Alcatel-Lucent OMNISWITCH 6800-6850-9000 Management Guide

Part No. 060215-10, Rev. D
June 2007

OmniSwitch 6800 Series
OmniSwitch 6850 Series
OmniSwitch 9000 Series

Switch Management Guide

www.alcatel-lucent.com

This user guide documents release 6.1.5 of the OmniSwitch 6800 Series, OmniSwitch 6850 Series,

and OmniSwitch 9000 Series and release 6.2.1 of the OmniSwitch 6850 Series.

The functionality described in this guide is subject to change without notice.

Copyright © 2007 by Alcatel-Lucent. All rights reserved. This document may not be reproduced in whole
or in part without the express written permission of Alcatel-Lucent.

®

Alcatel-Lucent
OmniSwitch

and the Alcatel-Lucent logo are registered trademarks of Alcatel-Lucent. Xylan®,

®

, OmniStack®, and Alcatel-Lucent OmniVista® are registered trademarks of Alcatel-Lucent.

OmniAccess™, Omni Switch/Router™, PolicyView™, RouterView™, SwitchManager™, VoiceView™,
WebView™, X-Cell™, X-Vision™, and the Xylan logo are trademarks of Alcatel-Lucent.

This OmniSwitch product contains components which may be covered by one or more of the following
U.S. Patents:

•U.S. Patent No. 6,339,830

•U.S. Patent No. 6,070,243

•U.S. Patent No. 6,061,368

•U.S. Patent No. 5,394,402

•U.S. Patent No. 6,047,024

•U.S. Patent No. 6,314,106

•U.S. Patent No. 6,542,507

•U.S. Patent No. 6,874,090

26801 West Agoura Road

Calabasas, CA 91301

[phone] FAX [phone]

[e-mail]

US Customer Support—[phone]

International Customer Support—[phone]

Internet—service.esd.alcatel-lucent.com

ii OmniSwitch 6800/6850/9000 Switch Management Guide June 2007

Contents

About This Guide ........................................................................................................xiii

Supported Platforms ........................................................................................................xiii

Who Should Read this Manual? ...................................................................................... xiv

When Should I Read this Manual? .................................................................................. xiv

What is in this Manual? ................................................................................................... xiv

What is Not in this Manual? ............................................................................................ xiv

How is the Information Organized? ................................................................................. xv

Documentation Roadmap ................................................................................................. xv

Related Documentation ..................................................................................................xvii

User Manual CD .............................................................................................................xix

Technical Support ........................................................................................................... xix

Chapter 1 Managing System Files .............................................................................................1-1

In This Chapter ................................................................................................................1-1

File Management Specifications .....................................................................................1-2

Switch Administration Overview ....................................................................................1-3

File Transfer .............................................................................................................1-3

Switch Directories ....................................................................................................1-4

File and Directory Management ......................................................................................1-5

Using Wildcards .......................................................................................................1-7

Multiple Characters ...........................................................................................1-7

Single Characters ...............................................................................................1-7

Directory Commands ...............................................................................................1-8

Determining Your Location in the File Structure ..............................................1-8

Changing Directories .........................................................................................1-9

Displaying Directory Contents ........................................................................1-10

Making a New Directory .................................................................................1-12

Displaying Directory Contents Including Subdirectories ................................1-13

Copying an Existing Directory ........................................................................1-13

Removing a Directory and its Contents ...........................................................1-14

File Commands ......................................................................................................1-15

Creating or Modifying Files ............................................................................1-15

Copy an Existing File ......................................................................................1-15

Secure Copy an Existing File ..........................................................................1-16

Move an Existing File or Directory .................................................................1-16

Change File Attribute and Permissions ...........................................................1-18

Delete an Existing File ....................................................................................1-18

Managing Files on Switches ............................................................................1-19

OmniSwitch 6800/6850/9000 Switch Management Guide June 2007 iii

Contents

Utility Commands ..................................................................................................1-20

Displaying Free Memory Space ......................................................................1-20

Performing a File System Check .....................................................................1-20

Deleting the Entire File System .......................................................................1-20

Loading Software onto the Switch ................................................................................1-21

Using the Switch as an FTP Server ........................................................................1-21

Using the Switch as an FTP Client .........................................................................1-23

Using Secure Shell FTP .........................................................................................1-25

Closing a Secure Shell FTP Session ......................................................................1-26

Using Zmodem .......................................................................................................1-27

Registering Software Image Files .................................................................................1-29

Directories on the Switch .......................................................................................1-29

Using the Install Command ....................................................................................1-30

Available Image Files .............................................................................................1-31

Application Examples for File Management ................................................................1-32

Transferring a File to the Switch Using FTP .........................................................1-32

Creating a File Directory on the Switch .................................................................1-33

FTP Client Application Example ....................................................................1-34

Creating a File Directory Using Secure Shell FTP ................................................1-35

Transfer a File Using Secure Shell FTP .................................................................1-37

Closing a Secure Shell FTP Session ......................................................................1-37

Verifying Directory Contents ........................................................................................1-37

Setting the System Clock ..............................................................................................1-38

Setting Date and Time ............................................................................................1-38

Date ..................................................................................................................1-38

Time Zone .......................................................................................................1-38

Time .................................................................................................................1-39

Daylight Savings Time Configuration ...................................................................1-40

Enabling DST ..................................................................................................1-41

Chapter 2 Logging Into the Switch ............................................................................................2-1

In This Chapter ................................................................................................................2-1

Login Specifications ........................................................................................................2-2

Login Defaults .................................................................................................................2-2

Quick Steps for Logging Into the Switch ........................................................................2-3

Overview of Switch Login Components .........................................................................2-4

Management Interfaces ............................................................................................2-4

Logging Into the CLI .........................................................................................2-4

Using the WebView Management Tool ............................................................2-5

Using SNMP to Manage the Switch ..................................................................2-5

User Accounts ..........................................................................................................2-5

Using Telnet ....................................................................................................................2-6

Logging Into the Switch Via Telnet .........................................................................2-6

Starting a Telnet Session from the Switch ...............................................................2-6

Using FTP .......................................................................................................................2-7

Using FTP to Log Into the Switch ...........................................................................2-7

iv OmniSwitch 6800/6850/9000 Switch Management Guide June 2007

Contents

Using Secure Shell ..........................................................................................................2-8

Secure Shell Components .........................................................................................2-8

Secure Shell Interface ........................................................................................2-8

Secure Shell File Transfer Protocol ...................................................................2-8

Secure Shell Application Overview .........................................................................2-9

Secure Shell Authentication ...................................................................................2-10

Protocol Identification .....................................................................................2-10

Algorithm and Key Exchange .........................................................................2-10

Authentication Phase .......................................................................................2-10

Connection Phase ............................................................................................2-11

Using Secure Shell DSA Public Key Authentication .............................................2-11

Starting a Secure Shell Session ..............................................................................2-11

Closing a Secure Shell Session ..............................................................................2-13

Log Into the Switch with Secure Shell FTP ...........................................................2-13

Closing a Secure Shell FTP Session ......................................................................2-14

Modifying the Login Banner .........................................................................................2-15

Modifying the Text Display Before Login .............................................................2-16

Configuring Login Parameters ......................................................................................2-17

Configuring the Inactivity Timer ..................................................................................2-17

Enabling the DNS Resolver ..........................................................................................2-18

Verifying Login Settings ...............................................................................................2-18

Chapter 3 Configuring Network Time Protocol (NTP) ..........................................................3-1

In This Chapter ................................................................................................................3-1

NTP Specifications ..........................................................................................................3-2

NTP Defaults Table .........................................................................................................3-2

NTP Quick Steps .............................................................................................................3-3

NTP Overview ................................................................................................................3-5

Stratum .....................................................................................................................3-6

Using NTP in a Network ..........................................................................................3-6

Authentication ..........................................................................................................3-8

Configuring NTP .............................................................................................................3-9

Configuring the OmniSwitch as a Client .................................................................3-9

NTP Servers ...........................................................................................................3-10

Using Authentication ..............................................................................................3-12

Verifying NTP Configuration .......................................................................................3-13

OmniSwitch 6800/6850/9000 Switch Management Guide June 2007 v

Contents

Chapter 4 Managing CMM Directory Content ........................................................................4-1

In This Chapter ................................................................................................................4-1

CMM Specifications .......................................................................................................4-2

CMM Files ......................................................................................................................4-3

CMM Software Directory Structure .........................................................................4-3

Where is the Switch Running From? .................................................................4-4

Software Rollback Feature .......................................................................................4-4

Software Rollback Configuration Scenarios for a Single Switch .....................4-5

Redundancy ..............................................................................................................4-9

Redundancy Scenarios .......................................................................................4-9

Managing the Directory Structure (Non-Redundant) ...................................................4-13

Rebooting the Switch .............................................................................................4-13

Copying the Running Configuration to the Working Directory ............................4-16

Rebooting from the Working Directory .................................................................4-18

Copying the Working Directory to the Certified Directory ...................................4-21

Copying the Certified Directory to the Working Directory ...................................4-22

Show Currently Used Configuration ......................................................................4-23

Show Switch Files ..................................................................................................4-24

Managing Redundancy in a Stack and CMM ...............................................................4-25

Rebooting the Switch .............................................................................................4-25

Copying the Working Directory to the Certified Directory ...................................4-26

Synchronizing the Primary and Secondary CMMs ................................................4-27

CMM Switching Fabric ..........................................................................................4-28

Swapping the Primary CMM for the Secondary CMM .........................................4-29

Show Currently Used Configuration ......................................................................4-30

NI Module Behavior During Takeover ...........................................................4-31

Emergency Restore of the boot.cfg File ........................................................................4-32

Can I Restore the boot.file While Running from Certified? ..................................4-32

Displaying CMM Conditions ........................................................................................4-33

Chapter 5 Using the CLI ...............................................................................................................5-1

CLI Specifications ...........................................................................................................5-2

CLI Overview ..................................................................................................................5-2

Online Configuration ................................................................................................5-2

Offline Configuration Using Configuration Files ....................................................5-3

Command Entry Rules and Syntax .................................................................................5-3

Text Conventions .....................................................................................................5-3

Using “Show” Commands .......................................................................................5-4

Using the “No” Form ...............................................................................................5-4

Using “Alias” Commands ........................................................................................5-4

Partial Keyword Completion ....................................................................................5-5

Command Help ...............................................................................................................5-5

Tutorial for Building a Command Using Help .........................................................5-7

CLI Services ....................................................................................................................5-9

Command Line Editing ............................................................................................5-9

Deleting Characters ...........................................................................................5-9

vi OmniSwitch 6800/6850/9000 Switch Management Guide June 2007

Contents

Recalling the Previous Command Line ...........................................................5-10

Inserting Characters .........................................................................................5-10

Syntax Checking ....................................................................................................5-11

Prefix Recognition ..................................................................................................5-11

Example for Using Prefix Recognition ...........................................................5-12

Prefix Prompt ...................................................................................................5-13

Command History ..................................................................................................5-13

Logging CLI Commands and Entry Results .................................................................5-15

Enabling Command Logging ..........................................................................5-15

Disabling Command Logging .........................................................................5-15

Viewing the Current Command Logging Status .............................................5-16

Viewing Logged CLI Commands and Command Entry Results ....................5-16

Customizing the Screen Display ...................................................................................5-17

Changing the Screen Size .......................................................................................5-17

Changing the CLI Prompt ......................................................................................5-17

Displaying Table Information ................................................................................5-18

Filtering Table Information ....................................................................................5-19

Multiple User Sessions ..................................................................................................5-20

Listing Other User Sessions ...................................................................................5-20

Listing Your Current Login Session ......................................................................5-21

Terminating Another Session .................................................................................5-22

Application Example .....................................................................................................5-23

Using a Wildcard to Filter Table Information ........................................................5-23

Verifying CLI Usage .....................................................................................................5-24

Chapter 6 Working With Configuration Files .........................................................................6-1

In This Chapter ................................................................................................................6-1

Configuration File Specifications ...................................................................................6-2

Tutorial for Creating a Configuration File ......................................................................6-2

Quick Steps for Applying Configuration Files ...............................................................6-4

Setting a File for Immediate Application .................................................................6-4

Setting an Application Session for a Date and Time ...............................................6-4

Setting an Application Session for a Specified Time Period ...................................6-5

Configuration Files Overview .........................................................................................6-6

Applying Configuration Files to the Switch ............................................................6-6

Verifying a Timed Session ................................................................................6-6

Cancelling a Timed Session ..............................................................................6-7

Configuration File Error Reporting ...................................................................6-7

Setting the Error File Limit ...............................................................................6-8

Syntax Checking ................................................................................................6-8

Displaying a Text File ..............................................................................................6-9

Text Editing on the Switch .......................................................................................6-9

Invoke the “Vi” Editor .......................................................................................6-9

Creating Snapshot Configuration Files .........................................................................6-10

Snapshot Feature List .............................................................................................6-10

User-Defined Naming Options ........................................................................6-11

OmniSwitch 6800/6850/9000 Switch Management Guide June 2007 vii

Contents

Editing Snapshot Files .....................................................................................6-11

Verifying File Configuration .........................................................................................6-14

Chapter 7 Managing Switch User Accounts ............................................................................7-1

In This Chapter ................................................................................................................7-1

User Database Specifications ..........................................................................................7-2

User Account Defaults ....................................................................................................7-2

Overview of User Accounts ............................................................................................7-3

Startup Defaults ........................................................................................................7-4

Quick Steps for Network Administrator User Accounts ..........................................7-5

Quick Steps for Creating Customer Login User Accounts ......................................7-6

Default User Settings ...............................................................................................7-7

How User Settings Are Saved ..................................................................................7-7

Creating a User ................................................................................................................7-8

Removing a User ......................................................................................................7-8

User-Configured Password ......................................................................................7-8

Setting a Minimum Password Size ...........................................................................7-9

Configuring Password Expiration ............................................................................7-9

Default Password Expiration ...........................................................................7-10

Specific User Password Expiration .................................................................7-10

Configuring Privileges for a User .................................................................................7-11

Setting Up SNMP Access for a User Account ..............................................................7-12

SNMP Access Without Authentication/Encryption ...............................................7-12

SNMP Access With Authentication/Encryption ....................................................7-13

Removing SNMP Access From a User ..................................................................7-13

Setting Up End-User Profiles ........................................................................................7-14

Creating End-User Profiles ....................................................................................7-15

Setting Up Port Ranges in a Profile .......................................................................7-15

Setting Up VLAN Ranges in a Profile ...................................................................7-15

Associating a Profile With a User ..........................................................................7-16

Removing a Profile From the Configuration ..........................................................7-16

Verifying the User Configuration .................................................................................7-16

Associating a Profile With a User ..........................................................................7-16

Removing a Profile From the Configuration ..........................................................7-16

Verifying the User Configuration .................................................................................7-16

Chapter 8 Managing Switch Security ........................................................................................8-1

In This Chapter ................................................................................................................8-1

Switch Security Specifications ........................................................................................8-2

Switch Security Defaults .................................................................................................8-2

Switch Security Overview ...............................................................................................8-3

Authenticated Switch Access ..........................................................................................8-4

AAA Servers—RADIUS or LDAP ..........................................................................8-4

Authentication-only—ACE/Server ..........................................................................8-4

viii OmniSwitch 6800/6850/9000 Switch Management Guide June 2007

Contents

Interaction With the User Database .........................................................................8-5

ASA and Authenticated VLANs ..............................................................................8-5

Configuring Authenticated Switch Access .....................................................................8-6

Quick Steps for Setting Up ASA ....................................................................................8-7

Setting Up Management Interfaces for ASA ..................................................................8-9

Enabling Switch Access .........................................................................................8-10

Configuring the Default Setting .............................................................................8-10

Using Secure Shell .................................................................................................8-11

Configuring Accounting for ASA .................................................................................8-12

Verifying the ASA Configuration .................................................................................8-13

Chapter 9 Using WebView ...........................................................................................................9-1

In This Chapter ................................................................................................................9-1

WebView CLI Defaults ...................................................................................................9-2

Browser Setup .................................................................................................................9-2

WebView CLI Commands ..............................................................................................9-3

Enabling/Disabling WebView ..................................................................................9-3

Changing the HTTP Port ..........................................................................................9-3

Enabling/Disabling SSL ...........................................................................................9-3

Changing the HTTPS Port ........................................................................................9-4

Quick Steps for Setting Up WebView ............................................................................9-5

WebView Overview ........................................................................................................9-5

WebView Page Layout .............................................................................................9-5

Banner ................................................................................................................9-6

Toolbar ..............................................................................................................9-6

Feature Options .................................................................................................9-7

View/Configuration Area ..................................................................................9-7

Configuring the Switch With WebView .........................................................................9-8

Accessing WebView ................................................................................................9-8

Home Page ...............................................................................................................9-9

Configuration Page .................................................................................................9-10

Global Configuration Page ..............................................................................9-10

Table Configuration Page ................................................................................9-11

Table Features .................................................................................................9-13

Adjacencies ............................................................................................................9-17

WebView Help ..............................................................................................................9-18

General WebView Help .........................................................................................9-18

Specific-page Help .................................................................................................9-18

OmniSwitch 6800/6850/9000 Switch Management Guide June 2007 ix

Contents

Chapter 10 Using SNMP ...............................................................................................................10-1

In This Chapter ..............................................................................................................10-1

SNMP Specifications ....................................................................................................10-2

SNMP Defaults .............................................................................................................10-2

Quick Steps for Setting Up An SNMP Management Station .......................................10-3

Quick Steps for Setting Up Trap Filters ........................................................................10-4

Filtering by Trap Families ......................................................................................10-4

Filtering by Individual Traps ..................................................................................10-5

SNMP Overview ...........................................................................................................10-6

SNMP Operations ..................................................................................................10-6

Using SNMP for Switch Management ...................................................................10-7

Setting Up an SNMP Management Station .....................................................10-7

SNMP Versions ......................................................................................................10-7

SNMPv1 ..........................................................................................................10-7

SNMPv2 ..........................................................................................................10-8

SNMPv3 ..........................................................................................................10-8

SNMP Traps Table .................................................................................................10-9

Using SNMP For Switch Security ..............................................................................10-26

Community Strings (SNMPv1 and SNMPv2) .....................................................10-26

Configuring Community Strings ...................................................................10-26

Encryption and Authentication (SNMPv3) ..........................................................10-27

Configuring Encryption and Authentication .................................................10-27

Setting SNMP Security .................................................................................10-28

Working with SNMP Traps ........................................................................................10-29

Trap Filtering ........................................................................................................10-29

Filtering by Trap Families .............................................................................10-29

Filtering By Individual Trap ..........................................................................10-29

Authentication Trap ..............................................................................................10-30

Trap Management ................................................................................................10-30

Replaying Traps .............................................................................................10-30

Absorbing Traps ............................................................................................10-30

Sending Traps to WebView ...........................................................................10-30

SNMP MIB Information .............................................................................................10-31

MIB Tables ...........................................................................................................10-31

MIB Table Description ..................................................................................10-31

Industry Standard MIBs .......................................................................................10-32

Enterprise (Proprietary) MIBs ..............................................................................10-37

Verifying the SNMP Configuration ............................................................................10-42

x OmniSwitch 6800/6850/9000 Switch Management Guide June 2007

Contents

Appendix A Software License and Copyright Statements .....................................................A-1

Alcatel-Lucent License Agreement ................................................................................A-1

ALCATEL-LUCENT SOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT ............................A-1

Third Party Licenses and Notices ..................................................................................A-4

A. Booting and Debugging Non-Proprietary Software ..........................................A-4

B. The OpenLDAP Public License: Version 2.4, 8 December 2000 .....................A-4

C. Linux ..................................................................................................................A-5

D. GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE: Version 2, June 1991 .......................... A-5

E. University of California ...................................................................................A-10

F. Carnegie-Mellon University ............................................................................A-10

G. Random.c .........................................................................................................A-10

H. Apptitude, Inc. .................................................................................................A-11

I. Agranat .............................................................................................................A-11

J. RSA Security Inc. ............................................................................................A-11

K. Sun Microsystems, Inc. ....................................................................................A-11

L. Wind River Systems, Inc. ................................................................................A-12

M. Network Time Protocol Version 4 ...................................................................A-12

Index ...................................................................................................................... Index-1

OmniSwitch 6800/6850/9000 Switch Management Guide June 2007 xi

Contents

xii OmniSwitch 6800/6850/9000 Switch Management Guide June 2007

About This Guide

This OmniSwitch 6800/6850/9000 Switch Management Guide describes basic attributes of your switch and
basic switch administration tasks. The software features described in this manual are shipped standard with
your OmniSwitch 6800 Series, OmniSwitch 6850 Series, and OmniSwitch 9000 Series switches. These
features are used when readying a switch for integration into a live network environment.

Supported Platforms

This information in this guide applies to the following products:

• OmniSwitch 9000 Series

• OmniSwitch 6850 Series

• OmniSwitch 6800 Series

Note. This OmniSwitch Switch Management Guide covers Release 6.1.5, which is supported on
OmniSwitch 6800 Series, OmniSwitch 6850 Series, and OmniSwitch 9000 Series switches and 6.2.1,
which is supported on the OmniSwitch 6850 Series switches. OmniSwitch 6600 Family, OmniSwitch
7700/7800, and OmniSwitch 8800 switches use Release 5.x. Please refer to the 5.x user guides for those
switches.

Unsupported Platforms

The information in this guide does not apply to the following products:

• OmniSwitch (original version with no numeric model name)

• OmniSwitch 6600 Family

• OmniSwitch 7700/7800

• OmniSwitch 8800

• Omni Switch/Router

• OmniStack

• OmniAccess

OmniSwitch 6800/6850/9000 Switch Management Guide June 2007 page -xiii

Who Should Read this Manual?

The audience for this user guide are network administrators and IT support personnel who need to config­ure, maintain, and monitor switches and routers in a live network. However, anyone wishing to gain
knowledge on how fundamental software features are implemented in the OmniSwitch 6800 Series,
OmniSwitch 6850 Series, and OmniSwitch 9000 Series switches will benefit from the material in this
configuration guide.

When Should I Read this Manual?

Read this guide as soon as your switch is up and running and you are ready to familiarize yourself with
basic software functions. You should have already stepped through the first login procedures and read the
brief software overviews in the OmniSwitch 6800 Series Getting Started Guide, OmniSwitch 6850 Series
Getting Started Guide, or OmniSwitch 9000 Series Getting Started Guide.

You should have already set up a switch password and be familiar with the very basics of the switch soft­ware. This manual will help you understand the switch’s directory structure, the Command Line Interface
(CLI), configuration files, basic security features, and basic administrative functions. The features and
procedures in this guide will help form a foundation that will allow you to configure more advanced
switching features later.

What is in this Manual?

This configuration guide includes information about the following features:

• Basic switch administrative features, such as file editing utilities, procedures for loading new software,

and setting up system information (name of switch, date, time).

• Configurations files, including snapshots, off-line configuration, time-activated file download.

• The CLI, including on-line configuration, command-building help, syntax error checking, and line edit-

ing.

• Basic security features, such as switch access control and customized user accounts.

• SNMP

• Web-based management (WebView)

What is Not in this Manual?

The configuration procedures in this manual primarily use Command Line Interface (CLI) commands in
examples. CLI commands are text-based commands used to manage the switch through serial (console
port) connections or via Telnet sessions. This guide does include introductory chapters for alternative
methods of managing the switch, such as web-based (WebView) and SNMP management. However the
primary focus of this guide is managing the switch through the CLI.

Further information on WebView can be found in the context-sensitive on-line help available with that
application.

page -xiv OmniSwitch 6800/6850/9000 Switch Management Guide June 2007

This guide does not include documentation for the OmniVista network management system. However,
OmniVista includes a complete context-sensitive on-line help system.

This guide provides overview material on software features, how-to procedures, and tutorials that will
enable you to begin configuring your OmniSwitch. However, it is not intended as a comprehensive refer­ence to all CLI commands available in the OmniSwitch. For such a reference to all OmniSwitch 6800/
6850/9000 CLI commands, consult the OmniSwitch CLI Reference Guide.

How is the Information Organized?

Each chapter in this guide includes sections that will satisfy the information requirements of casual read­ers, rushed readers, serious detail-oriented readers, advanced users, and beginning users.

Quick Information. Most chapters include a specifications table that lists RFCs and IEEE specifications
supported by the software feature. In addition, this table includes other pertinent information such as mini­mum and maximum values and sub-feature support. Some chapters include a defaults table that lists the
default values for important parameters along with the CLI command used to configure the parameter.
Many chapters include Quick Steps sections, which are procedures covering the basic steps required to get
a software feature up and running.

In-Depth Information. All chapters include overview sections on software features as well as on selected
topics of that software feature. Topical sections may often lead into procedure sections that describe how
to configure the feature just described. Many chapters include tutorials or application examples that help
convey how CLI commands can be used together to set up a particular feature.

Documentation Roadmap

The OmniSwitch user documentation suite was designed to supply you with information at several critical
junctures of the configuration process. The following section outlines a roadmap of the manuals that will
help you at each stage of the configuration process. Under each stage, we point you to the manual or
manuals that will be most helpful to you.

Stage 1: Using the Switch for the First Time

Pertinent Documentation: Getting Started Guide

Release Notes

A hard-copy Getting Started Guide is included with your switch; this guide provides all the information
you need to get your switch up and running the first time. It provides information on unpacking the switch,
rack mounting the switch, installing NI modules, unlocking access control, setting the switch’s IP address,
and setting up a password. It also includes succinct overview information on fundamental aspects of the
switch, such as hardware LEDs, the software directory structure, CLI conventions, and web-based
management.

At this time you should also familiarize yourself with the Release Notes that accompanied your switch.
This document includes important information on feature limitations that are not included in other user
guides.

OmniSwitch 6800/6850/9000 Switch Management Guide June 2007 page -xv

Stage 2: Gaining Familiarity with Basic Switch Functions

Pertinent Documentation: Hardware Users Guide

Switch Management Guide

Once you have your switch up and running, you will want to begin investigating basic aspects of its hard­ware and software. Information about switch hardware is provided in the Hardware Guide. This guide
provide specifications, illustrations, and descriptions of all hardware components, such as chassis, power
supplies, Chassis Management Modules (CMMs), Network Interface (NI) modules, and cooling fans. It
also includes steps for common procedures, such as removing and installing switch components.

The Switch Management Guide is the primary users guide for the basic software features on a single
switch. This guide contains information on the switch directory structure, basic file and directory utilities,
switch access security, SNMP, and web-based management. It is recommended that you read this guide
before connecting your switch to the network.

Stage 3: Integrating the Switch Into a Network

Pertinent Documentation: Network Configuration Guide

Advanced Routing Configuration Guide

When you are ready to connect your switch to the network, you will need to learn how the OmniSwitch
implements fundamental software features, such as 802.1Q, VLANs, Spanning Tree, and network routing
protocols. The Network Configuration Guide contains overview information, procedures, and examples on
how standard networking technologies are configured in the OmniSwitch.

The Advanced Routing Configuration Guide includes configuration information for networks using
advanced routing technologies (OSPF and BGP) and multicast routing protocols (DVMRP and PIM-SM).

Anytime

The OmniSwitch CLI Reference Guide contains comprehensive information on all CLI commands
supported by the switch. This guide includes syntax, default, usage, example, related CLI command, and
CLI-to-MIB variable mapping information for all CLI commands supported by the switch. This guide can
be consulted anytime during the configuration process to find detailed and specific information on each
CLI command.

page -xvi OmniSwitch 6800/6850/9000 Switch Management Guide June 2007

Related Documentation

The following are the titles and descriptions of all the related OmniSwitch 6800/6850/9000 user manuals:

• OmniSwitch 6800 Series Getting Started Guide

Describes the hardware and software procedures for getting an OmniSwitch 6800 Series switch up and
running. Also provides information on fundamental aspects of OmniSwitch software and stacking
architecture.

• OmniSwitch 6850 Series Getting Started Guide

Describes the hardware and software procedures for getting an OmniSwitch 6850 Series switch up and
running. Also provides information on fundamental aspects of OmniSwitch software and stacking
architecture.

• OmniSwitch 6800 Series Hardware Users Guide

Detailed technical specifications and procedures for the OmniSwitch 6800 Series chassis and compo­nents. Also includes comprehensive information on assembling and managing stacked configurations.

• OmniSwitch 6850 Series Hardware User Guide

Complete technical specifications and procedures for all OmniSwitch 6850 Series chassis, power
supplies, and fans. Also includes comprehensive information on assembling and managing stacked
configurations.

• OmniSwitch 9000 Series Getting Started Guide

Describes the hardware and software procedures for getting an OmniSwitch 9000 Series up and
running. Also provides information on fundamental aspects of OmniSwitch software architecture.

• OmniSwitch 9000 Series Hardware Users Guide

Complete technical specifications and procedures for all OmniSwitch 9000 Series chassis, power
supplies, fans, and Network Interface (NI) modules.

• OmniSwitch CLI Reference Guide

Complete reference to all CLI commands supported on the OmniSwitch 9000 Series. Includes syntax
definitions, default values, examples, usage guidelines and CLI-to-MIB variable mappings.

• OmniSwitch 6800/6850/9000 Switch Management Guide

Includes procedures for readying an individual switch for integration into a network. Topics include
the software directory architecture, image rollback protections, authenticated switch access, managing
switch files, system configuration, using SNMP, and using web management software (WebView).

• OmniSwitch 6800/6850/9000 Network Configuration Guide

Includes network configuration procedures and descriptive information on all the major software
features and protocols included in the base software package. Chapters cover Layer 2 information
(Ethernet and VLAN configuration), Layer 3 information (routing protocols, such as RIP), security
options (authenticated VLANs), Quality of Service (QoS), and link aggregation.

OmniSwitch 6800/6850/9000 Switch Management Guide June 2007 page -xvii

• OmniSwitch 6800/6850/9000 Advanced Routing Configuration Guide

Includes network configuration procedures and descriptive information on all the software features and
protocols included in the advanced routing software package. Chapters cover multicast routing
(DVMRP and PIM-SM), and OSPF.

• OmniSwitch Transceivers Guide

Includes information on Small Form Factor Pluggable (SFPs) and 10 Gbps Small Form Factor Plugga­bles (XFPs) transceivers.

• Technical Tips, Field Notices

Includes information published by Alcatel-Lucent’s Customer Support group.

• Release Notes

Includes critical Open Problem Reports, feature exceptions, and other important information on the
features supported in the current release and any limitations to their support.

page -xviii OmniSwitch 6800/6850/9000 Switch Management Guide June 2007

User Manual CD

All user guides are included on the User Manual CD that accompanied your switch. This CD also includes
user guides for other Alcatel-Lucent data enterprise products. In addition, it contains a stand-alone version
of the on-line help system that is embedded in the OmniVista network management application.

Besides the OmniVista documentation, all documentation on the User Manual CD is in
requires the Adobe Acrobat Reader program for viewing. Acrobat Reader freeware is available at
www.adobe.com.

Note. In order to take advantage of the documentation CD’s global search feature, it is recommended that
you select the option for searching PDF files before downloading Acrobat Reader freeware.

To verify that you are using Acrobat Reader with the global search option, look for the following button in
the toolbar:

Note. When printing pages from the documentation PDFs, de-select Fit to Page if it is selected in your
print dialog. Otherwise pages may print with slightly smaller margins.

PDF format and

Technical Support

An Alcatel-Lucent service agreement brings your company the assurance of 7x24 no-excuses technical
support. You’ll also receive regular software updates to maintain and maximize your Alcatel-Lucent prod­uct’s features and functionality and on-site hardware replacement through our global network of highly
qualified service delivery partners. Additionally, with 24-hour-a-day access to Alcatel-Lucent’s Service
and Support web page, you’ll be able to view and update any case (open or closed) that you have reported
to Alcatel-Lucent’s technical support, open a new case or access helpful release notes, technical bulletins,
and manuals. For more information on Alcatel-Lucent’s Service Programs, see our web page at
service.esd.alcatel-lucent.com, call us at 1-800-995-2696, or email us at [e-mail].

OmniSwitch 6800/6850/9000 Switch Management Guide June 2007 page -xix

page -xx OmniSwitch 6800/6850/9000 Switch Management Guide June 2007

1 Managing System Files

This chapter describes the several methods of transferring software files onto the OmniSwitch and how to
register those files for use by the switch. This chapter also describes several basic switch management
procedures and discusses the Command Line Interface (CLI) commands used.

• File Management (copy, secure copy, edit, rename, remove, change, and display file attributes)

• Directory Management (create, copy, move, remove, rename, and display directory information)

• System Date and Time (set system clock)

CLI commands are used in the configuration examples; for more details about the syntax of commands,
see the OmniSwitch CLI Reference Guide.

In This Chapter

Configuration procedures described in this chapter include:

• “Loading Software onto the Switch” on page 1-21

• “Creating a File Directory on the Switch” on page 1-33

• “Registering Software Image Files” on page 1-29

• “Setting the System Clock” on page 1-38

For related information about connecting a terminal to the switch, see your Getting Started Guide. For
information about switch command privileges, see Chapter 8, “Managing Switch Security.”

OmniSwitch 6800/6850/9000 Switch Management Guide June 2007 page 1-1

File Management Specifications Managing System Files

File Management Specifications

The following table lists specifications for the OmniSwitch flash directory and file system as well as the
system clock.

Note. The functionality described in this chapter is supported on the OmniSwitch 6800, 6850, and 9000
switches unless otherwise stated in the following Specifications table or specifically noted within any
section of this chapter.

File Transfer Methods FTP, Zmodem

Switch Software Utility OmniSwitch as an FTP Client

Configuration Recovery The flash/certified directory holds configurations that are certified as

the default start-up files for the switch. They will be used in the event of
a non-specified reload.

Switch /flash Directory

• 64 MB flash memory available for switch files and directories

(OmniSwitch 6800 and 6850)

• 128 MB flash memory available for switch files and directories

(OmniSwitch 9000)

• Contains the /certified and /working directories

File/Directory Name Metrics

File/Directory Name Characters Character types are limited to a-z, A-Z, 0-9, dashes (-), dots (.), and

Maximum Number of
Files/Directories

Sub-Directories Up to seven sub-directories allowed including /flash.

Text Editing Vi standard UNIX editor. The Ed standard UNIX editor is available in

System Clock Set local date, time and time zone, Universal Time Coordinate (UTC),

System Date Default Value THU JAN 01 1970 (Thursday, January 1, 1970)

• 32 characters maximum for directory and file names

(OmniSwitch 6800 and 6850)

• 128 characters maximum for directory and file names

(OmniSwitch 9000)

• 255 character maximum for a fully qualified path

underlines (_).

Maximum of 244 files and/or directories allowed in the root (flash)
directory.

the debug mode.

Daylight Savings (DST or summertime).

page 1-2 OmniSwitch 6800/6850/9000 Switch Management Guide June 2007

Managing System Files Switch Administration Overview

Switch Administration Overview

The OmniSwitch has a variety of software features designed for different networking environments and
applications. Over the life of the switch, it is very likely that your configuration and feature set will change
because the needs of your network are likely to expand. Also, software updates become available from
Alcatel-Lucent. If you change your configuration to upgrade your network, you must understand how to
install switch files and to manage switch directories.

The OmniSwitch 6800 and 6850 switches have 64 MB and the OmniSwitch 9000 switches have 128 MB
of usable flash memory. You can use this memory to store files, including executable files (used to oper­ate switch features and applications), configuration files, and log files.

You need to understand the various methods of loading files onto the switch for software upgrades and
new features. Once the files are on the switch, the CLI has commands that allow you to load, copy, and
delete these files. The CLI also has commands for displaying, creating, and editing ASCII files directly on
the switch. You may also want to establish a file directory structure to help organize your files on the
switch.

All the files and directories on the switch bear a time stamp. This is useful for switch administration
because the time stamp allows you to tell at a glance which files are the most recent. You can set the
system clock that controls these time stamps as well as other time based switch functions.

File Transfer

The switch can receive and send files by using industry standard local and remote transfer methods. Each
of these methods is defined and explained. Because file transfers can involve logging onto the switch from
a remote host, security factors, such as DNS resolver and Authenticated Switch Access requirements
should be considered.

User’s Host

File Transfer from User’s
Host to the OmniSwitch

File Transfer to OmniSwitch

It is not enough to simply transfer a file onto the switch. Once files are on the switch, they must be
registered in order to become functional. The OmniSwitch has a directory structure that allows you to
install new software while maintaining a backup copy of your old configuration. This directory structure is
explained in the “Switch Directories” section on page 1-4 and instructions are given on how to execute the
install command in the “Registering Software Image Files” section on page 1-29.

OmniSwitch

OmniSwitch 6800/6850/9000 Switch Management Guide June 2007 page 1-3

Switch Administration Overview Managing System Files

Switch Directories

You can create your own directories in the switch flash directory. This allows you to organize your config­uration and text files on the switch. You can also use the vi command to create files. This chapter tells you
how to make, copy, move, and delete both files and directories.

Listing Directory: /flash

Directory: /flash/certified

(Files)

Directory: /flash/working

Directory: /flash/network

(Files)

Switch Flash Directory

(Files)

(Files)

boot.params
cs_system.pmd
boot.slot.cfg
boot.cfg.1.err
swlog1.log
swlog2.log

page 1-4 OmniSwitch 6800/6850/9000 Switch Management Guide June 2007

Managing System Files File and Directory Management

File and Directory Management

A number of CLI commands allow you to manage files on your switch by grouping them into sub­directories within the switch’s flash directory. These commands perform the same functions as file
management software applications (such as Microsoft Explorer) perform on a workstation. For
documentation purposes, we have categorized the commands into the following three groups.

• Directory commands allow you to create, copy, move, remove, rename, and display directories.

• File commands allow you copy, secure copy, edit, rename, remove, change, and display file attributes.

• Utility commands display memory and system diagnostic information.

The following illustration represents a sample flash directory that contains three directories and six files at
the top level. The sample working directory and the certified directory both hold five files. The sample
network directory holds one file.This sample flash directory is used in the explanations of the directory,
file and utility CLI commands described in the following section.

The switch may show files and directories different from the ones shown in this example.

boot.params

cs_system.pmd

boot.slot.cfg

Working Directory

Kadvrout.img

Ksecu.img

Kbase.img

boot.cfg.1.err

Kos.img

boot.cfg

boot.params

Sample Flash Directory

Flash Files

swlog1.log

swlog2.log

Network Directory

policy.cfg

Certified Directory

Ksecu.img

Krelease.img

Kos.img

Kbase.img

boot.cfg

boot.params

OmniSwitch 6800/6850/9000 Switch Management Guide June 2007 page 1-5

File and Directory Management Managing System Files

To list all the files and directories in your current directory, use the ls command. Here is a sample display
of the flash directory.

-> ls

Listing Directory /flash:

-rw 315 Jan 5 09:38 boot.params
drw 2048 Jan 5 09:22 certified/
drw 2048 Jan 5 09:22 working/

-rw 12 Dec 18 2030 boot.slot.cfg
drw 2048 Dec 27 2030 switch/

-rw 64000 Jan 5 09:37 swlog1.log

-rw 64000 Dec 27 2030 swlog2.log

-rw 256 Dec 27 2030 random-seed
drw 2048 Dec 18 2030 network/

40208384 bytes free

The following information describes the screen displayed by the ls command:

• The first column consists of three text characters. The first character indicates whether the row entry is

a file (-) or a directory (d). The second and third characters indicate the user’s read/write permissions.

drw 512 Oct 25 14:17 WORKING/

-rw 321 Oct 25 14:39 boot.params

Here, the first entry shows a directory (d) for which the user has read and write (rw) permissions. The
second entry shows a file (-) for which the user has read and write (rw) permissions.

• The second column indicates the number of bytes of flash memory the row entry occupies.

drw 512 Oct 25 14:17 WORKING/

-rw 321 Oct 25 14:39 boot.params

Here, the first entry shows that the directory uses 512 bytes of flash memory. The second entry shows
that the file occupies 321 bytes of flash memory.

• The third, fourth and fifth columns show the date and time the row entry was created or copied into the

flash directory.

drw 512 Oct 25 14:17 WORKING/

-rw 321 Oct 25 14:39 boot.params

Here, the first entry indicates the file was created or copied on April 22 at 05:23 hours. The second
entry indicates that the directory was created or copied on April 19 at 06:12 hours.

• The column on the right lists the file or directory name. Note that directory names end with a slash (/)

character.

drw 512 Oct 25 14:17 WORKING/

-rw 321 Oct 25 14:39 boot.params

Here, the first entry shows a directory named WORKING, the second entry shows a file named
boot.params.

• The value shown at the bottom of the display indicates the amount of flash memory remaining for use

in this directory (9.47 megabytes in the above example).

page 1-6 OmniSwitch 6800/6850/9000 Switch Management Guide June 2007

Managing System Files File and Directory Management

Using Wildcards

Wildcards allow you to substitute symbols (* or ?) for text patterns while using file and directory
commands. The asterisk (*) takes the place of multiple characters and the question mark character (?)
takes the place of single characters. More than one wildcard can be used within a single text string.

Multiple Characters

An asterisk (*) is used as a wildcard for multiple characters in a text pattern. The following command will
list all entries in the current directory that end with the .log extension:

-> ls *.log

Listing Directory /flash:

-rw 64000 Sep 21 19:49 swlog1.log

-rw 64000 Aug 12 19:06 swlog2.log

The following command lists all entries in the current directory that contain the i character.

-> ls *i*

Listing Directory /flash:

drw 2048 Aug 21 17:49 certified/
drw 2048 Aug 12 18:51 working/

-rw 31 Jul 29 2001 policy.cfg
drw 2048 Jul 28 12:17 switch/

Single Characters

The question mark (?) is used as a wildcard for a single character in a text pattern. The following
command will locate all entries containing swlog followed by any single character and the .log extension.

-> ls swlog?.log

Listing Directory /flash:

-rw 64000 Jul 21 19:49 swlog1.log

-rw 64000 Aug 12 19:06 swlog2.log

The single and multiple character wildcards can be used in combination. The following command lists all
entries containing the letter i followed by any two single characters.

-> ls *i??

Listing Directory /flash:

drw 2048 Aug 12 18:51 working/

OmniSwitch 6800/6850/9000 Switch Management Guide June 2007 page 1-7

File and Directory Management Managing System Files

Directory Commands

The directory commands are applied to the switch file system and to files contained within the file system.
When you first enter the flash directory, your login is located at the top of the directory tree. You may
navigate within this directory by using the pwd and cd commands (discussed below). The location of your
login within the directory structure is called your current directory. You need to observe your login
location because when you issue a command, that command applies only to directories and files in your
current directory unless another path is specified.

The following drawing is an OmniSwitch 6800 logical representation of the file directory shown in the
illustration on page 1-5.

Flash Directory

Certified Directory

(Files)

Ksecu.img
Kos.img
Krelease.img

boot.cfg

Working Directory

(Files)

Ksecu.img
Kbase.img
boot.cfg

Network Directory

(File)

policy.cfg

(Files)

boot.params
cs_system.pmd
boot.slot.cfg
boot.cfg.1.err
swlog.1.log
swlog2.log

Sample Switch Directory Tree

Note. The directory tree on OmniSwitch 6850 and OmniSwitch 9000 switches is similar.

Determining Your Location in the File Structure

Use the pwd command to display the path to your current directory. When you first log into the switch,
your current directory is the flash directory. If you enter the pwd command, the following will be
displayed:

-> pwd
/flash

->

The display shows the name of the current directory and its path. If your current directory is the certified
directory and you enter the pwd command, the following will be displayed:

-> pwd
/flash/certified

->

The display shows the path to your current directory.

page 1-8 OmniSwitch 6800/6850/9000 Switch Management Guide June 2007

Managing System Files File and Directory Management

Changing Directories

Use the cd command to navigate within the file directory structure. The cd command allows you to move
“up” or “down” the directory tree. To go down, you must specify a directory located in your current direc­tory. The following command example presumes your current directory is the /flash file directory as
shown in the directory on page 1-8 and that you want to move down the directory tree to the certified
directory.

->pwd
/flash

->cd certified

->

To verify that your current directory has changed to /flash/certified, use the pwd command and the
following will be displayed:

->pwd
/flash/certified

To move “up” the directory tree, use the cd command. Enter cd.. (cd dot dot) without specifying a direc-
tory name and your current directory will move up one directory level. If you enter cd without the dots,
your current directory will move to the top of the tree. The following example shows the cd command
used where the current directory is /flash/certified.

->pwd
/flash/certified

-> cd

->

To verify that your current directory has moved up the directory tree, use the pwd command to display
your location. The display shows you have moved up one level from the /flash/certified directory and that
your current directory is /flash.

-> pwd
/flash

If you use the cd command while you are at the top of the directory tree, the cd command will have no
effect on the location of your login. In other words, if you use cd while your current directory is /flash,
your current directory will remain /flash after you execute the cd command.

OmniSwitch 6800/6850/9000 Switch Management Guide June 2007 page 1-9

File and Directory Management Managing System Files

Displaying Directory Contents

The ls and dir commands have the same function. These two commands display the contents of the current
directory. If you use the ls or dir command while logged into the /flash file directory of the switch as
shown on page 1-8, the following will be displayed:

-> dir

Listing Directory /flash:

drw 512 Oct 25 14:39 certified/
drw 512 Jul 15 14:59 NETWORK/
drw 512 Oct 25 14:17 WORKING/

-rw 321 Oct 25 14:39 boot.params

-rw 163258 Oct 2 11:04 cs_system.pmd

-rw 11 Jul 30 14:09 boot.slot.cfg

-rw 693 Oct 9 11:55 boot.cfg.1.err

-rw 0 Oct 28 11:14 swlog1.log

-rw 64000 Oct 29 09:12 swlog2.log

9467904 bytes free

If you specify a path as part of the ls or dir command, your screen will list the contents of the directory at
the specified path.

-> ls /flash/certified

Listing Directory /flash/certified:

drw 2048 Oct 12 11:16 ./
drw 2048 Oct 12 15:58 ../

-rw 2636 Oct 12 11:16 boot.cfg

-rw 860086 Oct 26 11:07 Kos.img

-rw 123574 Oct 14 10:54 Ksecu.img

-rw 123574 Oct 14 10:54 Krelease.img

If you use the ls or dir command while logged into the /flash file directory of OmniSwitch 9000 Series,
the following will be displayed.

-> dir

Listing Directory /flash:

drw 1024 Nov 8 08:30 WORKING/

-rw 276 Nov 8 09:59 boot.params

-rw 4890749 Oct 21 21:43 cs_system.pmd

-rw 256 Nov 8 09:57 random-seed

-rw 64000 Nov 8 09:59 swlog1.log
drw 1024 Nov 8 08:31 certified/
drw 1024 Nov 8 08:29 NETWORK/
drw 1024 Nov 8 08:29 SWITCH/

-rw 222 Nov 8 09:59 boot.cfg.1.err

-rw 524288 Oct 31 10:51 u-boot.bin

-rw 834497 Oct 31 10:50 miniboot.uboot

-rw 64000 Nov 8 10:56 swlog2.log

-rw 719 Nov 6 12:07 test020

-rw 199567 Nov 5 11:16 rule930.txt

63308800 bytes free

page 1-10 OmniSwitch 6800/6850/9000 Switch Management Guide June 2007