL
) at IOH = –2 mA 2.4 V
OH
) at IOL = 2 mA 0.4 V
OL
) + 0.3 V
DD
) + 0.3 V
DD
Input Leakage Current –10 10 µA
(GO/NOGO Tested) Output Leakage Current –10 10 µA
(GO/NOGO Tested)
DIGITAL MIX ATTENUATOR
Min Typ Max Units
Step Size (0 dB to –94 dB)
(Tested at Steps 0 dB, –19.5 dB) 1.0 1.5 2.0 dB Output Attenuation Range Span* –93.5 95.5 dB
*Guaranteed, not tested.
–4–
REV. A
TIMING PARAMETERS (GUARANTEED OVER OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE)
Min Max Units
AD1846
WR/RD Strobe Width (t WR/RD Rising to WR/RD Falling (t
Write Data Setup to
RD Falling to Valid Read Data (t CS Setup to WR/RD Falling (t CS Hold from WR/RD Rising (t
Adr Setup to Adr Hold from
WR/RD Falling (t
WR/RD Rising (t DAK Rising to WR/RD Falling (t DAK Falling to WR/RD Rising (t DAK Setup to WR/RD Falling (t
Data Hold from Data Hold from DRQ Hold from
RD Rising (t WR Rising (t
WR/RD Falling (t DAK Hold from WR Rising (t DAK Hold from RD Rising (t DBEN/DBDIR Delay from WR/RD Falling (t
POWER SUPPLY
) 130 ns
STW
WR Rising (t
RDDV
CSSU
CSHD
ADSU
ADHD
SUDK1 SUDK2
DKSU
DHD1
DHD2
DKHDa
DKHDb
) 140 ns
BWND
)10 ns
WDSU
)2040ns
)10 ns
)0 ns
)10 ns
)10 ns
)60 ns )0 ns
)25 ns
)020ns
)15 ns
)030ns
DRHD
)10 ns )10 ns
)0 20 ns
DBDL
Min Max Units
Power Supply Range – Analog 4.75 5.25 V Power Supply Range – 5 V Digital 4.75 5.25 V Power Supply Current – 5 V Operating 120 mA
(5 V Supplies) Analog Supply Current – 5 V Operating 65 mA Digital Supply Current – 5 V Operating 55 mA Digital Power Supply Current – Power Down 0.5 mA Analog Power Supply Current – Power Down 0.5 mA Power Dissipation – 5 V Operating 600 mW
(Current
Nominal Supplies)
Power Dissipation – Power Down
(Current
Nominal Supplies) 5 mW
Power Supply Rejection (100 mV p-p Signal @ 1 kHz)* 40 dB
(At Both Analog and Digital Supply Pins, Both ADCs
and DACs)
CLOCK SPECIFICATIONS*
Min Max Units
Input Clock Frequency 27 MHz Recommended Clock Duty Cycle Tolerance ±10 % Initialization Time
16.9344 MHz Crystal Selected 70 ms
24.576 MHz Crystal Selected 90 ms
*Guaranteed, not tested. Specifications subject to change without notice.
REV. A
–5–
AD1846
WARNING!
ESD SENSITIVE DEVICE
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS*
ORDERING GUIDE
Min Max Units
Power Supplies
Digital (V Analog (V
DD
CC
Input Current
) –0.3 6.0 V ) –0.3 6.0 V
Model Range Description
AD1846JP 0°C to +70°C 68-Lead PLCC
Temperature Package
(Except Supply Pins) ± 10.0 mA Analog Input Voltage (Signal Pins) –0.3 (V Digital Input Voltage (Signal Pins) –0.3 (V
) + 0.3 V
CC
) + 0.3 V
DD
Ambient Temperature (Operating) 0 +70 °C Storage Temperature –65 +150 °C
*Stresses greater than those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause
permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
CAUTION
ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection. Although the AD1846 features proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may occur on devices subjected to high energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD precautions are recommended to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality.
68-Lead Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier Pinout
ADR0
CDAK
CDRQ
PDAK PDRQ
V
GNDD
XTAL1I
XTAL1O
V
GNDD
XTAL2I
XTAL2O
PWRDWN
V
GNDD
R_FILT
DD
DATA0
DATA2
V
L_MIC
31 3230292827
L_LINE
DATA1
L_FILT
(2.25V)
REF
V
NC = NO CONNECT
GNDD
ADR1
10
11 12
13 14 15
DD
16
17
18 19
DD
20
21 22 23 24
DD
25 26
R_MIC
R_LINE
DD
GNDD
DATA3
V
AD1846
TOP VIEW
CC
V
GNDA
_F (BYPASS)
REF
V
36
DATA4
67 66 6568123 63 62 6164546789
37 38 39353433
CC
V
DATA5
GNDA
DATA6
L_AUX2
DATA7
40
L_AUX1
GNDD
41 42
L_OUT
DBEN
R_OUT
DBDIR
43
R_AUX1
WR
60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44
R_AUX2
RD CS XCTL1 INT XCTL0 NC V
DD
GNDD NC NC NC NC NC NC NC V
DD
GNDD
–6–
REV. A
AD1846
PIN DESCRIPTION Parallel Interface
Pin Name PLCC I/O Description
CDRQ 12 O Capture Data Request. The assertion of this signal indicates that the Codec has a captured
audio sample from the ADC ready for transfer. This signal will remain asserted until all the bytes from the capture buffer have been transferred.
CDAK 11 I Capture Data Acknowledge. The assertion of this active LO signal indicates that the RD
cycle occurring is a DMA read from the capture buffer.
PDRQ 14 O Playback Data Request. The assertion of this signal indicates that the Codec is ready for
more DAC playback data. The signal will remain asserted until all the bytes needed for a playback sample have been transferred.
PDAK 13 I Playback Data Acknowledge. The assertion of this active LO signal indicates that the WR
cycle occurring is a DMA write to the playback buffer.
ADR1:0 9 & 10 I Codec Addresses. These address pins are asserted by the Codec interface logic during a con-
trol register/PIO access. The state of these address lines determine which register is accessed.
RD 60 I Read Command Strobe. This active LO signal defines a read cycle from the Codec. The
cycle may be a read from the control/PIO registers, or the cycles could be a read from the Codec’s DMA sample registers.
WR 61 I Write Command Strobe. This active LO signal indicates a write cycle to the Codec. The
cycle may be a write to the control/PIO registers, or the cycle could be a write to the Codec’s DMA sample registers.
CS 59 I AD1846 Chip Select. The Codec will not respond to any control/PIO cycle accesses unless
this active LO signal is LO. This signal is ignored during DMA transfers.
DATA7:0 3–6 & I/O Data Bus. These pins transfer data and control information between the Codec and the host.
65–68
DBEN 63 O Data Bus Enable. This pin enables the external bus drivers. This signal is normally HI.
For control register/PIO cycles,
DBEN = (WR OR RD) AND CS
For DMA cycles,
DBEN = (WR OR RD) AND (PDAK OR CDAK)
DBDIR 62 O Data Bus Direction. This pin controls the direction of the data bus transceiver. HI enables
writes from the host to the AD1846; LO enables reads from the AD1846 to the host bus. This signal is normally HI.
For control register/PIO cycles,
DBDIR =
For DMA cycles,
DBDIR = RD AND (PDAK OR CDAK)
RD AND CS
REV. A
–7–
AD1846
Analog Signals
Pin Name PLCC I/O Description
L_LINE 30 I Left Line Input. Line level input for the left channel. R_LINE 27 I Right Line Input. Line level input for the right channel. L_MIC 29 I Left Microphone Input. Microphone input for the left channel. This signal can be ei-
ther line level or –20 dB from line level.
R_MIC 28 I Right Microphone Input. Microphone input for the right channel. This signal can be
either line level or –20 dB from line level. L_AUX1 39 I Left Auxiliary #1 Line Input R_AUX1 42 I Right Auxiliary #1 Line Input L_AUX2 38 I Left Auxiliary #2 Line Input R_AUX2 43 I Right Auxiliary #2 Line Input L_OUT 40 O Left Line Level Output R_OUT 41 O Right Line Level Output
Miscellaneous
Pin Name PLCC I/O Description
XTAL1I 17 I 24.576 MHz Crystal #1 Input XTAL1O 18 O 24.576 MHz Crystal #1 Output XTAL2I 21 I 16.9344 MHz Crystal #2 Input XTAL2O 22 O 16.9344 MHz Crystal #2 Output PWRDWN 23 I Power-Down Signal. Active LO control places AD1846 in its lowest power consump-
tion mode. All sections of the AD1846, including the digital interface, are shut down
and consume minimal power. INT 57 O Host Interrupt Pin. This signal is used to notify the host that the DMA Current Count
Register has underflowed. XCTL1:O 56 & 58 O External Control. These signals reflect the current status of register bits inside the
AD1846. They can be used for signaling or to control external logic. XLTL1 and
XLTL0 are open-drain outputs. V
REF
_F 33 I Voltage Reference Filter. Voltage reference filter point for external bypassing only.
V
REF
L_FILT 31 I Left Channel Filter Input. This pin requires a 1.0 µF capacitor to analog ground for
R_FILT 26 I Right Channel Filter Input. This pin requires a 1.0 µF capacitor to analog ground for
NC 46–52, 55 No Connect. Do not connect.
32 O Voltage Reference. Nominal 2.25 volt reference available externally for dc-coupling and
level-shifting. V
should not be used where it will sink or source current.
REF
proper operation.
proper operation.
Power Supplies
Pin Name PLCC I/O Description
V
CC
35 & 36 I Analog Supply Voltage (+5 V) GNDA 34 & 37 I Analog Ground V
DD
1, 7, 15, 19, I Digital Supply Voltage (+5 V)
24, 45, 54 GNDD 2, 8, 16, 20, I Digital Ground
25, 44, 53, 64
–8–
REV. A
AD1846
(Continued from page 1)
AD1846
DATA7:0
WR
DBDIR
DBEN
PDRQ
CDRQ
PDAK
CDAK
INT
CS
RD
ADDRESS
DECODE
A1 A0
DIR G
7 4
2 4 5
8
B
AEN
18
SA19:2 SA1 SA0 IOWC IORC
8
DATA7:0
ISA BUS
A
DRQ<X> DRQ<Y> DAK<X> DAK<Y> IRQ<Z>
Figure 1. Interface to ISA Bus
The pair of 16-bit outputs from the ADCs is available over a byte-wide bidirectional interface that also supports 16-bit digital input to the DACs and control information. The AD1846 can accept and generate 16-bit twos-complement PCM linear digital data, 8-bit unsigned magnitude PCM linear data, and 8-bit µ-law or A-law companded digital data.
The ∑∆ DACs are preceded by a digital interpolation filter. An attenuator provides independent user volume control over each DAC channel. Nyquist images and shaped quantization noise are removed from the DACs’ analog stereo output by on-chip switched-capacitor and continuous-time filters. Two stereo pairs of auxiliary line-level inputs can also be mixed in the analog do­main with the DAC output.
AUDIO FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
This section overviews the functionality of the AD1846 and is intended as a general introduction to the capabilities of the de­vice. As much as possible, detailed reference information has been placed in “Control Registers” and other sections. The user is not expected to refer repeatedly to this section.
Analog Inputs
The AD1846 SoundPort Stereo Codec accepts stereo line-level and mic-level inputs. LINE, MIC, and AUX1 inputs and post­mixed DAC output analog stereo signals are multiplexed to the internal programmable gain amplifier (PGA) stage.
The PGA following the input multiplexer allows independent selectable gains for each channel from 0 to 22.5 dB in +1.5 dB steps. The Codec can operate either in a global stereo mode or in a global mono mode with left channel inputs appearing at both channel outputs.
Analog Mixing
AUX1 and AUX2 analog stereo signals can be mixed in the ana­log domain with the DAC output. Each channel of each auxil­iary analog input can be independently gained/attenuated from +12 dB to –34.5 dB in –1.5 dB steps or completely muted. The post mixed DAC output is available on OUT externally and as an input to the ADCs.
Even if the AD1846 is not playing back data from its DACs, the analog mix function can still be active.
Analog-to-Digital Datapath
The AD1846 ∑∆ ADCs incorporate a fourth order modulator. A single pole of passive filtering is all that is required for anti­aliasing the analog input because of the ADC’s high 64 times oversampling ratio. The ADCs include linear phase digital deci­mation filters that low-pass filter the input to 0.4 3 F
. (“FS’’ is
S
the word rate or “sampling frequency”). ADC input overrange conditions will cause bits to be set that can be read.
Each channel of the mic inputs can be amplified digitally by +18 dB to compensate for the voltage swing differences between line levels and typical condenser microphone levels. This +18 dB digital gain is enabled with the same control bits (LMGE and RMGE) as the +20 dB analog gain in the AD1848.
Digital-to-Analog Datapath
The ∑∆ DACs contain a programmable attenuator and a low­pass digital interpolation filter. The anti-imaging interpolation filter oversamples by 64 and digitally filters the higher frequency images. The attenuator allows independent control of each DAC channel from 0 dB to –94.5 dB in 1.5 dB steps plus full mute. The DACs’ ∑∆ noise shapers also oversample by 64 and convert the signal to a single bit stream. The DAC outputs are then filtered in the analog domain by a combination of switched­capacitor and continuous-time filters. They remove the very high frequency components of the DAC bitstream output. No external components are required. Phase linearity at the analog output is achieved by internally compensating for the group delay variation of the analog output filters.
Changes in DAC output attenuation take effect only on zero crossings, thereby eliminating “zipper” noise. Each channel has its own independent zero-crossing detector and attenuator change control circuitry. A timer guarantees that requested vol­ume changes will occur even in the absence of an input signal that changes sign. The time-out period is 8 milliseconds at a 48 kHz sampling rate and 48 milliseconds at an 8 kHz sampling rate. (Time out [ms] 384/F
[kHz].)
S
Digital Mixing
Stereo digital output from the ADCs can be mixed digitally with the input to the DACs. Digital output from the ADCs going out of the data port is unaffected by the digital mix. Along the digi­tal mix datapath, the 16-bit linear output from the ADCs is attenuated by an amount specified with control bits. Both chan­nels of the monitor data are attenuated by the same amount. (Note that internally the AD1846 always works with 16-bit PCM linear data, digital mixing included; format conversions take place at the input and output.)
REV. A
–9–
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