Agilent 4395A Operation Manual

HP 4395A Network/Spectrum/Impedance Analyzer

Operation Manual

SERIAL NUMBERS

This manual applies directly to instruments which have the serial number prex JP1KE.

For additional important information about serial numbers,

read \Serial Number" in Appendix D of this Manual.

HP Part No. 04395-90010

Printed in JAPAN September 1998

Second Edition

Notice

The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice.

This document contains proprietary information that is protected by copyright. All rights are

reserved. No part of this document may be photocopied, reproduced, or translated to another

language without the prior written consent of the Hewlett-Packard Company.

Hewlett-Packard Japan, LTD.

Kobe Instrument Division

1-3-2, Murotani, Nishi-ku, Kobe-shi,

Hyogo, 651-2241 Japan

c



Copyright 1997,1998 Hewlett-Packard Japan, LTD.

Manual Printing History

The manual printing date and part number indicate its current edition. The printing date

changes when a new edition is printed. (Minor corrections and updates that are incorporated

at reprint do not cause the date to change.) The manual part number changes when extensive

technical changes are incorporated.

September 1997

September 1998

::::: ::::::: :::::: ::::::: ::::::: :::::: ::::::: ::::::: :::::: ::::::: :::

::::: ::::::: ::::::: :::::: ::::::: ::::::: :::::: ::::::: ::::::: :::::: :

First Edition

Second Edition

iii

Certication

Hewlett-Packard Company certies that this product met its published specications at the

time of shipment from the factory. Hewlett-Packard further certies that its calibration

measurements are traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and

Technology, to the extent allowed by the Institution's calibration facility, or to the calibration

facilities of other International Standards Organization members.

Warranty

This Hewlett-Packard instrument product is warranted against defects in material and

workmanship for a period of one year from the date of shipment, except that in the case of

certain components listed in

General Information

of this manual, the warranty shall be for the

specied period. During the warranty period, Hewlett-Packard Company will, at its option,

either repair or replace products that prove to be defective.

For warranty service or repair, this product must be returned to a service facility designated by

HP. Buyer shall prepay shipping charges to HP and HP shall pay shipping charges to return the

product to Buyer. However, Buyer shall pay all shipping charges, duties, and taxes for products

returned to HP from another country.

HP warrants that its software and rmware designated by HP for use with an instrument will

execute its programming instruction when property installed on that instrument. HP does not

warrant that the operation of the instrument, or software

, or rmware will be uninterrupted or

error free.

Limitation Of Warranty

The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or inadequate

maintenance by Buyer, Buyer-supplied software or interfacing, unauthorized modication or

misuse, operation outside the environmental specications for the product, or improper site

preparation or maintenance.

No other warranty is expressed or implied. HP specically disclaims the implied warranties

of merchantability and tness for a particular purpose.

iv

Exclusive Remedies

The remedies provided herein are buyer's sole and exclusive remedies. HP shall not be liable

for any direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages, whether based on

contract, tort, or any other legal theory.

Assistance

Product maintenance agreements and other customer assistance agreements are available for

Hewlett-Packard products.

For any assistance, contact your nearest Hewlett-Packard Sales and Service Oce.Addresses

are provided at the back of this manual.

v

Safety Summary

The following general safety precautions must be observed during all phases of operation,

service, and repair of this instrument. Failure to comply with these precautions or with specic

WARNINGS

elsewhere in this manual may impair the protection provided by the equipment.

In addition it violates safety standards of design, manufacture, and intended use of the

instrument.

The Hewlett-Packard Company assumes no liability for the customer's failure to comply with

these requirements.

Note

HP 4395A comply with INSTALLATION CATEGORY II and POLLUTION

DEGREE 2 in IEC1010-1. HP 4395A are INDOOR USE product.

Note

LEDs in this product are Class 1 in accordance with IEC825-1.

CLASS 1 LED PRODUCT

Ground The Instrument

To avoid electric shock hazard, the instrument chassis and cabinet must be connected to a

safety earth ground by the supplied power cable with earth blade

.

DO NOT Operate In An Explosive Atmosphere

Do not operate the instrument in the presence of ammable gasses or fumes

. Operation of any

electrical instrument in such an environment constitutes a denite safety hazard.

Keep Away From Live Circuits

Operating personnel must not remove instrument covers. Component replacement and internal

adjustments must be made by qualied maintenance personnel. Do not replace components

with the power cable connected. Under certain conditions, dangerous voltages may exist even

with the power cable removed. To avoid injuries, always disconnect power and discharge

circuits before touching them.

DO NOT Service Or Adjust Alone

Do not attempt internal service or adjustment unless another person, capable of rendering rst

aid and resuscitation, is present.

DO NOT Substitute Parts Or Modify Instrument

Because of the danger of introducing additional hazards, do not install substitute parts

or perform unauthorized modications to the instrument. Return the instrument to a

Hewlett-Packard Sales and Service Oce for service and repair to ensure that safety features

are maintained.

vi

Dangerous Procedure Warnings

Warnings

, such as the example below, precede potentially dangerous procedures throughout

this manual. Instructions contained in the warnings must be followed.

Warning

Dangerous voltages, capable of causing death, are present in this

instrument. Use extreme caution when handling, testing, and adjusting

this instrument.

vii

Safety Symbols

General denitions of safety symbols used on equipment or in manuals are listed below.

Instruction manual symbol: the product is marked with this symbol when it is

necessary for the user to refer to the instruction manual.

Alternating current.

Direct current.

On (Supply).

O (Supply).

In position of push-button switch.

Out position of push-button switch.

Frame (or chassis) terminal. A connection to the frame (chassis) of the

equipment which normally include all exposed metal structures.

This

Warning

condition or the like, which, if not correctly performed or adhered to

sign denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure, practice,

, could

result in injury or death to personnel.

This

Caution

sign denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure

condition or the like, which, if not correctly performed or adhered to

, practice,

, could

result in damage to or destruction of part or all of the product.

This

Note

sign denotes important information. It calls attention to a

procedure, practice, condition or the like, which is essential to highlight.

Axed to product containing static sensitive devices use anti-static handling

procedures to prevent electrostatic discharge damage to component.

viii

Typeface Conventions

Bold

Italics

Computer

4

HARDKEYS

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

SOFTKEYS

Boldface type is used when a term is dened. For example:

icons

are

symbols.

Italic type is used for emphasis and for titles of manuals and other

publications.

Italic type is also used for keyboard entries when a name or a variable

must be typed in place of the words in italics.For example:

lename

type the name of a le such as

means to type the word

file1

copy

, to type a space, and then to

.

copy

Computer font is used for on-screen prompts and messages.

5

Labeled keys on the instrument front panel are enclosed in45.

NNNNN

Softkeys located to the right of the LCD are enclosed in

.

ix

Documentation Map

The following manuals are available for the analyzer.

Operation Manual (HP Part Number 04395-90010)

The Operation Manual describes all function accessed from the front panel keys and

softkeys. It also provides information on options and accessories available, specications,

system performance, and some topics about the analyzer's features.

Programming Manual (HP Part Number 04395-90001)

The Programming Manual shows how to write and use BASIC program to control the

analyzer and describes how HP Instrument BASIC works with the analyzer..

HP Instrument BASIC Users Handbook (HP Part Number E2083-90005)

The HP Instrument BASIC User's Handbook introduces you to the HP Instrument BASIC

programming language, provide some helpful hints on getting the most use from it, and

provide a general programming reference. It is divided into three books,

BASIC Programming Techniques,HP Instrument BASIC Interface Techniques

Instrument BASIC Language Reference

Service Manual (Option 0BW only), (HP Part Number 04395-90100)

The Service Manual explains how to adjust, troubleshoot, and repair the instrument.

This manual is option 0BW only.

.

HP Instrument

, and

HP

x

Contents

1. Introduction

About the HP 4395A Network/Spectrum/Impedance Analyzer ......... 1-1

About This Guide .............................. 1-1

Document Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

2. Installation Guide

Incoming Inspection ............................. 2-2

Replacing Fuse ............................. 2-4

Fuse Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4

Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Power Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Power Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Operation Environment ...........................

Ventilation Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Instruction for Cleaning .. ...... ...... ...... ...... .

Rack/Handle Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Option 1CN Handle Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Installing the Handle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Option 1CM Rack Mount Kit ...... ...... ...... ..... .

Mounting the Rack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Option 1CP Rack Mount & Handle Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Mounting the Handle and Rack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Connecting Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Connecting a Test Set for Network Analyzer Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Connecting an Active Probe .........................

For Spectrum Analyzer Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12

For Network Analyzer Mode ........................ 2-12

Connecting an Impedance Test Kit and a Test Fixture for Impedance Analyzer

Mode ................................. 2-16

Connecting an Impedance Test Kit ...... ...... ...... .. 2-16

Connecting a Test Fixture to the Impedance TestKit............

Connecting a Keyboard ...........................

Setting Up a 75  Measurement For Spectrum Analyzer Mode .........

2-4

2-5

2-5

2-7

2-7

2-7

2-8

2-8

2-8

2-9

2-9

2-9

2-9

2-9

2-10

2-12

2-16

2-18

2-19

3. Quick Start Guide

Network Analyzer Tour .... ...... ...... ...... .....

Before You Leave On The Tour .......... ...... ...... ..

Overview .................................

Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

Step 1: Preparing for the Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

Turning ON the HP 4395A .........................

Connecting the DUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Step 2: Setting up the HP 4395A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the Analyzer Type .........................

Setting the Active Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-1

3-1

3-1

3-3

3-3

3-5

3-5

3-6

Contents-1

Selecting the Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6

Setting the Frequency Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7

Performing the Automatic Scaling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8

Step 3: Making a Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10

Step 4: Reading a Measurement Result .................... 3-12

Reading a Measured Value by Using Marker ................. 3-12

Step 5: Printing Out the Measurement Result ................. 3-14

Conguring and Connecting a Printer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14

Making a Hardcopy of the LCD Display ................... 3-14

Spectrum Analyzer Tour ........ ...... ...... ...... . 3-15

Before You Leave On The Tour ........................ 3-15

Overview ................................. 3-15

Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16

Step 1: Preparing for a Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17

Turning ON the HP 4395A ........ ...... ...... ..... 3-17

Connecting the DUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17

Step 2: Setting Up the HP 4395A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-18

Setting the Analyzer Type ......................... 3-18

Setting the Active Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19

Selecting the Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19

Setting the Frequency Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Step 3: Making a Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Reading the Peak Level Using the Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the Resolution Bandwidth to See Low Level Signals

...... ...

Searching for Harmonics Using the Search Function .............

Step 4: Saving and Recalling HP 4395A Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Preparing the Disk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Saving HP 4395A Settings .........................

Entering the File Name .........................

Recalling the HP 4395A Settings ......................

Impedance Analyzer Tour ..........................

Before You Leave On The Tour .......................

Overview ................................

Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Step 1: Preparing for the Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-20

3-22

3-22

3-23

3-25

3-26

3-26

3-27

3-27

3-29

3-31

3-31

3-31

3-32

3-33

Connecting the Impedance TestKit .. ...... ...... ...... 3-33

Turning ON the HP 4395A ........................ 3-33

Setting Up the HP 4395A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-34

Setting the Analyzer Type ...... ...... ..... ...... . 3-34

Activating Channel 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-35

Setting the Sweep Parameters ......................

Setting the Output Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the IF Bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the Averaging Factor ...... ...... ...... .....

Step 3: Making a Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

OPEN Calibration ............................

SHORT Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

LOAD Calibration .... ...... ...... ..... ...... .

3-36

3-37

3-38

3-39

3-41

3-41

3-42

3-43

Step 4: Connecting and Setting Up a Test Fixture .. ...... ...... 3-45

Connecting the xture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-45

Setting the Electrical Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-45

Fixture Compensation ........ ...... ..... ...... . 3-47

Step 5: Carrying Out Impedance Measurement ........ ...... .

Selecting the Measurement Parameters for Channel 1 ...........

Connecting the DUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-49

3-49

3-50

Contents-2

Performing the Automatic Scaling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-50

Step 6: Switching from Channel 1 to Channel 2 ........ ...... . 3-52

Setting the Averaging Factor for Channel 2 ........ ...... .. 3-53

Step 7: Selecting the measurement parameters for Channel 2 ........ 3-54

Step 8: Dual Channel Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-56

4. Front and Rear Panels

Features of HP 4395A ............................ 4-1

Front Panel ................................. 4-1

1. Hardkeys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

ACTIVE CHANNEL Block ........................ 4-2

MEASUREMENT Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

SWEEP Key Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

MARKER Block ........ ...... ...... ...... ... 4-2

INSTRUMENT STATE Block ....................... 4-2

ENTRY keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

2. Softkeys .... ...... ...... ...... ...... .... 4-2

Softkeys that are Joined by Vertical Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

Softkeys That Toggle Between On and O States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

Softkeys that Show Status Indications in Brackets . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

3. HP-IB \

4.

4

Preset

REMOTE

5

Key ........ ...... ...... ...... .....

" Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5. PROBE POWER Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-3

4-3

4-3

6. Analyzer Input Terminals R, A, and B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7. RF OUT Connector .......... ...... ..... ......

8. DC SOURCE (DC Voltage/Current Output) Connector (Option 001) . . . 4-4

9. Built-in Flexible Disk Drive .......... ...... ...... .

10. LINE Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) ......................

Screen Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1. Active Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2. Measured Input(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3. Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4. SCALE/DIV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5. Reference Level ............................ 4-7

6. Marker Data Readout .......... ...... ...... .... 4-7

7. Marker Statistics and Width Value .................... 4-7

8. Softkey Labels ............................. 4-8

9. PASS/FAIL ...............................

10. Sweep Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11. Sweep Parameter Span/Stop Value .. ...... ...... .....

12. Power Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13. CW Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14. Video Bandwidth (VBW) ............ ...... ......

15. Input Attenuator ...........................

16. Sweep Parameter Center/Start Value ........ ...... ....

17. RBW/IFBW .............................. 4-9

18. Status Notations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9

19. External Reference ........ ...... ...... ...... 4-10

20. Active Entry Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

21. Message Area .............................

22. Title .................................

Rear Panel Features and Connectors .. ...... ...... ...... .

4-4

4-4

4-5

4-5

4-5

4-5

4-6

4-7

4-7

4-7

4-8

4-8

4-8

4-8

4-8

4-8

4-8

4-8

4-10

4-10

4-10

4-11

Contents-3

1. External Reference Input Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11

2. Internal Reference Output Connector .................. 4-11

3. External Program RUN/CONT Input ........ ..... ...... 4-12

4. I/O Port ................................ 4-12

5. Power Cable Receptacle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12

6. HP-IB Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12

7. External Monitor Terminal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12

8. Parallel Interface ............................ 4-12

9. 24-bit I/O Port ............................. 4-12

10. mini-DIN Keyboard Connector ...... ...... ...... ... 4-12

11. Test Set I/O Interface ....................... 4-13

12. Gate Output (Option 1D6 Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13

13. External Trigger Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13

14. Reference Oven Output (Option 1D5 Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13

5. Preparations for Measurements

Selecting an appropriate connection of DUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

For Network Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

Connecting DUT for Directional Transmission Characteristic Measurement . . 5-1

Connecting DUT for Directional Transmission and Reection Characteristics

Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Connecting DUT for Bi-directional Transmission and Reection Characteristics

(Four S Parameters) Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Connecting DUT for Transmission Characteristic Measurement When the

Output Signal is in a Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Connecting DUT for Transmission Characteristic Measurement When the Input

and Output Signals are in a Circuit .. ...... ...... ....

For Spectrum Measurement .. ...... ...... ..... .....

Connecting DUT When Directly Measuring the Signal .. ...... ...

Connecting DUT When Measuring the Signal in a Circuit . . . . . . . . . .

For Impedance Measurement (Option 010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Connecting the Impedance TestKit .. ...... ...... ......

Presetting HP 4395A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-2

5-2

5-3

5-5

5-6

5-6

5-6

5-8

5-8

5-9

6. Setting and Optimizing Measurement Conditions

Selecting the Analyzer Mode .......... ...... ...... ... 6-2

Selecting the Active Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2

Dual Channel Display ............................ 6-3

Setting Up the Trigger System ........ ...... ...... .... 6-4

Setting Up the Trigger System .......................

Using the External Trigger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the Trigger Signal Polarity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Generating a Trigger Event on Each Measurement Point (NA, ZA Mode) . . . . 6-5

Setting the Sweep Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Selecting the Sweep Mode .........................

Selecting the Sweep Type .. ...... ...... ...... .....

Using the Power Sweep Function (NA, ZA Mode) .............. 6-7

Selecting the Input Port/Measurement Parameter ............... 6-7

To Select the Input Port in NA Mode .................... 6-7

With the T/R Test Set .. ...... ...... ...... ......

With the S-Parameter Test Set .. ...... ...... ...... ..

To Select the Input Port in SA Mode ........ ...... ......

To Select the Measurement Parameter in ZA mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Selecting the Measurement Format (NA, ZA Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Contents-4

6-4

6-4

6-5

6-6

6-6

6-6

6-7

6-7

6-8

6-8

6-10

Selecting the Measurement Format in NA Mode ............... 6-10

Displaying the Trace as a Smith Chart (NA, ZA Mode) ........ .... 6-10

How To Change Marker Readout Format (NA, ZA Mode) ........... 6-11

Using the Impedance Conversion Function (NA Mode) ............ 6-11

To Display Phase beyond6180 Degrees (NA, ZA Mode) ........... 6-12

Using the Complex Plane Format (ZA Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-12

Displaying R-X in the Complex Plane ................... 6-12

Using the Marker ............................ 6-13

Adjusting the Scale Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13

Selecting the Display Unit .......................... 6-14

Selecting the Display Unit in SA Mode .. ...... ...... ..... 6-14

Selecting the Phase Unit (NA, ZA Mode) .................. 6-14

Setting the Frequency Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15

Setting the Center Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15

Setting the Marker Position to Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15

Setting the Maximum Peak to Center .... ...... ...... .... 6-17

Change the Center Frequency by the Specied Step Size . . . . . . . . . . . 6-17

Example: Displaying Harmonics (SA Mode) ................ 6-18

Setting the Frequency Span ........................ 6-19

Narrowing the Span Setting (SA Mode) ................... 6-20

Setting the Frequency Range to Full Span . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the Sweep Parameters Using

4

Start

5

and

4

Stop

5

............

Zooming ToaPart of the Trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Change the Zooming Factor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Displaying a Zoomed Trace on the Other Channel ...... ......

Adjusting the Scale and Reference ......................

6-20

6-21

6-22

6-22

6-22

6-23

Automatically Adjusting the Scale and Reference (NA, ZA Mode) ...... 6-23

Manually Adjusting the Scale and Reference (NA, ZA Mode)

Setting the Reference (SA Mode) .....................

Using the Numeric Keys ...... ...... ...... ......

Using the Marker .. ...... ...... ...... ...... .

Changing the Scale per Division (SA Mode) ...... ...... ....

Setting the IF/Resolution/Video Bandwidth .. ...... ...... ....

Setting the IF Bandwidth (NA, ZA Mode) ...... ...... ..... .

Setting the IF Bandwidth to Auto Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

...... .. 6-23

6-24

6-24

6-24

6-25

6-26

6-26

6-26

Setting the Resolution Bandwidths (SA Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-27

Setting the Resolution Bandwidth to Auto Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-27

Setting the Video Bandwidth (SA Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-28

Resetting the Video Bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-28

7. Calibration

Calibration Required for the Network Analyzer Mode .............

To Select an Appropriate Calibration Method ................

Performing a Response Calibration .....................

Performing a Response & Isolation Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Performing an S11 1-Port Calibration ....................

Performing an S22 1-Port Calibration ....................

Performing a Full 2-Port Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Performing a 1-Path 2-Port Calibration ................... 7-8

Selecting the Calibration Kit ........................ 7-10

Customizing the User Dened Calibration Kit ...... ..... .....

Dening the Standard Denition .....................

Step 1: Preparation ...... ...... ...... ...... ..

Step 2: Opening the Dene Standard Menu ...............

Step 3: Entering C Parameters .....................

7-1

7-1

7-2

7-2

7-4

7-5

7-6

7-10

7-10

7-10

7-10

7-11

Contents-5

Step 4: Entering OFFSET Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-11

Step 5: Entering a Standard Class Label . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-11

Step 6: Completing the Denition of a Calibration Kit .......... 7-11

Dening a Class Assignment ....................... 7-12

Step 1: Preparing for the Class Assignment ............... 7-12

Step 2: Specifying the Standard Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-12

Step 3: Creating the Standard Class Label . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-13

Labeling and Saving Calibration Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-13

Verifying the Denition of the User-Dened Calibration Kit . . . . . . . . 7-13

Calibration Required for the Impedance Analyzer Mode .. ...... .... 7-14

OPEN/SHORT/LOAD Calibration ...................... 7-14

Calibration Procedure ........ ...... ...... ...... 7-14

Connecting the Test Fixture ........................ 7-15

Setting the Electrical Length of the Test Fixture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-17

Setting the User Dened Fixture ...................... 7-17

Performing Fixture Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-18

Selecting the Calibration Kit ........................ 7-19

Dening a Custom Fixture Compensation Kit .. ...... ...... .. 7-19

Step 1: Opening the Fixture Compensation Kit Modication Menu .... . 7-19

Step 2: Specifying Parameter Values ...... ...... ...... . 7-20

Step 3: Specifying the Standard Label ..................

8. Analyzing the Measurement Results

Interpreting the Trace ........ ...... ...... ...... ..

To Read a Value Using the Marker ...... ...... ...... ...

Improving the Readout Resolution (SA Mode) ...... ...... ...

To Select Marker Readout Unit (SA Nide) .................

To Use the Sub-markers ........ ...... ...... ......

To Use the1Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

To Search for a Point that has the Target Value (NA, SA Mode) ........ 8-5

To Search for the Peak-to-Peak of Ripples Using the Statistics Function .... 8-7

Step 1: To Specify the Search Range ...................

Step 2: To Search For the Ripple .....................

To Search for a Single Peak on the Trace ..................

To Search for Multiple Peaks ........................

To Dene the Peak for Search (To Ignore Unnecessary Peaks) . . . . . . . . . 8-10

Dening the Peak Slope to Ignore the Relatively Broad Peaks (NA, ZA Mode) 8-10

Entering Directly ........................... 8-10

Using the Marker .. ...... ...... ..... ...... .. 8-10

Dening Peak Height (SA Mode) .. ...... ...... ...... . 8-11

Specifying the Peak Threshold to Ignore the Absolutely Small P

eaks .... 8-11

Entering Directly ...........................

Using the Marker .. ...... ...... ..... ...... ..

To Specify the Search Range ........................

Using the Marker ............................

Using the 1Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

To Use the Trace Memory ...... ...... ...... ...... ..

To Store the Trace into the Trace Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

To Display Memory Traces ......................... 8-14

To Use the Trace Math Function .. ...... ..... ...... .... 8-15

To Turn O the Data Math Function ....................

To Multiply the Trace .. ...... ...... ...... ...... .

To Clear a Multiplied Trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

To Overlay Multiple Traces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

To Store the Trace into the Overlay Trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7-20

8-2

8-2

8-3

8-3

8-4

8-5

8-7

8-7

8-8

8-9

8-11

8-11

8-12

8-12

8-12

8-14

8-14

8-15

8-15

8-15

8-16

8-16

Contents-6

To Clear the Overlay Traces ........................ 8-16

To Print . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-17

To Print Out a Display Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-17

To See or Print a Measured Value List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-17

To Print an Analyzer Setting ........................ 8-17

To Save and Recall the Settings and Data ........ ...... ..... 8-19

To Save an Analyzer Setting or Measurement Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-19

Specifying the Data Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-20

Specifying a Data Array Type ...................... 8-20

To Recall a Saved Analyzer Setting ..................... 8-20

To Save a Display Image to a TIFF File ................... 8-21

To Save Measured Data for a Spreadsheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-21

To Copy a File between Floppy Disk and Memory Disk . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-22

To Initialize a Disk for Use .......... ...... ...... ... 8-22

To Initialize the Memory Disk for Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-23

To Back Up the Memory Disk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-23

Typical Network Measurement Techniques .. ...... ...... .... 8-24

Measuring 3 dB Bandwidth Using the Width Function ............ 8-25

Measuring Electrical Length ........ ...... ...... .... 8-26

Setting the Velocity Factor of a Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-27

Measuring Phase Deviation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Deviation from the Linear Phase .......... ...... .....

Group Delay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the Group Delay Aperture ...................

Compensating for the Electrical Delay Caused by an Extension Cable . . . . .

If the Electrical Delay of the Extension Cable is Known

...... ....

If the Electrical Delay of the Extension Cable is Unknown . . . . . . . . .

Measuring the Electrical Length of a Cable ...............

Reection of a Opened or Shorted Cable ................

Typical Spectrum Measurement Techniques ..................

Measuring the Noise Level .... ...... ...... ...... ...

Converting to a Dierent Unit of Equivalent Noise Bandwidth

...... . 8-34

Measuring the Carrier to Noise Ratio ...... ...... ...... ..

Time Gated Spectrum Analysis .......................

Gate Trigger Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8-28

8-28

8-28

8-29

8-30

8-30

8-31

8-31

8-31

8-33

8-34

8-36

8-37

8-37

Edge Mode .............................. 8-37

Level Mode .............................. 8-38

RBW Filter Response Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-39

Performing Time Gated Spectrum Analysis ................ 8-40

Step 1: Determining the Gate Trigger Parameters ...... ...... 8-40

Step 2: Connecting the Gate Trigger Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Step 3: Setting the Center and Span Frequency .............

Step 4: Adjusting the Gate Trigger .......... ...... ...

8-42

8-42

8-42

Setting the RBW/VBW and Using the Averaging Function . . . . . . . . . . 8-43

Setting the Resolution Bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the Video Bandwidth (VBW) ..................

Measuring the Spectrum .. ...... ...... ...... ....

Measuring Zero Span . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8-43

8-44

8-45

8-46

Reading Transition Time Using the Marker ................ 8-47

Tracking Unstable Harmonics Using the Search Track Function . . . . . . . . 8-49

Typical Impedance Measurement Techniques .... ...... ...... .

Applying DC Bias .. ...... ...... ...... ..... ....

Setting the Upper Limit for DC Bias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting up and Applying Output Voltage/Current . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Equivalent Circuit Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8-50

8-50

8-51

8-51

8-52

Contents-7

Menus Associated with Equivalent Circuit Analysis ............ 8-52

Equivalent Circuit Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-52

Select Equivalent Circuit Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-53

Dene Equivalent Circuit Parameter Menu ............... 8-53

Using the Equivalent Circuit Analysis Function ...... ...... .. 8-55

Calculating Approximate Values of Equivalent Circuit Constants ..... 8-55

Simulating a Trace from the Equivalent Circuit Parameters . . . . . . . . 8-55

Determining Q Value Using the Width Search Function . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-56

Widths Menu ............................... 8-56

Width Value Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-56

Using the Anti-Resonance Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-57

Using the Resonance Point .. ...... ...... ..... ..... 8-57

Using the Admittance Chart ....................... 8-57

Port Extension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-58

9. Advanced Techniques for Optimizing Measurements

Reducing Sweep Time (Using List Sweep) ................... 9-2

Planning the sweep list .. ...... ...... ...... ...... 9-2

Editing a Sweep List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3

To Modify or Delete the Segment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-4

Executing the List Sweep .. ...... ...... ...... .....

Improving Dynamic Range (NA Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Adjusting the IF Bandwidth .... ...... ...... ..... ...

Using List Sweep .. ...... ...... ...... ...... ...

Performing GO/NO-GO Test of a Filter (using limit line) . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Planning the Limit Lime ..........................

Editing a Limit Line Table .........................

To Modify or Delete the Segment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Executing a Limit Line Test ........................

To Make a Limit Line Test Active .....................

To Beep When the Limit Test is Failed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

To Oset the Limit Line ..........................

Stabilizing the Trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

To Stop the Sweep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

To Use the Averaging Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

To Use Maximum or Minimum Hold Function ................ 9-13

To Capture an Unstable Signal Using Signal Track .............. 9-14

9-5

9-6

9-6

9-7

9-8

9-9

9-9

9-10

9-10

9-10

9-11

9-12

9-13

9-13

9-13

10. Examples of Applications

Measuring Transmission Characteristics of a Filter (NA Mode) ......... 10-2

Measurement Setup ............................

Connection ...............................

Analyzer Settings .. ...... ...... ...... ...... ..

Performing Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Measurement ..............................

Read Out Insertion Loss Using the Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6 dB Bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ripple . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Measuring Phase Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-5

Using the Expanded Phase Mode .... ...... ..... ...... . 10-6

Reection Measurement (NA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Measurement Setup ............................

Connection ...............................

Analyzer Settings .. ...... ...... ...... ...... ..

Performing Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Contents-8

10-2

10-2

10-2

10-3

10-3

10-3

10-3

10-4

10-7

10-8

10-8

10-8

10-8

Measurement .............................. 10-9

Return Loss and Reection Coecient ................... 10-9

Standing Wave Ratio (SWR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-10

S-Parameters Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-11

Data Readout Using the Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-11

Impedance Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-12

Admittance Measurement .. ...... ...... ...... ..... 10-13

Gain Compression Measurement (NA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-14

Measurement Setup ............................ 10-14

Connection ............................... 10-14

Analyzer Settings ............................ 10-15

Performing Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-15

Measurement .............................. 10-15

Absolute Output Level Measurement .................... 10-16

AM Signal Measurement (SA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-18

Test Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-18

Measurement Setup ............................ 10-18

Connection ............................... 10-18

Analyzer Settings ............................ 10-18

Carrier Amplitude and Frequency Measurement Using the Marker ...... 10-18

Modulating Frequency and Modulation Index Measurement Using 1Marker

FM Signal Measurement (SA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Test Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Measurement Setup ............................

Connection ...............................

Analyzer Settings ............................

Frequency Deviation of Wide Band FM Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Frequency Deviation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Carrier Level and Modulating Frequency ...... ...... .....

Evaluation of a Chip Capacitor (ZA Mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Measurement Setup ............................

Connection ...............................

Analyzer Settings ............................

Calibration ...............................

Connecting the Test Fixture .......................

.. 10-19

10-21

10-21

10-21

10-21

10-21

10-21

10-21

10-22

10-24

10-24

10-24

10-24

10-25

10-25

Setting the Electrical Length of the Test Fixture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-26

Fixture Compensation ...... ...... ...... ...... .. 10-26

Capacitance and Dissipation Factor under Swept Frequency .... ..... 10-27

Setting Measurement Parameters ..................... 10-27

Measurement .............................. 10-27

jZj

and(Phase) under Swept Frequency ...... ...... ......

Equivalent Circuit Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Evaluation of a Crystal Resonator (ZA Mode) .. ...... ...... ...

Measurement Setup ............................

Connection ...............................

Analyzer Settings ............................

Calibration ...............................

Connecting the Test Fixture .......................

10-28

10-29

10-31

10-31

10-31

10-31

10-31

10-31

Setting the Electrical Length of the Test Fixture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-31

Fixture Compensation ...... ...... ...... ...... .. 10-32

Setting Measurement Parameters .....................

Measurement ..............................

10-32

10-32

Readout of Resonance Frequency (Fr) and Crystal Impedance (CI) ...... 10-33

Equivalent Circuit Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Admittance Chart .............................

10-33

10-35

Contents-9

Using the Marker .. ...... ...... ..... ...... .... 10-35

Evaluation of a Varactor Diode - DC Bias Sweep Using List Sweep Function (ZA

Mode) .................................. 10-36

Measurement Setup ............................ 10-36

Connection ............................... 10-36

Analyzer Settings .. ...... ...... ...... ...... .. 10-36

Dening the Sweep List ......................... 10-36

Calibration .. ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... 10-37

Connecting the Test Fixture ....................... 10-38

Setting the Electrical Length of the Test Fixture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-38

Fixture Compensation ........ ...... ..... ...... . 10-38

Measuring Capacitance under DC Bias Conditions .............. 10-38

11. Specications and Supplemental Characteristics

Network Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1

Source Characteristics .......... ...... ...... ..... 11-1

Frequency Characteristics ........................ 11-1

Output Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1

Receiver Characteristics .. ...... ...... ...... ...... 11-3

Input Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-3

Magnitude Characteristics ........................

Phase Characteristics ..........................

Group Delay Characteristics ........................

Sweep Characteristics ...........................

Measurement Throughput1...... ...... ...... ...... .

Spectrum Measurement ...........................

Frequency Characteristics .. ...... ...... ...... .....

Amplitude Characteristics .........................

Sweep Characteristics ...........................

Input Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Specications when Option 1D6 Time-Gated spectrum analysis is installed . . .

Specications when Option 1D7 50 to 75 Input Impedance Conversion is

installed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

HP 4395A Option 010 Impedance Measurement ................

Measurement Functions ..........................

Display Formats ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... 11-14

Sweep Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-14

IF Bandwidth .......... ...... ...... ...... ... 11-14

Calibration ................................ 11-14

Measurement Port Type .......................... 11-14

Output Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Measurement Basic Accuracy (Supplemental Performance Characteristics) . . . . 11-16

jZj-

Accuracy .. ...... ...... ...... ...... ....

jYj-

Accuracy ..............................

R-XAccuracy (Depends on D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

G-BAccuracy (Depends on D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DAccuracy ................................

LAccuracy (Depends on D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

CAccuracy (Depends on D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-19

Common to Network/Spectrum/Impedance Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-20

Display ..................................

Marker ..................................

Hard copy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Storage ..................................

HP-IB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11-4

11-5

11-6

11-6

11-6

11-7

11-7

11-8

11-12

11-12

11-13

11-13

11-14

11-14

11-14

11-17

11-18

11-18

11-18

11-19

11-19

11-20

11-20

11-20

11-20

11-20

Contents-10

Printer parallel port ............................ 11-21

Option 001 DC Voltage/Current Source ................... 11-21

Probe Power .. ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... 11-21

Specications When HP Instrument BASIC Is Operated . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-21

General Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-24

Input and Output Characteristics ...... ...... ...... ... 11-24

Internal Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-25

Operation Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-25

Non-operation Conditions .. ...... ...... ...... ..... 11-26

Others .. ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... .. 11-26

Furnished Accessories ............................ 11-28

System Performance at Network Measurement ................ 11-29

Typical System Performance ......................... 11-29

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-29

Comparison of Typical Error-Corrected Measurement Uncertainty ...... 11-29

Reection Uncertainty of a One-Port Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-30

Reection Uncertainty of a Two-Port Device ................ 11-31

Transmission Uncertainty of a Low-Loss Device ........ ...... . 11-32

Transmission Uncertainty of a Wide Dynamic Range Device ......... 11-33

Types of Residual Measurement Errors .... ...... ...... .... 11-34

Residual Systematic Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Residual Random Errors ...... ...... ...... ...... ..

Residual Drift Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

System Error Model .. ...... ...... ...... ...... ...

Reection Uncertainty Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total Reection Magnitude Uncertainty (E

Total Reection Phase Uncertainty (E

rp

) ........ ...... ..

rm

)...................

Transmission Uncertainty Equations .....................

Total Transmission Magnitude Uncertainty (E

Total Transmission Phase Uncertainty (E

tp

)...............

tm

) .................

Dynamic Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Magnitude Dynamic Accuracy .. ...... ...... ...... ...

11-34

11-34

11-34

11-35

11-36

11-36

11-36

11-37

11-37

11-37

11-38

11-38

Determining Relative Magnitude Dynamic Accuracy Error Contribution . . . . 11-38

Phase Dynamic Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11-39

Determining Relative Phase Dynamic Accuracy Error Contribution .. .... 11-39

Dynamic Accuracy Error Contribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-40

Dynamic Accuracy Error Contribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-41

Dynamic Accuracy Error Contribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-42

Eects of Temperature Drift ......................... 11-43

Temperature Drift with S11One-Port Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-44

Temperature Drift with Full Two-Port Calibration ..............

11-45

System performance with Dierent Test Sets and Connector Types .. ..... 11-46

Determining Expected System performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Procedures ........ ...... ...... ..... ...... .

11-53

11-53

12. Accessories and Options

Options Available ..............................

DC SOURCE (Option 001) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

High Stability Frequency Reference (Option 1D5) .... ...... .... 12-1

Time-Gated Spectrum Analyzer (Option 1D6) ................ 12-1

50 to 75  Input Impedance Conversion (Option 1D7)

...... ......

Impedance Measurement Function (Option 010) ...............

Handle Kit (Option 1CN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rack Mount Kit (Option 1CM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rack Mount and Handle Kit (Option 1CP) ..................

12-1

12-1

12-1

12-1

12-1

12-1

12-1

Contents-11

Measurement accessories available ...................... 12-2

Test Sets ................................. 12-2

HP 87511A/B S Parameter Test Set .................... 12-2

HP 87512A/B Transmission/Reection TestSet........ ...... . 12-2

Active Probes ............................... 12-2

HP 41800A Active Probe (5 Hz to 500 MHz) .......... ...... 12-2

HP 41802A 1 M Input Adapter (5 Hz to 100 MHz) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-2

HP 1141A Dierential Probe .......... ...... ...... . 12-2

Power Splitters .............................. 12-2

HP 11850C,D Three-way Power Splitters .. ...... ...... ... 12-2

HP 11667A Power Splitter ...... ...... ...... ..... . 12-2

Calibration Kits .............................. 12-3

Cables .................................. 12-3

HP 11857D 7 mm Test Port Return Cable Set ............... 12-3

HP 11857B 75  Type-N Test Port Return Cable Set .. ...... .... 12-3

HP 11851B 50  Type-N RF Cable Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-3

BNC Cables ............................... 12-3

Adapters ................................. 12-3

HP 11852B 50  to 75  Minimum Loss Pad (DC to 2 GHz) ...... ... 12-3

Adapter Kits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-3

System accessories available .........................

Printer ..................................

HP-IB cable ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..

External Monitors .............................

12-5

12-5

12-5

12-5

A. Basic Measurement Theory

System Overview ..............................

Data Processing ...............................

Overview .................................

Data Processing for Network Measurement .... ...... ...... .

Digital Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ratio Calculations ............................

Frequency Characteristics Correction by Corrective Data Arrays .... .. A-5

Averaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Raw Data Arrays ............................

Calibration Coecient Arrays ...... ...... ...... .... A-5

Data Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-5

Memory Arrays ............................. A-5

Electrical Delay and Phase Oset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-5

Conversion .. ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... A-5

Format .................................

Data Hold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Data Math . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Data Trace Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Memory Trace Arrays .... ...... ...... ...... ....

Scaling .................................

Data Processing for Spectrum Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Decimation Windowing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fast Fourier Transform (

fft

) .... ...... ...... ...... . A-7

Absolute Squared (ABS2)......................... A-8

Video Averaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Detection . . . . . . . . . . . .. ...... ...... ...... .

Attenuator Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Averaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Frequency Characteristics Level Correction ........ ...... ..

A-2

A-3

A-3

A-3

A-4

A-4

A-5

A-5

A-6

A-6

A-6

A-6

A-6

A-6

A-7

A-7

A-8

A-8

A-8

A-8

A-8

Contents-12

Raw Data Arrays ............................ A-8

Memory Arrays ............................. A-8

Format/Unit conversion ......................... A-8

Data Hold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-8

Data Math . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-8

Data Trace Array ...... ...... ...... ..... ..... A-9

Memory Trace Array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-9

Scaling ................................. A-9

Data Processing for Impedance Measurement ........ ...... .. A-10

Digital Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-10

Voltage/Current Ratio .......................... A-10

I-V to Reection Coecient Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-11

Calibration Coecient Arrays/Calibration ................. A-11

Averaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-11

Raw Data Arrays ............................ A-11

Fixture Compensation Coecient Arrays/Fixture Compensation ...... A-11

Data Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-11

Memory Arrays ............................. A-11

Conversion ............................... A-11

Format ................................. A-11

Data Hold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Data Math . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Data Trace Array ...... ...... ...... ..... .....

Memory Trace Array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Scaling .................................

Network Measurement Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

S-parameters ........ ...... ...... ...... .....

Conversion Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Smith Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Polar Chart ........ ...... ...... ...... ..... .

Electrical Delay .. ...... ...... ...... ...... ....

Averaging (Sweep Averaging) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

IF Band Reduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Group Delay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Spectrum Measurement Basics ........................

A-11

A-12

A-12

A-12

A-12

A-13

A-13

A-14

A-15

A-15

A-15

A-16

A-16

A-16

A-19

Detection Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-19

Positive and Negative Peak Modes .................... A-19

Sample Mode .............................. A-19

Swept Spectrum Analyzers versus FFT Analyzers .... ...... .... A-19

Selectivity of the RBW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-21

Noise measurement ........ ...... ...... ...... ..

Noise Format and Marker Noise Form.... ...... ...... ...

Sample Detection Mode for Noise Measurement ..............

VBW for Noise Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Impedance Measurement Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

I-V Measurement Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Basic Concept of I-V Method .......... ...... ..... ...

A-22

A-22

A-22

A-22

A-23

A-23

A-23

How This Is Dierent From Impedance Conversion in the Network Analyzer

Mode ................................. A-23

Impedance Measurement Scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-25

Measurement Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Test Signal Level at DUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Measurement Points and Display Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Channel Coupling ..............................

Limit Line Concept ...... ...... ...... ...... .....

A-25

A-25

A-27

A-28

A-29

Contents-13

How Limit Lines are Entered . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-29

Turning ON/OFF Limit Line/Limit Test ................... A-30

Segments Entering Order Needs Notice ................... A-30

Saving the Limit Line Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-31

Osetting the Sweep Parameter or Amplitude of the Limit Lines .... ... A-31

Supported Display Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-31

Use a Sucient Number of Points or Errors May Occur . . . . . . . . . . . . A-31

Displaying, Printing, or Plotting Limit Test Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-31

Results of Plotting or Printing the Display with Limit Lines ON . . . . . . . . A-31

Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-32

Three Types of Markers ........ ...... ...... ...... A-32

Marker Value ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... .. A-32

Marker Time Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-32

Continuous/Discrete Mode .. ...... ...... ...... ..... A-32

Marker on the Data Trace or on the Memory Trace ............. A-32

1Mode .................................. A-33

Marker Search Function .... ...... ...... ...... .... A-33

Width Function .............................. A-33

Peak Denition .............................. A-35

Peak Denition for Network Analyzer Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-35

Peak Denition for Spectrum Analyzer Mode ...............

HP-IB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

How HP-IB Works .... ...... ...... ...... ...... .

Talker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Listener . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

HP-IB Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

HP-IB Capabilities of the HP 4395A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Bus Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting Addresses .............................

Calibration for Network Measurement ....................

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Accuracy Enhancement ..........................

Sources of Measurement Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Directivity ................................

A-36

A-37

A-37

A-37

A-37

A-37

A-38

A-38

A-39

A-39

A-40

A-40

A-40

A-40

A-41

Source Match .... ...... ...... ...... ...... ... A-42

Load Match ................................ A-43

Isolation (Crosstalk) ............................ A-43

Frequency Response (Tracking) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-44

Compensation for Measurement Errors ...... ...... ..... .. A-44

Modifying Calibration Kits .... ...... ...... ...... ...

Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Dening the Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Standard Types .............................

Oset and Delay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Specifying the Standard Class ......................

A-45

A-45

A-45

A-46

A-47

A-47

Accuracy Enhancement Fundamentals-Characterizing Systematic Errors ... A-49

One-Port Error Model ..........................

A-49

Measuring reection coecient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-49

Directivity Error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-49

Source match error ..........................

Frequency response error ...... ...... ...... .....

How calibration standards are used to quantify these error terms . . . . .

Two-Port Error Model ..........................

Measuring Transmission Coecient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A-50

A-50

A-51

A-54

A-54

Contents-14

Load Match Error ........................... A-54

Isolation Errors ............................ A-55

Error Terms the HP 4395A Can Reduce .......... ...... . A-55

Saving and Recalling Instrument States and Data ............... A-58

Storage Devices ............................... A-58

Disk Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-58

Disk Formats ............................... A-58

Memory Disk Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-58

Copy Files Between the Memory Disk and the Flexible Disk ......... A-59

File Types And Data Saved . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-59

Binary Files and ASCII Files .... ...... ...... ...... .. A-59

Data Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-59

Instrument States and Internal Data Arrays (STATE).. ...... .... A-59

Internal Data Arrays (DATA ONLY) .................... A-59

Graphics image (GRAPHICS) ....................... A-60

File Type and Data Group Combinations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-60

File Names .... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... A-61

Auto Recall Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-61

File Structure .... ...... ...... ...... ...... .... A-62

File Structure of Internal Data Arrays File for Binary Files . . . . . . . . . . A-62

File Header ...............................

Data Group ...............................

File Structure of Internal Data Arrays File for ASCII File . . . . . . . . . . .

Status Block and Data Block .......................

File Structure for Single Channel and Dual Channel .... ...... ..

Data Array Names for the Spectrum Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Data Array Names for the Network Analyzer ...... ...... ...

Data Groups of the Spectrum Analyzer .... ...... ...... ..

Data Groups of the Network Analyzer ..................

Save Data Format ..............................

CAL Data Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A-62

A-62

A-66

A-66

A-68

A-68

A-69

A-69

A-69

A-71

A-71

B. Softkey Reference

4

Chan 154Chan 254Meas

4

5

Format

4

Display

4

Scale Ref

4

Bw/Avg

4

Cal

4

Sweep

4

Source

4

Trigger

4

Center54Span54Start

4

Marker

4

Search

4

Utility

4

System

4

Local54Preset

4

Copy

4

Save

4

Recall

...................................

5

................................... B-7

5

.................................. B-11

5

................................... B-14

5

..................................... B-16

5

.................................... B-29

5

...................................

5

...................................

54

54

Marker

5

5

....................................

5

5

.................................... B-48

5

.................................... B-52

5

....................................

5

...............................

!

...................................

...................................

5

.................................

5

.............................

5

Stop

...........................

B-2

B-5

B-32

B-34

B-35

B-36

B-39

B-42

B-44

B-47

B-54

Contents-15

C. Input Range and Default Settings

Active Channel Block ............................ C-1

4

5

and

4

5

Chan 1

Chan 2

............................. C-1

Measurement Block ............................. C-2

4

5

Meas

4

Format

4

Display

4

Scale Ref

4

Bw/Avg

4

Cal

...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... C-2

5

.................................. C-2

5

.................................. C-3

5

...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ... C-5

5

.................................. C-13

5

.................................... C-13

Sweep Block .... ...... ...... ...... ...... .... C-14

4

5

Sweep

4

Source

4

Trigger

4

Center

4

Span

4

Start

...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... C-14

5

.................................. C-15

5

.................................. C-16

5

...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... C-16

5

...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... C-16

5&4

Stop

5

............................... C-17

Marker Block ................................ C-17

4

5

Marker

4

Marker

4

Search

4

Utility

.................................. C-17

5

...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ... C-18

!

5

..................................

5

...... ...... ...... ...... ...... .....

Instrument State Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4

5

System

4

Copy

4

Save

4

Local

..................................

5

...... ...... ...... ...... ...... .....

5

...... ...... ...... ...... ...... .....

5

...... ...... ...... ...... ...... .....

Results of Power Loss to Battery Backup Memory (Factory Setting) . . . . . . .

Predened Calibration Kits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Predened Standard Class Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

C-18

C-19

C-20

C-20

C-20

C-21

C-21

C-21

C-22

C-24

D. Manual Changes

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Manual Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Serial Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Messages

Error Messages in Alphabetical Order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Messages-1

Error Messages in Numerical Order .. ...... ..... ...... ...Messages-15

Index

D-1

D-1

D-2

Contents-16

Figures

2-1. Power Cable Supplied ........................... 2-6

2-2. Rack Mount Kits Installation ........................ 2-8

2-3. Connecting a Transmission/Reection TestSet................ 2-10

2-4. Connecting an S-parameter TestSet..................... 2-11

2-5. Spectrum Analyzer Mode (One Active Probe) ................ 2-12

2-6. Network Analyzer Mode (One Active Probe) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13

2-7. Network Analyzer Mode (Two Active Probes) ................ 2-14

2-8. Using a Transmission/Reection TestSet................... 2-15

2-9. Connecting the Impedance TestKit ..................... 2-16

2-10. Connecting Test Fixture .......................... 2-17

2-11. Connecting a Keyboard .. ...... ...... ..... ...... . 2-18

3-1. Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-2. Transmission/Reection Test Set Setup ...................

3-3. S-Parameter Test Set Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-4. Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-5. Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-6. Connecting the Impedance TestKit .....................

3-7. Connecting the test xture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-1. Front Panel Layout ............................

4-2. Screen Display (Single Channel, Cartesian Format) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-3. Rear panel ................................

5-1. Connecting DUT for Directional Transmission Characteristic Measurement . . .

5-2. Connecting DUT for Directional Transmission and Reection Characteristics

Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-3. Connecting DUT for Bi-directional Transmission and Reection Characteristics

(Four S Parameters) Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-4. Connecting DUT for Transmission Characteristic Measurement When the Output

Signal is in a Circuit .......................... 5-3

5-5. Connecting DUT for Transmission and Reection Characteristics Measurement

When the Output Signal is in a Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4

5-6. Connecting DUT for Transmission Characteristic Measurement When the Input

and Output Signals are in a Circuit ...................

5-7. Connecting DUT When Directly Measuring the Signal ............

5-8. Connecting DUT When Measuring the Signal in a Circuit . . . . . . . . . . .

5-9. Connecting the Impedance TestKit .....................

6-1. Dual Channel Display ...... ...... ...... ...... ...

6-2. Location of EXT TRIGGER Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6-3. Smith Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6-4. Expanded Phase Format .... ...... ...... ...... ....

6-5. Marker Readout of Complex Plane ........ ...... ...... . 6-13

6-6. Marker to Center ............................. 6-16

6-7. Peak to Center .............................. 6-17

6-8. Displaying Harmonics ...........................

6-9. Narrowing Span with Signal Track .....................

6-10. Setting the Sweep Parameters .......................

6-11. Zooming the Trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-2

3-3

3-4

3-16

3-32

3-33

3-45

4-1

4-6

4-11

5-1

5-2

5-3

5-5

5-6

5-7

5-8

6-3

6-5

6-11

6-12

6-18

6-20

6-21

6-22

Contents-17

6-12. Autoscale Function ........ ...... ...... ..... ... 6-23

6-13. Marker to Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-24

6-14. Changing Scale/Div. ............................ 6-25

6-15. Setting IF Bandwidth (IFBW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-26

6-16. Setting Resolution Bandwidth (RBW) .................... 6-27

6-17. Setting Video Bandwidth (VBW) ...................... 6-28

7-1. Connecting Calibration Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-15

7-2. Connecting Test Fixture ........ ...... ...... ...... 7-16

7-3. Model of Fixture Compensation Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-19

8-1. Marker Readout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2

8-2. Sub-marker and Maker List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4

8-3.1Marker ................................. 8-5

8-4. Ripple Parameters Readout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-7

8-5. Peak Search . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-8

8-6. Searching for Multiple Peaks ........................ 8-9

8-7. Peak Denition .............................. 8-10

8-8. Threshold Function ............................ 8-11

8-9. Search Range ............................... 8-13

8-10. Reading Saved Data from Spreadsheet Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-21

8-11. Bandwidth Measurement Using Width Function ............ ... 8-25

8-12. Measuring Electrical Length ........................

8-13. Deviation from the Linear Phase ......................

8-14. Setting Group Delay Aperture .. ...... ...... ..... ....

8-15. Port Extension With the T/R Test Set ........ ...... ......

8-16. Cable Measurement Conguration (Transmission) ..............

8-17. Cable Measurement Conguration (Reection) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8-18. Noise Readout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8-19. C/N Measurement .............................

8-20. Edge Mode ................................

8-21. Level Mode ................................

8-22. Time Domain Measurement Conguration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8-23. Target and Trigger Signal Timing on the Oscilloscope . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8-24. Gate Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8-25. Time Gated Measurement Conguration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8-26. Time Gated Spectrum Analysis .......................

8-26

8-28

8-29

8-30

8-31

8-32

8-34

8-36

8-37

8-38

8-40

8-41

8-41

8-42

8-45

8-27. Marker Time ............................... 8-48

8-28. Tracking Unstable Harmonics Using Search Track ........ ..... . 8-49

8-29. Connecting DC SOURCE to Impedance test kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-50

8-30. Q Measurement Examples ...... ...... ...... ...... . 8-57

9-1. Reducing Sweep Time by Optimizing the Number of Display Points ...... 9-2

9-2. List Sweep Editor .............................

9-3. Sweep List Edit Display ........ ...... ...... ......

9-4. Setting IF Bandwidth (IFBW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-5. Dynamic Range Enhancement .......................

9-6. Limit Line Image .............................

9-7. Frequency, Upper and Lower Limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-8. Limit Line Editor .. ...... ...... ..... ...... ....

9-9. Limit Line Test ..............................

9-3

9-4

9-6

9-7

9-8

9-8

9-9

9-11

9-10. Osetting Limit Lines ...... ...... ...... ...... ... 9-12

9-11. Maximum Holding the Drifting Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-14

9-12. Display When Starting Signal Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-13. Display After Signal Has Drifted ........ ...... ...... ..

10-1. Transmission Measurement Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-2. Response of a SAW Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-3. Using the Marker to Determine 6 dB Bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-15

9-15

10-2

10-3

10-4

Contents-18

10-4. Using Peak Search to Determine Ripple ................... 10-5

10-5. Amplitude and Phase Response of a SAW Filter ............... 10-6

10-6. Expanded Phase Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-6

10-7. Reection Measurement .......................... 10-7

10-8. Reection Measurement Setup ....................... 10-8

10-9. Return Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-9

10-10. SWR ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... 10-10

10-11. S11on Polar Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-11

10-12. Impedance Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-12

10-13. Admittance Measurement ...... ...... ...... ...... . 10-13

10-14. Gain Compression Measurement Setup ................... 10-14

10-15. Gain Compression ............................. 10-16

10-16. Input vs. Output Power Level at the01 dB Gain Compression Point ..... 10-17

10-17. Carrier Amplitude and Frequency of AM Signal ............... 10-19

10-18. Modulating Frequency of AM Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-19

10-19. Wide Band FM Signal Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-22

10-20. Zooming Carrier Signal of FM Signal .................... 10-23

10-21. Connecting the Impedance TestKit ..................... 10-24

10-22. Connecting the Test Fixture .. ...... ...... ...... .... 10-26

10-23. Csand D Characteristics of a Chip Capacitor under Swept Frequency . . . . . 10-28

10-24.jZjandCharacteristics of a Chip Capacitor under Swept Frequency ..... 10-29

10-25. Equivalent Circuit Parameters .... ...... ...... ...... .

10-29

10-26. Simulation of Frequency-based Characteristics Using Resulting Equivalent Circuit

Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-27. Frequency-based Characteristics of a Crystal Resonator ...........

10-28. Readout of the Frand CI Values of a Crystal Resonator . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-29. Equivalent Circuit Parameters .... ...... ...... ...... .

10-30

10-32

10-33

10-34

10-30. Simulation of Frequency-based Characteristics Using Resulting Equivalent Circuit

Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-31. Admittance Chart for a Crystal Resonator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-32. Characteristics of a Varactor Diode under DC Bias Sweep ........ ..

11-1. Magnitude Dynamic Accuracy .... ...... ...... ...... .

11-2. Phase Dynamic Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11-3. Noise Sidebands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11-4. Typical Displayed Average Noise Level ...... ...... ..... ..

10-34

10-35

10-38

11-4

11-5

11-8

11-9

11-5. Typical On-screen Dynamic Range (Center: 50 MHz) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-10

11-6. Typical Dynamic Range at Inputs R, A, and B ................ 11-11

11-7. Impedance Measurement Accuracy ..................... 11-17

11-8. 8 bit I/O Port Pin Assignments ....................... 11-22

11-9. 24-bit I/O Interface Pin Assignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-22

11-10. Trigger Signal (External trigger input) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11-11. S-Parameter Test Set Interface Pin Assignments .... ...... .....

11-12. Front View .... ...... ...... ...... ..... .....

11-13. Rear View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11-14. Side View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11-24

11-25

11-26

11-27

11-27

11-15. Total Reection Magnitude Uncertainty of One-Port Device . . . . . . . . . . 11-30

11-16. Total Reection Phase Uncertainty of One-Port Device . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-30

11-17. Total Reections Magnitude Uncertainty of Two-Port Device .... ..... 11-31

11-18. Total Reection Phase Uncertainty of Two-Port Device . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-31

11-19. Total Transmission Magnitude Uncertainty of a Low-Loss Device ....... 11-32

11-20. Total Transmission Phase Uncertainty of a Low-Loss Device

...... ...

11-21. Total Transmission Magnitude Uncertainty of a Wide Dynamic Range Device

11-22. Total Transmission Phase Uncertainty of a Wide Dynamic Range Device . . . .

11-32

. 11-33

11-33

11-23. HP 4395A/85046A System Error Model ................... 11-35

Contents-19

11-24. Typical Magnitude Dynamic Accuracy Error

(@Reference Power Level=Full Scale) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-40

11-25. Typical Phase Dynamic Accuracy Error

(@Reference Power Level=Full Scale) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-40

11-26. Typical Magnitude Dynamic Accuracy Error

(@Reference Power Level=020 dB from Full Scale) .. ...... ... 11-41

11-27. Typical Phase Dynamic Accuracy Error

(@Reference Power Level=020 dB from Full Scale) .. ...... ... 11-41

11-28. Typical Magnitude Dynamic Accuracy Error

(@Reference Power Level=060 dB from Full Scale) .. ...... ... 11-42

11-29. Typical Phase Dynamic Accuracy Error

(@Reference Power Level=060 dB from Full Scale) .. ...... ... 11-42

11-30. Total Reection Magnitude Uncertainty (@One-Port Cal) ........... 11-44

11-31. Total Refection Phase Uncertainty (@One-Port Cal) ............. 11-44

11-32. Total Transmission Magnitude Uncertainty (@Full Two-Port Cal) ....... 11-45

11-33. Total Transmission Phase Uncertainty (@Full Two-Port Cal) . . . . . . . . . . 11-45

A-1. Schematic block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2

A-2. Data Processing for Network Measurement .... ...... ...... . A-4

A-3. Data Processing for Spectrum Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-7

A-4. Data Processing for Impedance Measurement ...... ...... .... A-10

A-5. S-Parameters of a Two-Port Device .......... ...... .....

A-6. Reection Impedance and Admittance Conversions .............

A-7. Transmission Impedance and Admittance Conversions ............

A-8. Constant Group Delay ...........................

A-9. Higher Order Phase Shift . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A-10. Rate of Phase Change Versus Frequency ..................

A-11. Variations in Frequency Aperture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A-12. Swept Spectrum Analyzers versus Step FFT Analyzers . . . . . . . . . . . .

A-13. Resolving Small Adjacent Signal .. ...... ...... ...... ..

A-14. I-V Measurement Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A-15. Impedance Test Kit Block Diagram ...... ...... ...... ...

A-16. Test Signal Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A-17. Measurement Points and Display Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A-18. The Concept of Segments as a Point between Two Sets of Limit Lines . . . . .

A-19. Bandwidth Search Example ........................

A-13

A-14

A-14

A-17

A-17

A-18

A-18

A-20

A-21

A-23

A-25

A-25

A-27

A-29

A-34

A-20. Peak Denition for Network Analyzer Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-35

A-21. Peak Denition for Spectrum Analyzer Mode .. ...... ...... .. A-36

A-22. Analyzer Single Bus Concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-39

A-23. Directivity ................................ A-41

A-24. Source Match .... ...... ...... ...... ...... ... A-42

A-25. Load Match ................................

A-26. Sources of Error in a Reection Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A-27. Reection Coecient ...........................

A-28. Eective Directivity EDF...... ...... ...... ...... ..

A-29. Source Match E

A-30. Reection Tracking E

...... ...... ...... ...... .....

SF

..........................

RF

A-31. \Perfect Load" Termination ........................

A-32. Measured Eective Directivity .......................

A-43

A-49

A-49

A-50

A-50

A-51

A-51

A-52

A-33. Short Circuit Termination ......................... A-52

A-34. Open Circuit Termination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-53

A-35. Measured S

...............................

11

A-36. Major Sources of Error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A-37. Transmission Coecient ........ ...... ...... ......

A-38. Load Match E

A-39. Isolation E

XF

..............................

LF

...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ..

A-53

A-54

A-54

A-55

A-55

Contents-20

A-40. Full Two-Port Error Model .......... ...... ...... ... A-56

A-41. File Header Structure ...... ...... ...... ...... ... A-62

A-42. RAW Data Group Structure for the Network Analyzer ............ A-63

A-43. RAW Data Group Structure for the Spectrum Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . A-63

A-44. CAL Data Group Structure for the Network Analyzer .... ...... .. A-64

A-45. CAL Data Group Structure for the Spectrum Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . A-64

A-46.

A-47. CAL Data Group Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-71

DATA,MEMORY,DATA TRACE

D-1. Serial Number Plate ............ ...... ...... .... D-2

and

MEMORY TRACE

Data Group Structure . . A-65

Contents-21

Tables

2-1. Contents ................................. 2-3

2-2. Fuse Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4

2-3. Rack Mount Kits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8

7-1. Calibration Method Selection Table .... ...... ...... ..... 7-2

7-2. Example of the Standard Denitions (HP 85032B 50 Type-N Calibration Kit) . 7-10

7-3. Example: Standard Class Assignment of the HP 85032B ...... ..... 7-12

8-1. Allowable RWB Settings and Minimum Gate Length ............. 8-44

8-2. Default Settings When Switched to Normal Span or Zero Span ........ 8-46

8-3. Minimum Time Resolution ......................... 8-47

8-4. Equivalent Circuit Selection Guide ..................... 8-54

10-1. Sweep List for Evaluating a Varactor Diode ................. 10-37

11-1. Signal Source Assignment .........................

11-2. Parameters of System error Model .. ...... ...... ...... .

11-3. Typical System Performance for Devices with 7 mm Connectors

HP 4395A with HP 87511A Test Set (300 kHz to 500 MHz) . . . . . . . . .

11-4. Typical System Performance for Devices with 3.5 mm Connectors

HP 4395A with HP 87511A Test Set (300 kHz to 500 MHz) . . . . . . . . .

11-5. Typical System Performance for Devices with 50  Type-N Connectors

HP 4395A with HP 87511A or 85044A Test Set (300 kHz to 500 MHz) ... 11-49

11-6. Typical System Performance for Devices with 75  Type-N Connectors

HP 4395A with HP 87511B Test Set (300 kHz to 500 MHz) . . . . . . . . .

11-7. Typical System Performance for Devices with 50  Type-N Connectors

HP 4395A with HP 87512A Test Set (100 Hz to 500 MHz) .........

11-8. Typical System Performance for Devices with 75  Type-N Connectors

HP 4395A with HP 87512B Test Set (100 Hz to 500 MHz) .........

11-9. Reection Measurement Uncertainty Worksheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11-10. Transmission Measurement Uncertainty Worksheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12-1. Supported Printers and Printing Modes ................... 12-5

A-1. Obtaining Parameters in 1 Marker Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-33

A-2. Standard Denitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-46

A-3. Standard Class Assignments Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-47

A-4. Valid Characters for File Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-61

A-5. Suxes and Extensions Added Automatically ........ ...... ..

A-6. Contents of ASCII Files ..........................

A-7. Data Groups and Data Array Names for Spectrum Analyzer .. ...... . A-68

A-8. Data Groups and Data Array Names for the Network Analyzer Mode ..... A-69

A-9. Network Measurement Type Versus Raw Data Saved . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A-10. Calibration Type for Network Measurement Versus CAL Data Saved ..... A-70

C-1. 3.5 mm Standard Cal Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

C-2. 7 mm Standard Cal Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-22

C-3. 50  Type-N Standard Cal Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-22

C-4. 75  Type-N Standard Cal Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-23

C-5. Standard Class Assignments Table (7 mm and 3.5 mm) ...... ......

C-6. Standard Class Assignments Table (50  Type-N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

C-7. Standard Class Assignments Table (75  Type-N) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

D-1. Manual Changes by Serial Number ........ ...... ...... .

11-23

11-35

11-47

11-48

11-50

11-51

11-52

11-54

11-55

A-61

A-67

A-70

C-22

C-24

C-24

C-25

D-1

Contents-22

D-2. Manual Changes by Firmware Version . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1

Contents-23

1

Introduction

About the HP 4395A Network/Spectrum/Impedance Analyzer

The HP 4395A Network/Spectrum/Impedance Analyzer provides excellent vector network

and spectrum measurement performance from 10 Hz to 500 MHz. Providing both network

and spectrum measurement capabilities, the HP 4395A is a cost eective solution for the

development and production testing of electronic devices.

Optionally, the HP 4395A can serve as an impedance analyzer as well. This requires Option 010

and the HP 43961A Impedance Test Kit.

About This Guide

This guide is the Operation Manual for the HP 4395A. It includes the following

chapters/appendixes:

\Chapter 1 Introduction" This chapter.

\Chapter 2 Installation

Provides procedures needed to install the HP 4395A.

Guide"

\Chapter 3 Quick Start

Guide"

\Chapter 4 Front and Rear

Panels"

\Chapter 5 Preparations for

Provides a quick-start tutorial which lets you learn the basics of

network, spectrum, and impedance analyzer modes.

Illustrates and describes the HP 4395A's front and rear panel

features.

Provides the procedures needed to prepare for a measurement.

Measurement"

\Chapter 6 Setting and

Optimizing Measurement

Provides the procedures for setting and optimizing measurement

conditions of HP 4395A.

Conditions"

\Chapter 7 Calibration" Provides general procedures for using the HP 4395A as an

impedance analyzer.

\Chapter 8 Analyzing the

Measurement Results"

\Chapter 9 Advanced

Techniques for Optimizing

Explains how to analyze and process the measurement results

obtained in each analyzer mode.

Provides advanced measurement techniques that can be used to

optimize your measurement tasks.

Measurement Tasks"

\Chapter 10 Examples of

Applications"

\Chapter 11 Specications

Contains example applications of the HP 4395A for each of

network, spectrum, and impedance analyzer modes.

Provides detailed information on the HP 4395A's specications.

and Supplemental

Characteristics"

\Chapter 12 Accessories and

Lists options and accessories available with the HP 4395A.

Options"

Introduction 1-1

\Appendix A Analyzer

Features"

provides additional information on analyzer features beyond the

basics covered in the previous chapters.

\Appendix B Softkey

Reference"

\Appendix C Input Range and

Default Settings"

\Appendix D Manual

Changes"

Document Guide

For information on using HP-IB commands to program the HP 4395A, refer to

Manual

, which contains a complete command reference with ready-to-use sample programs.

Shows the hierarchy of softkeys that appear on the HP 4395A's

display.

Lists the valid ranges and initial settings of the various functions

of the HP 4395A.

Provides information on changes to the manual and on the

product serial number.

Programming

1-2 Introduction

2

Installation Guide

This chapter provides installation and setup instructions. It contains the following information:

Incoming Inspection

Replacing Fuse

Power Requirements

Operation Environment

Ventilation Requirements

Instruction for Cleaning

Rack/Handle Installation

Connecting Cables

Connecting a Test Set for Network Analyzer Mode

Connecting an Active Probe

Connecting an Impedance Test Kit and a Test Fixture

Connecting a Keyboard

Setting Up a 75  Measurement For Spectrum Analyzer Mode

Installation Guide 2-1

Incoming Inspection

Incoming Inspection

Warning

Inspect the shipping container for damage. If the shipping container or cushioning material

is damaged, it should be kept until the contents of the shipment have been checked for

completeness and the HP 4395A has been checked mechanically and electrically. The contents

of the shipment should be as listed in Table 2-1. If the contents are incomplete, if there is

mechanical damage or defect, or if the HP 4395A does not pass the power-on selftests, notify

the nearest Hewlett-Packard oce. If the shipping container is damaged, or the cushioning

material shows signs of unusual stress, notify the carrier as well as the Hewlett-Packard oce.

Keep the shipping materials for the carrier's inspection.

To avoid hazardous electrical shock, do not turn on the HP 4395A when

there are signs of shipping damage to any portion of the outer enclosure

(for example, covers, panel, or display)

2-2 Installation Guide

Incoming Inspection

Table 2-1. Contents

Description HP Part Number Quantity

Network/Spectrum/Impedance Analyzer HP 4395A 1

Documents

Operation Manual 04395-90000 1

Programming Manual 04395-90001 1

HP Instrument BASIC Users

E2083-90005 1

HandBook

Sample Program Disk (2 disks) 04395-18000 1

3.5inch 2HD Disk (blank) - 1

mini-DIN Keyboard C3757-60401 1

Power Cable

1

- 1

Option 010 only

BNC(m)-BNC(m) Cable 8120-1839 1

Option 0BW only

Service Manual 04395-90100 1

Option 1D5 only

BNC Adapter 1250-1859 1

Option 1D7 only

50/75 Minimum Loss Pad HP 11852B option 004 1

Option 1CN Handle Kit

Handle Kit 5062-3991 1

Option 1CM Rack Mount Kit

Rack Mount Kit 5062-3979 1

Option 1CP Rack Mount & Handle Kit

Rack Mount & Handle Kit 5062-3985 1

1

The power cable depends on where the instrument is used,see Figure 2-1.

Installation Guide 2-3

Replacing Fuse

Replacing Fuse

Fuse Selection

Select proper fuse according to the Table 2-2.

Table 2-2. Fuse Selection

Fuse Rating/Type Fuse Part Number

5A 250Vac

UL/CSA type 2110-0030

Time Delay

For ordering the fuse,contact your nearest Hewlett-Packard Sales and Service Oce.

Procedure

Lever a small minus screwdriver to

dismount the fuse holder above the AC

line receptacle on the rear panel.

Caution

2-4 Installation Guide

Use the proper fuse for the line voltage selected. Use only fuses with the

required current rating and of the specied type as replacements. DO NOT use

a mended fuse or short-circuit the fuse-holder in order to by-pass a blown fuse.

Find out what caused the fuse to blow!

To check or replace the fuse, pull the fuse

holder and remove the fuse.To reinstall

the fuse, insert a fuse with the proper

rating into the fuse holder.

Power Requirements

Power Requirements

The HP 4395A requires the following power source:

Voltage : 90 to 132 Vac, 198 to 264 Vac

Frequency : 47 to 63 Hz

Power : 300 VA maximum

Power Cable

In accordance with international safety standards, this instrument is equipped with a

three-wire power cable. When connected to an appropriate ac power outlet, this cable grounds

the instrument frame.

The type of power cable shipped with each instrument depends on the country of destination.

Refer to Figure 2-1 for the part numbers of the power cables available.

Warning

For protection from electrical shock, the power cable ground must not be

defeated.

The power plug must be plugged into an outlet that provides a protective

earth ground connection.

Installation Guide 2-5

Power Requirements

2-6 Installation Guide

Figure 2-1. Power Cable Supplied

Operation Environment

Operation Environment

The HP 4395A must be operated under within the following environment conditions, and

sucient space must be kept behind the HP 4395A to avoid obstructing the air ow of the

cooling fans.

Temperature: 10Cto40C

Humidity: less than 80% RH

Note

Ventilation Requirements

To ensure adequate ventilation, make sure that there is adequate clearance of at least 180mm

behind and 60mm sides.

Instruction for Cleaning

To prevent electrical shock, disconnect the HP 4395A power cable from the receptacle before

cleaning. Wipe with a dry cloth or a soft cloth that is soaked with water and wrung tightly

without undue pressure to clean the casing. Do not attempt to clean the HP 4395A internally

The HP 4395A must be protected from temperature extremes which could

cause condensation within the instrument.

.

Installation Guide 2-7

Rack/Handle Installation

Rack/Handle Installation

The HP 4395A can be rack mounted and used as a component in a measurement system.

Figure 2-2 shows how to rack mount the HP 4395A.

Table 2-3. Rack Mount Kits

Option Description HP Part Number

1CN Handle Kit 5062-3991

1CM Rack Mount Kit 5062-3979

1CP Rack Mount & Handle Kit 5062-3985

Figure 2-2. Rack Mount Kits Installation

Option 1CN Handle Kit

Option 1CN is a handle kit containing a pair of handles and the necessary hardware to attach

them to the instrument.

Installing the Handle

1. Remove the adhesive-backed trim strips1

HP 4395A.

2. Attach the front handles3

3. Attach the trim strips4

2-8 Installation Guide

to the sides using the screws provided.

to the handles.

from the left and right front sides of the

Rack/Handle Installation

Option 1CM Rack Mount Kit

Option 1CM is a rack mount kit containing a pair of anges and the necessary hardware to

mount them to the instrument in an equipment rack with 482.6 mm (19 inches) horizontal

spacing.

Mounting the Rack

1. Remove the adhesive-backed trim strips1

from the left and right front sides of the

HP 4395A.

2. Attach the rack mount ange2

to the left and right front sides of the HP 4395A using the

screws provided.

3. Remove all four feet (lift bar on the inner side of the foot, and slide the foot toward the

bar).

Option 1CP Rack Mount & Handle Kit

Option 1CP is a rack mount kit containing a pair of anges and the necessary hardware to

mount them to an instrument which has handles attached, in an equipment rack with 482.6

mm (19 inches) spacing.

Mounting the Handle and Rack

1. Remove the adhesive-backed trim strips1

from the left and right front sides of the

HP 4395A.

2. Attach the front handle3

and the rack mount ange5

together on the left and right front

sides of the HP 4395A using the screws provided.

3. Remove all four feet (lift bar on the inner side of the foot, and slide the foot toward the

bar).

Connecting Cables

Use shielded cables when you connect the DUT and accessories for testing.

For more information about the cables, see chapter 12.

Installation Guide 2-9

Connecting a Test Set for Network Analyzer Mode

Connecting a Test Set for Network Analyzer Mode

To use the network analyzer mode of the HP 4395A, a test set is required to measure the

transmission and reection characteristics of the device under test (DUT).

You can use either the HP 87512A/B transmission/reection (T/R) test set or the HP 87511A/B

S-parameter test set. The HP 87512A/B T/R test set measures reection and transmission in the

forward direction only. The HP 87511A/B S-parameter test set measures both the forward and

reverse directions without reconnection.

For more information about the test sets, see Chapter 12.

Connecting a Transmission/Reection Test Set

Figure 2-3. Connecting a Transmission/Reection Test Set

1. Place the transmission/reection (T/R) test set in front of the HP 4395A.

2. Connect the R and A ports of the HP 4395A and the T/R test set to each other

.

3. Connect the RF OUT port of the HP 4395A and the RF IN port of the T/R test set with a

semi-rigid cable.

Note

When you use the HP 87512B, press

4

Cal

NNNNNNNNNNNNNN

5

MORE

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

SET Z0

. Then press

4754554

to set the characteristic impedance (Z0)to75.

2-10 Installation Guide

5

2

1

Connecting an S-parameter Test Set

Connecting a Test Set for Network Analyzer Mode

Figure 2-4. Connecting an S-parameter Test Set

1. Place the HP 4395A on the S-parameter test set.

2. Connect the TEST SET-I/O INTERCONNECT interface on the rear panel of the HP 4395A

and the NETWORK ANALYZER-I/O INTERCONNECT interface of the test set using the cable

furnished with the test set.

3. Connect the RF OUT, R, A, and B inputs of the HP 4395A to the S-parameter test set to each

other.

N

NNNNNNNNNNNNN

Note

When you use the HP 87511B, press

to set the characteristic impedance (Z0)to75.

4

Cal

5

MORE

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

SET Z0

. Then press

4754554

2

1

5

Installation Guide 2-11

Connecting an Active Probe

Connecting an Active Probe

The active probe allows you to analyze an in-circuit signal or device that has no port for

connecting to the test set. The active probe can be used for both spectrum and network

measurements.

The HP 4395A can use the following active probes:

HP 41800A Active Probe (5 Hz to 500 MHz)

HP 41802A 1 M Input Adapter (5 Hz to 100 MHz)

For more information about these active probes, see Chapter 12.

For Spectrum Analyzer Mode

Figure 2-5. Spectrum Analyzer Mode (One Active Probe)

1. Connect the output connector of the active probe to the R,A,or B port of the HP 4395A.

2. Plug the probe power plug into the PROBE POWER connector.

For Network Analyzer Mode

Using One Active Probe

2-12 Installation Guide

Figure 2-6. Network Analyzer Mode (One Active Probe)

1. Connect the power splitter to the RF OUT port.

Connecting an Active Probe

2. Connect one output from the power splitter to the R input.

3. Connect the other output of the power splitter to the DUT

4. Connect the active probe to the B input and plug the probe plug into the PROBE POWER

connector.

5. If necessary, terminate the DUT with a load.

Note

For more information about these power splitters, see Chapter 12.

The following power splitters are available for the HP 4395A:

HP 11850C,D Three-way Power Splitter

HP 11667A Two-way Power Splitter

.

Installation Guide 2-13

Connecting an Active Probe

Using Two Active Probes

Figure 2-7. Network Analyzer Mode (Two Active Probes)

1. Connect one active probe to the R input.

2. Connect the other active probe to the B input.

3. Connect the RF OUT port to the DUT

.

4. If necessary, terminate the DUT with a load.

2-14 Installation Guide

Using a Transmission/Reection Test Set

Figure 2-8. Using a Transmission/Reection Test Set

Connecting an Active Probe

1. Connect the HP 87512A/B T/R test set.

2. Connect the active probe to the B input.

3. If necessary, terminate the DUT with a load.

Installation Guide 2-15

Connecting an Active Probe

Connecting an Impedance Test Kit and a Test Fixture for Impedance

Analyzer Mode

Connecting an Impedance Test Kit

To start the impedance measurement, you need to connect the HP 43961A Impedance Test Kit

to the HP 4395A. See Figure 2-9.

1. Verify the HP 4395A is turned o.

2. Connect the N-cable to the RF OUT port of the HP 4395A.

3. Connect two connectors of the HP 43961A to the R and A ports of the HP 43961A.

4. Connect the other connector of the N-cable to the RF IN port of the HP 43961A.

5. Turn on the HP 4395A.

Figure 2-9. Connecting the Impedance Test Kit

Connecting a Test Fixture to the Impedance Test Kit

To connect the test xture to the impedance test kit, see the applicable test xture manual for

instructions. The following is a general procedure:

1. Turn the APC-7 connector of the impedance test kit OUTPUT port.

2. Verify that the connector sleeve is retracted fully.

3. Set the mounting posts of the test station into the twin locating holes at the corner of the

test xture.

4. Connect the connector on the underside of the test xture to the OUTPUT port of the

impedance test kit.

2-16 Installation Guide

Figure 2-10. Connecting Test Fixture

Connecting an Active Probe

Installation Guide 2-17

Connecting a Keyboard

Connecting a Keyboard

An mini-DIN keyboard can be connected to the mini-DIN connector on the rear panel of the

HP 4395A. The mini-DIN keyboard provides an easier way to enter characters for the le

names, display titles, and Instrument BASIC programs. It can also access the HP 4395A softkey

functions by using keyboard function keys.For more information on the mini-DIN keyboard,

see

Programming Manual

.

Figure 2-11. Connecting a Keyboard

2-18 Installation Guide

Setting Up a 75  Measurement For Spectrum Analyzer Mode

Setting Up a 75  Measurement For Spectrum Analyzer Mode

Note

This operation requires the option 1D7 50 to 75 Input Impedance

Conversion. For detail information about option 1D7, see Chapter 12.

1. Attach the HP 11852B Option 004 50 N(m)/75  N(f) minimum loss pad to R, A, or B input.

2. Press

3.

4. Press

Press

4

5

.

Cal

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

N

INPUT Z

4*5

.

to set the impedance of the source (75 ). Then press

4

Entry O

5

.

5. Select the input port:

Attached to Press

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

Input R

Input A

LVL CAL DATA R

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

LVL CAL DATA A

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

Input B

6. Enter the insertion loss of the minimum loss pad in dB and press

Note

Perform this procedure each time the HP 4395A is preset because the

HP 4395A does not retain this setting in memory

LVL CAL DATA B

4

5

.

2

1

.

Installation Guide 2-19

3

Quick Start Guide

Network Analyzer Tour

In this section, you explore the network analyzer mode of operation. Before starting this tour,

verify that the HP 4395A is correctly installed (see chapter 2, \Installation Guide," if you need

additional information).

Before You Leave On The Tour

On this tour, you will learn how to make a basic network analyzer measurement by measuring

the transmission characteristics of a bandpass lter.

Overview

The following is a short summary of the tour:

1. Preparing for a measurement

Turning ON the HP 4395A

Connecting the DUT

2. Setting up the HP 4395A

Selecting the analyzer type

Setting the active channel

Setting the input port

Setting the frequency range

Performing the automatic scaling

3. Making a calibration

4. Reading a measurement result

Reading a measured value by using marker

5. Printing out the measurement result

Conguring and connecting a printer

Making a hardcopy of the display

After you nish this tour, you will understand how to make a basic measurement in the

network analyzer mode of operation.

Quick Start Guide 3-1

Before You Leave On The Tour

Required Equipment

To perform all the steps in this tour, you must have the following equipment:

HP 4395A Network/Spectrum/Impedance Analyzer

Measurement Device:

This tour assumes the device under test (DUT) is a 70 MHz bandpass lter

THRU (BNC female-to-female connector)

Two BNC cables

Test Set (use either of the following)

Transmission/Reection (T/R) Test Set

Two N-to-BNC adapters

S-Parameter Test Set

Two APC7-to-N adapters

Two N-to-BNC adapters

HP DeskJet Printer

Parallel Interface Cable

* If you wish to test some other device, you will need to change particular measuring

conditions, such as the frequency range, according to the general characteristics of the DUT.

*

*

* If you do not have an HP DeskJet printer and cable

Measurement Results".

, skip step 5, \Printing Out the

3-2 Quick Start Guide

Figure 3-1. Required Equipment

Step 1: Preparing for the Measurement

Step 1: Preparing for the Measurement

You must set up the test set before you turn ON the HP 4395A. The setup procedure for the

test set is described in \Connecting a Test Set for Network Analyzer Mode" in Chapter 2.

Turning ON the HP 4395A

Press the LINE switch.

The HP 4395A performs a power on self-test. About 20 seconds later

number, and other information should appear on the LCD to indicate that the HP 4395A has

normally started up.

Connecting the DUT

Connect the DUT as shown in Figure 3-2 or Figure 3-3.

, the model name, revision

Figure 3-2. Transmission/Reection Test Set Setup

Quick Start Guide 3-3

Step 1: Preparing for the Measurement

Figure 3-3. S-Parameter Test Set Setup

3-4 Quick Start Guide

Step 2: Setting up the HP 4395A

Step 2: Setting up the HP 4395A

Before you start the measurement, you must set up the HP 4395A to t your measurement

requirements.For example, you must set the frequency range of the measurement. In this

step, you will set the following parameters:

Analyzer type

Active channel

Inputs

Format

Frequency Range

Network analyzer mode

Channel 1

B/R or S21(depending on the test set)

Log magnitude (default)

Center 70 MHz, Span 500 kHz

Setting the Analyzer Type

To use the HP 4395A in the network analyzer mode, you must set the analyzer type to the

network analyzer mode after selecting the active channel.

In the MEASUREMENT block, press

4

Meas

5

. Press

FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

ANALYZER TYPE

.

F

FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

Press

NETWORK ANALYZER

.

Quick Start Guide 3-5

Step 2: Setting up the HP 4395A

Setting the Active Channel

Because the HP 4395A has two measurement channels you can have two dierent

measurement setups at the same time.To change the active channel to channel 1:

Note

In the ACTIVE CHANNEL block, press

4

5

Chan 1

.

Changing the analyzer type presets the HP 4395A for the active channel.

Verify the Chan 1 active channel indicator

lights.

If you want to keep the current measurement settings when changing the

analyzer type, rst set the other channel to active.

Selecting the Input

The HP 4395A uses three inputs for network measurements (R, A, and B). Usually

, the R input

is connected to the RF OUT signal directly, the A input measures the reected signal from the

DUT, and the B input measures the signal through the DUT

This example assumes you are using the T/R test set. Therefore

.

, because you are going to

measure the transmission characteristics of the DUT, select B/R to measure the ratio of B and R

inputs.

When you use the S-parameter test set, you can measure the forward and reverse

characteristics of a 2-port device without reconnecting the inputs

. In that case, select S

21

for a

transmission measurement in the forward direction.

3-6 Quick Start Guide

Step 2: Setting up the HP 4395A

In the MEASUREMENT block, press

F

FFFFFFFF

Press

B/R

. Press

Setting the Frequency Range

To display the transmission characteristics of the 70 MHz bandpass lter

frequency range for the measurement. In this example, set the HP 4395A to a 70 MHz center

frequency with a 500 kHz span.

4

Meas

5

.

F

FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

Trans:FWD S21 [B/R]

for the forward direction.

to select B/R

, you should specify the

Quick Start Guide 3-7

Step 2: Setting up the HP 4395A

In the SWEEP block, press

Press

4

5

. In the SWEEP block, press

M/



4

Center

5

. Press

475405

.

4

5

.

Span

Press

455405405

Performing the Automatic Scaling

Often, the trace obtained after specifying the frequency range is too large or too small

vertically for the grid. However, by using the automatic scaling function, you can obtain the

optimum vertical setting automatically.

3-8 Quick Start Guide

. Press

4

k/m

5

.

Step 2: Setting up the HP 4395A

In the MEASUREMENT block, Press

4

Scale Ref

The transmission characteristics trace of the lter is displayed as shown below:

5

.

Press

FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

AUTO SCALE

.

All the settings are displayed on the LCD.

1. Active channel is set to channel 1.

2. Inputs are set to B/R.

3. Format is set to log magnitude mode.

4. Center frequency is set to 70 MHz.

5. Frequency span is set to 500 kHz.

Quick Start Guide 3-9

Step 3: Making a Calibration

Step 3: Making a Calibration

To ensure accurate measurement results, calibrate the HP 4395A before making a

measurement. Calibration reduces error factor due to uncertainty. In this example, you

perform the response calibration to cancel a frequency response error. A THRU (BNC

female-to-female connector) is necessary to perform a response calibration for the transmission

measurement.

Performing a Response Calibration (for the Transmission Measurement)

Press

Press

4

5

. Press

Cal

FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

RESPONSE

. Disconnect the DUT then, connect the THRU.

FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

CALIBRATE MENU

.

F

FFFFFFFFFFF

THRU

Press

3-10 Quick Start Guide

. WAIT - MEASURING CAL STANDARD is

displayed.

Step 3: Making a Calibration

FFFFFFFFFFFF

The

THRU

softkey label is underlined when

the measurement is completed.

Disconnect the THRU and reconnect the DUT.

\

Cor

" is displayed on the left side of the display to show that the frequency response error is

corrected.

The measured value is now corrected for the frequency response error

Note

If the trace is changed, it requires an adjustment of the scale

automatic scaling again by pressing

FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

Press

DONE: RESPONSE

4

Scale Ref

.

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

N

5

AUTO SCALE

.

.Perform the

.

Quick Start Guide 3-11

Step 4: Reading a Measurement Result

Step 4: Reading a Measurement Result

You may want to readout the measured values on the displayed trace.You can use the marker

function for this purpose. The marker shows the frequency and response value at the marker

point.

Reading a Measured Value by Using Marker

In the MARKER block, press

Turn the knob to the right to move the

marker toward the right.

The marker has a search function that makes it easier and faster to evaluate the trace results.

For example, to search for the maximum value and its frequency on the trace:

4

Marker

5

. Verify a marker appears on the trace.

Read the values at the right top of the display

.

In the MARKER block, press

3-12 Quick Start Guide

4

Search

5

. Press

F

FFFFFFFF

MAX

.

Step 4: Reading a Measurement Result

The marker immediately moves to the

maximum point on the displayed trace.

Read the frequency and response values

displayed at the upper right of the display.

Quick Start Guide 3-13

Step 5: Printing Out the Measurement Result

Step 5: Printing Out the Measurement Result

You may want a hardcopy of the measured results for a permanent record of the measurement.

The HP 4395A can print out the data as a snapshot of the display or as a list of values without

using any external controller.

Conguring and Connecting a Printer

Locate the parallel interface connector on the back of the HP 4395A .

Caution

Note

Making a Hardcopy of the LCD Display

Do not connect a printer to \TEST SET - I/O INTERCONNECT". Doing so could

damage the printer.

For more information about printer, see the chapter 12.

Press

4

5

. Press

Copy

F

FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

PRINT [STANDARD]

printing.

to execute the

3-14 Quick Start Guide

Spectrum Analyzer Tour

Spectrum Analyzer Tour

In this section, you explore the spectrum analyzer mode of operation. Before starting this tour,

verify the HP 4395A is correctly installed (see chapter 2, \Installation Guide," if you need

additional information).

Before You Leave On The Tour

On this tour, you will learn how to make a basic spectrum analyzer measurement by measuring

the output signal of a signal generator.

Overview

The following is a short summary of the tour:

1. Preparing for a measurement

Turning ON the HP 4395A

Connecting the test signal source

2. Setting up the HP 4395A

Selecting the analyzer type

Setting the active channel

Selecting the input

Setting the frequency range

3. Making a Measurement

Reading the peak level using the marker

Setting the resolution bandwidth to see low level signals

Searching for harmonics using the search function

4. Saving and recalling the HP 4395A settings

Preparing the disk

Saving HP 4395A settings

Entering the le name

Recalling the HP 4395A settings

After you nish this tour, you will understand how to make a basic measurement in the

spectrum analyzer mode of operation.

Quick Start Guide 3-15

Spectrum Analyzer Tour

Required Equipment

To perform all the steps in this tour, you must have the following equipment:

HP 4395A Network/Spectrum/Impedance Analyzer

Test signal source (020dBm, 20MHz, sine wave)

N to BNC Adapter (50 )

BNC cable

3.5 inch 2HD Blank Disk

* Furnished with the HP 4395A.

** If you wish to test some other test signal, you will need to change particular measuring

conditions, such as the frequency range, according to the general characteristics of the signal.

*

**

3-16 Quick Start Guide

Figure 3-4. Required Equipment

Step 1: Preparing for a Measurement

Step 1: Preparing for a Measurement

Turning ON the HP 4395A

Verify the power line setting is correct before you turning ON the HP 4395A. If necessary, see

chapter 2, \Installation Guide."

Press the LINE switch

The HP 4395A performs a power on self-test. About 20 seconds later

number, and other information should appear on the LCD to indicate that the HP 4395A has

normally started up.

Connecting the DUT

Connect the test signal source (020 dBm, 20 MHz) to Input R of the HP 4395A.

, the model name, revision

Quick Start Guide 3-17

Step 2: Setting Up the HP 4395A

Step 2: Setting Up the HP 4395A

In this step, you will set the following parameters:

Active channel

Analyzer type

Input

Frequency Range

Channel 2

Spectrum analyzer mode

R input

0 Hz to 80 MHz

Setting the Analyzer Type

To use the spectrum analyzer mode, you must set the analyzer type to the spectrum analyzer

mode after selecting an active channel.

F

In the MEASUREMENT block, press

4

Meas

5

. Press

FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

ANALYZER TYPE

.

FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

Press

SPECTRUM ANALYZER

Note

Changing the analyzer type presets the HP 4395A for the active channel.

If you want to keep the current measurement settings when changing the

analyzer type, rst set the other channel to active.

3-18 Quick Start Guide

.

Step 2: Setting Up the HP 4395A

Setting the Active Channel

The HP 4395A has two measurement channels. This allows you to have two dierent

measurement setups. Other selections you make on the front panel aect only the active

channel. To set the active channel to channel 2:

Note

In the ACTIVE CHANNEL block, press

4

5

Chan 2

.

All selected settings are stored separately for each channel. Y

Verify the Chan 2 active channel indicator

lights.

ou must select an

active channel (1 or 2) before you can change the measurement setup for that

channel.

Selecting the Input

The HP 4395A has three inputs; R, A, and B

. Any of the inputs (R, A, or B) can be used for a

spectrum measurement.

In the spectrum analyzer mode, the R input is selected by default. In the following steps

verify the R input is selected.

, you

In the MEASUREMENT block, press

4

Meas

F

F

FFF

5

. Verify the

FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

R

in

SPECTRUM: R

is underlined.

(This shows that the R input is selected for a

spectrum analyzer measurement.)

Quick Start Guide 3-19

Step 2: Setting Up the HP 4395A

Setting the Frequency Range

The CAL OUT signal (20 MHz at020 dBm) is connected as test signal source.To see this signal

on display, you must set the appropriate frequency range (in this case, 0 to 80 MHz):

In the SWEEP block, press

Press

4

5

. Press

2

1

4

5

. Press

Start

405

4

Stop

.

5

.

Press

4

5

. Press

8540

Verify the 20 MHz signal is displayed as shown below:

3-20 Quick Start Guide

4

5

.

M/



Step 2: Setting Up the HP 4395A

Quick Start Guide 3-21

Step 3: Making a Measurement

Step 3: Making a Measurement

Reading the Peak Level Using the Marker

Let's try to read peak signal level by using the marker:

Press

4

5

. Marker appears on trace.

Search

FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

Press

SEARCH:PEAK

Read the marker value shown at the upper

right of grid.

3-22 Quick Start Guide

. Marker moves to the top of the CAL OUT

signal.

Step 3: Making a Measurement

Setting the Resolution Bandwidth to See Low Level Signals

To see lower level signals that are approximately the same level as the noise oor, use a narrow

resolution bandwidth (

Before you set the RBW, set the maximum peak level as the reference level. This increases the

visibility of the lower level signal. This technique is useful when you are measuring two signals

and one is very close to the noise level.

Press

4

Marker

rbw

) setting.

5

. Press

!

F

FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

MKR!REFERENCE

.

The trace moves upward to place the tip of the maximum peak at the top line of the grid.

Quick Start Guide 3-23

Step 3: Making a Measurement

Press

4

Bw/Avg

5

. Press

4+5

to narrow RBW setting to 3 kHz.

Now, with the noise oor level lowered by narrowing the resolution bandwidth, the second and

third harmonics can be seen as shown below:

3-24 Quick Start Guide

Step 3: Making a Measurement

Searching for Harmonics Using the Search Function

You can easily readout a harmonics' frequency and level by using the peak search function:

F

Press

4

Search

5

. Press

FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

SEARCH:PEAK

.

FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

Press

NEXT PEAK

To move the marker to the second (or third)

harmonic, press

. The marker moves to the third (or second)

FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

NEXT PEAK

again.

harmonic.

Quick Start Guide 3-25

Step 4: Saving and Recalling HP 4395A Settings

Step 4: Saving and Recalling HP 4395A Settings

You can store the settings or measurement data on a 3.5 inch disk using the HP 4395A's disk

drive. In this tour, you save and recall the settings that you selected previously in this tour.

Preparing the Disk

To use a disk, you must rst initialize it by performing the following steps:

Verify the disk is not write protected. Insert the disk into the disk drive

Press

4

Save

F

FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

Toggle

STOR DEV [MEMORY]

F

FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

INITIALIZE DISK

press

3-26 Quick Start Guide

5

. Press

F

FFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

to

[DISK]

, and

Toggle

F

FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

FILE UTILITIES

F

FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

FORMAT [DOS]

.

to

F

FFFFFFFFFFFFF

[LIF]

.

FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

Press

INIT DISK: YES

Step 4: Saving and Recalling HP 4395A Settings

. The message, \INITIALIZE DISK In Progress,"

is displayed. After the disk is initialized, this

message is turned o.

Note

The HP 4395A can use either a LIF (Logical Interchange Format) or a MS-DOS

(Disk Operating System) format disk.

Note

The HP 4395A can initialize a 1.44 MB 3.5 inch exible disk only

.

Saving HP 4395A Settings

In the following example, use \SATOUR" as the le name of the HP 4395A settings you want to

save.

Press

4

5

. Press

Save

FFFFFFFFFFFFFF

STATE

.

The HP 4395A requests the le name you want to use for the saved settings.

Entering the File Name

Note

If a keyboard is connected, you can use it for le name entry. If not, use the

front-panel controls as described in the following steps

.

Quick Start Guide 3-27

Step 4: Saving and Recalling HP 4395A Settings

Turn the rotary knob to move the arrow

below the rst character,S.

Keep entering characters until SATOUR is

entered.

FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

Press

SELECT LETTER

If you enter a wrong character, press

FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

BACK SPACE

to erase the character.

.

To complete the le name entry, press

Note

3-28 Quick Start Guide

The le name for a LIF format can be up to 10 characters long. However, with

the HP 4395A, the last 2 characters are reserved for a sux. Therefore, you

can enter a le name of up to 8 characters. Either upper or lower case is

recognized in the LIF format.

A le name for a MS-DOS(DOS) format consists of a le name and an extension.

The le name can be up to 8 characters long and the extension contains up to 3

characters. A period separates the extension from the le name

FFFFFFFFFFFF

DONE

.Verify the disk access indicator lights (this

shows that the HP 4395A is saving the

settings to the disk).

. The extension

Step 4: Saving and Recalling HP 4395A Settings

part reserved by the HP 4395A. Therefore, you can enter a le name of up to 8

characters. The le name is not case sensitive in the DOS format.

Recalling the HP 4395A Settings

You can recall the le containing the saved HP 4395A settings anytime you want. This is

true, even if you change the current HP 4395A settings. In this example, you will preset the

HP 4395A and then recall the settings in the SATOUR le.

Presetting

Press

4

5

.

Preset

The HP 4395A is set to the preset conditions

previous examples are stored in the SATOUR le on the disk.

. However, the HP 4395A settings from the

Quick Start Guide 3-29

Step 4: Saving and Recalling HP 4395A Settings

Recalling the SATOUR le.

Press

4

5

. The disk access lamp lights.

Recall

The stored le is listed in the softkey label

area. Press

settings that you saved.

Note

After the disk access lamp goes out, all HP 4395A settings that you set are recalled. You can

verify them on the display. If you want to know what settings are saved, see chapter 8.

FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF

SATOUR_S

Sux, \_S," means the HP 4395A settings are saved. If you save the HP 4395A

settings in a DOS format, an extension, \

to recall the HP 4395A

.sta

," is appended to the le name.

3-30 Quick Start Guide

Impedance Analyzer Tour

Impedance Analyzer Tour

In this section, you explore the impedance analyzer mode of operation. Before starting this

tour, make sure that your HP 4395A is correctly installed (see chapter 1, \Installation and

Setup Guide," if you need additional information).

Note

Your HP 4395A must be equipped with option 010 to serve as an impedance

analyzer. Otherwise, impedance analyzer mode is not available.

Before You Leave On The Tour

Through this tour, you will learn how to make a basic impedance analyzer measurement by

measuring the impedance characteristics of a chip capacitor.

Overview

The following is a short summary of the tour:

1. Preparing for a measurement

Connecting the impedance test kit

Turning ON the HP 4395A

2. Setting up the HP 4395A

Selecting the analyzer type

Activating Channel 1

Setting the sweep parameters

Setting the output level

Setting the IF bandwidth

3. Calibrating the HP 4395A

OPEN calibration

SHORT calibration

LOAD calibration

4. Connecting and setting up a test xture

Connecting the xture

Setting the electrical length

Fixture compensation

5. Carrying out impedance measurement

Selecting the measurement parameters for Channel 1

Connecting the DUT

Performing the Automatic Scaling

6. Switching from Channel 1 to Channel 2

7. Selecting the measurement parameters for Channel 2

8. Dual channel display

Quick Start Guide 3-31

Impedance Analyzer Tour

After you nish this tour, you will understand how to make a basic measurement in impedance

analyzer mode. If you want to learn how to perform more complex tasks, refer to Chapters 5

through 9.

Required Equipment

To perform all the steps in this tour, you must have the following equipment:

Figure 3-5. Required Equipment

1. HP 4395A Network/Spectrum/Impedance Analyzer with Option 010 equipped

2. HP 43961A Impedance Test Kit

3. Calibration kit (included in the HP 43961A)

4. Test xture of your choice

5. Short device for the test xture

6. DUT (chip capacitor)

If you wish to test some other device instead of a chip capacitor

particular measuring conditions, such as the frequency range, according to the general

characteristics of the DUT.

*

, you will need to change

3-32 Quick Start Guide

Impedance Analyzer Tour

Step 1: Preparing for the Measurement

Connecting the Impedance Test Kit

The HP 4395A requires the HP 43961A Impedance Test Kit to apply signals to, and measure the

impedance characteristics of, a DUT (see Figure 3-6). To connect the HP 43961A Impedance

Test Kit, follow these steps:

Figure 3-6. Connecting the Impedance Test Kit

1. Make sure that the power to the HP 4395A is OFF

2. Connect the N-N cable to the HP 4395A

3. Make sure that the 43961A's APC7 connector sleeve is completely exposed.

4. Connect the two connectors of the HP 43961A to the R and A ports of the HP 4395A, by

tightening the two connectors little by little alternately while holding the test kit.

5. Connect the other end of the N-N cable to the RF IN port of the HP 43961A.

Turning ON the HP 4395A

Before turning ON the power, make sure that the supply voltage selector is in the appropriate

position and that the HP 4395A is properly grounded. For power supply requirements, refer to

Chapter 2 in this manual.

's RF OUT port.

.

Quick Start Guide 3-33

Impedance Analyzer Tour

Press the power switch.

The HP 4395A performs a power on self-test. About 20 seconds later, the model name, revision

number, and other information should appear on the LCD to indicate that the HP 4395A has

normally started up.

Setting Up the HP 4395A

Setting the Analyzer Type

Available analyzer modes are listed in the menu under the

use the HP 4395A as an impedance analyzer by selecting the corresponding analyzer mode from

that menu. Follow these steps:

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

ANALYZER TYPE

softkey.You can

Press the

MEASRUREMENT block.

Choose

3-34 Quick Start Guide

4

5

key in the

Meas

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

IMPEDANCE ANALYZER

Choose

.

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

ANALYZER TYPE

.

Impedance Analyzer Tour

Activating Channel 1

The HP 4395A has two channels, each of which can retain dierent measuring conditions.

To demonstrate how eectively you can use these two channels to perform impedance

measurement, this tour uses the following scenario:

1. Activate Channel 1, and set the parameters that apply to Channel 1

2. Switch to Channel 2, and set the parameters that apply to Channel 2 (see \Step 6: Switching

from Channel 1 to Channel 2")

3. Display both channels in parallel (see \Step 8: Dual Channel Display")

First, activate Channel 1 through these steps:

Press the

ACTIVE CHANNEL block.

4

Chan 1

5

key in the

Make sure that the indicator lamp

beside the

4

Chan 1

5

key is ON.

Quick Start Guide 3-35

Impedance Analyzer Tour

Setting the Sweep Parameters

This tour assumes that the frequency is being swept from 100 kHz to 500 MHz.

Follow these steps:

Press the

4

Sweep

5

key. Choose

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

Choose

LOG FREQ

to have the

HP 4395A accept log frequency

settings.

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

SWEEP TYPE MENU

access the sweep type menu.

Press the

4

Start

5

key.

to

To specify the frequency at which

to start the sweep, enter

using the numeric keys.

3-36 Quick Start Guide

415405405

Press the

4

k/m

5

the unit is kHz.

key to indicate that

Impedance Analyzer Tour

Press the

Press the

that the unit is MHz.

Setting the Output Level

This tour assumes an output level of +0.5 dBm.

Follow these steps:

4

5

key. To specify the frequency at which

STOP

4

5

key to indicate

M/



to stop the sweep, enter

using the numeric keys.

455405405

Quick Start Guide 3-37

Impedance Analyzer Tour

Press the

Enter

keys.

Setting the IF Bandwidth

This tour assumes an IF bandwidth of 300 Hz.

Follow these steps:

4

4

054.545

5

Source

key. Choose

5

using the numeric

Press the

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

POWER

4

5

x1

.

key.

3-38 Quick Start Guide

Impedance Analyzer Tour

Press the

Enter

key.

Note

Setting the Averaging Factor

4

4

3540540

A smaller IF bandwidth reduces trace noise, but increases measuring time.

5

Bw/Avg

key. Choose

5

using the numeric

Press the

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

IF BW

4

2

1

5

.

key.

This tour assumes the averaging factor of 8.

Follow these steps:

Quick Start Guide 3-39

Impedance Analyzer Tour

Press the

Enter

4

8

4

5

using the numeric key. Press the

Bw/Avg

5

key. Choose

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

AVERAGING FACTOR

4

5

key.

2

1

.

Toggle

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

ON off

Note

When you perform impedance measurement with the HP 43961A, you must

set IF bandwidth equal to or less than 300 Hz and averaging factor equal to or

greater than 8.

3-40 Quick Start Guide

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

AVERAGING on OFF

.

to

Impedance Analyzer Tour

Step 3: Making a Calibration

Calibrating the HP 4395A in impedance analyzer mode requires that the HP 4395A be

connected with the HP 43961A impedance test kit. A proper calibration is required for the

HP 4395A to perform measurements within the guaranteed accuracy range.

For impedance analyzer mode, the HP 4395A must be calibrated for each of the following three

circuit states:

OPEN (0 S termination)

SHORT (0  termination)

LOAD (50  termination)

To calibrate the HP 4395A, access the calibration menu through these steps:

Press the

With the calibration menu displayed on the LCD screen, calibrate the HP 4395A for the OPEN,

SHORT, and LOAD states in order.

Note

OPEN Calibration

Follow these steps:

4

5

key. Choose

Cal

Be sure to use the calibration kit included in the HP 43961A package

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

CALIBRATE MENU

.

.

Quick Start Guide 3-41

Impedance Analyzer Tour

Connect the 0 S termination to the

43961A's OUTPUT port.

Remove the 0 S termination.

SHORT Calibration

Follow these steps:

Choose

Wait until the

label is underlined to indicate that

the OPEN calibration is complete.

NNNNNNNNNNNNNN

OPEN

.

NNNNNNNNNNNNNN

OPEN

softkey's

3-42 Quick Start Guide

Impedance Analyzer Tour

Connect the 0  termination to the

43961A's OUTPUT port.

Remove the 0  termination.

LOAD Calibration

Follow these steps:

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

Press

SHORT

Wait until the

label is underlined to indicate that

the SHORT calibration is complete.

.

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

SHORT

softkey's

Quick Start Guide 3-43

Impedance Analyzer Tour

Connect the 50  termination to

the 43961A's OUTPUT port.

Choose

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

DONE: CAL

. Make sure that a \

NNNNNNNNNNNNNN

Press

LOAD

.

Wait until the

label is underlined to indicate that

the LOAD calibration is complete.

displayed at the left-hand edge of

the screen.

NNNNNNNNNNNNNN

LOAD

softkey's

Cor

" marker is

Remove the 50 termination.

3-44 Quick Start Guide