Agilent 4291B Programmers Guide

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HP 4291B RF Impedance/Material Analyzer

Programming Manual

SERIAL NUMBERS

This manual applies directly to instruments with serial number

prex \JP1KE" and above, or whose rmware is version 1.0.

For additional important information about serial numbers,

read \Serial Number" in Appendix A of this Manual.

HP Part No. 04291-90037

Printed in JAPAN March 1998

Second Edition

Notice

The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice.

This document contains proprietary information that is protected by copyright. All rights are

reserved. No part of this document may be photocopied, reproduced, or translated to another

language without the prior written consent of the Hewlett-Packard Company.

Hewlett-Packard Japan, LTD.

Kobe Instrument Division

1-3-2, Murotani, Nishi-ku, Kobe-shi,

Hyogo, 651-2241 Japan

The customer shall have the personal, non-transferable rights to use

PROGRAMS in this manual for the Customer's internal operations

, copy, or modify SAMPLE

. The customer shall use the

SAMPLE PROGRAMS solely and exclusively for their own purpose and shall not license, lease,

market, or distribute the SAMPLE PROGRAMS or modication of any part thereof.

HP shall not be liable for the quality, performance, or behavior of the SAMPLE PROGRAMS. HP

especially disclaims that the operation of the SAMPLE PROGRAMS shall be uninterrupted or

error free. The SAMPLE PROGRAMS are provided AS IS.

HP DISCLAIMS THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A

PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

HP shall not be liable for any infringement of any patent, trademark, copyright, or other

proprietary rights by the SAMPLE PROGRAMS or their use. HP does not warrant that the

SAMPLE PROGRAMS are free from infringements of such rights of third parties. However,HP

will not knowingly infringe or deliver software that infringes the patent, trademark, copyright,

or other proprietary right of a third party.

MS-DOS



is a U.S. registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.

Manual Printing History

The manual printing date and part number indicate its current edition. The printing date

changes when a new edition is printed. (Minor corrections and updates that are incorporated

at reprint do not cause the date to change.) The manual part number changes when extensive

technical changes are incorporated.

December 1997

March 1998

::::::: ::::::: :::::: ::::::: ::::::: :::::: ::::::: ::::::: :::::: ::::::: ::::

::::: ::::::: ::::::: :::::: ::::::: ::::::: :::::: ::::::: ::::::: :::::: ::::

Second Edition

First Edition

iii

Typeface Conventions

Bold

Boldface type is used when a term is dened. For example:

icons

symbols.

Italics

Italic type is used for emphasis and for titles of manuals and other

publications.

Italic type is also used for keyboard entries when a name or a variable

Computer

HARDKEYS

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

SOFTKEYS

must be typed in place of the words in italics.For example:

lename

type the name of a le such as

means to type the word

file1

copy

, to type a space, and then to

Computer font is used for on-screen prompts and messages.

Labeled keys on the instrument front panel are enclosed in45.

Softkeys located to the right of the LCD are enclosed in

copy

NNNNN

Related Documentation Information

You can obtain more detailed information than provided by this manual by referring to the

following documents.

The following manuals are provided with the HP 4291B :

HP 4291B HP-IB Command Reference

for the complete HP-IB command list of the analyzer

are

HP 4291B Quick Start Guide

for learning about the analyzer itself and its front panel key

operation.

HP Instrument BASIC User's Handbook & its supplement for the HP 4291B

BASIC information.

The following documents also provide related information:

HP BASIC Programming Guide

for learning HP BASIC programming. (Furnished with the HP

BASIC system.)

Tutorial Description of the Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus

for an overview of the HP-IB and

IEEE 488 standard (HP literature no. 5952-0156).

Beginner's Guide to SCPI

for learning about a generic SCPI standard command set and its use

(HP part no. H2325-90001).

for Instrument

1. Introduction

How to Use This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

Target Reader .... ...... ...... ...... ..... .... 1-1

What's in This Manual? ........................... 1-1

How to Use the Program Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

Building a Working Program Using Program Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

Initializing Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

Example ................................ 1-4

HP-IB Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5

Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5

Device Selector ...... ...... ...... ...... ......

HP-IB Commands ..............................

Common Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Instrument Control Commands .......................

Simple Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Program Message Syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Command Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Upper and Lower Cases ..........................

Program Message Terminator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Multiple Messages .............................

Query and Response Message Syntax .. ...... ...... ......

Parameters ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...

Variable Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Command Tree and Compound Header Usage .................

Preparation for Operation ..........................

Using Instrument BASIC for Controller ........ ...... .....

1. Connecting the HP-IB Cables ..................... 1-13

2. Setting the HP-IB Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-13

3. Preparing Instrument BASIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-13

Using an External Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-14

1. Connecting the HP-IB Cables ..................... 1-14

2. Setting the HP-IB Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3. Preparing HP BASIC ...... ...... ...... ..... ..

Sample Program Disk ............................

Loading a Program from Disk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1-6

1-7

1-8

1-9

1-11

1-13

1-14

1-15

Contents-1

2. Setup and Measurement Program

Overview of HP-IB Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

Sending HP-IB Commands ......................... 2-1

Reducing Keystrokes by Eliminating Node Repetition ........... 2-2

Sending a Query and Reading the Response ................. 2-2

Automating the Impedance Measurement Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3

1. Setting the Active Channel ........ ...... ...... ... 2-3

2. Setting Stimulus ............................ 2-4

Setting Frequency Sweep Range and Level .. ...... ..... ... 2-4

Setting OSC Level Sweep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4

Setting dc Voltage Sweep (Option 001 Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5

Setting dc Current Sweep (Option 001 Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5

3. Performing Calibration ......................... 2-6

Checking Calibration State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6

4. Setting Port Extension and Electrical Length .. ...... ...... . 2-7

5. Performing Fixture Compensation .................... 2-7

6. Setting Measurement Parameter ..................... 2-9

7. Setting Display Format ......................... 2-10

8. Setting dc Bias (Option 001 Only) .. ...... ...... ...... 2-11

9. Triggering a Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12

10. Setting Scale and Reference ......................

11. Getting Measured Data to the Controller ...... ...... ....

Sample Program: Basic Impedance Measurement Program ...........

Automating the Permittivity Measurement (Option 002 Only) . . . . . . . . . .

4. Selecting Fixture ............ ...... ..... .....

5. Performing Fixture Compensation ....................

6. Setting MUT Thickness .........................

7. Setting Measurement Parameter .....................

Cole-Cole Plot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Automating the Permeability Measurement (Option 002 Only) . . . . . . . . . .

4. Selecting Fixture ............ ...... ..... .....

5. Performing Fixture Compensation ....................

6. Setting MUT Size .. ...... ...... ..... ...... ...

7. Setting Measurement Parameter .....................

2-13

2-14

2-16

2-17

2-18

2-19

2-20

3. Data Processing and Transfer

Data Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

Raw Data Array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

Data Array ................................ 3-2

Data Trace Array ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... 3-2

Calibration Coecient Array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Accessing Arrays ............................

Compensation Coecient Array ...... ...... ...... ....

Accessing Arrays ............................

Monitor Array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Stimulus Array ..............................

Arrays for Memory Trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Accessing Memory Array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Accessing Memory Trace Array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6

Data Transfer Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7

ASCII Transfer ..............................

Binary Transfer ..............................

Data Header . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Getting Data from Analyzer .. ...... ...... ..... ....

Sample Programs: Compensation Data Transfer ................

Contents-2

3-3

3-4

3-5

3-6

3-7

3-8

3-9

3-10

3-11

Storing Compensation Data to Disk (CMP STOR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11

Loading Compensation Data from Disk (CMP LOAD).... ...... ... 3-13

4. Using Status Reporting System

General Status Register Model ........................ 4-1

Event Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

Enable Register .............................. 4-2

Status Byte Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

Transition Filter and Condition Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

Status Register Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

How to Use the Status Registers in a Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8

Reading an Event Register Directly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8

SRQ and Interrupt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9

Sample Program: Performing Calibration ................... 4-11

5. Using the Trigger System

Trigger System ............................... 5-2

Idle State ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... .... 5-2

Wait for Trigger State ........................... 5-2

Measurement State ............................ 5-3

Sweeping Once Using the HP-IB Trigger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sweeping a Specied Number of Times ...................

Triggering on Each Point Using the Manual Trigger . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6. Using the I/O Port

I/O Port Pin Assignment ...........................

Accessing I/O Port ..............................

Access I/O Port from the External Controller .... ...... ......

Sample Program: BIN Sorting Using the I/O Port...... ...... ....

5-4

5-5

6-1

6-2

6-3

7. Using the User Traces

What's the User Trace? ...........................

Using a User Trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting A Grid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting Data Train for The Trace .. ...... ...... ...... ..

Turning ON the User Trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4

Using the Marker on a User Trace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4

Clearing a User Trace .... ...... ...... ...... ..... 7-4

Sample Program: Time Characteristic Measurement .............. 7-5

8. Programming Miscellaneous

Using Disks .................................

Saving the Analyzer Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Entering Trace Data From the Disk into a Program Variable ......... 8-2

Sample Program: Making HP CITIle .....................

Printing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

To Print Analyzer Display .........................

Printer Preparation .... ...... ...... ..... ......

Execute Print ........ ...... ..... ...... ..... 8-5

To Observe Printing ............................ 8-5

Controlling Instrument BASIC from an External Controller . . . . . . . . . . .

Reading or Putting the Variable Data .......... ...... ....

Reading Numeric Variable ........................

Putting Numeric Variable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Reading String Variable .... ...... ...... ...... ...

7-1

7-2

7-3

8-1

8-3

8-5

8-6

8-7

Contents-3

Putting String Variable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-7

Simultaneously Running Instrument BASIC and External Controller Programs . 8-8

Controlling Instrument BASIC Execution Status .............. 8-8

Determining Instrument BASIC Execution State ...... ...... .. 8-8

Transferring Program Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-10

Uploading a Program from Controller to Instrument BASIC . . . . . . . . . 8-10

Downloading a program from Instrument BASIC to the Controller . . . . . . 8-10

Debugging Program ............................. 8-11

Processing Time Measurement .... ...... ...... ...... .. 8-12

Key Sequence Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-13

Generating Equivalent Program For Empty Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-13

Inserting Equivalent Codes into Your Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-13

Limitations ................................ 8-14

File Transfer Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-15

File Transfer from HP 4291B to External Controller .......... ... 8-16

File Transfer from External Controller to HP 4291B .......... ... 8-18

Displaying List of Files in Current Directory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-20

9. Facilitating Program Execution and Utilizing Storage Devices

How to Save Programs of Instrument BASIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1

The Procedure to Save Programs ......................

Running a Program through the Softkey Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Automatically Starting a Program at Power-ON (AUTOST) ...........

About

AUTOREC

...... ...... ...... ...... ......

Using Storage Devices ............................

BASIC Commands for Setting up the Storage Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Floppy Disk Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Memory Disk ...............................

Transfering Data between Floppy Disk and Memory Disk . . . . . . . . . . .

9-1

9-2

9-3

9-4

10. Introducing HP Instrument BASIC System

Overview of HP Instrument BASIC ......................

Controlling the Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Using HP Instrument BASIC for the First Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Allocating Screen Area for HP Instrument BASIC .... ...... ....

Entering BASIC Statements from the Front Panel Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3

Getting into/out of the EDIT Mode ...................... 10-3

Getting into the EDIT Mode ........................ 10-3

Entering the EDIT Mode from the Keyboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3

Getting Out of the EDIT Mode ...... ...... ..... ...... 10-3

Editing Programs in the EDIT Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Deleting Characters .... ...... ...... ...... ......

Back Space .......... ...... ...... ..... ....

Deleting Characters ...........................

Inserting Characters ........ ...... ...... ...... ..

Moving the Cursor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Scrolling Lines and Pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Scrolling Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Scrolling Pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-4

Jumping from the Current Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-5

Jumping to a Specied Line .......................

Jumping to the Top/Bottom of a Program .................

Inserting/Deleting/Recalling Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Clearing Line ...............................

Renumbering Program Line Numbers ...... ...... ...... ...

10-1

10-2

10-4

10-5

Contents-4

Listing Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-6

Listing on the Screen .... ...... ...... ...... ..... 10-6

Listing to the Printer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-6

Saving Programs (SAVE) .... ...... ...... ...... ..... 10-6

Listing File Names (CAT).... ...... ...... ...... ..... 10-7

Listing to Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-7

Listing to Printer .... ...... ...... ...... ...... . 10-8

Getting Programs (GET) ........................... 10-8

On Key Label Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-8

Pass Control Between the External Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-9

Pass Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-9

To Execute an HP Instrument BASIC Command from the External Controller . 10-10

To Load an Array in an HP Instrument BASIC Program to the External Controller 10-11

Available I/O Interfaces and Select Codes .......... ...... ... 10-11

External RUN/CONTinue Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-11

Graphics .................................. 10-12

HP Instrument BASIC Graphics Commands ................. 10-12

Hard Copies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-13

Initial settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-13

Example of Graphics Programming ..................... 10-13

Drawing a Straight Line .... ...... ...... ...... ...

Drawing a Circle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

The Keyboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Character Entry Keys .. ...... ...... ..... ...... ..

Cursor-Control and Display-Control Keys ........ ...... ....

Numeric Keypad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Editing Keys .. ...... ...... ...... ...... .....

Program Control Keys .... ...... ...... ...... .....

System Control Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Softkeys and Softkey Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Softkey Control Keys ...........................

Softkeys .................................

Softkeys Accessed form

Using

Key in Edit Mode ........ ...... ..... .....

CTRL

Key........ ...... ..... ...

F10

Run Light Indications ...........................

10-13

10-14

10-15

10-16

10-17

BASIC Commands Specic to HP 4291B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-18

DATE................................... 10-18

DATE$ .... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... 10-18

READIO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-18

SET TIME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-19

SET TIMEDATE ..............................

TIME ...................................

TIME$ .. ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..

WRITEIO .................................

10-19

10-20

11. Command Reference

Conventions and Denitions .........................

ABORt .... ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... ..

BLIGHTfOFFjONj0j1g............................ 11-3

CALCulate Subsystem ............................ 11-4

CALCulate:EVALuate Subsystem .. ...... ...... ..... ...

:BAND:FULL[:STATe]fOFFjONj0j1g...... ...... ...... .

:BAND:SPAN DMARker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

:BAND:STARt MARKer .. ...... ...... ..... ......

:BAND:STOP MARKer .... ...... ...... ..... ....

11-1

11-2

11-4

11-5

Contents-5

:COUPlefOFFjONj0j1g......................... 11-5

:EFFect:ONf1j2g............................ 11-5

:EPARameters ............................. 11-6

:EPARameters:CIRCuitfAjBjCjDjEg................... 11-6

:EPARameters:SIMulation .. ...... ...... ...... .... 11-6

:INTerpolatefOFFjONj0j1g....................... 11-6

:MSTatisticsfOFFjONj0j1g...... ...... ...... ...... 11-6

:MSTatistics:DATA? ........................... 11-7

:MSTatistics[:STATe]fOFFjONj0j1g.................... 11-7

:ON[1] \TRf1-21g" .. ...... ...... ...... ..... .. 11-7

:ON2f\OFF"j\ACV"j\ACC"j\DCV"j\DCC"g................ 11-8

:PEAK:EXCursionf<

:PEAK:EXCursion:Xf<

:PEAK:EXCursion[:Y]f<

numeric>j

DMARkerg................ 11-8

DMARkerg...... ..... .... 11-8

DMARkerg.............. 11-9

:PEAK:POLarityfPOSitivejNEGativeg.................. 11-9

:PEAK:THResholdf<

numeric>j

MARKerg................. 11-9

:PEAK:THReshold:STATefOFFjONj0j1g.................. 11-10

:R:FORMatfRIMaginaryjMLIPhasejMLOPhasejRXjGBjSWRPhaseg..... 11-10

:REFerence:DATA? ........................... 11-10

:REFerence:X<numeric>........................ 11-11

:REFerence:Y[1]<numeric

......................

:REFerence:Y2<numeric>.......................

:WIDTh:DATA? .............................

:WIDTh:STATefOFFjONj0j1g...... ...... ..... .....

:WIDTh:XPOSition:IN ...... ...... ...... ...... ..

:WIDTh:XPOSition:OUT .... ...... ...... ...... ...

:WIDTh:YfDIVS2jMULS2jDIV2jFIXed[,<numeric>]g...... .....

:Yf1-8g:DATA? [CH1jCH2] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

:Yf1-8g:VALuef1j2g? [CH1jCH2] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

:Yf1-8g:XPOSition<numeric>......................

:Y[1]:XPOSition:LPEak .........................

:Y[1]:XPOSition:LTARget . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

:Y[1]:XPOSition:MAXimum .. ...... ...... ...... ...

:Y[1]:XPOSition:MINimum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

:Y[1]:XPOSition:NPEak ........ ...... ...... .....

11-11

11-12

11-13

11-14

11-15

:Y[1]:XPOSition:PEAK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-15

:Yf1-8g:XPOSition:POINt<numeric>.................. 11-15

:Y[1]:XPOSition:RPEak ......................... 11-16

:Y[1]:XPOSition:RTARget ........................ 11-16

:Y[1]:XPOSition:TARGet<numeric>...... ...... ..... .. 11-16

:Y[1]:XPOSition:TRACkfMAXimumjMINimumjTARGetjPEAKjOFFg.... 11-16

CALCulate:FORMatfMLINearjPHASejUPHasejREALjIMAGinaryjLFACtor

LTANgentjCPjCSjLPjLSjDjQjRPjRSjCOMPlexg...... ...... ...

11-17

CALCulate:FORMat:UNIT:ANGLefDEGjRADg............... 11-18

CALCulate:LIMit Subsystem ........................

:BEEPerfOFFjONj0j1g.........................

:BEEPer:CONDitionfPASSjFAILg...... ...... ...... ..

:BEEPer[:STATe]fOFFjONj0j1g......................

11-18

:CLEar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-19

:CONTrol:OFFSet<numeric>...... ...... ...... .... 11-19

:LINEfOFFjONj0j1g...... ...... ...... ..... ...

:OFFSetf<

numeric>j

MARKerg.....................

:SAVE .................................

:SEGMent<numeric

...... ...... ..... ...... ..

:SEGMent:ADD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11-19

11-20

11-21

Contents-6

:SEGMent:CONTrol[:DATA]<numeric>...... ...... ..... 11-21

:SEGMent:DELete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-21

:SEGMent:DELTa<numeric>...................... 11-21

:SEGMent:EDIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-22

:SEGMent:LOWer<numeric>...................... 11-22

:SEGMent:MIDDlef<

numeric>j

MARKerg...... ...... .... 11-22

:SEGMent:SAVE............................. 11-22

:SEGMent:UPPer<numeric

...................... 11-23

:STATefOFFjONj0j1g.......................... 11-23

CALCulate:MATH1 Subsystem ...... ...... ...... ..... 11-23

:CATalog? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-23

:DIMension1<numeric>...... ...... ...... ...... 11-24

:DIMension2<numeric(in)>,<numeric(out)>,<numeric(hei)>....... 11-24

[:EXPRession]:CATalog? ......................... 11-24

[:EXPRession]:NAMEfADMjDCOjPERjRCOg............... 11-24

:STATefOFFjONj0j1g.......................... 11-25

CALCulate:MATH2 Subsystem ...... ...... ...... ..... 11-25

[:EXPRession]:CATalog? ......................... 11-25

[:EXPRession]:NAMEfSUBjADDjDIVjMULg...... ...... .... 11-26

:STATefOFFjONj0j1g.......................... 11-26

CENT<numeric>, CHANf1j2g, CLEM, CONT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DATA Subsystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DATA[:DATA]fAOFFjGAINjMZAPg,<numeric>...............

DATA[:DATA] OFFS,f<

DATA[:DATA]<array>,f<

n2>g

.................................

numeric>j

MARKerg.................

block>j<numeric11>,<numeric12>, ... ,<numeric

DATA[:DATA]fEQC0jEQC1jEQL1jEQR1g,<numeric>.............

DATA[:DATA]? LFA ............................

DATA[:DATA]? LLIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DATA[:DATA]? LMAR ...........................

DATA[:DATA]?MEM............................

DATA[:DATA]? SPAR............................

DATA[:DATA]:VALue?fSPARjDATAjMEMjMONg,<numeric>.........

DATA:DEFinefOADMjSIMPjLIMPg,f<

numeric>j

DATAjDTRjTR1g....... 11-31

DATA:DELetefOADMjSIMPjLIMPg.....................

11-27

11-28

11-29

11-30

11-31

DATA:POINt? LFA............................. 11-31

DATMEM .................................. 11-32

DIAGnostic Subsystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-32

DIAGnostic:EREFerence:STATe?............ ...... ..... 11-32

DIAGnostic:FREVision? .......................... 11-32

DIAGnostic:INIT:RESult? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DIAGnostic:SERVice Subsystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DIAGnostic:TEST Subsystem ........................

DFLT, DISPfDATAjMEMOjDATMg......................

11-32

11-33

11-34

DISPlay Subsystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... 11-34

DISPlay:ANNotation:FREQuencyfOFFjONj0j1g............... 11-34

DISPlay:BACKlightfOFFjONj0j1g...... ...... ...... ....

DISPlay:BRIGhtness<numeric>...... ...... ...... ....

11-34

11-35

DISPlay:CMAP Subsystem ......................... 11-36

:COLorf1-14g:DEFault . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-36

:COLorf1-14g:HSL<numeric(Hue)>,<numeric(Sat)>,<numeric(Lum)>... 11-36

:DEFault ................................

:LOAD .................................

:STORe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DISPlay:CONTrast<numeric>.......................

11-37

Contents-7

DISPlay[:WINDow]:ALLocationfINSTrumentjHIHBjBASicjBSTatusg...... 11-37

DISPlay[:WINDow]:FORMatfFBACkjULOWerg............... 11-38

DISPlay[:WINDow]:GRAPhics:STATefOFFjONj0j1g............. 11-38

DISPlay[:WINDow]:TEXTf1-40gSubsystem ...... ...... ..... 11-38

:CLEar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-39

:COLor<numeric>........................... 11-39

[:DATA]<string>...... ...... ...... ...... .... 11-39

:LOCate<numeric(x)>[,<numeric(y)>] ................. 11-40

:PAGEfUPjDOWNj<

numeric>g

..................... 11-40

:STATefOFFjONj0j1g.......................... 11-41

DISPlay[:WINDow]:TRACef1-21gSubsystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-41

:CLEar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-41

:GRATicule:AXIS:COUPlefOFFjONj0j1g.................. 11-42

:GRATicule:FORMatfRECTanglejPOLarjSMIThjADMittancejCPLaneg.... 11-42

:GRATicule:GRID[:STATe]fOFFjONj0j1g.................. 11-43

:MARKer[1]:ALL DEFault . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-43

:MARKer[1]:ALL:STATefOFFjONj0j1g...... ...... ...... 11-43

:MARKer[1]:RELativefOFFjONj0j1g...... ...... ..... .. 11-43

:MARKer[1]:RELative:REFerencefFIXedjMARKerjTRACkedg....... 11-44

:MARKerf2-8g:STATefOFFjONj0j1g................... 11-44

:MARKerf1-8g:UNITfSPARameterjTIMEjIOMegag............

:STATefOFFjONj0j1g..........................

:X[:SCALe]:LEFT<numeric>...... ...... ...... ....

:X[:SCALe]:RIGHt<numeric>......................

:X[:SCALe]:RLEVel<numeric>.....................

:X:SPACingfLINearjLOGarithmicjOBASeg................

:X:UNIT<string

...... ...... ...... ..... ....

:Y[:SCALe]:AUTO ONCE .. ...... ...... ...... ....

:Y[:SCALe]:BOTTom<numeric>.....................

:Y[:SCALe]:COUPlefOFFjONj0j1g....................

:Y[:SCALe]:PDIVision<numeric>...... ...... ...... ..

:Y[:SCALe]:RLEVelf<

numeric>j

MARKerg................

:Y[:SCALe]:RPOSition<numeric>...... ...... ...... ..

:Y[:SCALe]:TOP<numeric>.......................

:Y:SPACingfLOGarithmicjLINearg...... ...... ...... ..

11-45

11-46

11-47

11-48

11-49

11-50

:Y:UNIT<string>...... ...... ...... ..... ..... 11-51

DISSMEMOfOFFjONj0j1g,DUACfOFFjONj0j1g............... 11-52

DPI<numeric>...... ...... ...... ...... ...... . 11-52

DUAMfIMPHjIRIMjAPPHjARIMjLSQjLPQjCSDjCPDjDMPHjDRIMjPMPHjPRIMg. 11-52

FMTfLINYjLOGYjPOLjSMITjADMjCOMPg................... 11-52

FORMat Subsystem .............................

FORMat[:DATA]fASCiijREAL,32jREAL,64jPACKed,32g...........

FREO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

FORMFEEDfOFFjONj0j1g..........................

HCOPy Subsystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

HCOPy ..................................

HCOPy:ABORt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

HCOPy:DEFault ..............................

11-52

11-54

HCOPy:DEVice:CMAP:COLorfFIXedjVARiableg............... 11-55

HCOPy:DEVice:COLorfOFFjONj0j1g...... ...... ...... .. 11-55

HCOPy:DEVice:DPI<numeric>......................

HCOPy:DEVice:FORMFeedfOFFjONj0j1g...... ...... ......

HCOPy:DEVice:LANDScapefOFFjONj0j1g.................

HCOPy:DEVice:LEFTMarg<numeric>...... ...... ..... ..

HCOPy:DEVice:SKEYfOFFjONj0j1g...... ...... ..... ...

11-55

11-56

11-57

Contents-8

HCOPy:DEVice:TOPMarg<numeric>.................... 11-57

HCOPy[:IMMediate] ............................ 11-57

HCOPy:ITEM Subsystem .......................... 11-57

:TDSTamp:STATefOFFjONj0j1g..................... 11-58

HOLD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-59

INITiate Subsystem ...... ...... ...... ..... ...... 11-59

INITiate:CONTinuousfOFFjONj0j1g...... ...... ...... .. 11-59

INITiate[:IMMediate] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-59

INITiate[:IMMediate]:AGAin:ALL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-60

INSTrument Subsystem ........................... 11-61

INSTrumentfCH1jCH2g.......................... 11-61

INSTrument:COUPlefALLjNONEg..................... 11-61

INSTrument:NSELectf1j2g........................ 11-61

INSTrument[:SELect]fCH1jCH2g...... ...... ...... .... 11-62

INSTrument:STATefOFFjONj0j1g...................... 11-62

LANDSCAPEfOFFjONj0j1g, LISDfFBASjOBASg, LMARG<numeric>..... 11-63

MARDCENT, MARDSPAN, MARKfOFFjONj0j1g, MARKCENT, MARKREF

MARKSTAR, MARKSTOP, MARZ ..................... 11-63

MATHfDATAjDMNMjDPLMjDDVMjDMLMg.................. 11-63

MEASfIMAGjIPHjIREjIIMjAMAGjAPHjAREjAIMjRCMjRCPH

RCRjRCIMjDCMjDCPHjDCRjDCIMjPHMAjPPHjPREjPIMjCPjCSjLP

LSjDjQjRPjRSg...... ...... ...... ...... ......

MMEMory Subsystem ............................

MMEMory:CDIRectory [<string>] .....................

MMEMory:COPYf<

string(s)>,<string(m s)>,<string(d)>,<string(m d)>g

MMEMory:CREate:DIRectory<string>...... ...... ...... .

MMEMory:DELete<string(le name)>[,<string(m)>] .... ...... ..

MMEMory:INITialize<string>,fLIFjDOSg...... ..... ...... .

MMEMory:LOAD Subsystem ........................

:STATe<string(le name)>[,<string(m)>] ................

:TRACe SEL,<string(le name)>[,<string(m)>]......... .....

MMEMory:STORe Subsystem ........................

:DINTerchange:TIFF<string(le name)>[,<string(m)>]..... .....

11-63

.. 11-64

11-64

11-65

11-66

:DINTerchange:TRACe SEL,<string(le name)>[,<string(m)>]....... 11-66

:ITEM:TRACe:CATalog? ...... ...... ...... ...... .

11-66

:ITEM:TRACe:DELetefCCOjDATAjDTRjUTRjMEMjMTRjRAWg...... . 11-67

:ITEM:TRACe:SELectfCCOjDATAjDTRjUTRjMEMjMTRjRAWg....... 11-67

:STATe<string(le name)>[,<string(m)>] ................ 11-68

:TRACe SEL,<string(le name)>[,<string(m)>]......... ..... 11-68

NUMG<numeric>............................. 11-69

PROGram Subsystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

PROGram:CATalog? ............................

PROGram[:SELected] Subsystem .... ...... ...... ......

:DEFine<block>...... ...... ...... ...... ....

:DELete[:SELected] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

:DELete:ALL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

:EXECute<string>...........................

:MALLocatef<

numeric>j

DEFaultg...... ...... ...... .

11-69

11-70

11-71

:NAME<string>............................ 11-71

:NUMBer<var>,<numeric1>,<numeric2>, ... ,<numeric n>...... 11-71

:STATefRUNjPAUSejSTOPjCONTinueg...... ..... ...... .

:STRing<var>,<string1>,<string2>, ... ,<string n>...... .....

:WAIT .... ...... ...... ...... ...... .....

PROGram:EXPLicit Subsystem .......... ...... ...... .

:DEFine \PROG",<block

...... ...... ...... .....

11-72

11-73

Contents-9

:DELete \PROG" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-73

:EXECute \PROG",<string>....................... 11-73

:MALLocate \PROG",f<

numeric>j

DEFaultg............... 11-73

:NAME \PROG",<string>........................ 11-73

:NUMBer \PROG",<var>,<numeric1>,<numeric2>, ... ,<numeric n>.. 11-74

:STATe \PROG",fRUNjPAUSejSTOPjCONTinueg...... ...... .. 11-74

:STRing \PROG",<var>,<string1>,<string2>, ... ,<string n

...... 11-74

:WAIT \PROG" ............................. 11-74

PEAKCENT, POIDTIME<numeric>, PRSOFTfOFFjONj0j1g, SELM<numeric>11-75

SAVDSTAC<string>,SAVDTIF<string>, STODfDISKjMEMOg, STORMDISK .. 11-75

SENSe Subsystem .............................. 11-75

SENSe:AVERage1:COUNt<numeric>...... ...... ...... .. 11-75

SENSe:AVERage1[:STATe]fOFFjONj0j1g...... ...... ...... 11-75

SENSe:AVERage2:CLEar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-76

SENSe:AVERage2:COUNt<numeric>...... ...... ...... .. 11-76

SENSe:AVERage2[:STATe]fOFFjONj0j1g...... ...... ...... 11-76

SENSe:CORRection1 Subsystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-76

:CKITfAPC7jUDEFinedg........................ 11-77

:CKIT:LABel<string>......................... 11-77

:CKIT:SAVE............................... 11-77

:CKIT:STANdard1:C<numeric>...... ...... ...... ...

:CKIT:STANdard1:G<numeric>.....................

:CKIT:STANdard2:L<numeric>.....................

:CKIT:STANdard2:R<numeric>...... ...... ...... ...

:CKIT:STANdard3:R<numeric>...... ...... ...... ...

:CKIT:STANdard3:X<numeric>.....................

11-77

11-78

11-79

:COLLect[:ACQuire]fSTANdard1jSTANdard2jSTANdard3jSTANdard4g... 11-79

:COLLect:FPOintsfFIXedjUSERg.....................

:COLLect:SAVE .............................

:EDELay:STATefOFFjONj0j1g......................

:EDELay[:TIME]<numeric>.......................

[:STATe]? ................................

SENSe:CORRection2 Subsystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

:CKIT[1]:LABel<string>...... ...... ..... ...... .

:CKIT[1]:SAVE .... ...... ...... ..... ...... ..

11-79

11-80

11-81

11-82

:CKIT[1]:STANdard1:C<numeric>...... ...... ...... .. 11-82

:CKIT[1]:STANdard1:G<numeric

...... ...... ...... . 11-82

:CKIT[1]:STANdard1[:SELect]fLISTjLPARameterg............ 11-83

:CKIT[1]:STANdard2:L<numeric>.................... 11-83

:CKIT[1]:STANdard2:R<numeric>...... ...... ...... .. 11-83

:CKIT[1]:STANdard2[:SELect]fLISTjLPARameterg............

:CKIT[1]:STANdard3:L<numeric>....................

:CKIT[1]:STANdard3:R<numeric>...... ...... ...... ..

11-83

11-84

:CKIT[1]:STANdard3[:SELect]fLISTjLPARameterg............ 11-84

:CKIT2fTEFLonjUDEFinedg......................

:CKIT2:LABel<string>.........................

:CKIT2:SAVE ..............................

:CKIT2:STANdard6:PREal<numeric>...... ...... ......

11-84

11-85

:CKIT2:STANdard6:PLFactor<numeric>................. 11-85

:CKIT2:STANdard6:THICkness<numeric>...... ...... .... 11-86

:COLLect[:ACQuire] STANdardf1-7g...... ...... ...... .

:COLLect:FPOintsfFIXedjUSERg....................

:COLLect:SAVE.............................

:OPEN[:STATe]fOFFjONj0j1g......................

:SHORt[:STATe]fOFFjONj0j1g......................

11-86

11-87

Contents-10

:LOAD[:STATe]fOFFjONj0j1g...................... 11-87

SENSe:FREQuency Subsystem ....................... 11-88

:CENTerf<

numeric>j

DMARkerjMARKerjTPEakg............. 11-88

:MODEfFIXedjLISTjSWEepg...................... 11-88

:SPANf<

:STARtf<

:STOPf<

numeric>j

DMARkerjMZAPertureg............... 11-89

MARKerg...................... 11-89

SENSe:LIST Subsystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-90

:CLEar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-90

:SAVE ................................. 11-90

:SEGMent<numeric>.......................... 11-90

:SEGMent:ADD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-90

:SEGMent:AVERage:COUNt<numeric>................. 11-90

:SEGMent:CURRent<numeric>...... ...... ...... ... 11-91

:SEGMent:DELete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-91

:SEGMent:EDIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-91

:SEGMent:FREQuency:CENTer<numeric>...... ...... .... 11-91

:SEGMent:FREQuency:SPAN<numeric>...... ...... ..... 11-92

:SEGMent:FREQuency:STARtf<

:SEGMent:FREQuency:STOPf<

numeric>j

MARKerg........... 11-92

:SEGMent:POINts<numeric>......................

:SEGMent:POWer<numeric>......................

:SEGMent:QUIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

:SEGMent:SAVE.............................

:SEGMent:VOLTage<numeric>.....................

SENSe:SWEep:COUNt<numeric>.....................

SENSe:SWEep:DWELlf1j2g<

numeric>...... ...... ...... .

SENSe:SWEep:DWELlf1j2g:AUTOfOFFjONj0j1g..............

SENSe:SWEep:POINts<numeric>.....................

SENSe:SWEep:SPACingfLINearjLOGarithmicg...............

SENSe:SWEep:TIME<numeric>......................

SENSe:SWEep:TIME:AUTOfOFFjONj0j1g..................

SING .......... ...... ...... ..... ...... ...

SOURce Subsystem .............................

SOURce1:FREQuency[:CWj:FIXed]<numeric>...............

SOURce1:fCURRentjPOWerg[:LEVel][:IMMediate][:AMPLitude]<numeric>.. 11-97

SOURce1:SWEep:DIRectionfUPjDOWNg.................. 11-98

SOURce1:SWEep:SPACingfLINearjLOGarithmicg............... 11-98

SOURce1:VOLTage Subsystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-98

:CENTerf<

numeric>j

DMARkerjMARKerjTPEakg...... ...... 11-98

[:LEVel][:IMMediate][:AMPLitude]<numeric>...... ...... ..

:MODEfFIXedjLISTjSWEepg......................

:SPANf<

:STARtf<

:STOPf<

numeric>j

DMARkerjMZAPertureg...............

MARKerg......................

SOURce2:fCURRentjVOLTagegSubsystem ..................

:ALC[:STATe]fOFFjONj0j1g.......................

:CENTerf<

numeric>j

DMARkerjMARKerjTPEakg............. 11-101

11-100

11-101

[:LEVel][:IMMediate][:AMPLitude]<numeric>...... ...... .. 11-101

:LIMit[:AMPlitude]<numeric>...... ...... ...... ... 11-102

:MODEfFIXedjSWEepg...... ...... ...... ...... .

:SPANf<

:STARtf<

numeric>j

DMARkerjMZAPertureg...............

MARKerg......................

:STATefOFFjONj0j1g..........................

:STOPf<

numeric>j

MARKerg......................

11-102

11-103

11-104

11-93

11-94

11-95

11-96

11-97

11-99

Contents-11

SOURce2:SWEep:DIRectionfUPjDOWNg...... ...... ...... 11-104

SOURce2:SWEep:SPACingfLINearjLOGarithmicg............... 11-104

SPAN<numeric>,STAR<numeric>.................... 11-105

STATus Subsystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-105

STATus:INSTrument Subsystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-105

:ENABle<numeric>...... ...... ...... ...... .. 11-105

[:EVENt]? ............................... 11-105

STATus:OPERation Subsystem .. ...... ...... ...... ... 11-106

:CONDition? .............................. 11-106

:ENABle<numeric>...... ...... ...... ...... .. 11-106

[:EVENt]? ............................... 11-106

:NTRansition<numeric>........................ 11-107

:PTRansition<numeric>...... ...... ...... ...... 11-107

STATus:PRESet .. ...... ...... ...... ...... .... 11-107

STATus:QUEStionable Subsystem .... ...... ...... ...... 11-108

:CONDition? .............................. 11-108

:ENABle<numeric>.......................... 11-108

[:EVENt]? ............................... 11-108

STOP<numeric>.............................. 11-109

STYPEfLINjLOGjLISTg, SWEDfUPjDOWNg, SWEDTIME<numeric>,

SWESfFREQjOLEVjDCVjDCIg......................

SYSTem Subsystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SYSTem:BEEPerf1j2g:STATefOFFjONj0j1g.................

SYSTem:COMMunicate:GPIB Subsystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

:CONTroller:ADDRess<numeric>....................

SYSTem:COMMunicate:PARallel Subsystem .................

[:RECeive]:DATA?.... ...... ...... ...... ......

:TRANsmit:DATA<numeric>...... ...... ...... ....

SYSTem:DATE<numeric(year)>,<numeric(month)>,<numeric(day)

.... 11-111

SYSTem:DATE:MODEfMDYjDMYg.....................

SYSTem:ERRor? ..............................

SYSTem:FIXTurefNONEjHP16191jHP16192jHP16193jHP16194jHP16453

HP16454SjHP16454LjUDEFinedg....................

SYSTem:FIXTure:DISTance<numeric>...................

SYSTem:FIXTure:LABel<string

.....................

11-109

11-110

11-111

11-112

SYSTem:FIXTure:SAVE...... ...... ...... ...... ... 11-112

SYSTem:KEY<numeric>...... ...... ...... ..... .. 11-112

SYSTem:KLOCkfOFFjONj0j1g....................... 11-113

SYSTem:PRESet .............................. 11-114

SYSTem:SECurity[:STATe]fONj1g...................... 11-114

SYSTem:TIME<numeric(hour)>,<numeric(min)>,<numeric(sec)>...... 11-114

SYSTem:VERSion? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

TMARG<numeric>...... ...... ...... ...... .....

TRACe Subsystem ..............................

TRACe:COPY TRf2-17g,TR1 ........................

TRACe:COPY TRf18-21g,TRf1-17g...... ...... ...... ...

TRACe[:DATA]<trace>,f<

n2>g

.................................

TRACe[:DATA]fTRXf18-21gjTRYf18-21gg,f<

numeric2>, ... ,<numeric n>g

block>j<numeric11>,<numeric12>, ... ,<numeric

block>j<numeric1>,

...... ...... ...... .. 11-117

TRACe[:DATA]:VALue?<trace>,<numeric>................

TRACe:POINts TRf18-21g[,<numeric>]......... ...... ....

TRIGger Subsystem .............................

TRIGger:EVENt:TYPEfPOINtjSWEepg...................

TRIGger:SLOPefPOSitivejNEGativeg....................

11-115

11-116

11-117

11-118

11-119

Contents-12

TRIGger:SOURcefBUSjEXTernaljINTernaljMANualg...... ...... . 11-119

USKEY ................................... 11-121

Common Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-121

CLS ........ ...... ...... ...... ...... ... 11-121

ESE<numeric>............................. 11-121

ESR? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-121

IDN? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-121

OPC ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... 11-122

OPT? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-122

PCB<numeric>...... ...... ...... ...... ..... 11-122

RST ........ ...... ...... ...... ...... ... 11-123

SRE<numeric>...... ...... ...... ..... ...... 11-123

STB? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-123

TRG ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... 11-123

TST? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-123

WAI .... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... . 11-124

Simple Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-125

BLIGHTfOFFjONj0j1g...... ...... ...... ...... ... 11-125

CENT<numeric>............................. 11-125

CHAN1 .................................. 11-125

CHAN2 ..................................

CLEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

CLOSE ........ ...... ...... ...... ..... ...

CONT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

CWD? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DATMEM .................................

DFLT ...................................

DISPfDATAjMEMOjDATMg........................

DISSMEMOfOFFjONj0j1g...... ...... ..... ...... ..

DPI<numeric>..............................

DUACfOFFjONj0j1g...... ...... ...... ...... ....

11-126

11-127

11-128

DUAMfIMPHjIRIMjAMPHjARIMjLSQjLPQjCSDjCPDjDRLFjDRLTjDLFLT

DMLTjPRLFjPRCLTjPLFLTjPMLTg...... ...... ...... ..

FMTfLINYjLOGYjPOLjSMITjADMjCOMPg...... ...... ......

FNAME?<numeric>...... ...... ..... ...... .....

11-128

11-129

11-130

FNUM? .................................. 11-130

FORMFEEDfOFFjONj0j1g...... ...... ...... ..... .. 11-130

FREO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-130

FSIZE?<string>.............................. 11-131

HOLD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-131

LANDSCAPEfOFFjONj0j1g........................

LMARG<numeric>............................

LISDfFBASjOBASg...... ...... ...... ...... ....

MARDCENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

MARDSPAN................................

MARKfOFFjONj0j1g...........................

MARKCENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

MARKREF ................................

11-131

11-132

11-133

MARKSTAR ................................ 11-133

MARKSTOP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-133

MARZ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

MATHfDATAjDMNMjDPLMjDDVMjDMLMg...... ...... .....

11-133

MEASfIMAGjIPHjIREjIIMjAMAGjAPHjAREjAIMjRCMjRCPHjRCRjRCIM

DCRjDCLFjDCLTjDCMjPREjPLFjPLTjPMAGjCPjCSjLPjLSjDjQjRPjRSg.... 11-134

NUMG<numeric>............................

11-135

Contents-13

PEAKCENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-135

POIDTIME<numeric>........................... 11-135

PRSOFTfOFFjONj0j1g........................... 11-135

READ? .................................. 11-136

ROPEN<string

...... ...... ...... ...... ..... 11-136

RESTMDISK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-137

SAVDSTAC<string>...... ...... ...... ...... .... 11-137

SAVDTIF<string>...... ...... ...... ..... ..... 11-137

SELM<numeric>............................. 11-138

SING ................................... 11-138

SPAN<numeric>............................. 11-138

STAR<numeric>...... ...... ..... ...... ...... 11-138

STODfDISKjMEMOg............................ 11-139

STOP<numeric>...... ...... ...... ...... ..... 11-139

STORMDISK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-139

STYPEfLINjLOGjLISTg.......................... 11-139

SWEDfUPjDOWNg...... ...... ...... ...... .... 11-140

SWEDTIME<numeric>.......................... 11-140

SWESfFREQjOLEVjDCVjDCIg...... ...... ...... ..... 11-140

TMARG<numeric>............................ 11-141

USKEY ..................................

WOPEN<string>[,<numeric>]....... ...... ...... ....

WRITE<block>..............................

A. Manual Changes

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Manual Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Serial Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Change 1 .......... ...... ...... ...... ..... .

11-141

11-142

A-1

A-2

A-3

B. Complex Operation Sub Program

Complex Opearation Sub Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sample Program: Using Complex Operation Sub Program . . . . . . . . . . .

C. HP-IB Command List by Function

Front Panel Key List with Equivalent HP-IB Commands ............ C-2

HP-IB Only Functions and the HP-IB Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-33

D. SCPI Conformance Information

SCPI Version . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1

HP-IB Commands Compatible to SCPI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Simple Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

E. Measurement Parameter Settings Using HP-IB Commands

Messages

Index

B-1

B-2

D-1

D-14

Contents-14

Figures

1-1. HP-IB Device and Address ......................... 1-6

1-2. Program Message Terminators ...... ...... ...... ..... 1-8

1-3. Command Tree and Compound Header Usage ................ 1-12

2-1. Setting Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3

3-1. Simplied Data Processing Flow ...................... 3-1

3-2. Simplied Internal Process of ASCII and Binary Transfer . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7

3-3. IEEE 64-bit oating point format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8

3-4. IEEE 32-bit oating point format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9

3-5. Binary Data Header ............................ 3-9

4-1. General Status Register Model ........ ...... ..... .... 4-1

4-2. Transition Filter and Condition Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

4-3. Status Register Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-4. SRQ Generation Sequence .........................

5-1. Simplied Trigger System .... ...... ...... ...... ...

6-1. I/O Port Pin Assignment ...... ...... ...... ...... ..

6-2. Connecting I/O Port ............................

6-3. Timing Chart ...... ...... ...... ...... ..... ..

7-1. User Trace ........ ...... ...... ..... ...... .

8-1. Example of HP CITIle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8-2. Sample Program : To Observe Printing ...................

10-1. Sample Program : To Transfer the Program to IBASIC (on External Controller) 10-10

10-2. Sample Program : To Load HP Instrument BASIC Program Array (on External

Controller) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-3. Screen Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11-1. Key Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11-2. Fixed length block format .........................

11-113

11-136

11-3. Procedure of executing commands to read/write data ............ 11-137

A-1. Serial Number Plate ...... ...... ...... ...... .... A-2

E-1. Data Formatting Inside HP 4291B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E-1

4-4

4-10

5-2

6-1

6-3

6-4

7-2

8-3

8-5

10-11

10-12

Contents-15

Tables

3-1. Calibration Coecients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

4-1. Status Bit Denitions of the Status Byte Register .............. 4-5

4-2. Status Bit Denitions of the Instrument Event Status Register .... .... 4-6

4-3. Status Bit Denitions of the Standard Event Status Register ...... ... 4-7

4-4. Status Bit Denitions of the Operation Status Register ............ 4-7

7-1. HP-IB Commands for User Trace 1 to 4 .... ...... ...... ... 7-2

A-1. Manual Changes by Serial Number .... ...... ...... ..... A-1

A-2. Manual Changes by Firmware Version . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1

D-1. IEEE 488.2 Common Commands ...................... D-1

D-2. Instrument Control Commands ....................... D-2

D-3. Simple Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-14

E-1. HP-IB Commands Setting Measurement Parameters (1/2) . . . . . . . . . . .

E-2. HP-IB Commands Setting Measurement Parameters (2/2) . . . . . . . . . . .

E-2

E-3

Contents-16

Introduction

How to Use This Manual

This manual introduces HP-IB programming for the HP 4291B. It provides additional

information on how to write programs that might be dicult to understand when using only

the HP-IB Command Reference. It also provides information, techniques, and examples of how

to eectively control HP-IB instruments.

To use this manual eectively, you need one of the following HP-IB controllers:

HP Instrument BASIC. That is an internal HP-IB controller in the HP 4291B.

HP Vectra PC (or IBM compatible PC) with HP BASIC for Windows. An HP 9000 Series 700

(200 or 300) UNIX computer that has BASIC/UX.

This manual helps you to learn how to write programs that control the HP 4291B. T

o help you

learn quickly, many sample modules and programs are provided.

Target Reader

A target reader of this manual is a programmer who wants to control the HP 4291B through

the HP-IB interface.

This manual explains HP-IB programming using HP BASIC. Therefore, you should have some

experience using BASIC. If you have never written a program in B

ASIC, review the applicable

documentation listed at the end of this chapter before starting this manual. This manual does

not require extensive knowledge of BASIC programming.

This manual assumes you understand the operations and features of the HP 4291B. If you

have never operated the HP 4291B, read the

Quick Start Guide

to learn how to operate the

HP 4291B.

What's in This Manual?

The following chapters are provided in this manual:

Chapter 1 \Introduction" provides an introduction to this manual, how to use a sample

program, an HP-IB overview, hardware preparation, and a description of the sample program

disk. This chapter provides important information that is used throughout this manual. You

should read this chapter rst.

Chapter 2 \Setup and Measurement Program" provides HP-IB command basics. It also shows

how to build a measurement program including setups, compensating, triggering, and getting

data. If you want to build an automated measurement program, read this chapter.

Chapter 3 \Data Processing and Transfer" shows the data processing ow and the arrays

of the analyzer, describes how to access an internal data array (including trace data or

calibration data). If you want to get measured trace data from the analyzer

, read this

chapter.

Introduction 1-1

Chapter 4 \Using Status Reporting System" describes the status reporting system of the

analyzer and how to use it. This chapter also describes an SRQ interrupt. If you want to

obtain the analyzer's status using a BASIC program, read this chapter.

Chapter 5 \Using the Trigger System" describes the SCPI trigger system and the procedures

for using several types of sweeps and triggers. Read this chapter to learn how to use single

or multiple sweeps.

Chapter 6 \Using the I/O Port" provides information on how to use the I/O port on the rear

panel. If you want to use the I/O port for communicating with an external instrument (such

as a handler), read this chapter.

Chapter 7 \Using the User Traces" describes how to use a user trace.

Chapter 8 \Programming Miscellaneous" provides information not directly concerned with

measurements, but useful for programming. This includes disk access, controlling Instrument

BASIC, or debugging a program.

Chapter 9 \Facilitating Program Execution and Utilizing Storage Devices" provides

information on how to execute instrument BASIC programs easily, and on strage system

relation to this function.

Chapter 10 \Introducing HP Intrument B

ASIC System" explains how to use HP 4291B's

Instrument BASIC function.

Chapter 11 explains all the HP-IB command functions and their syntax.

Appendix A \Manual Changes" shows revision information for this manual.

Appendix B provides the complex operation subprogram for the instrument B

ASIC which

does not has the complex operation function.

Appendix C lists all the HP-IB commands sorted by function (key label). This list helps you to

nd the commands that are functionally equivalent to the key operations

. Functions that are

only available from HP-IB and corresponding commands are also listed.

Appendix D provides the Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments (SCPI)

conformance information. All commands implemented in the analyzer are listed in this

chapter.

Appendix E helps you to understand about the measurement parameter setting commands by

explaining the theory of the data formatting inside the analyzer.

Error Messages lists all error messages with an explanation for each error.

1-2 Introduction

How to Use the Program Modules

This manual provides many sample program modules that are not in a complete program

style.You can easily understand the module's objective because the program module does

not includes unnecessary code.You can use these modules to build your own program by

combining them.

The program modules are provided in the following style and typeface:

THIS IS A SAMPLE CODE.

As shown in the example above, a module has no line number, no initializing part, and no

This is a comment for a sample code.

END

statement. All these are required for an executable BASIC program.

Building a Working Program Using Program Modules

To make a program that uses sample program modules, perform the following steps:

1. Add an initializing module at the beginning of your program.

2. Arrange the program modules.

3. Add an

The line numbers are added automatically by the B

END

statement on the last line executed by your program.

ASIC editor.

Initializing Module

The initializing module denes a hardware identier as a variable to eliminate the dierence

between Instrument BASIC and HP BASIC. Usually, you can use the same program for

Instrument BASIC and HP BASIC by changing the initializing module. The initializing module

also intializes an HP-IB.

The following are the initializing modules for a program:

ASSIGN @Hp4291 TO 800

Scode=8

ABORT Scode

CLEAR @Hp4291

Assigning HP-IB address to 800.

Assigning interface select code to 8.

Get active control.

Preset the interface.

Module 1-1. Initialize Module for Instrument BASIC

ASSIGN @Hp4291 TO 717

Scode=7

ABORT Scode

CLEAR @Hp4291

Assigning HP-IB address to 717.

Assigning interface select code to 7.

Get active control.

Preset the interface.

Module 1-2. Initialize Module for the External Controller

Each module of this manual assumes that one of the initializing modules exists at the beginning

of the program, and uses the following variables without notice:

800

@Hp4291

Represents the device selector of the HP 4291B.

and

717

is for the external controller.

is for Instrument BASIC

Introduction 1-3

Scode

Example

For example, a complete program using Module 2-2 in Chapter 2 and Instrument BASIC, is

shown below:

10 ASSIGN @Hp4291 TO 800 !

20 Scode=8 ! Module 1-1

30 ABORT Scode !

40 CLEAR @Hp4291 !

50 !

60 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SYST:PRES;:INST CH2" ! Module 2-2

70 !

80 END

Represents the interface select code to which the HP 4291B is connected.8is

for Instrument BASIC and7is for the external controller.

1-4 Introduction

HP-IB Overview

The HP-IB is a general purpose digital interface system that is used to integrate the controller,

measurement instruments, and peripherals into a system. HP-IB is Hewlett-Packard's

implementation of the IEEE 488 Bus.

Controller

The controller is a device that can address an HP-IB device to talk (output data) or listen

(receive data).

The active controller can control the other devices on the bus at that time (when multiple

controllers are connected). Only one controller can be active at a time. The active controller

can pass control to another controller by using the

Only one controller can be a system controller on the same bus. The system controller is

the active controller when the system is turned on. When another controller is the active

controller, the system controller can become the active controller at any time by executing

ABORT

select-code

PASS CONTROL

command.

Introduction 1-5

Device Selector

HP-IB device control is accomplished by sending commands from the active controller. The

active controller can select the target device for the commands by specifying the device

selector.

Figure 1-1. HP-IB Device and Address

Figure 1-1 shows the relationship between the HP-IB address and the device selector

example, the device selector of the printer on HP-IB with an address of \1," is \701" on the

HP-IB.

HP Instrument BASIC is connected in the HP 4291B internally by the internal interface. The

interface select code of the internal interface is \8" to distinguish it from the external select

code of \7."

You can use any address from \00" to \30" to specify the internally connected analyzer from

Instrument BASIC, because only the analyzer is connected on the internal interface

manual uses address \00," thus the device selector is \800."

.For

. This

1-6 Introduction

HP-IB Commands

The analyzer is equipped with the Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus (HP-IB) remote programming

digital interface. The HP-IB is Hewlett-Packard's hardware, software, documentation, and

support for the IEEE 488.1, IEC-625, IEEE 488.2, and JIS-C1901 worldwide standards for

interfacing instruments.

The HP-IB commands implemented in the HP 4291B are divided into the following three

categories: common commands, instrument control commands, and simple commands.

The HP 4291B's HP-IB commands conform to the Standard Commands for Programmable

Instruments (SCPI). SCPI is the new instrument command language for controlling instruments

that goes beyond IEEE 488.2 to address a variety of instrument functions in a standard

manner.

Common Commands

Common commands are dened by the IEEE 488.2 standard. All common commands begin

with an asterisk (3).

For example,

CLS

Instrument Control Commands

Instrument control commands are dened by SCPI, and include all measurement functions

and some general purpose functions. Instrument control commands consist of subsystems.

Each subsystem is a set of commands that roughly corresponds to a functional block inside the

instrument.

Instrument control commands have a hierarchical structure, called a

command tree,

that

consists of several nodes separated by colons.

For example,

CALCulate:EVALuate:BAND:FULL

Simple Commands

Simple commands are analyzer-specic commands that conform to IEEE 488.2. Each simple

command controls some measurement function that is normally programmed by sending

multiple instrument control commands.To reduce the number of program lines and make the

program simpler, these functions can also be executed by using a simple command instead of

the multiple instrument control commands.

Note

All HP-IB commands implemented the analyzer are listed in Chapter 11.

Introduction 1-7

Program Message Syntax

This section explains the construction of program messages.A

program message

is the

message that you send from a computer to an instrument. Program messages consist of

commands combined with appropriate punctuation and program message terminators.

Command Abbreviations

Many instrument control commands have a long and a short form. The short form is obtained

by deleting the lower case letters. The analyzer accepts both forms.

For example, the short form of

(The analyzer does

not

accept anything in between, such as

:INITiateis:INIT

and the long form of it is

:INITIA

:INITIATE

Some commands have a numerical sux. The numerical sux can be omitted, and the

analyzer recognizes that a numerical sux of1is implied in this command.

For example in

DISP:CMAP:COL

DISPlay:CMAP:COLor{1-14}

, it is recognized as

DISP:CMAP:COL1

, the numerical sux is

(the 1 is implied).

{1-14}

. If you send

Upper and Lower Cases

Letter cases (upper and lower) are ignored.

Program Message Terminator

A program message must end with the

program message terminators

Figure 1-2. Program Message Terminators

<^END>

means that End of Identify (EOI) is asserted on the HP-IB interface at the same time

the preceding data byte is sent.

The HP BASIC

OUTPUT

statement automatically sends program message terminators after the

last data byte.

1-8 Introduction

Multiple Messages

To send more than one command in the same message, you must separate them with a

semicolon(;):

SENS:FREQ:STAR 100MAHZ;STOP 1GHZ

For more information, see \Command Tree and Compound Header Usage", later in this chapter.

Query and Response Message Syntax

All commands can be queried except the commands described as \no query" in the command

reference.To send a query message, add?after the last command mnemonic.

SENS:FREQ:STAR?

A query response indicates the current setting of the analyzer. A response message may

contain both commas and semicolons as separators. When a single query command returns

multiple values, a comma is used to separate each data item. When multiple queries are sent

in the same message, the group of data items corresponding to each query are separated by

a semicolon. For example, the ctitious query

QUERY1?;QUERY2?

might return a response

message of:

After the message,

is always sent as a response message terminator.

Parameters

There must be a

example below) and the rst parameter (

between the last command mnemonic (

100MAHZ

, in the example below).

SOUR:FREQ

, in the

SOUR:FREQ 100MAHZ

If you send more than one parameter with a single command, each parameter must be

separated by a comma.

DATA AOFF,2

Each command reference contains information about the parameters available for the

individual commands. There are parameters that are spelled out (for example OFF, ON, \TR1")

or parameters shown as a word enclosed in

is a white space character (ASCII-encoded byte in the range of 00-09, 0B-20

, that represents some value.

(0-9, 11-32 decimal) ) or a series of the white space characters.

Variable Types

The variable parameters used in HP-IB commands are of three types:<numeric>,<string>,

and<block>.

numeric>represents numeric parameters as follows:

100

100.0

1.0E6

100.

1.23,+235

7.89e001

integer

xed decimal point

oating decimal point

fractional digits optional

leading signs allowed

use either E or e in exponentials

digits to the left of the decimal point are optional

Introduction 1-9

The analyzer accepts<numeric>parameters in various formats and responds to a particular

query in a predened and xed format.

The analyzer setting programmed with a numeric parameter can assume a nite number of

values, so the analyzer automatically rounds o the parameter.For example, if you specied

the OSC level as

The<numeric>whose absolute value is less than 1000000 is returned in the xed decimal point format (If

501MV

, it would be rounded o to

500MV

the value is integer, the return format is integer).

The<numeric>whose absolute value is, or more than 1000000 is returned in the oating decimal point

format.

Sux

When a command has a specied sux, the sux multiplier and sux units can be used

with parameters as follows (the sux multiplier must be used with the sux unit):

Parameter Sux Unit Available Multipliers

Frequency

Power

Voltage

Current

Impedance

Admittance

Inductance

Capacitance

Time

Phase

distance

SIE

DEG

RAD

(Hz)

DBM

(dBm)

(Volt)

(Ampere)

OHM

()

(Siemens)

(henry)

(farad)

(second)



(

; default),

(radian)

(meter)

: G ( giga;2109)

: M ( mega;2106)

: k ( kilo;210

: m ( milli;210

:( micro;210

: n ( nano;210

: p ( pico;210

: f ( femto;210

)

Resistance and reactance are the same

Conductance or susceptance are the same

The sux is optional and can be omitted. If you omit it, the analyzer assumes that the

default sux is sent.

string>is a string parameter that contains ASCII characters. A string must begin with a

double quote (ASCII 34 decimal) and end with a double quotation mark. You can include the

quotation mark as part of the string by typing it twice without any characters in between

the quotation marks.Or, you can avoid typing the quotation marks twice by using a single

quotation mark (ASCII 39 decimal).

Example of<string>TITLE

OUTPUT @Meter;"DISP:TEXT10 'TITLE'"

OUTPUT @Meter;"DISP:TEXT10 ""TITLE"""

The quote to mark the beginning and end of the string is called the

using single quote

using double quote

delimiter

. The query

response is the string with double quote delimiters.

block>is typically used to transfer large quantities of related data in binary format.

block>can be sent as the denite length blocks

General form of block parameters:

#<num_digits><num_bytes><data bytes>

1-10 Introduction

The single decimal digit3<num_digits>

<num_bytes>

. The decimal number

species how many digits are contained in

<num_bytes>

species how many data bytes will follow

Example of<block>1234567890

OUTPUT @Meter;"#2101234567890"

(2 means two digits follow, 10 means ten bytes follow.)

Digit is an ASCII-encoded byte in the range of 30-39 (48-57 decimal).

Command Tree and Compound Header Usage

Figure 1-3 presents the instrument control command structure. The top of the command tree is

called the

root.

To reach the low-level nodes, you must specify a particular path (like a DOS

le directory path). Some of the notable aspects of this organization are:

1. The paths through the tree are not all the same length.

2. The number of sub-nodes under a node is not constant.

3. Node names are reused.

After Power ON or after presetting, the current path is set to the root. The path settings are

changed as follows:

Program Message

Terminator

Colon (:)

A program message terminator (see page 1-4) sets the current path to

the root.

When a colon is placed between two command nodes

the current path down one level on the command-tree

, the colon moves

. When the

colon is the rst character of a header, it species that the following

command node is a root-level command.

Semicolon (;)

A semicolon separates two commands in the same message without

changing the current path.

Common command

Common commands, such as

*RST

, are not part of the command tree.

The parser interprets them in the same way, whatever the current

path setting, and they have no eect on the current path.

Simple Command

Simple commands are root-level commands and they have no

sub-node. The current path must be root, before and after the simple

command is parsed.

Figure 1-3 shows examples of how to use the colon and semicolon to navigate eciently

through the command tree.

Introduction 1-11

Figure 1-3. Command Tree and Compound Header Usage

Rsets the current path to the root.

Dmoves the current path down one level.

Ndoes not change the current path.

(1) The leading colon before BB put the parser at the root.

(2) This example works the same as example (1). A leading colon before BB is unnecessary

because BB starts the parser at the root.

(3) The entire path is not given before FF, GG, and HH.

(4) OO 26 and NN:SS 187 are assumed to be prexed by the implied prex of the immediately

previous command, :CC:KK.

(5) The processing of common commands is unaected by any previous compound

commands. Also, the insertion of the common command does not aect the current path.

(6) The current path must be set to the root prior to the simple command (in this example,

CHAN1).

1-12 Introduction

Preparation for Operation

This section describes HP-IB cable connection and address setting for the HP-IB control. You

can choose one of the following two methods to control the analyzer:

Using the Instrument BASIC controller.

Using an external controller.

In both case, you can use the following procedure to prepare the controller and the analyzer:

1. Connect the HP-IB cables.

2. Set the HP-IB Address.

3. Prepare the controller for use

Using Instrument BASIC for Controller

The HP Instrument BASIC system is a BASIC controller that is built in the analyzer.HP

Instrument BASIC is a subset of the HP BASIC.

You can control the HP 4291B internally by using the HP Instrument BASIC. HP Instrument

BASIC has a capability to be a system controller

. The other HP-IB instruments are also

controllable through the HP-IB connector that is located on the rear panel of the HP 4291B.

1. Connecting the HP-IB Cables

A connection between the analyzer and Instrument BASIC is not required because they are

already connected via the internal interface in the analyzer

. See Figure 1-1. However, if any

other HP-IB instruments must be connected, see \Connecting the HP-IB Cables" on the next

page.

2. Setting the HP-IB Address

This is not required because the front panel setting of the HP-IB address does not aect the

internal interface.You can use any address to specify the analyzer via the internal interface as

described in \Device Selector".

3. Preparing Instrument BASIC

To set up Instrument BASIC, perform the following steps:

1. Connect the mini-DIN keyboard to the rear panel connector. (See the

Quick Start Guide

2. Turn the analyzer power on.

3. To allocate the Instrument BASIC output area on the LCD for the

Display

Press

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

DISPLAY ALLOCATION

System

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

IBASIC

NNNNNNNNNNNNNN

EDIT

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

HALF INST HALF BASIC

to open the Instrument BASIC editor.

statement, press

For more information on how to use the Instrument BASIC editor, see Chapter 10.

If you connect the keyboard after turning on the analyzer, press

Preset

to enable key inputs.

Introduction 1-13

Using an External Controller

You can use an external controller to control the analyzer. The analyzer has an HP-IB interface

on the rear panel. Connect the controller and the analyzer using an HP-IB cable.

1. Connecting the HP-IB Cables

Connect the analyzer and external instruments with HP-IB cables. The HP-IB connector is on

the rear panel of the analyzer.

These are the rules for connecting HP-IB cables:

The total number of HP-IB devices is up to 15 instruments.

The total length of all the cables used is up to 20m or 2m for each instrument.

You can connect the HP-IB cables in any conguration (linear, star, or combination), as long as

the above rules are satised.

Note

Do not use a screwdriver when connecting the HP-IB cables. The screwdriver

slots in the lock screws are provided for REMOVAL only.

2. Setting the HP-IB Address

The analyzer has no hardware switch for setting the HP-IB address

.You can only set it by front

panel operation. To change the HP-IB address of the analyzer, perform the following steps:

1. Press

3. Enter the new address by using the numerical keys

Local

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

Press

ADDRESS: 4291

.(Avoid duplication with the HP-IB

address of the external controller.)

4. Press

to complete the operation.

When you want to control another HP 4291B, change the HP-IB address to avoid duplication of

addresses on the same bus.

When the analyzer receives any HP-IB command from an external controller, the

turned on (above the

key) to indicate the analyzer is in the remote mode. In remote

Local

mode, front panel key operation is disabled. To cancel the remote mode, press

Local

Rmt

LED is

3. Preparing HP BASIC

To prepare HP BASIC for operation, see your HP BASIC system manual.

1-14 Introduction

Sample Program Disk

The sample programs (not the program modules) in this manual are included on the furnished

Sample Program Disk

Format.

Loading a Program from Disk

To use a sample program, load it into the Instrument BASIC and then run it.

1. Insert the sample program disk into the internal disk drive that is below the display.

Press

Display

MSI ":INTERNAL"

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

(HP part no. 04291-18020). This disk was formatted with MS-DOS

DISPLAY ALLOCATION

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

BASIC STATUS

4. Type,

The applicable

GET "

lename"4

lename

is printed in front of the sample programs in this manual.

Return

Introduction 1-15

Setup and Measurement Program

This chapter describes a basic measurement program that includes setups, compensating,

triggering, and getting data. This chapter contains the following topics:

Overview of HP-IB Control

Automating the Impedance Measurement Procedure

Sample program: Basic Impedance Measurement Program

Automating the Permittivity Measurement (Option 002 Only)

Automating the Permeability Measurement (Option 002 Only)

Overview of HP-IB Control

Before starting to program, you should know how to send an HP-IB command to the analyzer

This section describes the following items:

Sending HP-IB commands.

Sending a query and reading the response.

If you have experience programming HP-IB instruments, you can skip this section and go to

\Automating the Impedance Measurement Procedure".

Sending HP-IB Commands

HP BASIC and Instrument BASIC use the

OUTPUT

statement to send HP-IB commands that

control HP-IB devices.For example:

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SYSTEM:PRESET"

Module 2-1. Presetting the Analyzer

This line sends the HP-IB command within the double quotes (

device at address

the

key.

Preset

Note

@Hp4291

. This command presets the analyzer. This is equivalent to pressing

The short form of

SYSTem:PRESetisSYST:PRES

SYSTEM:PRESET

) to the HP-IB

. The short form of most

commands is used in this manual. For an explanation and listing of all

commands (including the short form) see the Chapter 11.

You can send multiple commands in a single line by separating each HP-IB command with a

semicolon (;).

Setup and Measurement Program 2-1

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SYST:PRES;:INST CH2"

Sends

SYST:PRES

and

:INST CH2

by single line.

Module 2-2. Sending Multiple Commands in a Line

Reducing Keystrokes by Eliminating Node Repetition

When you are sending multiple consecutive commands from the same subsystem, for example:

SOUR2:VOLT:LEV 100mV

SOUR2:VOLT:STAT ON

You do not have to repeat the entire command string for each command. In place of the above

example, you can send the second command by separating it with a semicolon (;) from the rst

command as shown below:

SOUR2:VOLT:LEV 100mV;STAT ON

This technique helps reduce the number of keystrokes when you are using several commands

from the same subsystem.

Note

SCPI command does not correspond one-to-one to the key operations. Thus,to

achieve the key operation, you must execute multiple commands

. In that case,

the analyzer provides a simple command that is equivalent one-to-one to the

key operation. The simple command, however, is not compatible to the SCPI

command. The correspondence chart of the key operation, SCPI command, and

simple command is printed in the Appendix C.

This manual uses only SCPI commands.

Sending a Query and Reading the Response

There are commands that return a response after being sent. These commands are called

queries. A query has a question mark (?) at the end of the command.

You can retrieve the response by using the

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"INST:SEL?"

ENTER @Hp4291;Ch$

This line queries current channel setting.

This line retrieves the return string.

ENTER

statement as shown below:

Module 2-3. Querying Active Channel Setting

You must retrieve the response into the correct type variable

returns a string (\

CH1

"or\

CH2

"), depending on the current active channel setting. Therefore

the second line retrieves the response into a string type variable (

. In the example above, the query

Ch$

The response data type, numeric or string, for each command is shown in the reference section

of the

HP-IB Command Reference

2-2 Setup and Measurement Program

Automating the Impedance Measurement Procedure

This section describes the sample program modules and equivalent commands for setting up the

analyzer using the following functions:

1. Setting the active channel

2. Setting stimulus.

3. Performing calibration.

4. Setting port extension and electrical length.

5. Performing xture compensation.

6. Setting measurement parameter.

7. Setting display format.

8. Setting dc bias.

9. Triggering a measurement.

10. Setting scale and reference.

11. Getting measured data to controller.

Figure 2-1 shows corresponding settings on the display of the analyzer to the above list.

Figure 2-1. Setting Parameters

1. Setting the Active Channel

To begin setting up the analyzer, specify the active channel rst because this aects all other

settings.

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"INST CH1"

Module 2-4. Setting the Measurement Mode and Active Channel

Sets the active channel to channel 1.

Setup and Measurement Program 2-3

2. Setting Stimulus

The analyzer has four sweep sources. This section provides an example module for the

following settings:

Setting frequency sweep.

Setting OSC level sweep.

Setting dc voltage sweep. (Option 001 only)

Setting dc current sweep. (Option 001 only)

Setting Frequency Sweep Range and Level

To use a frequency sweep source, you must turn o the OSC level sweep, dc voltage sweep, and

dc current sweep.

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SOUR1:VOLT:MODE FIX"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SOUR2:VOLT:MODE FIX"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SOUR2:CURR:MODE FIX"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:FREQ:MODE SWE"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:FREQ:STAR 100MHz;STOP 200MHz"

OSC level sweep is o.

dc voltage sweep is o.

dc current sweep is o.

Frequency sweep is on.

Sets frequency range from 100 to 200 MHz.

Module 2-5. Setting Frequency Sweep

To set the OSC level of the frequency sweep:

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SOUR1:VOLT 400mV"

Sets the OSC level to 400 mV.

Module 2-6. Setting OSC Level

Related HP-IB Commands

You can set the log frequency sweep mode by sending both of the following commands (the

setting changes after both commands are executed):

SENS:SWE:SPAC LOG

DISP:TRAC:X:SPAC LOG

Selects log frequency sweep mode.

Sets the display to log format for x-axis.

To set back to the linear sweep:

SENS:SWE:SPAC LIN

DISP:TRAC:X:SPAC LIN

Selects linear frequency sweep mode.

Sets the display to linear format for x-axis.

Setting OSC Level Sweep

You can sweep by output level. To set an OSC level sweep:

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:FREQ:MODE FIX"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SOUR2:VOLT:MODE FIX"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SOUR2:CURR:MODE FIX"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SOUR1:VOLT:MODE SWE"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SOUR1:VOLT:STAR 0.5V;STOP 20V"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SOUR2:FREQ 100MHz"

Frequency sweep is o.

dc voltage sweep is o.

dc current sweep is o.

OSC level sweep is on.

Sets sweep range from 0.5 V to 20 V

Sets the CW frequency to 100 MHz.

Module 2-7. Setting OSC Level Sweep

2-4 Setup and Measurement Program

Related HP-IB Commands

You can set the log sweep mode for OSC level sweep by sending both of the following

commands (the setting changes after both commands are executed):

SOUR1:SWE:SPAC LOG

DISP:TRAC:X:SPAC LOG

Selects log OSC level sweep.

Sets the display to log format for x-axis.

To set back to the linear sweep:

SOUR1:SWE:SPAC LIN

DISP:TRAC:X:SPAC LIN

Selects linear OSC level sweep mode.

Sets the display to linear format for x-axis.

You can change the sweep direction by using one of the following commands:

SOUR1:SWE:DIR DOWN

SOUR1:SWE:DIR UP

Sets the sweep direction from higher to lower level sweep.

Sets the sweep direction from lower to higher level sweep.

Setting dc Voltage Sweep (Option 001 Only)

You can sweep by the dc bias level:

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:FREQ:MODE FIX"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SOUR1:VOLT:MODE FIX"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SOUR2:CURR:MODE FIX"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SOUR2:VOLT:MODE SWE"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SOUR2:VOLT:STAR 0.5V;STOP 20V"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SOUR2:FREQ 100MHz"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SOUR2:VOLT:STAT ON"

Frequency sweep is o.

OSC level sweep is o.

dc current Sweep is o.

dc voltage sweep is on.

Sets sweep range from 0 V to 20 V.

Sets the CW frequency to 100 MHz.

Turns on dc bias.

Module 2-8. Setting dc Voltage Sweep

Related HP-IB Commands

You can set the log sweep mode for dc bias sweep by sending both of the following

commands (the setting changes after both commands are executed):

SOUR2:SWE:SPAC LOG

DISP:TRAC:X:SPAC LOG

Selects log dc bias level sweep.

Sets the display to log format for x-axis

To set back to the linear sweep:

SOUR2:SWE:SPAC LIN

DISP:TRAC:X:SPAC LIN

Selects linear dc bias sweep mode.

Sets the display to linear format for x-axis.

You can change the sweep direction by using one of the following commands:

SOUR2:SWE:DIR DOWN

SOUR2:SWE:DIR UP

Sets the sweep direction from higher to lower level sweep

Sets the sweep direction from lower to higher level sweep.

Setting dc Current Sweep (Option 001 Only)

To sweep dc current level:

Setup and Measurement Program 2-5

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:FREQ:MODE FIX"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SOUR1:VOLT:MODE FIX"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SOUR2:VOLT:MODE FIX"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SOUR2:CURR:MODE SWE"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SOUR2:CURR:STAR 0A;STOP 100mA"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SOUR2:FREQ 100MHz"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SOUR2:CURR:STAT ON"

Module 2-9. Setting dc Current Sweep

3. Performing Calibration

See \Sample Program: Performing Calibration" in Chapter 4 for the calibration program.

Checking Calibration State

To check if calibration is currently turned on:

Frequency sweep is o.

OSC level sweep is o.

dc voltage sweep is o.

dc current sweep is on.

Sets sweep range from 0 A to 100 mA.

Sets the CW frequency to 100 MHz.

Turns ON the dc bias.

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:CORR1:STAT?"

ENTER @Hp4291;Stat

IF NOT Stat THEN PRINT "Calibration was not performed!"

Module 2-10. Checking Calibration State

Queries the current calibration status.

2-6 Setup and Measurement Program

4. Setting Port Extension and Electrical Length

You have to set the port extension to remove the phase shift error from the test head to the

xture electrode before performing a xture compensation.

When a standard xture of the analyzer is connected, you can set the length by specifying the

xture name as shown below:

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SYST:FIXT HP16191"

Sets the electrical length for the HP 16191A.

Module 2-11. Selecting the Connected Fixture

Related HP-IB Command

To select a dierent xture for the port extension setting:

SYST:FIXT HP16192

SYST:FIXT HP16193

SYST:FIXT UDEF

Set the electrical length for the HP 16192A.

Set the electrical length for the HP 16193A.

Set the electrical length for the user xture. (See below.)

You can also set the port extension by using the following command:

SENS:CORR1:EDEL

value

Set the electrical delay time due to the extension of the

port. [s]

You can dene your own xture as a user xture by entering the electrical length data and

label. The following module denes the HP 16092A xture as a user xture:

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SYST:FIXT:DIST 0.0034"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SYST:FIXT:LAB '16092A'"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SYST:FIXT:SAVE"

Sets the electrical length for the HP 16092A.(0.34cm)

Sets label.

Saves the dened user xture data into SRAM.

Module 2-12. Setting the User Fixture

5. Performing Fixture Compensation

Performing xture compensation eliminates additional error from the test head to the electrode

of xture.

Before performing a xture compensation, you have to note the following things:

Calibration must be performed.

dc bias must be turned o.

Port extension is set if it required.

If user calibration is selected, you must select user compensation. The following module

detects automatically which calibration mode is selected, then sets the user compensation if the

user calibration is selected.

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:CORR1:COLL:FPO?"

ENTER @Hp4291;Cal_stat$

IF Cal_stat$="USER" THEN

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:CORR2:COLL:FPO USER"

Queries current calibration mode is FIXed or USER.

Retrieves a query response.

If user calibration is selected,

sets to the user compensation mode.

END IF

Module 2-13. Checking Calibration Mode (Fixed or User)

Setup and Measurement Program 2-7

You can perform compensation for any combination of OPEN, SHORT, and LOAD. In this

example, OPEN and SHORT compensations are performed by the following steps:

1. Set the interrupt for the completion of the compensation.

2. Perform the OPEN compensation.

3. Wait until the OPEN compensation is completed.

4. Perform the SHORT compensation.

5. Wait until the SHORT compensation is completed.

6. After the compensation sequence is completed, save the correction data.

When you execute the xture compensation, you also have to note that the compensation is a

series of processes that includes triggering, measuring OPEN/SHORT/LOAD, and calculating

the compensation coecients. It takes processing time to complete this sequence.To save the

correction data, the compensation sequence must be completed. To conrm this, you must wait

for the completion of the compensation process.

To verify that compensation processing is complete, you can use the SRQ interrupt method. Bit

8 of the instrument event status register represents the status of the compensation processing.

For detailed information about the SRQ interrupt, see \SRQ and Interrupt" in Chapter 4.

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"TRIG:SOUR INT"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"STAT:INST:ENAB 256"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*SRE 4"

ON INTR Scode GOTO Open_end

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*CLS;*OPC?"

ENTER @Hp4291;Opc

INPUT "Connect OPEN, then [x1]",Dummy$

ENABLE INTR Scode;2

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:CORR2:COLL STAN1"

Wait_open:GOTO Wait_open

Open_end:!

ON INTR Scode GOTO Short_end

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*CLS;*OPC?"

ENTER @Hp4291;Opc

INPUT "Connect SHORT, then [x1]",Dummy$

ENABLE INTR Scode;2

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:CORR2:COLL STAN2"

Wait_short:GOTO Wait_short

Short_end:!

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:CORR2:COLL:SAVE"

Module 2-14. Performing Fixture Compensation (OPEN and SHORT only)

Note

If the dc bias is turned on, you must turn o it before performing the xture

compensation. When in the xture compensation process, dc bias must be

turned o.

Selects internal trigger source.

Sets to generate SRQ on the completion of

the compensation process.

Clears status register, and conrm its

completion.

Pauses program while connection.

Enables SRQ interrupt.

Executes OPEN measurement.

Waits for completion of measurement and calculation.

When completed, the program jumps to this line.

Pauses program while connection.

Completes the compensation and turn on.

2-8 Setup and Measurement Program

6. Setting Measurement Parameter

To set the measurement parameter, perform the following steps:

1. Set the conversion mode setting. (O for the impedance measurement. On for the

admittance or reection coecient measurement.)

2. Select the measurement parameter.

For example, select impedance as a parameter as follows:

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"CALC:MATH:STAT OFF"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"CALC:FORM MLIN"

Selects impedance. (No conversion)

SelectsjZj.

Module 2-15. Setting Measurement Parameter

The measurement parameter, display format, and scale settings are processed after the

measurement. Therefore, you can change these settings after the measurement is triggered.

For example, when you need to measure more than two parameters, trigger once, then change

the parameter from the present one to another parameter.

Related HP-IB Command

Impedance

To select the impedance measurement parameter, execute the following command rst:

CALC:MATH:STAT OFF

Select impedance by turning o the conversion.

Then select the parameter by using one of the following commands:

CALC:FORM MLIN

CALC:FORM REAL

CALC:FORM IMAG

CALC:FORM PHAS

CALC:FORM CP

CALC:FORM CS

CALC:FORM LP

CALC:FORM LS

CALC:FORM D

CALC:FORM Q

CALC:FORM RP

CALC:FORM RS

Impedance,jZ

Resistance,R

Reactance,X

Phase,



Admittance

To select the admittance measurement parameter, execute the following command rst:

CALC:MATH:NAME ADM;STAT ON

Selects admittance.

Then select the parameter by using one of the following commands:

CALC:FORM MLIN

CALC:FORM REAL

CALC:FORM IMAG

CALC:FORM PHAS

Admittance,jY

Conductance,G

Susceptance,B

Phase,



Reection Coecients

To select the reection coecient parameter, execute the following command rst:

CALC:MATH:NAME RCO;STAT ON

Selects reection coecient.

Setup and Measurement Program 2-9

Then select the parameter by using one of the following commands:

CALC:FORM MLIN

CALC:FORM REAL

CALC:FORM IMAG

CALC:FORM PHAS

Reection Coecient,j0

Reection Coecient,j0xj

Reection Coecient,j0yj

Phase,



7. Setting Display Format

To set the display format, perform the following steps:

1. Select the grid to rectangle, Smith, polar, admittance, or complex plane.

2. Select parameter:

a. Select a linear or log scale for the rectangular grid.

b. If you select the Smith, polar, admittance chart, or complex plane, choose the complex

format to include phase information.

The following example sets the format to log format:

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DISP:TRAC1:GRAT:FORM RECT"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DISP:TRAC1:Y:SPAC LOG"

Selects the rectangular grid.

Sets the log scale.

Module 2-16. Setting a Log Format

Related HP-IB Command

You can set the display format by sending the both of the listed commands for each format:

Linear format

DISP:TRAC1:GRAT:FORM RECT

DISP:TRAC1:Y:SPAC LIN

Selects rectangular grid.

Selects linear format.

Log format

DISP:TRAC1:GRAT:FORM RECT

DISP:TRAC1:Y:SPAC LOG

Selects rectangular grid.

Selects log format.

Polar chart

CALC:FORM COMP

DISP:TRAC1:GRAT:FORM POL

Select complex format.

Select polar chart grid.

Smith chart

CALC:FORM COMP

DISP:TRAC1:GRAT:FORM SMIT

Select complex format.

Select Smith chart grid.

Admittance chart

CALC:FORM COMP

DISP:TRAC1:GRAT:FORM ADM

Select complex format.

Select admittance chart grid.

Complex Plane

CALC:FORM COMP

DISP:TRAC1:GRAT:FORM CPL

Select complex.

Select complex plane grid.

2-10 Setup and Measurement Program

8. Setting dc Bias (Option 001 Only)

When you use a frequency sweep or OSC level sweep, you can apply a dc bias to the DUT.

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SOUR2:VOLT:ALC ON"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SOUR2:VOLT:LEV 10V"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SOUR2:CURR:LEV 100mA"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SOUR2:VOLT:STAT ON"

Module 2-17. Setting dc Bias (Voltage)

Related HP-IB Command

To set the dc current instead of dc voltage:

SOUR2:CURR:ALC ON

SOUR2:CURR:LEV 10mA;STAT ON

Selects dc current bias.

Sets dc bias current to 10 mA and turns on.

Selects dc voltage bias.

Sets dc bias voltage to 10 V.

Sets current compliance to 100 mA.

Turns on the dc bias.

Setup and Measurement Program 2-11

9. Triggering a Measurement

To trigger a measurement, perform the following steps:

1. Specify the trigger source.

2. Specify the number of times to sweep.

3. Set up and enable an interrupt. This is needed to wait for sweep completion.

4. Wait while connecting a DUT.

5. Trigger the measurement.

6. Wait until the sweep is completed to synchronize the program with the analyzer.

You may notice that the triggering the measurement is more complex then just sending a

trigger command. The extra steps are required to synchronize the program with the analyzer's

processing.

When you send a trigger command, the analyzer executes the trigger command and starts

sweeping. When the analyzer gets ready to accept the next command, sweeping might not be

nished because sweeping takes time. If you send a measured data query immediately after the

trigger, the retrieved data will be invalid. Therefore, a program should detect the completion

of the sweep before executing the next command. This is similar to the xture compensation

program module.

Use an SRQ interrupt to detect the completion of the sweep as shown in the following example

module:

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"TRIG:SOUR INT"

Selects an internal trigger as source.

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"INIT:CONT OFF"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"ABOR"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:SWE:COUN 1"

ON INTR Scode GOTO Sweep_end

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"STAT:INST:ENAB 1;*SRE 4;"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*CLS;*OPC?"

ENTER @Hp4291;Opc

INPUT "Connect DUT, then [x1]",Dummy$

ENABLE INTR Scode;2

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"INIT"

Waiting:GOTO Waiting

Moves to the wait for trigger state.

Sets a single time sweep.

Sets interrupt branch.

Sets to generate an SRQ at the end of sweep

Clears Status Register.

Conrms the clear operation is completed.

Pauses program while connection.

Enables the interrupt.

Triggers the measurement.

Looping until interrupt occurs.

Sweep_end:!

Module 2-18. Making a Single Sweep Measurement

More trigger information is contained in Chapter 5. The SRQ information is in \SRQ and

Interrupt" in Chapter 4.

Related HP-IB Commands

The following commands set the point averaging factor and delay:

SENS:AVER1:COUN

SENS:SWE:DWEL1

value

;STAT ON

value

;DWEL1:AUTO ON

Sets the point averaging factor.

Sets the point delay time.

2-12 Setup and Measurement Program

10. Setting Scale and Reference

After triggering the measurement, you can change the scale setting to t the trace in a display.

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DISP:TRAC:Y:AUTO ONCE"

Sets optimum scale setting.

Module 2-19. Automatic Scaling

11. Getting Measured Data to the Controller

After a measurement is completed, you probably want to get the measured data. To obtain a

specic point's data, use the marker search function. You can get the data by performing the

following steps:

1. Turn on the marker.

(You must turn on the marker rst to use a marker function.)

2. Move the marker to a specied value.

3. Query the marker value to get the measured data to the controller.

The following example module gets a measured value at the specied frequency from the

analyzer:

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DISP:TRAC:MARK:ALL:STAT ON"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"CALC:EVAL:Y1:XPOS 100MHz"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"CALC:EVAL:Y1:DATA?"

ENTER @Hp4291;Mkr_value,Dummy,Mkr_f

Turns on the marker.

Moves the marker to the specied frequency, 100 MHz.

Queries the measured data at the marker position.

Retrieves the queried marker value to a variable.

Module 2-20. Getting Marker Measurement Data

Related HP-IB Commands

The following commands are also used for controlling the marker

To clear the marker:

DISP:TRAC1:MARK1:ALL DEF

Clears all markers from display.

To use a marker search function:

CALC:EVAL:Y1:XPOS:MAX

CALC:EVAL:Y1:XPOS:MIN

CALC:EVAL:Y1:XPOS:TARG

CALC:EVAL:Y1:XPOS:PEAK

value

Searches for the maximum value.

Searches for the minimum value.

Searches for the target value.

Searches for the peak.

The following commands return a marker value independently of the active channel

setting:

CALC:EVAL:Y1:DATA? {CH1|CH2}

Returns the marker value and its stimulus for channel

1 or 2, respectively.

You can also get the trace data train of the all measurement point instead of only the marker

value by accessing the trace data array. See Chapter 3 for information on the internal data

arrays and how to access them.

Setup and Measurement Program 2-13

Sample Program: Basic Impedance Measurement Program

This section describes a complete setup and measurement program for the analyzer. This

program is built by combining sample modules contained in this chapter. Use this sample

program to learn the ow of a measurement program.

This program performs the following:

Set frequency sweep range from 100 MHz to 200 MHz.

Set xture to HP 16191A.

Perform and set OPEN and SHORT compensation.

Set parameter tojZj.

Triggers a single sweep.

Display readout impedance at 150 MHz on the display.

This sample program assumes that calibration was already performed. See the

the calibration procedure.

This program is included in the

Sample Program Disk

. Its lename is

This program is initialized for Instrument BASIC. The program for the external

controller,

BASIC_E

, is also included in the

Sample Program Disk

100 !**** INITIALIZE: MODULE 1-1 ****

110 ASSIGN @Hp4291 TO 800

120 Scode=8

130 ABORT Scode

140 CLEAR @Hp4291

150 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DISP:ALL HIHB"

160 !

170 !**** CH & MEAS. MODE: MODULE 2-4 ****

180 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:FUNC ""IMP"";"

190 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"INST CH1"

200 !

210 !*** FREQUENCY SWEEP SETUP:MODULE 2-5 ***

220 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:FREQ:MODE SWE"

230 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SOUR1:VOLT:MODE FIX"

240 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SOUR2:VOLT:MODE FIX"

250 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SOUR2:CURR:MODE FIX"

260 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:FREQ:STAR 100MHZ;STOP 200MHZ"

270 !

280 !**** FIXTURE SELECTION : MODULE 2-11 ****

290 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SYST:FIXT HP16191"

300 !

310 !**** FIXTURE COMPENSATION: MODULE 2-14 ****

320 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"TRIG:SOUR INT"

330 !

340 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"STAT:INST:ENAB 256"

350 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*SRE 4"

360 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*CLS;*OPC?"

370 ENTER @Hp4291;Opc

380 !

User's Guide

BASIC

for

2-14 Setup and Measurement Program

390 ON INTR Scode GOTO Open_end

400 INPUT "CONNECT OPEN, THEN [RETURN]",A

410 ENABLE INTR Scode;2

420 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:CORR2:COLL STAN1"

430 Wait_open:GOTO Wait_open

440 Open_end:!

450 !

460 ON INTR Scode GOTO Short_end

470 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*CLS;*OPC?"

480 ENTER @Hp4291;Opc

490 INPUT "CONNECT SHORT, THEN [RETURN]",A

500 ENABLE INTR Scode;2

510 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:CORR2:COLL STAN2"

520 Wait_short:GOTO Wait_short

530 Short_end:!

540 !

550 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:CORR2:COLL:SAVE"

560 !

570 !**** SET |Z| AS parameter: MODULE 2-15 ****

580 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"CALC:MATH:STAT OFF"

590 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"CALC:FORM MLIN"

600 !

610 !**** SET LIN FORMAT: MODULE 2-16 ****

620 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DISP:TRAC1:GRAT:FORM RECT"

630 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DISP:TRAC1:Y:SPAC LIN"

640 !

650 !**** TRIGGER: MODULE 2-18 ****

660 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"TRIG:SOUR INT"

670 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"INIT:CONT OFF"

680 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"ABOR"

690 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:SWE:COUN 1"

700 ON INTR Scode GOTO Sweep_end

710 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"STAT:INST:ENAB 1;*SRE 4"

720 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*CLS;*OPC?"

730 ENTER @Hp4291;Opc

740 INPUT "CONNECT DUT, THEN PRESS [RETURN]",A

750 ENABLE INTR Scode;2

760 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"INIT"

770 Waiting:GOTO Waiting

780 Sweep_end:!

790 !

800 !**** AUTO SCALING: MODULE 2-19 ****

810 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DISP:TRAC:Y:AUTO ONCE"

820 !

830 !**** MARKER FUNCTION: MODULE 2-20 ****

840 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DISP:TRAC:MARK1:ALL:STAT ON"

850 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"CALC:EVAL:Y1:XPOS 150MHZ"

860 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"CALC:EVAL:Y1:DATA?"

870 ENTER @Hp4291;Mkr_value,Dummy,Mkr_f

880 PRINT TABXY(1,1),Mkr_value;"[OHM] ",TABXY(1,2),Mkr_f;"[Hz]"

890 !

900 END

Setup and Measurement Program 2-15

Automating the Permittivity Measurement (Option 002 Only)

When Option 002 (Add Material Measurement Firmware) is installed in the analyzer, you can

measure the permittivity parameters of the materials directly.

As shown below, the permitivity measurement procedure is similar to the impedance

measurement procedure previously described. However, when performing permittivity

measurements, the sample modules shown in bold are dierent from the impedance

measurement procedure. This section describes the sample program modules that are dierent.

You can build a control program by combining the sample program module in this section with

the impedance measurement program.

1. Setting the active channel

2. Setting stimulus

3. Performing calibration

Selecting xture

Performing xture compensation

Setting MUT thickness

Setting measurement parameter

8. Setting display format

9. Setting dc bias

10. Triggering a measurement

11. Setting scale and reference.

12. Getting measured data to controller

4. Selecting Fixture

To make a permittivity measurement, you must select a permittivity xture as shown below:

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SYST:FIXT HP16453"

Selects the HP 16453A.

Module 2-21. Selecting the Connected Fixture

5. Performing Fixture Compensation

In the permittivity measurement, you must perform all OPEN/SHORT/LO

AD compensations

at the permittivity xture electrodes.For the LOAD compensation, the analyzer must know

the LOAD's thickness and permittivity. The permittivity of the LOAD furnished with the HP

16453A dielectric material xture is preset, but the thickness must be entered manually.

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:CORR2:CKIT2:STAN6:THIC 3.01mm"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:CORR2:CKIT2:SAVE"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:CORR2:CKIT2 UDEF"

Setting LOAD thickness.

Storing data into a non-volatile memory.

Selects the dened calibration kit.

Module 2-22. Modifying Permittivity Compensation Kit

The xture compensation procedure is similar to the impedance measurement, the dierence is

that it requires all OPEN/SHORT/LOAD compensations.

2-16 Setup and Measurement Program

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"TRIG:SOUR INT"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"STAT:INST:ENAB 256"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*SRE 4"

ON INTR Scode GOTO Open_end

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*CLS;*OPC?"

ENTER @Hp4291;Opc

INPUT "Set electrode to maximum distance, then [x1]",Dummy$

ENABLE INTR Scode;2

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:CORR2:COLL STAN4"

Wait_open:GOTO Wait_open

Open_end:!

ON INTR Scode GOTO Short_end

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*CLS;*OPC?"

ENTER @Hp4291;Opc

INPUT "Contact Electrodes, then [x1]",Dummy$

ENABLE INTR Scode;2

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:CORR2:COLL STAN5"

Wait_short:GOTO Wait_short

Short_end:!

ON INTR Scode GOTO Load_end

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*CLS;*OPC?"

ENTER @Hp4291;Opc

INPUT "Set Teflon Sheet, then [x1]",Dummy$

ENABLE INTR Scode;2

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:CORR2:COLL STAN6"

Wait_load:GOTO Wait_load

Load_end:!

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:CORR2:COLL:SAVE"

Selects internal trigger source.

Sets to generate SRQ on the comple-

tion of the compensation process.

Clears status register, and conrm

its completion.

Pauses program while setting elec-

trode to maximum distance.

Enables SRQ interrupt.

Executes OPEN measurement.

Waits for completion of measure-

ment and calculation.

When completed, the program jumps

to this line.

Pauses program while inserting

Teon sheet.

Completes the compensation and

turn on.

Module 2-23. Performing Compensation (Permittivity)

6. Setting MUT Thickness

The analyzer uses a thickness of the MUT to calculate the permittivity

.You must enter the

MUT thickness manually before selecting the permittivity as a measurement parameter

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"CALC:MATH1:DIM1 1.5mm"

Sets MUT thickness.

Module 2-24. Setting MUT Thickness

Setup and Measurement Program 2-17

7. Setting Measurement Parameter

To select a permittivity parameter, perform the following steps:

1. Turn the permittivity conversion on.

2. Select the measurement parameter.

For example, select the permittivity as follows:

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"CALC:MATH1:NAME DCO;STAT ON"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"CALC:FORM REAL"

Selects the permittivity conversion.

Selects

"r'.

Module 2-25. Setting Measurement Parameter (Permittivity)

Related HP-IB Commands

Permittivity

To select the permittivity measurement parameter, execute the following command rst:

CALC:MATH:NAME DCO;STAT ON

Selects permittivity.

Then select the parameter by using one of the following commands:

CALC:FORM MLIN

CALC:FORM REAL

CALC:FORM LFAC

CALC:FORM LTAN

Absolute value of complex dielectric constant,j"

Dielectric constant,

Dielectric loss index,

constant)

Dielectric dissipation factor,

' (real part of complex dielectric constant)

'' (imaginary part of complex dielectric

tan(=

)

Cole-Cole Plot

Plotting a trace of

' on X axis and

'' on Y axis is called a Cole-Cole plot that is used to

analyze a evaluation of the hi-polymer materials.To display the Cole-Cole plot, use the

following:

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"CALC:MATH:NAME DCO;STAT ON"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"CALC:FORM MLIN"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"CALC:FORM COMP"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DISP:TRAC1:GRAT:FORM CPL"

Module 2-26. Displaying Cole-Cole Plot

2-18 Setup and Measurement Program

Turns on the dielectric constant conversion.

Selectingj"jis ignored in the complex plane.

Select complex form.

Select complex plane grid for displaying Cole-Cole plot.

Automating the Permeability Measurement (Option 002 Only)

When Option 002 (Add Material Measurement Firmware) is installed in the analyzer, you can

measure the permeability parameters of the magnetic materials directly.

As shown below, the permeability measurement procedure is similar to the impedance

measurement procedure previously described. However, when performing permeability

measurements, the sample modules shown in bold are dierent from the impedance

measurement procedure. This section describes the sample program modules that are dierent.

You can build a control program by combining the sample program module in this section with

the impedance measurement program.

1. Setting the active channel

2. Setting stimulus

3. Performing calibration

Selecting xture

Performing xture compensation

Setting MUT size

Setting measurement parameter

8. Setting display format

9. Setting dc bias

10. Triggering a measurement

11. Setting scale and reference.

12. Getting measured data to controller

4. Selecting Fixture

To make a permeability measurement, you must select a permeability xture as shown below:

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SYST:FIXT HP16454S"

Sets the electrical length for the HP 16454A (Small).

Module 2-27. Selecting the Connected Fixture

Related HP-IB Command

To select other xture, use the following command:

SYST:FIXT HP16454L

Selects HP 16192A (Large).

5. Performing Fixture Compensation

For the permeability measurement, you only have to perform the SHORT compenstaion. You

can set only the spacer without MUT in the magnetic material test xture.

Setup and Measurement Program 2-19

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"TRIG:SOUR INT"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"STAT:INST:ENAB 256"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*SRE 4"

ON INTR Scode GOTO Short_end

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*CLS;*OPC?"

ENTER @Hp4291;Opc

INPUT "Set Spacer w/o MUT, then [x1]",Dummy$

ENABLE INTR Scode;2

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:CORR2:COLL STAN7"

Wait_short:GOTO Wait_short

Short_end:!

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:CORR2:COLL:SAVE"

Module 2-28. Performing Compensation (Permeability)

6. Setting MUT Size

Selects internal trigger source.

Sets to generate SRQ on the completion of the compen-

sation process.

Clears status register, and conrm its completion.

Pauses program while setting SHORT condition.

Enables SRQ interrupt.

Executes SHORT measurement.

Waits for completion of measurement and calculation.

When completed, the program jumps to this line.

Completes the compensation and turn on.

To detarmine the permeability of the MUT

, the analyzer uses the MUT (Material Under the T

est)

eective magnetic path length and eective cross-secrional area. The analyzer calculates these

parameters from an inner length, outer length, and height of the MUT

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"CALC:MATH1:DIM2 4mm,8mm,3mm"

Sets the MUT size. (Inner, Outer, Height)

Module 2-29. Setting MUT Size

7. Setting Measurement Parameter

To select a permeability parameter, perform the following steps:

1. Turn the permeability conversion on.

2. Select the measurement parameter.

For example, select the permeability as follows:

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"CALC:MATH1:NAME PER;STAT ON"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"CALC:FORM MLIN"

Selects the permeability conversion.

Selectsjj.

Module 2-30. Setting Measurement Parameter (Permeability)

Related HP-IB Commands

Permeability

To select the permeability measurement parameter, execute the following command rst:

CALC:MATH:NAME DCO;STAT ON

Selects permeability.

Then select the parameter by using one of the following commands:

CALC:FORM MLIN

CALC:FORM REAL

CALC:FORM LFAC

CALC:FORM LTAN

Absolute value of complex permeability,j

Real part of complex permeability,'

Imaginary part of complex permeability,''

tan(=



)



2-20 Setup and Measurement Program

Data Processing and Transfer

This chapter describes data processing and how to access the internal data arrays.

The following information is covered in this chapter:

Data arrays

Data transfer method

Sample program: compensation data transfer

Data Arrays

The analyzer has data arrays that contain the measurement data, error correction data, and

stimulus data. You can read or write data to these arrays using HP-IB commands

Figure 3-1 shows a simplied diagram of the data processing in the analyzer:

Figure 3-1. Simplied Data Processing Flow

Double lined boxes represents data arrays that hold intermediate or processed data. The

following section describes each of these data arrays

Data Processing and Transfer 3-1

Raw Data Array

The raw data array stores the results of all the preceding data processing operations including

the correction by calibration data. The analyzer measures the voltage and current of a DUT

and converts them to impedance. The raw data array stores this converted impedance value

in a complex form (R and X). When you want to use your own compensation method for a

measurement data, 1) take out the raw data from the raw data array (see module 3-1), 2) apply

your compensation method to the taken out data, 3) enter compensated data into the data

array (module 3-2).

The following example module queries for raw data and retrieves it:

DIM Dat(1:201,1:2)

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DATA? RAW"

Dene NOP22 for receiving complex data.

Query raw data array.

ENTER @Hp4291;Dat(*)

Module 3-1. Getting Raw Data Array

Related HP-IB Commands

The following command is used for setting data to the raw data array:

DATA RAW,

data

Sends data to the raw data array of the active channel.

Data Array

The results of error correction are stored in the data array as a complex form of impedance (R

and X). The error correction process reects the port extension and xture compensation for

the raw data array.

When you want impedance data in a complex format, use this array

The following example module sets data for the data array:

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DATA DATA,";Dat(*)

Sets data to data array.

Module 3-2. Setting Data Array Data

Related HP-IB Commands

The following command is used to query the data array data:

DATA? DATA

Queries data in data array of the active channel.

Data Trace Array

This is the array for the data being displayed. All post processing functions; formatting,

parameter setting, and data math are processed for the impedance data of the data array and

stored in this array. The units of the array readout depend on the current display paramter.

This data is the same data as listed by

Copy

NNNNNNNNNNNNNN

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

LIST VALUES

This data trace array is generally the most useful because it is the same information as that

seen on the display. When you want to use data with a selected parameter unit, use this array

The data trace array data is scalar data unless the Smith chart, polar chart, admittance chart,

or complex plane is selected as the display format. Then the data trace array holds data in a

complex form. Therefore, the imaginary part of the trace data array contains all ''0''.

3-2 Data Processing and Transfer

If the Smith chart, polar chart, admittance chart, or complex plane is selected, the data trace

array data is complex data. Then the array contains complex numbers.

The following example module queries the data trace array and retrieves it:

DIM Dat(1:201,1:2)

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"TRAC? DTR"

ENTER @Hp4291;Dat(*)

Dene NOP22 for receiving complex data.

Query data trace array.

TRAC? outputs scalar data in a complex format. Imaginary part is all 0.

Module 3-3. Getting Data Trace Array

Related HP-IB Commands

The following commands are used for accessing the data trace array:

TRAC? DTR

TRAC? MTR

Outputs data trace array of the active channel.

Outputs memory trace array of the active channel.

Using the following commands, you can access a data trace array without depending on an

active channel setting. These are useful to get data from both channels without altering the

active channel.

TRAC? DTRCH1

TRAC? DTRCH2

Outputs data trace array of channel 1.

Outputs data trace array of channel 2.

Calibration Coecient Array

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

The calibration process accessed by pressing

CALIBRATE MENU

Cal

, measures the calibration

standards and calculates data for the calibration coecients A1,B1, and C1that are stored

into this array. These coecients are used for error correction at the test head. Each array

corresponds to a specic error term in the error model.

The analyzer uses the following equation to calibrate a measured data at the test head port:

Zm0

A12

cal

10Z

Where,

cal

A1,

B1,

For more information about the calibration and error model, see Chapter 11 of the

Manual

Calibrated impedance

Measured impedance

Calibration coecients

Operation

The analyzer uses three dierent sets of the calibration coecients for the measurement range

and oscillator level. The calibration coecients are stored in the following arrays:

Table 3-1. Calibration Coecients

Coecient Normal-vl Range Normal-vh Range Expand Range

CCO11 CCO21 CCO31

CCO12 CCO22 CCO32

CCO13 CCO23 CCO33

Data Processing and Transfer 3-3

All coecients are required for normal operation.

Accessing Arrays

If you want to enter calibration data from the controller to the calibration coecient array, the

analyzer must have previously done the calibration to enable the calibration data. To do this,

perform the following steps:

1. Execute a dummy calibration to validate the correction.

2. Send the new calibration coecients.

Note that the calibration coecients are a complex data.

Related HP-IB Commands

The following command is used for accessing the calibration coecient array:

DATA(?) CCO{11|12|13|21|22|23|31|32|33}

Sets (Outputs) the specied calibration

coecient array data of the active

channel.

Compensation Coecient Array

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

The xture compensation process accessed by pressing

OPEN, SHORT, and/or LOAD and calculates data for compensation coecients A

FIXTURE COMPEN

Cal

, measures the

, and C

3,B3

that are stored into the compensation coecient array. Therefore, the xture compensation

array has three arrays.

The xture compensation coecients,A

, and C3depend on the combination of OPEN,

3,B3

SHORT, and LOAD (ON or OFF for each). The analyzer calculates three coecients using

dierent equations for the combination of OPEN/SHORT/LOAD (on/o). If you change the

combination of OPEN, SHORT,orLOAD (on/o), the analyzer calculates the coecients again

using the measured OPEN, SHORT, and/or LOAD data and sets new A

, and C3coecients

3,B3

into the compensation coecient arrays.

The analyzer uses the following equation to compensate calibrated data after port extension:

comp

port

10Z

port

Where,

comp

port

A3,

For more information on how the data is used to compensate for errors

Manual

Compensated impedance

Impedance after corrected a port extension to the calibration data

Compensation coecients

, see the

Operation

Accessing Arrays

If you want to use custom compensation data by sending correction data to the xture

compensation array from the controller, you have to turn on the xture compensation

by performing the xture compensation process. The

CMP

(or

Cmp

) notation shows that

compensation is activated. To do this, perform the following steps:

1. Execute a dummy compensation either OPEN, SHORT,orLOAD to turn on it.

2. Set new compensation data.

Note that the xture compensation coecients are complex data.

3-4 Data Processing and Transfer

Note

After setting a new compensation data, do not change the compensation

settings, stimulus setting, or test head setting. Otherwise the analyzer

recalculates the xture compensation coecients and overwrites the arrays.

Related HP-IB Commands

The following commands are used for accessing the compensation data arrays:

DATA? CMP{1|2|3}

DATA CMP{1|2|3},

data

Outputs coecients A3,B3, and C3data, respectively.

Enters coecients A3,B3, and C3data, respectively into the

xture compensation array.

Monitor Array

The monitor array stores a level monitor value for all measurement points. The monitored level

data is stored when the level monitor function is turned on and has executed a sweep.

This array is read-only.

To get the level monitor data:

DIM Monitor(1:201)

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"CALC:EVAL:ON2 'ACV'"

Denes NOP size array for receiving data.

Turning on the level monitor,\AC-V".

: Insert Module 2-18 here.

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DATA? MON"

Queries stimulus array.

ENTER @Hp4291;Monitor(*)

Module 3-4. Getting Level Monitor Data

Related HP-IB Commands

The following commands are used for accessing the level monitor data array

CALC:EVAL:ON2 "ACC"

CALC:EVAL:ON2 "DCV"

CALC:EVAL:ON2 "DCC"

CALC:EVAL:ON2 "OFF"

Monitors ac current level.

Monitors dc voltage level.

Monitors dc current level.

Turn o the level monitor.

Stimulus Array

The stimulus array contains the stimulus (x-axis) value for all displayed points.

DIM Stim(1:201)

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DATA? SPAR"

Dene NOP size array for receiving data.

Query stimulus array.

ENTER @Hp4291;Stim(*)

Module 3-5. Getting Stimulus Array

Data Processing and Transfer 3-5

Arrays for Memory Trace

When you store the trace data into the trace memory by sending the

command or by pressing

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

DATA

MEMORY

, the data array data is stored into the memory array.

TRAC:COPY TR2,TR1

Memory array data passes through the formatting process, and then is stored into the memory

trace array that is being displayed on the LCD. See Figure 3-1.

You can display up to 16 memory traces at a time for each channel. The front-panel operation

for the memory trace is changed to the single memory trace activated by pressing

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

DEFINE TRACE

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

SELECT MEMORY NO

Display

Besides the 16-trace limitation, the number of traces that can be stored into trace memory

at one time depends on the capacity of the system memory and the number of points

in the traces. The analyzer always reserves memory for 3 traces (up to 801 points).

The remaining memory is shared with the Instrument BASIC graphics.To maximize the

memory area for memory traces, disable the Instrument BASIC graphics by toggling

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

DISPLAY ALLOCATION

command:

DISP:GRAP:STAT OFF

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

GRAPHICS: BASIC DRAM

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

ALL MEMORY TRACE

or sending the HP-IB

Display

Accessing Memory Array

You can only read data for the memory array that is activated. The memory array is read only

The following example module reads data from the memory array:

DIM Dat(1:201,1:2)

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DATA? MEM"

ENTER @Hp4291;Dat(*)

Queries an activated memory array.

Receives the query response.

Module 3-6. Getting Memory Array Data

Accessing Memory Trace Array

You can read or write memory trace array data. The following example module sets data for

the memory trace array.You have to execute a trace-to-memory store procedure before setting

a memory to display:

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"TRAC:COPY TR2,TR1"

Store trace data into trace memory to allocate a memory trace

area.

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"TRAC TR2,";Dat(*)

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DISP:TRAC2:STAT ON"

Sets data into memory trace 1.

Display a memory trace 1.

Module 3-7. Setting Memory Trace Array Data

Related HP-IB Commands

The following commands are used to query a contents of the memory trace array:

TRAC? TR{2-17}

TRAC? TR{2-17}CH{1-2}

Reads the memory trace of the active channel.

Reads the memory trace of the specied channel without

changing the active channel.

3-6 Data Processing and Transfer

Data Transfer Methods

This section describes the data transfer methods. When you get or send the data array's data,

there are two methods for data transfer: ASCII and binary.

Figure 3-2. Simplied Internal Process of ASCII and Binary Transfer

Because the ASCII transfer passes through the formatted process, the program does not care

about the data format. On the other hand, the binary transfer directly passes the data, but you

have to indicate what data is transferred using the data header. The binary transfer is faster

than the ASCII transfer.

ASCII Transfer

The ASCII format transfer is the easiest way to transfer array data between the analyzer and

the controller.You do not have to worry about the data format because the analyzer and the

controller automatically handles the formatting of the transferred data in this format. You can

just send or retrieve array data by using the

The ASCII transfer format is sent as a 14-character (data) or 22-character (stimulus) string for

each data point. This string includes a digit, sign or decimal point. Therefore, the data length

of 201 points of complex data is 6030 bytes. (Including data delimiter \LF" for each data.)

To retrieve data from the analyzer using the ASCII format transfer

used:

1. Dene a data array that is the same size as the data to be retrieved.

OUTPUT

and

ENTER

statements.

, the following procedure is

Data Processing and Transfer 3-7

2. Specify the data transfer format is ASCII.

3. Send the data query command.

4. Retrieve the data.

DIM Dat(1:201,1:2)

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"FORM:DATA ASC"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"TRAC? DTR"

ENTER @Hp4291;Dat(*)

Dene the data array for receiving.

Specify the ASCII format.

Query the data trace.

Retrieve the data.

Module 3-8. Retrieving Data from the Analyzer Using ASCII Transfer

Sending data to the analyzer is easy, just specify a format, then send the data:

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"FORM:DATA ASC"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"TRAC DTR,";Dat(*)

Specify the ASCII format.

Send command and data.

Module 3-9. Sending Data to Analyzer by ASCII Transfer

Binary Transfer

For a faster data transfer, use the binary format. There are three formats for binary transfer

The following list shows the data format that the analyzer outputs when you query the data:

IEEE 64-bit Floating Point Format

Figure 3-3 shows the data transfer format of IEEE 64-bit oating point format. Data is

stored internally in the 200/300 series computer with the IEEE 64-bit oating point format,

eliminating the need for any reformatting by the computer

. In this mode, each number takes

8 bytes.

Figure 3-3. IEEE 64-bit oating point format

IEEE 32-bit Floating Point Format

Figure 3-4 shows the data transfer format scheme. In this mode, each data point is 4 bytes.

The dierence from the 64-bit format is a signicant digit. The 64-bit format has double the

precision of this format.

3-8 Data Processing and Transfer

Figure 3-4. IEEE 32-bit oating point format

MS-DOS Format

This mode is a modication of the IEEE 32-bit oating point format with the byte order

reversed. The MS-DOS format also has a four-byte header that must be read to maintain the

data order. In this mode, a PC can store the data internally without reformatting it.

Data Header

As shown in Figure 3-3 and Figure 3-4, the data header always precedes the data itself in

binary format transfer. When you use a binary transfer, you must handle the data header with

the data body.

When you query data in binary format, the analyzer outputs a xed length (8 byte) data

header.You can handle the data header as 8-byte strings for this purpose

When you send the data to data array using binary transfer

for the data you send. The data header indicates the size of the transferred data. The data

header consists of the following three parts: sharp, Number of byte of \Data Size", and data

size.

Figure 3-5. Binary Data Header

For example, the data size of 201 points of complex data in the 64-bit format is 3216 byte

(=2012228). The \3216" is 4 digit (4 byte) number. Thus, the data header is \#43216". The

queried data header that is generated from the analyzer is a xed length header of 8 bytes that

is obtained by adding \0" before \Data Size". For example, the data header above becomes

\#6003216" as an 8-byte string. You can use either type of header to send data to the array

, you must prepare the data header

Data Processing and Transfer 3-9

Getting Data from Analyzer

To get a data from the analyzer using a binary transfer method, the following procedure is

used:

1. Assign a binary data path. (Specifying format o.)

2. Specify the data transfer format as binary.

3. Dene a data array that is the same size as the data that will be retrieved.

4. Send the data query command.

5. Retrieve the data header.

6. Retrieve the data.

7. Retrieve the terminator.

8. Set the transfer format to ASCII mode if binary transfer is nished.

The binary data is sent in a mixed format of an ASCII header and a binary data body as shown

in Figure 3-3 and Figure 3-4. To retrieve data correctly, you must retrieve the data header and

data itself independently.

The following is a sample module for receiving data using the IEEE 64-bit format:

ASSIGN @Dt TO 800;FORMAT OFF

Binary path must turn o the formatting. Use

for the external controller.

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"FORM:DATA REAL,64"

DIM Dat(1:201,1:2)

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"TRAC? DTR"

ENTER @Hp4291 USING "#,8A";Header$

ENTER @Dt;Dat(*)

ENTER @Hp4291;End$

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"FORM:DATA ASC"

Specify the format as IEEE 64-bit format.

Assume that the receiving data size is 20122.

Query the data trace array.

Data header is 8 byte character.

Receiving data via binary path.

Reading terminator.

Set ASCII mode if binary transfer is nished.

Module 3-10. Getting Data from Analyzer Using Binary Transfer

The procedure for sending data is similar to the receiving procedure:

ASSIGN @Dt TO 800;FORMAT OFF

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"FORM:DATA REAL,64"

Header$="#43216"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"TRAC DTR,";Header$;

Binary path must turn o the formatting.

Specify the format as IEEE 64-bit format.

Data header shows the data size is 3216 byte.

Send an array access command with a data header.DoNOT

forget last semicolon.

OUTPUT @Dt;Dat(*),END

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"FORM:DATA ASC"

Send

Dat(*)

contents and terminator.

Set ASCII mode if binary transfer is nished.

Module 3-11. Sending Data to Analyze Using Binary Transfer

Related HP-IB Commands

717

instead of

800

The following commands are used to specify the data transfer format.

FORM:DATA REAL,64

FORM:DATA REAL,32

FORM:DATA PACK,32

Selects IEEE 64-bit oating point format.

Selects IEEE 32-bit oating point format.

Selects MS-DOS format.

3-10 Data Processing and Transfer

Sample Programs: Compensation Data Transfer

The following programs allow you to store xture compensation data to the disk and load it

back into the analyzer. The

CMP_STOR

command stores the compensation data. The

CMP_LOAD

command loads the stored compensation data into the analyzer. These programs access the

xture compensation array by using a binary transfer method.

Storing Compensation Data to Disk (CMP STOR)

This program queries the xture's three compensation arrays and enter them into one array

variable,

Cmp_data.Cmp_data

has 20126 dimension to store three sets of the compensation

array data. This program uses a 64-bit binary transfer format to send and retrieve data to

speed up the transfer speed. See lines 660 to 800.

CMP_STOR

has a xture compensation routine that appears in chapter 2 (lines 340 to 620). This

is an OPEN, SHORT, and LOAD version of program module 2-12. This program uses a common

subroutine for detecting the end of the compensation process for each standard measurement

to reduce program size. See

This program is included in the sample program disk. Its lename is

Compen:!

line for the compensation end detection subroutine.

CMP_STOR

This program is initialized for Instrument BASIC. The program for the external

controller,

CMPSTOR_E

, is also included in the

Sample Program Disk

100 !**** INITIALIZE: MODULE 1-1 ****

110 ASSIGN @Hp4291 TO 800

120 ASSIGN @Dt TO 800;FORMAT OFF

130 Scode=8

140 ABORT Scode

150 CLEAR @Hp4291

160 !

170 !***** VARIABLE DECLARATIONS ******

180 DIM Cmp$[50]

190 DIM Cmp1(1:201,1:2)

200 DIM Cmp2(1:201,1:2)

210 DIM Cmp3(1:201,1:2)

220 Nop=201

230 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:SWE:POIN ";Nop

240 !

250 !***** CAL CHECK: MODULE 2-10 *****

260 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:CORR1:STAT?"

270 ENTER @Hp4291;Stat

280 IF NOT Stat THEN

290 DISP "CALIBRATION REQUIRED!"

300 STOP

310 END IF

320 !

330 !******* Fixture Compensation *******

340 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"STAT:INST:ENAB 256"

350 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*SRE 4"

360 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"TRIG:SOUR INT"

370 ON INTR Scode GOTO Open_end

380 Cmp$="SENS:CORR2:COLL STAN1"

Data Processing and Transfer 3-11

390 INPUT "CONNECT OPEN, THEN [RETURN]",Ans$

400 GOTO Compen

410 Open_end:!

420 ON INTR Scode GOTO Short_end

430 Cmp$="SENS:CORR2:COLL STAN2"

440 INPUT "CONNECT SHORT, THEN [RETURN]",Ans$

450 GOTO Compen

460 Short_end:!

470 ON INTR Scode GOTO Load_end

480 Cmp$="SENS:CORR2:COLL STAN3"

490 INPUT "CONNECT LOAD, THEN [RETURN]",Ans$

500 GOTO Compen

510 Load_end:!

520 !

530 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:CORR2:COLL:SAVE"

540 !

550 GOTO Skip

560 !

570 Compen:!

580 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*CLS;*OPC?"

590 ENTER @Hp4291;Opc

600 ENABLE INTR Scode;2

610 OUTPUT @Hp4291;Cmp$

620 Waiting:GOTO Waiting

630 !

640 Skip:!

650 !

660 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"FORM:DATA REAL,64"

670 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DATA? CMP1"

680 ENTER @Hp4291 USING "#,8A";Header$

690 ENTER @Dt;Cmp1(*)

700 ENTER @Hp4291;End$

710 !

720 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DATA? CMP2"

730 ENTER @Hp4291 USING "#,8A";Header$

740 ENTER @Dt;Cmp2(*)

750 ENTER @Hp4291;End$

760 !

770 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DATA? CMP3"

780 ENTER @Hp4291 USING "#,8A";Header$

790 ENTER @Dt;Cmp3(*)

800 ENTER @Hp4291;End$

810 !

820 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"FORM:DATA ASC"

830 !

840 !**** DATA SAVE TO FILE ****

850 INPUT "ENTER FILE NAME TO SAVE",File$

860 CREATE File$,Nop*3*2*8

870 ASSIGN @File TO File$;FORMAT OFF

880 OUTPUT @File;Cmp1(*),Cmp2(*),Cmp3(*)

890 ASSIGN @File TO *

900 !

910 END

3-12 Data Processing and Transfer

Loading Compensation Data from Disk (CMP LOAD)

This program loads the xture compensation data that is saved by

CMP_STOR

program and

enables it.

To enable the compensation data, the OPEN, SHORT, and LOAD correction must be turned on.

You cannot turn them on without performing a xture compensation process. Therefore, this

program performs a dummy xture compensation process in lines 320 to 420.

After turning on the corrections, the program loads the xture compensation data from the

disk to the xture compensation data array. The program uses a 64-bit binary transfer to send

data from the controller to the analyzer. See lines 520 to 600.

This program is included in the sample program disk. Its lename is

CMP_LOAD

This program is initialized for Instrument BASIC. The program for the external

controller,

CMPLOAD_E

, is also included in the

Sample Program Disk

100 !**** INITIALIZE: MODULE 1-1 ****

110 ASSIGN @Hp4291 TO 800

120 ASSIGN @Dt TO 800;FORMAT OFF

130 Scode=8

140 ABORT Scode

150 CLEAR @Hp4291

160 !

170 !***** VARIABLE DECLARATION ******

180 DIM Cmp1(1:201,1:2)

190 DIM Cmp2(1:201,1:2)

200 DIM Cmp3(1:201,1:2)

210 Nop=201

220 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:SWE:POIN ";Nop

230 !

240 !***** CAL CHECK: MODULE 2-10 *****

250 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:CORR1:STAT?"

260 ENTER @Hp4291;Stat

270 IF NOT Stat THEN

280 DISP "CALIBRATION REQUIRED!"

290 STOP

300 END IF

310 !

320 !******* Dummy Compensation *******

330 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"STAT:INST:ENAB 256"

340 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*SRE 4"

350 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"TRIG:SOUR INT"

360 ON INTR Scode GOTO Open_end

370 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*CLS;*OPC?"

380 ENTER @Hp4291;Opc

390 ENABLE INTR Scode;2

400 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:CORR2:COLL STAN1"

410 Waiting:GOTO Waiting

420 Open_end:!

430 !

440 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:CORR2:COLL:SAVE"

450 !

Data Processing and Transfer 3-13

460 !****** COMPEN DATA INPUT **********

470 INPUT "ENTER COMPEN DATA FILE NAME",File$

480 ASSIGN @File TO File$

490 ENTER @File;Cmp1(*),Cmp2(*),Cmp3(*)

500 ASSIGN @File TO *

510 !

520 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"FORM:DATA REAL,64"

530 Header$="#43216"

540 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DATA CMP1,";Header$;

550 OUTPUT @Dt;Cmp1(*),END

560 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DATA CMP2,";Header$;

570 OUTPUT @Dt;Cmp2(*),END

580 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DATA CMP3,";Header$;

590 OUTPUT @Dt;Cmp3(*),END

600 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"FORM:DATA ASC"

610 !

620 END

3-14 Data Processing and Transfer

Using Status Reporting System

The analyzer has status registers that report system conditions. The register contents are

changed depending on the particular condition of the analyzer. By reading this register, you

can determine the specic analyzer status.

This chapter provides the following information:

General status register model.

Status register structure.

How to use status register in a program.

Sample program: performing calibration

General Status Register Model

The analyzer has a status reporting system to report the condition of the analyzer

Figure 4-1. General Status Register Model

The status reporting system has a hierarchical structure as shown in Figure 4-1. When the

analyzer condition satises the particuler condition, the corresponding bit of the event register

is set TRUE. Therefore, you can check the analyzer condition by reading the event register.

When the event register bit is set to TRUE, and corresponding enable register bit is also TRUE,

the summary bit of the status byte register is set to TRUE. Y

by using the serial poll.

ou can read the status byte register

Using Status Reporting System 4-1

If the corresponding bit of the service request enable register is TRUE, the service request

(SRQ) is generated with the positive transition of the status byte register bit. By generating the

SRQ, you can notify the controller that the analyzer is requesting service.You can program

for an interruption request by the SRQ. See \SRQ and Interrupt" for more details about the

program requirements.

Event Register

Reects the correspondent analyzer condition as a bit status. These bits monitor the changing

analyzer state continuously and change the bits status as required.

You cannot change bit status by HP-IB command.

The analyzer has the following event registers:

Instrument Event Status Register (see Table 4-2 for details).

Standard Event Status Register (see Table 4-3).

Operation Status Event Register (see Table 4-4).

Enable Register

The enable register selects which event register bits can set the bit in the summary bit of the

status byte register that is connected to SRQ generation. The register bits work like mask

bits. When you want to set a bit in the status byte register by a specic register condition,

set the corresponding enable register to 1. This sets a 1 bit in the status byte register with a

corresponding event register bit.

Use this register to select which event register bits generate the SRQ.

All event registers have a corresponding enable register for each bit.

Status Byte Register

If enabled event register is set to 1, the corresponding bit of the status byte register is set to 1.

This register also indicates the output queue and SRQ status

The value of the status byte register can be read by using the

by the controller.

SPOLL

reads the status byte register value directly without being set the

SPOLL

statement or

*STB?

query

analyzer to remote. Therefore, you can continue to operate front panel keys while a controller

is reading the status byte register. On the other hand, the

*STB?

query sets the analyzer to

remote mode. Reading the status byte register by either command does not aect the contents

of the status byte register, except for the

SPOLL

clears RQS bit. Table 4-1 lists the contents of

the status byte register.

A serial poll initiated by using the

RQS bit. The

*STB?

command reads bit 6 as the MSS bit.

SPOLL

command reads bit 6 of the status byte register asthe

SRQ (Service Request) can be generated the status byte register by setting the service request

enable register.For more information about SRQ, see \SRQ and Interrupt" in this chapter.

4-2 Using Status Reporting System

Transition Filter and Condition Register

The transition lter allows to select which transitions of the analyzer condition to set a bit in

the event register.

When the status register has a transition lter, there is a lower register called a condition

condition register. The transition lter enables you to select a positive and/or negative

transition of the condition register bit to set a bit in the corresponding event register.For

example, if you set the negative transition lter, 1 is set in the event register by changing 1 to 0

in the event register.

Figure 4-2. Transition Filter and Condition Register

For the HP 4291B, only \Program Running" bit of the operation status register has a transition

lter. (See Figure 4-3.) By using the transition lter

start or the end of the program execution. See \Determining Instrument B

State" in Chapter 8 for an example program using the transition lter.

, you can generate an SRQ either at the

ASIC Execution

Using Status Reporting System 4-3

Status Register Structure

The status register has a hierarchical structure. The status byte register summarizes the low

level registers. This section shows the status register structure of the analyzer (Figure 4-3) and

describes each bit of the status registers from Table 4-1 to Table 4-4 .

4-4 Using Status Reporting System

Figure 4-3. Status Register Structure

Table 4-1. Status Bit Denitions of the Status Byte Register

Bit Name Description

2 Instrument Event

Status Register

One of the enabled bits in Instrument Event Status Register

has been set.

Summary Bit

3 Questionable Status

The analyzer has no operation to report the event to the

Questionable Status Register group. This register is available

to maintain consistency with other SCPI compatible devices.

4 MAV (Message

Available)

5 Standard Event Status

An information has been prepared to be output, but it has

not been read yet.

One of the enabled bits in the Standard Event Status

6 RQS The analyzer generated an SRQ. When reading the status

byte register by

SPOLL

, bit 6 is RQS bit.

MSS The analyzer has at least one TRUE bit in the status byte

6 is MSS bit.

7 Operation Status

A status bit is cleared when

One of the enabled bits in the Operation Status Register has

been set.

*CLS

command is executed.

*STB?

, bit

Using Status Reporting System 4-5

Table 4-2.

Status Bit Denitions of the Instrument Event Status Register

Bit Name Description

0 Single or Number of

Groups Sweep

A single sweep or group has been completed since the last

read of the register.

Complete

1 Service Routine

Waiting or Manual

Trigger Waiting

1. An internal service routine has completed an operation or

is waiting for an operator response.

2. The analyzer has set the manual trigger mode and is

waiting for a manual trigger.

2 Data Entry Complete A terminator key has been pressed.

3 Limit Failed, Ch 2 Limit test failed on channel 2.

4 Limit Failed, Ch 1 Limit test failed on channel 1.

5 Search Failed, Ch 2 A marker search was executed on channel 2, but the target

value was not found.

6 Search Failed, Ch 1 A marker search was executed on channel 1, but the target

value was not found.

7 Point Measurement

Complete

8 Calibration or

Compensation

Complete

One measurement point of a sweep has been completed.

The analyzer completed a calibration or compensation

process including a measurement and a calculation for the

coecients, and ready to perform next process.

This bit is set only when both related bits of the service request enable register and the instrument event status

enable register are enabled.

4-6 Using Status Reporting System

Table 4-3. Status Bit Denitions of the Standard Event Status Register

Bit Name Description

0 Operation Complete The analyzer has completed all pending operations and is

ready to accept new commands. This bit is generated only in

response to the

*OPC

command.

1 Request Control The analyzer requires control of HP-IB to proceed the

current operation.

2 Query Error 1. The analyzer has been addressed to talk, but there is

nothing in the output queue to transmit.

2. Data in the Output Queue has been lost.

3 Device Dependent

Error

An error, other than a command error, a query error,oran

execution error has occurred.

4 Execution Error 1. An HP-IB command parameter exceeded its input range,

or is inconsistent with the analyzer's capabilities.

2. An HP-IB command could not be properly executed due

to some analyzer condition.

5 Command Error 1. An IEEE 488.2 syntax error has occurred. The analyzer

receives a command that did not follow the syntax

dened by the IEEE 488.2 standard. Possible violations

include, a command parameter violated the analyzer

listening formats or a command parameter type is

unacceptable to the analyzer.

2. A semantic error occurred. For example, the analyzer

received an incorrectly spelled command. Another

example would be that the analyzer received an optional

488.2 command that is not implemented to the analyzer

GET

3. The analyzer received a Group Execute Trigger (

)

inside a HP-IB command.

6 User Request The operator pressed a front panel key or an optional

keyboard key or turned the rotary knob.

7 Power ON A power-on sequence has occurred since the register was

last read.

Table 4-4. Status Bit Denitions of the Operation Status Register

Bit Name Description

9 Printing Data is being transfered to the printer.

14 Program running An HP Instrument BASIC program is running.

Using Status Reporting System 4-7

How to Use the Status Registers in a Program

You can use the status registers to determine the specic analyzer status in the program. To

determine the contents of the status register, the following methods are used:

Read an event register directly.

Use the Service Request (SRQ).

Reading an Event Register Directly

You can read the contents of the event register directly to determine the specic analyzer

condition. Use this method if you do not need to know the timing of the event register

changes. The following procedure reads the register directly:

1. Query the event register contents.

2. Retrieve a return value.

3. Check the bit condition using the BASIC

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"STAT:INST?"

ENTER @Hp4291;Esb

IF BIT(Esb,4) THEN

DISP "LIMIT TEST FAILED AT Ch 1."

BIT

function.

Queries instrument event status register contents.

Retrieve return value.

If bit 4 of the instrument event status register is set to 1, the limit

test failed on channel 1.

END IF

Module 4-1. Reading an Event Register

Related HP-IB Commands. The following query commands can be used to read the contents

of an event register directly.

*STB?

*ESR?

STAT:INST?

STAT:OPER:COND?

Returns Status Byte Register contents.

Returns Event Status Register contents.

Returns Instrument Event Status Register contents.

Returns Operation Status Register contents.

4-8 Using Status Reporting System

SRQ and Interrupt

You can initialize your program to enable interrupt processing by the Service Request (SRQ)

from the analyzer. The analyzer generates an SRQ when the specied condition is satised.

The SRQ itself does not contain information on the SRQ source. However, the Request Service

(RQS) bit in the Status Byte Register of the SRQ source device is set to 1. If multiple devices

are connected on the bus, you can check the RQS bit (bit 6) of the analyzer by using a serial

poll,

SPOLL

Use the SRQ interrupt if you want to determine when the condition changes. The following

procedure is used to set the SRQ interrupt:

1. Dene the branch for the interruption. (Use

ON INTR

statement.)

2. Set to 1 the enable register for the corespondent event register bit.

3. Set to 1 the service request enable register bit for the correspondent status byte register bit.

4. Clear the status register before enabling the SRQ interruption.

5. Enable the SRQ interruption. (Use

ENABLE INTR

statement.)

6. Start the event.

7. Wait for the SRQ. Usually, the program waits within an endless loop.

8. If multiple devices that can generate an SRQ exist on the HP-IB

the status byte register of the target device

. If the SRQ is generated from the target device

, you should check bit 6 of

the status byte register bit 6 is set to 1.

The following example uses an SRQ interruption for detecting the end of sweep

instrument event status register is used for this purpose

ON INTR Scode GOTO Sweep_end

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"STAT:INST:ENAB 1"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*SRE 4"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*CLS"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*OPC?"

When the SRQ has occurred, jumps to label, \Sweep end."

Set bit 0 of the insturment event status enable register to 1.

Set bit 2 of the service request enable register to 1.

Clears the event register.

Conrms the clear operation is completed.

. Bit 0 of the

=4)

=1)

ENTER @Hp4291;Opc

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"TRIG:SOUR INT"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"INIT:CONT OFF"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"ABOR"

ENABLE INTR Scode;2

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"INIT"

Waiting: GOTO Waiting

Sweep_end:!

IF NOT BIT(SPOLL(@Hp4291),6) THEN

Selects internal trigger source.

Sets the continuous mode OFF.

Moves trigger sequence to the idle state.

Enables the SRQ interruption just before triggering.

Trigger a measurement.

Waits until SRQ is generated.

When on SRQ, program jumps to this label.

Check the SRQ is generated from the target device by checking status

byte register bit 6.

ENABLE INTR Scode;2

GOTO Waiting

If not, enable the SRQ again, then

returns to the endless looping.

END IF

Note

Module 4-2. Detecting Sweep End Using SRQ and Interrupt

*CLS

clears only the event registers and the status byte register. The enable

, use

command. To clear the enable register and transition lter

SYST:PRES

command.

Using Status Reporting System 4-9

*CLS

Figure 4-4 shows the SRQ generation sequence of the example above.

Figure 4-4. SRQ Generation Sequence

Related HP-IB Commands

The following HP-IB commands are used for setting the SRQ generation:

*SRE

decimal

*ESE

decimal

STAT:INST:ENAB

STAT:OPER:ENAB

STAT:OPER:PTR

STAT:OPER:NTR

decimal

Sets the service request enable register.

Sets the enable register for event status register.

Sets the enable register for instrument event status register.

Sets the enable register for operation status register.

Sets the transition lter to positive for operation status register.

Sets the transition lter to negative for operation status register

4-10 Using Status Reporting System

Sample Program: Performing Calibration

This sample program automates the calibration process.For the same reason as the xture

compensation process that is discussed in Chapter 2, the calibration process also requires

synchronizing the program with the analyzer by detecting the calibration process completion.

The calibration process measures a standard in three dierent settings. Bit 8 of the instrument

event status register (\Calibration or Compensation Complete" bit) is set to 1 when all

measurements are completed. By setting the enable registers to generate an SRQ from this bit,

you can detect the end of the calibration process of each standard.

You have to use an SRQ interrupt for measuring every standard. When you enable the

interrupt, do not forget to clear the register to avoid an unexpected interruption from

occurring. Clearing register by

*CLS

does not alter the enable register setting. Therefore,

setting the enable register only occurs once in this program (lines 330 and 340).

This program is included in the sample program disk. Its lename is

CAL

. This

program is initialized for Instrument BASIC. The program for the external

controller,

CAL_E

, is also included in the

Sample Program Disk

100 !**** INITIALIZE ****

110 ASSIGN @Hp4291 TO 800

120 Scode=8

130 CLEAR @Hp4291

140 ABORT Scode

150 !

160 !**** CALIBRATION STATE CHEKING ****

170 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:CORR1?"

180 ENTER @Hp4291;Stat

190 IF Stat THEN

200 INPUT "ARE YOU SURE TO RE-CALIBRATE NOW? [Y/N]",Ans$

210 IF Ans$"Y" THEN STOP

220 END IF

230 !

240 !**** SELECTING CAL MODE (USRER/FIXED) ****

250 INPUT "SELECT CAL MODE [F]IXED OR [U]SER. [F/U] (DEFAULT=F)",Cal_mode$

260 IF Cal_mode$="U" THEN

270 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:CORR1:COLL:FPO USER"

280 ELSE

290 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:CORR1:COLL:FPO FIX"

300 END IF

310 !

320 !**** SETTING ENABLE REGISTER FOR SRQ ****

330 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"STAT:INST:ENAB 256"

340 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*SRE 4"

350 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"TRIG:SOUR INT"

360 !

370 !**** OPEN STD. MEASUREMENT ****

380 ON INTR Scode GOTO Open_end

390 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*CLS;*OPC?"

400 ENTER @Hp4291;Opc

410 INPUT "CONNECT OPEN, THEN PRESS [RETURN]",A

420 ENABLE INTR Scode;2

Using Status Reporting System 4-11

430 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:CORR1:COLL STAN1"

440 Wait_open:GOTO Wait_open

450 Open_end:!

460 !

470 !**** SHORT STD. MEASUREMENT ****

480 ON INTR Scode GOTO Short_end

490 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*CLS;*OPC?"

500 ENTER @Hp4291;Opc

510 INPUT "CONNECT SHORT, THEN PRESS [RETURN]",A

520 ENABLE INTR Scode;2

530 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:CORR1:COLL STAN2"

540 Wait_short:GOTO Wait_short

550 Short_end:!

560 !

570 !**** LOAD STD. MEASUREMENT ****

580 ON INTR Scode GOTO Load_end

590 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*CLS;*OPC?"

600 ENTER @Hp4291;Opc

610 INPUT "CONNECT LOAD, THEN PRESS [RETURN]",A

620 ENABLE INTR Scode;2

630 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:CORR1:COLL STAN3"

640 Wait_load:GOTO Wait_load

650 Load_end:!

660 !

670 !**** LOW-LOSS C MEASUREMENT ****

680 INPUT "DO YOU WANT TO MESURE LOW-LOSS C? [Y/N] Default=Y",A$

690 IF A$="N" OR A$="n" THEN Skip

700 ON INTR Scode GOTO Llc_end

710 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*CLS;*OPC?"

720 ENTER @Hp4291;Opc

730 INPUT "CONNECT LOW-LOSS C, THEN PRESS [RETURN]",A

740 ENABLE INTR Scode;2

750 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:CORR1:COLL STAN4"

760 Wait_llc:GOTO Wait_llc

770 Llc_end:!

780 !

790 Skip:!

800 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:CORR1:COLL:SAVE"

810 !

820 END

4-12 Using Status Reporting System

Using the Trigger System

This chapter provides information about the SCPI trigger system of the analyzer. SCPI denes

a common trigger system for various types of instruments. This means you can control the

analyzer for your measurements using operations that are common to other instruments.

The analyzer has two trigger modes: trigger on sweep mode and trigger on point mode. The

trigger on sweep mode sweeps all measurement points with single trigger input. The trigger

on point mode requires a trigger for every measurement point. This section describes the

characteristics and dierences of each mode.

Using the Trigger System 5-1

Trigger System

The trigger system has three states during a measurement. Figure 5-1 shows the trigger

sequence:

Figure 5-1. Simplied Trigger System

Idle State

The idle state is the start point of the trigger sequence

. The idle state has the following

characteristics:

*RSTorABORt

INIT(:IMM)

INIT:CONT ON

sets the analyzer to the idle state at anytime during the sequence

moves the trigger sequence to the wait for trigger state from the idle state

is set, the trigger sequence immediately moves to the wait for trigger state

When the analyzer in the idle state, the

Hld

notation is displayed on the left edge of the

display.

Wait for Trigger State

In the wait for trigger state, the analyzer waits for a selected trigger event. It then moves to

the measurement state.

The following trigger sources are available for the analyzer:

Trigger

Trigger Event

Source

INTERNAL

Internal trigger source. This source continuously generates a trigger event.

The trigger sequence immediately moves to the measurement state.

EXTERNAL

External trigger source. Apply a TTL level pulse longer than 2s to the

external trigger connector on the rear panel to trigger

NEG

toggles the polarity of the trigger signal to positive or negative logic

respectively.

MANUAL

Manual trigger. Press

5-2 Using the Trigger System

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

MANUAL

key under

Trigger

TRIG:SLOP POS

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

TRIGGER [MANUAL]

to trigger.

BUS

Measurement State

In this state, the analyzer makes a measurement. The measurement method depends on

whether the selected measurement mode is the trigger on sweep mode or the trigger on point

mode.

When the trigger on sweep mode is selected, the analyzer measures all points by a single

trigger. After all the point measurements are completed, it exits the measurement state to the

idle state. If the number of groups sweep is selected, it goes back to the wait for trigger state

and repeats this loop until the specied number of groups is completed. It then moves to the

idle state. If the single sweep is selected, the trigger sequence immediately moves to the idle

state after all point measurements are completed.

INIT:CONT ON

trigger state.

When the trigger on point mode is selected, the analyzer measures one point and then moves

to the wait for trigger state. Therefore, you must apply a trigger for each point measurement.

When the measurement point reaches the right edge of the display

the same as the trigger on sweep mode.

INIT:CONT ON

after exiting from the measurement state.

HP-IB trigger. Executing either of the following statements triggers a

measurement.

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*TRG"orTRIGGER @Hp4291

is selected, the trigger sequence skips the idle state and goes to the wait for

, the trigger sequence acts

is set, the trigger sequence immediately moves to the wait for trigger state

Using the Trigger System 5-3

Sweeping Once Using the HP-IB Trigger

To write a program for a single sweep using the HP-IB trigger, perform the following procedure:

1. Dene the branch for the SRQ interrupt.

2. Set instrument event status enable register bit 0.

3. Set service request enable register bit 2.

4. Set the trigger source to bus trigger.

5. Enable an interrupt.

6. Send HP-IB trigger.

7. Wait for completion of sweep.

You have to wait within the program during the analyzer measurement time to synchronize the

program and the measurement. You can detect the completion of a measurement by using the

SRQ. Use the instrument event status enable register bit 0 for detecting the sweep end. For

details about the SRQ, see \SRQ and Interrupt" in Chapter 4.

ON INTR Scode GOTO Sweep_end

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"STAT:INST:ENAB 1"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*SRE 4"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*CLS;*OPC?"

ENTER @Hp4291;Opc

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"TRIG:SOUR BUS"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"INIT:CONT OFF"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"ABOR"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"INIT"

WAIT .01

ENABLE INTR Scode;2

TRIGGER @Hp4291

Waiting:GOTO Waiting

When the sweep is completed, program jumps to

Sweep_end:!

Enables Instrument Event Status Enable Register bit 0.

Enables Service Request Enable Register bit 2.

Clears the status register.

Wait until

*CLS

operation is completed.

Selects HP-IB trigger.

Turns o the continuouse mode.

Moves trigger sequence to the idle state.

Moves to wait for trigger state.

Waits for initializing.

Enables the SRQ interrupt.

Triggers a sweep.

Waits until the sweep is completed.

line.

Sweep_end:!

Module 5-1. Sweeping Once Using the HP-IB Trigger

Sweeping a Specied Number of Times

When you want to sweep a specied number of times you can use the number of groups sweep.

The number of groups sweep sweeps the specied number of times and then goes to the idle

state. This sweep can be used when you want to perform averaging.

The number of groups sweep requires a trigger for each sweep

trigger source to avoid applying a new trigger for each sweep in this sample module

use the internal trigger, the

INIT

command becomes a trigger for the measurement.

. Therefore, we use the internal

. When you

Perform the following steps to sweep the specied number of times using an internal trigger.

1. Dene the branch for the SRQ interrupt.

2. Set instrument event status enable register bit 0.

3. Set service request enable register bit 2.

4. Clear the register.

5. Set the trigger source to internal trigger.

6. Specify the number of times to sweep

5-4 Using the Trigger System

7. Set

INIT:CONT OFF

8. Move the trigger sequence to the Idle state using the

ABOR

command.

9. Enable an interrupt.

10. Start number of groups sweep by sending

INIT

command.

11. Wait for completion of specied number of sweeps.

When the number of groups sweep is selected, the instrument event status register bit 0 also

indicates the status of the number of groups sweep. When the specied number of sweeps are

completed, this bit is set to 1.

ON INTR Scode GOTO Sweep_end

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"STAT:INST:ENAB 1"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*SRE 4"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*CLS;*OPC?"

ENTER @Hp4291;Opc

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"TRIG:SOUR INT"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"INIT:CONT OFF"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:SWE:COUN 16"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"ABOR"

ENABLE INTR Scode;2

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"INIT"

Waiting:GOTO Waiting

When the sweep is completed, program jumps to

Sweep_end:!

Enables Instrument Event Status Enable Register bit 0.

Enables Service Request Enable Register bit 2.

Clears the status register.

Wait until

*CLS

operation is completed.

Selects internal trigger.You can omit this line after presetting .

Turns the continuous mode o.

Sets the number of sweeps to 16.

Moves to the idle state.

Enables the SRQ interrupt.

Start a measurement.

Waits until the sweep is completed.

line.

Sweep_end:!

Module 5-2. Sweeping a Specied Number of Times

Related HP-IB Commands

The following commands set the averaging requirements:

SENS:AVER2:COUN

value

;STAT ON

Specify the averaging factor and turns averaging ON.

Triggering on Each Point Using the Manual Trigger

The following program module makes a point measurement using the manual trigger and

displays the measured value on the display:

1. Set instrument event status enable register bit 7.

2. Set service request enable register bit 2.

3. Set the trigger source to manual.

4. Select trigger on point mode.

5. Move to wait for trigger state.

6. Enable an interrupt.

Press

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

MANUAL

under

Trigger

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN

TRIGGER:[FREE RUN]

8. Wait for completion of point measurement.

9. Query the measured point value.

10. Display the value.

11. Repeat 6 to 10.

Using the Trigger System 5-5

Use the \Point Measure Complete" bit (Instrument event status enable register bit 7) to detect

the end of the on point measurement.

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"TRIG:SOUR MAN"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"TRIG:EVEN:TYPE POIN"

Selects manual trigger.

Select trigger on point mode.

ON INTR Scode GOTO Sweep_end

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"STAT:INST:ENAB 128;*SRE 4"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"INIT"

Set SRQ generation with point measure complete.

Move to wait for trigger state.

FOR I=1 TO 201

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*CLS;*OPC?"

ENTER @Hp4291;Opc

ENABLE INTR Scode;2

Waiting:GOTO Waiting

Enable the SRQ interrupt.

Wait for trigger and measurement completion.

Sweep_end:!

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"TRAC:VAL? DTR,";I

ENTER @Hp4291;Value

PRINT Value

Output a measured point value.

Receive a response.

Display received value.

NEXT I

Module 5-3. Triggering on Each Point Using the Manual Trigger

Related HP-IB Commands

The following commands selects the trigger mode:

TRIG:EVEN:TYPE SWE

TRIG:EVEN:TYPE POIN

Selects trigger on sweep mode.

Selects trigger on point mode.

The following commands output a specied measurement point value:

TRAC:VAL? DTR,

point

Outputs the specied point data of the data trace of the active

channel.

TRAC:VAL? MTR,

point

Outputs the specied point data of the memory trace of the

active channel.

TRAC:VAL? DTRCH1,

TRAC:VAL? DTRCH2,

point

Outputs the specied point data of the data trace of channel 1.

Outputs the specied point data of the data trace of channel 2.

The following commands sets the averaging on point:

SENS:AVER1:COUN

SENS:SWE:DWEL1

value

;STAT ON

value

;DWEL1:AUTO ON

Sets the point averaging factor and turns on it.

Sets the point delay time.

5-6 Using the Trigger System

Using the I/O Port

The analyzer has an 8-bit general purpose input/output port on the rear panel. You can use

this port to connect an external instrument to the analyzer. This chapter describes the pin

assignment, access commands and a sample program for using with a handler.

This chapter contains:

I/O port pin assignment

Accessing I/O port

Sample program: BIN sorting using the I/O port

I/O Port Pin Assignment

Figure 6-1 shows the hardware pin assignment of the I/O port.

Figure 6-1. I/O Port Pin Assignment

There are 4 pins for input and 8 pins for output. Therefore

for input and 8 bit data for output.

, the analyzer can handle 4 bit data

Using the I/O Port 6-1

Accessing I/O Port

To read or write to the I/O port from Instrument BASIC, use the following command:

Dat=11

WRITEIO 15,0;Dat

Outputs \11". (bit 0,1, and 3 are ON)

Module 6-1. Send Data to I/O Port

You may notice that Module 6-1 does not use an

Instead it uses the

WRITEIO

statement. The

OUTPUT

WRITEIO

statement to access to the I/O port.

statement of Instrument BASIC is

provided for the purpose of accessing the I/O port. This statement allows faster access than the

OUTPUT

statement because it directly accesses the I/O port. Therefore, this statement can only

be used with Instrument BASIC.

Dat=READIO(15,0)

Returns 4 bit decimal value from input of I/O port.

Module 6-2. Reading Data from I/O Port

Like the

with Instrument BASIC.

WRITEIO

statement,

READIO

allows you to read data from the input of the I/O port

is a function that you can use in equations

Access I/O Port from the External Controller

If you want to access the I/O port from an external controller

command with the

OUTPUT

statement instead of using the

To write data to the I/O port from the external controller

, you have to use an HP-IB

READIOorWRITEIO

commands.

, use the following HP-IB command:

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SYST:COMM:PAR:TRAN:DATA ";Dat

Module 6-3. Send Data to I/O Port from an External Controller

To read data from the I/O port to the external controller, use the following HP-IB commands:

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SYST:COMM:PAR:DATA?"

ENTER @Hp4291;Dat

Module 6-4. Reading Data from I/O Port to an External Controller

Note

When you are using a fast external controller to control the analyzer,a

continuously looping query causes the analyzer to lock up. If this happens, add

WAIT

statement within the loop to slow down the query frequency.

6-2 Using the I/O Port

Sample Program: BIN Sorting Using the I/O Port

This section provides a sample program that performs BIN sorting with the external handler

and outputs the result via the I/O port.

This sample program sorts the DUTs into 4 bins using the dierence rate from a reference value

at a xed frequency. Then it outputs the result of sorting to the I/O port.

Connect the analyzer and the external handler as shown in Figure 6-2.

Figure 6-2. Connecting I/O Port

Each output pin is set to TRUE if it satises the following conditions:

OUT 0 Measured C is in the range of 5 % to the reference.

OUT 1 Measured C is in the range of 10 % to the reference.

OUT 2 Measured C is 10 % greater than the reference.

OUT 3 Measured C is 10 % less than the reference

OUT 4 to 5 Not assigned

OUT 6 Analyzer nished measurement and BIN sorting.

OUT 7 Analyzer ready to accept a trigger.

The external handler can monitor OUT 6 and 7. When OUT 6 is set to TRUE, the handler reads

the BIN result and sorts out the DUT. Then, it sets the next DUT to the measurement stage.

The external handler can apply the trigger signal when OUT 7 is set to TRUE.

Using the I/O Port 6-3

Figure 6-3. Timing Chart

Figure 6-3 shows the timing chart for this program. Note that the I/O port is negative logic

therefore, TRUE is low and FALSE is high. This can be change by setting.

The ow of this program is as follows:

1. Set up the measurement.

2. Prepare the SRQ interrupt for a sweep end detection.

3. Wait for a trigger input. Sets OUT 7 to TRUE.

4. When the trigger is applied, start measuring the DUT

. Set all pins to FALSE.

5. Sort the measured result.

6. Output the result of the BIN sorting and set OUT 6 to TRUE.

7. Return to 2.

This program pauses when in the wait for trigger state. Apply the RUN/CONT signal instead of

the external trigger.

This program is included in the sample program disk. Its lename is

This program is initialized for the Instrument B

the external controller in the

Sample Program Disk

ASIC. There is no program for

BINSORT

100 !**** INITIALIZE ****

110 ASSIGN @Hp4291 TO 800

120 Scode=8

130 ABORT Scode

140 CLEAR @Hp4291

150 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DISP:ALL HIHB"

160 !

170 !*** CONSTANTS ****

180 Crefl=2.E-12 ! C Reference = 10pF

6-4 Using the I/O Port

190 Count=1

200 Nop=801 ! NUMBER OF POINTS

210 Cent=1.E+8 ! CENTER 100 MHz

220 Span=0 ! SPAN 0 Hz (Zero Span)

230 !

240 !*** BIN COUNTER INITIAL VALUE ****

250 Bin=0

260 Bin1=0! C:+-5%

270 Bin2=0! C:+-10%

280 Bin3=0! C:>+10%

290 Bin4=0! C:<-10%

300 !

310 !*** MEASUREMENT SETUP ****

320 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:FREQ:CENT ";Cent

330 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:FREQ:SPAN ";Span

340 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:SWE:POIN ";Nop

350 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"CALC:FORM CP"

360 !

370 !*** TRIGGER SETUP ****

380 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"TRIG:SOUR BUS"

390 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"TRIG:EVEN:TYPE POIN"

400 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"INIT:CONT ON"

410 !

420 !*** SRQ SETUP FOR TRIGGER ON POINT ****

430 ON INTR Scode GOTO Swp_end

440 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"STAT:INST:ENAB 128"

450 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*SRE 4"

460 !

470 !*** MEASUREMENT START ****

480 DISP ""

490 Start:!

500 !

510 !****** COUNTER ******

520 Point=Count MOD Nop

530 IF Point=0 THEN Point=Nop

540 !

550 !****** TRIGGER ******

560 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*CLS;*OPC?"

570 ENTER @Hp4291;Opc

580 WRITEIO 15,0;BINIOR(Bin,2^7)

590 PAUSE

600 ENABLE INTR Scode;2

610 WRITEIO 15,0;0

620 TRIGGER @Hp4291

630 Wait_swp:GOTO Wait_swp

640 Swp_end:!

650 !

660 !*** GET MEASURED C DATA ***

670 Data_out_q:!

680 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"TRAC:VAL? DTR,";Point

690 ENTER @Hp4291;Cmeas

700 C10=Crefl*.1

710 C5=Crefl*.05

720 Cdelta=Cmeas-Crefl

730 IF ABS(Cdelta)>C10 THEN

Using the I/O Port 6-5

740 IF SGN(Cdelta) THEN

750 Bin=2^2

760 Bin3=Bin3+1

770 ELSE

780 Bin=2^3

790 Bin4=Bin4+1

800 END IF

810 ELSE

820 IF ABS(Cdelta)<=C5 THEN

830 Bin=2^0

840 Bin1=Bin1+1

850 GOTO Eom

860 ELSE

870 IF ABS(Cdelta)<=C10 THEN

880 Bin=2^1

890 Bin2=Bin2+1

900 GOTO Eom

910 END IF

920 END IF

930 END IF

940 !

950 Eom:!

960 PRINT TABXY(1,1),"COUNT:";Count

970 PRINT TABXY(1,2),"BIN:";Bin

980 Count=Count+1

990 WRITEIO 15,0;BINIOR(Bin,2^6)

1000 GOTO Start

1010 !

1020 Done:!

1030 END

6-6 Using the I/O Port

Using the User Traces

The analyzer has a user denable trace feature. If you want to display data using custom

formats or parameters that are not provided in the analyzer, you can display any x-axis or

y-axis format that you specify. This chapter describes user traces and how to use them.

This chapter contains:

What's the user trace?

Using a user trace

Sample program: time characteristic measurement

What's the User Trace?

The user trace function of the analyzer has the following features:

You can display up to 4 arbitrary traces.

You can independently dene x-axis and y-axis units, labels, and scales for each trace.

Marker functions can be used on the user traces

For example, when you want to display the time characteristics of an impedance

dene the x-axis as time and the y-axis as impedance

This feature allows you to obtain the trace you want last on the display

You cannot display the user trace and the normal measurement display simultaneously

you are displaying the user trace, the measurement screen disappears, but the measurement

function is still active. Therefore, you can make a measurement in the background while

displaying a user trace.

, you can rst

. Then display the trace in that format.

. When

Using the User Traces 7-1

Using a User Trace

Figure 7-1 shows the user trace parameters that you can specify and the related HP-IB

commands for user trace 1.

Figure 7-1. User Trace

You can dene four user traces as described previously

. Each trace can have dierent settings

for the unit, footnote, headline, and scale. The HP-IB commands for user trace 1 are listed in

Figure 7-1. Table 7-1 lists the corresponding commands for user traces 2 t o 4.

Table 7-1. HP-IB Commands for User Trace 1 to 4

User Trace Unit & Scale NOP X-axis Data Y-axis Data Headline Footnote

DISP:TRAC18

DISP:TRAC19

DISP:TRAC20

DISP:TRAC21

...

TRAC:POIN TR18 TRAC TRX18 TRAC TRY18 DISP:TEXT31 DISP:TEXT35

...

TRAC:POIN TR19 TRAC TRX19 TRAC TRY19 DISP:TEXT32 DISP:TEXT36

...

TRAC:POIN TR20 TRAC TRX20 TRAC TRY20 DISP:TEXT33 DISP:TEXT37

...

TRAC:POIN TR21 TRAC TRX21 TRAC TRY21 DISP:TEXT34 DISP:TEXT38

To display a user trace, perform the following procedure:

1. Set a grid for x-axis and y-axis.

2. Set data for the user trace.

3. Turn the user trace on.

4. When the operation is completed, delete the user trace

7-2 Using the User Traces

Setting A Grid

First dene the grid specications for the data of the user trace. The specications for the grid

are divided into x-axis and y-axis.

For the x-axis, set the unit, the left edge value (start), the right edge value (stop), and the

footnote.

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DISP:TRAC18:X:UNIT 'SEC'"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DISP:TRAC18:X:LEFT 0"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DISP:TRAC18:X:RIGH 100"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DISP:TEXT35 'ELAPSE TIME'"

Dene X-axis unit.

Dene min. edge of the x-axis of user trace.

Dene max. edge of the x-axis of user trace.

Put a footnote.

Module 7-1. Setting Grid For X-Axis

For the y-axis, set the unit, the top and bottom values for the scale, and the headline.

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DISP:TRAC18:Y:UNIT 'F'"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DISP:TRAC18:Y:BOTT 10E-12"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DISP:TRAC18:X:TOP 200E-12"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DISP:TEXT31 'Cp'"

Dene Y-axis unit.

Dene min. edge of the y-axis of user trace to 10 pF.

Dene max. edge of the y-axis of user trace to 200 pF

Put a headline.

Module 7-2. Setting Grid For Y-Axis

Related HP-IB Commands

You can toggle the linear or log scale for the x and y-axis:

DISP:TRAC{18-21}:Y:SPAC LIN

DISP:TRAC{18-21}:Y:SPAC LOG

DISP:TRAC{18-21}:X:SPAC LIN

DISP:TRAC{18-21}:X:SPAC LOG

The default grid setting of the four user traces is common. T

Set y-axis to the linear scale. (Default)

Set y-axis to the log scale.

Set x-axis to the linear scale. (Default)

Set x-axis to the log scale.

o dene each trace's unit,

headline, footnote, and scale individually, turn o the grid coupling by using the following

command:

DISP:TRAC{18-21}:GRAT:AXIS:COUP OFF

Turning o the scale and grid coupling.

Setting Data Train for The Trace

After you dene a grid specication, enter the x-axis and the y-axis data into the user trace's

data arrays. This enables the analyzer to display the user trace

You must ensure that the number of points and number of x-axis and y-axis data are equal.

Otherwise, if it is greater or less than equal, an HP-IB error occurs.

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"TRAC:POIN TR18,201"

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"TRAC TRY18,";Y_data(*)

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"TRAC TRX18,";X_data(*)

Denes Number of points.

Sets Y-Axis Values.

Sets X-Axis Values.

Module 7-3. Setting Data Train for X- and Y-axis

You can change scale specications after setting x-axis and y-axis trace data. The following

module sets the optimized scale setting for the user trace

Using the User Traces 7-3

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DISP:TRAC18:Y:AUTO ONCE"

Adjust the scale to t the trace in the grid.

TRAC18

is for

the user trace 1.

Module 7-4. Automatic Scaling for User Trace

Related HP-IB Commands

You can copy the data or memory trace data of the measurement display to the user trace

array. At this time, the number of points is reset to the same setting as the measurement

display.

TRAC:COPY TR{18-21},TR1

Copies data trace data, number of points, stimulus, and

units for x and y-axis of the active channel to user trace 1

to 4, respectively.

TRAC:COPY TR{18-21},TR2

Copies selected memory trace data, number of points,

stimulus, and units for x and y-axis of the active channel to

user trace 1 to 4.

Turning ON the User Trace

When you nish setting the user trace parameters, turn it on to display the user trace

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DISP:TRAC18:STAT ON"

Turn on the user trace.

Module 7-5. Turning ON the User Trace

Using the Marker on a User Trace

You can use the marker on a user trace just as it is used on the data trace

. The following

module puts the marker on the user trace 1.

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"CALC:EVAL:ON 'TR18'"

Sets the marker to work on the user trace 1.

Module 7-6. Using Marker on the User Trace

Clearing a User Trace

When you nish using a user trace, you should release the allocated memory for the use of

other functions. When you clear the user trace, the user trace display is automatically turned

o.

OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DISP:TRAC18:CLE"

Clear all user trace data and turn o the user trace display.

Module 7-7. Turning OFF and Clearing The User Trace

7-4 Using the User Traces

Sample Program: Time Characteristic Measurement

This sample program measures the time characteristics of a capacitor at a xed frequency.It

then displays the trace on a time domain grid by using the user trace function.

The ow of this program is as follows:

1. Initialize the program.

2. Dene constants.

3. Prepare x-axis data array for a time domain grid of user trace.

4. Set up for measurement.

5. Set up trigger.

6. Make a time interval measurement at xed frequency by using zero span and queries

measured data.

7. Set up x-axis grid specications for user trace.

8. Set up y-axis grid specications for user trace.

9. Enter x and y-axis data for the user trace array

10. Turn on the user trace.

For the x-axis of the user trace, the program puts the elapse time from 0 at intervals of 0.5

seconds (line 220 to 250).

This program is included in the sample program disk. Its lename is

USR_TRAC

This program is initialized for Instrument BASIC. The program for the external

controller,

USRTRAC_E

, is also included in the

Sample Program Disk

100 !**** INITIALIZE ****

110 ASSIGN @Hp4291 TO 800

120 Scode=8

130 CLEAR @Hp4291

140 ABORT Scode

150 !

160 !**** CONSTANTS ****

170 Tint=.5 ! INTERVAL TIME (SEC)

180 Nop=201 ! SAMPLE POINTS

190 F=1.E+8 ! MEASUREMENT FREQ. 100MHZ

200 !

210 !**** ARRAY DEFINITION ****

220 DIM X(1:201),Y(1:201)

230 FOR I=1 TO Nop ! PREPARING X-AXIS DATA

240 X(I)=(I-1)*Tint

250 NEXT I

260 !

270 !**** MEASUREMENT SETUP ****

280 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"SENS:FREQ:SPAN 0;CENT ";F

290 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"CALC:MATH:STAT OFF"

300 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"CALC:FORM CP"

310 !

320 !**** TRIGGER SETUP ****

Using the User Traces 7-5

330 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"STAT:INST:ENAB 128"

340 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*SRE 4"

350 ON INTR Scode GOTO Sweep_end

360 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"TRIG:SOUR BUS"

370 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"INIT:CONT ON;"

380 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"TRIG:EVEN:TYPE POIN"

390 !

400 !**** TIME-INTERVAL MEASUREMENT ****

410 T1=TIMEDATE

420 FOR I=1 TO Nop

430 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"*CLS;*OPC?"

440 ENTER @Hp4291;Opc

450 ENABLE INTR Scode;2

460 TRIGGER @Hp4291

470 Waiting:GOTO Waiting

480 Sweep_end:!

490 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"TRAC:VAL? DTR,";I

500 ENTER @Hp4291;Y(I)

510 DISP (I-1)*Tint;TAB(7);"[SEC]"

520 REPEAT ! CHECKING INTERVAL TIME.

530 T2=TIMEDATE ! IF INTERVAL EXCEEDS

540 UNTIL T2>T1+Tint ! LOOP WILL EXIT.

550 T1=T2

560 NEXT I

570 !

580 !**** SETTING GRID FOR X-AXIS ****

590 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DISP:TRAC18:X:UNIT 'SEC'"

600 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DISP:TRAC18:X:LEFT ";X(1)

610 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DISP:TRAC18:X:RIGHT ";X(Nop)

620 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DISP:TEXT35 'ELAPSE TIME'"

630 !

640 !**** SETTING GRID FOR Y-AXIS ****

650 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DISP:TRAC18:Y:UNIT 'F'"

660 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DISP:TRAC18:Y:BOTT ";MIN(Y(*))

670 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DISP:TRAC18:Y:TOP ";MAX(Y(*))

680 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DISP:TEXT31 'Cp'"

690 !

700 !**** SETTING X AND Y-AXIS DATA ****

710 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"TRAC:POIN TR18,";Nop

720 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"TRAC TRX18,";X(*)

730 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"TRAC TRY18,";Y(*)

740 !

750 !**** TURNING ON USER TRACE ****

760 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DISP:TRAC18:STAT ON"

770 !

780 !**** TURNING ON MARKER ****

790 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"CALC:EVAL:ON 'TR18'"

800 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"CALC:EVAL:INT OFF"

810 !

820 !**** CLEARING USER TRACE ****

830 INPUT "MOVE MARKER, OR PRESS [RETURN] TO CLEAR TRACE",Ans$

840 OUTPUT @Hp4291;"DISP:TRAC18:CLE"

850 !

860 END

7-6 Using the User Traces

Agilent 4291B Programmers Guide

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Contents