ZyXEL Communications U-336S, U-336SA User Manual

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U-336S and U-336SA

User’s Manual

Version 3.0

ZyXEL

TOTAL INTERNET ACCESS SOLUTION

ZyXEL Limited Warranty

ZyXEL warrants to the original end user (purchaser) that this product is free from any defects in materials or workmanship for a period of up to two (2) years from the date of purchase. During the warranty period, and upon proof of purchase, should the product have indications of failure due to faulty workmanship and/or materials, ZyXEL will, at its discretion, repair or replace the defective products or components without charge for either parts or labor, and to whatever extent it shall deem necessary to restore the product or components to proper operating condition. Any replacement will consist of a new or remanufactured functionally equivalent product of equal value, and will be solely at the discretion of ZyXEL. This warranty shall not apply if the product is modified, misused, tampered with, damaged by an act of God, or subjected to abnormal working conditions.

Note: Repair or replacement, as provided under this warranty, is the exclusive remedy of the purchaser. This warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, express or implied, including any implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular use or purpose. ZyXEL shall in no event be held liable for indirect or consequential damages of any kind or character to the purchaser.

To obtain the services of this warranty, please contact ZyXEL’s Service Center, refer to the separate Warranty Card for your Return Material Authorization number (RMA). Products must be returned Postage Prepaid. It is recommended that the unit be insured when shipped. Any returned products without proof of purchase or those with an out-dated warranty will be repaired or replaced (at the discretion of ZyXEL) and the customer will be billed for parts and labor. All repaired or replaced products will be shipped by ZyXEL to the corresponding return address, Postage Paid (USA and territories only). If the customer

desires some other return destination beyond the U.S. borders, the customer shall bear the cost of the return shipment. This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights which vary from state to state.

The contents of this book may not be reproduced (in any part or as a whole) or transmitted in any form or by any means without the written permission of the publisher.

application or use of any products, or software described herein. Neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the patents rights of others. ZyXEL further reserves the right to make changes in any products described herein without notice. This document is subject to change without notice.

Acknowledgments

Trademarks mentioned in this manual are used for informational purposes only.

Trademarks are properties of their respective owners.

FCC Part 15 Information

This device complies with Part 15 of FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:

1. This device may not cause harmful interference.

2. This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operations.

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a CLASS A digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These

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limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy, and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.

If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio/television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

• Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver.

• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that

to which the receiver is connected.

• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment. Shielded RS-232 cables are required to be used to ensure compliance with FCC Part 15, and it is the responsibility of the user to provide and use shielded RS-232 cables.

Information for Canadi an Users

The Industry Canada label identifies certified equipment. This certification means that the equipment meets certain telecommunications network protective, operation, and safety requirements. The Industry Canada does not guarantee that the equipment will operate to a user’s satisfaction.

Before installing this equipment, users should ensure that it is permissible to be connected to the facilities of the local telecommunications

company. The equipment must also be installed using an acceptable method of connection. In some cases, the company’s inside wiring associated with a single line individual service may be extended by means of a certified connector assembly. The customer should be aware that the compliance with the above conditions may not prevent degradation of service in some situations.

Repairs to certified equipment should be made by an authorized Canadian maintenance facility designated by the supplier. Any repairs or alterations made by the user to this equipment, or equipment malfunctions, may give the telecommunications company cause to request the user to disconnect the equipment.

For their own protection, users should ensure that the electrical ground connections of the power utility, telephone lines, and internal metallic water pipe system, if present, are connected together. This precaution may be particularly important in rural areas.

Caution: Users should not attempt to make such connections themselves, but should contact the appropriate electrical inspection authority, or electrician, as appropriate.

This digital apparatus does not exceed the class A limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus set out in the radio interference regulations of Industry Canada.

The declarations of CE marking:

Note: This applies only for U-336S model.

This product has been approved for connection to the Public Switched Telecommunication Network using interfaces compatible with ITU-TSS recommendation I.420 (Basic Rate ISDN user access). This product complies with the following directives:

1. The Council Directive 89/336/EEC of 3 May 1992 on the approximation of the laws of the member states relation to Electro Magnetic Compatibility. (EMC Directive)

2. Council Directive 91/263/EEC of 29 April 1991 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States concerning telecommunication terminal equipment. (The Telecom Terminal Equipment Directive)

3. 93/68/EEC of 22 July 1993 amending the Directives 89/336/EEC, 91/263 /EEC and 92/31/EEC.(Marking Directive)

The Council Directive 92/31/EEC of 28 April 1992 amending

directive on the approximation of the laws of the member states relating to EletoMagnetic Compatibility.

Contacting ZyXEL

If you have questions about your ZyXEL product or desire assistance, contact ZyXEL Communications Corporation in one of the following ways:

• Phone: In North America call between 8:00 AM and 5:00 PM PST at (714) 693-0808

Outside North America, you can dial +886-3-5783942 between

8:00AM and 5:00PM Taiwan time (GMT +8:00).

• Fax: ZyXEL in North America: (714) 693-8811 or Taiwan: +886- 3-5782439

• E-mail:

• Sales inquiries: sales@zyxel.com in North America

sales@zyxel.com.tw outside North America.

• Technical support: support@zyxel.com in North America.

support@zyxel.com.tw outside North America.

• Product information: Visit our site on the World Wide Web: http://www.zyxel.com.

• FTP: Information , such as ZyXEL software and ROM updates for North America can be found at this FTP address: ftp.zyxel.com

For European versions and related files, use the address:

ftp.zyxel.co.at

• Postal Service: You can send written communications at the following address:

ZyXEL Communications Corporation 6, Innovation Road II, Science-Based Industrial Park Hsinchu, Taiwan 300, R.O.C. or ZyXEL Communications Inc. 1650 Miraloma Avenue Placentia, CA92870, U.S.A.

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Contents

ZyXEL Limited Warranty ii FCC Part 15 Information iii Information for Canadian Users iv Contacting ZyXEL vi

1 Introduction 1

Required Equipment 1 Modem Features 2

Standard Features 2 Intelligent Features 3 Fax Compatibility 4 Technical Specifications 4

2 Installation 7

Front Panel 7

Front Panel LEDs 8 Front Panel Switches 9 Rear Panel Markings 9

Modem Connection 10 Powering Up 12

3 Basic Modem Operation 13

Understanding AT Commands 13

Using the Windows 95 Hyper Terminal Program 14

Dialing and Answering Techniques 15

Dialing using the ATD Command 15

Auto-Answer and Hook Controls 16

Quick Tips when issuing AT Commands 17

Modem Result Codes 19 Viewing S Register Values 19 Changing S Register Values 20

Non-Volatile Memory 20

Storing Phone Numbers 21 Dialing Stored Phone Numbers 21 Saving Settings and User Profiles 21

Helpful Hints for PC Computers 22

Default Modem Settings for PC’s 23 ZyXEL Serial/Parallel I/O Card 23

Helpful Hints for Mac Computers 24

Special AT Command Settings for Mac 24 Mac Serial Port 24 Mac Software Tips 24

Helpful Hints for UNIX-Based Computers 25

Serial Cable 25 Basic Modem Settings for UNIX 25 Unix Software Tips 26

4 LCD Panel Operation 28

LCD Panel 28 Panel Operation 29

Menu Tree 30 LED Status Screen 30 Double Arrows on The Screen 31

Dialing 31

Dial Memory 32 Storing a Number 32 View and Store a Number 33

Dialing a Number 33 Manual Dial 34 Repeat Last Dial 35 Auto Answer 35

Dialing Messages 36 Panel Lock 41 V.25bis Command Set 42 Clock Options 43 RTS Options 44 Command State Options 44 Dialing from Synchronous Mode 44 Answering from Synchronous Mode 45

Auto-Answer 45 Manual Answer 45

5 Leased Line Operation 46

Connecting to a Leased Line 46

Power Level Setting 46

Leased Line Handshaking 46

Manual Connect 47 Auto Handshake 47 Aborting from Leased-Line Operation 47

Terminating a Leased Line Connection 48

6 Special Functions 50

Security Functions 50

Levels of Security 50 User Passwords 51

Remote Configuration 53 Caller Number Delivery (Caller ID) 54 Distinctive Ring 57

Extended Distinctive Ring (EDR) 59

Setting Up EDR 60 EDR Application Example 61

7 Fax Operation 64

Fax Basics 64 Modem as Fax Machine 65

ITU-T T.30 Fax Protocol 65

Fax Command sets 66

Defining the Fax Command Sets 66 Class 1 Command Set 67 Class 2 Command Set 68 Class 2.0 Command Set 74 Extended Fax AT Command Set 81 Flow Control 85

Fax Reception from a BBS 86

8 AT Command Set Summaries 88

Basic AT Command Set 88

Description of ATI2 Output: 91

Extended AT& Command Set 94 Extended AT* Command Set 100

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9 Status Registers & Result Codes 105

S-Register Descriptions 105

Basic S-Registers "ATSn=x" 105 Extended S-Registers "ATSn=x" 106

Result Code Options 124

"ATXn" Result Code Option Table 124 Result Code Field Descriptions 126

Connect Strings for Error Corrected Connections 127

10 Diagnostics & Troubleshooting 128

Diagnostics 128

Power-On Self Test 128 Resetting The Modem 129 Loopback Tests 130 Indicator Lights 132 Line Condition Status Display 132

Trouble Shooting 135

AT Command Set Problems 135 Command Echo Problems 136 Answer Problems 137 Dialing Problems 138 Data Transfer Problems 138 Connection Problems 139

11 Upgrading Your Modem 140

Upgrading by Flash EPROM 140 Kernel Recovery Mode 141

12 Connector Pinouts 142

Phone Jack Pinouts 142 PC Serial Port Pinouts 142 Macintosh Serial Port Pinouts 144

13 Index 146

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1 Introduction

Congratulations on the purchase of your U-336S/SA modem - one of ZyXEL's premier high-performance products. The U-336S and the U336SA modem are world renown for their ability to maintain ultra high speeds and clear, quality connections while communicating around the globe.

This User’s Guide describes the use of both U-336S and U-336SA models and gives instructions for their installation and operation. All the features are common to both the models except for different input terminal. The U-336S modem requires an AC power adapter whereas the U-336SA can be directly connected to the AC power outlet.

If you do not find information on a specific topic, or if you would like more information about a topic covered in your User's Manual, please call ZyXEL Technical Support at 714-693-0808. Other means of contacting ZyXEL are listed in the Contacting ZyXEL section.

Required Equipment

In addition to the ZyXEL modem you just purchased, you must have the following equipment to operate your modem:

• Computer terminal.

• Available PC serial port with a high-speed 16550 UART.

• Standard "straight-through” RS-232 cable (pins 1-8, 20, 22).

• Available telephone jack.

Introduction 1

• One AC power adapter (external model) for U336S modem only.

• Available AC wall outlet.

• Telephone line from your telephone company (dial-up or leased

line).

• Data and fax communication software.

Modem Features

No other 33.6 Kbps modem gives you so much for so little. Your modem is equipped with an array of standard and ZyXEL-famous Intelligent features designed to make your data communications faster, easier, and more convenient.

Standard Features

• Ultra-high speed modem supports V.34bis for 33,600bps and is backwards compatible

2 Introduction

• Operates in all environments including: Windows 95, DOS, Windows, Macintosh, OS/2, UNIX, Novell, Amiga, and IBM AS400/RS6000.

• V.42 and MNP 4/3 error correction.

• V.42bis and MNP 5 data compression.

• DTE serial interface with speeds up to 460.8Kbps.

• 20 x 2 LCD display.

• 10 LED indicators.

• Exten ded AT command set with V.25bis.

• Operates on 2-wire dial-up or 2-wire leased line.

Intelligent Features

• Automatic data and voice call detection allows you to use a single telephone line to handle both types of calls.

• Asynchronous and synchronous modes for reliable serial data communication.

• Fast retrain with automatic fall-forward and fall-back. Your modem will automatically fall back to lower speeds when communicating with slower modems and when encountering unstable or variable line conditions.

• Call-back security and password protection restricts access to authorized callers only.

• Caller ID identifies incoming calls before you answer (you must subscribe to this service through your telephone company in order for your modem to identify callers).

• Distinctive ring detects data and voice calls (this feature requires communication software that supports distinctive ring, such as ZFAX)

• Remote configuration capability.

• EDR (extended Distinctive Ring).

• Flash EPROM memory lets you easily upload new firmware,

providing you with easy access to new features.

Introduction 3

• ZyXEL exclusive Kernel Recovery Mode for no hassle recovery from failed flash uploads - no factory repairs.

Fax Compatibility

• EIA Class 1, 2, and 2.0 Fax commands.

• ITU-T V.17 G3: up to 14,400bps.

• ITU-T V.29 G3: up to 9,600bps.

• ITU-T V.27ter G3: up to 4,800bps.

• ZyXEL Fax AT commands.

Technical Specifications

• Operating mode: auto-dial/answer.

• Flow control: software XON/XOFF or hardware CTS/RTS.

• Configuration settings: software programmable with non-volatile

memory for phone number/profile storage.

4 Introduction

• Diagnostics: self test, analog loopback (with self test), digital loopback, and remote digital loopback (with self test).

• Dialing type: tone/pulse dialing.

• Line interface: 2-wire dial-up or 2-wire leased line.

• Call progress monitoring: dial tone, busy, and ring back detection.

• Audio Monitor: programmable volume control.

Introduction 5

6 Introduction

2 Installation

This chapter describes the panel function and installation procedure for the U-336S/SA.

A shielded RS-232 cable is required to ensure compliance with FCC Part 15, and it is the responsibility of the user to provide and use a shielded RS-232 cable. Make sure your installation site is clean and well ventilated. The ventilation slot of your ZyXEL modem located on the sides and bottom should not be covered and should allow free movement of air.

Front Panel

The U-336S and the U-336SA models have 10 LED indicators, a 20 x 2 LCD display, and four key switches. The following figure shows the front panel of the U-336S.

Figure 2-1 Front Panel

The next figure shows the front panel of the U-336SA modem.

Installation 7

Figure 2-2 U-336SA Front Panel

Front Panel LEDs

PWR Power ON indicator, loghts up when your modem is turned

ON.

OH Off-Hook indicator, lights up when your modem is in data

mode or off-hook. It goes out when your modem is in talk mode or on-hook.

AA Auto-Answer indicator, lights up when your modem is in the

Auto Answer Mode; flashes when modem rings. In error control mode, it flashes when retransmitting.

DTR Data Terminal Ready indicator, lights up when your DTE or

computer indicates that it is ready to begin communication.

DSR DTE mode: Data Set Ready Indicator, lights up when the

modem is ready for communication.

TXD Transmit indicator, ON when your DTE/computer transmits

data on the serial port.

8 Installation

RXD Receive indicator, ON when your DTE/computer receives data

on the serial port.

CD Carrier Detect indicator; lights up when a valid carrier is

detected present on the line.

RTS DTE mode: Request To Send indicator; indicates the signal

status of RS232 signal RTS from DTE. RTS is used for hardware flow control in asynchronous data transmission.

CTS DTE mode: Clear To Send indicator; lights up when modem

can accept data for transmission. It indicates the signal status of RS232 signal CTS.

Front Panel Switches

The four arrow keys are for panel operations, allow intuitive menu tree operation and display modem status. Refer to Panel Operstion section in the Chapter LCD Panel Operation for details of menu key operations.

Rear Panel Markings

The U-336S/SA rear panels are shown below:

Figure 2-3 U-336S Rear Panel

Figure 2-4 U-336SA Rear Panel

Explanations of the connectors and switch on the rear panel are given below.

• POWER

Installation 9

Power switch, turns the modem ON or OFF.

• POWER JACK

Input terminal for power. Use the supplied AC adapter for U-336S

model. For U-336SA model you can use your power cord to directly connect to the AC power outlet.

• LINE

Dial -up line RJ-11 terminal jack, for connection to a 2-wire dial-up

or 2-wire leased line.

• PHONE

RJ-11 terminal jack, for connection to a telephone set.

• EIA-232D

Serial port DB25S connector, for connection to the serial port of a

DTE (computer/terminal). Pin assignments are listed in Chapter 12 Connector Pinouts for your reference. The signal-pi n assignments for RJ-11 phone jacks are also listed in Chapter 12 Connector Pinouts.

Modem Connection

When you connect your U-336S modem to the power line, make sure you only use the power adapter that is supplied with this unit. Use of another adapter may not allow your modem to operate and could result in serious damage to the unit.

This adapter is rated for direct connection to an AC power outlet. Connect your modem as shown in Figure 2-5 U-336S Modem Connections.

10 Installation

Figure 2-5 U-336S Modem Connections

For the U-336SA you don’t need an AC adapter. Use the supplied power cord to connect your modem to the AC power outlet.

Figure 2-6 U-336SA Modem Connections

If a leased line is not used, simply leave the connection open. There are no DIP switches or configuration settings that you need to worry about. Your modem comes factory pre-set and allows you to fully configure the modem from the LCD display. User configurations are also

Installation 11

conveniently stored in user selectable non-volatile memories and can be recalled as often as needed.

Powering Up

Once your modem’s power switch is turned ON, a series of diagnostic tests will be performed while a message is shown on the LCD panel. For a more detailed description of these diagnostic tests, please refer to Chapter 10 Diagnostics & Troubleshooting.

After performing the diagnostic tests, your modem will display the current modem settings on the LCD panel as shown below:

Your modem is now ready for use.

LINK OPTION

Figure 2-7 Idle Screen

12 Installation

Multi-auto V42b DL D R O A 115200 AS

ERROR CONTROL LINE TYPE

DATA FORMAT

DTE RATE

ANSWER MODE

ORIGINATE MODE

REDIAL LAST NUMBER

DIALING

3 Basic Modem Operation

This chapter covers the basic commands and techniques involved in modem operation. In many cases, this is the only information you will need in order to get up and running with communication software, and to start making connections with your modem.

Understanding AT Commands

The U-336S/SA communicates asynchronously with computers using AT commands. AT commands are used to configure and control your modem. Commands are usually sent to the modem by way of communication software, but can also be entered manually by the user with the computer keyboard.

Command statements must be written in a specific form in order for your modem to recognize them. A command statement always begins with the letters AT or at. It is then followed by one or more commands and the <Enter> key.

AT commands can only be issued when your modem is in “command mode” or “off-line.”

Once your modem has established a connection with another modem it is said to be “on-line” or in “data mode.” In this mode, the characters sent to your modem by your computer are transmitted to the remote modem rather than being interpreted by your modem as commands.

Basic Modem Operation 13

Using the Windows 95 Hyper Terminal Program

In order to issue an AT command statement, you first need to run a communication program such as the Microsoft Windows “Hyper Terminal ” program. This program provides a simple method to manually enter AT commands so you can do such things as “customize” the settings of your modem, or store commonly used phone numbers.

Once your modem is connected to your computer’s serial port and telephone line, open the Windows 95 “Accessories” program group, and open the Hyper Terminal Program.

The program will prompt you for a name and Icon to use for your new connection. Type the name Test Connection and press <Enter>.

Next, you will be prompted for country information, area code and phone number, and the device used to make the connection. For this test purpose, do not enter a phone number; simply choose the COM port your modem is connected to from the “Connect Using” list. Click “OK” when finished.

The next window sets the COM port settings. The settings used for your modem should be as follows.

Bits per second: 57600 Data bits: 8 Parity: None Stop bits: 1 Flow Control: Hardware

Click “OK” when finished. After you have done this, save your new connection by selecting “Save” from the “File” menu and click “OK.” A new connection icon will be added to your Hyper Terminal folder.

14 Basic Modem Operation

You are now ready to start entering AT commands. In the terminal window, type:

AT<Enter>

Your modem responds

This confirms that the modem and your computer are communicating correctly.

To test the telephone line connection issue the manual answer command.

Type:

ATA<Enter>

Your modem will pick up the phone line, and try to communicate. Normally, this command is only used to answer an incoming call made from another modem, thus the high pitched tone you will hear from the speaker. To abort the operation, press any key, or select “Discon nect” from the “Call” menu.

Dialing and Answering Techniques

Depending on what communications software you use to make modem connections, you may not have as much control of how the modem dials the telephone number. This section shows some useful examples of the AT commands used for dialing and answering operations. The command characters specific to each function are shown in bold type.

Dialing using the ATD Command

Touch Tone Dialing: ATDT 555 1212 Pulse Dialing: ATDP 555 1212

Basic Modem Operation 15

Tone and Pulse Dialing: ATDP 555 1212 WT 24 Dialing Through a PBX: ATDT 9 W 555 1212

ONOTE: THE 'W' IN THE DIAL STRING WILL CAUSE THE MODEM TO WAIT FOR A SECOND

DIAL TONE BEFORE IT CONTINUES TO DIAL.

Pausing During Dialing: ATDT 9,,555 1212

ONOTE: THE PAUSE TIME FOR EACH COMMA IS DEFINED BY S REGISTER S8. DEFAULT

IS 2 SECONDS PER COMMA.

Di aling Without Waiting for Dial Tone: ATX0D, 555 1212 Originating a call using an Answer Tone: ATDT 555 1212,,,,,,R Redialing the Last Number Called: ATDL Waiting for Five Seconds of Silence: ATDT 800 555 1212 @ 123456,1 714 555 1212 Transferring a Call (using flash hook): ATDT! 2468

Auto-Answer and Hook Controls

Enabling Auto-Answer: ATS0=n

ONOTE: IN THIS EXAMPLE, N IS A NUMBER FROM 1 TO 255 THAT CORRESPONDS TO THE

NUMBER OF RINGS AFTER WHICH YOUR MODEM ANSWERS AN INCOMING CALL.

Disabling Auto-Answer: ATS0=0 Manually Answering a Call: ATA Take modem off-hook: ATH1 Hang up modem (on-hook): ATH0 Manually Disconnecting a Call: +++ATH

16 Basic Modem Operation

Quick Tips when issuing AT Commands

• The ENTER or RETURN key must be pressed to execute a command.

• Multiple AT commands can be combined into one line. For example, AT&D2 and AT&N0 can be combined into one line AT&D2&N0.

• Your modem processes commands from left to right. The AT command that appears to the right might over-write the command to the left if they are trying to accomplish tasks or set modes that cannot coexist.

• If you see duplicated characters for each one you type, your modem and software both have their “echo” feature turned on. The modem command echo state is switched off using ATE0 and on using ATE1 (default). To eliminate the double characters, turn off the software’s command echo rather than using the ATE0 command. If you see no characters in your terminal window when you type, the modem’s echo setting is probably set to off. In this case, issue the ATE1 command.

• When a command is successfully issued and accepted, a modem responds with a “Result Code.” Your modem supports both “verbose” result codes (i.e. “OK”), and “numerical ” result codes (i.e. “0”). You can use the ATV command to set it one way or the other as follows.

Command Description

ATV0 Select numerical result code. ATV1 Select verbose result code.

Basic Modem Operation 17

There are a few basic commands that do not require the “AT” command prefix. These are as follows:

Command Description

A/ Repeats the last issued AT command once. A> Repeats the last issued AT command once, or re-

dials the last dialed number up to 9 times until a key is pressed or a connection is made.

<any key> Terminates the current connection attempt, if

pressed while modem is handshaking.

+++ Escape code sequence. Entered while the modem

is in Data Mode. Returns modem to Command Mode.

The U-336S/SA supports several groups of AT commands:

AT Command Set/Type Example

Basic AT (Hayes compatible) ATB0 Basic AT$ (on line help) AT$ Extended AT& commands AT&N0 Extended AT* commands AT*I1 Fax AT+ commands AT+FCLASS=2 S-Register command ATS0=1 S-Register bit-mapped command (set SRegister bit 1 equal to 1) S-Register inquiry command ATS0? Or ATS13.1?

ATS13.1=1

You may browse the lists of available commands for each command set by using the on-line help commands: AT$, AT*$, AT&$, and ATS$. Further detail on AT commands will be covered in the chapters that pertain to their use.

18 Basic Modem Operation

Modem Result Codes

When you execute or try to execute an AT command, your modem sends a result code to let you know whether the command was executed. An OK result code means the AT command you sent was executed. If you receive an ERROR code, it means the command was invalid.

The U-336S/SA also provides result codes that show:

• Whether or not a Dial Tone was detected when the modem originated a call.

• If a busy signal was detected when the modem originated a call.

• If a remote telephone ring was detected when dialing.

• The speed, protocol, and error control/data compression method

used.

• If your modem has detected an incoming ring.

Result codes can originate from any of eight result code sets. The ATXn command lets you choose which set of result codes your modem uses. By default, your modem uses result codes equivalent to the ATX5 command.

The result code options will be covered more thoroughly in later chapters.

Viewing S Register Values

Status registers (or "S-registers") contain values that determine the modem ’s operating characteristics. Whenever you send an AT command to your modem, you are actually changing the value of an Sregister.

Basic Modem Operation 19

You can use the Sr? command to view the value of S-register ‘r’. For example, to view the value of S-register S0, which controls autoanswering, type ATS0? and press Enter. The modem responds with a three-digit character showing the value of this register, followed by OK. A value of 002, for example, means your modem will auto-answer incoming calls after the second ring.

Some S-registers are bit mapped. For these registers, you can use the Sr.b? command to read their values.

For example, to read the value of S-register S35, bit 7, type ATS35.7? and press Enter. The modem responds with an appropriate value, followed by OK.

Changing S Register Values

You can use the ATS0=n command to change the value of an Sregister.

For example, to have your modem auto-answer an incoming call after two rings, set S-register 0 to 2. Be sure the n value is between 1 and

255. If n is set to 0, your modem will not answer incoming calls.

Non-Volatile Memory

The U-336S/SA has an amount of memory set aside for storing user information such as frequently used phone numbers and default command settings. The latter is particularly useful when using your modem to call a variety of different locations that require different settings. For this reason, your modem provides a number of user “Profiles” that can be accessed through simple AT commands. This section covers the topics of storing phone numbers, and saving default settings in the power-on profile.

20 Basic Modem Operation

Storing Phone Numbers

The AT command to store a phone number is in the format AT&Z s=n. The ‘s’ is a number from 0 to 49 that represents the location in memory

that the phone number is to be stored, and the ‘n’ is the phone number itself.

Example: To store the number ‘1-714-555-1212’ in memory location ‘2’, type:

AT&Z2=17145551212<Enter>

You can store up to 50 telephone numbers.

Dialing Stored Phone Numbers

The AT command syntax used to dial a stored number is ATDS=n. The ‘n’ is the memory location of the stored number you want to dial.

ONOTE: AS A GENERAL RULE, WHEN A LETTER IN AN AT COMMAND DEFINITION IS

SHOWN IN ITALIC TYPE, THE LETTER IS NOT TO BE ENTERED AS PART OF THE COMMAND, BUT RATHER IS REPRESENTATIVE OF A NUMBER OR STRING EXPECTED AS INPUT. FOR EXAMPLE: THE LETTER ‘S’ IN THE ATDS=N COMMAND IS ACTUALLY TYPED, UNLIKE THE ‘S’ IN THE AT&Z S=N COMMAND WHICH REPRESENTS A NUMBER.

Saving Settings and User Profiles

There are some cases where you may wish to save the settings you have made as the default settings that are recalled when your modem is powered up. The AT&WZ command selects the current settings as the power-on profile.

There are four profiles that can be changed by the user, and one factory default profile. The following table lists the syntax for the commands involved in storing, recalling, and viewing profile settings:

Basic Modem Operation 21

AT&Vn Views the settings in profile (n-1); n=0 to 5; n=0 views

current settings. AT&Wn Stores the current settings in user profile ‘n’; n=0 to 3. ATZn Resets the current settings with the settings in profile ‘n’,

n=0 to 4.

Profiles 0 to 3: User profiles. Profile 4: Factory default profile.

Helpful Hints for PC Computers

Most PCs are equipped with more than one serial port. Standard cables are readily available from many suppliers. Usually, serial ports are manufactured in two forms, either with a 25-pin male jack or a 9pin male jack. For high speed serial connections at 230.4Kbps or

460.8Kbps, use a low-capacitance cable. Also, keep the cable as short as possible.

The serial port is driven by interrupts. Every interrupt needs a certain amount of overhead processing time. Too many interrupts reduce the computer's efficiency. The UART 16450 is very commonly used in serial port devices. For every character (byte) received, it generates an interrupt. If your hardware allows it and if your software supports it, replace the 16450 UART with a 16550 model. This newer chip has an internal buffer and generates an interrupt for up to every 16 characters (several trigger levels are available). With this UART installed, you may drive your serial port at 57600 bps and above.

While data is written from the transfer-buffer to your hard-disk, characters may be lost at the serial port. This is due to the fact that disk-access interrupts have a higher priority than serial port interrupts. If you are running at a high serial speed, e.g. 230.4Kbps or 460.8Kbps,

22 Basic Modem Operation

on your PC, be sure to enable the disk cache by including SMARTDRV execution in your AUTOEXEC batch file.

Default Modem Settings for PC’s

The U-336S/SA factory settings are configured for operation with PC type computers and communication software. In most cases, no additional settings will be required. The following are some of the default settings that are used for operation with PC computers and software:

AT Command Description

E1 Echoes command characters. &C1 Carrier detect follows remote carrier. &D2 Modem disconnects on DTR on-to-off transition. &K4 Use both V.42 and MNP 4 error correction, and

use both V.42bis and MNP 5 data compression.

&N0 Modem negotiates highest possible connection

speed.

ZyXEL Serial/Parallel I/O Card

For high-speed PC to modem communication, ZyXEL produces a special I/O adapter card. This card includes a serial port and a parallel port, each with special features, particularly when working with a ZyXEL modem, for example:

The serial port is 16550-compatible for most communication software usage. It has a speed of up to 460.8Kbps and data loss errors will not occur when working with a ZyXEL modem's serial port. This solves high-speed communication problems in Windows and other multi-

Basic Modem Operation 23

tasking systems. The serial port has a 32-byte transmission and a 32byte receival FIFO to increase communication program efficiency.

Helpful Hints for Mac Computers

Special AT Command Settings for Mac

For operation with Mac computers, you may use the factory default settings with one exception. You must set the modem to ignore the DTR signal as follows.

Type:

AT&D0<enter> (set modem to ignore DTR) AT&WZ<enter> (saves the settings to power-up profile)

Mac Serial Port

When you connect your modem to a Macintosh computer, make sure the cable is a hardware handshaking type. These cables are readily available. Macintosh Lisa model 128 and 512 don't have hardware handshaking. The serial port on these (very outdated) models is provided as a 9-pin connector similar to that of a PC. The serial port on all other Macintosh models is a Mini-8.

Mac Software Tips

All terminal programs which make use of the hardware handshaking feature can be used on the Apple Macintosh. Such programs are readily available as PD, shareware or commercial software. One of the most powerful shareware programs available is ZTerm.

Fewer programs are available to make use of the ZyXEL's fax features. One program which has found wide acceptance is FaxSTF which can be installed like a printer driver allowing you to send faxes from almost

24 Basic Modem Operation

any program which runs on your Macintosh. At the same time it allows automatic fax receiving. This program includes powerful line manager software which makes sure fax software does not interfere with other programs using the serial ports. If the modem is turned off when you start your Macintosh with the line manager activated, the computer may seem to freeze for a few minutes. During this time the line manager software tries to locate and to set up the modem. Turn on your modem before you start your Macintosh to avoid this delay.

MaxFax is another fax software for Macintosh computers. Drivers are available which allow use of the serial ports at speeds up to

230.4 Kbps. These drivers are currently available for Power Macs and AV Macs only.

Helpful Hints for UNIX -Based Computers

Serial Cable

Please consult the documentation that came with your workstation to find the part number of or information on how to make a serial cable for your workstation. The cable should be a hardware-handshaking type. Please refer to Chapter 12 Connector Pinouts for a complete list of signals provided for the modem’s serial port.

Basic Modem Settings for UNIX

Unix environments usually don’t like modem responses or echoing of commands. Therefore you should set ATE0Q1.

Depending on your Unix setup, the cable and software used, you may have to disable carrier detection using AT&C0.

Basic Modem Operation 25

Unix Software Tips

In order to use your ZyXEL modem from a terminal or an X-Windows application, you need a program such as Minicom or Seyon.

If you wish to make use of your ZyXEL modem's special features, special gettys such as mgetty or vgetty are needed. These programs are available from several ftp-sites. Some archives also contain source files.

You should suppress the modem's result code to (ATQ1) because some applications may be confused by them.

26 Basic Modem Operation

Basic Modem Operation 27

4 LCD Panel Operation

This chapter explains how to place and receive calls using the U336S/SA front panel. An introduction to the panel operation of your modem is presented. Your modem comes with a menu driven 20 x 2 LCD display. All functions of the modem are displayed and selectable from this menu. Finally, this chapter will familiarize the user with the menu tree structure which categorizes modem operations for easy and quick reference. Modem users can also use the panel menu operations and use the equivalent AT commands listed in this chapter.

If you use your modem with a PC the factory default settings should be just right for you. Connect the modem according to the instructions in Chapter 2, install the communication software, follow the instructions in this chapter, and you're all set!

LCD Panel

The modem's actions, options, and parameters can be set, changed, and viewed from the front panel, or viewed and changed through AT commands by the computer or terminal connected to the modem. We will discuss panel operations in this chapter with reference to equivalent AT commands. Note that in most cases you will use your communication software to send AT commands to your modem. Only in very rare circumstances will it be necessary to use the modem's panel.

Once turned on, the modem goes into the Idle Screen state (except if a leased line is selected). It then waits for commands from a

28 LCD Panel Operation

computer/terminal or any key pad operation from the front panel. On

also called the MENU key, is used for vertical

the LCD screen, there are four on-screen buttons: D Dialing operation with submenus.

R Redial last number. O Originate mode on-line. A Answer mode on-line.

The cursor is blinking above one of these on-screen buttons, a dark rectangle which may be moved using the keys next to the display. The modem also displays the current status and settings in the idle screen:

Information Example

Link Option V34 (V.34) Link Speed 33600 (bps) Error Control V42 (implied by V.42bis) Data Compression V42b (V.42bis) Line Type DL (Dial-up line)

2LO (2-wired leased line originate mode) 2LA (2-wired leased line answer mode)

Data Format AS (asynchronous)

SD (Sychronous data)

S (Sychronous) DTE Speed 115200 (bps) ORG/Ans 2LO (2w leased line originate)

Panel Operation

Use the four arrow keys to manipulate the menu tree. Left/Right arrow

keys

Up arrow key

used for horizontal item selection and option selection.

LCD Panel Operation 29

menu selection and is used to access the previous menu. The up arrow key also serves as a quit command when you want to stop the current action.

Down arrow key also called the ENTER key, is used solely to

Menu Tree

In command state, there are three main menu trees. The IDLE menu is the default, and can be accessed after the modem is powered on or reset. The second is the CONFIGURATION menu, which also includes a submenu. The third is the DIAGNOSTIC menu. All three menu trees can be accessed by pressing the up or down arrow key. When the modem is in the data state, there is one idle screen and other data state status screens in Non-V.34 connection which can be accessed by pressing the left or right arrow key. ( There are nine and five data state status screens for V.34 and Non-V.34 mode display respectively.)

LED Status Screen

Either in idle state or data state, there is an LED status screen that can be accessed and displayed by pressing the left or right arrow key at the menu's top level. This LED status screen has five status indicators DCD, DSR, CTS, RTS, and SQ. These status indicators are identical to the LED indicators of the non-LCD modems. Values in one of the other screen displays may give much more detailed information than some of these status indicators; e.g., a data state screen means DCD is on, and an idle screen means DCD is off; SQ is better explained by the S/N ratio reading and the other impairment readings of data screen 2.

30 LCD Panel Operation

Dialing

Double Arrows on The Screen

In some menu screens, you will see double left arrows (<<) or double right arrows (>>). This means there are more items on the left or right. Use the left or right arrow key to select them. If you can only see a double right arrow, this indicates that the current item is the first item of the menu. By pressing the left arrow key, the screen will wrap over to the last item. On the other hand, if you only find a double left arrow displayed, this indicates that your current item is the last item in that menu. Similarly, pressing the right arrow key at this point will cause the screen to wrap around to the first item.

From the IDLE SCREEN (1) you can use the right or left arrow key to scroll through D, R, O, and A. Move the blinking cursor to D, press <enter>, and you will go into the DIALING DIRECTORY.

Valid digits/characters for dialing are: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 * #

, (Comma) Pause. ; (Semicolon) Return to command state. @ (at-character) 5 second silent wait. ! Hook flash. P Pulse dial. R Reverse dial. T Tone dial. W Wait for dial tone.

- (Dash) Digit separator. ← (Backspace) Backup one character and delete.

LCD Panel Operation 31

Dial Memory

The first menu in the dialing directory is DIAL MEMORY. Pressing the ENTER key will display the following screen:

z #00:12345 <ENTER> Dial out the number << >> SELECT MEMORY

Equivalent AT Commands: AT&Z? View all stored phone numbers.

ATDSn n = 0 - 49; dial stored number.

The first stored number shown on the menu is the default dial number which can be selected from the DEFAULT DIAL menu. By pressing the left or right arrow key, you can view up to 50 different numbers stored in the memory. Pressing the ENTER key will cause the selected number to be dialed. The first line of the LCD can display up to 16 characters. However, up to 25 characters can be entered. Characters 17 through 25 are displayed on the second line of the LCD display.

Storing a Number

Pressing the right arrow key from the DIAL MEMORY display will move the menu to STORE NUMBER. Pressing the ENTER key at this point will produce the following screen display:

z #00: 12345 <ENTER> z #00: << >> SELECT MEMORY << >> SELECT DIGIT

Changing an existing number: z #00:1234567 <ENTER> z #00:

<< >> SELECT MEMORY << >> SELECT DIGIT

32 LCD Panel Operation

Equivalent AT Commands: AT&Z? View all stored phone numbers.

AT&Zn=1234567 Store phone number in memory location n (n=0-

49).

Up to 50 different numbers can be viewed and set. If you want to add a number to the memory, select an unused memory location and press ENTER. The blinking cursor will change into an underscore and will move to the next position on the right side of the colon. SELECT MEMORY will change to SELECT DIGIT. Press the left and right arrow keys to scroll through the valid digits and characters for dialing. Pressing ENTER will confirm the selected digit and cause the cursor to move to the next position.

Repeat the above procedure to finish entering the number, then press ENTER again to save the entry in the EEPROM. The stored numbers will remain in the memory until you revise or delete them. Pressing the up arrow key in the process will abort and exit the current number entry and nothing will be changed or saved.

View and Store a Number

If you want to view or store a phone number into the EEPROM in lease line operation or data state. You can select “PHONE NUMBER” screen and enter it. The operation is the same as the above.

Dialing a Number

The same procedure as in the STORE NUMBER operation is used when entering numbers. Once the number entry is completed, press the ENTER key to dial the number.

_ <ENTER> 1234567_ << >> SELECT MEMORY << >> SELECT MEMORY

LCD Panel Operation 33

Equivalent AT Commands: ATD1234567 Dial phone number.

Manual Dial

Use of a telephone set to make a call, in which case an answer tone comes back, is normally called Manual Dial. Once the other side answers, access O (Originate) by using the left or right arrow key so the blinking cursor settles on the O. Then press the ENTER key to start the modem handshaking sequence.

Equivalent AT Commands: ATD Go on-line in Originate mode.

When dialing a person, use the telephone to make the call. When someone on the other side answers, decide who will be the Originate modem and who will be the Answer modem. Once an agreement is reached, use the left or right arrow key to select the O or A for Originate or Answer. Then press the ENTER key to start the modem handshaking sequence.

Equivalent AT Commands: ATD Go on-line in Originate mode.

ATA Go on-line in Answer mode.

When you want to switch from modem to voice communication, simply lift up the handset of both sides and press the ENTER key while the blinking cursor is on the H or Hang Up. The LCD display will show DISCONNECTING? to ask for a confirmation. Press ENTER again and the modem will change from data to voice communication. When both sides wish to return to data communication, one side should press O while the other side presses A (as explained previously). This

34 LCD Panel Operation

operation will reinitiate the modem handshaking and enable data

Repeat last command once, retry the last call up to 9 times.

communication. Equivalent AT Commands: +++ Escape sequence code; causes a modem to return to

command state. Enter the escape sequence while in data

state and wait for the modem to respond. ATH Go on-hook; disconnect the modem. ATD Go on-line in Originate mode. ATA Go on-line in Answer mode.

Repeat Last Dial

Access R (Repeat last dial) by pressing the left or right arrow key and the ENTER key. Before a connection is made, any key pressed from the front panel or terminal keyboard will abort the redial operation.

Equivalent AT Commands: ATDL Repeat last dial.

A/ Repeat last command once. A>

(country specific)

Auto Answer

Move to the STATUS REGISTER menu, and change the S0 value to the desired number of rings until the modem automatically answers. Setting this value to zero disables auto answer.

Equivalent AT Commands: ATS0=0 Disable auto answer.

ATS0=n Automatically answer on the nth ring.

LCD Panel Operation 35

Dialing Messages

Dialing will cause the following screen to be displayed on the LCD:

DIALING ......................

1234567

The dialed phone number will be displayed on the second line of the LCD screen. If the number exceeds 20 digits, only the first 20 digits/characters will be displayed. If the modem's DIAL-UP LINE jack is not plugged in or not connected, the LCD screen will display the following:

NO DIAL TONE............

1234567

The modem will then return to the IDLE STATUS screen. If the line is busy, after three to five seconds, the LCD displays:

BUSY .............................

1234567

The modem will then return to the IDLE STATUS screen. If the phone company is ringing the remote modem, a RINGING message is sent to the terminal. Setting S42.6 = 1 will disable this RINGING result code. If any key interruption occurs (from the terminal or panel) and breaks in before the connection is made, the screen displays:

ABORT............................

1234567

The modem will then return to the IDLE STATUS screen. If the time interval depicted in the S7 register expires, and the line is still not connected, the LCD screen shows:

36 LCD Panel Operation

DISCONNECTING..........

<RIGHT>

RTG= 0 RTR= 0

= 256

40.4 RTD= 0

1234567

The modem will then return to the IDLE STATUS screen. If the first handshaking signal has been detected, the LCD screen will display:

HANDSHAKING............

1234567

If a connection has been made, the LCD will display the actual connected status. These are V.34 data state screens:

V.34b 33600 33600 DL H >> 55820 51324 AS <LEFT> TXL=-11.0 RXL=-21.3 <LEFT>

SNR= 41.5 CLC= 0 <RIGHT>

<RIGHT> <LEFT> FRG= 0 FRR= 0 <LEFT> BLR= 0 FRE=

<RIGHT> V42b/SREJ BLS

<RIGHT> NEC=<LEFT> FEC= -57.2 EFO= 0 <LEFT> EDL= 0

<RIGHT> PHJ= 0.0 FRO=- 0.0

<RIGHT> NLE= ON NLD=

<LEFT> TRE= 64 CND=

<RIGHT> TSH=MIN

RSH=MIN

<LEFT> TFI = 7 RTFI=

* *

PROBING

* * ONote: The on-line status screens with“*” are available one in V.34 mode.

LCD Panel Operation 37

On-line Status Screen 1 Status Display Unit/Meaning

Link Option V34b V.34bis Line Speed 33600 bps/ TX/RX speed in V-34 Error control V42b V.42bis/only display in Non-V.34

mode Line Type DL Dial -up Line Data Format AS Asynchronous Instant Transmission Throughput Instant Receiving Throughput

On-line Status Screen 2 Status Display Unit

Signal to Noise Ratio 30.9 dB Receiving Signal level -25.1 dBm Transmition Signal level -11 dBm Carrier lost Counts 0

On-line Status Screen 3

55820 bps/Blank in synchronous mode

51324 bps/Link Speed in synchronous

mode

Status Display Unit

Retrain Granted 0 Retrain RequesTed 0 FRN (Fast Rate reNegotiation ) Granted FRN Requested 0

On-line Status Screen 4

38 LCD Panel Operation

Status Display Unit

Link Layer Status V42b/SREJ Block Size 256 bits Blocks Retransmitted 0 blocks FCS (Frame Check Sum) Errors 0 bits

On-line Status Screen 5 Status Display Unit

Near End Echo -22.3 dB Far End Echo -57.2 dB Round Trip Delay 0 ms Echo Frequency Offset 0 Hz

On-line Status Screen 6 Status Display Unit

Phase Jitter -0.0 degree Frequency Offset -0.1 Hz Echo delay 0 1/baud

On-line Status Screen 7 Status Display Unit

None Linear Encoder ON (OFF) None Linear Decoder ON (OFF) Trellis Endcoder 64,32,16 state Convolutional Decoder 64,32,16 state

On-line Status Screen 8

LCD Panel Operation 39

Status Display Unit

DISCONNECTING……

Transmitted Shaping MIN (MAX) Received Shaping MIN (MAX) Transmitted filter index 0~10 Received filter index 0~10

On-line Status Screen 9 Status Display Unit

Transmitted Carrirr 1959 Hz Received Shaping 1959 Hz Transmitted Baud rate 3429 Baud Received Baud rate 3429 Baud

On-line Status Screen 10 Status Display Unit

Probing Result Channel

Spectrum probed at V34 phase two.

Pressing the left or right arrow key in any one of the ON-LINE STATUS screens will cause the LCD to scroll through the four screens. We will discuss the ON-LINE -STATUS screens 2, 3, and four in more detail in the section Line Condition Status Display in chapter ten.

40 LCD Panel Operation

Pressing the ENTER key while in any ON-LINE STATUS screen will cause the LCD to display the following:

DISCONNECT ? <ENTER> z YES NO

Equivalent AT Commands:

command state. Enter the escape sequence while in data

+++ Escape sequence code; causes a modem to return to

ATH Go on-hook(hang up); disconnect the modem.

Pressing the up arrow key (MENU) or selecting NO will switch the screen back to the ON-LINE STATUS screen 1 and the modem remains on-line. Pressing ENTER will hang up the line and cause the modem to revert to the IDLE STATUS screen to await your next command.

Pressing the up arrow key (MENU) in any of the four data state screens will change your current screen to the CONFIGURATION menu.

Panel Lock

The panel keyboard can be locked to prevent inadvertent changes in modem settings. This is done by setting the S-register S28 bit 1 to 1 or using the PANEL LOCK menu from the panel, or by issuing the AT*L1 command from the terminal. Issuing the AT*L0 command will return the key operation to normal. Alternatively, pressing the left and right arrow keys simultaneously will unlock the panel. In locked panel mode, the ENTER key will lose its effectiveness in changing or saving settings; panel command execution is also disabled. However, viewing in the panel is not affected.

state and wait for the modem to respond.

This chapter introduces you to the use of the U-336S/SA for synchronous operation. The modem can be used as a synchronous modem when it is connected to a synchronous computer or terminal. It is of course necessary to make sure that the remote modem and system are also set to synchronous mode. Synchronous operation applies to all

LCD Panel Operation 41

of the non-FSK modes the modem is supplied with. Before

RT RING Tone.

synchronous transfers are started, some initial settings should be made.

V.25bis Command Set

To enable V.25bis commands use the AT*I1 command. For synchronous applications, the modem is permanently set in normal

situations for use with one application. Save the desired settings in the power-on profile, and the modem will be initialized to synchronous mode (&M3) with V.25bis command enabled (*I1) when powered on.

A special command RST is provided to get the modem back to asynchronous AT command mode from V.25bis mode. You can enter this RST command in either synchronous or asynchronous V.25bis mode.

Syntax Command with

Parameters*

CRN CRN

<dialstring>**

CRS CRS n Call request with number from

PRN PRN n;

<number> RLN RLN*** Requests list of all stored numbers. DIC DIC Ignores incoming call. CIC CIC Accepts incoming call. CFI CFI XX Call failure indication:

42 LCD Panel Operation

Description

Call request with number provided.

memory, 0 # n # 49; n is the memory location. Saves <number> to address n (0 # n #49).

ET Engaged Tone. NS Number is not stored.

Syntax Command with

it to the modem. Must use auto

retrain,

INC INC Incoming call. VAL VAL Valid. INV INV Invalid. LSN LSN n;

RST RST Changes to the asynchronous

Clock Options

Synchronous data must be transmitted and received with a common timing clock. This timing clock is used to transmit data from the DTE to the modem which modulates the data according to this clock. The receiving modem recovers the clock and data from the carrier and sends the data to the receiving DTE along with the clock. There are three types of transmission synchronous clock sources to choose from:

Parameters*

Description

AB Abort Call. NT Answer Tone is not detected.

List of stored numbers. (Response to RLN)

AT command mode.

1. The internal clock is the one that suits most applications and is the

2. The slave clock is that the clock signal is generated by recieved

3. The external clock is that the clock signal provided by the DTE.

INTERNAL AT&X0 The modem provides the clock and

EXTERNAL AT&X1 The DTE provides the clock and sends

default; in this case, the clock signal is generated by the local modem.

data .

sends it to the DTE. Adaptive rate can be used. (Default)

LCD Panel Operation 43

SLAVE AT&X2 Recovered receiver clock serves as

RTS Options

There are two RTS options. The choice depends on application and host/terminal requirements. In asynchronous mode RTS is used as a hardware flow control signal.

IGNORED AT&R1 RTS is ignored; always assumed

CTS TRACKS RTS AT&R0 Delay before CTS responds to

Command State Options

For synchronous data communication, there are two options you can choose from to define how the modem will operate in the command state.

cannot use adaptive rate.

transmission clock.

to be ON. (Default)

RTS's change. The delay is set in the S26 register.

SYNC DATA AT&M1 The modem accepts asynchronous

commands in command state, but exchanges data synchronously in data state.

SYNC AT&M3 The modem accepts synchronous

comman d (V.25bis) and exchanges data synchronously with a remote modem.

Dialing from Synchronous Mode

1. Dial from the terminal using asynchronous commands: Set &M1 and use asynchronous AT commands to dial the number.

44 LCD Panel Operation

Once the modem is connected, the modem will enter synchronous operation.

2. Dial through the computer using V.25bis commands: Some communication software packages on synchronous computers can dial using V.25bis synchronous commands. In this case, set &M3 and *I1 and the modem will accept V.25bis commands and make a synchronous connection.

3. Using DTR to dial a stored number in synchronous mode: Store the telephone number by the asynchronous command &Zn=. Use the DEFAULT DIAL parameter menu or *Dn command to select the default dial pointer. Set &D1 and either &M1 or &M3, then raise DTR from your terminal or communication software. The modem will dial the default stored number. After the modem is connected, the modem will enter synchronous operation.

4. Manual dial: Set the modem to synchronous mode (&M1 or &M3), then dial a number from a telephone set. When you hear the answer tone, type ATD (if &M1 is set). The modem will go into synchronous operation after connection.

Answering from Synchronous Mode

Auto-Answer

Set the modem to synchronous mode. Set the S-register S0 to equal the number of rings before auto-answer occurs. Set it from the terminal (if &M1 is set) using the asynchronous AT command, or select the STATUS REGISTER menu to change the S0 value.

Manual Answer

Type ATA from the terminal (if &M1 is set) or press “A” in the idle screen of the LCD panel.

LCD Panel Operation 45

5 Leased Line Operation

A leased line is a permanent telephone line connection between two fixed points. It can be dedicated copper wires or a leased telephone circuit from the telephone company. Four-wire leased lines use one pair of wires to transmit data and a second pair to receive. Two-wi re leased lines transmit and receive on the same pair of wires. Your modem supports 2 -wire leased lines only.

Connecting to a Leased Line

The U-336S/SA default line is a dial-up type. The leased line must be connected to the jack labeled Line. Set your modem for leased-line operation by typing commands from the terminal. The leased-line phone jack pin assignments are shown in Chapter 12 Connector Pinouts.

Power Level Setting

Your modem’s leased-line mode transmission power level can be adjusted from 0 dBm to -27 dBm in 1 dBm increments.

AT-Command Description

AT*P0 . . . AT*P15

The default is -9dBm. The adjustable range is from 0 to -15dBm, effective in leased-line operation only. If bit 3 of S35 is set, this range will change to -12 to

-27dBm.

Leased Line Handshaking

In a typical dial-up connection, the originating modem dials the number and waits for the answering modem's carrier signal. The answering

46 Leased Line Operation

modem can be commanded to either answer the call immediately, or after a specified number of rings.

In a leased-line connection, the communication circuit between two modems is always present. Dialing and waiting for rings does not occur in this situation. If these two modems want to establish a data link, one must be designated as the originator and the other as the answerer. You can set this manually or automatically.

Manual Connect

Set the modem to leased-line mode. Type the asynchronous command ATD to the originating modem and ATA to the answering, or press the A/O button on the front panel of the originating modem in, and press the A/O button on the front panel of the answering modem out. Use AT*Mn or set S14b0 to select originate or answer mode.

Auto Handshake

If you want handshaking to occur automatically upon power-up, you have to save the leased-line configuration to the power-on profile. Please remember to set the handshake mode before you save the configuration. Be sure that one modem is set to originate mode and the other to answer mode.

AT-Command Description

AT*M0 When operating over a leased line, modem will

handshake in originate mode. (Default)

AT*M1 When operating over a leased line, modem will

handshake in answer mode.

Aborting from Leased-Line Operation

If the leased line has not been connected, pressing the D/V switch on the front panel will drop the line and re-attempt to connect to the leased line.

Leased Line Operation 47

Terminating a Leased Line Connection

A leased line can be terminated two ways:

• Going on-line manually.

• Turning the power OFF and ON. If you have set the leased line as

the power-on default, the modem will try the leased line again.

48 Leased Line Operation

Leased Line Operation 49

6 Special Functions

This chapter describes special features of the U-336S/SA, and offers instructions on how each is used.

Security Functions

Your modem provides a security function that prevents unauthorized users from making connections. Two types of security functions are provided.

• Type 1 security is used when the remote modem is also a ZyXEL modem.

• Type 2 security is used when the remote modem is any other brand.

The type 1 connection, the dial-in remote modem will send in its supervisor password for checking at the initial connection , and the local modem will check this password against its pre-stored acceptable password list.

The type 2 connection, the remote terminal will be prompted to enter the password at the initial connection and the local modem will do the password checking.

Levels of Security

Two levels of security are provided:

• With level 1 security, the local modem will maintain the connection if the password is OK, otherwise the line disconnected.

50 Special Functions

• With level 2 security, dial back the phone number corresponding to the dial-in password. The line simply disconnects if the password does not match.

User Passwords

Fifty user passwords may be defined. The corresponding 50 dial-back numbers are the modem’s 50 stored phone numbers. Any character (ASCII 0-127) can be used in the password, the maximum password length is 8 characters.

Security functions are only accessible through AT commands in terminal mode. Any access attempt will result in the modem’s prompting the user to enter the supervisor password. The attempt will be rejected if the entered password is not correct. The default supervisor password is ZyXEL when the modem is shipped from the factory. This supervisor password is also the password sent for automatic password checking in a type 1 connection. To modify the supervisor password, use AT*HS.

You will be asked for the original password and a new password and then to re-enter the new password for verification. For example:

Password: (Enter supervisor password) ******** Password: (Enter new supervisor

password) ********

The command AT*V will list the 50 user passwords and the supervisor password on the screen for viewing. Again, you will be prompted to enter the supervisor password first.

The following commands will enable different types and Verify: (Enter the new supervisor password again)

Special Functions 51

******** OK

The command AT*Hn will modify the nth user password. You will be prompted to enter the supervisor password first and then be prompted to enter the nth user password.

Levels of security:

Command Function

*G0 Disable security function. *G1 Enable type 1 and level 1 security, with password

check.

*G2 Enable type 1 and level 2 security, with password check

and callback.

*G3 Enable type 2 and level 1 security, with password

check.

*G4 Enable type 2 and level 2 security, with password check

and callback.

*G5 Enable type 2 and level 2 security, with password check

and callback, remote site enters the callback number.

ONOTE: BEFORE THE SECURITY TYPE OR LEVEL CAN BE CHANGED, THE MODEM

REQUIRES THE SUPERVISOR PASSWORD.

For type 2 security, the remote site will be prompted to enter the user password. A maximum of 3 tries in 40 seconds is allowed. If a correct password is not entered within this time limit the line will be disconnected. If the remote site is to enter the callback number it will be prompted to do so.

52 Special Functions

Remote Configuration

Remote configuration on the U-336S/SA is provided as a profile by profile batch mode. When on-line, the remote modem’s current configuration or one of its profiles can be read into one of the local modem ’s user profiles. This profile is modified locally and the line can be disconnected during this time.

Local profile modification is done by loading this profile as the active settings and then modifying and saving the active settings back to the profile. Then the connection is reestablished and the profile transmitted to the remote modem.

Reading a remote profile b into a local profile a is achieved with the command:

AT*Rab

a=0-3 Local user profile number. b=0-3 Remote user profile number. b=4 Remote active configuration. b=5 Remote factory default.

Return the modems to on-line status again. The local modem can upload (write) its profile to the remote modem’s profile and have the remote modem reset from the new profile. This is done with the command:

AT*Wab

a=0-3 Local user profile number. a=4 Local active configuration. a=5 Local factory default. b=0-3 Remote user profile number.

Special Functions 53

The remote profile read and write commands - *Rab and *Wab - only work in the on-line condition. The connection speed and mode do not matter. The remote modem must be set to accept remote configuration by executing the AT*F1 command. The AT*F0 command will set the modem up to deny remote configuration requests. Because the modem uses the remote digital loopback mode to request remote configuration information, the remote digital loopback request must also be granted (AT&T4) on the remote modem to accept the remote configuration request.

Batch mode remote configuration is a convenient feature allowing you to pre-configure a remote modem in one of the local modem’s user profiles and send it to the remote modem in one action. It is particularly useful when there are many remote modems and a set of standard configurations is available so you can store them into user profiles. You just need to configure the remote modem into one of the standard configurations by activating the remote configuration once.

Caller Number Delivery (Caller ID)

Caller Number Delivery (CND), commonly called Caller ID, is a new kind of phone service that may be offered by your local phone company. Check your phone company for availability. You must subscribe to it and usually pay an additional monthly service charge this service.

With CND service, the phone company’s central office will send the coded caller information to the called station. This information is sent once between the first and second rings. Your modem can decode this caller information and present it to the connected computer/terminal during the second ring period as part of the call progress ring message. The modem will also report the Caller ID information if asked by the command AT*T.

54 Special Functions

There are two kinds of caller information message formats sent by the phone company.

• One is the single message format which includes date, time, and caller ID

• The other is the multiple message format which also includes the caller name as registered with the phone company.

The command ATS40.2=n is used to enable (n=1) or disable (n=0) the Caller ID detection function. The default is disabled. Enable it only when you have this service and want to enable its detection.

ONOTE: THE CALLER ID MESSAGE MAY CAUSE SOME COMMUNICATION SOFTWARE THAT

IS NOT EXPECTING IT TO BECOME CONFUSED. IF YOU PLAN TO USE THE

CALLER ID FEATURE, BE SURE YOU ARE USING SOFTWARE THAT SUPPORTS IT (SUCH AS ZFAX).

In single message format, the modem will send a ring message to the terminal as follows:

RING TIME: <MM-DD hh:mm> CALLER NUMBER: <CALLER_ID> or CALLER

NAME:<CALLER_NM> RING

MM is the two-digit month message, DD is the two-digit date message, hh is the hour and mm is the minute of the time, and CALLER_ID is the phone number of the caller or CALLER_NM his/her name.

The following is an example of a caller ID message as it might appear on your screen:

RING TIME: 04-28 12:30

Special Functions 55

CALLER NUMBER: 7135551414 or CALLER NAME: Brent Harper

RING

In the multiple message format, if the caller’s number and name are available, the ring message will display both:

RING TIME: MM-DD hh:mm CALLER NUMBER: <Caller_ID> CALLER NAME: <Caller_Name> RING

Here is an example:

RING TIME: 04-28 12:30 CALLER NUMBER: 7135551414 CALLER NAME: Tracy Huang RING

If the caller number and name are not available, the ring message will appear as follows:

RING TIME: 04-28 12:30 REASON FOR NO NUMBER: OUT_OF_AREA REASON FOR NO NAME: PRIVACY RING

The last CND message that the modem received can be displayed by using the AT*T command.

56 Special Functions

Setting S48.0=1 will cause the modem to report CND information in its ASCII coded hexadecimal raw data format. The DTE software is responsible for explaining the data.

ONOTE: PLEASE REFER TO THE BELLCORE TECHNICAL ADVISORY DOCUMENT TR-

NWT -000030 FOR THE EXACT DATA FORMAT. THE ABOVE CALLER ID SCHEME

APPLIES TO THE NORTH AMERICA AREA. DIFFERENT COUNTRIES MAY EMPLOY DIFFERENT CALLER ID SCHEMES, CHECK IF THE SCHEME USED IN YOUR COUNTRY IS SUPPORTED BEFORE USING THE CALLER ID FEATURE. FOR MOST OTHER CALLER ID SCHEMES, ONLY THE CALLER TELEPHONE NUMBER IS PROVIDED.

Distinctive Ring

Distinctive Ring is a phone service that may be offered by your phone company. Check your phone company for availability. With this service, you can have several phone numbers assigned to the same phone line. The phone company will send a different type of ring signal for each phone number being called. The subscriber can distinguish which number is called by which type of ring is received.

One benefit of this feature is the ability to have three numbers on the same line allowing you to list the three numbers for voice, data, and fax, respectively. You can then have your fax machine answer only the ring corresponding to the fax number and have your modem answer only the ring corresponding to the data number. A voice call will not be answered by either fax machine or data modem and it will only be answered when someone picks up the phone. You can also have the answering machine answer only the voice ring. A more complicated use is that you can have one number for multiple uses, such as one number for both data and fax.

A ring signal is a composition of repeated on and off states. Different types of rings usually correspond to different compositions of the “ON”

Special Functions 57

part (cadence) of the ring. Your modem can distinguish up to four types of ring signals and can be commanded to answer or not answer any one of these four types of ring signals. Following is a list of these four types of ring signals. These are the ring types used in the USA. The difference among the ring types is the two-second ON part of the ring signal. It comprises a long, double short, or triple short ring.

S-register S40 bits 3-6 are used for distinctive ring control. Each bit controls the answering of a particular ring type. Setting a bit to “1” (on) enables answering, setting it to “0” (off) rejects the ring. Note that the ring may still be heard even if it is not counted as an accepted ring by the modem.

The control relationships between bits 3-6 in register S40 and the different ring types are:

Type Bit (on) Ring Sequence

1 3 1.2s or 2s on; 4s off 2 4 0.8s on, 0.4s off, 0.8s on; 4s off 3 5 0.4s on, 0.2s off, 0.4s on, 0.2s off, 0.8s on; 4s off 4 6 0.3s on, 0.2s off, 1s on, 0.2s off, 0.3s on; 4s off

ONOTE: IF ALL OF THESE BITS ARE "0" (OFF), ANY RING WITH A DURATION LONGER

THAN 100 MS WILL BE ACCEPTED. USE THIS DEFAULT IF YOU DO NOT HAVE DISTINCTIVE RING SERVICE.

If more than one type of Distinctive Ring is turned on, RING n will be reported for an incoming ring signal where n is the ring type number.

ONOTE: COUNTRIES OTHER THAN THE U.S. MAY HAVE DIFFERENT SPECIFICATIONS

FOR DIFFERENT RING TYPES. THE MANUFACTURER MAY APPEND OTHER SETS OF RING TYPE SPECIFICATIONS TO SUIT EACH COUNTRY'S NEEDS.

58 Special Functions

Extended Distinctive Ring (EDR)

Extended Distinctive Ring (EDR) is a special feature designed for single telephone line home use to receive fax or data calls without interfering with regular voice calls. When most users install a fax/modem at home, they won’t subscribe to an extra telephone line for occasional fax or data calls; however, fax/data calls do come in from time to time.

If a user lets the fax/data software application answer, voice calls will be missed. On the other hand, if the user or an answering machine answers, fax or data calls may either be missed or the person who answers the call has to go through some procedure to get this call connected to the proper application. Either way is not desirable.

Once enabled with the proper settings, EDR can:

1. Detect the data/fax CNG tone without physically answering the call. After a CNG tone is detected, the modem will report RING or RING n to the application software. The software can cause the modem to answer the call.

2. Detect several DTMF tones without physically answering the call. The DTMF tones, once detected by the modem, will be reported as RING or RING n to the software application.

With these two functions, your modem can be installed with an answering machine or voice telephone set at home. In most cases, the modem should not be set to answer regular rings, nor to report them. Thus, the software will not instruct the modem to answer the call when the phone rings. When a call comes in, the answering machine will answer the phone and play a voice message. At this moment, the modem, having detected the ring signal is gone, will start to listen to the line for CNG tone or DTMF tones.

If the remote caller is an unattended fax machine, it will send a CNG tone for a period of time. The modem will detect the CNG tone and

Special Functions 59

report RING to the software immediately. The software application can then issue commands to answer the call and receive the fax. If the remote caller is using a fax phone which does not send out a CNG tone and is waiting for a fax answer tone in order to press the START button, the caller can press a designated DTMF tone, which will activate the modem to report and subsequently be ordered to answer the fax call.

Setting Up EDR

The new EDR can be used at home where multiple phones are installed in parallel. Once this function is enabled, the modem will go into EDR m ode after the ring disappears, and it will be able to detect the data/fax CNG tone and DTMF tones, and report them as different types of rings. The EDR settings are defined in S-register S51.

S51 Bit-mapped register: (default: 0)

Bits Bin. Dec. Description

(7,6) 00 0 Disable data CNG tone detection (default). 01 64 Report RING for data CNG tone. 10 128 Report RING 1 for data CNG tone. 11 192 Report RING 3 for data CNG tone. (5,4) 00 0 Disable Fax-CNG tone detection (default). 01 16 Report RING for fax CNG tone. 10 32 Report RING 1 for fax CNG tone. 11 48 Report RING 2 for fax CNG tone. (3,2) 00 0 Disable DTMF tone detection (default). 01 4 Report RING for a DTMF tone. 10 8 Report RING <DTMF> for a DTMF tone. 11 12 Reserved (1,0) 00 0 Disable EDR (default). 01 1 Report RING twice. 10 2 Report RING four times.

60 Special Functions

Bits Bin. Dec. Description

11 3 Report RING six times.

EDR detection (either CNG or DTMF tones) will be disabled once detection occurs. However, a customer’s program might not answer because the setting of the software may require multiple rings to answer. S51 bits 0-1 control the number of rings that the modem will report once the CNG or DTMF tone is detected.

The timing relationship between the Caller ID (if enabled), EDR, and ring detection is as follows:

ring1 ring2 ring3 ***--------***--------***----------------------------- 3sec 3s 3s 3s S7 time-out +------+---+------+---+------+---+-------------+--- CID/EDR RD EDR RD EDR RD EDR RD

CID=Caller ID task RD=Ring Detection task EDR=EDR task

ONOTE: DURING THE EDR PERIOD, ANY AT COMMAND WILL DISABLE THE EDR

FUNCTION .

EDR Application Example

If we use ZFAX as our fax receiving application and we don’t want it to answer the call unless it is a fax call, the way to set it up would be:

1. Set ZFAX to answer on 2 rings.

Special Functions 61

2. Set S51.0=1 to enable EDR and report RING twice. The modem will not report a normal RING and ZFAX will not answer a call unless EDR RING is reported.

3. Set S51.4=1 to enable fax CNG tone detection. It is reported as RING.

4. Set S51.2=1 to enable DTMF tone detection. It is reported as RING. If the remote fax machine does not generate the CNG tone, ask a fax caller through your answering machine message to press “*” (or any other DTMF key) if he or she wants to send a fax.

Save the settings in a profile and reset the modem with AT&WZ .

62 Special Functions

Special Functions 63

7 Fax Operation

The U-336S/SA can be used as a fax machine. In the sections below, we will describe how the modem works as a fax machine, the ITU-T T.30 fax protocol, the Class 1,2, and 2.0 fax commands and ZyXEL extended fax AT commands. Also covered are the status report result codes, the flow control protocol associated with ZyXEL fax AT commands, and some specific fax applications. The instructions for using the included modem/fax/voice utility program are included on the software disk. Some distributors and dealers may have included other sof tware with your modem. For help with such software, refer to the software instructions.

Fax Basics

Fax is the abbreviation for facsimile. There are four major parts in a fax machine: the scanner, encoding and decoding device, modem, and printer. Before a page can be sent, it is first scanned. The bit-mapped data is encoded with data compression and is then transmitted across the phone line by an internal modem module. The remote facsimile receives the data with its internal modem, decodes it back to bitmapped image data, and prints it on paper.

Fax Branding: The Telephone Consumer Protection Act of 1991 makes it unlawful for any person to use a computer or other electronic device to send any message via a telephone or fax machine unless such message clearly contains in a margin at the top or bottom of each transmitted page or on the first page of the transmission, the date and time it is sent and an identification of the business or other entity, or individual sending the message and the telephone number of the sending

64 Fax Operation

machine or such business, or entity, or individual. In order to program this information into the fax function of your modem, please refer to the documentation of the fax software you will be using.

Modem as Fax Machine

Modems can also be designed to include a fax transmitting and receiving function similar to a fax card. Since the modem's interface with the computer is the standard serial RS-232 interface, this interface is used for both modem and fax operations. Fax image coding and decoding must be done in the computer. Modem/Fax, also called fax/modem, can be either an external stand-alone unit or a plug-in card. External stand-alone units can be connected to any computer with a standard RS-232 serial port.

Your modem supports Group 3 send and receive facsimile functions. For normal fax operation, you must connect the modem to a computer, usually a PC. The computer serves as the input/output device for the fax function. The RS-232 serial connection or the ZyXEL serial port interface connects you modem to the computer. Your modem uses the same interface for both data and fax applications. In fax operations, the modem performs protocol handshaking and image data transfer. The computer handles image data creation, capturing, conversion, compression, decompression, retrieval, and storage.

ITU-T T.30 Fax Protocol

The ITU-T T.30 fax protocol is known as the G3 fax handshake signals and procedures. The modem takes full control of this protocol initiating and terminating fax calls, managing the communication session, and transporting the image data. Therefore, the modem relieves the computer fax software of the T.30 protocol handling.

Fax Operation 65

You modem allows for fax speeds up to 14400 bps when transmitting to a fax machine which complies with the V.17 fax standard. Speeds will fall back to 12000, 9600, or 7200 bps in poor line conditions. When connecting to a G3 fax device, your modem allows for fax speeds up to 9600 bps and will automatically fall back to 7200, 4800, and 2400 bps if the line quality is poor.

Fax Command sets

The U-336S/SA supports four command sets for fax operation:

• Class 1 command set

• TIA PN-2388 Class 2 command set

• TIA 592 Class 2.0 command set

• ZyXEL Extended Fax AT command set

Defining the Fax Command Sets

The EIA Class 1 and Class 2 fax commands are a set of AT fax commands defined by EIA/TIA (Telecommunications Industry Associ ation) for controlling fax/modems from a computer through the serial RS-232 interface. All fax/modems and fax software supporting this standard will be compatible with each other.

Class 1 commands control on-line modem negotiation while Class 2 commands allow the modem to do many negotiations simultaneously. The Class 1 protocol uses the modem to transmit fax data only. The complete organizational overhead for this protocol is handled by the connected computer. The Class 1 command set is also called the TIA578 standard.

66 Fax Operation

Several revisions of the class 2 standard exist. Implementations conforming to different revisions may not work together. A formally approved version is the Class 2.0 command set, also called the TIA592 standard.

Class 1 Command Set

Command Value Description

+FCLASS=n Service class selection n=0 Set to Data mode n=1 Set to Class 1 mode n=2 Set to Class 2 mode n=2.0 Set to Class 2.0 mode n=6 Set to ZFAX mode n=8 Set to Voice mode

ONOTE: IF S57.4=0 (DEFAULT), THE RESPONSE TO THE +FCLASS=? COMMAND WILL

NOT REPORT CLASS 1 CAPABILITY. THIS IS DUE TO THE FACT THAT SOME FAX SOFTWARE PACKAGES MAY GET CONFUSED BY THIS RESPONSE.

Command Value Description

+FTS=n 0-255 Stop transmission and pause, in 10 ms

units. +FRS=n 0-255 Wait for silence, in 10 ms units. +FTM=<MOD> Transmit data with <MOD> carrier. +FRM=<MOD> Receive data with <MOD> carrier. +FTH=<MOD> Transmit HDLC data with <MOD>

carrier. +FRH=<MOD> Receive HDLC data with <MOD>

carrier.

The <MOD> parameter for the preceding commands take the following values:

Fax Operation 67

Value Modulation Speed Requirements

3 V.21 ch. 2 300 required for FTH & FRH +FTH and +FRH support value 3 (V.21 ch. 2 / 300 bps) only. 24 V.27ter 2400 required for FTM & FRM 48 V.27ter 4800 required for FTM & FRM 72 V.29 7200 required for FTM & FRM 73 V.17 7200 required for FTM & FRM 74 V.17 w/st 7200 required for FTM & FRM 96 V.29 9600 required for FTM & FRM 97 V.17 9600 required for FTM & FRM 98 V.17 w/st 9600 required for FTM & FRM 121 V.17 12000 required for FTM & FRM 122 V.17 w/st 12000 required for FTM & FRM 145 V.17 14400 required for FTM & FRM 146 V.17 w/st 14400 required for FTM & FRM

* w/st means with V.17 short training

Class 2 Command Set

The following Class 2 commands are supported and implemented per TIA PN2388 (8/20/90):

Command Syntax Description

+<command>=<value> Execute a command or set a

+<command>=? Read permissible settings. +<command>? Read current setting.

Supported Commands (per TIA PN2388 8/20/90)

Command Value Description

+FAA=n Auto-answer mode parameter: n=0 Answer as set by +FCLASS. n=1 DCE answers and auto-determines type.

68 Fax Operation

parameter.

Command Value Description

+FBADLIN= <value>

+FBOR=n Phase C data bit order: n=0 Select direct bit order. n=1 Select reversed bit order in receiving

+FBUF? Buffer size; read only parameter:

+FCIG="string" Local fax station ID string, for polling Rx. +FCLASS=n Service class selection: Refer to

+FCON DCE responds fax connection . +FCQ=n Copy quality check capability parameter n=0 No copy quality check capability. n=1 Only check 1D phase C data. n=2 Check both 1D and 2D phase C data. +FCR=n "Capability to receive" parameter n=0 DCE will not receive message data or

n=1 DCE receives message data or polls a

+FDCC=vr,br,wd ,ln,df,ec,bf,st vr=0 Vertical resolution: Normal; 98 lpi.

0-255 Bad line threshold (number of

consecutive bad lines for a bad page parameter): Determine if Copy Quality OK on the T.30 flow chart . <value>=0 to 255; a value of 0 implies that error checking is disabled.

mode for phase C data.

Allow DTE to determine the characteristics of the DCE’s buffer size.

+FCLASS Class 1 command in previous section.

poll a remote device.

remote device.

DCE capabilities parameters.

Fax Operation 69

Command Value Description

vr=1 Vertical resolution: Fine; 196 lpi. br=0 Bit rate: 2400 bit/s; V.27ter. br=1 Bit rate: 4800 bit/s; V.27ter. br=2 Bit rate: 7200 bit/s; V.29 or V.17. br=3 Bit rate: 9600 bit/s; V.29 or V.17. br=4 Bit rate: 12000 bit/s; V.17. br=5 Bit rate: 14400 bit/s; V.17. wd=0 Page width: 1728 pixels in 215mm. wd=1 Page width: 2048 pixels in 255mm. wd=2 Page width: 2432 pixels in 303mm. ln=0 Page length: A4; 297mm. ln=1 Page length: B4; 364mm. ln=2 Page length: unlimited length. df=0 Data compression format: 1-D; modified

Huffman.

df=1 Data compression format: 2-D; modified

Read. ec=0 Error correction disabled. ec=1 Enable error correction mode. bf=0 Disable binary file transfer. st=0 Minimum scan time/line: 0 ms. st=1 Minimum scan time/line: 5 ms. st=2 Minimum scan time/line:10 ms (normal);

5 ms (fine). st=3 Minimum scan time/line:10 ms. st=4 Minimum scan time/line:20 ms (normal);

10ms (fine). st=5 Minimum scan time/line:20 ms. st=6 Minimum scan time/line:40 ms (normal);

20ms (fine). st=7 Minimum scan time/line:40 ms.

70 Fax Operation

Command Value Description

+FDCS=vr,br,wd ,ln,df,ec,bf,st +FDIS=vr,br,wd,l n,df,ec,bf,st

+FDR Receive phase C data command; initiates

+FDT=df,vr,wd, ln +FET=n End of page or document command: n=0 More pages; same document. n=1 End of document; another document

n=2 No more pages or documents. n=4 Procedure interrupt; another page

n=5 Procedure interrupt; end of document,

n=6 Procedure interrupt; end of document. +FK Regular fax abort command. +FLID="string" Local ID string parameter. +FLO=n Flow control options: n=0 No flow control. n=1 Set XON/XOFF software flow control. n=2 Set CTS/RTS hardware flow control. +FLPL=n Document for polling command: n=0 The DTE has no document available for

n=1 Indicate a document available for

+FMDL? Request DCE model .

Current session parameter; refer to

+FDCC command.

Current session negotiation parameter;

refer to +FDCC command.

document reception.

Transmit phase C data command: release

the DCE to proceed with negotiation.

follows.

another document follows.

polling.

pol ling.

Fax Operation 71

Command Value Description

+FMFR? Request DCE manufacturer . +FMINSP=n Minimum phase C speed parameter: n=0 2400 bps. n=1 4800 bps. n=2 7200 bps. n=3 9600 bps. n=4 12000 bps. n=5 14400 bps. +FPHCTO= <value>

+FPTS=n Page transfer status n=1 Received page good. n=2 Page bad; retrain requested. n=3 Page good; retrain requested. n=4 Page bad; procedure interrupt

n=5 Page good; procedure interrupt

+FREL=n Phase C received EOL alignment: n=0 The EOL patterns are bit aligned as

n=1 The last received bits of EOL patterns

+FREV? Request the DCE revision identification. +FSPL=n "Enable polling" command: n=0 Disable polling.

0-255 DTE Phase C response time-out:

Determine how long the DCE will wait

for a command after reaching the end of

data when transmitting in Phase C.

<value>=0 to 255; 100 ms units.

requested.

received.

are byte aligned by the DCE, with

necessary zero fill bits inserted. Refer to

TIA PN-2388 for details.

72 Fax Operation

Command Value Description

n=1 Enable polling.

All other +F commands are not supported, but the modem will respond OK. In many cases this means "don't care." See PN 2388 for command details.

Class 2 Command Responses

Response Value Function and Description

+FCFR Confirmation . +FCIG:"string" Report remote ID response CIG. +FCON Facsimile connection response. +FCSI:"string" Report remote ID response CSI. +FDCS:vr,br,wd,l n,df,ec,bf,st +FDIS:vr,br,wd,ln ,df,ec,bf,st

+FDTC:vr,br,wd,l n,df,ec,bf,st +FET:n Post page message response; refer to the

+FHNG:n Call termination status response. n=00 Normal and proper end of connection. n=10 Transmit error on phase A hang up code. n=20 Transmit error on phase B hang up code. n=40 Transmit error on phase C hang up code. n=50 Transmit error on phase D hang up code. n=70 Receive error on phase B hang up code. n=90 Receive error on phase C hang up code. n=100 Receive error on phase D hang up code. +FNSC:"HEX string" Report the non-standard facilities

Report session parameters response;

refer to +FDCC=.... command.

Report session negotiation parameters

response; refer to +FDCC=....

command.

Report remote capabilities response;

refer to +FDCC=.... command.

+FET=n command.

command frame.

Fax Operation 73

Response Value Function and Description

+FNSF:"HEX string" Report the non-standard facilities frame

response.

+FNSS:"HEX string" Report the non-standard setup frame

response. +FPOLL Remote polling indication. +FPTS:n Receive page transfer status response;

refer to +FPTS=n command. +FTSI:"string" Report remote ID response TSI. +FVOICE Transition to Voice response.

Class 2 Flow Control

Flow control is necessary to match the DTE-DCE data rate to the line signaling rate while transmitting or receiving Group 3 (T.4) data. In Class 2 fax mode, both hardware (RTS/CTS) and software (XON/XOFF) flow control are enabled.

Class 2.0 Command Set

Command Syntax Description

+<command>=<value> Execute a command or set a

parameter. +<command>=? Read permissible settings. +<command>? Read the current setting.

Supported Commands

Command Value Description

+FAA=n Auto-answer mode parameter: n=0 DCE answers as set by +FCLASS. n=1 DCE answers and auto-determines call

type. +FBO=n Phase C data bit order: n=0 Select direct bit order. n=1 Select reversed bit order in receiving

74 Fax Operation

Command Value Description

Receive phase C data command initiates

mode for phase C data. +FBS? Buffer size parameter; read only. +FCC=vr,br,wd ,ln,df,ec,bf,st

+FCLASS=n Service class selection. Refer to

+FCO DCE response fax connection made. +FCQ=<rq>,<t q> rq=0 DCE Receive Copy Quality Checking

rq=1 DCE Receive Copy Quality Checking

rq=2 DCE Receive Copy Quality Correction

tq=0 DCE Transmit Copy Quality Checking

tq=1 DCE Transmit Copy Quality Checking

tq=2 DCE Transmit Copy Quality Correction

+FCR=n "Capability to receive" parameter n=0 DCE will not receive message or poll a

n=1 DCE receives message data or polls a

+FCT=n 0-255 DTE phase C time-out parameter. n=0-

+FDR

DCE capability parameter. Refer to

+FDCC command in Class 2 for

parameter settings.

+FCLASS Class 1 command in previous

section.

Copy quality check capability parameter

disabled.

enabled.

disabled.

enabled.

remote device.

remote device

255, 1s units.

Fax Operation 75

Command Value Description

document reception +FDT Transmit phase C data command: releases

the DCE to proceed with negotiation +FEA=n Phase C received EOL alignment

parameter n=0 Determine that T.4 EOL patterns are bit

aligned (as received). n=1 Determine that the last received bits of T.4

EOL patterns are byte aligned by the

DCE, with necessary zero fill bits inserted. +FIE=n Procedure interrupt parameter n=0 Procedure interrupt requests from the

remote station are ignored, and not

reported to the DTE. n=1 Procedure interrupt requests from the

remote station are accepted, negotiated

and reported using the +FVO response. +FIP Initialize facsimile parameters to factory

default. +FIS=vr,br,wd,l n,df,ec,bf,st

+FKS Session termination command. +FLI="string" Local ID string parameter. +FLO=n Flow control options: n=0 No flow control. n=1 Set XON/XOFF software flow control. n=2 Set CTS/RTS hardware flow control. +FLP=n Document for polling command: n=0 The DTE has no document for polling. n=1 Indicated document available for polling.

Current session parameter. refer to

+FDCC Class 2 command in previous

section parameter settings.

76 Fax Operation

Command Value Description

+FMI? Request DCE manufacturer identification. +FMM? Request DCE model identification. +FMR? Request DCE revision identification. +FMS=n Minimum phase C speed parameter. refer

to +FMINSP Class 2 command in

previos section for parameter settings. +FNR=rpr,tpr, idr, nsr rpr=0 Receiver parameters are not reported.

rpr=1 Receiver parameters are reported. +FIS:

tpr=0 Transmitter Parameters are not reported.

tpr=1 Transmitter Parameters are reported.

idr=0 ID Strings are not reported. +FTI: +FCI:

idr=1 ID Strings are reported. +FNF:, +FNS:

nsr=0 Non-standard frames are not reported.

nsr=1 Non-standard frames are reported. +FTI:,

Negotiation message reporting control

parameters:

+FIS: and +FTC: response reports are

suppressed.

and +FTC: response reports are

generated.

+FCS: response reports are suppressed.

(+FCS parameter is still loaded)

+FCS: response reports are generated.

and +FPI: response reports are

suppressed.

and +FNC: response reports are

generated.

+FTI: +FCI: and +FPI: response reports

are suppressed.

+FCI: and +FPI: response reports are

generated.

Fax Operation 77

Command Value Description

+FNS="string" Non-standard byte string parameter.

"string": string of hexadecimal coded

octets. +FPI="string" Local fax station ID string, for polling Rx. +FPR=n Serial port rate control parameter: n=0 Automatic DTE rate detection by the

DCE. n>0 Serial rate is fixed at the value multiplied

by 2400 bps. For example, when n=8, the

DTE rate is equal to 19200 bps (8x2400). +FPS=n Page transfer status: refer to the +FPTS

Class 2 command in previous sections for

settings. +FRQ=pgl,cbl Receiving quality threshold parameters: pgl=

0-64 (HEX value)

cbl=

0-FF (HEX value)

+FSP=n Enable polling command:

Specify the percentage of good lines (e.g.

with negotiated number of pixels) required

for a page considered acceptable. The

percentage of good lines would be

computed by the equation:

100 x (<lc> - <bl>) / <lc>

lc: total line count as reported in the +FPS:

response.

bl: bad line count as reported in the +FPS:

response.

If the resulting value is less than the value

in <pgl>, the page is unacceptable.

Specify the maximum tolerable number of

consecutive bad lines. If this value is

exceeded for a given page, the DCE shall

consider the page unacceptable.

78 Fax Operation

Command Value Description

n=0 Disable polling. n=1 Enable polling.

Class 2.0 Command Responses

Response Value Function and Description

+FCI:"CSI ID string"

Report remote ID response, Called

Station ID +FCO Fax connection established response. +FCS:vr,br,wd,ln ,df,ec,bf,st

negotiated session parameters (DCS

frame information) response. Refer to

+FIS= comnd. +FET:<ppm> Post page message response: ppm=0 Another page next, same document. ppm=1 Another document next. ppm=2 No more pages of documents. ppm=3 Another page next, same document,

procedure interrupt requested. ppm=4 Another document next, procedure

interrupt requested. ppm=5 No more documents or pages,

procedure interrupt requested. +FHS:<hsc> Call termination status: hsc=

0-0F

hsc=

10-1F

hsc=

20-3F

hsc=

40-4F

hsc=

50-6F

Call placement and termination. Refer

to TIA-592 for details.

Transmit phase A and miscellaneous

errors. Refer to TIA-592 for details.

Transmit phase B hang up codes. Refer

to TIA-592 for details.

Transmit phase C hang up codes. Refer

to TIA-592 for details.

Transmit phase D hang up codes. Refer

to TIA-592 for details.

Fax Operation 79

Response Value Function and Description

hsc=

70-8F

hsc=

90-9F

hsc=

A0-BF +FIS:vr,br,wd,ln, df,ec,bf,st

+FNC: "NSC FIF string" +FNF: "NSF FIF string" +FNS: "NSS FIF string" +FPI: "CIG ID string" +FPO Remote polling indication. +FPS:ppr,lc,blc,c blc,lbc ppr=1 Received page good. ppr=2 Page bad; retrain requested. ppr=3 Page good; retrain requested. ppr=4 Page good; remote request for

ppr=5 Page bad; retrain requested; remote

The receiving DCE may count <lc>,

Remote fax station capabilities (DIS

Report NSC (non-standard

Report NSF (non-standard Facilities)

Report NSS (non-standard Setup)

Report remote ID response-Polling

.30 phase C page reception response:

Receive phase B hang up codes. Refer to TIA-592 for details. Receive phase C hang up codes. Refer to TIA-592 for details. Receive phase D hang up codes. Refer to TIA-592 for details.

frame information) response refer to +FIS=... command for a description of sub-parameters.

Commands) frame

frame.

Station ID (CIG).

procedure interrupt accepted.

request for procedure interrupt accepted.

<blc>, <cblc> and <lbc> due to DCE

80 Fax Operation

Response Value Function and Description

buffer overflow and report them: lc: line count blc: bad line count cblc: maximum consecutive bad line count

lbc: lost byte count +FTC:vr,br,wd,ln ,df,ec,bf,st

+FTI: "TSI ID string" +FVO Report transition to voice.

Remote fax station capabilities (DCT

frame information) response refer to

+FIS=... command for the description

of sub-parameters.

Remote ID response-Transmit Station

ID (TSI).

Extended Fax AT Command Set

Extended Fax AT Commands are unique to ZyXEL modems. The computer controls the modem through a set of extended fax AT commands and the modem responds with a set of status report result codes. During data state, compressed fax image data is flowing between the modem and computer. The default serial connection speed is 38400 bps, and it is higher than the fax link rate. CTS/RTS hardware flow control is used to regulate the data flow.

Your modem accepts the extended fax AT commands to set the modem mode and fax parameters. Besides the extended fax AT commands, the modem accepts all the other AT commands described in this chapter. For instance, you can use ATD to make a fax call, or ATA to answer an incoming fax call. When using the extended Fax AT commands, you need to send the command AT+FCLASS=6 first. Following are the fax related AT commands:

Fax Operation 81

Mode Setting

Command Function

#F Set the modem into V17G3 FAX mode same function

as the extended AT command AT&N32.

#B0 Set fax receiving mode. The connection parameters and

received fax data are sent to DTE continuously followi ng the connect message. (Default)

#B1 Set fax receiving mode. The messages are separated

from the received fax data. The modem sends CONNECT FAX and ZyXEL first, then it waits for the DC2 character (hex18) to send the fax data. When the modem receives a DC2 from the DTE, it starts to send the fax connection parameters/SnnnnVnTnRnLnCnP<string><CR><LF> then the received fax data. In this mode, the modem will wait for DC2 at the beginning of every page. The DTE software should detect the page separator RTC and then sends the DC2 to receive the next page of fax data. This mode is used with a BBS receiving faxes.

#B2 This mode is for the polling feature of the modem. In

this mode, the modem will send a polling signal to the remote fax device to ask to receive a fax from the remote fax device. The received fax data will be sent to the DTE continuously following the connection message.

#B3 Displays the ring cadence.

Parameter Setting

Command Function

#V0 Set to normal vertical resolution. #V1 Set to high vertical resolution. #T0 Set to one dimensional coding scheme.

82 Fax Operation

Command Function

#T1 Set to two dimensional coding scheme. #R0 Set recording width: 1728 picture elements along a

scan line length of 215 mm.

#R1 Set recording width: 2048 picture elements along a

scan line length of 255 mm.

#R2 Set recording width: 2432 picture elements along a

scan line length of 303 mm. #L0 Set maximum recording length: A4 (297 mm ). #L1 Set maximum recording length: B4 ( 364 mm ). #L2 Set maximum recording length: unlimited. #C0 Set minimum scan line time capability of the receiver:

20 ms at 3.85 line/mm, T(7.7)=T(3.85). #C1 Set minimum scan line time capability of the receiver: 5

ms at 3.85 line/mm, T(7.7)=T(3.85). #C2 Set minimum scan line time capability of the receiver:

10 ms at 3.85 line/mm, T(7.7)=T(3.85). #C3 Set minimum scan line time capability of the receiver:

20 ms at 3.85 line/mm, T(7.7)=1/2 T(3.85). #C4 Set minimum scan line time capability of the receiver:

40 ms at 3.85 line/mm, T(7.7)=T(3.85). #C5 Set minimum scan line time capability of the receiver:

40 ms at 3.85 line/mm, T(7.7)=1/2 T(3.85). #C6 Set minimum scan line time capability of the receiver:

10 ms at 3.85 line/mm, T(7.7)=1/2 T(3.85). #C7 Set minimum scan line time capability of the receiver: 0

ms at 3.85 line/mm, T(7.7)=T(3.85). #P<string> Set local phone number to the phone number following

the character 'P' can store up to 25 characters. The

modem will exchange this phone number with the

remote fax machine during initial handshaking.

Fax Operation 83

Status Report Result Codes

When the U-336S/SA is in fax mode, each ATD or ATA command will make the modem try to establish a fax connection. Your modem will send a status report result code back to the DTE (computer).

NO DIAL TONE Tried to dial but no dial tone is detected. NO CARRIER Handshake fails or no carrier is detected or time-

out. BUSY Other party's phone line is busy. NO ANSWER Quiet answer is not detected before time-out. CONNECT FAX See below.

When a fax connection is successfully established, the modem returns this message:

CONNECT FAX/SnnnnVnTnRnLnCnP<string>

This message includes the connection speed and the fax parameters explained in the table below.

Field Description

Snnnn Fax connection speed; nnnn is a 4-digit number

representing the connection speed. nnnn =1440, 1200, 9600, 7200, etc., 1440 and 1200 stand for 14400

and 12000. Vn Vertical resolution; n = 0 or 1. Tn Coding scheme; n = 0 or 1. Rn Recording width; n = 0, 1, or 2. Ln Recording length; n = 0, 1, or 2. Cn Scan line time; n = 0 to 7. P<string> Remote fax number.

84 Fax Operation

After each fax disconnection, the following result code is sent back to the DTE:

DISCONNECTnP<string>

This result code informs DTE of the disconnecting status.

Field Description

DISCONNECT0 Disconnect with remote confirmation. DISCONNECT1 Disconnect without remote confirmation. P<string> Remote fax number.

The basic AT commands ATV0 and ATQ1 do not affect the above CONNECT and DISCONNECT status report result codes. The modem will always return the same status format as above.

Flow Control

In extended fax AT command mode, the U-336S/SA always uses hardware (CTS/RTS) flow control. The flow control signaling used sending a fax is:

• CTS is used by your modem for DTE flow control. When the

modem turns CTS off, the buffer inside the modem is full and cannot accept any more data. The computer should send data only when CTS is ON.

• RTS is used by the computer to signal your modem that the fax

message is finished. As soon as RTS off is detected, the modem starts the post message handshaking to make sure that the remote facsimile has received the fax message successfully. Then it hangs up the phone and sends a status report to the DTE.

If you want to send a multi -page fax, just add the RTC signal between the fax message of two pages. The modem detects the RTC signal

Fax Operation 85

automatically, handshakes the multi-page procedure with the remote facsimile and sends the next page.

The following flow control signaling is used while receiving a fax:

• CTS is not used when receiving fax.

• RTS is used to inform your modem that the computer cannot accept

data at this moment. The modem will not pass received data to the DTE if RTS is turned off.

When finished receiving the fax message, your modem will turn off CD then send a status report result code to the DTE.

Fax Reception from a BBS

The U-336S/SA can automatically detect data and fax calls and allow BBS software to receive faxes on the same phone line. To allow your BBS to receive incoming faxes, make the following set-up changes in your BBS:

1. Add the string #B1+FCLASS=6 to the init string. Be sure the +FCLASS=6 command is the last command.

2. Change one of the messages in the list to CONNECT FAX.

3. Set the external mail string to ZyXEL and give it an error level.

4. In your BBS batch file, if the error level matches the external mail,

automatically. The following is a sample setting for the FrontDoor system.

86 Fax Operation

execute

rcvfax 2 /p:comport [/w:workpath]

This setting will enable the BBS to receive a fax and store it

ZyXEL Communications U-336S, U-336SA User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual