Ameritec AM5e, AM5 User Manual

MODEL AM5/AM5e

Classic

WIDEBAND

TRANSMISSION TEST SET

INSTRUCTION MANUAL

MODEL AM5/AM5e

Classic

WIDEBAND

TRANSMISSION TEST SET

INSTRUCTION MANUAL

May 1997

Technical Data Subject to

Change without Notice

For extra copies of

this manual, order

Part No. 18-0047G

760 Arrow Grand Circle
Covina, CA 91722 USA

TEL [phone]
FAX [phone]

www.ameritec.com

Test Complete

ISO 9001 Certified Company

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) Record of Revisions

RECORD OF REVISIONS

00 March, 1993 Original Issue
A August, 1993 Corrections on page 3-5.
B December, 1993 Corrections on page 4-7, 10-3.
C April, 1994 Major update
D June, 1994 Added INDEX
E October, 1994 Major update
F August, 1996 Added E-mail address
G April, 1997 Calibrate Procedure Addendum

for new software version.

November 19, 1997 iv

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) DESCRIPTION

CAUTION

When using the padded carrying case for the AM5 or AM5e Classic
(P/N 87-0070C), DO NOT PLACE the power cord around the side of the
case in the manner demonstrated in Figure 1.

Instead, be certain to WIND THE CORD UNDER THE CASING in the
Area between the feet, as shown in Figure 2.

Failure to follow this procedure could cause deterioration of the cord and
Increase the possibility of electric shock.

November 19, 1997

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) INTRODUCTION

ORGANIZATION OF MANUAL

SECTION 1 — OVERVIEW/UNPACKING describes the models of the AM5 and

AM5e Classic that are available and provides guidance for proper
unpacking and inspection of the unit.

SECTION 2 — POWER CONSIDERATIONS describes the commercial power

requirements, precautions, battery options, and power ON and
OFF.

SECTION 3 — PHYSICAL AND FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION describes the

physical characteristics; front-panel switches, indicators, displays,
and connectors; rear-panel power connector, voltage-select switch,
fuse location, method of identifying units, and permanent
connections. Also described in this section are the Factory­installed options and accessories.

SECTION 4 — SELF TEST OPERATIONS describes the operations which should

be performed after the unit is turned on for the first time. Default
settings are described and SEND and MEASURE tests that can be
performed by connecting the TX/2W to the RX jacks are described.
This section also describes restoration of settings before shut down
and a full-calibration procedure.

SECTION 5 — LINE TEST CONNECTIONS AND CONFIGURATIONS describes

the cables that may be used to connect the unit to the equipment
under test. Also covered are schematic diagrams of the line
interfaces for the various configurations that can be selected by an
operator through the use of the TX/2W. RX, LINE, and DIAL
sections of the front panel.

SECTION 6 — MEASURE FUNCTIONS AND PARAMETERS describes each

measurement that may be selected by the MEASURE key on the
front panel. Included in the description are all parameters that
may be changed for each type of measurement. Some typical test
configurations are covered.

iiNovember 19, 1997

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) INTRODUCTION

SECTION 7 — FILTERS FOR AM5 Classic describes the Noise-Weighting filters

that are provided to IEEE standards.The Filters are switched by
the FILTER key into the measurement circuitry for noise tests.
Included in these sections are frequency response graphs for each
filter type.

SECTION 8 — FILTERS FOR AM5e Classic describes the Noise-Weighting

filters that are provided to CCITT standards.The Filters are
switched by the FILTER key into the measurement circuitry for
noise tests. Included in these sections are frequency response
graphs for each filter type.

SECTION 9 — SEND FUNCTIONS AND PARAMETERS describes each signal

generation function that may be selected by the SEND key on the
front panel. Included in the description are all parameters that
may be changed for each signaling requirement.

SECTION 10 — AM5/AM5e CLASSIC TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS provides a

tabular listing of the specifications for the AM5 Classic and the
AM5e Classic.

SECTION 11 — WARRANTY AND SERVICE POLICY provides information on

warranty and on returning unit to Ameritec for service.

iiiNovember 19, 1997

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CAUTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . INSIDE OF FRONT COVER

SECTION 1 — OVERVIEW AND UNPACKING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 – 1

1.1 OVERVIEW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 – 1

1.2 UNPACKING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 – 1

SECTION 2 — POWER CONSIDERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 – 1

2.1 COMMERCIAL POWER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 – 1

CAUTION: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 – 1

2.2 OPTIONAL BATTERY PACK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 – 1

2.3 POWER ON AND OFF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 – 1

SECTION 3 — PHYSICAL AND FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . 3 – 1

3.1 PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 – 1

3.1.1 Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 – 1

3.1.2 Portable Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 – 1

3.1.3 Rack Mounted Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 – 1

3.1.4 Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 – 1

CAUTION: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 – 1

3.1.5 Rubber Feet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 – 1

3.1.6 Carrying Handle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 – 1

NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 – 1

3.2 FRONT PANEL DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 – 1

CAUTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 – 1

NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 – 1

3.3.1 ON OFF Button (power switch) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 – 5

CAUTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 – 5

NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 – 5

3.3.2 TX/2W bantam jack for 2-wire circuits (2W LED on) . . . . . . 3 – 5

3.3.3 TX/2W bantam jack for 4-wire circuits (4W LED on) . . . . . . 3 – 5

3.3.4 TX/2W bantam jack for REVERSE selection

(4W REV LED on) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 – 5

3.3.5 RX bantam jack for 4-wire circuits (4W LED on) . . . . . . . . . . 3 – 5

3.3.6 RX bantam jack for 4-wire circuits for REVERSE selection

(4W REV LED on) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 – 5

3.3.7 MONITOR (TX, MEAS, RX) switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 – 6

3.3.8 Speaker Volume Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 – 6

NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 – 6

3.3.9 DISPLAY key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 – 6

3.3.10 Left-Hand 7-Segment Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 – 6

3.3.11 Left-Hand LED’s (dB, dBm, dBrn, mSEC, HOLD TONE) . . . 3 – 6

3.3.12 Right-Hand 7-Segment Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 – 8

3.3.13 Units of Measurement LED’s (kHz, SEC, MIN, CNT) . . . . . . 3 – 8

3.3.14 PARAM SEL keys (Parameter Select and arrow keys) . . . . . 3 – 8

NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 – 8

3.3.15 START/STOP Key (Impulse Noise Measurement) . . . . . . . . 3–10

3.3.16 MEASURE Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–10

vNovember 19, 1997

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) TABLE OF CONTENTS

3.3.17 FILTER (left key) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–11

NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–11

3.3.18 FILTER (right key) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–11

3.3.19 SEND (left key) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–12

3.3.20 SEND (middle key) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–12

3.3.21 SEND (right key) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–12

NOTE: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–12

3.3.22 TX/2W (left key) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–13

3.3.23 TX/2W (right key) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–13

3.3.24 RX (left key) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–13

3.3.25 RX (middle key) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–13

3.3.26 RX right key) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–13

3.3.27 LINE Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–14

3.3.28 DIAL key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–14

3.3.29 DIAL Terminals: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–14

3.4 REAR PANEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–15

NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–15

3.4.1 AC Power Selector Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–15

CAUTION: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–15

3.4.2 Fuse Holder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–15

3.4.3 Power Plug . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–15

3.4.4 Identification Label . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–15

3.4.5 Screw Terminal, Ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–16

3.4.6 Screw Terminals, T1 and R1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–16

3.4.7 Screw Terminals, T and R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–16

3.5 OPTIONAL FACTORY-INSTALLED EQUIPMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–17

3.5.1 Sealed Lead-Acid Batteries and Integral Charger

(Option 24-0017) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–17

3.5.2 Siemens type “banana” input adapter for AM5e Classic

only (Option 25-0041) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–17

3.5.3 Model 30-0033XT Signalling Adapter with Ring Generator . 3–17

3.6 ACCESSORIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–18

3.6.1 Line Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–18

3.6.2 Protective front panel (85-0078) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–18

NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–18

3.6.3 Padded Carrying Case (87-0070) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–18

3.6.4 19” Rack Mounting Kits (85-0076) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–18

3.6.5 19” Rack Mounting Shelf (85-0233): . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–18

SECTION 4 — SELF TEST AND CALIBRATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 – 1

4.1 SELF TEST CONFIGURATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 – 1

4.2 POWER ON SELF-TEST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 – 1

NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 – 1

viNovember 19, 1997

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) TABLE OF CONTENTS

4.3 DEFAULT SETTINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 – 1

4.3.1 Function LEDs at Power Turn-on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 – 1

4.3.2 Parameter Settings at Power Turn-on: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 – 2

NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 – 2

4.3.3 Restoring Previous Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 – 3

NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 – 3

4.5 LOOPBACK TESTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 – 4

4.5.1 Set up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 – 4

4.5.2 QUIET Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 – 4

NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 – 5

4.5.3 SEND 1004 Hz Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 – 6

NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 – 6

NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 – 7

4.6 CALIBRATION PROCEDURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 – 7

4.6.1 External Test Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 – 7

4.6.2 Calibration Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 – 7

4.6.3 Calibration Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 – 8

SECTION 5 — LINE FUNCTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 1

5.1 LINE CABLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 1

NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 1

5.2 BLOCK DIAGRAMS OF AM5 AND AM5E CLASSIC . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 2

5.2.1 LINE 4W selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 2

5.2.2 LINE 4W REVerse selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 2

5.2.3 LINE 2W selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 3

NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 3

5.2.4 LINE 2W 2.16µf selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 3

5.2.5 DIAL terminal DIAL selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 3

5.2.6 TX/2W 135Ω , 150Ω, 600Ω, 900Ω, 1200Ω selections . . . . . . . 5 – 4

5.2.7 TX/2W OFF HOOK selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 4

5.2.8 RX 135Ω , 150Ω, 600Ω, 900Ω, 1200Ω selections . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 4

5.2.9 RX OFF HOOK selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 4

5.2.10 RX TERM or BRDG selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 4

NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 4

5.2.11 SEND QUIET selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 5

NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 5

5.2.12 SEND SF SKIP selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 5

5.2.13 FILTER selections: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 5

5.2.14 FILTER 60 Hz selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 5

5.2.15 MEASURE NTG selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 6

NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 6

5.2.16 MONITOR (TX, MEAS, RX) Selections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 6

5.2.17 DISPLAY (SEND, MEAS) Selections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 6

5.3 LINE TERMINATION IMPEDANCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 7

NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 7

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AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) TABLE OF CONTENTS

5.4 TEST CONFIGURATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 8

NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 8

5.4.1 End-to-End Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 8

5.4.2 Loopback Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 9

NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 9

5.4.3 4-Wire Testing with Responder: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5–10

5.4.4 2-Wire Testing with Responder: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5–11

SECTION 6 — MEASURE FUNCTIONS AND PARAMETERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 – 1

6.1 MEASURE LEVEL AND FREQUENCY (LEVEL FREQ) . . . . . . . . . 6 – 2

NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 – 2

6.2 MEASURE LEVEL AND FREQUENCY,

NARROW BAND (L/F 15 kHz or L/F UNWTD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 – 2

6.3 MEASURE IDLE LINE NOISE (NOISE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 – 2

6.3.1 Units of Noise Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 – 3

6.3.2 Test Setup for Idle Line Noise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 – 4

6.3.3 Noise Weighting Filters: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 – 4

6.4 MEASURE NOTCH NOISE (NOISE W/T) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 – 4

6.4.1 Validity of Notch Noise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 – 4

6.4.2 Test Setup for Notch Noise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 – 4

6.4.3 Noise Weighting Filters: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 – 5

6.5 MEASURE NOISE TO GROUND (NTG) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 – 5

6.5.1 Noise to Ground Measurement Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 – 5

6.5.2 Test Setup for NTG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 – 6

6.5.3 Noise Weighting Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 – 6

6.5.4 NTG and SEND functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 – 6

6.6 SIGNAL-TO-NOISE RATIO (S/N RATIO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 – 6

6.6.1 Signal-to-Noise Ratio Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 – 7

NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 – 7

6.6.2 Test Setup for S/N Ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 – 8

6.6.3 Noise Weighting Filters: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 – 8

6.7 IMPULSE NOISE WITHOUT TONE (IMP NOISE) or

IMPULSE NOISE WITH TONE (IMP N W/T) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 – 8

6.7.1 General Description of Impulse Noise Measurement . . . . . . 6 – 8

NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 – 8

NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 – 9

6.7.2 Impulse Noise Measurements, Parameters, and Procedure . 6 – 9

NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 – 9

6.7.3 Evaluation of Measurement Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6–12

6.7.4 Test Setup for Impulse Noise without Tone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6–14

6.7.5 Test Setup for Impulse Noise with Tone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6–14

6.7.6 Noise Weighting Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6–14

viiiNovember 19, 1997

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION 7 — IEEE NOISE WEIGHTING FILTERS FOR AM5 CLASSIC . . . . 7 – 1

NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 – 1

7.1 NOISE WEIGHTING FILTERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 – 1

7.2 60 Hz FILTER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 – 8

7.3 L/F 15 kHz MEASURE FILTER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 – 8

NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 – 8

SECTION 8 — CCITT NOISE WEIGHTING FILTERS FOR AM5e CLASSIC 8 – 1

NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 – 1

8.1 NOISE WEIGHTING FILTERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 – 1

8.2 60 Hz FILTER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 – 7

8.3 L/F UNWTD MEASURE FILTER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 – 7

NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 – 7

SECTION 9 — SEND FUNCTIONS AND PARAMETERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 – 1

9.1 NO-SIGNAL, TERMINATED (QUIET) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 – 2

CAUTION: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 – 2

9.1.1 QUIET Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 – 2

9.1.2 QUIET Parameters: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 – 2

9.2 1004 Hz TONE (1004 Hz) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 – 3

9.2.1 1004 Hz Data Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 – 4

9.2.2 1004 Hz Parameter Display/Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 – 4

9.3 VARIABLE FREQUENCY GENERATOR (VAR Hz) . . . . . . . . . . 9 – 4

9.3.1 VAR Hz Data Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 – 4

9.3.2 VAR Hz Parameter Display/Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 – 4

NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 – 4

9.4 SWEEP GENERATOR (SWEEP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 – 6

9.4.1 SWEEP Data Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 – 6

9.4.2 SWEEP Parameter Display/Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 – 6

NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 – 6

9.5 SIGNALLING FREQUENCY SKIP (SF SKIP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 – 8

9.5.1 SF SKIP Rejection for AM5 Classic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 – 8

9.5.2 SF SKIP Rejection for AM5e Classic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 – 8

9.6 SINGLE FREQUENCY TONES: (F1, F2, F3, F4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 – 8

9.6.1 General Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 – 8

9.6.2 Loop Back Tone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 – 9

9.7 OPEN CIRCUIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 – 9

SECTION 10 — AM5 and AM5E CLASSIC SPECIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 – 1

SECTION 11 — WARRANTY, CALIBRATION, AND SERVICE . . . . . . . . . . 11 – 1

11.1 WARRANTY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 – 1

11.2 SERVICE POLICY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 – 1

11.3 CALIBRATION POLICY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 – 1

11.4 RETURN OF UNIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 – 2

SECTION A1 — APPENDIX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A1 – 1

A.1.1 SCOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A1 – 1

A.1.2 EQUIPMENT REQUIRED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A1 – 1

ixNovember 19, 1997

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) TABLE OF CONTENTS

A.1.3 CALIBRATION PROCEDURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A1 – 1

A.1.4 VALIDATION PROCEDURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A1 – 3

INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I – 1

xNovember 19, 1997

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) TABLE OF CONTENTS

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Figure 1 — Wrong (way to wind power cable) . . . . . . INSIDE OF FRONT COVER

Figure 2 — Correct (way to wind power cable) . . . . . INSIDE OF FRONT COVER

Figure 3-1 — AM5 Classic Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 – 2

Figure 3-2 — AM5e Classic Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 – 2

Figure 3-3 — Level (dB/dBm) and Noise (dBrn ) Units of Measurement . . . . . . . 3 – 7

Figure 3-4 — AM5(e) Classic Rear Panel Drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–16

Figure 5-1 — Line Cable Accessories for AM5(e) Classic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 1

Figure 5–2 — 4-Wire Line Circuit Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 2

Figure 5–3 — 2–Wire Line Circuit Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 3

Figure 5-4 — 4-Wire End-to-End Testing Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 – 8

Figure 5-5 – 4-Wire Testing with Responder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5–11

Figure 5-6 — 2-Wire Testing with Responders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5–11

Figure 6–1 — Impulse Noise Measurement Selection/Displays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6–10

Figure 6–2 — Impulse Noise Parameters Selection/Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6–11

Figure 6–3 — Illustration of Impulse Noise Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6–13

Figure 7-1 — CMSG Bandwidth Filter (CMSG) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 – 2

Figure 7–2 — Program Bandpass Filter (PGM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 – 3

Figure 7–3 — 3 kHz Low Pass Filter (3 kHz) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 – 4

Figure 7–4 — 15 kHz Low Pass Filter (15 kHz) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 – 5

Figure 7–5 — 50 Kilobit Filter (50 kBit) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 – 6

Figure 7–6 — Wideband 120 kHz Filter (WIDE —AM5-120 Model . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 – 7

Figure 7–7 — Wideband 160 kHz Filter (WIDE — AM5-200 Model) . . . . . . . . . . . 7 – 7

Figure 8-1 — Psophometric Filter (PSHO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 – 2

Figure 8–2 — Sound Unweighted Filter (UNWTD Q-PEAK/UNWTD RMS) . . . . 8 – 3

Figure 8–3 — Sound Weighted Filter (SWTD Q-PEAK/SWTD RMS) . . . . . . . . . . 8 – 4

Figure 8-4 — 2 kHz Flat Filter (2 kHz FLAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 – 5

Figure 8–5 — Wideband 120 kHz Filter (WIDE —AM5e-120 Model) . . . . . . . . . . . 8 – 6

Figure 8–6 — Wideband 160 kHz Filter (WIDE — AM5e-200 Model) . . . . . . . . . . 8 – 6

Figure 9–1 — Send QUIET Data Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 – 2

Figure 9–2 — Send QUIET Parameter Displays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 – 3

Figure 9–3 — Send 1004 Hz Data and Parameter Displays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 – 5

Figure 9–4 — Send VARiable Hz Data and Parameter Displays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 – 5

Figure 9–5 — Send SWEEP Data and Parameter Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 – 7

xiNovember 19, 1997

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) OVERVIEW/UNPACKING

1. OVERVIEW AND UNPACKING

1.1 OVERVIEW

This Instruction Manual describes the operation of the Ameritec Model AM5
and AM5e Classic Voice/Data Transmission Test Sets.

The AM5 Classic and AM5e Classic
make Transmission Impairment Measurements (“TIMS”) on 2- and 4-wire circuits.
Models are available for IEEE Standards and CCITT Recommendations as follows:

AM5 CLASSIC-120 - - - IEEE Standard 743-1984 (Bell Standard 41009)
AM5 CLASSIC-200 - - - Same as AM5 Classic-120 with extended range to 200 kHz

AM5e CLASSIC-120 - - - CCITT International Recommendations
AM5e CLASSIC-200 - - - Same as AM5e Classic-120 with extended range to 200 kHz

Both the AM5 Classic and AM5e Classic are hereafter referred to as “AM5(e) Classic”,
and except where specified “AM5” or “AM5e” all information applies to both types of
Classics.

The AM5(e) Classic also contains a separate full-function test tone generator which
produces operator-selected and automatically-stepped (sweep) tones from 20 Hz to 120
kHz (or 200 kHz) required for tests.

The AM5(e)
separate DC hold circuits, and a built-in speaker monitor.

Optional features include a Signaling Adapter with Ring Generator, “Siemens”-type
Line Test Connections, Rechargeable batteries for cordless portable operation, a snap­on cover, and a rack-mounting kit for permanent installations.

Classic provides five (5) impedance selections for RX and TX lines,

are microprocessor-based test instruments used to

Classic

The 200 kHz Model of both the AM5 Classic and AM5e Classic extends the maximum
frequency response measurement and generation from 120 kHz to 200 kHz.

1.2 UNPACKING

The AM5(e) Classic was thoroughly tested and carefully packed before shipment, and
was in good condition when given to the carrier for shipment.

Upon receipt, thoroughly inspect the outside of the shipping container for damage. If
damage is noted, immediately contact the carrier. The name of the carrier will be noted
on the packing slip which is attached to the outside of the shipping container.

Open the container carefully and compare the contents with the packing slip. Note any
damage or shortages. Notify the carrier in the event of damage. Notify Ameritec in the
event of shortages.

Save the shipping container for future use in case the AM5(e) Classic must be returned
to the factory.

November 19, 1997 Page 1-2

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) POWER CONSIDERATIONS

2. POWER CONSIDERATIONS

2.1 COMMERCIAL POWER

CAUTION: Before connecting the AM5(e) Classic to AC Power , be sure
that the AC power selector switch is in the correct position. For more
details refer to Section 3, sub-sections 3.3.1. and 3.4.1.

All models of the AM5(e) Classic
50/60 Hz power, and have a power consumption of 26 Watts (VA). A rear-panel
selector switch selects 115 V AC or 230 V AC.

A detachable 3-wire power cord is furnished which mates with a CCE standard V-type
connector on the rear panel. The other end of the power cord has a standard three­conductor AC plug. A replaceable 1/2 Ampere fuse is also accessible on the rear panel.

2.2 OPTIONAL BATTERY PACK

The AM5(e) Classic may be equipped with an internal battery pack to allow for full
cordless (no commercial power) operation.

The battery pack consists of two sealed lead-acid batteries and associated charging
circuitry. When fully charged, the batteries will power the AM5(e) Classic for about
five to eight (5-8) hours.

A low battery is indicated by blinking decimal points on the front panel display.
Blinking decimal points indicate about one-half hour of remaining battery power
before recharging is required.

The AM5(e) Classic may be operated while the batteries are recharging. Recharging
occurs continuously whenever the AM5(e) Classic is plugged into AC power whether
the power switch is turned ON or OFF. However, charging will be accomplished faster
when the power switch is turned OFF. Commercial power interruption will not cause
unit to stop operating as long as the batteries remain charged.

2.3 POWER ON AND OFF

are powered from commercial 115 V AC or 230 V AC

The power ON-OFF switch is located on the upper right side of the front panel (refer to
Section 3 for illustration). It is an alternate-action push button. When pushed-in, it will
lock in that position and the power is ON. Push it again, the button will pop out, and
the power is OFF. When the power is turned ON, the AM5(e) Classic will go through a
self-test procedure, then will show factory-set test selections referred to as “defaults”.
The operator usually will change these settings for a particular test configuration.

The AM5(e) Classic is equipped with a non-volatile memory for test setups. Although
loss of power will cause operation to cease, current test parameter settings will be

stored in memory. When the AM5(e)
re-established instead of the defaults. A procedure for restoring these settings when
power is turned ON is described in Section 4 of this Manual.

November 19, 1997 Page 2-1

Classic is turned back ON, these settings can be

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) DESCRIPTION

3. PHYSICAL AND FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

This section describes the general physical characteristics of the AM5(e) Classic, the
Front and Rear Panel controls, indicators, and connectors, and the optional equipment.

3.1 PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS

3.1.1 Weight: The AM5(e) Classic weighs six (6) pounds (2.7 kilograms) without the
optional battery pack, and 10 pounds (4.5 kilograms) with the battery pack.

3.1.2 Portable Dimensions: The AM5(e) Classic in its portable case measures 8.3 in.
(210 mm) wide, 3.5 in. (89 mm) high, and 12.1 in. (307 mm) deep. With the
optional snap-on cover in place, the Classic is 14 in. (356 mm) deep.

3.1.3 Rack Mounted Dimensions: A 19 in. Rack Mount kit (P/N 850076) can be
ordered for fixed installations. When mounted in the Rack Mount kit, the
AM5(e) Classic measures 19 in (483 mm) wide, 3.5 in. (89 mm) high, and 12.1 in.
(307 mm) deep. A Rack Mount kit shelf is also available (P/N 850233). For more
detail refer to sub-section 3.6.5.

3.1.4 Construction: The front panel (with switch and indicators labels appropriate for
the AM5 Classic or AM5e Classic ) and a black, steel rear panel are attached to a
sturdy aluminum case. Within the case, electronic components are mounted on
three plug-in printed circuit boards, interconnected with ribbon cables. The AC
power supply and optional battery pack with charging circuitry are also
contained within the case.

CAUTION: None of the electronic components within the case are user­serviceable, and opening the case will void the manufacturer’s warranty.

3.1.5 Rubber Feet: There are four (4) rubber feet on the bottom of the case, and two
rear-panel support brackets for positioning the AM5(e) Classic horizontally or
vertically during operation. There are also four (4) rubber feet on the left side for
setting it down after carrying it with the carrying handle.

3.1.6 Carrying Handle: The carrying handle is made of thick, soft, flexible

plastic. It is located on the right side of the case. It extends for use and retracts
against the case when not in use.

NOTE: Neither the rubber feet nor the carrying handle are provided when the AM5(e)
Classic is installed in the 19 inch Rack Mount kit (P/N 850076).

3.2 FRONT PANEL DESCRIPTION

The front panel measures approximately 3 in. (75 mm) high by 8 in. (205 mm) wide.
Both panels are illustrated in Figures 3-1 and 3-2. The panels are similar in appearance
with the exception of the label nomenclature for filters, certain noise measurements,
and DIAL terminal identification.

November 19, 1997 Page 3-1

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) DESCRIPTION

Figure 3-1 — AM5 Classic Front Panel (Sheet 1 of 2)

Figure 3-2 — AM5e Classic Front Panel (Sheet 1 of 2)

November 19, 1997 Page 3-2

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) DESCRIPTION

Figure 3-1 — AM5 Classic Front Panel (Sheet 2 of 2)

Figure 3-2 — AM5e Classic Front Panel (Sheet 2 of 2)

November 19, 1997 Page 3-3

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) DESCRIPTION

200 kHz

For the AM5(e) Classic models that have extended frequency response, the following
designation plate appears on the lower-left side of the panel:

The front panel contains push-button switches, LED indicators, and LED displays for
setting test conditions and displaying measurements. A speaker volume control knob
is also located on the front panel. Bantam jacks are provided for line connections
(duplicated on the rear panel as terminals) and two terminals are provided for a user’s
“Butt Set” to allow dialing and talking by the user.

All push button keys are non-membrane type, and offer good visual, tactile, and
audible feedback. All indicators, including the display, are LEDs and should never
need replacement.

The remaining sub-sections in Section 3 describe the controls, indicators, and displays
on the front panel. The numbering of the sub-sections corresponds with the
identifications of sub-sections shown on Figures 3-1 and 3-2.

Further descriptions are contained in the other Sections of this manual which describe :

• Self Test Operations Section 4

• Line Test Connections and Configurations Section 5

• Measure Functions and Parameters Section 6

• Filters for AM5 Classic Section 7

• Filters for AM5e Classic Section 8

• Send Functions and Parameters Section 9

November 19, 1997 Page 3-4

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) DESCRIPTION

3.3.1 ON OFF Button (power switch):

CAUTION: Before connecting the AM5(e) Classic to AC Power , be sure
that the selector switch is in the correct position. For more details refer
to 3.4.1.

Push the button IN to turn power ON. Push the button again and the button
will pop out to turn power OFF. The front panel illustrates the power positions
as shown below:

Button in Power ON

Button out Power OFF

When the power is turned ON, The Red LED indicators will come on to show
the default conditions. The two display windows also may show red characters.
For more information on default settings, refer to Section 4.

NOTE: The functions selected for the TX/2W jack described in the next three
sub-sections are duplicated by the T and R terminals on the rear panel.

3.3.2 TX/2W bantam jack for 2-wire circuits (2W LED on): The Classic both transmits
and receives signals over this jack through a built-in hybrid circuit. Connect a 2­wire circuit to this jack.

3.3.3 TX/2W bantam jack for 4-wire circuits (4W LED on): The Classic transmits
signals over this jack. Connect the send (transmit, or TX) pair of a four-wire
circuit to this jack.

3.3.4 TX/2W bantam jack for REVERSE selection (4W REV LED on): This jack
becomes a receive (RX) jack as shown on the panel. The Classic receives signals
over this jack (as described in 3.3.5). Connections are per test requirements.

NOTE: The functions selected for the RX jack described in the next two sub-sections

are duplicated by the T1 and R1 terminals on the rear panel.

3.3.5 RX bantam jack for 4-wire circuits (4W LED on): The Classic receives signals
over this jack. Connect the receive (or RX) pair of a four-wire circuit to this jack.

3.3.6 RX bantam jack for 4-wire circuits for REVERSE selection (4W REV LED on):

The jack becomes a transmit (TX) jack as shown on the panel. The Classic
transmits signals over this jack (as described in 3.3.3). Connections are per test
requirements.

November 19, 1997 Page 3-5

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) DESCRIPTION

3.3.7 MONITOR (TX, MEAS, RX) switch: This three position switch selects the
circuit point where the internal amplifier/speaker is connected:

3.3.8 Speaker Volume Control: After the MONITOR switch has been used to select
the monitor point, the Volume control can be turned clockwise to increase the
speaker volume and counter-clockwise to decrease the volume.

NOTE: The speaker is located at the top of the unit near the front.

3.3.9 DISPLAY Key: This key selects whether the data shown in the left-hand and
right-hand display windows represent test signals sent to a circuit under test
(SEND) or test data measurements on the circuit under test (MEAS). Each time
the key is pressed, the SEND or MEAS(ure) LED will come on to indicate which
function has been selected.

3.3.10 Left-Hand 7-Segment Display: This is a red LED display containing four 7­segment characters with floating decimal point. These characters will indicate
Levels for the SEND or MEASURE Selections in accordance with the LED
indicators to the right of the display (except for Impulse Noise measurements
where they identify the value being displayed in the right-hand 7-Segment
Display).

After the PARAM SEL key is pressed, the characters identify a parameter that
may be set in the right-hand LED display (for those functions that have
parameters). Parameters for MEAS and SEND functions are described in
Sections 6 and 9, respectively.

3.3.11 Left-Hand LED’s (dB, dBm, dBrn, mSEC, HOLD TONE): These LEDs provide
units of measurement and other information about the current SEND or
MEAS(ure) DISPLAY selection. Refer to the table on the next page:

November 19, 1997 Page 3-6

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) DESCRIPTION

Figure 3-3 - Level (db/dbm) and Noise (dBrn) Units of measurement

November 19, 1997 Page 3-7

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) DESCRIPTION

3.1.7 Right-Hand 7-Segment Display: This is a red LED display containing four 7-segment
characters with floating decimal point display. These characters will indicate values for
the SEND or MEASURE frequency, time, or impulse noise count selections in
accordance with the LED indicators to the right of the display (Refer to 3.3.13). When
setting parameters, the numeric value of the parameter identified in the left-hand display
is shown.

3.1.8 Units of Measurement LED’s (kHz, SEC, MIN, CNT): These LEDs provide the units
of measurement that apply to the data displayed in the right-hand 7-Segment Display for
the SEND or MEAS(ure) DISPLAY selection.

3.1.9 PARAM SEL keys (Parameter Select and arrow keys): The PARAM SEL key is
used to step through parameters which may be pre-set for certain of the SEND or
MEAS(ure) functions (Refer to Sections 6 and 9). The table that follows explains the
functions of these keys.

NOTE: The key labelled START STOP, and the LED labelled IMPULSE
NOISE RUNNING are not related to parameter selection or entry (see

3.3.15)

November 19, 1997 Page 3-8

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) DESCRIPTION

November 19, 1997 Page 3-9

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) DESCRIPTION

3.3.15 START/STOP Key (Impulse Noise Measurement): This key is pressed to start

Impulse Noise measurements after IMP NOISE has been selected in the
MEASURE area of the panel. (see 3.3.16).

When Impulse Noise measurements are running the IMPULSE NOISE RUNNING

indicator beside the switch flashes. Impulse Noise measurements may be set
(through parameters) to have a time duration, so after the test is started it will stop
after the time has elapsed. To stop Impulse Noise measurements while the
indicator is flashing, press the START/STOP key again. Refer to Section 6 for a
description of Impulse Noise measurement.

3.1.10 MEASURE Key: Eight types of measurement may be selected by this key.

Selection is by rotation and is indicated by the lighting of the LED adjacent to the
abbreviation for the measurement. Measurements are always made from a signal
source coming into the AM5(e) Classic (RX for 4-wire lines, or TX/2W for 2-wire
lines). The following table identifies the measurements, indicates units of
measurement, and whether there are parameters. MEASURE functions and
parameters are described in Section 6.

November 19, 1997 Page 3-10

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) DESCRIPTION

3.3.17 FILTER (left key): This key can select six filters and RMS detection for use

with the MEASURE NOISE functions of an AM5 Classic (as shown in Figure 3-

1) and five filters and RMS or Quasi-Peak detectors for an AM5e Classic (shown
in Figure 3-2). Filters are selected in rotation each time the key is pressed, and
the selection is indicated by the lighting of the LED adjacent to the abbreviation
for the measurement.

For the AM5 Classic the selections are:

• CMSG (C-Message Bandpass)

• PGM (Program Bandpass)

• 3 KHz (3 kHz flat)

• 15kHz (15 kHz flat)

• 50kBit (Low Pass and High Pass)

• WIDE (20 Hz to 120 kHz) for standard units or

(20 Hz to 160 kHz) for 200 kHz units

For the AM5e Classic the selections are:

• PSHO (Psophometric Bandpass)

• UNWTD Q PEAK (Sound Unweighted Quasi-Peak detection)

• SWTD Q PEAK (Sound Weighted Quasi-Peak detection)

• UNWTD RMS (Sound Unweighted RMS detection)

• SWTD RMS (Sound Weighted RMS detection)

• 2kHz FLAT (2 kHz flat)

• WIDE (20 Hz to 120 kHz) for standard units or

(20 Hz to 160 kHz) for 200 kHz units

NOTE: When MEASURE selection is LEVEL/FREQ or L/F 15 kHz on an AM5
Classic (LEVEL/FREQ or L/F UNWTD for AM5e Classic), none of the above filters
can be selected. However, the L/F 15 kHz (L/F UNWTD) selection places a low pass
filter into the measurement circuits to eliminate high frequencies which are not of
interest or when high-frequency signals (in addition to Voice Frequencies) on the
line could give false readings. Filters are described in detail in Section 7 for the AM5
Classic, and in Section 8 for the AM5e Classic.

3.3.18 FILTER (right key): This key selects a 60 Hz filter; the 60 Hz LED is lighted

when the filter is selected. The 60 Hz filter can be selected in addition to any other
filters, and is useful when making measurements on circuits that have power-line
interference. This filter cuts off frequencies below 60 Hz, and so also applies to 50
Hz or 25 Hz power-line interference. If the LEVEL or FREQuency measurement
display is not steady, there may be an improvement when this function is ON.

• OFF (LED not lighted) is the default.

November 19, 1997 Page 3-11

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) DESCRIPTION

3.3.19 SEND (left key): This key allows the user to select and activate, in rotation,

• QUIET no output

• 1004 Hz steady tone

• VAR Hz Variable frequency tone (manually adjustable over the
entire frequency range of the generator)

• SWEEP Sweep frequency generator which may be adjusted by
parameters for lower limit (STrT), upper limit (SToP),
frequency increment (STEP), time on each frequency
(rATE) and dwell time on the first and last frequencies
(dLAY).

When a new function is selected, the LED is lighted immediately, the
previously selected SEND function stops, and the new function starts.

• QUIET is the default.

3.3.20 SEND (middle key): The middle key activates SF SKIP, and the LED is lighted

when this function is turned ON. SF skip prevents any tones from being sent in
the SF signaling range (2450 - 2750 Hz for AM5 Classic; 2130 - 2430 Hz for
AM5e Classic). This skip prevents interference with other equipment while
making tests.

• ON (SF SKIP lighted) is the default.

3.3.21 SEND (right key): This key selects and sends one of four frequencies (each of

which may be manually adjusted from the nominal frequencies stamped on the
panel by parameters).

To select a frequency, press the key momentarily (less than one second) to step,
in rotation, from F1 to F4. The LED adjacent to the frequency flashes on and off
at 1/2 second intervals to show the frequency is selected.

To send the frequency, press and hold the key for approximately three seconds
until the LED goes steady, then release the key. The tone will be sent until the
key is pressed again (for less than one second), or if a frequency is selected from
the SEND (left key) function.

The single-tone over-rides any other SEND function. If a SWEEP frequency is
being generated, the SWEEP is reset to its starting frequency after the tone is
stopped.

The single-tone may also be over-ridden by pressing any of the left SEND keys.
For example, if an F4 tone is being output, shifting from QUIET to 1004 Hz will
automatically stop the F4 tone and send the 1004 Hz tone.

• F1 is the default.

NOTE: Send Functions and Parameters are described in Section 9.

November 19, 1997 Page 3-12

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) DESCRIPTION

3.3.22 TX/2W (left key): This key selects, in rotation, the impedance of the output of the

AM5(e) Classic SEND functions at the TX/2W jack (and rear-panel T and R
terminals) when the LINE selector (3.3.27) is set for any position but 4W REV(erse).

When in the LINE selector is in 4W REVerse position, the selected impedance is for
output at the TX REVERSE jack (and rear-panel T1 and R1 terminals).

• 600 ohm is the default.

3.3.23 TX/2W (right key): This key is an alternate-action key which connects a holding coil

equivalent (DC path of about 200Ω) to the TX/2W circuit while maintaining an AC
impedance of greater than 50 KΩ.. When OFF HOOK, the holding coil is across the
TX/2W tip and ring terminals. When ON HOOK, the holding coil is disconnected.

• ON HOOK (OFF HOOK not lighted) is the default.

3.3.24 RX (left key): This key selects, in rotation, the impedance of the input of the AM5(e)

Classic for MEASURE functions at the RX (and rear-panel T1 and R1 terminals)
when the LINE selector (3.3.27) is set to 4W.

When the LINE selector is in 4W REVerse position, the selected impedance is for
input at the RX REVERSE jack (and rear-panel T and R terminals).

When the LINE selector is in either 2W position, the measure section presents high­impedance (> 50 KΩ) to the TX/2W jack.

• 600 ohm is the default.
The TERMinating function must be active for any impedance setting to apply (see

sub-section 3.3.26).

3.3.25 RX (middle key): This key is an alternate-action key which connects a holding coil

equivalent (DC path of about 200Ω) to the RX circuit while maintaining an AC
impedance of greater than 50 KΩ.. When OFF HOOK, the holding coil is across the
RX tip and ring terminals. When ON HOOK, the holding coil is disconnected.

• ON HOOK (OFF HOOK not lighted) is the default.

3.3.26 RX right key): This key selects, in rotation, a termination with the selected

impedance (TERMinate lighted) or a high-impedance (> 50 KΩ) bridging impedance
(BRDG lighted). This key has no effect on RX functions when the LINE selector is in
a 2W position.

• TERMinate is the default.

November 19, 1997 Page 3-13

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) DESCRIPTION

3.3.27 LINE Key: This key selects, in rotation, the line connections for the TX/2W and

RX jacks. Selections are shown in the following table. Descriptions of the physical
connections to the jacks are provided in Section 5.

3.3.28 DIAL key: This key selects, in rotation, the DIAL and MEAS(ure) functions. When

DIAL is selected, the TX/2W jack is directly connected to the DIAL terminals on
the front panel and all internal AM5(e) Classic circuitry is disconnected.

When MEAS(ure) is selected, the DIAL terminals are disconnected and the internal
AM5(e) Classic circuitry is connected.

• MEAS(ure) is the default.

3.3.29 DIAL Terminals: The DIAL terminals permit you to connect a Lineman’s

Handset (also called a “butt set”) to the terminals labelled “TIP” and “RING” on the
AM5 Classic or “A” and ”B” on the AM5(e) Classic.

When the DIAL function has been selected, you can use the Lineman’s Handset to

dial out on the TX/2W connection (either DTMF or MF) to access a test line,
responder, or other location. For pulse dialing, you must set the unit to either 4W (or
4W REVerse with change to the RX connection). This applies to units with software
version 103A and before (refer to 4.6.3, step 3, to determine software used in the
unit.).

After the connection is established, select MEAS(ure) to conduct the test.

November 19, 1997 Page 3-14

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) DESCRIPTION

3.4 REAR PANEL

The rear panel of the AM5(e) Classic is shown in Figure 3-4. The AC power supply

assembly is mounted on the right side of the rear panel. It has a CCE standard V-type
connector for the power cord, a fuse holder for the replaceable 1/2 Ampere fuse, and
a selector switch for 115 V AC or 230 V AC.operation.

CAUTION: Before connecting the Classic to AC Power be sure that the AC Power
selector switch is in the correct position. For more details refer to 3.4.1.

There are five terminals on the lower left side of the rear panel for “permanent”
connections to a line (especially when the AM5(e) Classic is rack mounted).

NOTE: the REVERSE switch on the front panel reverses the functions of both the
front-panel jacks and the rear-panel terminals.

3.4.1 AC Power Selector Switch: This is a red slide switch that is located on the top of

the Power supply. It is used to select between 115 Volt and 230 Volt operation.
Before plugging in the power cord, set this switch to match the power source to
which the power cord is to be connected.

CAUTION: Observe the CAUTION notice printed on the back of the AM5(e)
Classic. When planning to connect the power cord to a 230 volt AC source, be
sure to set this switch to the 230 V position before turning on the power switch.
Damage to the unit will result if 230 V AC is applied with this switch set to 115 V
AC.

3.4.2 Fuse Holder: This holder has a slotted cover which can be unscrewed with a

common blade screwdriver so the fuse may be inspected/replaced. The fuse is 1/2
Ampere 250 V.

3.4.3 Power Plug: This is a 3-pronged male CCE plug for 115V or 230V AC operation.

The mating power cord is supplied. Be sure AC Power Selector switch (3.4.1) is in
the correct position.

3.4.4 Identification Label: This label is attached to the rear of the power supply. The six-

digit Serial Number is coded as follows:

• First two digits: 00 - 52 Week of manufacture

• Second two digits: 00 - 99 Year of manufacture

• Third two digits: 00 - 99 Identification number

For example: Serial Numbers 519207 and 519211 are for two different units
built in the 51st week of 1992, while 529212 would be for a unit built in the
52nd week.

November 19, 1997 Page 3-15

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) DESCRIPTION

3.4.5 Screw Terminal, Ground: This is the same connection as the Sleeve contacts on

the front-panel bantam jacks. Ground (connected at either location)is required for
the reference in the NTG (Noise to Ground) Test. (NTG test is described in Section

6.)

3.4.6 Screw Terminals, T1 and R1: These are the same connections as the Tip and Ring

of the right front-panel bantam jack (RX).

3.4.7 Screw Terminals, T and R: These are the same connections as the Tip and Ring of

the left front-panel bantam jack (TX/2W).

115V/230V voltage selector

Rear support

Rear support

Optional Rear-Panel Self-Test
Connections

T R T1 R1

(TX/2W) (RX)

Power Cord Connection

(Sleeves)

•CAUTION•

VERIFY PROPER VOLTAGE

SELECTION BEFORE

CONNECTING POWER

Figure 3-4 — AM5(e) Classic Rear Panel Drawing

use 1/2A fuse

Location of Fuse Holder

November 19, 1997 Page 3-16

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) DESCRIPTION

3.5 OPTIONAL FACTORY-INSTALLED EQUIPMENT

This sub-section describes the features that must be ordered for the AM5(e) Classic before
shipment. Other accessories that can be ordered at any time are described in sub-section

3.6.

3.5.1 Sealed Lead-Acid Batteries and Integral Charger (Option 24-0017): These

batteries are located inside the case and provide five to eight hours of operation
without any external power connection. The charger permits the batteries to be
charged while the unit is in operation or turned OFF. The battery pack adds
approximately four pounds (1.8 kg) to the weight of the AM5(e) Classic .

3.5.2 Siemens type “banana” input adapter for AM5e Classic only (Option 25-

0041): The “banana” input adapter brings the line connections to two in-line

socket connectors that are designed to mate with lines that are connected with a 3­pronged Siemens-type Banana connector. This is a standard in some European
countries. The adapter is mounted on the bottom of the AM5e Classic , flush with
the front panel. Refer to the front cover of this manual for a view of this unit
mounted underneath the AM5e Classic.

3.5.3 Model 30-0033XT Signaling Adapter with Ring Generator: This is an adapter

unit which is attached to the clips on the left- and right-front sides of the AM5(e)
Classic .
The Signaling Adapter provides Loop Start, Ground Start, DID, and Types I, II,
and III E & M signaling. The adapter also incorporates a ring generator with
manual cadence selection and automatic ring trip.

The adapter supplies both 24 and 48 Volt DC loop supply voltage with a switch
to allow for simulation of a 1240 ohm loop resistance.

LED indicators are provided to indicate signaling status.

Bantam connectors are used for access to E & M, SB/SG, Line Tip and Ring,
and the connection to the AM5(e) Classic.

The Signaling Adapter is separately powered by 115 Volts AC.

For more information refer to the "AM5XT Signaling Adapter Models 30-0033
and 30-0033XT Instruction Manuals" (P/N 180023) or contact Ameritec
Corporation Sales Representative.

Note: "Adapter" is alternate spelling on front panel of this particular unit.

November 19, 1997 Page 3-17

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) DESCRIPTION

3.6 ACCESSORIES

This sub-section describes the accessories for the AM5(e) Classic . These items are not

automatically supplied with the AM5(e) Classic . They must be added to the order by
customer request; however, they can be added in the field if desired.

3.6.1 Line Cables: Three types of Line Cables may be ordered for a front-panel line

connection to the bantam jacks (TX/2W and RX). The cables are six-feet in length
and differ in the terminations to the equipment. Cables are as follows (two must be
ordered for four-wire operation):

• 48-0047 Bantam (M) to Bantam (M) Input Cable

• 48-0048 Bantam (M) to 310 (M) Input Cable

• 48-0062 Bantam (M) to mini-clip Input Cable
Refer to Section 5, Line Connections, for illustrations.

3.6.2 Protective front panel (85-0078): This is a plastic cover which is designed to fit

over the front panel of the AM5(e) Classic . It clips to the slots on either side of the
front panel bezel and protects the front panel from damage.

Note : This cover is not needed if the Model 30-0033XT Signaling Adapter option is ordered.

3.6.3 Padded Carrying Case (87-0070): This case is intended to protect and carry the

AM5(e) Classic to field-testing locations. The AM5(e) Classic can be operated
without removing it from the case. The case is constructed of padded green/grey
heavy canvas and has pouches to hold Instruction Manual, Cables, small tools, and
other items.

3.6.4 19” Rack Mounting Kits (85-0076): This kit (usually ordered before shipment)

provides the brackets for permanent mounting of an AM5(e) Classic in a standard 19
inch rack. Mounting feet and carrying handle are not installed on the AM5(e) Case
when this item is ordered.

3.6.5 19” Rack Mounting Shelf (85-0233): This shelf is similar in purpose to the Rack

Mounting Kit. However, it is specifically designed to be used with an AM5e Classic
with the Siemens-type “banana” input adapter.

(END OF SECTION 3)

November 19, 1997 Page 3-18

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) SELF TEST and CALIBRATION

4. SELF TEST AND CALIBRATION

This section describes procedures to verify that the AM5(e) Classic is working properly.
It also identifies the “factory default” settings and provides a calibration procedure.

4.1 SELF TEST CONFIGURATION

Self tests are performed with the AM5(e) Classic looped back on itself and not
connected to any external equipment.

Signals sent through the transmit (TX/2W) jack are routed directly back to the Receive
(RX) jack through a Bantam Cable (48-0047) plugged into these jacks. If this cable is not
available, a pair of wires may be connected to the rear panel screw terminals (T to T1
and R to R1).

4.2 POWER ON SELF-TEST

To begin a self-test, press the POWER switch in (it will lock). All LEDs will light, all
segments and decimal points will light in the display (“all 8s”), then the words TEST
PASS will be displayed on the display windows on the front panel. These displays will
last for about three (3) seconds. The AM5(e) will then assume its default configuration.

NOTE: If the message “Full Cal ?” appears, it indicates that the user should
perform a calibration check for absolute assurance that the unit will measure
within specifications. This indication should not appear during power turn-on
except at the factory.

4.3 DEFAULT SETTINGS

4.3.1 Function LEDs at Power Turn-on: The following LEDs will be lighted after the
“all 8s”and TEST PASS message has been displayed. These are the “factory
default” settings which place the AM5(e) Classic in its basic mode of operation.
Refer to Figure 3-1 or 3-2 for the locations of the indicators. The following is a list
of LEDs that will be lighted (starting with DISPLAY MEAS and moving counter­clockwise on the front panel):

Function LED

DISPLAY MEAS
MEASURE LEVEL

FREQ

SEND QUIET, SF SKIP, and F1 (flashing)

TX/2W 600Ω
RX 600Ω and TERM

LINE 4W
DIAL MEAS

November 19, 1997 Page 4-1

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) SELF TEST and CALIBRATION

4.3.2 Parameter Settings at Power Turn-on: Many of the functions have parameters
that may be changed for a specific test setup. More detail on the settings of
parameters and measurements are described in Sections 6 and 9 that describe
MEASURE and SEND, respectively. A brief summary follows (Value Range
column shows the minimum <default> and maximum values for parameters):

Function key Function LED Meas*/Parameter Value Range

MEASURE

Use up and down
arrow keys to
step through
measurements.

Use PARAM SEL
key to step
through
parameters.

IMP N
W/T
(Impulse Noise
with tone)

or
IMP
NOISE (without
tone)

*Note: Time,
impulse counters ,
and noise are
measurements
listed in order of
display as up arrow
key is pressed).

TiME
iHi (High,
iMid Middle,
iLo Low

Impulse

Counters)

noiS (Noise)
dur (duration)

iTHd (Impulse
Threshold)

idLT (Impulse
Delta)

bLnc (Blanking
Interval)

0.0 MINutes
0 CNT
0 CNT
0 CNT

(Above data
depend on last test)

uNdr

000.1 <015.0>

999.9 MINutes

20.0 <68.0> 110.0

dBrn (AM5) or

–70 <–-22> +20
dBm (AM5e)

2, 3, <4>, 6 dB

0001 <0125> 0255
mSEC

SEND QUIET

NOTE: Any LEVL
setting affects all
SEND levels.

All Frequency
ranges are 0.020
through 120.0
kHz (or 200.0

LEVL (all SEND

Levels)

F1
F2
F3
F4

-50.0 <00.0> 13.0
dBm
AM5 [AM5e]

0.404 [0.304] kHz

1.004 [1.004] kHz

2.804 [2.004] kHz

2.713 [3.004] kHz
kHz). See Value
Range column

VERsion (typical)

101A

defaults

SEND 1004 Hz LEVL

FrEQuency
LEVL

SEND VAR Hz

FrEQuency
LEVL

SEND SWEEP

STrT Frequency
SToP Frequency
STEP Size

rATE

dLAY (delay)

November 19, 1997 Page 4-2

(all SEND)

1.004 kHz

(all SEND)

1.004 kHz

(all SEND)

0.304 kHz

3.004 kHz

0.100 kHz

000.1 <003.0>

999.9 SEConds

<000.0> 999.9
SEC

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) SELF TEST and CALIBRATION

2. Press the DISPLAY key so that MEAS is lighted to measure the signal from the
equipment or line under test.

or

Press the DISPLAY key so that SEND is lighted to display the output of the
signal generator to the equipment or line under test.

3. Except for IMPulse NOISE measurements, the left display will be a level in dB,
dBm, or dBrn (AM5 Classic only). The right display will be a frequency in kHz.

NOTE: If the level is too low (or nothing is connected) “UndR” will be displayed

in the left window, and the right window will be blank..

4. Press the PARAM SEL key once

5. The first parameter will be displayed. The left window will identify the
parameter, and the right window will show the value. One of the LEDs beside
the displays will be lighted to show the units.

6. Press the PARAM SEL key again. If there is another parameter, it will be
displayed. Otherwise; the unit will return to displaying the SEND or MEAS
function.

4.3.3 Restoring Previous Settings: Whenever the AM5(e) Classic is turned OFF, the
current test settings are stored in its memory. When the unit is turned back ON
the default settings are restored. If the operator wants to return to the settings
just before the power was turned off, follow this procedure:

1. Press the SEND key until QUIET is lighted.

2. Press the DISPLAY key so SEND is lighted.

3. Hold the

key for more than one (1) second.

4. The display will give the power down? parameters prompt.

5. Press the PARAM SEL key to recall all configuration settings and parameters
before the last power down.

NOTE: To escape from the sequence, press the SEND key instead of PARAM SEL/ETR.

6. After parameters have been reset, set the
desired configuration for tests and continue
operations.

(Power)

(Down?)

November 19, 1997 Page 4-3

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) SELF TEST and CALIBRATION

4.5 LOOPBACK TESTS

This sub-section contains some basic procedures for verifying the operation of the
AM5(e) Classic. In these procedures, those steps identified as “(df)” do not have to be
performed if the factory defaults are in effect, as indicated by the LED display
described in the step. If a different display is shown on the panel, or you want to verify
the operation of the key, then perform the step. Press keys momentarily for less than

1 second, until LED indication occurs, unless otherwise directed.

4.5.1 Set up

1. If not already on, turn on the AM5(e) by pressing the power switch to the

ON (locked-in) position. Observe all lighted LEDs, “8.8.8.8. 8.8.8.8” then
“TEST PASS” display, then default configuration (see 4.5.2).

2. Verify that there is a bantam cord connected between the TX/2W jack and

the RX jack, or (alternatively) there is a T <—> T1 and R <—> R1 connection
at the rear-panel terminals.

4.5.2 QUIET Test: This test checks the AM5(e) Classic default settings, and verifies

QUIET mode displays.

1. (df) Press DISPLAY key until MEAS is lighted.

2. (df) Press MEASURE key until LEVEL FREQ is lighted.

3. Press MEASURE key till NOISE is lighted. Verify that FILTER CMSG

(PSHO on AM5e) is lighted, then continue to press MEASURE until
LEVEL FREQ is lighted again.

(df) Press right FILTER key until 60 Hz is

not lighted.

4. (df) Press left SEND key until QUIET is lighted.

Press middle SEND key until SF SKIP is
(df) Press right SEND key until F1 404Hz (F1 304 on AM5e) is flashing.

5. (df) Press left TX/2W key until 600Ω is lighted.

(df) Press right TX/2W key until OFF HOOK is not lighted.

6. (df) Press left RX key until 600Ω is lighted.

(df) Press middle RX key until OFF HOOK is

(df) Press right RX key until TERM is lighted.

7. (df) Press LINE key until 4W is lighted.

8. (df) Press DIAL key until MEAS is lighted.

November 19, 1997 Page 4-4

not lighted.

not lighted.

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) SELF TEST and CALIBRATION

9. Observe indication on display:

• Left display reads “Undr” with dBm lighted.

• Right display is blank, and no LED is lighted.

10. Press DISPLAY key until SEND is lighted and observe

• Dashes are displayed in both displays and no LEDs are lighted.

11. Press PARAM SEL key repeatedly and observe that the displays step

through the SEND QUIET parameters (LEVL, F1, F2, F3, F4 and VEr as
shown in the parameters table under 4.5.1). Stop when the display of step
10 is again reached.

12. Set MONITOR switch to the TX position and turn the volume control all the

way counter-clockwise, then turn back about 1/8 turn.

13. Press the right SEND key briefly until F2 is flashing. Then hold key for over

three seconds (then release) until readings below are checked. Press the key
again briefly to stop the tone when done.

• F2 is lighted, steady.

• Left display reads 00.0 with dBm lighted.

• Right display reads 1.004 with kHz lighted.

• Tone is heard from speaker (stops when key is released)

• Displays go back to those of step 10 (when key is released).

14. Press MEASURE key until NOISE is lighted.

15. Press DISPLAY key until MEAS is lighted.

• Left display reads “undr” with

dBrn lighted (dBm on AM5e Classic)

• Right display is blank and no LEDs are lighted.

16. Set the MONITOR switch to the MEAS position, and turn volume control

knob clockwise slowly until any sound from speaker is at a comfortable
level. The most that should be heard is hiss from the internal electronics of
the AM5(e) Classic since SEND is set to QUIET. Turn volume control back
to about 1/8 turn from full counter-clockwise limit before starting the next
test.

NOTE: When the MONITOR switch is set to MEAS position, the speaker is
connected to an automatic-gain-controlled amplifier used in the NOISE and
auto-ranging features. Even though no signal is connected to the RX jacks,
there will be feed through of tones from the SEND function. If the signal is
looped back, the amplifier will compensate for the input, and the tone will
sound about the same as it will when MONITOR switch is in the TX or RX
position.

November 19, 1997 Page 4-5

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) SELF TEST and CALIBRATION

4.5.3 SEND 1004 Hz Test: This test activates 1.004 kHz continuous test tone, checks
MEASURE functions, and verifies operation of HOLD TONE indicator and
notch filter for noise tests. Unless otherwise indicated, a test cable must be
connected from TX/2W jack to the RX jack (or between rear terminals).

1. Set MONITOR switch to the TX position and turn volume control to about

1/8 turn clockwise (from full counter-clockwise).

2. Press the left SEND key until 1004 Hz is lighted.

• Tone will be heard from speaker.

3. Press MEASURE until LEVEL FREQ is lighted.

4. Press DISPLAY until SEND is lighted

• Left display will read 00.0 ±1 (1.0 through -1.0) with dBm lighted.

• Right display will read 1.004 ±.002 (1.002 through 1.006) with kHz
lighted.

5. Press DISPLAY until MEAS is lighted.

• Displays will read the same as step 4 (assumes TX/2W jack is connected
to RX jack).

6. Set MONITOR switch to RX position.

• Tone will be heard from speaker

7. Press MEASURE key until NOISE is lighted

• For AM5 Classic — Left display will read 90.0 ±1.0 with

• For AM5e Classic – Left display will read 00.0 ±1.0 with dBm lighted.

• Right display will be blank. (Frequency measurement is disabled
during NOISE measurement.)

8. Press MEASURE key until NOISE W/T (Noise with Tone) is lighted.

• Green HOLD TONE LED will be lighted beside left display.

• For AM5 — Left display will read less than 40.0 with dBrn lighted.

• For AM5e – Left display will read less than –50.0 with dBm lighted.

• Right display will read 1.004 kHz

• Tone will be heard from speaker. (Tone will be fainter if MONITOR
switch is set to the MEAS position.)

NOTE: NOISE with Tone incorporates a sharply-tuned notch filter at 1.004 kHz.
This filter keeps the HOLD tone from the measuring circuits. In some cases, this
level will be low enough that “undr” is shown in the left display. In this case, the
right display will be blank.

November 19, 1997 Page 4-6

dBrn lighted.

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) SELF TEST and CALIBRATION

9. Press MEASURE key until S/N RATIO is lighted.

• Green HOLD TONE LED will be lighted beside left display.

• Left display will read greater than 50.0 or “oVEr” with dB lighted (this
indicates a very quiet “line”).

• Right display will read 1.004 ±.002 with kHz lighted.

10. Disconnect test connections from TX/2W to RX. Turn off power then turn it
back on to re-establish the default settings.

NOTE: If a problem is found in any of the checkouts or the Calibration Procedure
contact Ameritec Customer service. See Section 11, Warranty.

4.6 CALIBRATION PROCEDURE

The AM5(e) Classic was calibrated at the Factory for proper measurement accuracy by
loading preset values into its internal RAM. RAM is maintained by a small internal
battery.

During the power-on self-test, the unit will automatically diagnose itself and, if
necessary, provide a display to inform the operator of the need for recalibration.

4.6.1 External Test Equipment: A high-accuracy digital voltmeter must be used to
calibrate the AM5(e) Classic. The voltmeter must measure AC volts RMS, and be
accurate at 1000 Hz within .4%. Minimum
input impedance of the voltmeter should be
200 kΩ..

(Full)

(Calibration?)

A test cable such as the 48-0062 (Refer to
Section 5) may be used to connect the voltmeter leads to the front panel jack.

4.6.2 Calibration Setup

1. Disconnect all self-test or other input or output connections at the AM5(e)

front panel or at the rear panel.

2. Connect leads of the volmeter to RX Jack at the front panel (using test cable)

or make the connection at the T1 and R1 terminals at the rear panel.

November 19, 1997 Page 4-7

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) SELF TEST and CALIBRATION

4.6.3 Calibration Procedure: This procedure may be performed at any time to bring
up the calibration function. If power has just been turned on, the display at step
4 will already have appeared.

1. Press the SEND key until QUIET is lighted.

2. (df) Press the DISPLAY key so that SEND is lighted.

3. Press PARAM SEL/ETR key repeatedly

to step through the QUIET parameter
list. Stop at the Version display.

(VErsion)

(101A – typical)

4. Hold the START/STOP key (adjacent to

IMP NOISE RUNNING LED) for more
than one (1) second until the full

(Full)

(Calibration?)

calibration prompt is displayed.

5. To skip the calibration, press SEND key (QUIET will remain lighted).

or
To go into the full calibration mode of

operation, press the

key.
Selections will go to the defaults, the
1004Hz LED (and tone) will come on, and the display will prompt for the
high calibration (V1).

6. Check the reading on the external voltmeter. The 1.900 display represents
the expected AC RMS value, the actual reading on the voltmeter varies
from unit to unit. If the display is greater than 1.900, turn the power OFF
and restart calibration.

7. Use the

and keys to change the displayed value to agree with the
voltage measured by the voltmeter. This voltage should be larger than 1.200
and smaller than 2.200. If the voltage is outside of these limits, the unit

must be repaired.

8. When the display matches the voltmeter
reading, press

key to accept the
reading and to display the prompt for
low calibration (V2). (The level of the tone will drop).

9. As with V1, the 0.350 represents an expected value. Use the and keys to
change the displayed value to agree with the voltage measured by the
voltmeter. This voltage should be larger than 0.250 and smaller than 0.450.

If the voltage is outside of these limits, the unit must be repaired.

However, if the display is greater than 0.350, turn the power OFF and
restart the calibration.

November 19, 1997 Page 4-8

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) SELF TEST and CALIBRATION

10. Press
reading and display the self calibration
prompt.

11. Disconnect the voltmeter, then press the key to start the self­calibration process.

• MEASURE will automatically go to L/F 15 kHz (L/F UNWTD on

AM5e Classic ) and the appropriate LED will be lighted.

• There will be a SEND display for

the first calibration tone

• The self-calibration process takes about four (4) minutes. During this

time various tone levels will be displayed in the left window, many of
them preceded by a minus sign. (see step 12 for possible error).

• The conclusion of the calibration will occur when the L/F UNWTD LED

will go off, MEASURE will return to LEVEL FREQ lighted, and the
DISPLAY selection will automatically go to MEAS lighted.

• The DISPLAY selection will

automatically go to MEAS and
(since nothing is connected to the
RX jack) will give an under-value reading.

12. ERROR CONDITION: If the unit detects
and error during the calibration process,
an error reading may occur in the right
display window (see example to the right). If this happens turn the unit off
then back on so that the calibration can be performed again. An error may
signify a defective unit, so Ameritec Customer Service should also be
notified for further instructions.

key again to accept the

(typically):

November 19, 1997 Page 4-9

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) LINE FUNCTIONS

)

5. LINE FUNCTIONS

This section describes the Line Functions which set up the 2-Wire
and 4-Wire interfaces to the AM5(e) Classic. It includes a
functional block diagrams to illustrate LINE termination and
signal routing within the unit, drawings of the test connector
cables, and a description of each LINE selection. All line
connections are made to the front panel jacks) or to corresponding

TX/2W RX

RX TX

REVERSE

RT1

T

R1

terminals on the rear panel (shown to the right). Typical test
configurations are also described in this section.

(TX/2W) (RX)

(Sleeves

The AM5(e) Classic line connections are not polarity sensitive. Both the TX/2W T
and R connections and the RX T1 and R1 connections can be reversed without
affecting any measured values.

5.1 LINE CABLES

Figure 5-1 shows the line cables which may be ordered as accessories for the AM5(e)
Classic. The bantam plug on any of the cables plugs into either the TX/2W or RX jack.

The bantam or the PL310 plug on the other end of the 48-0047 or 48-0048 cables can be
plugged into jacks at the Central Office or other connectorized equipment.

The 48-0062 Line Cable has clip leads used to connect to instruments, terminal blocks,
or other non-connectorized circuit points.

BANTAM PLUG

CABLE 48-0047, 6 FT.

BANTAM PLUG

BANTAM PLUG 310 PLUG

NOTE: Cables manufactured before 5/7/92
are GREEN (Ring—B) and RED (Tip—A)
and will not have this color-code label.

CABLE 48-0048, 6 FT.

RED (Ring — B)

ring sleeve

tip

BANTAM PLUG

CABLE 48-0062, 6 FT.

Figure 5-1 — Line Cable Accessories for AM5(e) Classic

November 19, 1997 Page 5-1

GREEN (Tip— A)

BLACK (Sleeve—G)

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) LINE FUNCTIONS

T1

Electronic
Line-Hold

RX

Jack

or

Terminals

OFF

HOOK

RX

Circuit

(on hook)

Impedance

Selections

R1

T

TX/2W

Jack

or

Terminals

Electronic
Line-Hold
Circuit

OFF

HOOK

TX/2W

(on hook)

R

Circuitry shown for LINE 4W Position. In 4W REVerse position T and R are exchanged with T1 and R1.

RX

135

600

450

300

75

67.5

600

450

300

75

67.5

150

1200Ω

900Ω

600Ω

150Ω

135Ω

900

600

TERM

BRDG

TX/2W

Impedance

Selections

RX

1200

200 K

Frequency,

Level,

Noise

MEASURE

Selections

200 K

NTG

MEASURE

Signal

Generator

SEND

Selections

QUIET

SEND

3/1/93

Figure 5–2 — 4-Wire Line Circuit Block Diagram

5.2 FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAMS OF AM5(e) CLASSIC

Figures 5-2 and 5-3 are Block Diagrams of the 4-Wire and 2-Wire line terminating
circuitry. The following sub-sections describe the LINE circuit functions in terms of
front-panel keys and the LEDs that show their selection.

5.2.1 LINE 4W selection: In the 4-Wire configuration (Figure 5-2),
signal flow is from the SEND functions out of the unit via the
TX/2W jack (or rear-panel T and R terminals). Signal flow
from the tested circuit is into the RX jack (or rear-pane T1 and
R1 terminals) and into the MEASURE functions.

5.2.2 LINE 4W REVerse selection: When in the 4-Wire REVerse

4W
REV

4W

2W

2.16µf

2W

configuration, the MEASURE and SEND functions are
switched to the TX/2W and RX jacks, respectively (as
indicated in note on Figure 5-2). The 4W REVerse setting is
also useful for making receive-only measurements on a
TX/2W line. Refer to NOTE at 5.2.11.

LINE

November 19, 1997 Page 5-2

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) LINE FUNCTIONS

November 19, 1997 Page 5-3

T

TX/2W

Jack

or

Terminals

R

Frequency,

Level,

Noise

MEASURE

Selections

NTG

MEASURE

Signal

Generator

SEND

Selections

Electronic
Line-Hold
Circuit

OFF

HOOK

TX/2W

2.16µf

(out)

2W

2.16 µf

LINE

(in)

(on hook)

600
450
300
75

67.5

600
450

300
75

67.5

1200

900
600
150

135

200 K

TX/2W

Impedance

Selections

200 K

QUIET

SEND

3/1/93

Circuit shown for LINE selection in 2W or position.

2W

2.16 µf

Figure 5–3 — 2–Wire Line Circuit Block Diagram

5.2.3 LINE 2W selection: When in the 2-Wire configuration (Figure 5–3), the
MEASURE and SEND functions are both connected to the TX/2W jacks.
However, the RX OFF HOOK, and TERMinating selections are inoperative for
the MEASURE functions. The impedance and loading coil selections are still
reflected at the RX jacks.

NOTE: dbm and dBrn calculation continue to be made based on the RX impedance

selection (see 5.2.7 and 5.2.10).

5.2.4 LINE 2W 2.16µf selection: This is the same as described above, except for the
insertion of a series capacitance of 2.16µf between the TX/2W jacks and the
terminating TX/2W impedances. This selection is typically used with SEND
QUIET mode for return loss measurements from the distant end of the circuit

5.2.5 DIAL terminal DIAL selection: completely
disconnects the TX/2W jack from the internal circuitry
of the unit, and routes the tip and ring leads directly to
the front-panel DIAL terminals. (If 4W REVerse is
selected, the RX jack is routed to the DIAL terminals).

DIAL
MEAS

TIP RING

A circuit connected to the jack is only terminated by an
instrument connected to the DIAL terminals.
Terminals are labelled “TIP” and “RING” for an AM5

DIAL

Classic (shown at right) and “A” and “B” for an AM5e
Classic.

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) LINE FUNCTIONS

November 19, 1997 Page 5-4

5.2.6 TX/2W 135 , 150 , 600 , 900 , 1200 selections:

The SEND impedances are selected by the left
TX/2W front-panel switch, and the corresponding
LEDs are lighted for each impedance selection.

5.2.7 TX/2W OFF HOOK selection: The electronic
equivalent of a loading coil (OFF HOOK) is selected
by the right TX/2W switch.

900

600

150

135

1200

OFF
HOOK

5.2.8 RX 135 , 150 , 600 , 900 , 1200 selections: The
MEASURE impedances are selected by the left RX
front-panel switch, if TERM has been selected by the
right RX switch. If BRDG has been selected, the
impedance selector is disconnected and the

impedance is 50 KΩ or greater. Calculation of dBm

and dBrn is based on the impedance selected (see

5.2.10).

TX/2W

900

600

150

135

1200

OFF
HOOK

TERM

BRDG

5.2.9 RX OFF HOOK selection: The electronic equivalent
of a loading coil (OFF HOOK) is selected by the
middle RX switch. The holding coil presents a DC

resistance of 200 Ω or less while maintaining a high-

RX

impedance to AC.

5.2.10 RX TERM or BRDG selection: The MEASURE impedances are selected by the
left RX front-panel switch, only if TERMinate has been selected by the right RX
switch. If BRDG (Bridging) has been selected, the impedance selector is

disconnected and the impedance at the RX jack is 50 KΩ or greater.

NOTE: dBm and dBrn readings displayed are calculated on the setting of the RX impedance
switch, even though the network has been disconnected by the BRDG selection or because one of
the LINE 2W selections has been made. The formula used is:

dBm = 10 log (E2 X 1000)

R

Where: E = Voltage across the circuit

R = Termination selection for the circuit

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) LINE FUNCTIONS

10

5.2.11 SEND QUIET selection: The signal generator is
disconnected from the line when QUIET has been
selected by the left SEND switch; however the TX/2W
line remains terminated by the selected TX/2W
impedance.

NOTE: For an “open circuit” configuration refer to
the description in sub-section 9.7.

5.2.12 SEND SF SKIP selection: This is a lock-out which
prevents the SEND circuits from sending any
frequencies in the SF signaling band. It has no effect on
the impedance presented to the TX/2W line.

5.2.13 FILTER selections: Noise-Weighting Filters are
selected by the left FILTER key, and are provided to
limit certain parts of the signal spectrum being applied
at the RX jack (or TX/2W in either 2W mode) from
reaching the measure circuits. The filters have no effect
on the impedance presented to the line, but they will
affect the levels measured in accordance with the filter
characteristics. Refer to Section 7 for filters supplied
with the AM5 Classic and Section 8 for filters supplied
with the AM5e Classic.

NOTE: These filters are only switched into the circuitry
when noise measurements are being made. Refer to Section 6.

SWEEP

VAR Hz

1004 Hz

QUIET

SEND

(AM5 Classic)

SWEEP

Hz

1004 Hz

QUIET

SEND

(AM5e Classic)

15kHz

3kHz

PGM

CMSG

SF
SKIP

SF
SKIP

3004Hz

2004Hz

1004Hz

304Hz

WIDE

50kBit

60 Hz

F4
2713Hz

F3
2804Hz

F2
1004Hz

F1
404Hz

F4

F3

F2

F1

5.2.14 FILTER 60 Hz selection: The 60 Hz filter, selected by
the right FILTER key produces a sharp roll-off in low
frequency response below 60 Hz. It takes effect
independently of other FILTER selections. Its primary
purpose is to limit power-line interference from
affecting readings. This filter has no effect on the
impedance presented to the RX line.

November 19, 1997 Page 5-5

FILTER

(AM5 Classic)

UNWTD

RMS

SWTD

Q PEAK

UNWTD
RMS

WIDE

2kHz
FLAT
SWTD

RMS

60 HzPSHO

FILTER

(AM5e Classic)

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) LINE FUNCTIONS

5.2.15 MEASURE NTG selection: When the NTG (Noise to
Ground) function has been selected by the MEASURE
switch, a balanced connection from both sides of the
RX line (or TX/2W line if in a 2-Wire configuration) is
made through 200 KΩ resistors to a high-gain amplifier
which then is connected to the level measurement
circuitry.

The frequency measurement circuitry is disconnected,
and only noise in dBrn (for AM5 Classic) or dBm (for
AM5e Classic) is displayed. (The right display reads
“NTG–”). The ground connection must be made to the
equipment ground for NTG measurements.

NOTE: The sleeve or the rear-panel ground terminal must be
connected to the ground of the equipment being measured.
There is no continuity between the AM5(e) Classic ground
and the chassis or the AC grounding lead.

5.2.16 MONITOR (TX, MEAS, RX) Selections: The monitor
switch (shown with its associated volume control) has
no effect on the line connections. It allows the user to
connect the built-in speaker to the TX/2W circuit, the
RX circuits, or the internal automatic-gain-control
amplifier which is used for RX measurements. The
MEAS selection permits the user to hear low-level
noise on the RX circuit which would be inaudible in the
RX position.

NOISE
W/T

NOISE

L/F
15kHz

LEVEL
FREQ

IMP N
W/T

IMP
NOISE

S/N
RATIO

NTG

MEASURE

(AM5 Classic)

NOISE
W/T

NOISE

L/F
UNWTD

LEVEL
FREQ

IMP N
W/T

IMP
NOISE

S/N
RATIO

NTG

MEASURE

(AM5e Classic)

MONITOR

MEAS

RXTX

5.2.17 DISPLAY (SEND, MEAS) Selections: Like the
MONITOR switch, the DISPLAY selections have no
effect on line connections. The selections of the
DISPLAY key connect the internal level and frequency
measurement circuits to either the TX/2W circuits or
the RX circuits.

NOTE: The MEASURE parameters for IMPulse NOISE (with or without tone)
must be set in the MEAS position (Refer to sub-section 6.7.2). All other
parameters are set in the SEND position (Refer to Section 9).

November 19, 1997 Page 5-6

DISPLAY

SEND

MEAS

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) LINE FUNCTIONS

5.3 LINE TERMINATION IMPEDANCES

For correct level measurements and to ensure that the tested equipment operates
properly, the correct terminating impedance must be selected. The AM5(e) Classic can
terminate TX/2W lines with 135, 150, 600, 900, or 1200 Ω impedance (see 5.2.6).

RX lines may be similarly terminated. In addition for a 4-Wire line, the Bridging position
provides a high-impedance (greater than 50,000 Ω). Bridging is useful where
measurements are made on a circuit between two interconnected pieces of equipment
which are already properly terminated to one another (see 5.2.8).

The terminations provided by the AM5(e) Classic are resistive for AC and open-circuit
for DC. However, for some types of 2-Wire lines, a series capacitance may be inserted
into the circuit through the LINE 2W 2µf selection.

For TX/2W or RX circuits which require a DC path between tip and ring (A and B), the
OFF HOOK selection provides the electronic equivalent of a loading coil. OFF HOOK
provides a DC path of 200Ω or less for DC, while maintaining the AC impedance that
has been selected.

The general guidelines for terminating lines correctly are:

1. For 4-Wire circuits

• Select proper impedance for incoming (RX) line unless the line is already

terminated and the AM5(e) Classic is being used to monitor the line. If
monitoring, set BRDGing and then set the impedance to correspond to the
impedance of the circuit being monitored.

NOTE: Impedance must be set to obtain proper level measurements. This is
necessary because RX level calculation is based on the RX impedance setting. For
more information refer to 5.2.10

• Select proper impedance for outgoing (TX) line.

• If a DC path is required, select OFF HOOK.

2. For 2-Wire circuits

• Select proper impedance for the TX/2W line. To obtain proper level

measurement calculations, set the RX impedance to match since level
measurements are based on the RX impedance settings (see NOTE above).

• If a low-value series capacitance is required, select LINE 2W 2.16µf.

• If a DC path is required, select OFF HOOK.

NOTE: An external instrument connected to the DIAL terminals should also be
set to match the impedance of the TX/2W line that is connected to the TX/2W jack.
No internal AM5(e) Classic circuitry is connected when the DIAL is selected.

5.4 TEST CONFIGURATIONS

There are three basic AM5(e) Classic configurations for testing 2-Wire and 4-Wire
circuits.

November 19, 1997 Page 5-7

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) LINE FUNCTIONS

November 19, 1997 Page 5-8

• End-to-end which requires two AM5(e) Classic units

• Loopback

• Tests with remotely-located responders
The remainder of this sub-section describes these configurations, and their advantages
and disadvantages.

NOTE: End-to-End and responder testing may be performed on either 2-wire or 4-wire lines.
Loopback testing requires a 4-wire line.

5.4.1 End-to-End Testing: Measurements on telephone transmission lines are usually
made by applying an appropriate signal (single tone or a sweep of tones) at one end of
the transmission line and measuring the level at the other end of the circuit.

End-to-end testing is the most reliable method for testing near-to-far impairments and
any differences between near-to-far and far-to-near transmission paths. The major
disadvantage is that it requires a test set and an operator at each end.

Figure 5-4 shows an example end-to-end test situation. Somewhere in a telephone
network, a four-wire circuit carries full-duplex communications between a computer
(CPU) and a terminal device (DTE). MODEMs are used at each end to convert the DC
voltage levels that are required by the CPU and the DTE to tones which are transmitted
over the circuits.

If the circuit does not meet the transmission requirement of the MODEMs due to
inadequate frequency response, signal loss, or excessive noise, there will be errors in the
transmission of data. When this occurs, the MODEMs are disconnected and an AM5(e)
Classic is substituted.

Measurements can then be made in either direction by having the AM5(e) Classic at the
CPU-end SEND while having the AM5(e) Classic at the DTE-end MEASURE. After
checking level, frequency response, and noise, the process is then reversed with the
AM5(e) Classic at the DTE-end SENDing.

C
P
U

Digital

Send/Rcv Signals

AM5(E) CLASSIC

MODEM

R X

T X / 2 W

Modem

Disconnected

Telephone
Network

<RCV>

<SND>

AM5(E) CLASSIC

<SND>

<RCV>

DTE

MODEM

Figure 5-4 — 4-Wire End-to-End Testing Configuration

5.4.2 Loopback Testing: The distant end of a 4-Wire transmission circuit can be
looped back manually by changing cross-connects or by patch cords at a Central Office
or through the use of a remotely-controlled loop-back device such as a Western Electric
Model 829 or an Ameritec AM3-4A Responder. (Responders can do additional tests as
described in 5.4.3).

The AM5(e) Classic at the near end sends (from the TX/2W jack) a signal into the

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) LINE FUNCTIONS

SND pair which travels to the RCV pair at the far end. At the far end the
loopback connection joins the incoming RCV pair to the outgoing SND pair and
the signal is returned to the near end.

The AM5(e) Classic receives the signal (into the RX jack) from the near-end RCV
pair and measurements are made on the incoming signal. By comparing SEND
levels with MEASured levels, line degradation can be measured.

NOTE: A loopback test cannot be done on 2-Wire circuits because signals can not
be sent and measured simultaneously on the same pair.

The advantage of loopback testing is that only one AM5(e) Classic and one
operator is needed at the test site.

Though loopback testing is more convenient and less costly than end-to-end
testing, it is also less reliable. The disadvantage is that it does not identify
transmission impairments in each direction. In fact, a satisfactory loopback
measurement could actually hide impairments in each direction which cancel
each other out.

To perform a loopback test with a Western Electric Model 829 at the far end and
an AM5 Classic at the near end test site:

1. Connect the TX/2W jack to the SND pair of a 4-Wire circuit, and connect the

RX jack to the RCV pair. Ground the sleeves (or ground terminal) to the CO
ground if Noise-to-Ground tests are required.

2. Turn off SF SKIP, if lighted, then send a brief 2713 Hz tone from the AM5

Classic. (If a different loopback frequency is required, set the QUIET mode
parameter for F4 to that frequency before sending the tone.) This will activate
loopback in the distant Model 829.

(To send the tone, repeatedly press the right SEND key until F4 is flashing.
Then press and hold the right SEND key for over three seconds until F4 is
lighted steady. After about five seconds, press the key again briefly to stop the
tone.)

3. As required, SEND the required test signals and make the desired

measurements on the looped back test signal. (If frequency sweeps are made,
be sure SF SKIP is ON to avoid false commands to the Model 829.)

4. To end the test, repeat step 2 to deactivate loopback in the distant Model 829.

5.4.3 4-Wire Testing with Responder: Most of the advantages of both end-to-end and
loopback testing can be achieved if multifunction responders, such as Ameritec’s
AM3-4A (4-Wire DTMF Commandable V.F Responder) or AM3-2 (2-Wire DTMF
Commandable V.F. Responder), are located at the far end of circuits which may
require testing.

Like 4-Wire loopback testing, the use of a responder eliminates the need for
another AM5(e) Classic and operator at the far end. In addition to loopback tests,
the responder can generate tones which can be measured by the AM5(e) Classic;
therefore, one-way impairments from far-to-near and near-to-far end can also be
measured. Figure 5-5 shows a typical 4-wire test configuration using an AM3-4A

November 19, 1997 Page 5-9

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) LINE FUNCTIONS

Responder. An example test procedure follows:

1. Connect the TX/2W jack to the SND pair of a 4-Wire circuit, and connect the

RX jack to the RCV pair. Ground the sleeves (or ground terminal) to the CO
ground if Noise-to-Ground tests are required.

2. Connect a handset (capable of generating DTMF signals) to the DIAL

terminals on the front panel and press the key beside the terminals until DIAL
is lighted. (this disconnects all internal AM5(e) Classic circuitry).

3. Send the required DTMF digits to command the responder into the “milliwatt

mode”; it will send 1004 Hz at 0 dBm. (For this and other responder
commands refer to the AM3-4A Responder Instruction Manual — 18-0025).

4. Press the key beside the DIAL terminals so that MEAS is lighted, then select

MEASURE LEVEL FREQ)..

5. Select the MEASure Display and note the Level and Frequency displayed in

the LED display windows.

6. Repeat steps 2 and 3 with the DTMF digits to command the responder into

loopback mode.

7. Select SEND 1004 Hz (level should be 00.0 dBm) then perform step 5 again to

determine the loopback received Level and Frequency. Compare with the
one-way test to determine impairment in the near-to-far end direction.

8. When finished with the test, repeat steps 2 and 3 with the DTMF digits to

command the responder to “reset” (go into “THRU” data mode).

• LOOPBACK

• QUIET

• SEND TONES

• AMPUTATE

• THRU (Reset)

T R

<SND>

<RCV>

T1 R1

AM3-4A RESPONDER

DT DR

MODEM

DT1 DR1

C
P
U

Digital

Send/Rcv Signals

to DIAL

HANDSET

AM5(E) CLASSIC

MODEM

RX

TX/2W

Modem

Disconnected

Telephone
Network

<RCV>

<SND>

Figure 5-5 – 4-Wire Testing with Responder

5.4.4 2-Wire Testing with Responder: On a 2-Wire network, dial access responders are
very useful in measuring far-to-near impairments. An Ameritec AM3-2C
(Automatic Milliwatt Test Line) or AM3-2A (DTMF Commandable 2-Wire
Responder) can be dialed up over the network by connecting an external handset
to the DIAL terminals of the AM5(e) Classic and selecting the DIAL connection.

Figure 5-6 (shows a 2-Wire network with responders and AM5(e) Classic units at
strategic locations. This configuration allows end-to-end testing (one direction at
a time) between the two AM5(e) Classic units, and allows testing with any
responder in the network from either of the AM5(e) Classic units.

November 19, 1997 Page 5-10

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) LINE FUNCTIONS

November 19, 1997 Page 5-11

AM5(E) CLASSIC

T X / 2 W

HANDSET

to DIAL

PBX

AM5(E) CLASSIC

HANDSET

to DIAL

T X / 2 W

AM3-2A or 2C

Responder

PBX

LOCAL

CO

CO

TIE

TELEPHONE NETWORK

FX

DISTANT

CO

Figure 5-6 — 2-Wire Testing with Responders
A 2-Wire network is typical of a business or residential environment where a user dials
up a distant location (switched access line) through a PBX and/or a Central Office.

The responders are connected to distant telephone numbers just like any other end­instrument. Like any end-instrument, a responder remains on-hook until a ringing
signal is sent to it. It then goes off-hook automatically, (within 2.5 seconds) and applies
a tone (usually 1.004 kHz at -10.0 dBm) to the line. The responder then goes quiet and
waits for DTMF digits which will command it into its various modes of operation or
cause it to go on-hook.

Different DTMF digits can be sent to the responder to command it into its test modes.
The AM3-2C can be used to perform far-to-near tests to determine far-to-near level and
frequency, idle channel noise, and noise with tone.

In addition to the AM3-2C functions, the AM3-2A can also be used to perform far-to­near gain slope and near-to-far level tests. In near-to-far tests the responder receives a
tone from the AM5(e) Classic. Results are then transmitted as a frequency deviation of a
returned signal. This can be observed at the AM5(e) Classic.

Both responders are described in one Instruction Manual, “Model AM3-2A DTMF
Commandable 2 Wire Responder and Model AM3-2C Automatic Milliwatt Test Line
Instruction Manual” (18-0006).

(END OF SECTION 5)

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) MEASURE FUNCTIONS

November 19, 1997 Page 6-1

6. MEASURE FUNCTIONS AND PARAMETERS

The AM5(e) Classic contains highly versatile detectors and filters which are connected
to the receive line under test. The term MEASURE refers to the detection mode that has
been selected by the MEASURE key to detect and display the characteristics of the
received signal. The labels for the LEDs above the MEASURE key are different for the
AM5 Classic and the AM5e Classic to accommodate the characteristics of IEEE
Standard or CCITT Recommendations. The front panel areas for MEASURE functions
are shown below:

AM5 Classic AM5e Classic

This section describes all the MEASURE functions in the order they are selected by each
press of the MEASURE key (bottom to top, left to right). Unless otherwise specified, the
descriptions apply to both the AM5 Classic and the AM5e Classic. Views of the LED
indicators and displays showing typical readings are provided. A lighted LED is shown
by shading, as shown by above defaults.

If the LINE selection is 4W , the signal being measured must be connected to the RX
jack (or T1 and R1 terminals).

If the LINE selection is 4W REVerse, 2W, or 2W+2.16µf, the signal being measured
must be connected to the TX/2W jack (or T and R terminals).

For NTG (Noise-to-Ground) measurements, a reference ground must be connected to
the ground terminal on the rear panel or to the sleeve terminal of the RX (or TX/2W)
bantam jack.

Impulse Noise (IMP NOISE) and Impulse Noise with Tone (IMP N W/T) are the only
MEASURE functions that have parameters.

MEASURE

NOISE

NOISE

L/F

LEVEL

IMP N

S/N

W/T

IMP

NOISE

RATIO

W/T

15kHz

FREQ

NTG

MEASURE

NOISE

NOISE

L/F

LEVEL

IMP N

IMP

S/N

W/T

NOISE

RATIO

W/T

UNWTD

FREQ

NTG

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) MEASURE FUNCTIONS

November 19, 1997 Page 6-2

6.1 MEASURE LEVEL AND FREQUENCY (LEVEL FREQ)

To measure level and frequency, an auto-ranging amplifier, average detector, and
frequency counter are connected to the signal. A 120 kHz low-pass filter is used for full
bandwidth operation. (In the -200 kHz models a 200 kHz filter is used). The detected
average voltage is converted to dBm, based on the impedance selected for the RX line.

To display the measured level and frequency, select MEAS with the DISPLAY key. If
the incoming level is 1004 Hz at a level of –10 dBm, the display will appear as shown
below.

If there is power line interference present on the circuit that could interfere with the
measurement, select the 60 Hz filter by pressing the right FILTER key so the 60 Hz LED
is lighted.

NOTE: None of the filters, selectable by the left FILTER key, apply to the Level
and Frequency measurements; their LEDs are not lighted.

If high frequencies are of no interest, use the narrow band
measurement function described in the next sub-section.

6.2 MEASURE LEVEL AND FREQUENCY,
NARROW BAND (L/F 15 kHz or L/F UNWTD)

This is a level and frequency measurement which includes a low-pass filter in the
measurement circuits. It is useful for making measurements on voice-band circuits
where high-frequency components are of no interest or could interfere with
measurements. The filter has the following characteristics:

• AM5 Classic 15 kHz low-pass

• AM5e Classic Low Frequency (Sound) Unweighted 30 Hz to 20 kHz

6.3 MEASURE IDLE LINE NOISE (NOISE)

The Noise selection is a high-gain measurement of level only. It is designed to make
“Idle Line” measurements. Level is displayed in the left display window, and the right
window is unlighted. Noise measurement range and accuracy are as follows:

• AM5 Classic 10 to 20 dBrn at ±2 dBrn; 20 to 100 dBrn at ±1 dBrn with CMSG
filter selected.

• AM5e Classic 80 to -70 dBm at ± 2 dBm; -70 to +10 dBm at ±1 dBm with
PSHO Filter selected.

LEVEL
FREQ

HOLD TONE

MEAS

L/F

15kHz

L/F

UNWTD

NOISE

DISPLAY

SEND

dB

dBm
d

Brn

mSEC

KHz

SEC

MIN

CNT

AM5

AM5e

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) MEASURE FUNCTIONS

November 19, 1997 Page 6-3

6.3.1 Units of Noise Measurement: For noise measurements, the voltage of the
received signal is measured with an RMS detector on an AM5 Classic. For an
AM5e Classic both RMS detection and Quasi-Peak (Q PEAK) detection is
available. Q PEAK detection (and appropriate filtering) is selected with the
FILTER key.

The voltage is first converted to dBm. The RX impedance selected determines the
voltage to dBm conversion.

In an AM5e Classic the dBm measurements are displayed in the left display. For
example, if the noise level were -40 dBm, the display would appear as follows:

In an AM5 Classic, the reading is further converted to dBrn (decibels relative
noise). The dBrn measurement is designed to present a 0 reading for an
optimally quiet line (-90 dBm) and is determined by the formula dBrn = dBm +

90. A –40 dBm noise level would read 50 dBrn on an AM5 Classic as below:

A comparison of dBm and dBrn units of measurement is shown in Figure 3-3
and below:

HOLD TONE

MEAS

HOLD TONE

MEAS

SEND

DISPLAY

dB

dBm

mSEC

SEND

DISPLAY

dB

dBm
d

Brn

mSEC

Relative zero reference for dB readings can be
established at any point. Example below.

0

+50 dB

Intensity of 1 milliwatt of power

-90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 +10 dBm

KHz

SEC

MIN

CNT

KHz

SEC

MIN

CNT

0 +10 +20 +30 +40 +50 +60 +70 +80 +90 +100 dBrn

-90 dBm for zero reference point of d B rn noise measurements.

2/26/93

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) MEASURE FUNCTIONS

November 19, 1997 Page 6-4

6.3.2 Test Setup for Idle Line Noise: For a typical noise measurement, there must be
no signal on the received line. For end-to-end tests using AM5(e) Classic units,
the far-end unit SEND function should be set to QUIET while the near-end unit
MEASURE function is set to NOISE. (Refer to Figures 5-3, 5-4, and 5-5 for
typical locations of equipment).

Where a responder is installed at the far-end, an external handset should be
connected to the DIAL terminals, the DIAL function selected, and the
responder’s number called. When the responder answers, send the appropriate
code to put it into the QUIET mode.

For loopback tests, one AM5(e) Classic is used. The SEND selection is QUIET
and the MEASURE selection is NOISE.

6.3.3 Noise Weighting Filters: The default filter selection is usually used for idle­line noise measurements (CMSG for the AM5 Classic; PSHO for the AM5e
Classic). Other filters may be selected by the left FILTER key to “weight” the
measurement over the band of frequencies that is important for the circuit. Noise
Weighting Filters for the AM5 Classic and AM5e Classic are described in detail
in Sections 7 and 8, respectively. A summary of filters will also be found in sub­section 3.3.17.

6.4 MEASURE NOTCH NOISE (NOISE W/T)

The Noise with Tone test (also referred to as Notch Noise test) measures noise on a
circuit which has a 1004 Hz tone applied to it. (On many types of circuits a signal is
required to hold the circuit active.) The tone is removed in the measuring circuit of the
AM5(e) Classic through a 1010 Hz notch filter, then the residual noise is measured.
Both level and frequency displays operate when this function is selected. (See 6.3 for
units of noise measurement).

6.4.1 Validity of Notch Noise: In order for a Notch Noise measurement to be valid,
the AM5(e) Classic must be receiving a tone as indicated by HOLD TONE being
lighted (green). When HOLD TONE is lighted it indicates that the received
signal is at a frequency of 995 Hz to 1025 Hz at a level greater than –40 dBm.
(individual units may vary slightly in this range). If there is measurable noise,
the noise will be displayed in the left display and the frequency of the hold tone
will show in the right display.

The UNDR (under-range) indication will be displayed, if the noise is below the
measurement range, and the frequency will not be shown:

NOISE
W/T

HOLD TONE

MEAS

DISPLAY

SEND

dB

dBm
d

Brn

mSEC

KHz

SEC

MIN

CNT

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) MEASURE FUNCTIONS

November 19, 1997 Page 6-5

6.4.2 Test Setup for Notch Noise: For a typical notch noise measurement, there must
be a hold-tone signal on the measured circuit. For end-to-end tests using AM5(e)
Classic units, the far-end unit SEND function should be set to 1004 Hz at a level
sufficient to ensure a received level of greater than -40 dBm, while the near-end
MEASURE function is set to NOISE W/T. (Refer to Figures 5-3, 5-4, and 5-5 for
typical locations of equipment).

Where a responder is installed at the far-end, an external handset should be
connected to the DIAL terminals, the DIAL function selected, and the
responder’s number called. When the responder answers, send the appropriate
code to put it into the “send 1004 Hz” mode.

For loopback tests, one AM5(e) Classic is used. The SEND selection is 1004 Hz
and the MEASURE selection is NOISE W/T.

6.4.3 Noise Weighting Filters: The default filter selection is usually used for Notch­Noise measurements (CMSG for the AM5; PSHO for the AM5e Classic). Other
filters may be selected by the left FILTER key to “weight” the measurement over
the band of frequencies that is important for the circuit. Filters are described in
detail in Sections 7 and 8. A summary of filter types will also be found in sub­section 3.3.17.

6.5 MEASURE NOISE TO GROUND (NTG)

Noise-to-Ground is measured by internally summing the signals on the Tip and Ring
wires on the measured circuit within the AM5(e) Classic, then measuring the noise
through a selected filter, with reference to ground.

The ground reference must be connected through the ground screw terminal on the
rear panel (Figure 3-4) or through the sleeve contact of the RX (or TX/2W if in a 2-Wire
LINE selection) bantam jack.

6.5.1 Noise to Ground Measurement Range: The range of the noise to ground
measurements differs from those shown in sub-section 6.3 in that the range is
shifted toward the high-level end as follows:

• AM5 Classic 40 to 129 dBrn at ±1.5 dBm

• AM5e Classic –50 to +39 dBm at ±1.5 dBm
The NTG level is displayed in the left display window, while the right display

window is not used. If the NTG level is below those shown above, “undr” is
displayed. (Refer to example under 6.4.1). The following shows a 100 dBrn
measurement (on an AM5 Classic). The AM5e Classic would read 10 dBm (not
shown) for the same noise level.

NTG

HOLD TONE

MEAS

SEND

DISPLAY

dB

dBm
d

Brn

mSEC

KHz

SEC

MIN

CNT

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) MEASURE FUNCTIONS

November 19, 1997 Page 6-6

6.5.2 Test Setup for NTG: A noise-to-ground test does not require any external
equipment, but the correct impedance for the line being measured should be set
by the RX key. Though signals may be applied between the Tip and Ring leads
of the RX line, these will not affect the test results unless the line is unbalanced.

6.5.3 Noise Weighting Filters: The default filter selection is usually used for NTG
measurements (CMSG for the AM5; PSHO for the AM5e Classic). Other filters
may be selected by the left FILTER key to “weight” the measurement over the
band of frequencies that is important for the circuit. Filters are described in
detail in Sections 7 and 8. A summary of filter types will also be found in sub­section 3.3.17.

6.5.4 NTG and SEND functions: Selection of NTG affects the functions controlled by
the SEND key. For NTG readings, QUIET must be selected, and both SEND
displays will show dashes. QUIET parameters may be changed while in the
NTG position.

If any other left SEND key functions are selected, “nTG-” is displayed in the
right window, and 1004 Hz, VAR Hz, and SWEEP functions are disabled
(regardless of their LED indicator status), and their parameters cannot be
changed.

HOLD TONE

MEAS

S/N
RATIO

DISPLAY

SEND

dB

dBm
d

Brn

mSEC

KHz

SEC

MIN

CNT

The single-tones selected by the right SEND key can still be used to send signals
out of the TX/2W jack. When a single tone is sent, Level and Frequency are
displayed.

6.6 SIGNAL-TO-NOISE RATIO (S/N RATIO)

The Signal-to-Noise Ratio measurement is similar to the Noise with Tone measurement.
A 1004 Hz test tone is expected on the measured circuit. The valid signal range is –40 to
+10 dBm.

The receive circuit contains an average detector, a notch filter (previously described
under 6.4), a noise weighting filter, and an RMS detector. The AM5e Classic provides
Quasi-Peak (Q-PEAK) or RMS Detectors which may be switched (along with associated
filters) by the FILTER key.

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) MEASURE FUNCTIONS

November 19, 1997 Page 6-7

6.6.1 Signal-to-Noise Ratio Measurements: The range of the S/N Ratio
measurements is 10 to 50 dB with accuracy as follows:

• 10 to 40 dB at ±1 dB

• 40 to 45 dB at ±2 dB

• 45 to 50 dB at ±3 dB
The measurement technique for S/N Ratio incorporates the following steps

which are automatically repeated while the measurement is being made:

1. The average detector measures the amplitude of a received holding tone

(1004 Hz) and keeps this value in memory. This is the “signal” reading.
The incoming signal range is -40 to +10 dB.

2. The 1004 Hz signal is notched out, and the RMS (or Q-PEAK) detector

measures the signal again. This is the “noise” reading.

NOTE: The “noise” reading, could be 0 to 40 dBrn (–90 to -50 dBm) for a –40
dBm holding tone, up to 40 to 80 dBrn (–50 to 0 dBm) for a +10 dBm holding
tone. If the “noise” reading is less than 20 dBrn (–70 dBm), the accuracy of the
computed S/N ratio is reduced to ±2 dBm unless CMSG or PSHO filter is used.

3. A computation occurs which determines the difference, in dB between the

“signal” (step 1) and the “noise” (step 2). The result is the signal-to-noise
ratio.

4. This value is displayed in the left display window as a range of 10 to 50

dB. The holding tone frequency is displayed in the right display window.
For example, a measured S/N ratio of 30 dB and 1004 Hz hold tone
would be displayed as follows:

HOLD TONE

MEAS

HOLD TONE

MEAS

SEND

DISPLAY

For a line that is so quiet that the S/N ratio exceeds 50 dB, the left
window will show “oVEr” as illustrated below:

SEND

DISPLAY

A very noisy line (worse than 10 dB), would show “undr” and the right
window would be blank. The HOLD TONE indicator will be lighted but
kHz is not. Tones outside the notch band are treated as noise and may be
filtered.

dB

dBm
d

Brn

mSEC

dB

dBm
d

Brn

mSEC

KHz

SEC

MIN

CNT

KHz

SEC

MIN

CNT

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) MEASURE FUNCTIONS

November 19, 1997 Page 6-8

6.6.2 Test Setup for S/N Ratio: For S/N Ratio measurement there must be a hold-tone
signal on the measured circuit. For end-to-end tests using AM5(e) Classic units,
the far-end unit SEND function should be set to 1004 Hz at a level of greater than

-40 dBm, while the near-end unit MEASURE function is set to S/N RATIO
(Refer to Figures 5-3, 5-4, and 5-5 for typical locations of equipment).

Where a responder is installed at the far-end, an external handset should be
connected to the DIAL terminals, the DIAL function selected, and the
responder’s number called. When the responder answers, send the appropriate
code to put it into the “send 1004 Hz” mode.

For loopback tests, one AM5(e) Classic is used. The SEND selection is 1004 Hz
and the MEASURE selection is NOISE W/T.

6.6.3 Noise Weighting Filters: The default filter selection for S/N Ratio
measurements (CMSG for the AM5 Classic and PSHO for the AM5e Classic) are
normally used. Other filters may be selected by the left FILTER key to “weight”
the measurement over the band of frequencies that is important for the circuit.

On an AM5e Classic, two of the filter selections also select the Q-Peak detector.
The remaining filters provide RMS detection. Filters are described in detail in
Sections 7 and 8. A summary of filter types will also be found in sub-section

3.3.17.

6.7 IMPULSE NOISE WITHOUT TONE (IMP NOISE) or
IMPULSE NOISE WITH TONE (IMP N W/T)

6.7.1 General Description of Impulse Noise Measurement: Impulse noise testing is a
timed study which counts and stores the number of noise pulses that exceed
each of three levels (thresholds). The use of a holding tone is optional for
impulse noise tests, and this description applies to either selection.

NOTE: Information on setup for noise tests and filters is provided in sub-sections

6.7.4 through 6.7.6.

The time over which the test will be run is set by a duration parameter (“dur”).
The lowest level noise threshold is set by the impulse threshold (“iTHd”)
parameter.

The two higher-level thresholds are set by the delta threshold (“idLT”)
parameter. The delta determines the level interval between the thresholds and
can be set at 2, 4, or 6 dB. To control the way that the pulses are counted, a
blanking interval parameter (“bLnC”) is also provided. This parameter is used
by the blanking interval counter.

When a pulse first exceeds a threshold, it is counted. Then the blanking interval
counter starts. While the blanking interval is in effect, no further pulses will be
counted. The purpose of the blanking interval is to minimize the effect of ringing
on the count by providing a time for the ringing to die down.

IMP
NOISE

• •

IMP N

W/T

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) MEASURE FUNCTIONS

November 19, 1997 Page 6-9

Without a blanking interval, several counts could be made immediately
after the first pulse, due to secondary pulses caused by ringing. (For more
explanation and a graphic representation, refer to 6.7.3).

After the parameters are set, the measurement display must be selected.

Then the impulse noise test is started by pressing the START/STOP key.
When the key is pressed, the IMPULSE NOISE RUNNING indicator
flashes and a running count is kept of the number of pulses that exceed
each threshold.

NOTE: While the Impulse Noise test is running, the MEASURE key is
inoperative.

While the test is running, the elapsed time (“TiME”), can be displayed
and will count up by .1 minute (6 second) steps. The three impulse noise
counters (“iLo”, “iMid”, and “iHi”) and noise on the circuit (“noiS”) may
be displayed while the test is in progress. Counter and time
measurements are saved after the test is stopped.

The test stops automatically when the time set by the duration parameter
is reached. The test also may be stopped while the test is running by
pressing the START/STOP key.

6.7.2 Impulse Noise Measurements, Parameters, and Procedure: The

following procedure displays the impulse noise measurements (Figure 6-

1) and displays/or sets the impulse noise parameters (Figure 6-2). Finally,
it runs the test:

1. Press the MEASURE key until the IMP NOISE or IMP N W/T
indicator is lighted.

2. Be sure that the DISPLAY key is in the MEASure position.

3. The left display should identify one of the measurements; the
appropriate indicator will also be lighted.

Display Measurement Range LED

TiME Minutes 0.1 — 999.9 MIN
iHi High threshold impulse count 0 — 9999 CNT
iMid Mid threshold impulse count 0 — 9999 CNT
iLo Low threshold impulse count 0 — 9999 CNT
noiS Noise on line (AM5) 30.0 — 110.0 dBrn

(AM5e) –60.0 — 10.0 dBm

NOTE: Time of 0.0 and counts of 0 will be displayed if the test has never been run before.

If tests have been run before, the measurements from the last test will be shown until

reset by starting another impulse noise test. Noise is always displayed as received (even

when test is not running).

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) MEASURE FUNCTIONS

November 19, 1997 Page 6-10

Press to leave displayed
measurement and display
first parameter (Figure 6-2)

PARAM

SEL

PRESS TO START OR
STOP NOISE TEST
(IMP NOISE or
IMP N W/T)

SEND
MEAS

DISPLAY

Press to cycle
measurement
up or down
in direction
of arrows

One of IMP NOISE or IMP N W/T measurements is displayed unless
parameters have been selected. Measure examples below:

dB

dBm
dB r n

mSEC

HOLD TONE

Lighted for received 1004 Hz on IMP N W/T selection

dBm

dB r n

AM5e LED & received 0 level reading.

mSEC

AM5 LED & received 0 level reading.

KHz
SEC

MIN

CNT

LED flashes

while

test is running.

IMPULSE

START

STOP

Display if no hold tone is
received on INP N W/T test.

NOISE

RUNNING

Noise reading for very quiet line.

Low, Middle, and High Threshold Counters.

Figure 6-1 — Impulse Noise Measurement Selection/Display

4 The right display will display a time, impulse counter, or a noise

measurement. In Figure 6-1, the example 90 dBrn reading (0 dBm on an
AM5e Classic) would occur if a 1004 Hz “noise” signal at 0 dBm were
being received for a MEASURE selection of IMP NOISE.

That same signal with a MEASURE selection of IMP N W/T would
probably display “undr” if the line was very quiet.

5. To display additional measurements press the up- or down-arrow key.

The identification and the current value will be displayed (refer to step 3
and Figure 6-1).

6. To display the first parameter (duration), press the PARAMeter SELect

key once. (Refer to Figure 6-2).

CNT

10/31/94

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) MEASURE FUNCTIONS

November 19, 1997 Page 6-11

Press to select and step through
parameters and back to
measure display (Figure 6-1)

PARAM

SEL

Selects flashing mode.

To change any single digit
of parameter, press the
left-arrow key then use the
up- or down-arrow keys in
the flashing-digit mode.

DO NOT CHANGE
PARAMETERS WHILE
TEST IS RUNNING

To last-displayed measure­ment (Figure 6-1).

SEND
MEAS

DISPLAY

Press to
increase or
decrease
value.

The IMP NOISE or IMP N W/T parameters are displayed as
PARAM SELect is pressed. Default examples below:

dB

dBm
dB r n

mSEC

HOLD TONE

dBm

dB r n
mSEC

mSEC

AM5e LED and default value

AM5 LED and default value

dB

Figure 6-2 — Impulse Noise Parameters Selection/Display

7. The left display will identify the parameter and the right display will
show the value. Each time the PARAMeter SELect key is pressed,
additional parameters are displayed as shown below:

KHz
SEC

MIN

CNT

10/31/94

Display Parameter Range <default> LED

dur duration 0.1 <15.0> 999.9 MIN
iTHd impulse (low-level) (AM5) 20 <68.0> 110 dBrn

threshold (AM5e ) –70 <–22> 20 dBm

idLT impulse delta 2, <4>, 6 dB

(interval between low, medium
and high thresholds)

bLnC blanking interval 0.0 <125> 255 mSEC

8. After all parameters have been displayed, the last selected measurement
will be displayed (Figure 6-1). (See steps 3 and 4).

9. To set a different parameter press the PARAMeter SELect key until the
parameter is identified in the left window.

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) MEASURE FUNCTIONS

November 19, 1997 Page 6-12

10. To set a displayed parameter value, use the arrow keys, as needed.

11. Repeat steps 8 through 10 until all values desired have been set. Then
select measurements (step 8).

12. To run the impulse noise test, press the START/STOP key. The IMPULSE
NOISE RUNNING indicator will flash while the test is being run.

NOTE: For Impulse Noise with Tone test, “no TonE” will be displayed and test
will not start if hold tone is not being received by the AM5(e) Classic

13. To observe the measurements while the test is running, press up- or
down-arrow key until the desired measurement is displayed.

14. The test will stop when the duration has been reached, or the test may be
stopped manually by pressing the START/STOP key so the IMPULSE
NOISE RUNNING indicator is not lighted.

15. After the test is stopped, the final measurements should be reviewed by
performing steps 2 – 5.

6.7.3 Evaluation of Measurement Data: Although the noise, and counters can
be observed while the test is in progress, the final evaluation should be
made after the test has stopped.

Figure 6-3 graphically shows an impulse noise test. Default parameters
are shown in bold boxes and type, while example final measurements are
shown in light boxes and type.

1. While the test is running, impulse spikes that exceed one of the three
thresholds set the counters as shown by sequence number following each
spike.

2. The blanking interval, shown by cross-hatch, prevents any counts from
being registered for a short period of time after a pulse is received. This is
illustrated in Figure 6-3 by the uncounted spikes within the cross-hatched
areas.

3. Noise is constantly measured. For an AM5 Classic the measurement will
reflect the average RMS measurement in dBrn.

For an AM5e Classic, the noise measurement will reflect the average RMS
noise unless either UNWTD Q PEAK or SWTD Q PEAK filter was
selected for Q PEAK detection. The Q PEAK measurement will be for
peak noise. All AM5e Classic measurements are in dBm.

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) MEASURE FUNCTIONS

November 19, 1997 Page 6-13

4. The test may be stopped manually, or it will stop automatically when the
duration is reached.

5. After the test is stopped, the final impulse counter measurements may be
examined.

6. Calculation will be required to determine the absolute number of lower­level impulses, since the lower counters are set by higher-level impulses.

(e.g: iLo - iMid = iLo

abs

; iMid - IHi = iMid

abs

)

iMid 3

iLo 5

TiMe 015.0

always measured

Parameters

Measurements

iTHd

68.0
–22.0

bLnC

1

1

2

3

2

1

2

3

4 5

76 dBrn

-14 dBm

idLT 4

72 dBrn

-18 dBm

dBrn is for AM5 Classic

68 dBrn

-22 dBm

dBm is for AM5e Classic

noiS

Final

iHi 2

dur 015.0

START

STOP

(Flashing LED)

Figure 6–3 — Illustration of Impulse Noise Measurement

Automatic stop at duration

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) MEASURE FUNCTIONS

November 19, 1997 Page 6-14

6.7.4 Test Setup for Impulse Noise without Tone: For a typical impulse noise
without tone measurement, there should be no signal on the measured circuit.

For end-to-end tests using AM5(e) Classic units, the far-end unit SEND function
should be set to QUIET while the near-end unit MEASURE function is set to IMP
NOISE. (Refer to Figures 5-3, 5-4, and 5-5 for typical locations of equipment).

Where a responder is installed at the far-end, an external handset should be
connected to the DIAL terminals, the DIAL function selected, and the
responder’s number called (refer to sub-section 3.3.29). When the responder
answers, send the appropriate code to put it into the QUIET mode.

For loopback tests, one AM5(e) Classic is used. The SEND selection is QUIET
and the MEASURE selection is IMP NOISE.

6.7.5 Test Setup for Impulse Noise with Tone: For Impulse Noise with Tone
measurement there must be a hold-tone signal on the measured circuit.

For end-to-end tests using AM5(e) Classic units, the far-end unit SEND function
should be set to 1004 Hz (at a level sufficient to ensure a received level of greater
than -40 dBm so that the HOLD indicator is lighted).

The near-end unit MEASURE function is set to IMP N W/T (Refer to Figures 5-3,
5-4, and 5-5 for typical locations of equipment).

Where a responder is installed at the far-end, an external handset should be
connected to the DIAL terminals, the DIAL function selected, and the
responder’s number called (refer to sub-section 3.3.29). When the responder
answers, send the appropriate code to put it into the “send 1004 Hz” mode.

For loopback tests, one AM5(e) Classic is used. The SEND selection is 1004 Hz
and the MEASURE selection is IMP NOISE W/T.

6.7.6 Noise Weighting Filters: The default filter selection for impulse noise
measurements (CMSG for the AM5 Classic and PSHO for the AM5e Classic) are
normally used. Other filters may be selected by the left FILTER key to “weight”
the measurement over the band of frequencies that is important for the circuit.

On an AM5e Classic, two of the filter selections also select the Q-Peak detector.
The remaining filters provide RMS detection.

Filters are described in detail in Sections 7 and 8. A summary of filter types will
also be found in sub-section 3.3.17.

(END OF SECTION 6)

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) AM5 CLASSIC FILTERS

110

0

7. IEEE NOISE WEIGHTING FILTERS FOR AM5 CLASSIC

This Section describes the filters that are supplied with the AM5
Classic. Except for the 60 Hz filter, which is common to the AM5
and the AM5e Classic, the filters described comply with the
IEEE 743-1984 Standards and are used for noise measurements
described in Section 6 (sub-sections 6.3 through 6.7). The front

15kHz

3kHz

PGM

CMSG

WIDE

50kBit

60 Hz

panel area for FILTER is shown to the right. Default selections
are shown by shading.

NOTE: The default indication for CMSG does not apply to the
default MEASURE LEVEL FREQ selection. The CMSG
default will come on when any MEASURE noise function is

FILTER

selected, then go out when MEASURE LEVEL FREQ or L/F 15 kHz are
selected. No Noise weighting filter can be selected while LEVEL FREQ or L/F 15
kHz are selected.

A low-pass filter (L/F 15 kHz) can be selected by the MEASURE key for
level/frequency measurements only. The response of this filter rolls off frequencies
above 15 kHz (refer to 7.3).

A 995 Hz to 1025 Hz notch filter is automatically switched in when measuring noise
with (1004 Hz) tone, impulse noise with tone, or signal-to-noise ratio (NOISE W/T,
IMP NOISE W/T, S/N RATIO). This filter is not illustrated.

7.1 NOISE WEIGHTING FILTERS

Noise weighting filters are selected by each press of the left FILTER key (bottom to top,
left to right). Other than the lighted LED, there are no displays or parameters
associated with the FILTER selections.

Only one noise weighting filter can be selected at a time, but the 60 Hz filter (refer to

7.2) may be selected in addition to the noise weighting filter to eliminate AC power
interference. The noise weighting selections are summarized below, and the curves for
the filters are shown in the referenced figures.

FILTER DESCRIPTION IEEE/Bell STANDARD CURVE

CMSG C-Message bandpass 743-1984/41009 Figure 7-1
PGM Program bandpass “ Figure 7-2
3 kHz 3 kHz low pass (3 dB down

“ Figure 7-3
@ 3 kHz, 12 dB/octave
rolloff.

15 kHz 15 kHz low pass (3 dB

“ Figure 7-4
down @ 15 kHz, 12
db/octave rolloff.

50 kBit Combination low pass and

“ Figure 7-5
high pass.

WIDE 20 Hz to 120 kHz (-120)

20 Hz to 160 kHz (-200)

“ Figure 7-6

Figure 7-7

November 19, 1997 Page 7-1

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) AM5 CLASSIC FILTERS

0

10

20

30

40

LOSS (dB) RELATIVE TO 1000 Hz

50

60

50 60 80 100 200 300 400 500 600 800 1000 1500 2000 3000 4000 5000

FREQUENCY

CMSG Filter

CMSG WEIGHTING CHARACTERISTIC

Frequency
(Hz)

60
100
200
300
400
500
600
600
800
900
1000
1200

Design Loss
(dB) & Tolerance

55.7 ± 2 dB

42.5

25.1

16.3

11.2 ± 1 dB

7.7

5.0

2.8

1.3

0.3

0.0 0 dB

0.4 ± 1 dB

Frequency
(Hz)

1300
1500
1800
2000
2500
2800
3000
3300
3500
5000
4500
5000

Design Loss
(dB) & Tolerance

0.7 ± 1 dB

1.2

1.3

1.1

1.1

2.0

3.0 ± 2 dB

5.1

7.1 ± 3 dB

14.6

22.3

28.7

See Note

NOTE: Attenuation continues to increase at a rate of not less than 12 dB per
octave until it reaches a value of 60 dB.

Figure 7-1 — CMSG Bandwidth Filter (CMSG)

2/15/93

November 19, 1997 Page 7-2

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) AM5 CLASSIC FILTERS

– 10

– 5

0

5

10

15

LOSS (dB) RELATIVE TO 1000 Hz

20

25

100 200 300 400 600 800 1K 2K 3K 4K 6K 8K 10K

FREQUENCY kHz

02/15/93

Program Weighting

PROGRAM WEIGHTING CHARACTERISTIC

Frequency

(Hz)

100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000

Design Loss

(dB) & Tolerance

26.3 ± 2 dB

17.3

12.2

9.0

6.6 ± 1 dB

4.7

3.2

2.0

0.8

0.0 Ref

1500
2000
2500
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000

Frequency

(Hz)

Design Loss
(dB) & Tolerance

– 3.2 ± 1 dB
– 4.8 ± 2 dB
– 5.6
– 6.0
– 6.5
– 6.5 ± 3 dB
– 6.4
– 5.8
– 4.0 ± 4 dB
– 1.5

8.5

See Note

NOTE: Attenuation continues to increase at a rate not less than 12 dB per
octave until the insertion loss is not less than 60 dB.

Figure 7–2 — Program Bandpass Filter (PGM)

November 19, 1997 Page 7-3

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) AM5 CLASSIC FILTERS

.

– 10

– 5

0

5

10

15

LOSS (dB) RELATIVE TO 1000 Hz

20

25

100 200 300 400 600 800 1K 2K 3K 4K 6K 8K 10K

FREQUENCY kHz

2/16/93

3 kHz Lo Pass

3 kHz WEIGHTING CHARACTERISTIC

Frequency

(Hz)

500
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000

Design Loss

(dB)

0.0

0.1 (Ref)

0.8

3.0

6.2

9.4

6000
7000
8000
9000
10000

Frequency

(Hz)

Design Loss

(dB)

12.3

14.9

17.1

19.1

21.0
See Note

NOTE: Attenuation continues to increase at a rate not less than 12 dB per
octave until the insertion loss is not less than 60 dB.

Figure 7–3 — 3 kHz Low Pass Filter (3 kHz)

November 19, 1997 Page 7-4

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) AM5 CLASSIC FILTERS

0

5

10

15

20

LOSS RELATIVE TO 1000 Hz

25

30

10 20 40 60 80100 200 400 800600 2K 4K 6K 8K 10K 40K 60K1K 20K

FREQUENCY (Hz) 15 kHz Flat Characteristic

15 kHz FLAT CHARACTERISTIC

Frequency

(Hz)

1000
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000

Design Loss

(dB)

0.0 (Ref)

0.1

0.8

3.0

6.2

9.4

Frequency
(Hz)

30000
35000
40000
45000
50000

Design Loss
(dB)

12.3

14.9

17.1

19.1

21.0
See Note

NOTE: Attenuation continues to increase at a rate not less than 12 dB per
octave until the insertion loss is not less than 60 dB.

Figure 7–4 — 15 kHz Low Pass Filter (15 kHz)

100K

November 19, 1997 Page 7-5

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) AM5 CLASSIC FILTERS

0

5

10

15

20

LOSS RELATIVE TO 1000 Hz

25

30

10 20 40 60 80 100 200 400 800600 2 K 4K 6K 8K 10K 40K 60K1K 20K

FREQUENCY (Hz)

50 Kilobit Weighting Noise Characteristic

50 KILOBIT WEIGHTING CHARACTERISTIC

Frequency

(Hz)

0
50
200
1000
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000

Design Loss

(dB) & Tolerance

>30

2.7 ± 1.5 dB

0.2 ± 0.5

0.0 ± 0.2 (Ref)

0.1 ± 0.5

0.3 ± 0.3

0.7 ± 1.0

1.3 ± 1.0

2.1 ± 1.0

Frequency

30000
35000
40000
45000
50000
>55000

(Hz)

(dB) & Tolerance

3.3 ± 1.5 dB

5.0 ± 1.7

7.8 ± 2.0

14.0 ± 3.0
>22.0
>30.0

Figure 7–5 — 50 Kilobit Filter (50 kBit)

2/13/93 22:10

Design Loss

November 19, 1997 Page 7-6

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) AM5 CLASSIC FILTERS

0

5

10

15

20

LOSS RELATIVE TO 1000 Hz

25

30

100

200 400 600800

1 K 2 K

4 K

8 K6 K

10 K

FREQUENCY (Hz)

20 K 40 K 60 K 80 K100K 400K 800K

120 KHz Noise Wideband

Figure 7–6 — Wideband 120 kHz Filter (WIDE —AM5-120 Model)

0

5

10

15

20

LOSS RELATIVE TO 1000 Hz

25

30

100 20 0 400 600 800 4 K1 K 2 K 8 K6 K 20 K 40 K60 K80 K100K 400K800K10 K 200K

FREQUENCY (Hz)

160 KHz Noise Wideband

Figure 7–7 — Wideband 160 kHz Filter (WIDE — AM5-200 Model)

2/25/93

200K

2/25/93

November 19, 1997 Page 7-7

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) AM5 CLASSIC FILTERS

7.2 60 Hz FILTER

The 60 Hz high-pass filter is provided to eliminate frequencies of 60 Hz or lower.
Power line interference due to 60 Hz, 50 Hz or lower components may cause erratic
readings on the display. Connect this filter to eliminate intererence as follows:

1. Press right filter key to connect the 60 Hz filter. 60 Hz LED is lighted.

2. Press right filter key again to disconnect the filter. 60 Hz LED is not
lighted.

7.3 L/F 15 kHz MEASURE FILTER

When the MEASURE L/F 15kHz function is selected, a low-pass filter is connected to
the front end of the measurement circuitry, effectively eliminating high-frequency
components. The characteristics of this filter are the same as those shown in Figure
7–4. For more details on MEASURE selections refer to Section 6.

NOTE: As is the case with the MEASURE LEVEL FREQ function, average
detection is used with the MEASURE L/F 15 kHz function.

None of the Noise Weighting Filters, previously described and illustrated in sub­section 7.1, will be active (even if previously selected) when L/F 15 kHz or LEVEL
FREQ functions are being used.

(END OF SECTION 7)

November 19, 1997 Page 7-8

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18–0047) AM5e CLASSIC FILTERS

10

8. CCITT NOISE WEIGHTING FILTERS
FOR AM5e CLASSIC

This Section describes the filters that are supplied with the AM5e
Classic. Except for the 60 Hz filter, which is common to the AM5
and the AM5e Classic, the filters described comply with CCITT
Recommendations and are used for noise measurements
described in Section 6 (sub-sections 6.3 through 6.7). The front

UNWTD
RMS

SWTD
Q PEAK

UNWTD
Q PEAK

WIDE

2kHz

SWTD

RMS

60 HzPSHO

panel area for FILTER is shown to the right. Default selections are
shown by shading.

NOTE: The default indication for PSHO does not apply to the default

FILTER

MEASURE LEVEL FREQ selection. The PSHO default will come on when any MEASURE
noise function is selected, then go out when MEASURE LEVEL FREQ or L/F UNWTD are
selected. No noise weighting filter can be selected while LEVEL FREQ or L/F UNWTD are
selected.

A low-pass filter (L/F UNWTD can be selected by the MEASURE key for
level/frequency measurements only. The response of this filter rolls off frequencies
above 15 kHz (refer to 8.3).

A 995 Hz to 1025 Hz notch filter is automatically switched in when measuring noise
with (1004 Hz) tone, impulse noise with tone, or signal-to-noise ratio (NOISE W/T,
IMP NOISE W/T, S/N RATIO). This filter is not illustrated.

8.1 NOISE WEIGHTING FILTERS

Noise weighting filters are selected by each press of the left FILTER key (bottom to top,
left to right). Other than the lighted LED, there are no displays or parameters
associated with the FILTER selections.

Only one noise weighting filter can be selected at a time, but the 60 Hz filter (8.2) may
be selected in addition to the noise weighting filter to eliminate power interference.
The noise weighting selections are summarized below, and the curves for the filters are
shown in the referenced figures. The UNWTD and SWTD filters permit selection of
RMS or Quasi-Peak (Q-PEAK) detectors. The other filters use RMS detection.

FILTER
SELECT

DESCRIPTION RECOMMEN-

DATION

CURVE

PSHO Psophometric Bandpass CCITT P.53 Figure 8-1
UNWTD
Q-PEAK
SWTD
Q-PEAK
UNWTD
RMS
SWTD
RMS
2 kHZ

Sound Un-Weighted low- pass, high-

CCITT J.16 Figure 8-2
pass with Quasi-Peak detection.
Sound-Weighted low-pass, high-

CCITT J.16 Figure 8-3
pass with Quasi-Peak detection.
Same filter as UNWTD Q-PEAK but

CCITT J.16 Figure 8-2
with RMS detection
Same filter as SWTD Q-PEAK but

CCITT J.15 Figure 8-3
with RMS detection
Bandpass 750 – 2300 Hz CCITT O.71 Figure 8-4

FLAT
WIDE 20 Hz to 120 kHz (-120)

20 Hz to 160 kHz (-200)

—
—

Figure 8-5
Figure 8-6

November 19, 1997 Page 8-1

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18–0047) AM5e CLASSIC FILTERS

dB

0

– 10

– 20

– 30

– 40

– 50

– 60

– 70

0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 1 2 3 4 5

Frequency in kHz

2/26/93

PSOPHOMETRIC WEIGHTING CHARACTERISTIC

Frequency
(Hz)

50
100
150
200
300
400
500
600
800

Response
(dB) & Tolerance

– 63,0 ± 2 dB
– 41,0
– 29,0
– 21,0
– 10,6 ± 1 dB
– 6,,3
– 3,6
– 2,0
– 0,0 ± 0 dB

1000
1200
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
5000

Frequency

(Hz)

Response

(dB) & Tolerance

+ 0,9 ± 1 dB
0,0
– 1,3
– 3,00
– 4,20
– 5,60 ± 2 dB
– 8,5 ± 3 dB
–15,0
– 36,0

Note: Per CCITT documentation conventions, decimal points are represented by commas
“,” in this section.

Figure 8-1 — Psophometric Filter (PSHO)

November 19, 1997 Page 8-2

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18–0047) AM5e CLASSIC FILTERS

10

0

– 6

– 10

– 20

+ 0,5 dB

– 0,5 dB

18 dB

/octave

– 30

Level (dB)

– 40

– 50

– 60

– 70

12 dB/octave

2

1

The Frequency Response for the Unweig hted Filter is within the limits shown in
the above figure. The AM5e Classic implements the low-frequency slope (shown
by the heavy lines) at 18 dB/octave from 20 Hz. The upper-frequency slope is 24
dB/octave from 20 kHz. Response from 20 to 20 kHz is flat within ± 0,5 dB.

510 10

22,4 Hz

2

Frequency (Hz)

SOUND UNWEIGHTED FILTER CHARACTERISTICS

5

31,5 Hz

2

2

3

2

10

5

4

2

10

5

16 kHz 22,4 kHz

Frequency (kHz)

Figure 8–2 — Sound Unweighted Filter (UNWTD Q-PEAK/UNWTD RMS)

5

02/26/93

10

5

November 19, 1997 Page 8-3

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18–0047) AM5e CLASSIC FILTERS

12

8

4

0

– 4

– 8

– 12

– 16

– 20

Response (dB)

– 24

– 28

– 32

– 36

– 40

– 44

– 48

25

25

2

10

2

10

Frequency (Hz)

25

10

25

2

CCITT – 15680

SOUND WEIGHTED CHARACTERISTIC

Frequency

(Hz)
31,5
63
100
200
400
800
1000
2000
3150
4000
5000

Design Loss

(dB)
– 29,9 ± 2,0
– 23,9 ± 1,4
– 19,8 ± 1,0
– 13,8 ± 0,85
– 7,8 ± 0,7
– 1,9 ± 0,55
0,0 ± 0,5
+ 5,6 ± 0,5
+ 9,0 ± 0,5
+ 10,5 ± 0,5
+ 11,7 ± 0,5

Figure 8–3 — Sound Weighted Filter (SWTD Q-PEAK/SWTD RMS)

November 19, 1997 Page 8-4

Frequency
(Hz)
6300
7100
8000
9000
10000
12500
14000
16000
20000
31500

Design Loss

(dB)
+ 12,2 ± 0
+ 12,0 ± 0,2
+ 11,4 ± 0,4
+ 10,1 ± 0,6
+ 8,1 ± 0,8
+ 0,0 ± 1,2
– 5,3 ± 1,4
– 11,7 ± 1,65
– 22,2 ± 2,0
– 42,7 + 2,8

–

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18–0047) AM5e CLASSIC FILTERS

0

– 10

– 20

– 30

Response (dB)

– 40

– 50

100 200 300 400 600 800 1000 2 K 3 K 4 K 6 K 8 K 10 K

Frequency (Hz)

2 kHz FLAT WEIGHTING CHARACTERISTIC

Frequency

(Hz)

100
200
300
400
600
800
1300

Design Loss
(dB)

– 46,7
– 28,6
– 18,1
– 10,9
– 3,0
– 0,7
0,0

2000
3000
4000
6000
8000
10000

Frequency

(Hz)

Design Loss

(dB)

– 0,4
– 3,0
– 8,2
–18,1
– 25,6
– 31,4

Figure 8-4 — 2 kHz Flat Filter (2 kHz FLAT)

November 19, 1997 Page 8-5

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18–0047) AM5e CLASSIC FILTERS

0

5

10

15

20

LOSS RELATIVE TO 1000 Hz

25

30

100

200 400 600 080

1K 2 K

4 K

8 K6 K

10 K

FREQUENCY (Hz) 120 KHz Noise Wideband

20 K 40 K 60 K 80 K100K 400K800K

Figure 8–5 — Wideband 120 kHz Filter (WIDE —AM5e-120 Model)

0

5

10

15

20

LOSS RELATIVE TO 1000 Hz

25

30

100 200 400 600800 4 K1 K 2 K 8 K6 K 20 K 40 K60 K80 K100K 400K800K10 K 200K

FREQUENCY (Hz)

2/25/93

200K

2/25/93

160 KHz Noise Wideband

Figure 8–6 — Wideband 160 kHz Filter (WIDE — AM5e-200 Model)

November 19, 1997 Page 8-6

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18–0047) AM5e CLASSIC FILTERS

8.2 60 Hz FILTER

The 60 Hz high-pass filter is provided to eliminate frequencies of 60 Hz or lower.
Power line interference due to 60 Hz, 50 Hz or lower components may cause erratic
readings on the display. Connect this filter to eliminate interference as follows:

1. Press right filter key so 60 Hz LED is lighted to connect the filter.

2. Press right filter key again to disconnect the filter; 60 Hz LED is not
lighted.

8.3 L/F UNWTD MEASURE FILTER

When the MEASURE L/F UNWTD function is selected, a low-pass filter is connected
to the front end of the measurement circuitry, effectively eliminating high-frequency
components. The characteristics of this filter are the same as those shown in Figure 8-2.

NOTE: As is the case with the MEASURE LEVEL FREQ function, average
detection is used with the MEASURE L/F UNWTD function.

None of the Noise Weighting Filters, previously described and illustrated in sub­section 8.1, can be selected when L/F UNWTD or LEVEL FREQ functions are being
used.

November 19, 1997 Page 8-7

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) SEND FUNCTIONS

November 19, 1997 Page 9-1

9. SEND FUNCTIONS AND PARAMETERS

The AM5(e) Classic contains a highly-flexible signal generator that is capable of
generating a variety of test tones. The labels for the LEDs above the right SEND key are
different for the AM5 Classic and the AM5e Classic. The front panel areas for SEND
functions are shown below:

N

D

N

D

SWEEP

VAR Hz

1004 Hz

QUIET

SE

SF
SKIP

F4
2713Hz

F3
2804Hz

F2
1004Hz

F1
404Hz

AM5 Classic AM5e Classic

SWEEP

Hz

1004 Hz

QUIET

SE

SF
SKIP

F4

3004Hz

F3

2004Hz

F2

1004Hz

F1

304Hz

This section describes all the send functions and parameters in the order they are
selected by each press of the SEND keys. Unless otherwise specified, the descriptions
apply to both the AM5 Classic and the AM5e Classic. Views of the LED indicators and
displays showing typical readings are provided. A lighted LED is shown by shading,
as shown by above defaults.

If the LINE selection is 4W, 2W, or 2W +2.16µf, the signal generator will output from
the TX/2W jack (or T and R terminals). If the LINE selection is 4W REVerse, the signal
generator will output from the RX jack (or T1 and R1 terminals). For any LINE
selection, the SEND impedance is set by the left TX/2W key. (Refer to sub-sections 5.2.1
through 5.2.7 and 5.3 for more details)

The DIAL selection (sub-section 5.2.5) will disconnect the signal generator function and
permit the operator to substitute a handset for dialing a remote number, talking, or
listening. DIAL may also be used to provide an“Open” function (sub-section 9.7).

SEND functions are displayed by pressing the DISPLAY key so that the SEND indicator
is lighted (sub-section 3.3.9).

The loudspeaker is connected to the SEND functions when the MONITOR switch is in
the TX position (sub-sections 3.3.7 and 3.3.8).

The left SEND key is a toggle on/off selection of one of the functions above it (sub­sections 9.1 through 9.4).

The middle SEND key toggles on/off the Signalling Frequency lockout (SF SKIP) to
prevent transmission of frequencies in the SF SKIP range (sub-section 9.5) by any of the
left key functions.

The right SEND key selects or sends four fixed frequencies that are set by default to the
frequencies labelled on the panel. These frequencies may be changed (sub-section 9.6).

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) SEND FUNCTIONS

November 19, 1997 Page 9-2

9.1 NO-SIGNAL, TERMINATED (QUIET)

The basic QUIET function is no output from the signal generator. Internally, the
generator is disconnected and the line is quiet-terminated by the TX/2W impedance
selection described in sub-sections 5.2.6 and 5.3. While QUIET is selected, the Level
(“LEVL”) parameter of all signal generator functions may be set, and the FREQuencies
for F1, F2, F3 and F4 may be changed.

CAUTION: Level may be changed when any SEND function is selected;
however, this is for convenience to permit level change while a signal is
being output. The LEVL parameter will apply to all SEND functions.

9.1.1 QUIET Data: The display of QUIET data is all dashes, and the SEND LED is
lighted as shown in Figure 9-1.

does not appear on AM5e Classic panel

dB

dBm
dB r n

mSEC

HOLD TONE

DISPLAY

SEND
MEAS

Figure 9–1 — Send QUIET Data Display

KHz
SEC

MIN

CNT

9.1.2 QUIET Parameters: The QUIET parameter displays and default values (for an
AM5 Classic) are shown in Figure 9–2. To select the parameters, press the
PARAMeter SELect key. Each press of the key will display another parameter.
The quiet parameters and their abbreviations, range and default values follow:

Parameter

Description

Level for all SEND

Display

Abbreviation Low <default> High LED

LEVL - 50.0 <00.0> 13.0 dBm
functions
Frequencies for
right SEND key
selections.

F1

F2

0.020 <0.404> 120.0
* <0.304>

0.020 <1.004> 120.0
* <1.004>

(High-limit is 200.0
kHz for AM5(e)
Classic-200)

F3

F4

0.020 <2.804> 120.0
* <2.004>

0.020 <2.713> 120.0
* <3.004>

* for AM5e

Classic

Version VEr 101A or latest (display only) none

kHz

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) SEND FUNCTIONS

November 19, 1997 Page 9-3

LED lighted for LEVeL

SEND
MEAS

DISPLAY

1. Press PARAM SEL to select and step through QUIET parameters.

PARAM

SEL

2. While an identification
and value are displayed,
use up and down arrow
keys to increase or
decrease value.

3. If needed, press left
arrow key to select
flashing mode and
individual digit or
decimal point.

DO NOT TRY TO
CHANGE PARAMETERS
WHILE NTG OR IMPULSE
NOISE TEST IS RUNNING.

Parameter Identification

Last selection returns to QUIET mode
(all dashes) displays. See Figure 9-1.

dB

dBm
dB r n

mSEC

HOLD TONE

Parameter Value Examples
for AM5 Classic.

VErsion display; no LED's lighted.

KHz
SEC
MIN
CNT

KHz
SEC
MIN
CNT

KHz
LED
lighted
for
fre­quencies

10/28/94

Figure 9–2 — Send QUIET Parameter Displays

Use the left-arrow key to select a digit or decimal point and/or use the up and down arrow key to
increase or decrease a digit or move the decimal point (see 3.3.14 for general information on
arrow keys). For more details on setting frequency refer to 9.3.2.

9.2 1004 Hz TONE (1004 Hz)

To select a continuous 1004 Hz sine wave output, press the left SEND key so that 1004
Hz indicator is lighted. The signal generator then outputs a continuous 1004 Hz sine
wave. Figure 9-3 shows the 1004Hz data display and the level parameter. Level is
adjustable after being selected with the PARAMeter SELect key.

This function is useful for tests which require that a hold tone be sent to a remotely­located AM5(e) Classic. The level should be set so that at least –40 dBm is received at
the remote-end.

The AM5(e) receive circuits provide a notch filter and light the HOLD TONE indicator
when one of the MEASURE Functions that requires a received 1004 Hz tone is selected
(S/N RATIO, IMP N W/T, NOISE W/T). For details refer to sub-sections 6.4, 6.6, and

6.7.

1004 Hz

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) SEND FUNCTIONS

November 19, 1997 Page 9-4

9.2.1 1004 Hz Data Display: Figure 9-3 shows a –20 dBm level and 1004 Hz
frequency displayed in the left and right display windows. This figure also
shows the level (LEVL) parameter which may be set with the PARAMeter
SELect key.

9.2.2 1004 Hz Parameter Display/Adjustment: Figure 9-3 also shows the level
parameter. The level is common to all SEND functions and is shown at a
setting of –20 dBm. The display of level permits changes to be made while the
signal is being sent. Level changes affect all SEND functions.

9.3 VARIABLE FREQUENCY GENERATOR (VAR Hz)

The Variable Frequency generator can be selected to send out any frequency within the
range of the AM5(e) unit. This generator is very flexible and may be adjusted while a
signal is being sent. Both level (LEVL) and FREQuency may be set.

9.3.1 VAR Hz Data Display: Figure 9-4 shows a 10 dBm level and 1.004 kHz
frequency display. The figure also shows the level and frequency parameter
displays. Both level (LEVL) and FREQuency may be set after they have been
displayed with the PARAMeter SELect key.

9.3.2 VAR Hz Parameter Display/Adjustment: The level and frequency parameters

(Figure 9-4) are displayed in sequence as the PARAMeter SELect/EnTeR key is

pressed, then the data is displayed again.

While either parameter is displayed, it may be adjusted with the arrow keys.
The change in generator level or frequency occurs immediately; it is not
necessary to step to the next parameter or data.

The FREQuency change with the up- or down-arrow keys (without using the
flashing-digit mode) and the display depend on the range being set, and
whether the key is pressed momentarily or pressed-and-held for greater than
one (1) second. A value from each FREQuency range is illustrated in Figure 9-

4. The following table shows the fixed leading– zeroes, decimal point, and the
digit (d) which can be changed for each range. To change any single digit of
frequency, press the left-arrow key then use the up- or down-arrow keys in the
flashing-digit mode.

Frequency Range Press Once Press-and-Hold

20 Hz to 99 Hz 10 Hz (0.0dx) 100 Hz (into next range)
100 Hz to 999 Hz 10 Hz (0.xdx) 100 Hz (0.dxx)
1000 Hz to 9999 Hz 10 Hz (x.xdx) 100 Hz (x.dxx)
10 kHz to 99.99 kHz 10 Hz (xx.xd) 100 Hz (xx.dx)
100 kHz to 120 kHz
(200 kHz for –200 models)

100 Hz (xxx.d) 1 KHz (xxd.x)

NOTE: If a value is set outside the range of the unit, it will be automatically set to the closest

limit after PARAMeter SELect is pressed to display the data.

VAR Hz

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) SEND FUNCTIONS

November 19, 1997 Page 9-5

Press to select parameter

PARAM

SEL

DISPLAY

Selects flashing mode.

Increase or
decrease
value.

SEND
MEAS

Display of 1004 Hz level and frequency unless
the LEVeL parameter is selected.

dB

dBm
dB r n

mSEC

HOLD TONE

dBm

This level affects all SEND functions

Figure 9–3 — Send 1004 Hz Data and Parameter Displays

KHz
SEC

MIN

CNT

KHz

10/28/94

Press to select and step
through parameters

PARAM

SEL

DISPLAY

Selects flashing mode.

Increase or
decrease
digit value.

To change any
single digit of
frequency, press
the left-arrow key
then use the up- or
down-arrow keys
in the flashing­digit mode.

SEND
MEAS

Display of VAR Hz level and frequency
unless a VAR Hz parameter is selected.

dB

dBm
dB r n

mSEC

(Data LEVEL 10 dBm)

HOLD TONE

dBm

(LEVEL Parameter)

dBm

(20 Hz setting,

(FREQUENCY Parameter)

lowest possible)

(123 Hz setting)

Examples of
FREQuencies in
different ranges

(4.567 kHz setting)
to illustrate
placement of
decimal point.

(99.99 kHz setting)

(Data FREQUENCY 1004 Hz)

(10 dBm setting)

LEVeL affects all SEND functions

KHz
SEC

MIN

CNT

KHz

KHz

Figure 9–4 — Send VARiable Hz Data and Parameter Displays

(120.0 k Hz setting,
highest possible on
standard units)

10/28/94

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) SEND FUNCTIONS

November 19, 1997 Page 9-6

9.4 SWEEP GENERATOR (SWEEP)10/94 /28 (Fri) 17:03 to here.

When SWEEP is selected, the signal generator steps through a series of frequencies. The
programmed defaults starts the sweep at 304 Hz and increases in 100 Hz steps at a
three (3) -second rate until 3.004 kHz. When the 3.004 kHz stop frequency is reached,
the sweep immediately begins again, unless the zero delay is changed.

To provide an audible reference to the beginning and end of the sweep, a delay may be
programmed so that the first and last tone will have a longer duration than the other
tones.

The SWEEP function is useful for performing step-frequency tests to measure the
response/bandwidth of a circuit. A slow sweep rate within the voice-frequency range
allows an operator at the far end to note the levels as the tones are received.

9.4.1 SWEEP Data Display: Figure 9-5 shows a 0 dBm level and 1.904 kHz frequency
display. The frequency will be increasing in steps while the data is displayed.
The figure also shows the default parameter displays.

If the SF SKIP function (see 9.5) is turned ON, frequencies in the rejection band
of the SF SKIP cannot be displayed or output if they are in the range of a
SWEEP.

Any of the single tones (F1 through F4) may be selected or sent during the
sweep (see 9.6). The sweep is interrupted while the single tone is sent. When
the tone is stopped, the sweep begins again at the start frequency.

9.4.2 SWEEP Parameter Display/Adjustment: The level, start frequency, stop
frequency, step frequency, and delay parameters (Figure 9-5) are displayed in
sequence as the PARAMeter SELect/EnTeR key is pressed, then the data is
displayed again. The following table shows the abbreviations, range, and
default values for the SWEEP parameters:

Parameter

Description

Display

Abbreviation Low <default> High LED

Level for all SEND
functions

LEVL - 50.0 <00.0> 13.0 dBm

Start Frequency
Stop Frequency
Step Frequency
(High-limit is 200.0
kHz for AM5(e)
Classic-200)

STrT
SToP
STEP

0.020 <0.304> 120.0

0.020 <3.004> 120.0

0.020 <0.100> 120.0

200.0

kHz

Sweep Rate rATE 000.1 <003.0> 999.9 SEC
Delay at start and stop
Frequency

dLAY

000.0 <000.0> 999.9

SEC

NOTE: The finest resolution of sweep rate and delay is .24 seconds (based on change over
frequency) Due to this fact, the AM5(e) Classic will round the entered value to the nearest 0.24
second

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) SEND FUNCTIONS

November 19, 1997 Page 9-7

Parameter changes take effect as soon as they are made. If a start or stop frequency is
set within the SF SKIP rejection band (see 9.5), the start or stop frequency will be moved
to the lower or upper frequency limit of the rejection band (depending on which is
closest) when SF SKIP is turned on. (Frequencies are not readjusted after SF SKIP is
turnedoff.).

Frequency steps that fall within the SF SKIP rejection band are never sent if SF SKIP is
on. They will be sent as soon as SF SKIP is turned off.

Press to select and step
through parameters

PARAM

SEL

DISPLAY

Selects flashing mode.

Increase or
decrease
digit value.

To change any
single digit of
frequency or time,
press the left­arrow key then use
the up- or down­arrow keys in the
flashing-digit
mode.

STrT and SToP
will be set to
reject band
limits when SF
SKIP is turned
ON, if they are
in reject band.

Actual value of
rATE and dLAY
(over 000.0) is
rounded to the
nearest 0.24
seconds of
set/displayed
value.

SEND
MEAS

Display of VAR Hz level and frequency
unless a VAR Hz parameter is selected.

dB

dBm
dB r n

mSEC

HOLD TONE

dBm

LEVeL affects all SEND functions

dBm

(FREQUENCY steps up)

KHz
SEC

MIN

CNT

KHz

KHz

KHz

SEC

10/31/94

Figure 9–5 — Send SWEEP Data and Parameter Display

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) SEND FUNCTIONS

November 19, 1997 Page 9-8

9.5 SIGNALLING FREQUENCY SKIP (SF SKIP)

The SF SKIP is used to avoid sending tones in the “signalling frequency” band that
could interfere with other equipment. SF SKIP is an ON/OFF toggle that is affects the
VAR Hz or SWEEP functions.

When SF SKIP is ON (LED lighted), the VAR Hz generator cannot be set to send
frequencies in the rejection band. If a frequency is set in the band while SF is OFF, the
frequency will be reset to the upper or lower limit of the rejection band when SF SKIP is
turned ON. The frequency will not be reset when SF SKIP is turned OFF.

When SF SKIP is ON, the SWEEP generator start or stop frequencies cannot be set (or
remain) within the rejection band. If the SWEEP range includes the SF SKIP rejection
band, those frequencies will not be output. The rejection band is different for the AM5
and AM5e Classic.

QUIET Frequencies (F1, F2, F3, or F4) can be set within the rejection band when SF
SKIP is ON. This allows the user to momentarily overide the SF SKIP band to send
control tones.

9.5.1 SF SKIP Rejection for AM5 Classic: The rejection band for the

AM5 Classic is 2450 Hz through 2750 Hz to conform to
IEEE standards.

9.5.2 SF SKIP Rejection for AM5e Classic: The rejection band

for the AM5e Classic is 2130 Hz through
2430Hz to conform to CCITT standards. AM5 Classic

9.6 SINGLE FREQUENCY TONES (F1, F2, F3, F4)

9.6.1 General Information: The single-frequency tones are

selected by pressing the right SEND key until the LED
for the tone is flashing. Once the LED is flashing, the tone
may be output by pressing and holding the right SEND
key for three seconds until the LED is steady. The tone is
stopped by pressing and releasing the SEND key.
The single-tone over-rides any other SEND function. If a
SWEEP frequency is being generated, the SWEEP is reset to its
starting frequency after the tone is stopped. AM5eClassic

9.6.2 The single-tone may also be over-ridden by pressing any of the left SEND keys.

For example, if an F4 tone is being output, shifting from QUIET to 1004Hz will
automatically stop the F4 tone and send the 1004 Hz tone.

The frequency labels on the front panel are the defaults that have been chosen
for various control or test purposes and are different for the AM5 and AM5e
Classic. Frequencies and level may be changed when QUIET is selected, refer to

9.1.

One use of a single-frequency tone is to command a remote device into loopback
mode. This is described in the next sub-section

2004Hz

F4
2713Hz

F3
2804Hz

F2
1004Hz

F1

404Hz

SF
SKIP

F4
3004Hz

F3

F2
1004Hz

F1

304Hz

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) SPECIFICATIONS

10. AM5 and AM5e CLASSIC SPECIFICATIONS

This Section consists of the specifications for all models of the AM5 Classic. It is in a
tabular format (beginning on Page 10-2) , and should be consulted for an overview of
each model’s capabilities. A left arrow (“ <———”) indicates specifications identical to
previous columns.

November 19, 1997 Page 10-1

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) SPECIFICATIONS

Technical Specifications (Sheet 1 of 5)

TRANSMITTER LEVEL/FREQUENCY

Specification AM5 Classic-120 AM5e Classic-120
VAR Hz Mode 20Hz to

120kHz

in 10Hz or

<———

100Hz steps

AM5/AM5e

Classic-200

Models

20Hz to

200kHz
in 10Hz or
100Hz steps

1004Hz Mode 1004Hz Fixed <——— <———
F1 404Hz 304Hz <———
F2 1004Hz 1004Hz <———
F3 2804Hz 2004Hz <———
F4 (F1 - F4 Freq.

2713Hz 3004Hz <———

may be reset.

Sweep Mode

Start

Frequency

Stop

Frequency

Step Size 1Hz to

Step Dwell 1/4 second to

20Hz to

120kHz

20Hz to

120kHz

119.9kHz

<——— 20Hz to

200kHz

<——— 20Hz to

200kHz

<——— 1Hz to

199.9Hz

<——— <———

999.9 seconds.
Inter-Sweep
delay

0, 1/4 second to

999.9 seconds.

<——— <———

SF SKIP 2450 to 2750Hz 2130 to 2430Hz <———
Frequency
Accuracy ± .01% <——— <———
Level Range

Max. output is

–50dBm to

+13dBm

<——— <———

+13dBm at 600 Ω,
+10dBm at 900 Ω,
+3dBm at 135 or

(All modes have
common level setting)

150 Ω Impedance

Resolution .1dB <——— <———
Accuracy

Accuracy not
specified below
400Hz with 135 or
150 Ω impedance.

dBm

+13
–40
–50

200

20

Hz

± .1

± .25 ± .25
± .5 ± .5 ± .5

–120 Models

20

kHz

120

200

20

Hz

± .25 ± .25
± .5 ± .5 ± .5

± .1

–200 Models

150

20

kHz

200

± .5

± 1.0

November 19, 1997 Page 10-2

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) SPECIFICATIONS

Technical Specifications (Sheet 2 of 5)

RECEIVER LEVEL/FREQUENCY

Specification AM5 Classic-120

AM5/AM5e

Classic-200
Specification AM5 Classic-120 AM5e Classic-120
Level Range –64.9 to +13dBm <

120

20

200

Resolution

dBm

20

+13
–50
–65

± .5
± 1.0

-120 Models

Hz

± .2
± 1.0

kHz

± .5

*

± 1.0

20 Hz

+10dBm

—

-40dBm

—

-45dBm

-65dBm

—

<——— <———

± 0.5
± 0.5

± 1.0

200 Hz

± 0.2 *
± 0.2

± 1.0

-200 Models

20 kHz

Models

150 kHz

± 0.5
± 0.5

± 1.0

<———

± 1.0

± 2.0

± 3.0

200 kHz

.1dB

Accuracy

* ± .1dB @ 1004 to 1020Hz @ 0 to –20dBm

Accuracy is not
specified below
400Hz with 135
or 150 Ω
impedance.

Detector Type Average <——— <———
Filters 120kHz

Low Pass

15kHz

120kHz

Low Pass

Sound UnWTD (J.16)

200kHz

Low Pass

<———

Low Pass

Frequency
Range

60Hz High Pass
20Hz to

120KHz

60Hz High Pass

<———

<——— 20Hz to

200kHz

Resolution/

Accuracy ± 0.01 % of

reading

<——— <———

± 1 count

Sensitivity –55 to +13dBm with

S/N Ratio > 20dB <——— <———

November 19, 1997 Page 10-3

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) SPECIFICATIONS

pp

pp

Technical Specifications (Sheet 3 of 5)

IDLE LINE NOISE

AM5e Classic-120
Specification AM5 Classic-120
Transmitter QUIET termination <——— <———
Receiver

Range 10 to 99dBrn

(20 to 99dBrn

@ 135/150 Ω)
Resolution 1dB <——— <———
Accuracy ± 1dB

@ 20 to 100dBrn

± 2dB

@ 10 to 20dBrn

(± 1dB CMSG filter)

Filter 120kHz Low Pass

C-MeSsaGe
Program
3kHz Flat
15kHz Flat
50kBit
60Hz High Pass

Detector RMS RMS or

Transmitter

NOTCH NOISE (NOISE WITH TONE)

1004Hz
(Holding Tone)

Notch Filter

Rejection
Notch

Automatic Filter

(if no other filter
selected)

995 to 1025Hz
>50dB

OOOOtttthhhheeeerrrr SS

CMSG

SS

eeeecccciiiiffffiiiiccccaaaattttiiiioooonnnnssss aaaarrrreeee ssssaaaammmmeeee aaaassss IIIIddddlllleeee LLLLiiiinnnnee

–80 to +9dBm
(–70 to +9dBm

@ 135/150 Ω)

± 1dB
@ –70 to +10dBm
± 2dB
@ –80 to –70dBm

(± dB PSHO filter)
120kHz Low Pass
PSopHOmetric [P.53]
Sound UNWTD [J.16]
Sound WTD [J.16]
2kHz Flat (750 to

2300Hz) [Q.71]
60Hz High Pass

Quasi-Peak (Selected
with filters [J.16])

<——— <———

<——— <———

PSHO

AM5/AM5e
Classic-200
Models

<———

<———

160kHz Low
Pass

<———

<———

<———

ee

NOISE TO GROUND (NTG)

Transmitter QUIET termination <——— <———
Receiver

Range
Resolution 1dB <——— <———

Accuracy ± 1.5dB <——— <———
Filters and
Detectors

November 19, 1997 Page 10-4

40 to 129dBrn

–50 to +39dBm

SSSSaaaammmmeeee aaaassss IIIIddddlllleeee LLLLiiiinnnneeee NNNNooooiiiissssee

ee

<———

<———

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) SPECIFICATIONS

g

Technical Specifications (Sheet 4 of 5)

SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIO

Specification

AM5 Classic-120

AM5e Classic-120

AM5/AM5e
Classic-200
Models

Transmitter QUIET termination <——— <———
Receiver

Signal Range –40 to +10dBm <——— <———
Noise Range 10 to 70dBrn

(20 to 70dBrn

@ 135/150 Ω

–80 to –20dBm
(–70 to –20dBm

@ 135/150 Ω)

<———

Ratio Range 10 to 50dB <——— <———
Accuracy ± 1dB @ 10 to 40dB

± 2dB @ 40 to 45dB

<———

<———

± 3dB @ 45 to 50dB

Noise below –70dBm
reduces accuracy to
±2dB except when

usin

PSHO filter.

<———

IMPULSE NOISE (3 LEVEL)
PER IEEE 743 AND CCITT 0.71

<——— <———
Transmitter QUIET termination
Receiver

Minimum
Threshold

30dBrn

–60dBm

<———

Threshold
Difference 2, 3, 4 or 6dB <——— <———
Threshold
Accuracy ± 1dB <——— <———
Timer .1 minute to

999.9 minutes or

<——— <———

Continuous
Maximum
Count

(3 Counters)

Dead Time 1 to 255ms

high 9999

mid 9999

low 9999

<——— <———

<——— <———

(125ms preset)

November 19, 1997 Page 10-5

AM5(e) Cl

l (18-0047) SPECIFICATIONS

panel. Optional front panel “Siemens” jacks.

assic Instruction Manua

Technical Specifications (Sheet 5 of 5)

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

AM5/AM5e
Classic-200

Specification

AM5 Classic-120 AM5e Classic-120

Models

Input 4-Wire

4-Wire Reverse

<——— <———

2-Wire

2-Wire with 2.16 µf

Termination

Receive
Impedance

135 Ω, 150 Ω,

600 Ω, 900 Ω,

1200 Ω <——— <———

High
Impedance
Bridging
Transmit
Source
Impedance

50,000 Ω

Bridging Loss is less

<——— <———

than . 2dB
135 Ω, 150 Ω,
600 Ω, 900 Ω,

1200 Ω <——— <———

DC Blocking 200 VDC <——— <———
Balance > 90dB @ 50Hz –

120Hz. Decreases

<——— <———

6dB/octave above
120Hz

Hold Circuit

Independent
Transmit and
Receive

DC = 200 Ω

AC = > 20,000 Ω

<——— <———

Monitor

Built-in
Speaker/Volume
Control Selection

Power 115 VAC or

Transmit
Receive
Measure

<——— <———

<——— <———

230 VAC 50/60Hz

Weight

with batteries

Optional Internal Sealed Lead-Acid Battery with Recharger for all

6 lbs
10 lbs

2.72 kg

4.54 kg

Dimensions

Width
Height
Depth

Operating
Temperature

8.3 in.

3.5 in.

12.1 in.
0 to 50 Degrees
Celsius

210 mm
89 mm
307 mm

<——— <———

Line
Connections

Dual Miniature Phone Jacks (mate with ADC PJ777 or
Switchcraft TT253) on front panel. Screw Terminals on rear

November 19, 1997 Page 10-6

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AM5 (e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) WARRANTY, SERVICE AND CALIBRATION

November 19, 1997 Page 11-1

11. WARRANTY, SERVICE AND CALIBRATION

11.1 WARRANTY

AMERITEC Corporation warrants that its electronic instrument products are manufactured to the
highest commercial standards and are free from any defects in material or workmanship.

For a period of one (1) year from shipment, AMERITEC will repair, without charge to the original
purchaser, any unit which upon inspection by AMERITEC proves to be defective.

This warranty is the sole warranty offered by AMERITEC and is in lieu of all other obligations or
liabilities, including claims of consequential damage; however, an EXTENDED WARRANTY
PLAN may be purchased. For information contact an Ameritec Sales Representative.

11.2 SERVICE POLICY

AMERITEC products are designed with plug-in printed circuit boards and modular
assemblies. Once a problem is localized, service is accomplished by PC board (or module)
replacement.

11.3 CALIBRATION POLICY

All AMERITEC products are manufactured to commercial standards and are calibrated with
equipment traceable to NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology). With the
exception of component failures or abuse, AMERITEC instruments are designed to maintain
compliance with their published specifications throughout their service life.

While periodic calibration verification is normally not required, in critical applications it is
recommended that verification be accomplished annually.

Calibration verification is most efficiently accomplished by return of the equipment to the
AMERITEC factory where specialized test equipment is used. Field calibration verification is not
supported by AMERITEC.

AM5 (e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) WARRANTY, SERVICE AND CALIBRATION

November 19, 1997 Page 11-2

11.4 RETURN OF UNIT

In the event of a malfunction, call or write to the AMERITEC factory and obtain a return
authorization number. Return the unit to AMERITEC freight prepaid with a note (in-warranty
repair) or a Purchase Order for the repair (out-of-warranty repair) listing the following
information:

• Return authorization number from AMERITEC.

• Return shipment address of purchaser.

• Name and telephone number of person at purchaser's location familiar with the
problem.

• Brief description of problem (include any printouts that may have a bearing on the
problem, if possible).

• Terms of payment for repair costs (out-of-warranty unit).

The unit will be repaired and returned freight-prepaid for units in warranty and freight-collect for
units out-of-warranty. As stated above, a Purchase Order to cover the cost of repair must
accompany any out-of-warranty return of the unit to AMERITEC.

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) APPENDIX

A.1. AM5 Classic APPENDIX

A.1.1. SCOPE

Field Calibration and validation procedures AM5-C-120, and AM5-EC-120, and
AM5-C-200 with software versions 105A or later. Refer to the AM5-Classic

Instruction Manual Section 4.6, Calibration Procedure, to help identify the software
version the unit currently has installed.

A.1.2. EQUIPMENT REQUIRED

1. A highly accurate AC voltmeter (up to 4 decimal places, +/- 0.1% at 1 KHz)

2. Bantam to Minigator and/or Bantam to Bantam Cables.

3. A 600 ohm load resistor, accurate to 1% tolerance (1/4 watt).

A.1.3. CALIBRATION PROCEDURE
TRANSMIT AND RECEIVE CALIBRATION

1. Remove all input leads.

2. Connect T1 and R1 leads of the AM5- Classic of either the front right bantam

jack or rear terminal screws to the AC Voltmeter.

3. Set the voltmeter to measure AC voltage.

4. Power up the unit to be calibrated and verify it is in [SEND] and [QUIET]

modes.

5. Press [PARAM SEL] key until the Software Version number appears.

6. Press and hold down [START/STOP] key for 3 seconds until “FULL CAL?”

appears on the screen.

7. Press the [ENTER] key (left arrow pointing key) to start full calibration.

Note: To abort “FULL CAL?” press any key other than ENTER].

8. The display will read V1 on the left and 3850 on the right. 1004 Hz LED

will come on.

9. Enter the total voltage in millivolts, by using the UP/DOWN arrow key to

increas/decrease the V1 value (or hold down the key to go faster). Voltage
should be larger than 3431 mV and smaller than 4320 mV. Press the
[ENTER] key. Any voltage entered outside the lower and upper ranges will
display “DATA EROR” and any key pressed will abort calibration.

November 19, 1997

Page A1-1

AM5(e) Classic Instruction Manual (18-0047) APPENDIX

November 19, 1997

D

V

R

Note: If the calibration procedure is aborted before completion, power the

unit off, and then on again. The unit display should read “FULL
CAL?”. Press [ENTER] key and complete steps 9 through 12.

Repeat Steps 8 and 10 until data for V2 through V9 voltages have been
entered. The minimum and maximum of readings are as follows.

ISPLAY

lower

ALID

ANGES

upper

V1 ---- 3431 mV 4320 mV
V2 ---- 859.2 mV 1082 mV
V3 ---- 632.8 mV 796.5 mV
V4 ---- 158.7 mV 199.6 mV

The rest of the voltages should be entered as the AC voltmeter reads in millivolts
*(times) 10. Your measurements should be within the below ranges.

V5 ---- 1587 mV 1996 mV
V6 ---- 109.6 mV 137.9 mV
V7 ---- 282.5 mV 355.6 mV
V8 ---- 206.8 mV 260.2 mV
V9 ---- 54.13 mV 68.13 mV

10. After V9 is entered, display will be blank on the left and read “CAL?” on the

right.

11. Disconnect the AC voltmeter leads from the AM5-Classic being calibrated.
Press [ENTER] key. The unit will begin to calibrate itself. This process

takes approximately 4 minutes. After calibration is completed, unit goes to
AUX mode, displaying “UNDR”. Now Auto Calibration must be conducted.

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