Alesis ADAT-XT User Manual

ALESIS

ADAT-XT

Reference Manual

INTRODUCTION

Thank you for purchasing the Alesis ADAT-XT Digital Multitrack Tape Recorder. To take full advantage of the XT’s functions, and to enjoy long and trouble-free use, please read this user’s manual carefully.

HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL

This manual is divided into the following sections describing the various modes of the XT. Though we recommend you take time to read through the entire manual once carefully, those having general knowledge about multitrack recorders should use the table of contents and index to reference specific functions while using the XT.

Chapter 2: Your First Session with the ADAT-XT. This section provides a brief tour of the XT, shows you how to format a tape, record and playback, set locate points, auto punch-in and out, bounce tracks, and points out other various features.

Chapter 3: Connections. Details rear panel connections (like inputs and outputs, footswitches and the ADAT Optical Digital Interface), and proper hook-up procedures.

Chapter 4: Basic Operations. Covers the user interface of the XT and the way to use its basic control features, how to read the display, and how to navigate through and edit parameters.

✪

Chapter 5: Multiple ADAT Operation. How to lock together multiple ADAT Compatible™ devices, and how to record and transfer digital audio between them.

Chapter 6: Applications. Describes several real-world examples of how the XT may be used.

Appendices. Features an explanation of digital audio recording concepts, troubleshooting, maintenance and service information, specifications, a Glossary and an Index.

CONVENTIONS

All front panel buttons, LEDs, display icons and rear panel connectors are referred to in this manual just as their names appear on the XT, using all capital letters and in brackets (Examples: [PLAY] button, [AUTO INPUT] button, EDIT icon, etc.).

When something important appears in the manual, an icon (like the one on the left) will appear in the left margin. This symbol indicates that this information is vital when operating the XT.

ADAT XT Reference Manual 1

2 ADAT XT Reference Manual

INTRODUCTION

Thank you for purchasing the Alesis ADAT-XT Digital Multitrack Tape Recorder. To take full advantage of the XTÕs functions, and to enjoy long and trouble-free use, please read this userÕs manual carefully.

HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL

Chapter 1: Introduction. Deals with the necessary preparation before recording and playing, including connections to external devices. This chapter also discusses the difference between ÒthreadedÓ and ÒunthreadedÓ tapes. Chapter 2: Your First Session with the ADAT-XT. This section provides a brief tour of the XT, shows you how to format a tape, record and playback, set locate points, auto punch-in and out, bounce tracks, and points out other various features. Chapter 3: Connections. Details rear panel connections (like inputs and outputs, footswitches and the ADAT Optical Digital Interface), and proper hook-up procedures. Chapter 4: Basic Operations. Covers the user interface of the XT and the way to use its basic control features, how to read the display, and how to navigate through and edit parameters. Chapter 5: Multiple ADAT Operation. How to lock together multiple ADAT Compatibleª devices, and how to record and transfer digital audio between them. Chapter 6: Applications. Describes several real-world examples of how the XT may be used. Appendices. Features an explanation of digital audio recording concepts, troubleshooting, maintenance and service information, specifications, a Glossary and an Index.

CONVENTIONS

✪

When something important appears in the manual, an icon (like the one on the left) will appear in the left margin. This symbol indicates that this information is vital when operating the XT.

ADAT XT Reference Manual 3

ADAT XT Reference Manual 4

CONTENTS

1: SETTING UP 7

Unpacking and Inspection 7 AC Power 7 Avoiding Ground Loops 8 Line Conditioners and Protectors 9 About Audio Cables 9 Basic Audio Hookup 10 Input Normaling 10 ÒThreadedÓ vs. ÒUnthreadedÓ 11 A Word on ADATÕs S-VHS Cassette Tape 11 Operating Environment 12 Thermal Considerations in Rack Mounting 12 Mounting on a Shelf or Non-Rack Enclosure 12 Avoiding Electromagnetic Interference 12

2: YOUR FIRST SESSION WITH THE ADAT XT 13

Power-up, and Tape Insertion 13 Formatting A Tape Ð A MUST! 14 Recording While Formatting 14 Making A Recording 15 Track Selection and Setting Levels 15 Time Counter 15 Transport Buttons 16 Recording 16 Playback 17 Reviewing and Cueing 17 Locating 18 Creating A Loop 19 Automated Recording 20 Rehearsing 20 Pitch Control 21 Track Delay 21 Track Copy 22 Display Brightness 22

3: CONNECTIONS 23

Analog Audio Ð Unbalanced Inputs 23 Input jack characteristics 23 Typical input jack hookups 23 Analog Audio Ð Unbalanced Outputs 23 Analog Audio Ð Balanced Inputs and Outputs 24 Analog Audio Ð Input Mode 25 Sync In/Out 26 Digital Audio In/Out 27 Footswitches 28 The XT Remote 28

Index

ADAT XT Reference Manual 5

4: BASIC OPERATIONS 29

Tape Formatting 29 Formatting Considerations 29 Complete Format 30 Recording While Formatting 30 Format Extend 31 Write Protect Override 31 Reading The Display 32 Display Icons 33 TIME Counter & ABS/REL Button 35 Locate 0 35 Basic Editing 36 EDIT Value Button 36

▲ and ▼ Buttons 36

Entering Numeric Values 36 Editing Individual Digits 36 Input Select 37 Analog Input 37 Digital Input 37 Track Copy 38 Input Monitor 39 Auto Input Monitor 39 All Input Monitor 39 Meters 39 Peak Mode Button 40 Peak Clear Button 40 Fine Meter Mode 40 Recording a ÒBenchmarkÓ Tape 40 Record Enable 41 Setting Levels 41 Transport Controls 42 Eject 42 Rewind/Review 42 Fast Forward/Cue 42 Play 43 Record/Punch In or Out 43 Stop 44 Sample Rate (Clock) 44 Record Crossfade Time 45 Displaying Frames vs. 100ths/Seconds 45 Pitch Control 46 About Pitch Changing 46 Track Delay 47 Autolocation Controls 48 Absolute (ABS) Time vs. Relative Time48 Locate 0 48 Setting Locate Points 49 Locating 49 Auto Looping 50 Auto Return 50 Auto Play 50 Loop Limit 50 Auto Record 51

Index

ADAT XT Reference Manual 6

Looped Recording 51 Rehearsal 51 Tape Length 52 Footswitch Controls 53 Footswitch Controlled Punching 53 Footswitch Controlled Autolocating 53 Using the XT Remote 54

5: MULTIPLE ADAT-XT OPERATION 55

Overview 55 Synchronizing Machines 56 Master/Slave Interaction 56 Achieving Lock57 Independent Slave Mode 57 Formatting Multiple Tapes 57 Master Format Enabled, Complete Format 57 Master Format Enabled, Format Extend 57 Master Format Disabled 58 Master Format Disabled, Format Extend 58 Bouncing Tracks Between XTs 59 Reassigning Channels to Different Tracks 59 Making Digital Backups 60 Recording Digital Audio from Other Sources 61 Digital Clock Considerations 61 Tape Offset 62 Combining XTs and ADATs 63 XT Transport Speed 63 Sample rate vs. Pitch Control 63 Input Monitoring 63 Phase Inversion 64 Connections 65

6: APPLICATIONS 67

Overview 67 Combined Multitrack/Mastering Deck 67 Computer Control 69 MIDI Systems: Virtual Tracking 69 MIDI Machine Control: Virtual Remote Control69 Libraries and Archives 70 Modular Recording 70 Using Track Copy as a Digital Router 71 Calculating Tape Offset Using the Locates 71

APPENDIX A: DIGITAL RECORDING CONCEPTS 73

Analog Recording Basics 73 Digital Recording Basics 73 Why S-VHS? 74

APPENDIX B: TROUBLESHOOTING 75

Trouble-Shooting Index 75 Re-initializing 75 Checking Software Version 76 Error Rate Display 76 About Error Rate Readings 76 ADAT Head Life 76 ADAT Head Maintenance 77 Tape Maintenance: Safe Tape 78

Index

ADAT XT Reference Manual 7

Maintenance/Service 79 Cleaning 79 Maintenance 79 Obtaining Repair Service 79

APPENDIX C: ERROR CODES 81

Steps To Take Before Calling For Help 83

APPENDIX D: SPECIFICATIONS 84 G

LOSSARY 86

NDEX 91

Index

ADAT XT Reference Manual 8

CHAPTER 1

SETTING UP

UNPACKING AND INSPECTION

Your XT was packed carefully at the factory. The shipping carton was designed to protect the unit during shipping. Please retain this container in the highly unlikely event that you need to return the XT for servicing.

The shipping carton should contain the following items:

• ADAT-XT with the same serial number as shown on shipping carton

• Power Cable

• Optical Cable

• XT remote control unit

• This instruction manual

• Blank S-VHS ST-120 cassette

• Alesis warranty card

It is important to register your purchase; if you have not already filled out your

warranty card and mailed it back to Alesis, please take the time to do so now.

Setting Up: Chapter 1

AC POWER HOOKUP

With the XT off, plug the female end of the power cord into the XT’s [POWER INPUT] socket and the male (plug) end into a source of AC power. It’s good practice to not turn on the XT until all other cables are hooked up.

The XT works with the need for transformers or voltage switches. Your XT was supplied with the correct power cord for your country or local area, however only the following alternative power cords are approved for use with ADAT:

• For 90-120 VAC 50/60 Hz operation in the US, Canada and/or Japan, use Alesis UL/CSA power cord #7-41-0001.

• For 240 VAC 50 Hz operation in England, use Alesis Power cord #7-41-0004.

• For 220 VAC 50 Hz operation in Europe and Scandinavia, use Alesis EU power cord #7-41-0002.

• For 240 VAC 50 Hz operation in Australia, use Alesis AS power cord #7-41-0003.

The XT’s IEC-spec AC cord (do not substitute any other AC cord) is designed to feed an outlet that includes three pins, with the third, round pin connected to ground. The ground connection is an important safety feature designed to keep the chassis of electronic devices such as the Alesis ADAT - XT, BRC and AI-1 at ground potential. Unfortunately, the presence of a third ground pin does not always indicate that an outlet is properly grounded. Use an AC line tester to determine this. If the outlet is not grounded, consult with a licensed electrician. When AC currents are suspect of being highly unstable in VAC and Hz, a professional power conditioner should be used.

any

AC voltage from 90 to 250 volts, 50 to 60 Hz. This eliminates

Alesis cannot be responsible for problems caused by using the XT or any associated

equipment with improper AC wiring.

AVOIDING GROUND LOOPS

In today’s studio, where it seems every piece of gear has a computer in it, there are many opportunities for ground loop problems to occur. These show up as hums,

ADAT XT Reference Manual 7

Chapter 1: Setting Up

buzzes, or sometimes radio reception and can occur if a piece of equipment “sees” two or more different paths to ground, as shown below.

One path goes from device A to ground via the ground terminal of the threeconductor AC power cord, but A also sees a path to ground through the shielded cable and AC ground of device B. Because ground wires have a small amount of resistance, small amounts of current can flow through ground and generate a voltage along the cable shield. This signal may end up getting induced into the hot conductor.

Device A

shielded

cable

Device B

path 1

path 2

To AC power service

The loop can also act like an antenna into which hum is induced, or can even pick up radio frequencies. Furthermore, many components in a circuit connect to ground. If that ground is “dirty” and contains noise, it might get picked up by the circuit. Ground loops cause the most problems with high-gain circuits, since massive amplification of even a couple millivolts of noise can give an audible signal.

Most ground loop problems can be solved by plugging all equipment into the same grounded AC source. However, it is important to make sure that the AC source is not overloaded and is properly rated to handle the gear plugged into it.

For really tough cases, you may need to break the connection that causes the loop condition. One way to do this is to simply break the shield of the shielded audio cable at some point, usually by disconnecting it from ground at one jack. (The other end should remain connected so that the shielding properties are retained, even if there is no direct path for ground.)

Please note that not all hums and buzzes are caused by ground loops; your cables must be of very high quality, particularly with -10 dBV setups. Refer to section 2.1 for more information.

8 ADAT XT Reference Manual

LINE CONDITIONERS AND PROTECTORS

Although the XT is designed to tolerate typical voltage variations, in today’s world the voltage coming from the AC line may contain spikes or transients that can possibly stress your gear and, over time, cause a failure. There are three main ways to protect against this, listed in ascending order of cost and complexity:

• Line spike/surge protectors. Relatively inexpensive, these are designed to protect against strong surges and spikes, acting somewhat like fuses in that they need to be replaced if they’ve been hit by an extremely strong spike.

• Line filters. These generally combine spike/surge protection with filters that remove some line noise (dimmer hash, transients from other appliances, etc.).

• Uninterruptible power supply (UPS). This is the most sophisticated option. A UPS provides power even if the AC power line fails completely. Intended for computer applications, a UPS allows you to complete an orderly shutdown of a computer system in the event of a power outage, and the isolation it provides from the power line minimizes all forms of interference—spikes, noise, etc.

ABOUT AUDIO CABLES

The connections between the XT and your studio are your music’s lifeline, so use only high quality cables. These should be low-capacitance shielded cables with a stranded (not solid) internal conductor and a low-resistance shield. Although quality cables cost more, they do make a difference. Route cables to the XT correctly by observing the following precautions:

• Do not bundle audio cables with AC power cords.

• Avoid running audio cables near sources of electromagnetic interference such as transformers, monitors, computers, etc.

• Do not place cables where they can be stepped on. Stepping on a cable may not cause immediate damage, but it can compress the insulation between the center conductor and shield (degrading performance) or reduce the cable’s reliability.

• Avoid twisting the cable or having it make sharp, right angle turns.

• Never unplug a cable by pulling on the wire itself. Always unplug by firmly grasping the body of the plug and pulling directly outward.

• Although Alesis does not endorse any specific product, chemicals such as Tweek and Cramolin, when applied to electrical connectors, are claimed to improve the electrical contact between connectors.

Setting Up: Chapter 1

ADAT XT Reference Manual 9

Chapter 1: Setting Up

BASIC AUDIO HOOKUP

When connecting audio cables and/or turning power on and off, make sure that all

devices in your system are turned off and the volume controls are turned down.

The XT provides eight -10dBV analog outputs via phono connectors. These should be connected to your mixer’s tape or line inputs. Alternatively, a multi-pin connector can be used with the XT’s +4dBu analog inputs and outputs (see Chapter 3).

Mixer Inputs Bus Outputs

INPUT NORMALING

The XT has eight -10 dBV analog inputs, but you can choose between three different Input Modes: 2-Input Mode, 4-Input Mode and 8-Input Mode. These can provide three different analog audio input hookup options, and are available for both -10 dBV and +4dBu analog inputs:

• 2 Bus Mixer. Connect the mixer’s two bus outputs to the XT’s INPUTS [1] and [2]. Select 2-Input Mode on the XT by holding the [ANALOG INPUT] button and pressing either Track Select buttons [1] or [2]; notice that the INPUT LEDs for tracks 1 and 2 remain lit until you release the [ANALOG INPUT] button.

• 4 Bus Mixer. Connect the mixer’s four bus outputs to the XT’s INPUTS [1] through [4]. Select 4-Input Mode by holding the [ANALOG INPUT] button and pressing either Track Select buttons [3] or [4]; notice that the INPUT LEDs for tracks 1 through 4 remain lit until you release the [ANALOG INPUT] button.

• 8 Bus Mixer/Direct Outputs. Connect the mixer’s eight bus outputs (or 8 direct outputs) to the XT’s INPUTS [1] through [8]. Select 8-Input Mode by holding the [ANALOG INPUT] button and pressing any Track Select button from [5] - [8]; notice that the INPUT LEDs for tracks 1 through 8 remain lit until you release the [ANALOG INPUT] button.

10 ADAT XT Reference Manual

“THREADED” VS. “UNTHREADED”

Analog audio recorders typically move tape past the heads at anywhere from 1-7/8 to 30 inches per second. Higher speeds result in a higher record high-frequency signals. The XT’s digital audio signals require much higher bandwidth than analog audio signals. In addition to moving the tape faster than standard S-VHS VCRs, the XT increased the head/drum speed for increased bandwidth. In contrast to analog multi-track recorders, the tape and rotating heads of the XT remain in contact when the tape is stopped. This allows for going into play or record faster, as well as “cue” and “review” functions that let you monitor the tape audio in fast forward or rewind.

When the tape is unthreaded (the [STOP] LED will be flashing), the head is not spinning and it takes slightly longer to go into play or record. This is because the tape moves away from the head automatically after being stopped for 4 minutes, in order to prolong tape and head life. When a tape is threaded, rewinding or fast forwarding will operate 40 times faster than normal play speed. Cue and review functions are not possible while the tape is unthreaded.

When the tape is threaded and stopped (the [STOP] LED will remain lit), you can manually unthread it by pressing the [STOP] button. The [STOP] LED will flash, indicating the tape is now unthreaded. Pressing either [PLAY] or [STOP] will rethread the tape (or by simultaneously pressing [PLAY] and [RECORD] to engage recording).

Setting Up: Chapter 1

bandwidth

, or an ability to

If the tape is threaded, and no transport activity (play, record, rewind, etc.) occurs for 4 minutes, the tape will automatically unthread itself to minimize tape wear.

A WORD ON ADAT’S S-VHS CASSETTE TAPE

Alesis recommends you use only cannot overemphasize the importance of this. We recommend using AMPEX 489 DM

Digital Mastering Audio Tape, or Alesis ADAT Mastering Audio Cassettes. Other acceptable brands include Maxell XR-S Black, JVC XZ, 3M Master Broadcast and ASD 40+, and TDK SP Super Pro. The cassette shell, hubs, rollers and tape guides in S-VHS cassettes are precision devices that properly handle and protect the tape

within them.

Do not use inexpensive, budget VHS tapes. ONLY USE S-VHS TAPES.

We do not recommend that you use inexpensive, budget VHS cassettes. While they may work technically, their unpredictable quality and less than premium formulation will decrease the reliability of your recording. Inferior tapes not only jeopardize the recordings made on them, they may shed oxide and leave behind a coating of dirt that will interfere with future recordings, even if you switch back to premium quality tape. Defective tape may even clog the head, requiring service. Don’t trust your work to anything less than premium quality S-VHS tape.

Accidents can happen – so, like computer floppy disks and hard disks, your XT tapes should be backed up to prevent loss. Back up your tapes to another XT or ADAT using the fiber optic digital connector (see

premium quality, name brand

Making Backups

on page 60).

S-VHS cassettes. We

Treat your tapes as the precision, fragile components that they are. Do not expose them to extremes of heat, cold, or humidity (in other words, don’t leave them in your car). Never place tapes near magnetic fields (such as power amps, TVs, monitors, magnets, etc.) and handle tapes gently.

ADAT XT Reference Manual 11

Chapter 1: Setting Up

OPERATING ENVIRONMENT

HERMAL CONSIDERATIONS IN RACK MOUNTING

The XT can be mounted in an equipment rack (taking up 3 rack spaces) or placed on a table or shelf. When you install it, keep in mind that

electronic equipment.

• The XT is designed to perform properly over a range of ambient temperatures from 10∞ C to +40∞ C (50∞ F to 104∞ F), in up to 80% non-condensing humidity. These are not absolute limits, but Alesis cannot guarantee that the XT will meet its published specs or remain reliable if operated outside of these ranges.

• Always allow adequate ventilation behind the XT . Do not seal any enclosure that holds the XT . It is not necessary to leave an empty rack space above or below the XT unless it runs hot enough to affect equipment above or below it.

• You will need to remove the screw-on feet from the bottom of the XT if any equipment will be mounted directly below it.

MOUNTING ON A SHELF OR NON-RACK ENCLOSURE

To mount the XT on a shelf or other flat surface, Alesis recommends using the attached screw-on feet to avoid scratching the shelf’s surface with the deck’s bottom. Please observe the general comments on thermal considerations given under “Thermal Considerations in Rack Mounting” no matter where or how the deck is mounted.

Please observe the following:

heat is the major enemy of

AVOIDING ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE

Like all tape machines, the XT uses magnetic tape that can be sensitive to electromagnetic interference. Generally this is not a problem, but avoid mounting the XT next to devices that generate strong magnetic fields such as power amplifiers, monitors and video display devices, speakers, etc.

12 ADAT XT Reference Manual

Your First Session With The ADAT XT: Chapter 2

CHAPTER 2

YOUR FIRST SESSION

WITH THE ADAT-XT

POWER-UP, AND TAPE INSERTION

Connect the power cord which accompanies the XT between the three-prong power socket on the back panel and an AC outlet receptacle. Please note that there are grounding considerations to be aware of. See pages 7–9 for more information.

The XT can produce a transient audio signal during power up and power down. When

turning the XT on or off, be sure to keep monitor levels low.

Turn the XT’s power on by pressing the [POWER] button. At power-up the display will briefly look like this:

Ad At

In a few seconds, the display will change depending on the status of the tape chamber.

• If a formatted tape is present, the TIME counter will show the elapsed time since the beginning of the tape (unless it is somewhere in the first two minutes of tape, called the “lead” and “data” sections):

ABS

0H 15M 48S 21

• If an unformatted tape is present, the FORMAT icon will flash and the TIME counter will read:

ABS

n0 F0

• If there is no tape, the display shows:

ABS

-- -- -- --

Insert the tape with the hinged door end first, label side up, until you encounter a slight bit of resistance. Push gently on the center of the tape cassette until the XT draws the tape inward; never force the tape into the cassette door.

ADAT XT Reference Manual 13

Chapter 2: Your First Session With The ADAT XT

FORMATTING A TAPE – A MUST!

Formatting prepares a tape for 8 channels of audio, and adds a master timecode reference and sample rate information to the data section. Similar to formatting a floppy disk to use on a computer or sampler, formatting an XT tape time-stamps the tape to single-sample accuracy so that audio is referenced to an accurate time base. This makes the synchronization process between XT and ADAT compatible machines possible and provides both accurate tape counter readings and intelligent autolocation functions. For more information, see completing the following exercise, we recommend you perform a complete format.

Formatting a tape erases audio on all eight tracks. Be sure to check that the tape is

either blank or contains unwanted material before formatting. We recommend that you format your tapes completely from beginning to end.

SAMPLE RATE SELECTION

Before formatting, select the sample rate you will be using (either 48 kHz or 44.1 kHz). This is done by pressing the [CLOCK SELECT] button. Each time [CLOCK SELECT] is pressed, the XT will cycle between INT 48K, INT 44.1K and DIG (the section on the right side of the display labeled CLOCK will indicate the currently selected sample rate).

Note:

For more information about the DIG option (Digital Audio Clock), see page

44.

Tape Formatting

in Chapter 4. After

FORMATTING A NEW TAPE

To Format a new tape:

¿ Insert a fresh, blank tape.

The XT will acknowledge that this is an unformatted tape; the flash in the display while the counter display reads “

noFO

.”

FORMAT

icon will

¡ Press the [FORMAT] button.

The word

[RECORD]

[FORMAT]

LEDs for tracks 1 through 8 will now be flashing.

in the display will stop flashing and remain lit. The

¬ Hold [RECORD], and then press [PLAY].

If the tape was not completely rewound, the XT will automatically rewind it to the beginning. The XT then performs a complete format by recording 15 seconds of leader (the LED display will read “ display will read “ the end of the tape.

dAtA

”), then timecode starting at 0:00:00.00 and continuing to

LEAd

”), followed by two minutes of data (the

RECORDING WHILE FORMATTING

You can record onto tape ENABLE buttons [1]–[8] for any track(s) you wish to record on before pressing the

[FORMAT] button. Prepare your source material to start playback at 0:00:00.00 on the XT or later (do not begin recording before 0:00:00.00). See next section for more information on setting levels and recording.

while

formatting. Simply press any of the RECORD

14 ADAT XT Reference Manual

MAKING A RECORDING

Recording on the XT is very similar to most multitrack tape machines. The process involves formatting a tape (see previous tutorial), putting one or more tracks into record-ready, adjusting record levels on your mixer, setting the input monitor mode, locating to the start tape address and engaging record. In this tutorial, we will be recording from the analog audio inputs at the start of the audio portion of the tape (0:00:00.00). For more information on this and recording from the digital bus, see pages 37 through 41 of chapter 4.

TRACK SELECTION AND SETTING LEVELS

You’ll find the RECORD ENABLE buttons ([1]–[8]) for all eight tracks on the left side of the front panel, beneath the display. A track is considered “safe” when its [REC] LED is off, in “record-ready” when its [REC] LED is flashing, and in record when its [REC] LED is lit solid.

To record-enable a track:

¿ Choose a track to record on, and press the track’s associated RECORD ENABLE

button [1]–[8].

ready.

¡ Send an audio signal to the track(s) you have placed into record-ready.

Adjust the levels on your mixer so that the “average” level is at -15 dB on the peak meters of the XT and the loudest section never goes beyond 0 dB. Digital audio recording is different from analog recording, and therefore requires a different method when setting levels. For more information, see page 41 of chapter 4.

The selected track’s

Your First Session With The ADAT XT: Chapter 2

[REC]

LED will flash to indicate it is in record-

Setting Levels

¬ To take a track out of record-ready (safe), press its associated RECORD

ENABLE button again.

safe.

The selected track’s

[REC]

LED will turn off to indicate it is

TIME COUNTER

Before recording, you should familiarize yourself with the transport buttons, and the 7-segment TIME counter in the top left corner of the display. Ordinarily, the TIME counter will show Absolute (ABS) time, which is the exact time reference being read directly off of the formatted tape. The tape position is displayed as hours:minutes: seconds.hundredths-of-a-second. (This counter may be changed to show 30 frames per second, see page 45 for more information.)

ABS

0H 15M 48S 21

Pressing the [ABS/REL] button will toggle the display between ABS Time and Relative Time. The display will either indicate ABS or REL to the left of the TIME counter.

REL

0H 01M 29S 03

Relative Time reflects the current tape position 0:00:00.00 position. This is similar to resetting the tape counter on a cassette deck. However, the XT gives you the option of reading the actual tape position (ABS Time) or the tape position relative to the location you marked as 0:00:00.00 (Relative Time).

Before you start recording, for the first time be sure the TIME counter is set to ABS Time to avoid confusion. For more information, see page 35.

relative

to where you set the Relative

ADAT XT Reference Manual 15

Chapter 2: Your First Session With The ADAT XT

TRANSPORT BUTTONS

During recording and playback, the following transport buttons are used frequently. Get familiar with them by using them while watching the TIME counter.

REWIND High speed reverse. Press with [PLAY] to initiate FAST FWD High speed forward. Press with [PLAY] to initiate STOP Stops transport and disables recording.

While the transport is stopped, this button toggles between threaded (LED is lit) and unthreaded modes (LED is flashing).

PLAY Starts playback. Initiates recording when pressed with [RECORD].

Stops recording when in record mode while continuing to play. Press with [FAST FWD] to initiate Press with [REWIND] to initiate

RECORD Press with [PLAY] to initiate recording.

Cue

Review

mode.

review cue

mode.

RECORDING

Recording takes place only on tracks that are in record-ready. When you start recording, the [RECORD] LED lights, and the [REC] LEDs for those tracks in recordready will stop flashing and remain lit. If no tracks are in record-ready when recording takes place, the [RECORD] LED will flash to indicate that pressing any of the RECORD ENABLE buttons will initiate recording on the selected track.

To make a recording:

¿ Use the [REWIND] or [FAST FWD] button to locate to the desired tape position

Either the was pressed), indicating that the transport is moving in that direction. The TIME counter will indicate the current tape location status while the transport is in motion.

¡ When you’ve arrived at the desired tape address, press the [STOP] button.

The

[REWIND]

[STOP]

LED lights.

[FAST FWD]

LED will light (depending on which button

¬ Hold [PLAY], and then press [RECORD].

Both the

[PLAY]

and

[RECORD]

LEDs will light to indicate you are recording.

÷ To go in and out of record on the individual tracks while record mode is engaged,

press any of the RECORD ENABLE buttons [1] – [8].

Record-enabled tracks will have their enabled during recording, the

[RECORD]

REC

LED lit. If no tracks are record-

LED will flash.

ƒ To punch out without stopping, press [PLAY].

The

[RECORD]

LED turns off, while the

[PLAY]

LED remains lit.

ª To punch out and stop the transport, press [STOP]

The

[RECORD]

Note:

When recording for the first time, be sure the Auto Input function is off. When recording over previous material (also known as punching), turn the Auto Input function on. Use the [AUTO INPUT] button to turn Auto Input on and off. The AUTO INPUT icon will light in the display when Auto Input is on. See page 39 for more info.

16 ADAT XT Reference Manual

and

[PLAY]

LEDs turn off; the

[STOP]

LED lights.

Your First Session With The ADAT XT: Chapter 2

PLAYBACK

There are several ways to quickly play back your recording. You’ll use the transport buttons first.

To play back a recording:

¿ Press [REWIND] to locate back to a tape position before you engaged recording.

The

[REWIND]

the current tape location status while the transport is in motion.

LED will light and the TIME counter will roll backward to indicate

¡ Once you have arrived at the desired tape address, press the [STOP] button.

The

[REWIND]

LED will turn off and the

[STOP]

LED will light.

¬ Press [PLAY].

The

[PLAY]

been engaged.

LED will flash briefly, and then will light to indicate play mode has

÷ Press [STOP] to stop playback.

The

[PLAY]

LED will turn off and the

[STOP]

LED will light.

REVIEWING AND CUEING

When you are trying to locate a particular section of a recording, it is often helpful to use the reverse at a speed 3 times faster than play while hearing “fragments” of audio. Cue mode, on the other hand, plays forward at a speed 3 times faster than Play mode while also letting you hear “chunks” of audio. By listening to the audio in either mode, you can quickly find the section you are looking for.

review

and

cue

modes on the XT. Review mode lets you play the tape in

To engage Review mode:

¿ Simultaneously press [REWIND] and [PLAY].

The

[PLAY]

LED will light and the

[REWIND]

LED will flash.

¡ Press [PLAY] to resume Play mode.

The

[PLAY]

LED will remain lit while the

[REWIND]

LED will turn off.

¬ Alternatively, you can press [STOP] to stop the transport.

Both the on.

To engage Cue mode:

[PLAY]

and

[REWIND]

LEDs will turn off, and the

¿ Simultaneously press [FAST FWD] and [PLAY].

The

[PLAY]

LED will light and the

[FAST FWD]

LED will flash.

¡ Press [PLAY] to resume Play mode.

The

[PLAY]

LED will remain lit while the

[FAST FWD]

LED will turn off.

¬ Alternatively, you can press [STOP] to stop the transport.

Both the turn on.

[PLAY]

and

[FAST FWD]

LEDs will turn off, and the

[STOP]

LED will turn

LED will

ADAT XT Reference Manual 17

Chapter 2: Your First Session With The ADAT XT

LOCATING

Up to 10 tape positions can be stored for easy recall. These are called and can be stored either “on the fly” while the transport is engaged, or when the transport is stopped. Once a Locate Point is stored, its corresponding tape position can be edited. For more info about locating and editing Locate Points, see page 48.

Each Locate Points’ tape position will be shown in either ABS Time or Relative Time,

depending on which is selected. The tape positions themselves, however, do not move when switching between these modes.

To store locate points “on the fly”:

¿ Press [PLAY], [FAST FWD] or [REWIND] to set the tape transport in motion. ¡ Press or hold [SET LOCATE].

The

LOCATE

dash (–).

icon will appear in the display immediately followed by a flashing

¬ While holding [SET LOCATE] (or within two seconds after releasing [SET

LOCATE]), press one of the [LOCATE 1] through [LOCATE 9] buttons.

The current tape position is transferred into the selected Locate Point.

To edit locate points:

Locate Points

¿ Press the [EDIT VALUE]button.

The

EDIT

icon will appear in the display along with one of three icons appearing

below it:

LOCATE, TAPE OFFSET

TRACK DELAY

¡ Use [LOCATE 0] through [LOCATE 9] buttons to select a Locate Point Memory.

The

LOCATE

will appear to its right to reflect the button you have pressed.

icon will appear (if not already present) and a number from 0 to 9

¬ Hold [EDIT VALUE] and use the [LOCATE 0] – [LOCATE 9] buttons as a numeric

key-pad (0-9) to enter the tape position you wish to set for the selected Locate Point.

Enter the tape position from left to right. Example: To enter 0:05:00.00, you would hold

[EDIT VALUE]

0], [LOCATE 0]

and type

[LOCATE 5], [LOCATE 0], [LOCATE 0], [LOCATE

÷ Use the [s] and [t] buttons to fine adjust the Locate Point address as desired.

To recall a locate point:

¿ Press one of the [LOCATE 1] through [LOCATE 9] buttons.

Either fast forward or rewind will engage, as indicated by either button’s LED. When the locate function is complete, the transport will stop, and the will light. If you wish the transport to automatically go into play after the locate function is complete, turn on Auto Play (see next section).

To set the Relative 0:00:00.00 position (Locate 0):

[STOP]

LED

¿ Press [PLAY], [FAST FWD] or [REWIND] as required to move the tape to the

position you wish to regard as “0:00:00.00” (Relative Time).

Remember, ABS Time is the timecode being read from tape. Setting the Locate 0 position is always done in Relative Time.

¡ Press [SET LOCATE], immediately followed by pressing [LOCATE 0].

The current tape position is stored into Locate 0, and the TIME counter will display :

REL 0H 00M 00S 00

18 ADAT XT Reference Manual

Your First Session With The ADAT XT: Chapter 2

ADAT XT Reference Manual 19

Chapter 2: Your First Session With The ADAT XT

CREATING A LOOP

The Auto Return function causes the XT to automatically rewind back to a specified tape position (Locate 1) when playback or recording has reached a specified position (Locate 4). Both Locates 1 and 4 are assignable to any tape position using the methods described in the previous section.

The Auto Play function is used to automatically engage playback whenever a locate function is completed. By using both the Auto Return and Auto Play functions, a loop can be created whereby the same region of tape is repeatedly played back. For more information on related functions, see the section entitled Chapter 4.

To loop a section of tape:

¿ Store the tape position where you want the loop to begin into [LOCATE 1].

Refer to the previous section for instructions.

¡ Store the tape position where you want the loop to end into [LOCATE 4]. ¬ Press [AUTO RETURN] to enable Auto Return.

In the right side of the display, the that Auto Return is enabled. The XT will now automatically rewind back to the tape position stored in Locate 1 upon reaching the tape position stored in Locate

AUTO-RETURN

Autolocation Controls

icon will appear indicating

÷ Press [AUTO PLAY] to enable Auto Play.

In the right side of the display, the Auto Play is enabled. The XT will now automatically engage playback upon completing a locate.

AUTO-PLAY

icon will appear indicating that

ƒ If necessary, press [REWIND] to rewind the tape to a location that is before

Locate 4’s position.

ª Alternatively, you can press [LOCATE 1] to locate directly to its stored tape

position.

D Press [PLAY] to engage playback.

The

[PLAY]

4’s position is reached, the tape will automatically rewind back to Locate 1’s position and then automatically go back into Play mode.

If the current Locate 1 position is set beyond the current Locate 4 position and Auto Return is turned on, the Locate 1 or 4 will have to be set properly before this function will operate.

LED will light and the transport will go into Play mode. When Locate

AUTO-RTN

icon in the display will flash to indicate that

20 ADAT XT Reference Manual

AUTOMATED RECORDING

So far, all of your recording has been done manually — you pressed the transport buttons when you wanted to start and stop recording. Auto recording stops and starts recording automatically at predetermined times. This is useful when you want to precisely punch in to a specific place on one or more tracks.

In this section, we will be storing the punch points (called Punch In and Punch Out) “on the fly” while playback is engaged. You can, however, manually modify the precise Punch In and Out points. Auto Return and Auto Play (described in the previous section) help make Auto Recording more functional. For more information, see page 51.

To automatically punch in and out:

¿ Store the tape position where you want to begin recording into [LOCATE 2].

Refer to page 18 for instructions.

¡ Store the tape position where you want to end recording into [LOCATE 3]. ¬ Press [AUTO RECORD] to enable Auto Record

In the right side of the display, the Auto Record is enabled. Note: If Locate 2’s position is past Locate 3’s position, the TIME counter will temporarily read “

Your First Session With The ADAT XT: Chapter 2

AUTO-REC

invALid”.

icon will appear indicating that

J J

÷ Press [REWIND] to rewind the tape before Locate 2’s position.

ƒ Record enable the track(s) you wish to record on.

The selected tracks’

[REC]

LEDs flashes.

ª Simultaneously press [PLAY] and [RECORD].

The

[PLAY]

Play mode. When Locate 2’s position is reached, the XT will automatically punchin (

[PLAY], [RECORD]

Recording will continue until Locate 3’s position is reached, at which point the XT will automatically punch-out, returning to play mode ( LED off, track

LED lights, the

and track

[REC]

LEDs flashing).

[RECORD]

[REC]

LED flashes and the transport will engage

LED(s) stop flashing and remain lit).

[PLAY]

LED lit,

[RECORD]

D Press [STOP] to stop the transport.

If none of the tracks are in record-ready (all eight point is reached, the

If a record is initiated past Locate 2’s position, but before Locate 3’s position, then record is entered immediately. If the record is initiated after Locate 3’s position, then the record command is ignored and the transport is left in play mode.

[RECORD]

LED will continue flashing instead of lighting solid.

[REC]

LEDs off) when the punch-in

REHEARSING

By pressing the [REHEARSE] button (the REHEARSE icon will light in the display), you can run through the Auto-Record process without actually recording anything. However, the input monitors on the tracks that enabled for recording will switch from tape to input when the punch-in occurs, and back to tape when the punch-out occurs (this requires that the Auto Input function be turned on, see page 39). The [RECORD] LED will continue flashing throughout the punch in and out. This way you can try out your punch locations first without recording over anything. In other words, you can measure twice (or more), and cut only once!

ADAT XT Reference Manual 21

Chapter 2: Your First Session With The ADAT XT

PITCH CONTROL

The Pitch function controls the speed of the tape, and thus the pitch of the audio recorded on tape. The XT’s Pitch control has a range of -300 to +100 cents when using a sample rate of 48kHz, and a range of -200 to +200 cents when using

44.1kHz. Use the PITCH [s] and [t] buttons to control the amount of pitch change. When either button is pressed once, the PITCH icon lights in the display, and the TIME counter immediately displays the current amount of Pitch change. The Pitch amount is displayed both as a percentage (%) and as cents.

ABS

To set the Pitch amount:

00% 00. 00

(Percentage) / (Cents)

¿ Press and hold either PITCH [s] or [t].

After holding for more than two seconds, the Pitch amount will start either increasing or decreasing, depending on which button was pressed.

TRACK DELAY

The XT allows you to delay the playback of any track in relation to the other tracks (and the TIME counter) by a maximum of 170 milliseconds. This can be very useful when some tracks are slightly “off”, or when you need to move a particular instrument to get it “in the pocket”, or when you just want to create an interesting effect (like copying a track and delaying the copy).

To delay a track:

¿ Press [EDIT VALUE].

The

EDIT

icon will light in the display.

¡ Press [TRACK DELAY].

The

TRACK DELAY

icon will light, just below the

EDIT

icon.

¬ Choose a track to edit by pressing one of the RECORD ENABLE buttons [1]–[8].

A number will appear to the left of the editing.

EDIT

icon representing the track you are

÷ Use the [s] and [t] buttons to adjust the delay amount in .1 ms increments.

ƒ Hold the [EDIT VALUE] button and enter a specific delay value using the

[LOCATE 0] thought [LOCATE 9] buttons.

The TIME counter will display the selected track’s delay amount.

1 70. 0 mS

Simultaneously, the peak meter for the selected track will rise to indicate the amount of track delay you have selected.

ª Repeat steps 3 and 4 for any other tracks you wish to delay. D Press [EDIT VALUE] to exit Edit mode.

The

EDIT

icon will turn off.

« Press [TRACK DELAY] to enable the Track Delay feature.

The

TRACK DELAY

icon will light, indicating that track delays are now in effect.

» If necessary, repeat steps ¿ through ƒ to edit the delay value of any track.

22 ADAT XT Reference Manual

TRACK COPY

It is possible to copy the audio material from one track to another on the same tape within the XT without leaving the digital domain and without the need for any audio cables. In fact, you can copy up to 4 tracks at a time using the Track Copy feature. For more information on using the Track Copy function, see page 38.

To bounce audio from one track to another:

¿ Press and hold [TRACK COPY].

The

¡ While holding [TRACK COPY], select a source track (up to 4) by pressing any of

the RECORD ENABLE buttons [1]–{8].

The track that is already in record-ready ( RECORD ENABLE is pressed, its

[TRACK COPY]

¬ Release [TRACK COPY], and choose a destination track (up to 4) by pressing

one of the RECORD ENABLE buttons [1]–[8].

The source track as a destination track; if its RECORD ENABLE is pressed, its LED won’t light.

Your First Session With The ADAT XT: Chapter 2

TRK COPY

INPUT

REC

icon will light in the display.

LEDs for the selected track(s) will light. Note: You can’t select a

REC

LED lit) as a source track; if its

INPUT

button.

LEDs for the selected track(s) will light. Note: You cannot select a

LED won’t light while holding the

REC

÷ Use the [REWIND], [FAST FWD] or [LOCATE 0] through [LOCATE 9] buttons to

move to the section of tape which holds the audio you wish to copy.

ƒ Simultaneously press [RECORD] and [PLAY] to initiate recording.

The

[RECORD]

and

ª When you are finished, press [STOP].

The

[STOP]

While the not be able to record any audio being fed to the analog or digital inputs. To record from the analog inputs, you must press the icon will light in the display).

LED will light and the transport will stop.

TRK COPY

icon is lit (indicating that Track Copy mode is selected) you will

DISPLAY BRIGHTNESS

If necessary, the brightness of the XT’s display may be adjusted to allow more suitable viewing under various lighting conditions.

To adjust the display brightness:

¿ Hold the [PEAK CLEAR] button. ¡ While still holding [PEAK CLEAR], press either PITCH [s] or [t] to dim or brighten.

The display will immediately respond by either dimming or brightening, depending on which button was pressed.

[PLAY]

LEDs will light and recording will begin.

[ANALOG INPUT]

button (the

ANALOG

ADAT XT Reference Manual 23

CHAPTER 3

CONNECTIONS

ANALOG AUDIO – UNBALANCED INPUTS

NPUT JACK CHARACTERISTICS

The XT includes eight unbalanced, phono jack inputs. These are compatible with lowimpedance, unbalanced, -10 dBV outputs typical of equipment such as mixers, synthesizers, samplers, direct boxes, etc.

The unbalanced input jack wiring convention is as follows:

round

Connections: Chapter 3

TipSignal

Sleev

Tip

Sleeve

TYPICAL INPUT JACK HOOKUPS

The input jacks are typically hooked up in one of three ways:

• To the console’s direct tape outs (these patch a single channel directly to

tape, bypassing most mixer circuitry). This is preferred when the signals going to tape require none of the mixer’s features (effects, grouping, routing, etc.).

• To eight mixer bus outputs. You can use the mixer for grouping, premixing,

effects, etc. This puts more circuitry between the input signals and XT, although since most routing can be done at the mixer, you’ll seldom need to do any repatching.

• To a combination of direct outputs and bus outputs. Some situations require

a combination of the two approaches. record with two vocal mics, four mics on drums, two direct feeds from guitar and bass amps, and one direct feed from keyboards. The vocals, bass, guitar, and keyboards could be taken direct and go to five XT tracks. The four drum mics can be mixed to stereo within your mixer sent to the submix outs, then go to two XT tracks. The remaining XT track could be used to record audience sounds or capture one of the instruments in stereo, if applicable.

Example:

Consider a live gig you want to

ANALOG AUDIO – UNBALANCED OUTPUTS

The -10 dBV outputs use RCA jacks, and carry signals at a nominal -10 dBV level. These should be connected to your mixer’s channel line inputs or tape returns. The unbalanced outputs wiring scheme is similar to that of the unbalanced inputs (see previous section).

ADAT XT Reference Manual 23

Chapter 3: Connections

ANALOG AUDIO – BALANCED INPUTS AND OUTPUTS

The +4 dBu balanced line inputs and outputs use an ELCO® multipin connector. The balanced in/out connector wiring scheme is as follows:

INPUTS

OUTPUTS

Larger Key Notch

Note:

The larger of the two outer key notches is at the bottom.

Both the unbalanced and balanced inputs and outputs may be used simultaneously.

Pin out letters are referenced to the alphabetical designation on a standard 56-pin ELCO connector.

Channel GND NEG POS Channel GND NEG POS In 1 NN JJ HH Out 1 Z c d In 2 CC y x Out 2 P U V In 3 t n m Out 3 D J K In 4 FF MM LL Out 4 T M N In 5 w BB AA Out 5 H B C In 6 KK EE D D Out 6 W a b In 7 z v u Out 7 L R S In 8 p l k Out 8 A E F

Additional grounds: r, s, h, j, e, f, X, and Y.

ELCO is a registered trademark of Elco Corporation - a Kyocera Group Company

24 ADAT XT Reference Manual

ANALOG AUDIO – INPUT MODE

The XT lets you choose one of three Input Modes for both the Unbalanced and Balanced inputs:

2-Input Mode Input 1 feeds Tracks 1, 3, 5 and 7.

Input 2 feeds Tracks 2, 4 , 6 and 8.

4-Input Mode Input 1 feeds Tracks 1 and 5.

Input 2 feeds Tracks 2 and 6. Input 3 feeds tracks 3 and 7. Input 4 feeds tracks 4 and 8.

8-Input Mode Each Input feeds its own track.

The reason for these three modes is to take equal advantage of 2, 4 and 8 bus mixing consoles. If you have two buses, connect them to inputs 1 and 2. If using four buses, connect them to inputs 1 through 4.

To select the appropriate Input Mode, hold the [ANALOG INPUT] button and press one of the RECORD ENABLE buttons ([1]–[8]). The [INPUT] LEDs, located along the bottom of the display below the VU meters, will light up to indicate the Input Mode you have selected.

Connections: Chapter 3

While holding [ANALOG INPUT]

Press [1] or [2]... ...to select 2-Input Mode. Tracks 1 and 2

Press [3] or [4]... ...to select 4-Input Mode. Tracks 1 through 4

Press [5], [6], [7] or [8]... ...to select 8-Input Mode. All Tracks (1 – 8)

When using a 2 bus mixer, connect its two outputs to the XT’s unbalanced inputs 1 and 2 and select 2-Input Mode. Anytime you want to record on an odd number track you will route the signal(s) to bus #1 or left. Likewise, to record onto an even number track, route the signal(s) to bus #2 or right. By simply putting the desired track into record, the proper signal will get there, although not directly connected to the track’s input jack.

When using a 4 bus mixer, connect its four outputs to the XT’s unbalanced inputs 1 through 4 and select 4-Input Mode. Anytime you want to record on tracks 1 or 5 you will route the signal(s) to bus #1. Likewise, to record onto tracks 2 or 6, route the signal(s) to bus #2, and so on.

Result [INPUT] LEDs lit for...

ADAT XT Reference Manual 25

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