Agilent 4396B Task Reference

Safety Summary

When you notice any of the unusual conditions listed below, immediately terminate operation and disconnect the power cable. Contact your local Agilent Technologies sales representative or authorized service company for repair of the instrument. If you continue to operate without repairing the instrument, there is a potential fire or shock hazard for the operator.

n Instrument operates abnormally. n Instrument emits abnormal noise, smell, smoke or a spark-like light

during the operation.

n Instrument generates high temperature or electrical shock during

operation.

n Power cable, plug, or receptacle on instrument is damaged. n Foreign substance or liquid has fallen into the instrument.

Agilent 4396B

Analyzer

Network/Spectrum/Impedance

Task

SERIAL

This

JP1KE.

F

or additional

\Serial

NUMBERS

manual applies

Number"

Reference

directly to

important information

in

Appendix A.

instruments with

about serial

serial

number

numbers,

prex

read

Agilent Part No. 04396-90040

Printed in Japan November 2002

Fourth Edition

Notice

The

information

without

This

notice

document

copyright.

photocopied,

the

prior

written

contained

.

contains

All

rights

reproduced,

consent

in

proprietary

are

reserved.

or

of

this

document is

information

No part

translated

the Agilent

subject to

that is

of this

to

another language

document may

Technologies

change

protected by

be

without

.

Agilent

T

echnologies

Component

1-3-2,

Murotani,

Hyogo

,

651-2241

T

est

Japan,

PGU-Kobe

Nishi-ku,

Japan

Ltd.

Kobe-shi,

c



Manual Printing

History

The manual's

edition. The

printing date

(Minor corrections

cause the

date to

extensive technical

March 1997

July 1997

March 2000

::

:

::

:

November 2002

changes when

and updates

change.)

changes are

:

and part

that are

The

manual

incorporated.

:

First

Second

:

Third

F

ourth

number indicate

a new

incorporated at

part

number

Edition

(part

(part number:

(part

its current

edition is

changes

number:

printed.

reprint do

when

04396-90020)

04396-90030)

04396-90040)

not

iii

Contents

1.

Overview

Key

Operation

Hardkeys

T

oggle

Numerical

Notes

Character

T

o

Enter

2.

Recommended

Step 1:

Step

Step 5: Setting the V

Step6:TuningtheSettings.............. 2-18

Preparing for

T

o

Connect

T

o

Preset

T

o

Select

T

o

Display

T

o

Select

2:

Setting

T

o

Select

T

o

Use

T

o

T

o

Select

3:

Selecting

T

o

Select

Notes

4:

Setting

T

o

Set

T

o

Set

T

o Set

T

o Change

Example:

T

o

Set

To Set the Frequency Range to Full Span . . . . .

Notes ...... ...... ..... .....

ToNarrowtheSpanSetting... ...... ....

ToZoomT

T

o Change the Zooming Magnication

T

o Display a Zoomed Trace on the Other Channel . .

To

Zoom Between the Marker and the 1Marker . . . .

To Set the Reference Level ............. 2-16

Using the Entry Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16

Using the Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16

To Change the Scale per Division .......... 2-17

To Set the Resolution Bandwidth (RBW) ....... 2-18

To Set the Video Bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19

Overview

and

Softkeys

Keys

Set

the

.

Entries

.

Entries

Characters

the

.

the

the Maximum

.

Spectrum

an

Unknown

the

Analyzer

A

ctive

Dual

Spectrum

the

Trigger

External

the

Trigger

Sweep

the

Display

.

..

the Frequency

Center

Marker

the Center

Displaying Harmonics

Frequency

oaP

art of the Trace

.

Measurement

a

Measurement

Signal

.

Channel

Channels

Trigger

Mode

Trigger

Condition

Measurement

Unit .

..

Frequency .

Position

Span

ertical Settings

Analyzer

.

Signal

.

Range .

P

eak

to

with

.

..

.

to Center

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

T

ask

Sequence

.

..

.

Mode

.

..

.

..

.

..

P

olarity

.

Center

the

..

.

..

F

ormat

.

..

Specied

...........

.

..

.

..

.

Step

..

.

.......

.....

.

..

.

.....

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

Size

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

. 1-1

1-1

. 1-2

1-2

. 1-2

.

2-2

. 2-2

2-3

. 2-3

.

2-4

.

2-5

.

2-5

.

2-5

.

2-6

.

2-6

. 2-7

.

2-7

.

2-7

.

2-8

.

2-8

.

2-8

.

2-9

.

2-10

.

2-10

.

2-12

. 2-12

2-13

2-14

2-15

2-16

Contents-1

T

o Turn

T

o Minimize

Step

7: P

T

oP

T

oUse

T

o Turn

T

o

P

Step

8:

T

o

Read

T

o

Stabilize

T

o

T

o

T

o

T

o

T

o

Use

T

o

Use

T

o

Search

T

o

Search

T

o

Specify

Using

T

o

Ignore

Dening

erforming

erform

the

O

erform

Reading

a

Stop

Use

the

Use

Maximum

Capture

the

Using

O the

the

External

the

V

alue

the

Sub-markers

1Marker

F

or

F

or

the

Small

the

Rotary

the

P

Video

the

Sweep

Calibration

Reference

Calibration

the

Measured

Using

the

Trace

Sweep

A

veraging

an

Unstable

a

Single

Multiple

Search

Marker

1Marker

P

eaks

P

eak Threshold

Knob

Marker

eak

Height

Bandwidth

Time

Level

Reference

.

for

the

Marker

.

Function

or

Minimum

Signal

.

P

eak

P

eaks

Range

.

..

.

..

.

Calibration

.

the

Result

.

Hold

Using

.

on

the

.

..

.

75

.

Trace

.

..

.

..

.

..



Conguration

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

Function

Signal

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

Track

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

. 2-21

.

. 2-22

..

.

. 2-24

. 2-26

..

.

2-19

2-20

2-21

2-23

2-26

2-27

2-28

2-29

2-30

2-31

2-32

2-34

2-35

3.

Typical

T

o

T

o Measure

T

oP

Step

To Measure Zero Span . . . . .

Notes ...... ....

To Track Unstable Harmonics Using Search Track . . . .

To Track and Zoom a Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Step 1: Setting the Wide Frequency Range . . . . . .

Step 2: Setting the Narrow Frequency Range for the

Spectrum

Measure

o

Convert

erform

T

o

T

o

To Stabilize the Trace Using the Video Trigger

To Read a Time Transition Using the Marker

the

1:

Determining

2:

Gate

3:

Setting

4:

A

djusting

5:

Setting

Set

the

Set

the

6:

Measuring

Other Channel ................. 3-14

Measurement

Noise

to

a

Dierent

Carrier

Time

Gated

Trigger

Center

Gate

RBW

Resolution

VBW

Level

to

Noise

Gate

Source

and

Trigger

,

VBW

Bandwidth

.

..

.

..

T

echniques

.

Equivalent

Ratio

Spectrum

Trigger

Connection

Span

,

and

..

.

...... ..... ..

Noise

Bandwidth

.

Analysis

P

arameters

.

Frequency

.

A

veraging

.

..

.

...... ......

.

..

.

..

.

...

....

.

. 3-8

.

..

3-2

3-3

3-4

3-5

3-7

3-8

3-9

3-11

3-12

3-13

3-14

Contents-2

4.

Recommended Network

Step

1: Preparing

T

oConnect

T

o Preset

T

o Select

T

o Select

Step

2:

T

o

Select

T

o

Select

T

o

Select

T

Step

3:

T

o

Select

With

T

o

Select

T

o

Display

T

o

Use

Step

4:

T

o

Set

Step

5:

T

o

Set

Notes

Step

6:

T

o

Increase

Notes

Step

7: P

T

o Select

T

oP

T

o

P

T

o

P

T

o

P

T

o

Make

T

o

P

T

o

Select

T

o

Customize

To Dene the Standard Denition

To Dene a Class Assignment ........... 4-27

Step 8: Reading the Measured Result ......... 4-29

the

Setting

the

o

Use

the

T

o

Set

o

Trigger

the

o

Use

the

Selecting

the

o

Change

Impedance

Setting

the Sweep

Setting

the

.

Tuning

.

erforming

an

erform

Full

erform

the

Step 1: Preparation . . . . . . . .

Step 2: A

Step 3: Entering a C P

Step 4: Entering an OFFSET P

Step 5: Entering a Standard Class Label

Step 6: Completing the Denition of a Calibration

Kit.....................

Step 1: Preparing for the Class Assignment ... 4-27

Step 2: Specifying the Class . . . . . . . . . . . 4-27

Step 3: Labeling the Standard Class Label .... 4-28

To Label and Save Calibration Kit .... .... 4-28

ToVerify Denition of User-Dened Calibration Kit 4-28

for

the

T

est

the

Analyzer

A

ctive

Network

the

Trigger

External

the

Trigger

on

Each

Sweep

P

ower

the

Input

T/R

T

est

S-P

arameter

Measurement

Trace

As

Marker

the Sweep

the V

Scale

and Reference

.

..

the

Dynamic

.

Appropriate

a

Response

a

Response

an

S11

an

S22

2-P

ort

a

1-P

ath

Calibration

the

ctivating the Dene Standard Menu . . .

Measurement T

a

Measurement

Device

Channel

Sweep

Mode

Trigger

Display

Condition

Type

Sweep

Measurement

P

ort

Set

a

Smith

Readout

Conversion

Parameter

ertical Settings

.

Settings

.

Calibration

1-P

ort

1-P

ort

Calibration

2-P

User

.

Analyzer

.

Signal

P

.

T

est

Set

F

ormat

Chart

Parameter

Using

.

Range

.

Calibration

&

Isolation

Calibration

ort

Calibration

Kit

..

Dened Calibration

arameters . . . . . .

ask

.

Mode

.

olarity

P

oint

.

F

ormat

Function

A

utomatically

.

(Setting

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

F

ormat

.

4

.

Calibration

.

arameters . . . . .

..

.

..

.

..

.

5

Sta

rt

.

Method

.

..

....

.

..

.

and

.

IF

Bandwidth)

.

..

Kit

.......

Sequence

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

5

4

Stop

.

..

.

.....

...

.....

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

. 4-2

4-2

4-3

. 4-3

4-4

. 4-4

4-4

4-5

. 4-5

4-6

.

4-6

.

4-6

4-7

.

4-7

.

4-7

.

4-7

4-8

4-9

.

4-11

.

4-11

.

4-12

.

4-12

.

4-12

.

4-14

.

4-14

.

4-15

.

4-15

.

4-16

.

4-16

4-17

4-18

4-19

4-22

.

4-25

.

4-25

4-26

Contents-3

5.

T

o Read

T

o Stabilize

T

o Stop

T

o Reduce

T

o Restart

T

o

Use

T

o

Use

T

o

Search

T

o

Search

Statistics

Step

T

o

Dene

Dening

Entering

Using

Specifying

Entering

Using

Typical

T

o

Measure

Function

T

o

Monitor

Input

T

o

Measure

T

o

Set

T

o Measure

T

o Display

T

o

Display

T

o

Cancel

If

the

If

the

Unknown

Notes

aV

alue

the

Sweep

V

ariation

A

veraging .

the

Sub-markers

the

1Marker

F

or

a

for

the

Function

1:

T

o

Specify

2:

T

o

Search

the

P

the

Broad

Absolutely

P

eaks

Directly

the

Directly

the

Network

the 3

.

the

Spectrum

.

the

Electrical

V

elocity

the

Phase

the

an

Extension

Electrical

.

Marker

.

Using

the

Marker

Trace

the

P

eak

P

eak

dB Bandwidth

.

F

Deviation

Group

.

of

the

.

A

veraging

.

oint

that

has

P

eak-to-P

.

the

Search

F

or

the

for

Search

Slope

to

.

P

eak

Threshold

Small

P

eaks

.

Measurements

.

..

.

of the

.

Length

actor

of

a

Cable

Deviation

from

Delay

of

a

Measurement

Delay

of

the

Delay

of

the

.

Measurement

.

the

T

arget

eak

of

Ripples

.

Range

Ripple

.

Ignore

.

Extended

.

the

.

to

Ignore

.

..

Using

.

Network

.

the

Linear

.

..

.

..

Trace

.

..

.

..

.

..

V

alue .

Using

.

..

.

..

Relatively

.

..

.

..

the

.

..

the

Width

.

Measurement

.

Phase

.

Cable

.

..

.

..

.

..

the

.

..

.

..

.

is

Known

is

..

.

..

Using

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

. 4-29

. 4-30

4-30

4-31

. 4-32

4-33

.

4-33

.

4-34

.

4-34

.

4-34

.

4-35

.

4-35

.

4-35

.

5-2

. 5-3

.

5-4

.

5-5

.

5-6

.

5-6

. 5-7

.

5-8

. 5-9

5-10

Contents-4

6.

Using

ToP

To Oset the Limit Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7

To Make a List Sweep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9

F

eatures

erform GO/NO-GO T

Step 1: Planning the Limit Lime . . . . .

Step 2: Editing a Limit Line T

To Modify or Delete the Segment

Step 3: Executing a Limit Line T

To Make a Limit Line T

To Beep When the Limit T

Notes ...... ...... ...... .....

Step 1: Planning the List Sweep . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9

Step 2: Editing a Sweep List .. ...... .... 6-10

To Modify or Delete the Segment ......... 6-11

Step 3: Activating the List Sweep . . . . . . . . . . 6-12

Notes ...... ...... ...... ..... 6-12

Common

esting . . .

to Both

est A

Modes

able . . . .

est ...... ...

ctive .........

est is F

of

Operation

..........

......

.........

ailed .......

6-2

6-3

6-4

6-5

6-6

T

oUse

Step

Notes

T

o Oset

T

o Clear

Notes

T

o

Use

T

o

T

o

T

o

T

o

Print

T

o

T

o

T

o

T

o

Save

T

o

T

o

T

o

T

o

T

o

T

o

T

o

Notes

the Trace

1: T

o

2: T

o

..

the

.

the

Trace

Turn

O

Multiply

Clear

a

.

Print

Out

See

or

Print

an

and

Save

an

o

Specify

Recall

Save

Copy

Initialize

a

Measured

the

.

Memory

Store

the

Display

.

Trace

Oset

.

Math

the

Data

the

Trace

Multiplied

.

a

Display

Print

a

Measured

Analyzer

Recall

Analyzer

a

Data

Saved

Display

File

aDisk

the RAM

.

..

.

Trace

Memory

.

Function

Math

.

Trace

.

..

Image

Setting

.

Setting

Array

Analyzer

Image

Data

.

for Use

Disk for

.

to

for

.

into

the

Traces

.

Function

.

..

.

V

alue

List

.

..

or

Measurement

Type

.

Setting

a

TIFF

a

Spreadsheet

..

.

Use

.

Trace

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

File

..

.

Memory

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

Data

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

. 6-13

.

6-13

. 6-13

6-13

. 6-14

6-14

.

6-14

. 6-15

.

6-16

.

6-16

.

6-18

.

6-18

.

6-18

. 6-19

6-19

. 6-20

.

6-20

.

6-21

.

6-21

.

6-21

A.

Manual

Introduction

Manual

Serial

Index

Changes

Number

.

A

-1

.

A

-1

.

A

-2

Contents-5

Figures

1-1. Character

2-1. Location

2-2. Dual

2-3. Location

2-4. Marker

2-5.

P

eak

2-6.

Displaying

2-7.

Narrowing

2-8.

Marker

2-9.

MKR1

2-10.

Marker

2-11.

Changing

2-12. Setting

2-13.

Setting

2-14.

Minimized

2-15.

Reference

2-16.

Reference

Conguration

2-17.

Marker

2-18.

Maximum

2-19.

Sub-marker

2-20.

1Marker

2-21.

P

eak

2-22.

Searching

2-23.

Search

2-24.

Threshold

3-1.

Noise Readout

3-2.

C/N Measurement

3-3.

Time Domain

3-4.

Target

3-5.

Gate

3-6. Time Gated Measurement Conguration

3-7. Time Gated Spectrum Analysis

3-8. Marker Time . . . .

3-9. Tracking Unstable Harmonics Using Search Track .

3-10. Tracking and Zooming a Signal

4-1. Using the Transmission/Reection T

4-2. Using the S-P

4-3. Location of EXT TRIGGER Connector

4-4. Smith Chart .................... 4-9

4-5. Sweep Parameter Setting .............. 4-11

4-6. Autoscale Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12

4-7. Setting IF Bandwidth (IFBW) ...... ...... 4-14

4-8. Marker Readout ...... ...... ..... . 4-29

4-9. Sub-markers ...... ...... ...... .. 4-31

4-10.1Marker. ..... ...... ...... .... 4-32

Entry

of

the

Channel

of

EXT

to

Center

to

Center

Harmonics

Span

Zoom

!

SP

AN

to

Reference

Scale/Div

Resolution

Video

Sweep

Level

Readout

Holding

and

.

Search

for

Range

Function

and Trigger

P

arameters

Menu

S

Input

Display

TRIGGER

.

with

.

Bandwidth

Time

Calibration

Maker

.

Multiple

.

..

Measurement Conguration

arameter T

.

Connector

.

Signal

.

Bandwidth

.

the

.

..

Signal Timing

.

Track

.

(VBW)

.

Connection

.

Drifting

List

.

..

.

..

P

eaks

..

.

..

.

................

est Set

.

(RBW)

.

..

.

..

.

Signal

.

..

.

..

.

on the

.

..

.

...... ....

..

.........

est Set . .

...........

.

..

.

. 2-3

.

. 2-9

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

for

the

75



.

..

.

..

.

. 2-28

.

..

.

..

.

..

.

Oscilloscope .

.

...... .

..

....

...... ..

1-3

2-2

2-6

2-10

2-11

2-13

2-14

2-15

2-17

2-18

2-19

2-20

2-22

2-23

2-25

2-27

2-29

2-30

2-31

2-33

2-35

3-2

3-4

3-5

3-6

3-7

3-10

3-12

3-13

3-15

4-2

4-3

4-5

Contents-6

4-11.

Ripple P

4-12.

Peak

5-1.

Bandwidth Measurement

5-2.

Spectrum Monitoring

5-3.

Adding

5-4.

Deviation from

5-5.

Setting

5-6.

P

ort

5-7.

Cable

5-8.

Cable

6-1.

Limit

6-2.

Frequency

6-3.

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6-4.

Limit

6-5.

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6-7.

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4-33

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.

5-2

.

5-3

. 5-4

5-6

. 5-7

. 5-8

.

5-9

.

5-10

6-2

6-3

.

6-4

.

6-5

.

6-8

6-10

.

6-10

.

6-14

.

6-20

.

A

-2

Contents-7

T

ables

3-1. Minimum

4-1.

Calibration

4-2.

Example

Type-N

4-3.

Standard

A

-1.

Manual

A

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of

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4-25

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4-27

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A

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A

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Contents-8

Overview

1

K

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Hardkeys

and

Overview

Softkeys

This chapter

Key

Operation

Numerical

Character

After

chapter

information.

the

basic

rules

There

are

two

hardkeys

the

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hardkeys

key

that

display

.

menus list

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located to

contains the

Overview

Entries

2,

the

procedural

Therefore

of

analyzer's

types

of

have

a

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function

functions

o

activate

the

right

following

,

you

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operation.

front-panel

label

display

menus

other

a

function

of

the

information:

steps

do

read

keys; hardkeys

function menus

are

also called

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those

that

is

on

displayed

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this

chapter

accessed

a

softkey

function

as

to

and

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label.

much

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right

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by

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a

softkey

settings

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On

a

softkey label,

the

currently

active setting is displayed in high intensity and upper case characters

The inactive setting is displayed in low intensity and lower case

characters.

This manual

Toggle

This line means that the dual channel function is currently OFF

turn it ON by pressing the corresponding softkey. The resulting upper

case expression,

shows a toggled setting as follows:

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For more information about each hardkey and softkey, see the

Function Reference

manual.

Overview 1-1

.

Character

Entries

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numerical data

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Overview 1-3

2

Recommended

Spectrum Measurement

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measurement using

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set

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can

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spectrum

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to

To Preset the Analyzer

In the INSTRUMENT ST

the analyzer to the preset state

For additional information about the preset state

the

Function

2-2 Recommended Spectrum Measurement Task Sequence

Figure

Reference

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of

the

ATE block, press the green

.

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, see appendix D of

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Recommended Spectrum Measurement Task Sequence 2-3

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analyzer type

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the analyzer

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to a

select

2-4 Recommended Spectrum Measurement Task Sequence

Setting

the

Trigger

Step 2:

T

o

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the

Trigger

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following procedures:

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2.

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3.

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External

Video

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Time

selects the

select the

To

use the

select the

4

T

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NN

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the

trigger

trigger source

trigger

gated

trigger mode

external trigger

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to

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The external trigger signal must be TTL level compatible

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this

trigger

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rear

panel

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4

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mode

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mode

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the

of

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the

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the

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trigger

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procedure

the

Video

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option

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in

Chapter

1D6

in Chapter

only

.

TRIGGER connector

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3,

3, describes

describes

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how

on the

to

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the

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T

o

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the

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polarity

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the

4

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rigger

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2-3. Location

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neg

to

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pos

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NUMBER of GROUPS

to sweep

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to

set

the

N

NN

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. Then enter number

trigger

signal

2-6 Recommended Spectrum Measurement Task Sequence

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the

Measurement

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Step 3:

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the

Display

Unit

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select the

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display unit

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dBV

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change

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unit

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dBm

N

WATT

N

dBV

N

NN

N

V

dBuV

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VOLT

unit

anytime

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the

internal

can

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the

you

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hold

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data.

analyzer

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or

more

information

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you

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want

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about

a

noise

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each unit,

see

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chapter

instead

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5

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in

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a

spectrum

Function

3.

Recommended Spectrum Measurement Task Sequence 2-7

Setting

the

Frequency

Range

Step 4:

T

o

Set

the

Setting the

Center

Frequency

Frequency Range

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range.

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setting the

To

set the

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set

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zoom

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o

T

o

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provides the

frequency range

center frequency

set the

change

set

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display a

marker position

maximum peak

the

frequency

the

frequency

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to

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part

the

center

span

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zoomed trace

zoom between

5

to

4

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activate

of

useful commands

following procedures

.

to

center

to

center

with

the

specied

span

range

to

full

setting

the

trace

magnication

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the marker

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place

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following

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signal

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5

4

0

5

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and

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4

9

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5

4

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4

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can

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step

size

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5

to display the reverse-triangle shaped marker

!

step

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4

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the marker on the position you want to set to the center by

rotary knob

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MKR!CENTER

5

4

Entry O

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NNNNNNNNNNN

.

the

.

The center frequency setting immediately changes to the marker

position. If you are measuring an unknown signal, display the signal

in full span rst. Then move the signal to the center using this

function.

2-8 Recommended Spectrum Measurement Task Sequence

Move

the

marker

Press

Setting

NN

N

MKR

!

the

N

CENTER

Frequency

N

NN

N

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Figure

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4

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rk

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center

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press

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the

span

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the

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center

grid.

setting

grid

N

!

to

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frequency

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correctly

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NN

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too

N

wide

.

N

again.

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to

,

the

display

peak

the

cannot

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maximum

be

on the

Recommended Spectrum Measurement Task Sequence 2-9

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the

Frequency

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Figure

T

o Change

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2.

Do

Press

405

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the

3.

T

oggle

4.

Press

5.

Press

setting

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function

(such

as a

shows

Example: Displaying Harmonics

fundamental and the harmonics of 100 MHz signal:

4

Center

one

of

N

CENTER

.

4

step

N

STEP

4

Center

5

4

*

the

harmonics)

how to

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N

2-5.

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eak

the

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.

the

following:

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NN

N

STEP

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and

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9

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N

to increment

the

5

.

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rk

er

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NN

N

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5

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specied

is

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one

display

the

to

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with

N

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units

the

N

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step

to

display

after

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the

N

.

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terminator

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man

to

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to decrement)

4

+

size

.

peaks

the

.

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set

keys

to

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a

4

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N

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this

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step

.

point

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MKR

5

N

.

the center

have

following

function.

size

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directly

you

want

N

NN

N

!

a

constant

by

to

N

CNTR STEP

use

N

NN

N

frequency

interval

example

N

using

N

.

as

1. Press

2. Press

3.

4. Press

5.

2-10 Recommended Spectrum Measurement Task Sequence

4

Center

fundamental in the center of the grid.

4

5

Span

T

oggle

4

Search

track function.

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5

100

150

4

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off

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6.

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oggle

step

size

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N

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7.

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display higher

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marker

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.

4

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press

order harmonics

for the

by

using the

5

to

display

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*

, press

next harmonic

search track

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the second

5

as

required.

4

*

each time

function.

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harmonic.

you

change

the

Figure

2-6.

Displaying

Harmonics

Recommended Spectrum Measurement Task Sequence 2-11

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T

o

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the

Frequency

the

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the

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2.

T

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1.

2.

This function

spectrum

signal.

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ou

4

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4

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optimum

directly

continuously

with

to

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4

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after

can

set

5

and

5

"

in

Chapter

5

.

frequency span

grid setting.

1-2-5

steps

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NN

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useful

you have

the

sweep

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4

4.

to display

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4

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when

you

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parameter

o

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the Sweep

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4

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the target

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and

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4

9

5

want

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detailed view

using

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units

get

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4

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keys

view

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of

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rt

2-12 Recommended Spectrum Measurement Task Sequence

T

o

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the

Span

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the

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1.

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2.

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3.

T

oggle

4.

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procedure

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you

can

disappear

between

span

setting

has

an

error

GHz/800).

frequency

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signal

track

centering

the

test

signal

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following

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signal

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the

display

center

display

.

frequency

.

5

4

.

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rch

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NN

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span

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narrow

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from

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displayed

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set

to

of

approximately

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you

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test

track

function

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enabled,

the test

is

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signal as

gures

track

function.

center

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signal

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to place

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setting.

span

display

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and

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you narrow

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the

show

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xed

and

function

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setting

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actual

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substantially,

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you

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analyzer

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example

actual

the

span

tracks

displaying

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o

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of

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the

signal

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or example

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display

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.

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setting.

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,

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Figure 2-7. Narrowing Span with Signal Track

Span 10 kHz

Recommended Spectrum Measurement Task Sequence 2-13

Setting

T

o

Zoom

the

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T

o

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a

P

art

of

the

Trace

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signal

marker to

details.

the point

where you

want to

observe the

2.

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3.

Press

4.

T

o

zoom

T

o

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1.

Press

2.

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you

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rk

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to

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,

press

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magnify

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value

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display 20

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N

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on

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as a

percentage of

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the

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2-14 Recommended Spectrum Measurement Task Sequence

Figure 2-8. Marker Zoom

T

o

Zoom

Between

the

Marker

and

the

1Marker

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the

Frequency

Range

1.

Press

4

2.

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the

Press

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NN

the

3.

4.

the

5.

Press

4

6.

N

Press

The center

display

other

the

channel

5

.

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rk

er

marker to

.

N

NN

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N

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marker

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MORE

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5

rk

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NN

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frequency and

specied area.

by

toggling

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NN

N

to

NN

N

.

NN

1MKR

N

the start

N

.

the

end

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.

span setting

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N

NN

CROSS

point you

point

can

display

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you

N

are

N

NN

on

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want to

want

changed

the

N

OFF

zoom to

to

zoom to

zooming

N

ON

to

by using

automatically

result

N

NN

N

off

on

N

.

to

the

Figure 2-9. MKR1

!

SPAN

Recommended Spectrum Measurement Task Sequence 2-15

Setting

the

V

ertical Settings

Step 5:

T

o

Set

the

Setting the

Reference

Vertical

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the grid

change the

display area

the following

To

Level

Using

1.

2.

To

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Set

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need to

or a

set the

change the

the

Press

4

Scale

N

Press

REFERENCE

trace

reference

change the

signal level

vertical settings

by changing

procedures:

reference level

scale per

Entry

N

K

eys

5

.

Ref

N

NN

N

VALUE

toward

top

bottom

value directly

vertical settings

is too

small relative

, change

the scale

per

division

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NN

N

.

if the

top of

to a

the reference

division

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or

5

4

+

or

5

4

*

5

4

0

5

..

and

4

9

.

reference

value or

setting

unit keys

peak

by

is

out

setting.

spread the

doing

one

of

T

of

o

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1.

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2.

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3.

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the

4

N

MKR

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rch

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N

NN

N

!

N

NN

N

SEARCH:PEAK

5

.

N

NN

N

REFERENCE

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to

move

the

marker

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to

the peak.

.

Move the marker to the top of the peak Press

2-16 Recommended Spectrum Measurement Task Sequence

4

Scale Ref

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5

MKR!REFERENCE

Setting

the

V

ertical Settings

T

o

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the

Scale

per

Figure

Division

1.

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the

\T

2.

Press

3.

Press

4.

Change

using

To

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Set

Scale/Div

This

function

2-10. Marker

reference

o

Set

the

Reference

5

4

Scale

NN

.

Ref

N

NN

SCALE/DIV

the

scale/division

following

keys:

continuously

1-2-5

steps

directly

can

be

to Reference

level

to

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.

used

to

the peak

level of

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setting

to

display

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5

4

+

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5

.

4

display

0

a

small

4

9

the target

.

additional

5

and

peak

on

unit

signal. See

details

keys

a full

by

grid.

Scale 10 dB/Div

Figure 2-11. Changing Scale/Div

Recommended Spectrum Measurement Task Sequence 2-17

Scale 3 dB/Div

.

Tuning

the

Settings

Step 6:

T

o

Set

the

Tuning the

Resolution

Settings

This step

the resolution

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set the

To

set the

To

minimize the

Bandwidth

1.

Press

2.

Change

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the

internal

signals

,

Resolution

can

recognize

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result,

the displayed

displayed.

provides the

of the

bandwidth settings

frequency and

bandwidth setting

resolution bandwidth

video bandwidth

sweep time

(RB

W)

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the

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analyzer

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signal.

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separate

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or more

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using

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,

or

4

the

+

Y

ou

make sure

per

the

of the

must

set

the analyzer

display

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.

adjacent

the

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point.

level

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see

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or

example

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10

kHz.

split

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sidebands

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you

set

trace

and

in

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of

a

the

skirt

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displayed

20

to

kHz

of

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the

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amplitude

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the

carrier

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trace

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when

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signal

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are

Figure 2-12. Setting Resolution Bandwidth (RBW)

2-18 Recommended Spectrum Measurement Task Sequence

T

o

Set

the

Video

Bandwidth

Tuning

the

Settings

1.

Press

4

2.

3.

T

o Use

Lower

F

aster sweep

N

Press

Set video

noise level

Set bandwidth

When the

of noise

noise

video

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the

T

o

1.

2.

variation, narrow

variations

bandwidth

allowable

current

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4

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5

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VIDEO

.

NN

N

NN

BW

bandwidth

time

directly

target signal

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is

VBW

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setting.

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the

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same

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by

using

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the video

the signal

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setting

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N

NN

N

BW

.

value

as

the

noise

sweep

1/3,

RBW

following

5

,or

4

+

5

,or

4

*

5

.

..

hard

5

4

9

4

0

are

bandwidth.

clearly

takes

1/10,

1/30,

setting.

keys:

and

unit keys

to

distinguish

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visible

more

1/100,

reduces

.

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time

and 1/300

because

.

the

,

if

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of

F

or

more

R

eference

information

manual.

about

the

VBW

,

see

chapter

12

Video BW 10 kHz Video BW 300 Hz

Figure 2-13. Setting Video Bandwidth (VBW)

of

the

Function

Recommended Spectrum Measurement Task Sequence 2-19

Tuning

T

o

Minimize

the

Settings

the

Sweep

Time

1.

Press

2.

Press

3.

Press

The

analyzer

display

becomes

change

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F

or

.

feature

more

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Figure

span,

shown

of

2-14

VBW

on

channel

5

4

.

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eep

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NN

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4

.

0

2

1

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eective

information

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eference

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,

and

the

right

2

is

approximately

N

NN

TIME

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the

and

the

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about

manual.

an

example

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settings

bottom

NOP

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,

the

when

of

(number

.

As

frequency

the

RBW

this

feature

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each

25%

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same

trace

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of

points)

readout

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chapter

the

sweep

but

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to

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than

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of

the

time

sweep time

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the

trace

does

.

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sweep

not

0

1).

,

that is

time

2-20 Recommended Spectrum Measurement Task Sequence

Figure

2-14.

Minimized

Sweep

Time

P

erforming

Calibration

Step 7:

T

o

P

erform

Performing

the

Reference

Calibration

This step

provides procedures

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accuracy.

To

perform the

To

use the

To

turn o

Level

1. W

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ait at

least 30

warming up

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B). (See

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cable

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Figure

(furnished).

4

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by pressing

5.

Press

4

Cal

N

6.

Press

N

EXECUTE

the reference

level calibration

reference level

external reference

the calibration

minutes

the

5

.

N

5

.

N

period is

2-15

CAL

Then

N

NN

N

S

,

N

required to

.)

OUT output

select

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NN

N

A

or

R

,

NN

N

LVL

N

CAL

N

for the

reference level

improves the

calibration

after

the

analyzer

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adapter (furnished)

and

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selected

the

input

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N

NN

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.

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the

.

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analyzer's

to

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input

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connected to)

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or

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analyzer

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the

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o

obtain

level

calibration

change

the

reference

calibration

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error terms

automatically

OUT

signal.

all

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a higher

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just

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setting

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level

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that are

changes

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is

before

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completed,

reading

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canceled by

reference

settings

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for each

are described in chapter 12 of the

the

frequency

level

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the attenuator

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of

the

inputs

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on

the

left

perform the

value.

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must

stores the

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level

calibration

manual.

to

measure

is

side

reference

If you

perform

of

Recommended Spectrum Measurement Task Sequence 2-21

P

erforming

Calibration

T

o

Use

the

External

Reference

Y

ou

can

reference

1.

W

warming

2.

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spectrum input.

3. Set

signal.

4.

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5.

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the external reference signal.

6. Read the external reference signal level.

7. Calculate the

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Figure

use an

.

ait

at

least 30

up

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a

unit other

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external

minutes

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period

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LVL CAL DATA

reference

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.

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analyzer

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to

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selected

measure

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press

move

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readout level

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is

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to

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2-22 Recommended Spectrum Measurement Task Sequence

T

o

Turn

O

Calibration

P

erforming

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To

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erform

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2.

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for

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5

4

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NN

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the

want

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analyzer

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least

warming

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50

(m)/75

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the

N

EXECUTE

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75

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perform

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not

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analyzer

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pressing

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minutes

up

period

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Figure

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2-16

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press

for

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4

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analyzer's

to

is

connected

in

the

75

see

the

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on. This

specications

the

11852B option

to

50

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appendix

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the

S

cable

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7.

8.

After

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completion

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75

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calibration,

to

50

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disconnect

adapter

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the

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cable

.

Figure 2-16.

Reference Level Calibration Connection for the 75  Conguration

Recommended Spectrum Measurement Task Sequence 2-23

Reading

the

Measured

Result

Step 8:

T

o

Read

Reading the

a

V

alue

Using

Measured Result

If you

measured signal

useful search

the measured

the

1.

2.

can display

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read a

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stabilize the

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use the

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use

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search

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search

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o

ignore

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you

functions.

results using

value using

sub-markers

the

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for

small

5

4

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rker

the

marker

the

rotary

want

to

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trace

a

single

multiple

peaks

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read

the correct

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peaks

by

performing

knob

until

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measured

trace on

the marker

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marker

on

the

trace

the

marker

value

the display

. The

analyzer has

.

following

moves

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can

read

several

procedures for

steps:

to

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point

the

reading

where

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the

target

3.

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the

marker

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you

want

a

more

set

the

span

and

The

readout

of

the

bandwidth

SP

AN/(NOP

MHz,

the NOP

is

approximately 12.5

resolution

frequency

(RBW).

0

1) and

is 801,

value

accurate

the

span,

The

RBW

frequency

displayed

RBW

as narrow

of

the

number of

resolution

.

F

or

and the

kHz.

by

using

on

frequency

as possible

frequency

is

the

example

RBW

is

numerical

the

upper

reading

of

.

is

determined by

points (NOP),

larger

,

when

10

value between

the

kHz,

the

keys

.

right

of

the

target

and the

frequency

readout

the

display

signal,

the setting

resolution

span

is

resolution

.

10

2-24 Recommended Spectrum Measurement Task Sequence

Reading

the

Measured

Result

Figure 2-17.

Marker Readout

Recommended Spectrum Measurement Task Sequence 2-25

Reading

To

the

Stabilize the

Measured

Trace

Result

When

the

it

is dicult

techniques

Stop

the sweep

Use

the averaging

Use

the maximum

trace

is not

to read

to stabilize

.

stable and

the measured

the trace:

function.

or minimum

the marker

value.

hold function.

You

value changes

can use

the

frequently,

following

Capture

T

oStop

1.

Press

2.

Press

The

sweep is

If

you

want

free-run

T

o

Use

1.

Press

2.

Press

3.

If

needed,

press

4.

Toggle

The

averaging

of

times

the

counter

updating

the unstable

the Sweep

5

4

N

sweep

the

4

N

the

averaging

.

T

rigger

N

NN

N

SWEEP:

stopped immediately

to

restart

A

veraging

5

Bw/Avg

NN

N

AVERAGING

enter

4

2

1

N

NN

N

AVERAGING on

notation

is

turned

stops

with

each

N

HOLD

or

press

.

N

NN

N

FACTOR

the

5

.

Default

N

NN

on.

has

incrementing.

sweep

signal using

N

.

the

sweep,

N

NN

N

SINGLE

Function

N

.

averaging

N

OFF

(

Avg

)

appears

The

averaging

been

performed.

.

signal track.

(even

press

N

to

make

factor

N

NN

N

ON off

to

However

if

N

NN

CONTINUOUS

a

(number

factor

N

.

on

left

notation

When

,

the

sweep

NN

N

single

is

16.

side

averaging

trace

is

N

to

sweep

of

times).

of

the

indicates

continues

in

progress).

start

a

.

Then

grid

when

the

number

is

completed,

A

veraging

enough

the

number of

If

you want

you

To restart the averaging, press

resets averaging counter to 0.

To Use Maximum or Minimum Hold Function

1. Press

2.

Press

ToHold Press

Maximum Level

Minimum Level

2-26 Recommended Spectrum Measurement Task Sequence

requires

for

an

to change

can

restart

4

Display

NNNNNNNNNNNNN

DATA HOLD [OFF]

a

sweep

averaging

sweeps by

averaging

5

.

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

with

factor

using the

the setting

from

4

NNNNNNNNN

.

a

specied

to

complete

number of

of any

the

0

Bw/Avg

NNNNNNNNNNN

MAX

NNNNNNNNNNN

MIN

number

the

parameter when

count.

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

5

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

AVERAGING RESTART

of times

averaging.

groups

You

function.

averaging,

NNNNNNNNNNNN

. This

that is

can set

\

Max

"

(or \

(minimum)

Min

")

appears

hold function

on

the

is

activated.

right

Reading

of

the

grid

the

Measured

when

the

Result

maximum

T

o turn

N

NN

DATA

T

o

Capture

1.

Press

2.

Press

test

3.

T

oggle

o

NN

the

NN

N

HOLD

Figure

4

Sea

rch

N

SEARCH:PEAK

signal.

N

SIGNAL

maximum

N

NN

[MAX]

2-18.

an

Unstable

5

.

N

NN

N

NN

N

NN

N

NN

N

TRK

N

HOLD:

N

or

N

NN

minimum

NN

N

OFF

Maximum

Signal

N

to

move

N

NN

N

on

OFF

NN

N

.

Holding

the

N

to

hold,

Using

marker

N

ON

off

NN

N

press

the

Drifting

Signal

to

N

.

the

4

Displa

Track

peak

5

y

Signal

of

the

drifting

The

signal track

marker

the

and places

peak

is

unstable

automatically

center

of

the

function

it in

changes

grid.

captures

the

center

horizontally

the

center

the

peak

of

the

,

use

this

frequency

that

grid

for

function.

to

keep

is

indicated

each

The

the

sweep

analyzer

peak

by

.

in

the

If

the

Recommended Spectrum Measurement Task Sequence 2-27

Reading

T

o

Use

the

Measured

the

Sub-markers

Result

1.

Press

4

Ma

2.

Move the

sub-marker

N

NN

3.

4.

5.

6.

The

Press

Select

Press

T

the

SUB

the sub-marker

4

Utilit

N

MKR

oggle

bottom

sub-marker

Sub-markers

The

sub-marker

T

oclear

a

sub-marker

T

oclear

all

5

.

rk

er

marker to

.

NN

N

MKR

.

5

.

y

N

NN

N

LIST

of

the

appears

are

xed

value

number that

of

the

markers

the point

from

N

NN

N

OFF

at

N

.

the

on

display

horizontally

can

only

,

press

4

you

,

press

where you

N

NN

SUB

N

ON

to

point

be

Ma

rk

er

want

4

N

MKR 1

N

NN

N

off

of

that

and

you

displayed

N

NN

N

CLEAR

5

to

erase

5

Ma

rk

er

want to

N

NN

N

to

display

the

cannot

by

N

SUB MKR

from

N

NN

N

PRESET

NN

7

.

marker

using

N

NN

N

the

N

MKRS

the

move

N

NN

set the

the

N

.

Then

display

NN

N

.

marker

is

displayed.

them.

marker

press

.

list on

list.

the

2-28 Recommended Spectrum Measurement Task Sequence

Figure 2-19. Sub-marker and Maker List

Reading

the

Measured

Result

To

Use the

1Marker

1.

Press

4

2.

Place the

by

using

3.

4.

5.

6.

NN

Press

1MODE

N

1MKR

The reference

To

move the

Enter

Turn

want

7.

Read the

marker

The

marker

and

the

level

marker

When

.

you

dierence

5

.

Ma

rk

er

marker at

the

N

NN

MENU

N

.

marker:

an oset

the rotary

to read

level and

that

are

value

dierences

use the

between

the point

.

NN

N

.

marker appears

frequency by

knob until

the value

displayed

on the

the

frequency

upper

.

on

between

sub-markers,

reference the

you want

at the

using

the

marker

dierences

the

upper

right

of

the

reference

use

the

marker and

use as

the reference

marker point.

the

numerical

moves

to

from

right

of

the

grid

shows

marker

list

to

the

sub-markers

keys

the

point

the

reference

grid.

the

and the

display

point

.

you

frequency

the

.

Figure 2-20. 1Marker

Recommended Spectrum Measurement Task Sequence 2-29

Reading

T

o

Search

the

Measured

F

or

a

Single

Result

P

eak

on

the Trace

1.

Press

4

Sea

N

2.

3.

T

o

Press

If you

NN

SEARCH:PEAK

want

search

2nd highest

P

eak

just

to the

P

eak

just

to

5

.

rch

NN

N

NN

to

search

next peak

peak

left

the

right

NN

N

to search

for

another

for Press

a maximum

peak:

NN

N

NEXT PEAK

N

NN

N

PEAK

N

NN

PEAK

N

NN

N

NN

N

peak.

NN

N

NN

LEFT

N

RIGHT

NN

N

NN

2-30 Recommended Spectrum Measurement Task Sequence

Figure 2-21.

Peak

Search

T

o

Search

F

or

Multiple

P

eaks

1.

Press

2.

Do any

T

o

search

F

or

the all

F

or

peaks

F

or

peaks

3.

Press

marker

When

peak

N

NN

N

PEAKS

the

order

NN

N

PEAKS

the

peak

N

4

Sea

of following:

for

on

4

Utility

values

this

function is

and

the

N

ALL

of

N

NN

RIGHT

and

N

NN

MULTIPLE

5

rch

peaks

the

right

the

left

5

.

T

oggle

.

sub-markers

N

searches

peak

level.

N

and

place

NN

N

PEAKS

NN

N

MKR

enabled, the

are placed

for

all

NN

N

PEAKS

the

N

LEFT

sub-markers

N

NN

N

LIST

the

N

NN

N

NN

N

NN

.

N

NN

peaks

N

search

N

Reading

Press

N

NN

N

SEARCH:

N

NN

PEAKS

N

PEAKS

N

OFF

on up

and

on

N

only

peaks

on

marker is

the

N

NN

PEAKS

NN

N

RIGHT

N

NN

N

LEFT

NN

N

ON

to

placed

to

seven

places the

to

the

in the

Measured

NN

N

ALL

N

off

to

on

the

other

sub-markers

right

or

order found.

Result

list

all

maximum

peaks

left

.

side

in

of

If

the

frequency

function

analyzer

carrier

If

the

marker

the

peak

function

level.

See

by toggling

searches

and

any

is

threshold

ignore

the

\T

of

the

carrier

4

Sea

rch

for

the

harmonics

to

search

for

the

peaks

o

Ignore

N

NN

SEARCH

5

peaks

or

for

search

that

Small

is

unstable

NN

N

TRK on

each

sweep

sidebands

peaks

function.

have

P

eaks"

other

a

,

use

N

NN

N

OFF

to

.

than

This

lower

level

procedure

the search

N

to

capture

harmonics

makes

than the

.

N

ON

N

NN

N

the

track

N

off

shifted

,

specify

the

search

threshold

.

The

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

PEAKS:ALL

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

PEAKS RIGHT

Figure 2-22. Searching for Multiple Peaks

Recommended Spectrum Measurement Task Sequence 2-31

with 1marker

Reading

T

o

Specify

the

Measured

the

Result

Search

Range

Y

ou

specify

can

Using

set

the

search

marker

1marker

range

function

,

use

to

one of

search

within

the following

a specied

two procedures:

range.

To

Using

1.

Press

2.

Press

3.

T

oggle

4.

Move

5.

Press

the

6.

Move

7.

Press

of

8.

Press

Using

1.

Press

2.

Move

3.

Press

4.

Press

the

Marker

5

4

Sea

rch

N

NN

N

SEARCH RANGE

NN

N

PART

the

marker

N

NN

MKR

!

range

.

the

marker to

N

MKR

!

the

range

N

RETURN

the

1Marker

5

4

Ma

rk

er

the

marker

N

NN

N

1MODE

N

1MKR

.

N

NN

SRCH

NN

N

LEFT

N

NN

N

RIGHT

.

N

NN

N

.

N

MENU

N

NN

N

NN

N

to

N

RNG

N

to

N

NN

N

on

N

RNG

N

.

N

the

N

the

N

the

N

MENU

N

OFF

start

N

to

end

N

to

start

N

NN

set

N

.

set

to

NN

N

ON

point

the

point

the

point

N

off

of

marker

of

the

marker

of

N

.

the

position

the

search

position

search

range

as

range

to

range

the

.

left

edge

of

.

right

edge

.

5.

Move

the

marker

6.

Press

4

Sea

rch

N

7.

Press

8.

T

oggle

9.

Press

All the search

can specify the search

triangle-shaped indicator at the bottom

search range (see Figure 2-23). In this gure

highest peak within the specied range

grid.

2-32 Recommended Spectrum Measurement Task Sequence

NN

SEARCH

N

NN

N

PART

NNN

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

MKR1!SEARCH RNG

to

the

end

point

of

the

search

5

.

NN

N

NN

N

RANGE

N

NN

N

SRCH on

functions search within a specied search range

N

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

range for each channel individually

MENU

N

NN

OFF

N

.

N

NN

N

NN

N

ON

to

.

NN

off

to

of the grid shows the current

,

. It does not search all of the

enable

NNNNNNNNNNNNNN

PEAK

range

.

the

search

.The

searches for the

range

.Y

ou

.

Reading

the

Measured

Result

Figure

T

o

turn

o

the

part

search,

2-23.

toggle

Search

N

PART

N

SRCH

Range

NN

N

ON

N

NN

N

to

on

off

OFF

N

.

Recommended Spectrum Measurement Task Sequence 2-33

Reading

To

the

Ignore Small

Measured

P

Result

eaks

Y

ou

can

set the

by

dening the

peak

denition.

P

eak threshold

P

eak height

search function

peak. The

analyzer accept

to ignore

small peaks

the following

(such as

two types

noise)

of

Dening

Using

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Using

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Rotary Knob

Press

T

oggle

line

.

Press

following:

Enter

Turn

appropriate

Press

the

Press

Move

Press

T

oggle

Press

the P

eak Threshold

.

5

4

.

Sea

rch

N

NN

N

SEARCH:PEAK

N

THRESHOLD

N

NN

N

THRESHOLD

the threshold

the rotary

N

NN

N

RETURN

Marker

4

Sea

rch

the

marker

N

NN

N

PEAK

N

THRESHOLD

N

NN

RETURN

N

NN

N

NN

N

position.

N

.

N

SEARCH:PEAK

5

N

DEF

MENU

N

NN

N

NN

N

PEAK

N

on

N

VALUE

value using

knob to

N

NN

N

to

the point

N

NN

N

on

N

NN

OFF

N

MKR

N

NN

OFF

N

NN

N

.

N

NN

N

NN

N

DEF

MENU

N

move the

N

NN

N

ON

to

Then

set

.

you

N

!

THRESHOLD

N

ON

to

N

.

N

NN

off

to

the

threshold

numerical

threshold

want

to

N

NN

N

NN

off

.

display

set

.

keys

line

as

the

red

value

.

to

the

a

threshold

using

value

the

.

When

the

peak

displayed.

the

threshold

2-34 Recommended Spectrum Measurement Task Sequence

The marker

threshold

line

.

is

activated,

search

function

the

red

searches

threshold

only

for

line

peaks

is

above

Reading

the

Measured

Result

Before

Dening

the

Threshold

Figure

Dening

1.

Press

2.

Press

3.

Press

4.

Enter

terminator

5.

Press

F

or

more

Function

2-24.

Threshold

P

eak

Height

5

.

4

Sea

rch

NN

N

NN

N

SEARCH:PEAK

N

NN

N

DEF:

keys

N

height

.

N

.

PEAK

a

peak

N

RETURN

information

R

eference

manual.

N

1Y

about

NN

N

PEAK

N

NN

N

.

using

N

After

Function

N

DEF

the

peak

Dening

N

NN

N

MENU

.

numerical

denition,

the

Threshold

keys

and

see chapter

the

units

12 of

the

Recommended Spectrum Measurement Task Sequence 2-35

3

Typical

Spectrum Measurement

This chapter

spectrum analyzer

The measurement

To

measure

T

o

measure

T

o

perform

T

o

measure

T

o

track

To

track

describes

the

zero

unstable

and

zoom

typical

mode

of

techniques

noise

level

carrier

time

span

to

gated

(time

harmonics

a

signal

Techniques

measurement

techniques

operation.

described

noise

spectrum

domain

using

in

ratio

analysis

measurement)

search

this

track

chapter

using

are

the

as

follows:

Typical Spectrum Measurement Techniques 3-1

T

o

Measure

To

Measure the

the Noise

Level

Noise Level

1.

Press

2.

Press

3.

Press

reference

4.

Press

5.

Press

6.

Press

level.

The

marker

the

1

Hz

see

the

\T

procedure

5

F

o

rmat

N

NN

NOISE

Scale

N

Ref

.

N

.

5

.

4

N

4

level.

5

to

rk

er

.

atten

5

.

Then

4

Bw/Avg

4

+

4

Ma

readout

equivalent

o

Convert

.

Then

unit

noise

to

press

the

noise

turn

becomes

bandwidth

a

Dierent

N

the

5

until

4

+

NN

N

VIDEO

trace

\dBm/Hz"

the

noise

N

NN

BW

.

and

read

(ENBW).

Equivalent

the

and

T

o

Noise

trace

closes

normalized

is

normalized

convert

the

Bandwidth

to

the

noise

by

ENBW

"

,

Note

When

the detection mode to sample detection. If you return the format to

N

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

SPECTRUM

peak detection mode

detection mode

3-2 Typical Spectrum Measurement Techniques

you

change

the

Figure

format

3-1.

to

Noise

a

noise

Readout

format,

the

analyzer

, the detection mode automatically is set to the positive

. This happens even if you selected the negative

before changing to the noise format.

changes

T

o

Convert

to

a

Dierent

Equivalent

1.

Calculate the

with

displayed units:

Noise

Bandwidth

conversion factor

T

by using

o

Measure

the following

the Noise

equations

Level

Note

Unit

dBm/Hz

dBV/pH

W/Hz

V/pH

z

Where,

2.

Press

3.

Enter

The

4396B

dB



V/Hz,

z

and

B

W

4

Displa

N

NN

OFFSET

N

GAIN

K

,

then

displays

V/Hz

dB



V/

is

the

N

NN

DATA

5

y

N

for

N

for

press

respectively

p

H

z

dierent

NN

N

MATH

dBm/Hz,

p

H

V/

4

2

1

p

dB

V

=

equivalent

N

.

z

and

5

.

H

z

,

.

dBV/

W/Hz.

dB

V

Use

K

p

=

H

10

log

20

log

1

=B

p

1

=

noise

z

,

and

z

,

V

BW

1

B

W

1

W

B

W

bandwidth.

dB



V/

p

H

z

=

p

as

dBV/Hz,

H

z

.

Typical Spectrum Measurement Techniques 3-3

T

o

Measure

To

Measure the

the Carrier

to Noise

Carrier to

Ratio

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

Noise Ratio

Set up

Press

signal.

Press

carrier

A

4

Press

the

Press

Enter

the frequency

4

Sea

4

Scale Ref

djust the

Scale

Ref

4

Ma

carrier

4

Bw/Avg

an

5

rch

signal

scale/div to

N

NN

N

SCALE/DIV

5

rk

er

signal.

appropriate

range to

N

NN

N

!

REFERENCE

N

.

N

MENU

press

video

N

NN

display the

N

SEARCH:PEAK

NN

N

MKR

5

level.

NN

N

NN

N

1MODE

5

.

Then

N

NN

to

NN

N

NN

1MKR

N

VIDEO

bandwidth

measure a

place

N

to

carrier and

NN

N

to place

N

NN

N

BW

carrier signal.

the

marker on

set

the

the reference

N

.

to

reduce the

reference

noise

the carrier

level

to

oor

.

Use

marker

variation.

the

on

8.

9.

10.

Press

Enter

Move

rotary

If

you

press

Read

4

Ma

rk

the

knob

want

4

Utilit

the

dierence

5

.

er

oset

marker

.

to

5

and

y

Then

do

frequency

into

normalize

toggle

from

either

the

N

NOISE

the

of

the

by

using

noise

marker

N

NN

FORM

reference

following:

the

level

of

readout

N

on

marker

numeric

the

with

N

NN

N

OFF

trace

N

ON

to

.

N

keys

by

the

N

off

N

.

using

RBW

N

.

the

lter

,

3-4 Typical Spectrum Measurement Techniques

Figure 3-2. C/N Measurement

To

Perform

the Time

T

Gated Spectrum

o

P

erform the

Analysis

Time Gated

Spectrum Analysis

Step

Note

1:

Determining

Do the

following steps

1. Determining

2. Gate

Trigger Source

3. Setting

4. A

djusting Gate

5. Setting

6. Measuring

This

function

Gate Trigger

1. Connect

input (see

Gate Trigger

Center and

Trigger

RBW,

VBW,

is

only

P

arameters

the target

Figure 3-3

to perform

Parameters

Connection

Span Frequency

and

A

veraging

available

signal and

with

the

).

a time

the

trigger

gated spectrum

option

1D6.

signal

to

analysis:

an

oscilloscope

Figure 3-3. Time Domain Measurement Conguration

2. A

djust the oscilloscope to display the two

3. Using the oscilloscope

, check the following parameters:

For the target signal:

Signal width ()

Signal delay (SD)

For the trigger signal:

Pulse width (if you use the level trigger mode)

Typical Spectrum Measurement Techniques 3-5

signals.

T

o

P

erform the

Time Gated

Spectrum Analysis

The

signal delay

the

length of

occurred

time

and becomes

(SD) is

after

the

delay

the

trigger

stable).

inherent

,

but

before

in

the

signal

(that

of

is

,

SD

interest

is

Figure

4.

5.

Figure

Open

The

is

width.

signal

consider

3-4.

Calculate

Determine

Gate

3-5

the

\gate"

time

from

the

\set

This

and

the

T

arget

the set

the

delay

length

shows

up

time"

is

done

RBW

end

and

Trigger Signal

up

time

gate parameters

=

the

during

the

SUT +



start

SD

/4

scheme

the

time

(SUT).

so

that

lter

of

the

of

the

gate

(SUT)

using,

using

of

these

time

the

of

a

signal

Generally

you

can

analyzer

.

Shut

Timing

SUT

the

parameters

signal

and

,

SUT

allow

to

become

the

gate before

=

following

is

in

the

is

set

the

maximum

on



/2.

.

a

stable

open

to

half the

stable

the

Oscilloscope

equations:

condition.

time

of

pulse

time

.Y

ou must

last

quarter

a

gate

for the

the pulse width to maintain a stable condition during the time the

gate is open.

also

of

3-6 Typical Spectrum Measurement Techniques

T

o

P

erform the

Time Gated

Spectrum Analysis

Step 2:

Gate

Trigger

Source

1.

2.

Connection

Connect

TRIGGER

the

connector

Figure

RF

signal

trigger

source to

output

on

the

3-5.

from

Gate

rear

P

arameters

the S

input of

the

signal source

panel

of

the

analyzer

to

analyzer.

the

.

EXT

Figure 3-6. Time Gated Measurement Conguration

Typical Spectrum Measurement Techniques 3-7

T

o

P

erform the

Time Gated

Spectrum Analysis

Step

Step 4:

3:

Setting

A

djusting

Center

Gate

and

Span

Set

target

Trigger

1.

Press

2.

Press

3.

Press

4.

Select

N

GATE

5.

If

starting

6.

Press

7.

Set a

8.

If

set

Y

ou

terminal

on

the

Frequency

up the

signal.

4

T

rigger

N

TRIGGER:

NN

GATE [LEVEL]

the

N

NN

CTL:

you

selected

the

N

GATE

gate

you

select

the

gate

can

see

using

analyzer's

center and

N

CONTINUOUS

5

NN

N

NN

gate

NN

N

LEVEL

gate

N

DELAY

delay

the EDGE

open

the

gate

an

control

N

the

.

N

NN

N

oscilloscope

rear

NN

span frequency

N

NN

N

NN

N

[FREE

NN

N

NN

N

time

length.

trigger

N

RUN]

N

.

mode

N

EDGE

and

LEVEL

.

trigger mode

panel.

N

to

activate

N

.

Select

N

to

trigger

condition

.

The

GA

LEVEL

the

mode

,

by

TE

of the

required

press

analyzer to

a

gate

or

, set

the trigger

N

GATE

monitoring

Output

trigger

EDGE

mode

N

NN

N

LENGTH

terminal

.

N

the

.

N

display the

by

toggling

polarity for

N

NN

N

.

Then

GA

TE

Output

is

located

Step

5:

Setting

Note

RB

W

,

F

or

detailed

modes

,

VB

W

,

and

T

o

Set

1.

Press

2. Set

The

RBW

can

adjust

is because the RBW lters need charge time until normal condition.

Therefore, you need to

RBW. Generally

Therefore, the SUT must be longer

wider than 2/SUT

If the RBW is set narrower than 3 kHz, the analyzer turns into the

stepped FFT mode

longer than one FFT sampling step time.You must set the gate length

longer than the minimum gate length that is listed in Table 3-1.

information

see

the

Function

A

veraging

the Resolution

5

.

resolution

you

a

longer

, the RBW

.

. In the stepped FFT mode

gate

the

4

Bw/Avg

setting

about

the

EDGE

R

eference

Bandwidth

bandwidth

can

use

delay

consider the balanced point between SUT and

lter's charge time is dened as 2/RBW

.

wider

is

limited

for

a

than 2/RBW or the RBW must be

and

than

by

the

narrower

LEVEL

2

S

U

T

gate

RBW

, the gate length must be

gate

.

open position.

in step

control

5.

This

You

.

3-8 Typical Spectrum Measurement Techniques

Minimum

T

o

P

erform the

T

able 3-1.

Gate Length

Time Gated

setting

with

Spectrum Analysis

RB

W

setting

To

Set the

NN

N

the

can

setting.

VIDEO

set

1.

Press

2.

Set

Y

ou

length

processing.

for normal

setting.

RB

W

1Hz

3

Hz

10

Hz

30

Hz

100

Hz

300

Hz

1

kHz

3

kHz

VB

W

N

NN

BW

video

bandwidth.

any

video bandwidth

The

video

operation.

.

analyzer

lter

Therefore

Allowable



(VBW) without

implements

of

the

analyzer

,

it

is

Gate



5.1857



1.6595



0.51858



0.13457

0.051213 s

0.012813 s

0.0032125

0.0016125

the

video

requires

not

aected

Length

s

concern for

lter

no

by

the

using

settling

gate

the

gate

digital

time

length

Step 6:

Measuring

Y

ou can

trace

.

The

This

is

dierent

variation.

1.

Adjust

2.

P

erform

also use

averaging

the

span

your

the

averaging

function

from

the

VBW

setting

to

measurement.

function

converges

,

which

t

the

trace

to

reduce

to

the

converges

to

your

the

variation

top

of

the

to

the

middle

requirement.

of

variation.

of

the

Typical Spectrum Measurement Techniques 3-9

T

o

P

erform the

Time Gated

Spectrum Analysis

Before

Time

Gated

Figure

3-7. Time

Gated

Spectrum

After Time

Analysis

Gated

3-10 Typical Spectrum Measurement Techniques

To

Measure Zero

Span

1.

Determine the

following parameters:

T

o

Measure

Zero Span

2.

Press

3.

Press

4.

Press

5.

Select

6.

Set

sweep

7.

Set

N

NUMBER

The

mode

time

In

the

0.5



0.5



Sweep

Display

4

Center

4

Span

4

Sw

the

If

(Sweep

NN

N

SAMPLING

If

(Sweep

N

NN

N

SAMPLING

the

sweep

time

the

N

number

N

NN

allowable

and

NOP

is

25



repetitive

s

2

NOP

s

in

the

Time

Number of

5

.

Then

N

NN

N

ZERO

5

.

eep

sampling

Time)

N

NN

N

[NORM

Time)

N

NN

N

[norm

time

.

NN

of

s

N

of

N

POINTS

minimum

.

In

the

2

NOP

sampling

.

This

repetitive

enter

N

SPAN

mode:

/

(NOP

N

/

(NOP

N

,

points

N

NN

N

normal

.

is

because

Points

the

N

NN

to

0

N

press

1)

N

NN

N

rept]

0

1)

N

NN

N

REPT]

4

Sw

(NOP),

and

entering

sweep

mode

sampling

(NOP)

frequency of

set

the

frequency



25



.

And

Do

<

25



.

And

do

N

SWEEP

5

eep

by

the

time

is

sampling

,

the

sweep

that

the time

mode

.

the target

span

s

,

then

toggle

both

of

step

s

,

then

toggle to

either

N

pressing

determined

mode,

N

NN

TIME

NOP

time

resolution

N

.

step

N

4

the

signal.

to

0

Hz.

to

6

and

6

or

7.

N

then

enter

5

Sw

eep

by

the

sampling

minimum

is

determined by

is

xed

7.

the

sweep

at

Notes

Y

ou

can

set

the

RBW

greater

kHz

for

the

RBW

,

it

is

set

Y

ou must

the

The

T

o

Stabilize the

1. Press

2.

Press

3.

Press

4.

Adjust the video trigger level by using

appropriate trace level.

If the sweep time and the pulse repetition rate (PRI) are not

synchronized, the trace does not appear in the same position on the

grid on every sweep.To avoid this, change the video trigger setting as

appropriate.

set the

repetitive

detection

4

Trigger

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

TRIGGER: [FREE RUN]

NNNNNNNN

VIDEO

trigger source

sampling

mode

Trace

5

.

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

NNNNNNNNN

.

is

automatically

to

mode

Using

than

10

kHz.

If

you

enter

less

than

10

kHz.

N

NN

N

the

sample

Trigger

to trigger the sweep at

the

.

EXTERNAL

set

to

Video

either

.

NNNNNNNNNNN

Typical Spectrum Measurement Techniques 3-11

NN

N

VIDEO

or

N

to select

detection

10

mode

.

T

o

Measure

Zero Span

T

oRead

a Time

Transition

Using

the

Marker

1.

Press

2.

T

oggle

3.

Move

4.

Read

grid.

When

in

frequency

you

can

frequency

the

grid.

4

Utilit

y

N

MKR

the

marker

the

transition

zero

on

change

.

The

5

.

NN

N

TIME

by

span

measurement,

every

point

the

marker

N

NN

on

using

time

displays

NN

OFF

of

NN

to

the

that

trace

display

N

NN

ON

off

is

displayed

the

.

Using

to

a

time

NN

.

marker

the

time

transition

on

the

displays

marker

format

from

upper

the

time

instead

the

right

of

same

function,

of the

left

end

the

of

3-12 Typical Spectrum Measurement Techniques

Figure

3-8. Marker

Time

To

Track Unstable

T

o

Harmonics Using

1.

Set the

2.

Press

3.

Press

a

4.

T

oggle

function

5.

Press

carrier

6.

Press

Even

tracks

Then

harmonics

If

necessary

the

harmonics

frequency range

5

4

Sea

rch

5

4

Ma

rk

er

reference

if

the

1marker

5

4

Sea

rch

on every

NN

N

MULTIPLE PEAKS

and

harmonics

5

.

4

Utilit

y

frequency

carrier

analyzer

on

the

,

use

.

N

NN

SEARCH:PEAK

N

NN

1MODE MENU

N

SEARCH

N

NN

Then

and

lower

the

See

Track

NN

N

NN

lists

\T

Unstable Harmonics

Search Track

to display

NN

N

NN

to

move

N

NN

N

that

NN

N

sweep

N

toggle

of

the

display

peak

o

Ignore

N

NN

N

TRK

N

under

a

carrier

harmonics

dierence

threshold

N

NN

N

TRACKING 1MKR

can

move

N

NN

on

.

NN

N

SEARCH:PEAKS RIGHT

the search

N

NN

N

MKR

.

Small

the carrier

the

N

with

N

OFF

to

N

NN

N

LIST

changes

on

between

to

ignore

P

eaks" in

marker to

N

NN

N

the

N

ON

N

track.

N

NN

N

on

OFF

,

the

end

Using Search

and the

N

to set

carrier

N

NN

N

off

to

N

NN

N

to

N

ON

to

analyzer

of

the

carrier

the peaks

Chapter 2.

harmonics.

the peak.

up the

.

enable

search

N

NN

N

off

.

automatically

sweep

and

other than

Track

marker as

the

search

for

.

the

Carrier Frequency: 50 MHz

Figure 3-9. Tracking Unstable Harmonics Using Search Track

55 MHz

Typical Spectrum Measurement Techniques 3-13

T

o

Track

To

Track and

and Zoom

a Signal

Zoom a

Signal

Step 1:

Step

2:

Setting the

Setting

the

Wide Frequency

1.

Set

both

2.

Press

4

Display

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

Narrow

1. Select

2.

3.

4.

5.

Select

a

frequency

Press

T

Press

T

Frequency

span.

Press

Enter

Note

frequency

Press

Use

signal.

either

frequency

4

Ma

N

CROSS

oggle

4

Sea

N

SIGNAL

oggle

the other

4

Span

the

that

4

Sea

N

PEAK

Range

channels

5

.

Then

channel

range

.

5

.

rk

er

!

NN

N

CHAN on

N

NN

N

PEAK

5

rch

N

Range

5

.

frequency

the

span

resolution

5

.

Then

rch

N

(or

the

to

toggle

that

N

NN

N

.

N

NN

N

TRK

channel

of

toggle

marker

the

to

NN

N

on

span

the

2

N

for

spectrum

NN

N

DUAL CHAN

track

can

display

N

OFF

to

N

NN

N

OFF

to

the Other

to

display

to

display

zoomed

2

of

the

N

SEARCH

search

analyzer

N

the

signal

N

NN

N

ON

N

ON

channel

N

TRK

functions)

NN

the

N

off

N

off

the

N

NN

N

NN

N

mode

N

on

OFF

in

wide span.

signal

N

.

Channel

zoomed

detail

must

that

N

on

OFF

to

.

NN

N

NN

ON off

to

as

you change

signal

of

the

be

wider

is

set

in

N

NN

N

to

analyze

NN

N

ON

N

in

target

step

N

the

N

.

Then set

the

a

narrow

signal.

than

1.

N

off

.

target

the

The

analyzer

detailed view

signal is

center frequency

display

When the marker list is turned on, wide span channel disappears from

the display

in the background and displays the results on the zoomed channel.

For more information about frequency resolution, see \T

Value Using the Marker" in Chapter 2.

3-14 Typical Spectrum Measurement Techniques

displays

changed,

the

target

. However

on

a

wide

view

on

the

wide

span

channel

the

zoomed

the

wide

of the

signal.

, the wide span channel keeps tracking the signal

channel.

span

zoomed

channel

When

the

tracks

automatically

the

frequency

signal

changes

oReada

of

and

the

a

to

300

MHz

Carrier

T

o

315 MHz

Track

Carrier

and Zoom

a Signal

Note

Figure

If

channel,

If

movement

1.

2.

3.

4.

3-10. Tracking

the

span

of

the

you

can

the

sweep

Press

active

Press

narrower

Press

of

4

Ch 1

signal

4

Bw/Avg

4

Sweep

5

4

0

2

time

the

5

or

than

5

.

5

1

zoomed

reduce

is

target

4

Ch 2

track

5

.

Then

the

Then

.

and

Zooming

the

reduced,

signal.

5

to

function.

set

span

press

channel

sweep

the

activate

the

RBW

of

the

N

SWEEP

a

Signal

is

wider

time

analyzer

the

to

zoomed

N

NN

TIME

wide

the

N

than

of

the

can

span

maximum

channel.

N

.

the

wide

track

channel

RBW

span

the

setting

of

the

channel.

faster

that

has

wide

the

is

Typical Spectrum Measurement Techniques 3-15

4

Recommended

Network Measurement

This chapter

using the

If you

are

rst. The

set

up

analyzer

The

measurement

Step

Step 3:

Step

Generally

you

want

5

provides

network

using

User's

the

analyzer

.

1:

Preparing

2:

Setting

Selecting

4:

Setting

5:

Setting

6:

Tuning

7:

P

erforming

8:

Reading

,

you

to

additional

describes

analyzer

the

Guide

,

tasks

the

can

make

perform

a

typical

mode

analyzer

for

provides

and

a

quick

described

for

a

measurement

sweep

measurement

sweep

vertical

parameter

settings

calibration

measured

a

measurement

a

more

complex

measurement

task

.

the

information

start

in

result

techniques

Task

sequence

rst

time

guide

to

this

chapter

format

by

performing

network

Sequence

for

any

measurement

,

see

the

User's

needed

introduce

are

as

follows:

to

you

these steps

measurement,

.

Guide

install

to

the

chapter

and

.

If

Recommended Network Measurement Task Sequence 4-1

Preparing

for

a

Measurement

Step 1:

T

o

Connect

Preparing for

the

T

est

Device

a Measurement

This step

measurement. Y

provides the

ou must

procedures needed

measurement parameters

To

connect the

To

preset the

To

select the

To

select

Y

ou

must

setup

measurement.

information

Connect

Figure

the

4-2.

test device

analyzer

active channel

the

network

the

test

See

appendix

of

the

test

device

sets

under

perform the

(such as

analyzer

set

before

A

of

mode

.

test

(DUT)

to prepare

following tasks

frequency range):

performing the

the

User's

as

Guide

shown

in

for a

before you

network

for the

Figure

network

select

set up

4-1

or

Figure 4-1. Using the Transmission/Reection T

4-2 Recommended Network Measurement Task Sequence

est Set

Preparing

for

a

Measurement

Figure 4-2.

T

o

Preset

T

o Select

the

Analyzer

A

ctive

Channel

In

the

analyzer

F

or

additional

Reference

In

the

(channel

The

analyzer

a

dierent

network

before

Using

you

this

INSTRUMENT

.

A

CTIVE

2)

to

has

setting

analyzer

set

feature

two settings by pressing a single key

To Select the Network Analyzer Mode

1. Press

2.

Press

5

4

Meas

NNNNNN

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

ANALYZER TYPE

ST

to

the

preset

information

CHANNEL

select

up

the active

two

independent

that

includes

or

spectrum

any

other

,

you

can

.

NNNNNNNNNN

Using the

A

TE

state

about

block,

S-Parameter

block,

.

the

press

preset

channel.

channels

whether

analyzer

the mode

.

Select the

settings.

change

immediately

.

NNNNNN

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

NETWORK ANALYZER

the

state

4

Ch

1

.Each

T

est

green

,

see

5

(channel

channel can

of operation

active channel

to either

.

Set

4

Preset

the

1)

5

key

Function

or

4

Ch

have

is

of

dierent

to

set

5

2

When you change the analyzer type

,

the analyzer is set to the preset

state.So, when you want to change the analyzer type, you must

select it before you set up the other settings or just after you select

the active channel.

Recommended Network Measurement Task Sequence 4-3

Setting

the

Sweep

Step 2:

T

o

Select

Setting the

the

Trigger

Sweep

This step

Mode

1.

2.

3.

T

o Select

Free

External

Manual

To

select the

To

select the

To

select the

To

Press

Select

run

selects the

trigger mode

use the

trigger on

external trigger

each display

sweep condition

sweep type

use

the

power

5

T

NN

rigger

N

.

N

NN

4

N

TRIGGER:[FREE

the

trigger

a

Trigger

trigger source

point

sweep

NN

N

NN

N

RUN]

mode:

to

.

and the

Press

N

NN

N

FREE

N

NN

N

EXTERNAL

N

NN

MANUAL

sweep condition.

N

RUN

N

1

N

1

See

the

\T

o

Use

the

External

N

VIDEO

measurements

T

o

Use

1.

Connect

rear

2.

Press

3.

Press

4.

Press

N

GATE

and

(option

.

the

External

the

trigger

panel

of

the

5

T

NN

rigger

NN

N

.

N

NN

4

N

TRIGGER:[FREE

N

NN

N

NN

N

EXTERNAL

5. Input a trigger signal to the analyzer

Trigger

source

analyzer

NN

N

.

Trigger"

1D6

to

.

N

NN

RUN]

procedure

only)

are

the

EXT TRIGGER

NN

N

.

only

.

used

The external trigger signal level must be TTL Level.

for

the

spectrum

connector on

the

4-4 Recommended Network Measurement Task Sequence

Setting

the

Sweep

Figure

T

o

Set

the

1.

Press

4

T

NN

N

2.

3.

Press

T

N

TRIGGER:[FREE

N

TRIG

oggle

polarity

To

Trigger

1. Press

2.

3.

Press

Select

4

T

N

TRIGGER:

a

Trigger source

Manual

External Press

NNNNN

4. Toggle

5.

Apply a trigger event by pressing

TRIG EVENT [ON SWEEP]

4-3. Location

Trigger

5

.

rigger

N

NN

N

PLRTY

to

the

on

Each

5

.

rigger

N

NN

N

trigger

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

Signal

N

NN

N

NN

POS

negative

Display

N

[FREE

source:

Do

Press

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

Polarity

N

NN

RUN]

N

neg

logic

NN

N

RUN]

N

MANUAL

N

EXTERNAL

the external trigger signal (for

of EXT

NN

N

.

N

.

P

N

NN

N

NN

N

.

N

pos

to

oint

N

.

N

.

N

NN

N

.

NNNNNNNNNN

to

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MANUAL

NNNNNNNNNNNNN

N

EXTERNAL

TRIGGER

N

NN

N

NEG

to

NNNNN

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

[ON POINT]

NNNNN

NNNNNNNNNNNN

(for

).

Connector

turn

the

NN

.

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

MANUAL

trigger

NNNNN

) or entering

The sweep indicator (\

You can select this mode only for

"

") is moved to each point by the trigger event.

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

MANUAL

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

,

EXTERNAL

, or the bus

trigger mode.For more information about the bus trigger mode,see

the

GPIB Command Reference

.

Recommended Network Measurement Task Sequence 4-5

Setting

T

o

Select

the

Sweep

the

Sweep

Condition

To

Select

the

Sweep

1.

Press

2.

Choose one

To

Sweep Do

Continuously

Single Time

Specied

Type

1.

Press

2.

Choose

Sweep

Linear Frequency

Log

List

P

ower

5

4

type

Frequency

Frequency See

Sweep

.

T

rigger

of the

Times Press

5

Sw

eep

one

of

N

SWEEP

the

following:

Press

number

N

NN

TYPE

following:

NN

N

Do

Press

See

N

NN

N

NN

N

of

times

N

NN

.

NN

N

LIN FREQ

N

NN

N

LOG

o

Make

\T

o

N

.

N

NN

CONTINUOUS

NN

N

SINGLE

N

NN

NUMBER

N

MENU

\T

the

N

.

N

NN

N

to

N

a

sweep

NN

N

.

N

.

List

the

N

of GROUPS

N

NN

N

FREQ

Use

N

. Then

.

Sweep

P

ower

enter the

"

in

Chapter

Sweep

"

procedure

6.

.

T

o

Use the

1.

Press

2.

Press

3.

Press

4.

Press

5. Enter

For

example,

4

5

,

4

2

Stop

1

You can set the sweep power with 0.1 dB resolution.

P

ower

4

5

Source

5

.

4

Sw

eep

N

NN

N

SWEEP

N

NN

N

POWER

the start

to sweep

5

4

1

0

Sweep

N

NN

N

NN

N

NN

N

and stop

5

4

.

2

1

N

.

from

N

CW FREQ

N

TYPE MENU

N

SWEEP

5

N

.

N

Then

N

.

power

0

enter

.

20 dBm

the

to

CW

10

frequency

dBm,

press

.

5425405405

4

Sta

rt

4-6 Recommended Network Measurement Task Sequence

Selecting

the

Measurement

Format

Step 3:

T

o

Select

Selecting the

the

Input

P

ort

Measurement F

This step

provides following

format:

To

select the

To

select the

To

display trace

To

use the

With

Press

T

o

measure

the

4

Meas

input port

measurement format

in a

impedance conversion

T/R

T

est

5

.

Reection

Transmission

Reection

Transmission

Source

ormat

smith

Set

procedures for

chart

function

Type

Ratio

Absolute

selecting measurement

Press

N

A/R

N

NN

N

B/R

N

A

N

NN

N

B

N

R

With

1.

2.

To

Reection

Transmission F

Transmission

Reection Reverse

To Select the Measurement F

1. Press

2. Select a measurement format from the following:

the

Set

up

Guide

.

Press

4

Meas

measure

ormat

4

Format

S-P

arameter

the

S-parameter

5

.

5

.

T

est

test

Direction

F

orward

Reverse

Set

set.

See

Appendix

Aof

the

Press

N

NN

N

Refl:FWD

NN

N

Trans:FWD S21

N

NN

Trans:REV

N

NN

N

NN

N

S11

N

NN

N

S12

N

NN

N

Refl:REV S22 [A/R]

NN

N

NN

N

User's

N

[A/R]

N

[B/R]

NN

N

[B/R]

N

NN

N

NN

N

NN

N

Recommended Network Measurement Task Sequence 4-7

Selecting

the

Measurement

Format

To

Select Press

LOG

Magnitude

Phase

Group

Smith

P

Liner

Standing

Real

Imaginary

Expanded

A

Chart)

If you

under

Delay

Chart

olar

Chart

Magnitude

P

art

dmittance

1

See

\T

o

2

See

the

selected an

the

W

ave

Only

Part

Phase

Chart

Display

\T

o

Display

4

Meas

Ratio

Only

the

5

key

(SWR)

(Inv

.

Smith

Group

Delay"

Trace As

absolute

,

only

aSmith

measurement

the

N

LOG

NN

PHASE

N

NN

DELAY

N

SMITH

NN

N

POLAR

N

NN

LIN

N

SWR

N

MORE

N

NN

MORE

N

MORE

N

MORE

in

Chapter

Chart" procedure

following

N

NN

N

MAG

NN

N

NN

N

1

N

NN

N

CHART

N

NN

CHART

NN

N

MAG

N

NN

N

NN

N

5.

N

FORMAT:

N

NN

N

IMAGINARY

N

NN

EXPANDED

N

ADMITTANCE

by

selecting

formats

N

2

NN

N

NN

N

REAL

N

NN

N

NN

N

NN

N

NN

can

NN

PHASE

N

NN

R

be

N

NN

N

NN

N

CHART

NN

N

A

or

,

selected:

N

NN

N

B

N

.

To

Display

Trace

As

a

Smith

T

o

Select

LOG

Magnitude

Liner

Magnitude

Standing

F

or

more

5

of

the

Function

Chart

1.

Press

2.

Press

3. Use the

rotating

W

ave

Ratio

(SWR)

information

5

4

N

.

F

o

rmat

NN

N

SMITH

marker to read a measured value

R

N

NN

CHART

.

about

eference

NN

N

to

the

measurement

manual.

display

the

smith

Press

N

NN

N

MAG

N

MAG

N

format,

N

LOG

N

NN

N

LIN

N

SWR

chart.

, by pressing

refer

to

4

Marker

chapter

5

and

4-8 Recommended Network Measurement Task Sequence

Selecting

the

Measurement

Format

T

o

change

T

o

Change

1.

Press

2.

Select

F

ormat

Real

Linear

Log

the

marker

Marker

5

4

Utilit

y

display

and

Imaginary

Magnitude and

Magnitude

N

and

Impedance

A

dmittance

SWR

and

Phase

To Use Impedance Conversion Function

1. Press

2.

Press

5

.

4

Meas

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

N

CONVERSION [OFF]

Figure

readout

Readout

NN

N

NN

SMTH/POLAR

format

using

Phase

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

N

NNNN

4-4.

format,

F

N

MENU

the

.

Smith

use

ormat

N

.

following

Press

N

CHART

N

NN

N

LIN

NN

N

LOG

N

R+jX

N

NN

N

G+jB

N

SWR

Chart

the

following

keys:

N

NN

N

FMT:

N

MAG PHASE

N

NN

N

MAG

N

PHASE

N

NN

N

PHASE

N

NN

N

REAL

NN

N

NN

N

procedure:

N

IMAG

3. Select one of the formats listed below:

Recommended Network Measurement Task Sequence 4-9

Selecting

the

Measurement

Format

Convert to

Impedance

A

dmittance A/R,

The

even

F

or

additional

see

the

marker

if

readout

the

LOG MA

information about

Function

value is

G format

R

eference

Selected P

A/R,

S11,

B/R, S21,

S11, or

B/R,

S21,

alinear

is selected.

.

ort Press

N

or

S12

or S22

S12

or

S22

impedance or

the impedance

Z:Refl

NN

Z:Trans

N

NN

Y:Refl

N

NN

Y:Trans

admittance value

conversion function,

N

NN

N

NN

N

NN

N

4-10 Recommended Network Measurement Task Sequence

Setting

the

Sweep

Parameter

Step 4:

To

Set the

Setting the

Sweep P

arameter Using

Sweep P

1.

2.

T

o Use

arameter

4

Press

4

Sta

rt

Change the

Start

5

to

start

5

and

activate

frequency

4

Stop

5

the

Set directly

Change

3.

4.

continuously

with

Press

Enter

4

Stop

the

1-2-5

5

.

stop

steps

frequency

in

start

setting

a

similar

frequency

using

5

.

4

..

4

0

9

keys

5

4

*

+

way

function.

the

following

5

and

units terminator

.

keys:

Figure 4-5. Sweep P

arameter Setting

You can set the sweep parameter using

5

of

4

Start

5

and

. See \Step 4: Setting the Frequency Range

4

Stop

Chapter 2.

Recommended Network Measurement Task Sequence 4-11

4

Center

5

and

4

Span

5

instead

"in

Setting

the

V

ertical Settings

Step 5:

T

o

Set

the

Setting the

Scale

and

Reference

Vertical

It is

necessary to

the grid

provides the

analyzer:

To

set the

1.

Press

2.

Press

The

scale

optimum

Settings

change a

or is

too at

procedure needed

scale and

A

utomatically

Ref

NN

N

5

.

N

NN

SCALE

reference

display

4

Scale

N

NN

N

AUTO

and

trace

to see

reference

NN

N

to

t

are

.

vertical setting

the required

to set

the vertical

automatically

the

trace

within

automatically

if the

trace is

characteristics.

scaling of

the

grid.

adjusted

to

out

This

obtain

of

step

the

an

Before

A

uto

Notes

Scale

Figure

4-6. A

If you want to set the

following functions are available:

To change the

To change the reference position

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

REFERENCE POSITION

To change the reference value,use

If you are displaying a data trace and a memory trace together,you

need to consider whether you want to change the scale for one or

both traces.You can change the traces as follows:

4-12 Recommended Network Measurement Task Sequence

After A

uto Scale

utoscale Function

scale and reference value manually

scale per division setting, press

NNNNNNN

and

that is shown as \

5

*54+

keys.

4

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

REFERENCE VALUE

,the

NNNNNNNNNNN

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

SCALE/DIV

7

", use

.

Setting

the

V

ertical Settings

If you

N

NN

SCALE

key

.

If

you

N

NN

SCALE

set

If

you

N

D&M

want to

NN

N

NN

FOR [DATA]

want

NN

N

NN

FOR [MEMORY]

want

N

NN

N

SCALE

change the

NN

N

to

change

NN

N

to

change

N

NN

N

[COUPLE]

N

and

NN

N

scale setting

N

NN

D&M

the

scale

NN

N

the

scale

N

.

NN

N

for the

N

NN

SCALE[UNCOUPLE]

setting for

N

NN

N

NN

and

D&M

NN

SCALE [UNCOUPLE]

settings

NN

data

NN

N

NN

the memory

NN

N

for the

trace

NN

under

NN

trace only

NN

N

NN

both traces

4

N

.

only

Scale

,set

,

Ref

set

5

,

Recommended Network Measurement Task Sequence 4-13

Tuning

the

Settings

Step 6:

T

o

Increase

Tuning the

the

Dynamic

Settings

This step

To

increase the

Range

1.

Press

2.

Press

3.

Press

numeric

Narrowing

it

makes

provides the

(Setting

5

4

Bw/Avg

N

NN

IF

4

*

.

NN

N

BW

.

5

or

4

+

keypad.

the

IF

the

sweep

following procedure:

dynamic range

IF

Bandwidth)

,

or

enter

an

IF

bandwidth

speed

setting

slower

bandwidth

increases

.

value

the

directly

dynamic

from

range

the

but

IF

Bandwidth 40

Notes

kHz IF

Figure

4-7.

Setting

You can increase the dynamic

techniques:

Apply the highest allowable power

pressing

4

Source

Use the averaging. See \T

Trace Using Averaging".

4-14 Recommended Network Measurement Task Sequence

IF

Bandwidth

NNNNNNNNNNNNN

5

POWER

NNNN

.

o Reduce V

Bandwidth 100

(IFB

W)

Hz

range by using the following

. The output power can be set by

ariation of the Measurement

P

erforming

Calibration

Step 7:

T

o

Select

Performing

an

Appropriate

Calibration

This step

provide procedures

calibration cancels

accuracy.

can select

reading \T

This step

To

T

o

To

T

o

T

o

The analyzer

the method

o Select

also contains

select an

perform

select the

customize the

Calibration

The

analyzer

appropriate

T

able

4-1

.

for performing

the errors

and improves

has six

that ts

an Appropriate

a procedure

appropriate calibration

a

response

a

response

an

S11

an

S22

a

full

a

1-path

1-port

2-port

calibration

&

isolation

calibration

calibration kit

user dened

Method

has

six

calibration

method

calibration. The

the measurement

dierent methods

your

measurement

Calibration

to

customize

Method"

method

calibration

calibration kit

methods

to

t

.

Y

ou

your

measurement

can

of calibration.

requirement

procedure

a

calibration

choose

by

the

using

You

by

.

kit.

T

able

4-1.

Calibration

Transmission

when

the

highest

Transmission

or reection

as accurate

Measurement

or

reection

accuracy

of

high

of high

return

as 1-port

Type

measurement

is

insertion

loss

or 2-port

not

required.

loss devices

devices

calibration.

.

Not

Reection of any one-port device or well

terminated

two-port device

.

Reection of any one-port device or well

terminated two-port device

.

Transmission or reection of highest

accuracy for two-port devices

. S-parameter

Test Set is required.

Transmission or reection of highest

accuracy for two-port devices. (Reverse test

device between forward and reverse

measurements.)

Method

Calibration

Selection

T

able

Complexity See

Method

Response simple \T

Response

simple \T

&

isolation

o

P

erform

Calibration

o

P

"

erform

Respornse &

a

Response

a

Isolation

Calibration"

S111-port slightly

complex

S221-port slightly

complex

\ToP

erform an S11

1-P

ort Calibration

\ToP

erform an S22

1-Port Calibration

Full 2-port complex \To Make Full 2-P

Calibration"

One-path

2-port

complex \ToPerform a 1-Path

2-Port Calibration"

"

ort

Recommended Network Measurement Task Sequence 4-15

P

erforming

T

o

P

erform

Calibration

a

Response

Calibration

1.

Press

4

Cal

calibration

2.

Connect

key

.

N

NN

CALIBRATE

5

menu.

one

of

following

N

NN

N

NN

MENU

standards

NN

N

.

N

Then

RESPONSE

N

to

display

press

the response

the

corresponding

T

o

P

erform

a

Response

Measurement Type

Transmission

Reection Measurement

3.

Press

&

Isolation

1.

Press

response and

2.

Press

3.

See

2

4.

Press

5.

Connect

6.

Press

7.

Press

Measurement THRU

N

NN

N

DONE:

4

Cal

N

RESPONSE

of

N

DONE:

N

ISOL'N

N

NN

DONE

N

Calibration

N

NN

CALIBRATE

5

N

NN

N

the

\T

N

isolation

N

NN

N

RESP

N

NN

N

.

Perform

N

standard

N

.

N

NN

N

ISOL'N

N

RESPONSE

NN

isolation

N

o

NN

N

RESPONSE

N

STD

N

.

N

MENU

calibration

N

NN

N

RESPONSE

a Response

N

.

(LO

N

NN

N

CAL

Connect Standard

OPEN

SHORT

N

NN

N

NN

&

ISOL'N

menu.

Calibration

AD).

N

.

N

Press

N

NN

N

to display

"

procedure

NN

N

THRU

NN

N

OPEN

N

NN

SHORT

N

the

.

4-16 Recommended Network Measurement Task Sequence

T

o

P

erform

an

S11

1-P

ort

Calibration

Step

1: Opening

the S-11

1-Port

P

erforming

Calibration

Menu

1.

Press

4

2.

Select the

calibration kit

the

same

Calibration

N

3.

Press

Step 2:

1. Connect

2.

Press

NN

When

\

data

to step

3. If

b.

N

CALIBRATE

N

NN

(S11):OPEN

NN

N

(S11):OPENS

the

WAIT -

is

the type-N

a.

Press

(for

The OPEN

underlined.

Press

5

.

Cal

proper

as

N

NN

N

Measuring the

OPEN standard

NN

N

NN

7

MEASURING CAL

measured.

3.

N

OPEN

a

female

N

NN

DONE:OPENS

calibration

name shown

the

calibration kit

Kit"

procedure

N

NN

MENU

N

NN

N

(for

the

mm

or

3.5

The

calibration

N

NN

N

[M]

port

data

is

N

NN

N

(for the

(for

connector).

measured

N

NN

.

N

NN

N

S11

OPEN

to port

type-N

mm

STANDARD

softkey

kit

a

male

.

kit.

If

the

NN

the

to be

NN

N

1-PORT

1.

cal

label

is

selected,

port

and

CAL KIT

N

or

kit).

"

in

NN

7mm

calibration

connector

N

used, see

N

NN

.

3.5

mm

kit

is

displayed

N

NN

N

OPEN

is

do

the

connector)

the

softkey

type

softkey label

the \T

o

Select

cal

kit)

or

selected,

then

following.

the

while

the

underlined.

or

press

label

is

or

is

message

OPEN

N

OPEN

then

not

the

N

NN

Skip

NN

N

[F]

N

Step

3:

Measuring

1.

Disconnect

2.

Press

(for

the

When

data

is measured

4.

3. If the type-N calibration kit is selected, do the following.

a.

Press

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

SHORT [F]

The SHORT data is measured and the softkey label is then

underlined.

b. Press

Step 4: Measuring the LOAD

1. Disconnect the SHORT, and connect an impedance-matched LOAD

(usually 50 or 75 ) at port 1.

the

N

SHORT

type-N

the

7

mm

N

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

SHORT [M]

NNNNN

NNNNNNNNN

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

DONE:SHORTS

the

SHORT

OPEN.

(for

calibration

or

(for a female port connector).

Then

connect

the

7

mm

or

kit).

3.5 mm

and the

NN

calibration kit

softkey label

(for a male port connector) or press

N

.

3.5

aSHORT

mm

calibration

is underlined.

standard to

kit)

is selected,

port 1.

N

SHORTS

or

the SHORT

Skip

to

step

N

NN

Recommended Network Measurement Task Sequence 4-17

P

erforming

T

o

P

erform

Calibration

an

S22

1-P

N

NN

2.

Press

softkey

Step

1.

Press

The

error coecients

NN

LOAD

is

5:

Completing

N

DONE

returned to

displayed,

If

you

message \

ort

Calibration

This

is

selected

F

or

S-parameter

and

press

CAUTION: ADDITIONAL

calibration

automatically

transmission/reection

calibration

and

NN

N

. Then

underlined.

N

NN

N

1-PORT

the screen

\

Cor

N

DONE

without

is

similar

measurements

reverse

wait the

the

Calibration

N

NN

N

CAL

to

are computed,

N

NN

CORRECTION ON

with

"

appears

at

measuring

to

the

.

It

is

used

test

kit,

the

DUT

LOAD

NN

is measured

complete

and

NN

N

the

N

NN

calibration.

correction

N

.A

the

left

side

of

all

the

required

STANDARDS NEEDED

S11

1-port

only

in

the

use

the

between

calibration

with

reverse

S11

1-port

measurement

and the

corrected S11

the

screen.

standards

"

is

except

an

S-parameter

direction

or

1-path

N

NN

N

LOAD

menu

is

trace is

,

displayed.

that

test

with

a

2-port

sweeps

.

the

S22

set.

4-18 Recommended Network Measurement Task Sequence

T

o

Make

Full

2-P

ort

Calibration

Step

1: Calling

the Full

2-Port

P

erforming

Calibration

Menu

1.

Press

4

2.

Select the

calibration kit

the

same

Calibration

N

3.

Press

Step 2:

1. Connect

2.

3.

N

CALIBRATE

Press

NN

N

(S11): OPENS

When

OPEN

If the

a.

Press

N

OPEN

The

underlined.

b.

Press

5

.

Cal

proper

as

N

NN

N

Measuring the

a shielded

N

NN

N

(S11):

N

NN

the

7

data

type-N

N

OPEN

N

NN

N

[F]

OPEN

N

DONE:OPENS

calibration

name shown

the

calibration kit

Kit"

procedure

N

NN

MENU

N

NN

OPEN

NN

N

(for

mm

or

is

measured

calibration

N

NN

N

[M]

N

(for

data

N

NN

N

NN

N

OPEN to

N

3.5

N

(for

a

female

is

N

kit.

in

.

N

NN

N

(for

the

measured.

N

NN

N

FULL

Reection

the 7

type-N

mm

calibration

and

kit

a

male

port connector).

.

If

NN

CAL KIT

the

to be

N

2-PORT

port

1.

mm

calibration

the

softkey

is

selected,

port

The

the

connector

NN

N

used, see

N

NN

N

REFLECT'N

or

3.5

kit

connector)

softkey

N

softkey label

the \T

N

NN

N

mm

calibration

kit).

is

selected

N

OPEN

label

do

the

following.

or

label

type

N

or

o

Select

N

.

in

N

is

underlined.

press

is

then

is

not

the

kit)

step 1,

or

the

4.

Disconnect

5.

Press

N

NN

N

(S11):

When

data

is

6.

If

the

a.

Press

NNNNNNN

SHORT [F]

The SHORT data is measured and the softkey

underlined.

b. Press

7. Disconnect the SHORT and connect an impedance-matched LO

(usually 50 or 75 ) at port 1.

8.

Press

underlined.

9. Repeat the OPEN-SHORT-LOAD measurements described above,

connecting the devices in turn to port 2 and using the (S22)

softkeys.

the

OPEN

N

NN

N

(S11):

N

NN

SHORTS

the

7

measured and

type-N

NN

SHORT

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

N

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

DONE:SHORTS

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

(S11): LOAD

N

SHORT

NN

N

(for

mm

or

calibration

NN

N

[M]

(for a female port connector).

and

connect the

N

NN

N

(for

the 7

mm or

the

type-N

3.5

mm

calibration

the softkey

kit

is

selected, do

N

NN

(for

a

male

NNNNNNNNN

. Then conrm the

SHORT to

3.5

calibration

kit

N

NN

SHORT

label

port

connector) or

NNNNNNNNNNNNNN

LOAD

port

mm

calibration

kit).

is

selected,

NN

N

is

underlined.

the following.

press

label is then

softkey label is

1.

the

kit)

SHORT

or

AD

Recommended Network Measurement Task Sequence 4-19

P

erforming

Calibration

N

10.

The

two-port

underlined).

Step

1.

Press

2.

Connect

points

3.

When

S21

underlined.

4.

Press

measured

5.

Press

is

6.

Press

measured

7.

Press

NN

REFLECT'N

Press

reection

calibration

3:

Measuring

NN

N

TRANSMISSION

where

the

frequency response

N

NN

FWD.

N

REV.

measured

N

REV.

N

TRANS.

NN

N

calibration

NN

N

a

THRU

the

trace

NN

N

MATCH THRU

and

N

NN

TRANS.

and

N

NN

N

MATCH

and

N

NN

N

NN

DONE

menu

the

N

NN

N

connection

test

settles

N

NN

N

the

softkey

N

THRU

the

softkey label

N

THRU

the

softkey label

N

DONE

.

NN

N

.

coecients

is

displayed

Transmission

.

between

device

,

N

NN

is

connected.

N

FWD.

press

is measured

N

. Then

label

N

NN

N

.

Then

NN

N

.

Then

N

wait

is

wait

is underlined.

are

computed

(with

the

port

1

N

NN

N

the

N

the

S11

S12

S22

TRANS.

and

underlined.

wait

is underlined.

and

N

NN

REFLECT'N

and

port

N

NN

N

THRU

.

softkey

load

match

frequency

load

match

stored. The

NN

N

softkey

2

at

the

Then

wait

label

is

response

is

The

transmission

calibration menu

underlined).

Step

4:

Measuring

1.

If

correction for

N

OMIT

2.

If

LOADs

3.

Press

measured

4.

Press

measured and the softkey

5.

Press

The isolation error coecients are stored. The two-port calibration

menu is displayed (with the

Step 5: Completing the

1.

Press

N

ISOLATION

correction

to port

N

FWD

N

NN

REV

N

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

ISOLATION DONE

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

DONE: 2-PORT CAL

coecients are

is

N

NN

N

for

1

N

NN

N

ISOL'N

and the

NN

N

ISOL'N

displayed

the

isolation

N

ISOLATION

isolation

and

port

N

NN

ISOL'N

softkey

N

NN

ISOL'N

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

computed

(with

the

Isolation

is

not

N

NN

N

NN

N

.

NNNN

Calibration

required,

N

NN

N

DONE

is

required, connect

2.

N

NN

N

STD

. Then

label

is

underlined.

N

NN

STD

.

Then

label is underlined.

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

ISOLATION

to complete the calibration.

and

N

NN

N

TRANSMISSION

N

press

N

.

Then

wait the

wait

softkey underlined).

stored.

N

skip

impedance-matched

the

The

N

NN

N

softkey

N

NN

N

ISOLATION

to

S21 isolation

S12

N

step

isolation

two-port

N

5.

N

is

The error coecients are computed and stored. The correction menu

is displayed (with

The notation \C2" at the left of the screen indicates that two-port

error correction is ON.

4-20 Recommended Network Measurement Task Sequence

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

CORRECTION ON

). A corrected trace is displayed.

Now

the test

calibration

device can

data on

the

be

connected

built-in

disk

and

drive

P

erforming

measured.

.

Calibration

Save

the

Recommended Network Measurement Task Sequence 4-21

P

erforming

T

o

P

erform

Calibration

a

1-P

ath

2-P

ort

Calibration

Step

1: Calling

the 1-P

ath 2-P

ort

Calibration

Menu

1.

Press

4

Cal

2.

Select the

calibration kit

the

same

Calibration

N

3.

Press

Step 2:

1. Connect

2.

Press

NN

(S11): OPENS

The

underlined.

3.

If the

a.

b.

N

CALIBRATE

Measuring the

N

NN

(S11):

NN

N

OPEN data

type-N

Press

(for

The

underlined.

Press

5

.

proper

name shown

as

the

Kit"

N

NN

N

a shielded

NN

N

a

OPEN

N

NN

N

calibration

N

OPEN

female port

data

N

NN

N

DONE:OPENS

calibration

calibration kit

procedure

N

NN

MENU

OPEN to

N

NN

N

(for

is

measured,

NN

N

[M]

is

N

NN

.

N

NN

N

ONE-PATH

Reection

(for

the 7

the

type-N

kit

(for

a

male

connector).

measured

N

.

kit.

in

NN

N

the

and

is

If

the

NN

N

CAL KIT

the

to be

used, see

N

NN

2-PORT

test

port.

mm

calibration

the

softkey

selected,

port

connector)

and

the

connector

N

NN

N

kit).

do

the

softkey

type

or

softkey label

the \T

o

Select

N

NN

N

or

N

NN

N

OPEN

press

is

N

then

REFLECT'N

kit)

label

following.

or

label

is

N

.

N

is

N

OPEN

not

the

N

NN

N

[F]

4.

Disconnect

5.

Press

(for the

When the

data

is

6. If

the

a.

Press

N

SHORT [F]

The SHORT data is measured and the softkey label is then

underlined.

b. Press

7. Disconnect the SHORT

(50 or 75 )

8.

Press

label

9.

Press

the

OPEN and

N

NN

SHORT

type-N

N

NN

N

NNNNNNNNNNNNNN

LOAD

NNNNNNNNNNNNNN

LOAD

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

REFLECT'N DONE

(for

the

type-N calibration

7mm

or 3.5

measured

N

NN

SHORT [M]

N

NN

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

DONE:SHORTS

and

calibration

NN

N

(for a female port connector).

NNNNNNNNNN

to the test port.

. Then wait the LOAD is measured and the softkey

is underlined.

connect

7

mm

or

kit).

mm

calibration

the

softkey

kit

is

N

(for a

male port

.

and connect an impedance-matched LO

.

a

SHORT

3.5

mm

label

selected,

to

the

calibration

kit

is

selected,

N

NN

N

SHORT

do

connector) or

is

the

following.

test

port.

N

the

press

SHORTS

SHORT

kit) or

underlined.

N

NN

N

AD

4-22 Recommended Network Measurement Task Sequence

The

reection calibration

two-port calibration

underlined).

coecients are

menu is

computed

displayed (with

P

erforming

and

NN

REFLECT'N

the

N

stored.

N

Calibration

NN

The

softkey

NN

Step 3:

1.

Connect

the

connected).

2.

Press

3.

Press

is

4.

Press

measured

5.

Press

The

calibration

underlined).

Step

1.

If

N

2.

If

LO

3.

Press

measured

4.

Press

Measuring the

analyzer

N

TRANSMISSION

N

FWD.

measured

N

FWD.

NN

TRANS. DONE

transmission

4:

Measuring

correction

N

NN

N

OMIT

N

ISOLATION

correction

ADs

to

N

FWD

N

ISOLATION

a

THRU

N

NN

N

NN

N

and

NN

N

menu

N

the

N

and

N

NN

N

TRANS.

and

N

NN

MATCH

N

ISOL'N

NN

N

between the

(connect

N

NN

N

the

N

coecients

is

for isolation

N

NN

N

for

test

N

NN

the

N

to

N

NN

.

N

NN

N

THRU

the

softkey

N

NN

THRU

softkey

NN

N

.

displayed

the

N

ISOLATION

isolation

port

N

ISOL'N

softkey

N

NN

DONE

Transmission

test port

the points

N

. Then

NN

N

.

Then

label

are

(with

Isolation

is not

NN

N

is

and

N

NN

N

label

N

.

wait the

label

is

wait

is

underlined.

computed

the

required,

N

NN

N

DONE

required,

the

return

N

STD

.

Then

is

underlined.

N

and the

at which

underlined.

the

N

TRANSMISSION

N

.

Skip

connect

port.

the test

S21 frequency

S11

load

and

stored.

N

NN

N

press

to

step

impedance-matched

wait

the

return

device is

match

The

N

softkey

N

NN

N

5.

S21

N

isolation

N

ISOLATION

cable

response

is

two-port

N

to

is

The

isolation error

menu

is

displayed

Step

5: Completing

N

NN

1.

The error coecients are

is displayed with

The notation \

correction is ON.

Step 6:

1. Connect the test device in the reverse direction. Then press

2. Reconnect the test device in the forward direction. Then press

N

Press

NNNNNNN

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

DONE

Performing the Measurement

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

PRESS to CONTINUE

coecients are

(with

N

NN

2-PORT

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

CORRECTION ON

C2

" at the left of the screen indicates that 2-port error

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

N

the

Calibration

NN

N

CAL

computed and stored. The correction menu

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

.

Recommended Network Measurement Task Sequence 4-23

stored.

N

NN

N

ISOLATION

to complete

N

. A corrected trace is displayed.

N

softkey

The

the

calibration.

two-port

underlined).

calibration

P

erforming

Calibration

Now

the error

test device

, press

procedure of

corrected trace

4

Trigger

NN

5

step 6.

is

NN

N

displayed.

N

NN

If

NN

N

you

N

NN

MEASUREMENT RESTART

measure

NN

N

.Then

the

other

perform the

Save the

For

Function

calibration data

additional information

R

eference

on a

disk or

about calibration,

RAM disk.

see chapter

5of

the

.

4-24 Recommended Network Measurement Task Sequence

T

o

Select

the

Calibration

Kit

P

erforming

Calibration

T

o

Customize

the

User

1.

Press

2.

Press

3.

Press one

Calibration

7mm

3.5

mm

50



75



User

Dened

T

o

Dene the

Step

1.

Prepare

want

T

able

5

4

.

Cal

N

NN

N

CAL

N

KIT [...]

of

the

Kit

calibration kit

calibration

N

type

N

type

dened

calibration

Calibration

Standard Denition

1:

Preparation.

the

\

to

use

.

4-2

is

an

example

N

NN

N

following

kit

Kit

Standard

of

N

.

keys:

kit

Denitions

a

standard

Press

NN

N

CAL KIT:

N

NN

N

3.5mm

N

NN

N

50

NN

N

75

N

NN

N

"

N

KIT

table

USER

denition

N

NN

N

7mm

N

of

the

table

standard

.

kit

you

T

able

4-2.

Example

ST

AND

ARD

NO.TYPE DELA

C0

-15

2

10

1 SHORT 0 700 50 0 999 CO

2 OPEN 108 55 130 0 0 700 50 0 999 CO

3 LO

4 DELA

AD

Y/THRU

FC12

10

-27

of

the

FC22

Standard

-36

F/HzC32

10

Denitions

-45

F/Hz

10

FIXED

SLIDING

(85032B

OR

50

Type-N

OFFSET FREQUENCY

LOSS

Z

Y

ps

M/s

MINIMUM MAXIMUM

0



Calibration

(GHz)

FIXED 0 700 50 0 999 CO

0 700 50 0 999 CO

Kit)

CO

W

A

VEGUIDE

AX

ST

or

AND

LABEL

SHORT(M)

OPEN(M)

BRO

AD-B

THRU

5

6

7 SHORT 17.544 700 50 0 999 COAX SHORT(F)

8 OPEN 62 17 28 0 17.544 700 50 0 999 COAX OPEN(F)

Step 2: A

1. Press

2.

Press

3.

Press

4.

Press

ctivating the Dene Standard Menu.

5

.

4

Cal

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

CAL KIT [...]

.

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

MODIFY [...]

.

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

DEFINE STANDARD

.

ARD

AND

5. Select standard number.

Recommended Network Measurement Task Sequence 4-25

P

erforming

Calibration

6.

Select standard

If

you did

Step

1.

Press

2.

Press

3.

Press

not select

3: Entering

NN

C0

NN

N

C1

N

C2

NN

.

Then enter

N

.

Then

N

.

Then

type.

standard type

aC

Parameters

C0 (

enter

C1

enter

C2

as OPEN

.

-15

10

-27

-36

F).

F/Hz).

F/Hz2).

2

(

2

(

2

in step

2, skip

to

step

4.

Step 4:

1.

Press

2.

Press

Step

5: Entering

1.

Press

2.

Enter

3.

Press

Step

6:

1.

Press

2.

Press

Entering

N

NN

N

SPECIFY

N

OFFSET

N

OFFSET

N

OFFSET

N

STD

N

NN

LABEL

a

standard

N

DONE

Completing

N

STD

N

NN

N

KIT

N

NN

N

NN

N

NN

OFFSET

N

.

N

NN

DONE

N

DONE

an

N

NN

N

NN

N

a Standard

N

STD

N

OFFSET

NN

N

OFFSET

NN

DELAY

N

LOSS

N

Z0

N

NN

N

.

NN

N

.

Then

N

.

Then

N

.

Then

N

NN

N

DONE

.

N

.

label

up

the

Denition

N

NN

N

(DEFINED)

NN

N

(MODIFIED)

N

P

arameters

enter

Z

Class Label.

to

10

characters

of

N

.

N

NN

N

.

DELA

Y

.

LOSS.

.

0

.

a

Calibration Kit.

4-26 Recommended Network Measurement Task Sequence

T

o Dene

Step

1: Preparing

1.

Prepare the

kit.

T

able

a Class

standard

4-3.

Standard

Assignment

for

the

Class

class

assignment

Class

Assignment.

table

Assignment

P

erforming

for

your

of

the

Calibration

calibration

85032B

A B C D E F G ST

CLASS

S11A 2 8 OPENS

S11B 1 7 SHORTS

S11C 3 LO

AD

S22A 2 8 OPENS

S22B 1 7 SHORTS

S22C 3 LO

F

orward

Reverse

Forward

Reverse

Transmission

Match

4 Fwd.

4 Rev

4 Fwd. Match

4 Rev

AD

Trans

. Trans

.

Match

Response 1 7 2 8 4 RESPONSE

Response

Step

1.

Press

2.

Select

&

Isolation

2:

Specifying

N

SPECIFY

standard

NN

N

1 7 2 8 4 Response

the

Class

.

N

NN

N

CLASS

class

.

AND

Thru

&

ARD

LABEL

Thru

Isol'n

T

o

Select

S11A

S11B

S11C

S22A

S22B

S22C

Press

N

SPECIFY:

N

NN

S11B

N

NN

N

S11C

N

NN

SPECIFY:

N

NN

N

S22B

NN

NNNNNNNNNNNN

S22C

NNNNNNNNNNNNNN

Forward Transmission

Reverse Transmission

MORE

NNNNNNNNNN

MORE

NNNN

NNNNNNNNNNNNNN

Forward Match

Reverse Match

MORE

NNNNNNNNNNNNNN

MORE

NNNNNNNNNNNNNN

Response

Response & Isolation

MORE

NNNNNNNNNNNNN

N

MORE

3. Enter the standard number from A to G.

Recommended Network Measurement Task Sequence 4-27

N

NN

N

S11A

NN

N

NN

N

S22A

NNNNNNNNNNNNNN

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

SPECIFY: FWD. TRANS.

NNNNNNNNNN

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

REV.TRANS.

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

FWD. MATCH

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

NNNNNNNNNN

NNNNNNNNNNN

REV.MATCH

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

RESPONSE

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

RESPONSE & ISOL'N

P

erforming

Calibration

4.

Press

Step

1.

Press

N

NN

CLASS

3:

Labeling

N

LABEL

NN

N

NN

N

NN

label

NN

.

Class

the

Label.

standard

class

.

DONE (SPEC'D)

the

Standard

N

NN

N

CLASS

to

2. Select

See

2

3. Enter

4.

Press

T

o

Label

1.

Press

2.

Enter

3.

Press

4.

Press

5.

Press

After

the

denition

class

assignment.

T

o

V

erify

1.

Press

as

a

user-dened kit.

2.

Press

the standard

of

Step

2.

or modify

N

NN

N

Save

NN

N

KIT

N

CAL

N

MORE

5

DONE

NN

N

KIT

N

NN

KIT

N

.

the

N

NN

N

NN

[...]

N

KIT

NN

N

LABEL

and

N

LABEL

label.

N

NN

DONE

N

NN

N

CAL

N

RETURN

user-dened

using

Denition

5

4

Cal

4

Cop

y

class.

the correspondent

N

NN

.

Calibration

N

.

N

DONE

NN

N

calibration

copy

function

of

User-Dened

NN

N

[...]

N

NN

N

CAL

N

Kit.

N

NN

N

(MODIFIED)

N

NN

N

SAVE

N

KIT

N

USER

kit

that

N

NN

USER

N

NN

DEFINITION

standard class

N

NN

.

N

NN

N

NN

KIT

N

USER

KIT

is

dened,

lists

standard

Calibration

N

to

N

.

NN

N

you

specify

label.

N

NN

KIT

can verify

parameters

Kit.

the

.

calibration

the

and

kit

3.

4.

T

o

display

N

NN

N

STANDARD

number

T

o

display

NN

N

CLASS

T

o

make

T

o

return

N

if

N

NN

ASSIGNMENT

a

hardcopy

to

the

standard

NN

N

DEFINITON

you

the

NN

N

the

N

want

dened

N

,

press

normal display

parameters

N

NN

N

.

to

list

class

N

.

Then

press

the

dened

assignment,

N

NN

PRINT

,

press

dened,

the

softkey

parameters

press

NN

N

[STANDARD]

NN

N

NN

N

RESTORE

NN

N

press

labeled

N

.

N

NN

DISPLAY

.

NN

N

standard

N

.

4-28 Recommended Network Measurement Task Sequence

Reading

the

Measured

Result

Step 8:

T

o Read

Reading the

aV

alue Using

Measured Result

If you

the trace

search for

search function.

using the

can obtain

To

read a

To

stabilize the

To

use

the

To

use

the

To

search

To

search

the correct

gain and

specic points

This step

marker and

value using

trace

sub-markers

1marker

for

a

point

for

the

function

To

dene

the

peak

the Marker

1.

2.

Press

Move

4

Ma

the

5

.

rk

er

marker

trace on

frequency by

(like peaks

provides procedures

the marker

the

marker

which

has

peak-to-peak

for

search

to

the

point

the display

using the

or ripples)

search

the

target

of

ripples

you

want

marker.

by using

for

functions

value

using

to

read

,you

can

The analyzer

the marker

reading

.

the

statistics

using

the

readout

can

values

.

3.

Read

the

marker

value

displayed

on

the

upper

Figure 4-8. Marker Readout

right

of

the

display

.

Recommended Network Measurement Task Sequence 4-29

Reading

To

the

Stabilize the

Measured

Trace

Result

When

the

value,

Stop

Use

T

oStop

the

marker

you can

the sweep

the averaging

the Sweep

.

value changes

use the

following techniques

function.

frequently and

it is

dicult to

to stabilize

read

the trace:

1.

Press

4

N

2.

Press

The

If

you

T

o

A

veraging

1.

Press

2.

Press

3. Enter

4.

T

"Avg"

The

until

completed,

each

The

If you

you

NN

SWEEP:

sweep is

want

Reduce

4

N

AVERAGING

the

oggle

appears

averaging

it

reaches

sweep

averaging

want

can

restart

5

.

T

rigger

N

NN

N

HOLD

.

stopped immediately

to

restart

V

ariation

5

Bw/Avg

N

NN

N

number

N

NN

AVERAGING

on the

notation

the

counter

.

factor

to

change

averaging

the

of the

.

N

NN

N

FACTOR

of

times

NN

N

on

left side

counts

specied averaging

halts

can

the

sweep

N

NN

OFF

be

setting

from

(even if

,

press

Measurement Trace

N

.

to

average

N

NN

N

and

set

N

ON

to

of

display

the averaging

the

from

of

any

the

0

the sweep

N

NN

CONTINUOUS

.

Then

N

NN

N

off

.

when

factor

trace

continues

0

to

999.

parameter

count.

NN

N

press

averaging

factor

.

When

N

.

during

averaging

updating

when

is

in

Using

5

.

4

2

1

is

averaging,

progress).

turned

averaging

is

with

on.

T

o

Restart

1.

Press

2.

Press

This resets

incrementing

To Use the Sub-markers

1. Press

2. Move the marker to a point where you want to set a sub-marker

3.

Press

4.

Select from

5. Press

6.

Toggle

The sub-marker appears at the point of that the marker is displayed.

Sub-markers are xed horizontally and you cannot move them.

4-30 Recommended Network Measurement Task Sequence

the

4

Bw/Avg

N

NN

AVERAGING

the averaging

4

Marker

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

SUB MKR

4

Utility

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

N

MKR LIST on OFF

A

veraging.

5

.

NN

N

with

every

5

.

NNNNN

.

NNNNNNNNNNNNN

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

SUB MKR 1

5

.

N

NN

N

RESTART

counter

sweep

N

to

N

.

NNNNN

7

to

0

.

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

N

ON off

and

.

the

counter

starts

.

Agilent 4396B Task Reference

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual