ADC DVICS800 1 User Manual

Digivance 800 Mhz Indoor Coverage Solution Installation and Operation Manual
DRAFT
ADCP-75-110
Issue B
March 2001
ADCP-75-110 Issue B March 2001
COPYRIGHT
2001,
ADC Telecommunications, Inc. All Rights Reserved Printed in the U.S.A.
REVISION HISTORY
ISSUE DATE REASON FOR CHANGE
Issue B 03/01 Original
TRADEMARK INFORMATION
ADC and FiberGuide are registered trademarks of ADC Telecommunications, Inc. Digivance is a trademark of ADC Telecommunications, Inc. LC is a trademark of Lucent Technologies Inc. TORX is a registered trademark of Textron, Inc.
DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY
Contents herein are current as of the date of publication. ADC reserves the right to change the contents without prior notice. In no event shall ADC be liable for any damages resulting from loss of data, loss of use, or loss of profits and ADC further disclaims any and all liability for indirect, incidental, special, consequential or other similar damages. This disclaimer of liability applies to all products, publications and services during and after the warranty period.
This publication may be verified at any time by contacting ADC’s Technical Assistance Center at 1-800-366-3891, extension 63475 (in U.S.A. or Canada) or 952-946-3475 (outside U.S.A. and Canada), or by e-mail to bcg_tac@adc.com.
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ADC Telecommunications, Inc. P.O. Box 1101, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55440-1101 In U.S.A. and Canada: 1-800-366-3891 Outside U.S.A. and Canada: (952) 938-8080 Fax: (952) 946-3292
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Content Page
1 SYSTEM FUNCTIONAL OVERVIEW AND UNIT DESCRIPTIONS ........................................ 1
1.1 System Functional Overview ....................................................... 1
1.2 Digital Host Unit Description ....................................................... 3
1.3 Digital Remote Unit Description ..................................................... 7
1.4 Digital Expansion Unit Description ................................................... 9
1.5 Terms and Definitions............................................................12
1.6 Specifications .................................................................13
2 INSTALLATION PLANNING AND SYSTEM DESIGN................................................16
2.1 Base Station Interface Requirements..................................................16
2.2 Locating and Mounting Requirements .................................................18
2.3 Powering Requirements ..........................................................19
2.4 Optical Options and Requirements ...................................................20
2.5 Coaxial Cable Requirements ....................................................... 20
2.6 System Expansion Planning ........................................................20
2.7 DRU Antenna Options ............................................................21
2.8 Local Alarm System Reporting Requirements ............................................21
2.9 Maintenance Requirements ........................................................22
2.10 System Design Recommendations ...................................................22
3 DIGITAL HOST UNIT INSTALLATION PROCEDURE................................................25
3.1 System Plan Review and Pre-Installation Cable Routing .....................................25
3.2 Tools and Materials .............................................................25
3.3 Unpacking and Inspection .........................................................25
3.4 Mounting Procecure ............................................................25
3.5 Chassis Ground Procedure.........................................................29
3.6 Coaxial Cable Connections ........................................................29
3.7 Ports 1-6 Optical Connections ......................................................30
3.8 DC Power Connections ...........................................................32
3.9 Local Alarm System Connections ....................................................33
3.10 AC Power Connections ...........................................................35
3.11 Create As-Built Drawing ..........................................................36
4 SYSTEM OPERATION ..................................................................37
4.1 Tools and Materials .............................................................37
4.2 Turn-Up System and Verify Operation .................................................37
4.3 Correct Installation Problems.......................................................39
4.4 Test System Performance .........................................................42
5 SYSTEM MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES ......................................................43
5.1 Tools and Materials .............................................................43
5.2 Fault Detection and Alarm Reporting ..................................................43
5.3 Fault Isolation and Troubleshooting ..................................................44
5.4 Test Procedures................................................................46
5.5 DHU or DEU Fan Replacement ......................................................49
ADCP-75-110 Issue B March 2001
Continued
2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.
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ADCP-75-110 Issue B March 2001
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Content Page
6 GENERAL INFORMATION ............................................................... 51
6.1 Warranty/Software ............................................................. 51
6.2 Software Service Agreement....................................................... 51
6.3 Repair/Exchange Policy .......................................................... 51
6.4 Repair Charges................................................................ 51
6.5 Replacement/Spare Products ...................................................... 52
6.6 Returned Material.............................................................. 52
6.7 Customer Information and Assistance................................................. 52
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2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.
ABOUT THIS GUIDE
This installation and operation manual provides the following information:
An overview of the Digivance Indoor Coverage Solution (ICS) and a description of the
basic system components including the Digital Host Unit (DHU), Digital Expansion Unit (DEU), and the Digital Remote Unit (DRU).
System requirements for planning the Digivance ICS installation.
Procedures for installing the DHU.
Procedures for operating and maintaining the Digivance ICS.
Product warranty, repair, return, and replacement information
The procedures for installing the DEU and DRU are provided in other publications which are referenced in the Related Publications section and at appropriate points within this manual.
RELATED PUBLICATIONS
ADCP-75-110 Issue B March 2001
Listed below are related manuals and their publication numbers. Copies of these publications can be ordered by contacting the ADC Technical Assistance Center at 1-800-366-3891 (in U.S.A. or Canada) or 952-946-3000, extension 3223 (outside U.S.A. and Canada).
Title/Description ADCP Number
Digivance ICS Digital Expansion Unit Installation Instructions ADCP-75-111
Provides a description of the DEU and procedures for installing the DEU.
Digivance ICS Digital Remote Unit Installation Instructions ADCP-75-112
Provides a description of the DRU and procedures for installing the DRU.
Digivance ICS Local Interface Unit User Manual ADCP-75-113
Provides a description of the LIU and procedures for installing the LIU.
Digivance ICS Remote Interface Unit User Manual ADCP-75-114
Provides a description of the RIU and procedures for installing the RIU.
2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.
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ADCP-75-110 Issue B March 2001
ADMONISHMENTS
Important safety admonishments are used throughout this manual to warn of possible hazards to persons or equipment. An admonishment identifies a possible hazard and then explains what may happen if the hazard is not avoided. The admonishments in the form of Dangers, Warnings, and Cautions must be followed at all times. These warnings are flagged by use of the triangular alert icon (seen below), and are listed in descending order of severity of injury or damage and likelihood of occurrence.
Danger: Danger is used to indicate the presence of a hazard that will cause severe personal
injury, death, or substantial property damage if the hazard is not avoided.
Warning: Warning is used to indicate the presence of a hazard that can cause severe
personal injury, death, or substantial property damage if the hazard is not avoided.
Caution: Caution is used to indicate the presence of a hazard that will or can cause minor
personal injury or property damage if the hazard is not avoided.
GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
The following general admonishments apply throughout the procedures in this manual.
Warning: Wet conditions increase the potential for receiving an electrical shock when
installing or using electrically-powered equipment. To prevent electrical shock, never install or use electrical equipment in a wet location or during a lightning storm.
Warning: The DRU is powered by 48 VDC power which is supplied over customer-provided
wiring. To prevent electrical shock when installing or modifying the DRU power wiring, disconnect the wiring at the power source before working with uninsulated wires or terminals.
Danger: This equipment uses a Class 1 Laser according to FDA/DCRH rules. Laser radiation
can seriously damage the retina of the eye. Do not look into the ends of any optical fiber. Do not look directly into the optical adapters of any digital unit or exposure to laser radiation may result. An optical power meter should be used to verify active fibers. A protective cap or hood MUST be immediately placed over any radiating adapter or optical fiber connector to avoid the potential of dangerous amounts of radiation exposure. This practice also prevents dirt particles from entering the adapter or connector
Danger: Do not look into the ends of any optical fiber. Exposure to laser radiation may result. Do
not assume laser power is turned-off or the fiber is disconnected at the other end.
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2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.
Danger: Always allow sufficient fiber length to permit routing without severe bends. Fibers
may be permanently damaged if bent/curved to a radius of less than 1.5 inches (38 mm).
STANDARDS CERTIFICATION
FCC: This equipment complies with the applicable sections of Title 47 CFR Parts 15, 22, 24, and
90. UL/CUL: This equipment complies with UL and CUL 1950 Standard for Safety for
Information Technology Equipment, Including Electrical Business Equipment. FDA/CDRH: This equipment uses a Class 1 LASER according to FDA/CDRH Rules. This
product conforms to all applicable standards of 21 CFR Part 1040.
LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
The acronyms and abbreviations used in this manual are detailed in the following list:
ADCP-75-110 Issue B March 2001
A Amperes
AC Alternating Current
AGC Automatic Gain Control
AMPS Advanced Mobile Phone Service
CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
CDRH Center for Devices and Radiological Health
CUL Canadian Underwriters Laboratories
DAS Distributed Antenna System
DC Direct Current
DEU Digital Expansion Unit
DHU Digital Host Unit
DRU Digital Remote Unit
EIA Electronic Industries Association
ERP Effective Radiated Power
ESD Electrostatic Discharge FCC Federal Communications Commission FDA Food and Drug Administration
ICS Indoor Coverage Solution
LIU Local Interface Unit
NOC Network Operations Center
PWR Power
RIU Remote Interface Unit
RF Radio Frequency
2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.
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ADCP-75-110 Issue B March 2001
RSSI Received Signal Strength Indication
TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
UPS Uninterruptible Power Supply
VAC Volts Alternating Current VDC Volts Direct Current
WECO Western Electric Company
RX Receive or Receiver
TX Transmit or Transmitter UL Underwriters Laboratories
V Volts
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2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.
1 SYSTEM FUNCTIONAL OVERVIEW AND UNIT DESCRIPTION
This section provides an overview of the Digivance Indoor Coverage Solution (ICS), a description of the functions and features provided by the units that comprise the system, a listing of terms used and their definition, and a table of specifications.
1.1 System Functional Overview
The Digivance ICS is a digitally distributed antenna system that provides in-building coverage for analog (AMPS) or digital (TDMA or CDMA) cellular phone systems operating within the 800 MHz frequency band. Large buildings typically interfere with the transmission or reception of cellular phone system signals by imposing high attenuation losses on RF signals. The Digivance ICS is designed to overcome the attenuation losses that make cellular communications within buildings or structures difficult or impossible. With the Digivance ICS, cellular phone RF signals can be distributed to the interior areas of any building or structure to eliminate dead spots and improve reception.
ADCP-75-110 Issue B March 2001
1.1.1 Basic System Components
The basic components of the Digivance ICS and their functions are shown in Figure 1. The basic system consists of the Digital Host Unit (DHU), Digital Remote Unit (DRU), and when additional capacity or longer fiber runs are required, the Digital Expansion Unit (DEU). In addition, two accessory items, the Local Interface Unit (LIU) and the Remote Interface Unit (RIU) may be used as needed to interface the DHU with the cellular system Base Transceiver Station (BTS).
1.1.2 Interface With BTS
The DHU interfaces, either locally or remotely, with the BTS. As referenced in this publication, the BTS could be either a microcell or a cell site base station. When the BTS (microcell) is co-located with the DHU, a local interface over coaxial cable is possible. An interface device, such as the LIU, may be required to provide the proper input and output RF signal levels between the BTS and the DHU. When the BTS (cell site base station) is not co­located with the DHU, a remote interface using a donor antenna is required. An interface device such as the RIU is required to provide the proper input and output RF signal levels between the donor antenna and the DHU.
The DHU interfaces, as described in the preceding paragraph, with the BTS. In the forward path, the DHU receives RF signals from the BTS. The DHU digitizes the RF signals and then converts them to digital optical signals for transport to the DEUs and DRUs. In the reverse path, the DHU receives digital optical signals from the DRUs and DEUs. The DHU converts the optical signals back to the original RF signal format for transmission to the BTS.
© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.
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ADCP-75-110 Issue B March 2001
RIU
LIU
DRU
REMOTE
BTS
DRU
RF
RF
LOCAL
BTS
DHU
DRU
DEU
DEU
DRU
DRU
DRU
DRU
DRU
1.1.3 Interface With Cellular Phones
The DRUs interface with the cellular phones. In the reverse path, the DRU receives RF signals from each cellular phone. The DRU digitizes the RF signals and then converts them to digital optical signals for transport to the DHU. In the forward path, the DRU receives digital optical signals from the DHU. The DRU converts the optical signals back to the original RF signal format for transmission to the cellular phones. A small antenna is connected to the DRU to transmit and receive RF signals from the cellular phones.
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© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.
DRU
DRU
DRU
Figure 1. System Overview Functional Block Diagram
Fig 1C-A
ADCP-75-110 Issue B March 2001
1.1.4 Digital Fiber Optic Transport
The DHU is connected to each DRU unit over a pair of multi-mode fiber optic links. One link is used to transport the forward path optical signal. The other link is used to transport the reverse path optical signal. Because the optical signal is digital, no adjustments to the optical signal level are required at the DRU or the DHU regardless of the length of the optical link. Either 50 or 62.5 micron core multi-mode fiber optic cable may be used for the optical link. If 50 micron cable is used, the optical link may be up to 750 meters in length. If 62.5 micron core cable is used, the optical link may be up to 500 meters in length. The fiber optic links are terminated with LC connectors.
1.1.5 Capacity for Expansion and Extended Runs
The DEU enables 6-way expansion of any optical port. This makes is possible to add more DRUs without having to install additional DHUs. Each DHU is equipped with six optical ports. If more than six DRUs are required by the application, a DEU may be connected to one of the optical ports at the DHU which expands that port to six ports. If still more optical ports are required, then a second DEU may be connected to the DHU or a second DEU may be connected to the first DEU. The ability to cascade DEU’s in parallel or in series provides unlimited flexibility. It is physically possible to connect an unlimited number DRUs to the DHU through the installation of DEUs. The maximum number of DRUs that can connected to the DHU is limited only by the cumulative noise effect caused by antenna combining.
1.1.6 Power Requirements
The DHU, DEU, LIU, and RIU are each powered by 120–240 VAC (50–60 Hz) power which is supplied through a standard three-conductor AC power cord. The DRU is powered by nominal 48 VDC which is supplied by the DHU, DEU, or an AC/DC wall-mount style converter. When the DRU is powered by the DHU or DEU, the power is fed through a category 5 cable terminated with male RJ-45 connectors.
1.1.7 Fault Detection and Alarm Reporting
LED indicators are provided on the front panel of the various units to indicate when a fault is detected. In addition, normally open and normally closed alarm contacts (for both major and minor alarms) are provided at the DHU for connection to a customer provided external alarm system. This could be a local system or automatic call-out system.
1.2 Digital Host Unit Description
The DHU, shown in Figure 2, serves as the BTS servicing unit for the Digivance ICS. The DHU provides the following basic functions:
RF inputs and outputs
Optical interface to the DRUs or DEUs
Digitizing of the cellular forward path RF signal
© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.
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ADCP-75-110 Issue B March 2001
Distribution of the digitized forward path RF signals into six digitized optical signals
Conversion of up to six reverse path digitized optical signals to six digitized RF signals
Combining of the six digitized RF signals into a single composite digitized RF signal
Conversion of the combined digitized RF signal to a composite cellular RF signal
DC power for powering the DRUs
Relay contact closures to provide alarm information to an external alarm system
3.5 INCHES (89 mm)
15.3 INCHES (389 mm)
11.4 INCHES (290 mm)
17.2 INCHES (437 mm)
FRONT PANEL
MOUNTING
BRACKET
(BOTH SIDES)
CABLE MANAGEMENT
TRAY
Fig 2A-A
Figure 2. Digital Host Unit
1.2.1 Primary Components
The DHU consists of two electronic circuit board assemblies and a power supply assembly that are mounted within a powder-coated sheet metal enclosure. The metal enclosure provides a mounting point for the electronic assemblies, serves as a heat sink, and controls RF emissions. Except for the fan units, the electronic circuit board assemblies are not user replaceable. The DHU is designed for use within a non-condensing indoor environment such as inside a wiring closet or cabinet. All controls, connectors, and indicators are mounted on the DHU front panel for convenient access. Cable management functions for the power and fiber optic cables are provided by a cable management tray that extends outward from the DHU front panel.
1.2.2 Mounting
The DHU may be used in both rack-mount and wall-mount applications. For rack mount applications, a pair of reversible mounting brackets is provided that allow the DHU to be mounted in either a 19-inch or 23-inch EIA or WECO equipment rack. When rack-mounted, the front panel of the DHU is flush with the front of the rack. The cable management tray extends 3.9 inches (99 mm) beyond the front panel. For wall-mount applications, a pair of holes is provided in the cable management tray which allow the DHU to be mounted on any flat vertical surface. The DHU should be oriented with the front panel facing upward when wall-mounted. Fasteners are provided for rack-mount applications.
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© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.
ADCP-75-110 Issue B March 2001
1.2.3 Fault Detection and Alarm Reporting
The DHU is designed to detect internal circuitry faults and optical port faults. Various front panel Light Emitting Diode (LED) indicators turn from green to red or yellow if a fault is detected. A set of alarm contacts (normally open and normally closed) are also provided for reporting an alarm to an external alarm system when a fault is detected. Both major alarm (all fault conditions except high temperature) and minor alarm (high temperature fault condition) contacts are provided.
1.2.4 RF Signal Connections
The RF signal connections between the DHU and the BTS are supported through two type N female connectors. One connector is used for coaxial cable connection of the forward path RF signal. The other connector is used for coaxial cable connection of the reverse path RF signal. In most installations, the DHU will not connect directly to the BTS but will be connected to an interface device such as the RIU or the LIU. Additional information concerning the DHU to BTS interface is provided in the Digivance ICS Remote Interface Unit User Manual (ADCP-75-113) and in the Digivance ICS Local Interface Unit User Manual (ADCP-75-114).
The DHU requires a composite forward path RF signal level of –20 dBm or lower. An overdrive limiter protects the system against excessive inputs but does not function during normal operation. The DHU does not have Automatic Gain Control (AGC).
1.2.5 Optical and Electrical Interface Connections
Operation of the DRUs and DEUs is supported by six optical and six electrical ports. Each optical and electrical interface connection includes a status LED, a duplex LC type optical adapter, an RJ­45 DC power jack, and a port enable/disab le switch. An optical port may be connected to a DRU, a DEU, or not used. An electrical port may be connected to a DRU or not used. Unused ports require no connections at all and are disabled via the corresponding port enable/disab le switch. When disabled, the port LED is off, the alarm reporting function is disabled, the laser is off, and the DC power is off. Enabling the enable/disab le switch activates all functions.
1.2.6 Powering
The DHU is powered by 120–240 VAC (50–60 Hz) power which is supplied through a standard three-conductor AC power cord. The power cord is provided with the DHU and is 98 inches (2.5 meters ) long. A resetable circuit breaker/On-Off switch is provided at the unit front panel. The switch applies power to the DHU internal power supply.
1.2.7 Cooling
Continuous air flow for cooling is provided by dual fans mounted on the right side of the housing. A minimum of 3 inches (76 mm) of clearance space must be provided on both the left and right sides of the DHU for air intake and exhaust. An alarm is provided that indicates if a high temperature condition (>70º C/ 158º F) occurs. The fans may be field-replaced if either fan fails.
1.2.8 User Interface
The DHU user interface consists of the various connectors, switches, terminals, and LEDs that are provided on the DHU front panel. The DHU user interface points are indicated in Figure 3 and described in Table 1.
© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.
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ADCP-75-110 Issue B March 2001
(2) AC POWER
ON/OFF SWITCH
(1) AC POWER CORD
NOTE: SHOWN WITHOUT CABLE MANAGEMENT TRAY
CONNECTOR
(3) OPTICAL PORT
LED INDICATOR
(6 PLACES)
(5) ELECTRICAL PORT
DC POWER JACK
(6 PLACES)
(4) OPT/ELEC PORT
ENABLE/DISABLE
SWITCH (6 PLACES)
(6) OPTICAL PORT
OPTICAL ADAPTERS
TX-LEFT - RX-RIGHT
(6 PLACES)
(7) UNIT LED
INDICATOR
(9) ALARM TERMINAL
STRIP
(10) RF INPUT
CONNECTOR
(8) OVERDRIVE
LED
INDICATOR
(11) RF OUTPUT
CONNECTOR
Figure 3. Digital Host Unit User Interface
Table 1. Digital Host Unit User Interface
REF No.
1 POWER 3-wire AC power
USER INTERFACE
DESIGNATION
DEVICE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
Used for connecting the AC power cord.
cord connector
2 I/O rocker switch/
circuit breaker
3 OK/NOK (Ports 1–6) Multi-colored LED
(Red/Green/Yellow)
Provides AC power On/Off control and AC power over current protection.
Indicates if the DRU or remote DEU connected to the optical port is normal or faulty or if the optical inputs from the DRU or remote DEU are normal or lost. (see Note)
4 ON/OFF (Ports 1–6) I/O rocker switch Enables or disables corresponding
electrical and optical ports.
5DC PWR (Ports 1–6) RJ-45 jack (female) Used for connecting a DRU cat 5 power
cable to the designated DC power jack
6 FIBER (Ports 1–6) Duplex LC-type
fiber optic adapter
Used for connecting each DEU or DRU forward path and reverse path optical link to the designated optical adapter.
7 UNIT Multi-colored LED
(Red/Green/Yellow)
8 OVERDRIVE Multi-colored LED
(Red/Green/Yellow)
Indicates if the DHU is normal or faulty. (see Note)
Indicates when the forward path RF input power is overdriving the DHU digitizing circuitry (see Note)
9 MAJOR MINOR Screw-type terminal
connector (14–26 AWG)
Used for connecting an external alarm system to the DHU. Includes normally open (NO), normally closed (NC), and common (COM) wiring connections.
10 RF IN N-type female RF
coaxial connector
11 RF OUT N-type female RF
coaxial connector
Used for connecting the forward path RF coaxial cable to the DHU
Used for connecting the reverse path RF coaxial cable to the DHU
Fig 3B-A
Note: A detailed description of LED operation is provided in Section 5.
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© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.
1.3 Digital Remote Unit Description
The DRU, shown in Figure 4, serves as the cellular user servicing unit for the Digivance ICS. The DRU provides the following basic functions:
RF interface to the cellular users via an external antenna
Optical interface to the DHU or DEU
Conversion of the forward path digitized optical signal to a digitized RF signal
Conversion of the digitized forward path RF signal to the original cellular RF signal
Digitizing of the cellular reverse path RF signal
Conversion of the digitized reverse path RF signal to a digital optical signal output
Transports alarm status via optical link
ADCP-75-110 Issue B March 2001
FRONT PANEL
2.1 INCHES (53 mm)
7.3 INCHES (185 mm)
7.0 INCHES (178 mm)
MOUNTING FOOT
(EACH CORNER)
Fig 1-A
Figure 4. Digital Remote Unit
1.3.1 Primary components
The DRU consists of an electronic circuit board assembly that is mounted within a painted sheet metal enclosure. The metal enclosure provides a mounting point for the electronic assembly, serves as a heat sink, and controls RF emissions. The electronic circuit board assembly is not user replaceable. The DRU is designed for use within a non-condensing indoor environment such as inside a building. All controls, connectors, and indicators (except the antenna connector) are mounted on the DRU front panel for convenient access.
1.3.2 Mounting
The DRU is equipped with four integral mounting feet that allow it to be mounted on any flat horizontal or vertical surface. A typical location for mounting the DRU would be above ceiling tiles where the optical fiber and power cables can be concealed or on a wall. Slots are provided in the mounting feet for securing the DRU to the mounting surface.
© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.
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ADCP-75-110 Issue B March 2001
1.3.3 Fault Detection
The DRU is designed to detect internal circuitry faults or loss of system inputs. A front panel LED indicator turns from green to red when a fault condition is detected or when the system optical input is lost. The DRU sends the fault information to the DHU over the fiber optic link. A corresponding port LED at the DHU turns red when the DRU reports a fault.
1.3.4 RF Signal Interface
The RF signal interface between the DRU and the cellular users is provided through an external antenna connected to a female SMA connector. The antenna which must be ordered separately. Several types of antennas with various patterns are available. Non-ADC antennas may also be used with the DRU to meet various application requirements.
1.3.5 Optical Port
The DRU is equipped with a duplex LC type optical adapter that provides a point for connecting the optical link cables. Depending on the application requirements, the optical adapter may be connected to either a DHU or a DEU.
1.3.6 Powering
The DRU is equipped with a female RJ-45 jack that provides a point for connecting a DC power cable. The DRU is powered by nominal 48 VDC power which is supplied through the RJ-45 connector. Power to the DRU may be supplied by the DHU, DEU, or by a 120 VAC to 48 VDC power converter (available separately as an accessory item) plugged into a properly grounded 120 VAC outlet. The AC/DC converter is a UL Listed stand alone Limited Power Supply (LPS) unit with a rated output of 48 VDC at 1.2 A. When powered by the DHU or DEU, a category 5 twisted-pair cable terminated with RJ-45 connectors is required.
1.3.7 Cooling
The DRU is cooled by natural convection air flow. The DRU mounting feet are designed to provide clearance under the unit so that air can enter the DRU enclosure from the bottom and exit through the top. A minimum clearance of 3 inches (76 mm) must be provided on all sides of the DRU (except the bottom) to ensure there is adequate air circulation for cooling. In addition, at least one surface of the DRU installation area must be open to the interior of the building.
1.3.8 User Interface
The DRU user interface consists of the connectors and the LED that are provided on the DRU front and rear panels. The DRU user interface points are indicated in Figure 5 and described in Table 2.
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© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.
ADCP-75-110 Issue B March 2001
(2) 48 VDC POWER
CONNECTOR
(1) STATUS LED
(3) FIBER LINK
OPTICAL ADAPTERS
TX-LEFT - RX-RIGHT
REAR VIEWFRONT VIEW
(4) ANTENNA CONNECTOR
Figure 5. Digital Remote Unit User Interface
Table 2. Digital Remote Unit User Interface
REF No.
1 STATUS Multi-colored LED
USER INTERFACE
DESIGNATION
DEVICE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
Indicates if the status of the DRU is
(Red/Green/Yellow)
normal or faulty or if the forward path
optical input is normal or lost. (see Note) 248 VDC RJ-45 jack (female) Used for connecting a DC power cable 3 FIBER
TX RX
4 SMA-type coaxial
Duplex LC-type fiber optic adapter
connector (female)
Used for connecting the forward path and
reverse path optical links
Used for connecting the antenna coaxial
cable lead
Fig 5B-A
Note: A detailed description of LED operation is provided in Section 5.
1.4 Digital Expansion Unit Description
The DEU, shown in Figure 6, serves as a service expansion unit and line extender for the Digivance ICS. The DEU provides the following basic functions:
Optical interface to the DHU and up to six DRUs or DEUs
Conversion of the forward path digitized optical signal to an electrical bit stream
Splitting of the electrical bit stream into six separate bit streams
Conversion of the six forward path electrical bit streams into six digital optical signals
Conversion of up to six reverse path digital optical signals into six serial bit streams
Combining of the six reverse path serial bit streams into a single digital composite signal
Conversion of the single digital composite signal to a digital optical signal
DC power for powering the DRUs
Alarm transport via the optical links
© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.
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ADCP-75-110 Issue B March 2001
3.5 INCHES (89 mm)
11.4 INCHES
15.3 INCHES (389 mm)
(290 mm)
17.2 INCHES (437 mm)
FRONT PANEL
MOUNTING
BRACKET
(BOTH SIDES)
CABLE MANAGEMENT
TRAY
Fig 6B-A
Figure 6. Digital Expansion Unit
1.4.1 Primary Components
The DEU consists of two electronic circuit board assemblies that are mounted within a powder-coated sheet metal enclosure. The metal enclosure provides a mounting point for the electronic assemblies and serves as a heat sink. Except for the fan units, the electronic circuit board assemblies are not user replaceable. The DEU is designed for use within a non­condensing indoor environment such as inside a wiring closet or within an environmentally controlled cabinet. All controls, connectors, and indicators are mounted on the DEU front panel for convenient access. Cable management functions for the power and fiber optic cables are provided by a cable management tray that extends outward from the DEU front panel.
1.4.2 Mounting
The DEU may be used in both rack-mount and wall-mount applications. For rack mount applications, a pair of reversible mounting brackets is provided that allow the DEU to be mounted in either a 19-inch or 23-inch EIA or WECO equipment rack. When rack-mounted, the front panel of the DEU is flush with the front of the rack. The cable management tray extends 3.9 inches (99 mm) beyond the front panel. For wall-mount applications, a pair of holes is provided in the cable management tray which allow the DEU to be mounted on any flat vertical surface. The DEU should be oriented with the front panel facing upward when wall-mounted. Fasteners are provided for rack-mount applications.
1.4.3 Fault Detection
The DEU is designed to detect internal circuitry faults and optical port faults. Various front panel Light Emitting Diode (LED) indicators turn from green to red or yellow when a fault is detected The DEU transports the fault information to the DHU or supporting DEU over the fiber optic link. A corresponding port LED at the DHU or DEU turns from green to red when the DEU reports a fault.
Page 10
© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.
ADCP-75-110 Issue B March 2001
1.4.4 Optical and Electrical Interface Connections
Operation of the DRUs and DEUs is supported by six optical and six electrical ports. Each optical and electrical interface connection includes a status LED, a duplex LC type optical adapter, an RJ­45 DC power jack, and a port enable/disab le switch. An optical port may be connected to a DRU, a DEU, or not used. An electrical port may be connected to a DRU or not used. Unused ports require no connections at all and are disabled via the corresponding port enable/disab le switch. When disabled, the port LED is off, the alarm reporting function is disabled, the laser is off, and the DC power is off. Enabling the enable/disab le switch activates all functions.
1.4.5 Powering
The DEU is powered by 120–240 VAC (50–60 Hz) power which is supplied through a standard three-conductor AC power cord. The power cord is provided with the DEU and is 2.5 meters (98 inches) long. A resetable circuit breaker/On-Off switch is provided at the unit front panel. The switch applies power to the DEU internal power supply.
1.4.6 Cooling
Continuous air flow for cooling is provided by dual cooling fans mounted on the right side of the sheet metal housing. A minimum of 3 inches of clearance space must be provided on both the left and right sides of the DEU for air intake and exhaust. An alarm is provided that indicates if a high temperature condition occurs. The cooling fans may be field-replaced if either unit fails.
1.4.7 User Interface
The DEU user interface consists of the various connectors, switches, and LEDs that are provided on the DEU front panel. The DEU user interface points are indicated in Figure 7 and described in Table 3.
(2) AC POWER
ON/OFF SWITCH
(3) OPTICAL PORT
LED INDICATOR
(6 PLACES)
(4) OPT/ELEC PORT
ENABLE/DISABLE
SWITCH (6 PLACES)
(7) UNIT LED
INDICATOR
(1) AC POWER CORD
CONNECTOR
NOTE: SHOWN WITHOUT CABLE MANAGEMENT TRAY
(5) ELECTRICAL PORT
DC POWER JACK
(6 PLACES)
(6) OPTICAL PORT
OPTICAL ADAPTERS
TX-LEFT - RX-RIGHT
(6 PLACES)
(7) HOST PORT
OPTICAL ADAPTERS
TX-LEFT - RX-RIGHT
Figure 7. Digital Expansion Unit User Interface
© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.
(8) HOST PORT
LED
INDICATOR
Fig 7B-A
Page 11
ADCP-75-110 Issue B March 2001
Table 3. Digital Expansion Unit User Interface
REF No.
1 POWER 3-wire AC power
USER INTERFACE
DESIGNATION
DEVICE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
Used for connecting the AC power cord
cord connector
2 I/O rocker switch/
circuit breaker
3 OK/NOK (Ports 1–6) Multi-colored LED
(Red/Green/Yellow)
Provides AC power On/Off control and AC power over current protection
Indicates if the DRU or remote DEU connected to the optical port is normal or faulty or if the optical inputs from the DRU or remote DEU are normal or lost. (see Note)
4 ON/OFF (Ports 1–6) I/O rocker switch Enables or disables corresponding
electrical and optical ports
5DC PWR (Ports 1–6) RJ-45 connector
(female)
6 FIBER (Ports 1–6) Duplex LC-type
fiber optic adapter
Used for connecting a DRU cat 5 power cable to the designated DC power jack
Used for connecting each DRU or remote DEU forward path and reverse path optical link to the designated optical port
7 HOST PORT Duplex LC-type
fiber optic adapter
8 UNIT Multi-colored LED
(Red/Green/Yellow)
9 HOST PORT Multi-colored LED
(Red/Green/Yellow)
Used for connecting the DHU or supporting DEU forward path and reverse path optical link
Indicates if the DEU is normal or faulty. (see Note)
Indicates if the optical inputs from the DHU or supporting DEU are normal or faulty. (see Note)
Note: A detailed description of LED operation is provided in Section 5.
1.5 Terms and Definitions
Refer to Table 4 for a listing of the terms used in this manual and their definition.
TERM DEFINITION
Alarm Response The response to an alarm input. Base Transceiver Station The radio equipment that transmits and receives the voice and
Composite Signal The sum of several combined signals. Digital Expansion Unit The unit that extends a single optical interface to multiple optical
Digital Host Unit The unit that converts and provides the digital source signal to all DEUs
Table 4. Terms and Definitions
control channels to and from the cellular handsets.
interfaces or that extends an optical run.
and DRUs and converts summed inputs from DEUs and DRUs.
(Continued)
Table 4. Terms and Definitions (Continued)
Page 12
© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.
ADCP-75-110 Issue B March 2001
TERM DEFINITION
Digital Remote Unit The unit that interfaces the in-building user to the Digivance
optical transport Digitized RF Signal The RF signal in a digitized form. Forward Path Signal A signal that travels from the base station to the cell phone. Major Alarm An alarm condition that applies when any fault (except high
temperature) occurs. Minor Alarm The alarm condition that applies when a high temperature condition
occurs. (> 70º C/158º F) Mute To force a forward path RF signal to a “no signal” state Normal State The operating state after power-up is completed and no faults are
detected. Port An RF, optical, or electrical interface point. Port Alarm A fault that affects only the unit connected to that port. Power-Up State The period between the application of power to a unit and the
normal state. This period includes time for circuit stabilization and
initialization operations. Reverse Path Signal A signal that travels from one or more cell phones to the base station. Transport Alarm Signal An alarm signal transported over the fiber optic link. Unit Alarm A fault within a unit that usually affects all connected ports.
1.6 Specifications
Refer to Table 5 for the Digivance ICS system specifications.
PARAMETER SPECIFICATION REMARKS
Optical - All Units
Fiber type Multimode 50 or 62.5 micron core Two fibers per link Maximum Fiber Length 500 m
Optical Output Power –10 to +4 dBm Optical Wavelength 850 nm
Environmental
Operating Temperature to 50º C (32º to 122º F) Storage Temperature –30º to +70º C (–22 to 158º F) Humidity No condensation Weather resistance Indoor installation only
Table 5. System Specifications
750 m
With 62.5 micron core With 50 micron core
(Continued)
© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.
Page 13
ADCP-75-110 Issue B March 2001
PARAMETER SPECIFICATION REMARKS
RF Forward Path
System Bandwidth 25 MHz Frequency range Cellular: 869 to 894 MHz Output power +13 +/– 1 dB composite Gain variation +/– 3 dB
IP
3
CDMA ACPR1 < –45 dBc Spurious Output < –35 dBm DHU input signal level –20 dBm maximum Provides a +13 dBm RF output
RF Reverse Path
System bandwidth 25 MHz Frequency Range US Cellular: 824 to 849 MHz Gain 10 +/– 1 dB Gain Variation +/– 3 dB
Automatic Gain Limiting
Noise Figure < 12 dB 10 + 10 log n (n = # of users) DHU output signal level –30 dBm maximum With a –40 dBm composite
Physical/Electrical - DHU
Weight 17.5 lbs (7.9 kg) RF connection Type N female Alarm connection Screw terminals (14–26 AWG) NO, NC, and COM Optical connection Duplex LC adapter DC power connection RJ-45 female Power source 120–240 VAC, 50–60 Hz Power consumption 24 W typical Current rating 85–250 VAC, 2 Amp input
Table 5. System Specifications (Continued)
Over frequency, temperature, and unit-
< 1.5 dB variation
Per 1.25 MHz CDMA channel
> +35 dBm
signal at the DRU
Over frequency, temperature, and unit-unit
< 1.5 dB variation
Per 1.25 MHz CDMA channel
Prevents A/D saturation with large inputs. Disabled for composite RF input < –40 dBm
maximum input signal at the DRU
Page 14
© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.
(Continued)
ADCP-75-110 Issue B March 2001
Table 5. System Specifications (Continued)
PARAMETER SPECIFICATION REMARKS
Physical/Electrical - DEU
Weight 17.5 lbs (7.9 kg) Optical connection Duplex LC adapter DC power connection RJ-45 female Power source 120–240 VAC, 50–60 Hz Power consumption 22 W typical Current rating 85–250 VAC, 2 Amp input
Physical/Electrical ­DRU
2 lbs (0.9 kg)
Weight RF connection SMA female Antenna types
Ceiling mount omnidirectional Directional panel 90º directional panel Ceiling mount hallway
Center mount (2.5 dBi gain) Wall mount (8 dBi gain) Corner mount (7.5 dBi gain)
Center mount( 4 dBi gain) Optical connection Duplex LC adapter DC power connection RJ-45 female Power source 48 +/– 1 VDC nominal 48 VDC Power consumption 17 W typical Current rating 48 VDC, 350 mA input
© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.
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ADCP-75-110 Issue B March 2001
2 INSTALLATION PLANNING AND SYSTEM DESIGN
This section provides installation planning information and basic system design recommendations for RF engineers that will be designing and installing an in-buildling coverage solution using the Digivance ICS. System design and planning services are available from ADC if required. Refer to section 6 of this manual for additional information.
2.1 Base Station Interface Requirements
The DHU may be interfaced either locally or remotely with the BTS. As referenced in this publication, the BTS could be either a microcell or a cell site base station. With a local interface, a hard-wire connection is provided between the DHU and the BTS (microcell) using coaxial cables. With a remote interface, an over-the-air connection is provided between the DHU and the BTS (cell site base station) using a donor antenna.
2.1.1 Local BTS (Microcell) Interface
A local interface between the DHU and the BTS (microcell) over coax requires specific RF input and output signal levels at the DHU and BTS. The correct levels can be provided at the BTS and DHU using the Local Interface Unit (LIU). The LIU is an accessory item that provides adjustable gain or attenuation in both the RF forward and reverse path. The level of the RF output signal from the BTS will vary depending on the type of BTS. Therefore, it will generally be necessary to add some gain or some attenuation to the forward path (downlink) signal to provide the recommended composite maximum RF input signal level at the DHU which is–20 dBm. When the level of the RF input signal at the DHU is –20 dBm, the level of the RF output signal at the DRU will be +13 dBm which is the maximum allowed.
In the reverse path, the input signal level required at the BTS will also vary depending on the type of BTS. When the level of the reverse path (uplink) signal at the DRU is at the recommended composite maximum of –40 dBm, the level of the RF output signal from the DHU is –30 dBm. Therefore, it may be necessary to add some gain or attenuation to the reverse path signal in order to achieve the required RF input signal level at the BTS. A block diagram showing a typical local DHU to BTS interface is provided in Figure 8.
DIRECTIONAL ANTENNA
TO/FROM HANDSETS
T1 LINK
TO SWITCH
LOCAL BASE
TRANSCEIVER
STATION
(MICRO CELL)
FORWARD
(DOWNLINK)
REVERSE
(UPLINK)
LOCAL
INTERFACE
UNIT
-20 dBm
(COMPOSITE
MAX)
-30 dBm
(COMPOSITE
MAX)
DIGITAL
HOST
UNIT
+13 dBm
(COMPOSITE
OPTICAL LINK
OPTICAL LINK
MAX)
DIGITAL
REMOTE
UNIT
-40 dBm
(COMPOSITE
MAX)
Fig 8B-A
Page 16
© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.
Figure 8. Local BTS Interface Block Diagram
ADCP-75-110 Issue B March 2001
The LIU is rack or wall mountable and is powered by 120–240 VAC (50–60 Hz) power. Refer to the Digivance Local Interface Unit User Manual (ADCP-75-113) for a complete description of the LIU.
2.1.2 Remote BTS (Cell Site Base Station) Interface
A remote interface between the DHU and the BTS (cell site base station) via a donor antenna requires specific RF input and output signal levels at the DHU and antenna. The correct levels at the DHU and antenna can be provided using the Remote Interface Unit (RIU). The RIU is an accessory item that provides adjustable gain or attenuation in both the RF forward and reverse paths. The RIU connects to a directional antenna through a duplexer which provides separate forward and reverse path connections for the DHU. In the forward path (downlink), the RIU provides the recommended composite maximum RF input signal level at the DHU which is –20 dBm. When the level of the RF input signal at the DHU is –20 dBm, the level of the RF output signal at the DRU is +13 dBm which is the maximum allowed.
In the reverse path, the required RF output signal level to the donor antenna will vary depending on the distance from the BTS. When the level of the reverse path (uplink) signal at the DRU is at the recommended composite maximum level of –40 dBm, the level of the RF output signal from the DHU is –30 dBm. Therefore, it may be necessary to add some gain or attenuation to the reverse path signal in order to achieve the required output signal level at the RIU antenna port. A block diagram showing a typical remote DHU to BTS interface is provided in Figure 9.
The RIU is rack or wall mountable and is powered by 120–240 VAC (50–60 Hz) power. Refer to the Digivance Remote Interface Unit User Manual (ADCP-75-114) for a complete description of the RIU.
DIRECTIONAL
ANTENNA TO/FROM
CELL SITE BTS
REVERSE
(UPLINK)
REMOTE
INTERFACE
UNIT
FORWARD
(DOWNLINK)
(COMPOSITE
MAX)
DIGITAL
HOST
UNIT
-30 dBm
(COMPOSITE
MAX)
OPTICAL LINK
OPTICAL LINK
Figure 9. Remote BTS Interface Block Diagram
DIRECTIONAL ANTENNA
TO/FROM HANDSETS
+13 dBm
(COMPOSITE
MAX)
DIGITAL
REMOTE
UNIT
-40 dBm
(COMPOSITE
MAX)-20 dBm
Fig 9B-A
© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.
Page 17
ADCP-75-110 Issue B March 2001
2.2 Location and Mounting Requirements
2.2.1 DHU and DEU Location and Mounting Requirements
The DHU and the DEU may be either rack mounted or wall mounted. Fasteners (both metric and US standard) are included with each unit for rack mount applications. A pair of reversible mounting brackets is provided that allows the unit to be mounted in either a 19-inch or 23-inch EIA or WECO equipment rack. When rack-mounted, the front panel of the unit is flush with the front of the rack. The cable management tray extends 3.9 inches (99 mm) beyond the front panel. Both the DHU and DEU occupy 3.5 inches (89 mm) of rack space. Make sure the mechanical loading of the rack will be even to avoid a hazardous condition such as a severely unbalanced rack. The rack should safely support the combined weight of all the equipment it holds.
For wall-mount applications of the DHU or DEU, a pair of holes is provided in the cable management tray that allows the unit to be mounted on any flat vertical surface. The mounting holes are spaced 11.66 inches (296 mm) apart. Orient the DHU/DEU so the front panel faces up when mounted. Appropriate fasteners for wall mounting must be provided by the installer. It is recommended that a backer board such as 3/4-inch plywood be installed over the mounting surface to provide a secure base for attaching the DHU or DEU.
Mount the DHU and DEU in a non-condensing indoor environment such as inside a wiring closet or within an environmentally controlled cabinet. All controls, connectors, and indicators are mounted on the front panel. Route all cables to the front panel for connection. Use the cable retainers provided on the cable management tray to secure the fiber optic, DC power, and local alarm system cables.
The maximum recommended ambient temperature for the DHU and DEU is 50º C (122º F). Allow sufficient air circulation or space between each unit when installed in a multi-unit rack assembly because the operating ambient temperature of the rack environment might be greater than room ambient. Provide a minimum clearance of 3 inches (76 mm) on both the left and right sides of the unit for air intake and exhaust. Refer to Figure 2 for the DHU dimensions and Figure 6 for the DEU dimensions.
2.2.2 DRU Location and Mounting Requirements
The DRU may be wall-mounted or ceiling-mounted. The DRU is equipped with four integral mounting feet that allow it to be fastened to any flat vertical or horizontal surface. Holes are provided in the mounting feet for inserting fasteners. Appropriate fasteners for securing the DRU to the selected mounting surface must be provided by the installer.
Mount the DRU in a non-condensing indoor environment. Route the DC power cable and fiber optic links to the DRU front panel for connection. Route the antenna coaxial cable to the DRU rear panel for connection. Provide a minimum of 3 inches (76 mm) of clearance space (more if cover will be required) on all sides of the DRU (except the bottom) to ensure there is adequate air circulation for cooling. In addition, at least one surface of the DRU installation area must be open to the interior of the building. Refer to Figure 4 for the DRU dimensions.
Page 18
© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.
2.3 Powering Requirements
2.3.1 DHU and DEU Powering
The DHU and DEU are powered by 120–240 VAC (50–60 Hz) which is supplied through a standard three-conductor AC power cord. The 120 VAC power cord is provided with the unit and is 98 inches (2.5 m) long. The DHU has a power consumption rating of 24 watts and the DEU has a power consumption rating of 22 watts. Locate each unit so that an AC outlet is within the reach of the power cord.
If back-up powering is required, it is recommended that the building Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) system be used to provide back-up power to the DHU and DEU in the event of an AC power outage.
2.3.2 DRU Powering
The DRU is powered by 48 VDC power which is supplied to the DRU through the front panel RJ-45 connector. Power to the DRU may be provided by the DHU, DEU, or by a 120 VAC to 48 VDC power converter (available separately as an accessory item) plugged into a properly grounded 120 VAC outlet. The DRU has a power consumption rating of 17 watts.
ADCP-75-110 Issue B March 2001
If the DRU will be powered by the DHU or DEU, the power cable must be fabricated on-site by the installer. Use category 5 twisted pair cable as the power supply cable when the DRU is powered by the DHU or DEU. Route the power cable between the power source and the DRU. Terminate both ends of the power cable with a male RJ-45 connector.
The DRU may be powered locally by the AC/DC converter, shown in Figure 10, which is available as an accessory item. The converter is a UL Listed stand alone Limited Power Supply (LPS) unit with a rated output of 48 VDC at 1.2 A. The converter is equipped with a 6-foot (1.8 m) DC power cable which is terminated with an RJ-45 male connector. The converter is powered by 120–240 VAC (50–60 Hz) power which is supplied though a standard three-conductor AC power cord. The 120 VAC power cord is 6 feet (1.8 m) long and is provided with the converter.
15988-A
Figure 10. AC/DC Power Converter
© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.
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ADCP-75-110 Issue B March 2001
2.4 Optical Options and Requirements
Each DHU and its associated DEUs and DRUs are connected over a pair of fiber optic links. One link transports the forward path optical signal and the other link transports the reverse path optical signal. Either 50 or 62.5 micron core multi-mode fiber optic cable may be used for the optical link. If 50 micron cable is used, the optical link may be up to 750 meters (2,460.75 ft) in length. If 62.5 micron cable is used, the optical link may be up to 500 meters (1,640.5 ft) in length.
Whenever possible, use conduit or a guideway such as the FiberGuide system to route the optical links between the DHU, the DEUs, and the DRUs. Avoid routing optical fibers through ladder type cable racks or troughs that do not provide sufficient support to limit bending or prevent accidental damage. Tie-wrapping is not recommended as a means of securing fiber optic cables. Provide sufficient slack at each unit for connecting each fiber to the required port. Fibers may be pre­terminated or terminated on-site using field-installable LC type connectors.
2.5 Coaxial Cable Requirements
The DHU interfaces either locally (see Figure 8) or remotely (see Figure 9) with the BTS through coaxial cable connections. In a local interface with the BTS, coaxial cables are required to link the DHU with the LIU and the LIU with the BTS. In a remote interface, coaxial cables are required to link the DHU with the RIU and the RIU with the donor antenna. The DHU, LIU, and RIU are equipped with N-type female connectors for connecting the forward and reverse path coaxial cables. Use high performance, flexible, low loss 50-ohm coaxial communications cable (RG 400 or equivalent) for all connections.
2.6 System Expansion Planning
The DEU enables 6-way expansion of any optical port. This makes is possible to add more DRUs without having to install additional DHUs. Each DHU is equipped with six optical ports. If more than six DRUs are required by the application, a DEU may be connected to one of the optical ports at the DHU which expands that port to six ports. If still more optical ports are required, then a second DEU may be connected to the DHU or a second DEU may be connected to the first DEU. The ability to cascade DEU’s in parallel or in series provides unlimited flexibility. It is physically possible to connect an unlimited number DRUs to the DHU through the installation of DEUs.
The total number of DRU’s that can be served is limited by the cumulative noise effect caused by antenna combining. This number cannot be determined until the radius distance of coverage required at the DRU antenna is determined and the path loss attributed to the structure are known. The system design requires that the carrier to noise differential be greater than the customer’s desired signal to noise ratio.
If it is likely that the system will be expanded in the future, locate the DHU in such a way that it can either be used as a hub for an expanded system or replaced with a DEU which is then connected to a relocated DHU. It should also be noted that a DEU can be used as an optical regenerator. A DRU may sometimes need to be located at a point that is beyond the 500 or 750 meter limit (depending on fiber type) imposed by the optical link. The solution is to install a DEU at the maximum optical link limit (500 or 750 meters) from the DHU. This provides an additional 500 or 750 meters of optical link beyond the DEU for connecting the DRU.
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© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.
2.7 DRU Antenna Options
Four antennas, shown in Figure 11, are available from ADC for use with the DRU. All antennas include a 6 foot (1.8 m) long 50-ohm coaxial cable (equipped with SMA male connector) for connection to the DRU. The DRU is equipped with an SMA female connector for connecting the antenna cable.
The DRU antennas are designed for unobtrusive mounting within an office environment. Each type of antenna provides a specific coverage pattern in order to accommodate the shape of the area where coverage is required. The ceiling-mount omnidirectional antenna provides 2.5 dBi of gain and is designed to mount in the center of the coverage area. The directional panel antenna provides 8 dBi of gain and is designed to mount vertically on one side of the coverage area. The 90º panel antenna provides 7.5 dBi of gain and is designed to mount vertically in the corner of the coverage area. The ceiling mount hallway antenna provides 4 dBi of gain and is designed to mount in the center of long corridors. Other antennas other than those offered by ADC may also be used if required.
Note: To comply with Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE) requirements, antennas must be installed to provide at least 20 centimeters of separation from all persons per FCC 47 CFR part 2.1091.
ADCP-75-110 Issue B March 2001
MOUNTING STUD
LENGTH - 1.5 INCHES
CEILING-MOUNT
OMNIDIRECTIONAL
8.65 INCHES
DIRECTIONAL PANEL
(WALL-MOUNT)
ALL ANTENNAS ARE EQUIPPED WITH
A 72-INCH RG58/U CABLE TERMINATED
WITH A MALE SMA CONNECTOR
2.26 INCHES
6.14 INCH DIAMETER
1.05 INCH DEPTH
3.88 INCHES
CEILING-MOUNT
HALLWAY
2.38 INCHES
6.55 INCHES
2.38 INCHES 90 DEGREE DIRECTIONAL
(CORNER MOUNT)
MOUNTING STUD
LENGTH - 1.5 INCHES
7.26 INCHES
7.90 INCHES
8.65 INCHES
MOUNTING STUD
LENGTH - 3.85 INCHES
16237-A
Figure 11. DRU Antenna Options
© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.
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ADCP-75-110 Issue B March 2001
2.8 Local Alarm System Reporting Requirements
The DHU provides normally open (NO) and normally closed (NC) dry alarm contacts for reporting minor and major alarms to an external alarm system. A minor alarm is defined as a high temperature condition. A major alarm is defined as any fault condition except high temperature. Connections to the alarm contacts are provided through a screw-type terminal strip. Use #26 AWG insulated solid copper wire for the alarm wires. If an external alarm system is not in use, no alarm connections are required.
2.9 Maintenance Requirements
The Digivance ICS requires no regular maintenance to insure continuous and satisfactory operation. Maintenance, as it applies to the Digivance ICS, primarily involves diagnosing and correcting service problems as they occur. Faults and failures arising from within the Digivannce ICS will generate an external alarm response which includes lighting an LED indicator(s) and closing or opening a set of alarm contacts. When an alarm is reported, it will be necessary to isolate the source of the problem by observing the LED indicators on each unit and then performing specified tests to isolate the problem. Once the source of the fault is isolated, the appropriate action can be taken to correct the problem. The only unit components that can be replaced are the cooling fans which mount in the DHU and the DEU. The failure of any other component within a unit will require replacement of the unit. Basic troubleshooting procedures are provided in section 5 of this manual.
2.10 System Design Recommendations
Follow a systematic process when designing an in-building coverage solution. The following sub sections outline the four phases of the in-building coverage solution design process. System design and planning services are available from ADC if required. Refer to section 6 of this manual for additional information.
2.10.1 Phase One - Initial Evaluation
Qualify the Installation: Confirm that there are no extenuating circumstances that would
prevent a successful installation such as: extreme cellular system issues (blocking, severe interference, site problems, etc.), building issues, power issues, or safety issues (site should not present any hazards or conditions that would make operation of the equipment unsafe).
Analyze the RF Situation: Determine how the system RF link to the outside world will be
provided. Will it be a direct feed from a BTS (microcell) or an over-the-air connection via a donor antenna? If it is a donor antenna, is the customer within the coverage footprint of a serving cell or better? The coverage can be determined during the preliminary walkthrough by checking the downlink Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) outside the building with a unity gain sampling antenna. Sometimes a rooftop reading is needed to obtain a sufficient signal level. Note that it is an FCC violation to expand the normal coverage footprint of a cellular site with an in-building product. In addition, consider the impact the system will have on traffic, especially the busy hour. Confirm with the service provider that the expected increase in the volume of calls will be addressed (if needed), possibly with additional equipment such as additional channels or a microcell.
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© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.
ADCP-75-110 Issue B March 2001
Determine the Amount of Building Attenuation: If a donor antenna will provide the RF link
to the BTS, determine if there is enough signal isolation between the donor antenna and the in­building system to avoid a feedback loop and signal degradation. This step can often be accomplished during the preliminary walkthrough.
Discuss Installation with Building Management and Engineering: Discuss all initially
anticipated Digivance ICS coverage areas (including any obviously desirable cable routings,
equipment installations, power and mechanical requirements) with the authorized client and building personnel for an initial approval/confirmation. This gives a good estimate of the extent of the system work needed. Occasionally, some of the system design work can be accomplished at this point.
2.10.2 Phase Two - System Design
Determine forward and reverse path loss and then design for unity gain on the uplink and maximum power out of the DRU on the downlink: The overall purpose of the
Digivance ICS is to transparently overcome attenuation losses, not to provide additional gain beyond what is required to bring the signal to unity gain. Complete the following steps to make this determination:
1. Determine the in-building reverse path (uplink) losses at typical operating frequencies and distances from the subscriber handset (terminal) to the DRU. This information will be used to determine the optimal uplink signal level to the outside world.
2. Determine the typical composite cell site Effective Radiated Power (ERP) into the system. Calculate the interface adjustment required to feed the required downlink signal level to the DHU in order to drive the DRU output signal at the desired level.
Determine the location of the DHU and its RF and AC power sources: Complete the
following steps to make this determination:
1. Determine where and how the DHU will be mounted.
2. Determine the location of the DHU AC power source.
3. Determine the RF source (LIU with BTS or RIU with BTS through donor antenna) for the DHU.
4. If an LIU connection with the BTS is required, determine the distance to the DHU.
5. If a RIU connection with the BTS is required, determine what type of antenna is needed and where it can be mounted.
6. Determine the attenuation or amplification requirements for the DHU to BTS interface.
© 2001, ADC Telecommunications, Inc.
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