ZYXEL P-660H-D User Manual

P-660H/HW-D Series

ADSL2+ 4-port Gateway

User’s Guide

Version 3.40

Edition 1

7/2006

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Copyright

Copyright © 2006 by ZyXEL Communications Corporation.

The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any part or as a whole, transcribed,
stored in a retrieval system, translated into any language, or transmitted in any form or by any
means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, photocopying, manual, or
otherwise, without the prior written permission of ZyXEL Communications Corporation.

Published by ZyXEL Communications Corporation. All rights reserved.

Disclaimer

ZyXEL does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any products, or
software described herein. Neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the
patent rights of others. ZyXEL further reserves the right to make changes in any products
described herein without notice. This publication is subject to change without notice.

Trademarks

ZyNOS (ZyXEL Network Operating System) is a registered trademark of ZyXEL
Communications, Inc. Other trademarks mentioned in this publication are used for
identification purposes only and may be properties of their respective owners.

Copyright 2

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference Statement

The device complies with Part 15 of FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two
conditions:

• This device may not cause harmful interference.

• This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause
undesired operations.

This device has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device
pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable
protection against harmful interference in a commercial environment. This device generates,
uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy, and if not installed and used in accordance with
the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.

If this device does cause harmful interference to radio/television reception, which can be
determined by turning the device off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the
interference by one or more of the following measures:

Certifications

1 Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

2 Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver.

3 Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver

is connected.

4 Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

FCC Radiation Exposure Statement

• The device complies with FCC RF radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled
environment, under 47 CFR 2.1093 paragraph (d)(2). End users must follow the specific
operating instructions for satisfying RF exposure compliance.

• This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other
antenna or transmitter.

• To comply with FCC RF exposure compliance requirements, a separation distance of at
least 20 cm must be maintained between the antenna of this device and all persons.

注意 !

依據 低功率電波輻射性電機管理辦法

第十二條 經型式認證合格之低功率射頻電機，非經許可，公司、商號或使用

者均不得擅自變更頻率、加大功率或變更原設計之特性及功能。

第十四條 低功率射頻電機之使用不得影響飛航安全及干擾合法通信；經發現

有干擾現象時，應立即停用，並改善至無干擾時方得繼續使用。

前項合法通信，指依電信規定作業之無線電信。低功率射頻電機須忍

3 Certifications

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

受合法通信或工業、科學及醫療用電波輻射性電機設備之干擾。

Notices

Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance
could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.

This Class B digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.

Cet appareil numérique de la classe B est conforme à la norme NMB-003 du Canada.

Viewing Certifications

1 Go to http://www.zyxel.com.

2 Select your product from the drop-down list box on the ZyXEL home page to go to that

product's page.

3 Select the certification you wish to view from this page.

Certifications 4

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

For your safety, be sure to read and follow all warning notices and instructions.

• Do NOT use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming
pool.

• Do NOT expose your device to dampness, dust or corrosive liquids.

• Do NOT store things on the device.

• Do NOT install, use, or service this device during a thunderstorm. There is a remote risk
of electric shock from lightning.

• Connect ONLY suitable accessories to the device.

• Do NOT open the device or unit. Opening or removing covers can expose you to
dangerous high voltage points or other risks. ONLY qualified service personnel should
service or disassemble this device. Please contact your vendor for further information.

• ONLY qualified service personnel should service or disassemble this device.

• Make sure to connect the cables to the correct ports.

• Place connecting cables carefully so that no one will step on them or stumble over them.

• Always disconnect all cables from this device before servicing or disassembling.

• Use ONLY an appropriate power adaptor or cord for your device.

• Connect the power adaptor or cord to the right supply voltage (for example, 110V AC in
North America or 230V AC in Europe).

• Do NOT allow anything to rest on the power adaptor or cord and do NOT place the
product where anyone can walk on the power adaptor or cord.

• Do NOT use the device if the power adaptor or cord is damaged as it might cause
electrocution.

• If the power adaptor or cord is damaged, remove it from the power outlet.

• Do NOT attempt to repair the power adaptor or cord. Contact your local vendor to order a
new one.

• Do not use the device outside, and make sure all the connections are indoors. There is a
remote risk of electric shock from lightning.

• Use only No. 26 AWG (American Wire Gauge) or larger telephone wire.

• Antenna Warning! This device meets ETSI and FCC certification requirements when
using the included antenna(s). Only use the included antenna(s).

• If you wall mount your device, make sure that no electrical lines, gas or water pipes will
be damaged.

Safety Warnings

5 Safety Warnings

This product is recyclable. Dispose of it properly.

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Safety Warnings 6

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

ZyXEL Limited Warranty

ZyXEL warrants to the original end user (purchaser) that this product is free from any defects
in materials or workmanship for a period of up to two years from the date of purchase. During
the warranty period, and upon proof of purchase, should the product have indications of failure
due to faulty workmanship and/or materials, ZyXEL will, at its discretion, repair or replace the
defective products or components without charge for either parts or labor, and to whatever
extent it shall deem necessary to restore the product or components to proper operating
condition. Any replacement will consist of a new or re-manufactured functionally equivalent
product of equal or higher value, and will be solely at the discretion of ZyXEL. This warranty
shall not apply if the product has been modified, misused, tampered with, damaged by an act
of God, or subjected to abnormal working conditions.

Note

Repair or replacement, as provided under this warranty, is the exclusive remedy of the
purchaser. This warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, express or implied, including any
implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular use or purpose. ZyXEL shall in
no event be held liable for indirect or consequential damages of any kind to the purchaser.

To obtain the services of this warranty, contact ZyXEL's Service Center for your Return
Material Authorization number (RMA). Products must be returned Postage Prepaid. It is
recommended that the unit be insured when shipped. Any returned products without proof of
purchase or those with an out-dated warranty will be repaired or replaced (at the discretion of
ZyXEL) and the customer will be billed for parts and labor. All repaired or replaced products
will be shipped by ZyXEL to the corresponding return address, Postage Paid. This warranty
gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights that vary from country to
country.

Registration

Register your product online to receive e-mail notices of firmware upgrades and information
at www.zyxel.com for global products, or at www.us.zyxel.com for North American products.

7 ZyXEL Limited Warranty

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Customer Support

Please have the following information ready when you contact customer support.

• Product model and serial number.

• Warranty Information.

• Date that you received your device.

• Brief description of the problem and the steps you took to solve it.

METHOD

LOCATION

CORPORATE
HEADQUARTERS
(WORLDWIDE)

COSTA RICA

CZECH REPUBLIC

DENMARK

FINLAND

FRANCE

GERMANY

HUNGARY

KAZAKHSTAN

NORTH AMERICA

SUPPORT E-MAIL TELEPHONE WEB SITE

SALES E-MAIL FAX FTP SITE

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.com

www.europe.zyxel.com

[e-mail] [phone] ftp.zyxel.com

ftp.europe.zyxel.com

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.co.cr ZyXEL Costa Rica

[e-mail] [phone] ftp.zyxel.co.cr

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.cz ZyXEL Communications

[e-mail] [phone]

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.dk ZyXEL Communications A/S

[e-mail] [phone]

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.fi ZyXEL Communications Oy

[e-mail] [phone]

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.fr ZyXEL France

[phone]

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.de ZyXEL Deutschland GmbH.

[e-mail] [phone]

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.hu ZyXEL Hungary

[e-mail] [phone]

http://zyxel.kz/support [phone] www.zyxel.kz ZyXEL Kazakhstan

[e-mail] [phone]

[e-mail] 1-800-255-4101

[phone]

[e-mail] [phone] ftp.us.zyxel.com

www.us.zyxel.com ZyXEL Communications Inc.

REGULAR MAIL

ZyXEL Communications Corp.
6 Innovation Road II

Science Park
Hsinchu 300
Ta iw a n

Plaza Roble Escazú
Etapa El Patio, Tercer Piso
San José, Costa Rica

Czech s.r.o.
Modranská 621
143 01 Praha 4 - Modrany
Ceská Republika

Columbusvej
2860 Soeborg
Denmark

Malminkaari 10
00700 Helsinki
Finland

1 rue des Vergers
Bat. 1 / C
69760 Limonest
France

Adenauerstr. 20/A2 D-52146
Wuerselen
Germany

48, Zoldlomb Str.
H-1025, Budapest
Hungary

43, Dostyk ave.,Office 414
Dostyk Business Centre
050010, Almaty
Republic of Kazakhstan

1130 N. Miller St.
Anaheim
CA 92806-2001
U.S.A.

Customer Support 8

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

METHOD

LOCATION

NORWAY

POLAND

RUSSIA

SPAIN

SWEDEN

UKRAINE

UNITED KINGDOM

SUPPORT E-MAIL TELEPHONE WEB SITE

SALES E-MAIL FAX FTP SITE

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.no ZyXEL Communications A/S

[e-mail] [phone]

[e-mail] [phone] www.pl.zyxel.com ZyXEL Communications

[phone]

http://zyxel.ru/support [phone] www.zyxel.ru ZyXEL Russia

[e-mail] [phone]

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.es ZyXEL Communications

[e-mail] [phone]

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.se ZyXEL Communications A/S

[e-mail] [phone]

[e-mail] [phone] www.ua.zyxel.com ZyXEL Ukraine

[e-mail] [phone]

[e-mail] [phone]

08707 555779 (UK only)

[e-mail] [phone] ftp.zyxel.co.uk

www.zyxel.co.uk ZyXEL Communications UK

REGULAR MAIL

Nils Hansens vei 13
0667 Oslo
Norway

ul. Okrzei 1A
03-715 Warszawa
Poland

Ostrovityanova 37a Str.
Moscow, 117279
Russia

Arte, 21 5ª planta
28033 Madrid
Spain

Sjöporten 4, 41764 Göteborg
Sweden

13, Pimonenko Str.
Kiev, 04050
Ukraine

Ltd.,11 The Courtyard,
Eastern Road, Bracknell,
Berkshire, RG12 2XB,
United Kingdom (UK)

+” is the (prefix) number you enter to make an international telephone call.

9 Customer Support

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Table of Contents

Copyright ..................................................................................................................2

Certifications ............................................................................................................3

Safety Warnings ....................................................................................................... 5

ZyXEL Limited Warranty.......................................................................................... 7

Customer Support.................................................................................................... 8

Table of Contents ................................................................................................... 10

List of Figures ........................................................................................................ 22

List of Tables .......................................................................................................... 28

Preface ....................................................................................................................32

Chapter 1

Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device ................................................................... 34

1.1 Introducing the ZyXEL Device ............................................................................34

1.2 Features .............................................................................................................35

1.2.1 Wireless Features (P-660HW-D Only) ......................................................37

1.3 Applications for the ZyXEL Device .....................................................................38

1.3.1 Protected Internet Access .........................................................................39

1.3.2 LAN to LAN Application ............................................................................39

1.4 Front Panel LEDs ...............................................................................................39

1.5 Hardware Connection ........................................................................................41

Chapter 2

Introducing the Web Configurator........................................................................ 42

2.1 Web Configurator Overview ...............................................................................42

2.2 Accessing the Web Configurator ........................................................................42

2.3 Resetting the ZyXEL Device ..............................................................................44

2.3.1 Using the Reset Button .............................................................................44

2.4 Navigating the Web Configurator .......................................................................44

2.4.1 Navigation Panel .......................................................................................44

2.4.2 Status Screen ...........................................................................................47

2.4.3 Status: Any IP Table ..................................................................................50

2.4.4 Status: WLAN Status ................................................................................50

2.4.5 Status: Bandwidth Status ..........................................................................51

Table of Contents 10

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

2.4.6 Status: Packet Statistics ............................................................................52

2.4.7 Changing Login Password .......................................................................53

Chapter 3

Wizard Setup for Internet Access......................................................................... 56

3.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................56

3.2 Internet Access Wizard Setup ............................................................................56

3.2.1 Automatic Detection ..................................................................................58

3.2.2 Manual Configuration ................................................................................58

3.3 Wireless Connection Wizard Setup ....................................................................63

3.3.1 Manually assign a WPA-PSK key .............................................................66

3.3.2 Manually assign a WEP key .....................................................................67

Chapter 4

Bandwidth Management Wizard ........................................................................... 70

4.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................70

4.2 Predefined Media Bandwidth Management Services ........................................70

4.3 Bandwidth Management Wizard Setup ..............................................................71

Chapter 5

WAN Setup.............................................................................................................. 76

5.1 WAN Overview ..................................................................................................76

5.1.1 Encapsulation ...........................................................................................76

5.1.1.1 ENET ENCAP .................................................................................76

5.1.1.2 PPP over Ethernet ..........................................................................76

5.1.1.3 PPPoA .............................................................................................77

5.1.1.4 RFC 1483 ........................................................................................77

5.1.2 Multiplexing ...............................................................................................77

5.1.2.1 VC-based Multiplexing ....................................................................77

5.1.2.2 LLC-based Multiplexing ...................................................................77

5.1.3 Encapsulation and Multiplexing Scenarios ...............................................77

5.1.3.1 Scenario 1: One VC, Multiple Protocols ..........................................78

5.1.3.2 Scenario 2: One VC, One Protocol (IP) ..........................................78

5.1.3.3 Scenario 3: Multiple VCs .................................................................78

5.1.4 VPI and VCI ..............................................................................................78

5.1.5 IP Address Assignment ............................................................................78

5.1.5.1 IP Assignment with PPPoA or PPPoE Encapsulation .....................78

5.1.5.2 IP Assignment with RFC 1483 Encapsulation .................................78

5.1.5.3 IP Assignment with ENET ENCAP Encapsulation ..........................79

5.1.6 Nailed-Up Connection (PPP) ....................................................................79

5.1.7 NAT ...........................................................................................................79

5.2 Metric ................................................................................................................79

5.3 Traffic Shaping ...................................................................................................80

11 Table of Contents

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

5.3.1 ATM Traffic Classes ..................................................................................81

5.3.1.1 Constant Bit Rate (CBR) .................................................................81

5.3.1.2 Variable Bit Rate (VBR) ...................................................................81

5.3.1.3 Unspecified Bit Rate (UBR) .............................................................81

5.4 Zero Configuration Internet Access ....................................................................81

5.5 Internet Connection ...........................................................................................82

5.5.1 Configuring Advanced Internet Connection Setup ....................................84

5.6 Configuring More Connections ...........................................................................85

5.6.1 More Connections Edit ............................................................................86

5.6.2 Configuring More Connections Advanced Setup .....................................89

5.7 Traffic Redirect ..................................................................................................90

5.8 Configuring WAN Backup ..................................................................................91

Chapter 6

LAN Setup............................................................................................................... 94

6.1 LAN Overview ...................................................................................................94

6.1.1 LANs, WANs and the ZyXEL Device ........................................................94

6.1.2 DHCP Setup .............................................................................................95

6.1.2.1 IP Pool Setup ..................................................................................95

6.1.3 DNS Server Address ................................................................................95

6.1.4 DNS Server Address Assignment .............................................................96

6.2 LAN TCP/IP ........................................................................................................96

6.2.1 IP Address and Subnet Mask ...................................................................96

6.2.1.1 Private IP Addresses .......................................................................97

6.2.2 RIP Setup .................................................................................................97

6.2.3 Multicast ....................................................................................................98

6.2.4 Any IP .......................................................................................................98

6.2.4.1 How Any IP Works ..........................................................................99

6.3 Configuring LAN IP ..........................................................................................100

6.3.1 Configuring Advanced LAN Setup ..........................................................100

6.4 DHCP Setup .....................................................................................................102

6.5 LAN Client List .................................................................................................103

6.6 LAN IP Alias .....................................................................................................104

Chapter 7

Wireless LAN ........................................................................................................ 108

7.1 Wireless Network Overview .............................................................................108

7.2 Wireless Security Overview .............................................................................109

7.2.1 SSID .......................................................................................................109

7.2.2 MAC Address Filter .................................................................................109

7.2.3 User Authentication ................................................................................110

7.2.4 Encryption ............................................................................................... 110

7.2.5 One-Touch Intelligent Security Technology (OTIST) ............................... 111

Table of Contents 12

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

7.3 Wireless Performance Overview ...................................................................... 111

7.3.1 Quality of Service (QoS) ......................................................................... 111

7.4 General Wireless LAN Screen ........................................................................112

7.4.1 No Security .............................................................................................113

7.4.2 WEP Encryption ...................................................................................... 114

7.4.3 WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK ............................................................................115

7.4.4 WPA/WPA2 .............................................................................................116

7.4.5 Wireless LAN Advanced Setup ...............................................................119

7.5 OTIST ..............................................................................................................120

7.5.1 Enabling OTIST ......................................................................................120

7.5.1.1 AP .................................................................................................121

7.5.1.2 Wireless Client ..............................................................................122

7.5.2 Starting OTIST ........................................................................................123

7.5.3 Notes on OTIST ......................................................................................123

7.6 MAC Filter ...................................................................................................124

7.7 WMM QoS ........................................................................................................126

7.7.1 WMM QoS Example ...............................................................................126

7.7.2 WMM QoS Priorities ...............................................................................126

7.7.3 Services ..................................................................................................127

7.8 QoS Screen ......................................................................................................128

7.8.1 ToS (Type of Service) and WMM QoS ....................................................129

7.8.2 Application Priority Configuration ............................................................130

Chapter 8

Network Address Translation (NAT) Screens .................................................... 132

8.1 NAT Overview .................................................................................................132

8.1.1 NAT Definitions .......................................................................................132

8.1.2 What NAT Does ......................................................................................133

8.1.3 How NAT Works .....................................................................................133

8.1.4 NAT Application ......................................................................................134

8.1.5 NAT Mapping Types ...............................................................................134

8.2 SUA (Single User Account) Versus NAT ..........................................................135

8.3 NAT General Setup .........................................................................................135

8.4 Port Forwarding ................................................................................................136

8.4.1 Default Server IP Address ......................................................................137

8.4.2 Port Forwarding: Services and Port Numbers ........................................137

8.4.3 Configuring Servers Behind Port Forwarding (Example) ........................137

8.5 Configuring Port Forwarding ...........................................................................138

8.5.1 Port Forwarding Rule Edit ......................................................................139

8.6 Address Mapping ............................................................................................140

8.6.1 Address Mapping Rule Edit ...................................................................142

13 Table of Contents

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Chapter 9

Firewalls................................................................................................................ 144

9.1 Firewall Overview ............................................................................................144

9.2 Types of Firewalls ............................................................................................144

9.2.1 Packet Filtering Firewalls ........................................................................144

9.2.2 Application-level Firewalls ......................................................................145

9.2.3 Stateful Inspection Firewalls ..................................................................145

9.3 Introduction to ZyXEL’s Firewall .......................................................................145

9.3.1 Denial of Service Attacks ........................................................................146

9.4 Denial of Service ..............................................................................................146

9.4.1 Basics .....................................................................................................146

9.4.2 Types of DoS Attacks .............................................................................147

9.4.2.1 ICMP Vulnerability ........................................................................149

9.4.2.2 Illegal Commands (NetBIOS and SMTP) ......................................149

9.4.2.3 Traceroute .....................................................................................150

9.5 Stateful Inspection ............................................................................................150

9.5.1 Stateful Inspection Process ....................................................................151

9.5.2 Stateful Inspection and the ZyXEL Device ..............................................151

9.5.3 TCP Security ...........................................................................................152

9.5.4 UDP/ICMP Security ................................................................................152

9.5.5 Upper Layer Protocols ............................................................................153

9.6 Guidelines for Enhancing Security with Your Firewall ......................................153

9.6.1 Security In General .................................................................................153

9.7 Packet Filtering Vs Firewall ..............................................................................154

9.7.1 Packet Filtering: ......................................................................................154

9.7.1.1 When To Use Filtering ...................................................................155

9.7.2 Firewall ...................................................................................................155

9.7.2.1 When To Use The Firewall ............................................................155

Chapter 10

Firewall Configuration ......................................................................................... 156

10.1 Access Methods .............................................................................................156

10.2 Firewall Policies Overview ............................................................................156

10.3 Rule Logic Overview .....................................................................................157

10.3.1 Rule Checklist .......................................................................................157

10.3.2 Security Ramifications ..........................................................................157

10.3.3 Key Fields For Configuring Rules .........................................................158

10.3.3.1 Action ..........................................................................................158

10.3.3.2 Service ........................................................................................158

10.3.3.3 Source Address ...........................................................................158

10.3.3.4 Destination Address ....................................................................158

10.4 Connection Direction ......................................................................................158

10.4.1 LAN to WAN Rules ...............................................................................159

Table of Contents 14

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

10.4.2 Alerts .....................................................................................................159

10.5 General Firewall Policy ...............................................................................159

10.6 Firewall Rules Summary ...............................................................................160

10.6.1 Configuring Firewall Rules ..................................................................162

10.6.2 Customized Services ...........................................................................165

10.6.3 Configuring A Customized Service .....................................................166

10.7 Example Firewall Rule ...................................................................................166

10.8 Predefined Services .......................................................................................170

10.9 Anti-Probing ..................................................................................................172

10.10 DoS Thresholds ..........................................................................................173

10.10.1 Threshold Values ................................................................................173

10.10.2 Half-Open Sessions ............................................................................174

10.10.2.1 TCP Maximum Incomplete and Blocking Time .........................174

10.10.3 Configuring Firewall Thresholds .........................................................175

Chapter 11

Content Filtering .................................................................................................. 178

11.1 Content Filtering Overview ............................................................................178

11.2 Configuring Keyword Blocking .....................................................................178

11.3 Configuring the Schedule .............................................................................179

11.4 Configuring Trusted Computers ...................................................................180

Chapter 12

Static Route .......................................................................................................... 182

12.1 Static Route .................................................................................................182

12.2 Configuring Static Route ...............................................................................182

12.2.1 Static Route Edit .................................................................................183

Chapter 13

Bandwidth Management...................................................................................... 186

13.1 Bandwidth Management Overview ...............................................................186

13.2 Application-based Bandwidth Management ...................................................186

13.3 Subnet-based Bandwidth Management .........................................................186

13.4 Application and Subnet-based Bandwidth Management ...............................187

13.5 Scheduler .......................................................................................................187

13.5.1 Priority-based Scheduler ......................................................................187

13.5.2 Fairness-based Scheduler ....................................................................188

13.6 Maximize Bandwidth Usage ...........................................................................188

13.6.1 Reserving Bandwidth for Non-Bandwidth Class Traffic ........................188

13.6.2 Maximize Bandwidth Usage Example ..................................................189

13.6.2.1 Priority-based Allotment of Unused and Unbudgeted Bandwidth 189

13.6.2.2 Fairness-based Allotment of Unused and Unbudgeted Bandwidth ...
190

15 Table of Contents

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

13.6.3 Bandwidth Management Priorities ........................................................190

13.7 Over Allotment of Bandwidth ..........................................................................191

13.8 Configuring Summary ...................................................................................191

13.9 Bandwidth Management Rule Setup ............................................................192

13.9.1 Rule Configuration ................................................................................194

13.10 Bandwidth Monitor .....................................................................................196

Chapter 14

Dynamic DNS Setup............................................................................................. 198

14.1 Dynamic DNS Overview ...............................................................................198

14.1.1 DYNDNS Wildcard ................................................................................198

14.2 Configuring Dynamic DNS ............................................................................198

Chapter 15

Remote Management Configuration .................................................................. 202

15.1 Remote Management Overview ....................................................................202

15.1.1 Remote Management Limitations .........................................................202

15.1.2 Remote Management and NAT ............................................................203

15.1.3 System Timeout ...................................................................................203

15.2 WWW .............................................................................................................203

15.3 Telnet ..............................................................................................................204

15.4 Configuring Telnet ..........................................................................................204

15.5 Configuring FTP ............................................................................................205

15.6 SNMP .............................................................................................................206

15.6.1 Supported MIBs ....................................................................................207

15.6.2 SNMP Traps .........................................................................................208

15.6.3 Configuring SNMP ................................................................................208

15.7 Configuring DNS ..........................................................................................209

15.8 Configuring ICMP ...........................................................................................210

15.9 TR-069 ........................................................................................................... 211

Chapter 16

Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP) ......................................................................... 214

16.1 Introducing Universal Plug and Play .............................................................214

16.1.1 How do I know if I'm using UPnP? ........................................................214

16.1.2 NAT Traversal .......................................................................................214

16.1.3 Cautions with UPnP ..............................................................................215

16.2 UPnP and ZyXEL ...........................................................................................215

16.2.1 Configuring UPnP ................................................................................215

16.3 Installing UPnP in Windows Example ............................................................216

16.3.1 Installing UPnP in Windows Me ............................................................216

16.3.2 Installing UPnP in Windows XP ............................................................218

16.4 Using UPnP in Windows XP Example ...........................................................219

Table of Contents 16

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

16.4.1 Auto-discover Your UPnP-enabled Network Device .............................219

16.4.2 Web Configurator Easy Access ............................................................222

Chapter 17

System .................................................................................................................. 226

17.1 General Setup ................................................................................................226

17.1.1 General Setup and System Name ........................................................226

17.1.2 General Setup ......................................................................................226

17.2 Time Setting ..................................................................................................228

Chapter 18

Logs ...................................................................................................................... 232

18.1 Logs Overview ..............................................................................................232

18.1.1 Alerts and Logs .....................................................................................232

18.2 Viewing the Logs ............................................................................................232

18.3 Configuring Log Settings ...............................................................................233

18.3.1 Example E-mail Log ..............................................................................236

Chapter 19

Tools...................................................................................................................... 238

19.1 Firmware Upgrade ........................................................................................238

19.2 Configuration Screen .....................................................................................240

19.2.1 Backup Configuration ...........................................................................240

19.2.2 Restore Configuration ...........................................................................241

19.2.3 Back to Factory Defaults .......................................................................242

19.3 Restart ............................................................................................................242

Chapter 20

Diagnostic ............................................................................................................244

20.1 General Diagnostic ........................................................................................244

20.2 DSL Line Diagnostic .....................................................................................245

Chapter 21

Troubleshooting ................................................................................................... 246

21.1 Problems Starting Up the ZyXEL Device .......................................................246

21.2 Problems with the LAN ...................................................................................246

21.3 Problems with the WAN .................................................................................247

21.4 Problems Accessing the ZyXEL Device .........................................................248

Appendix A

Product Specifications ....................................................................................... 250

Appendix B

About ADSL .......................................................................................................... 254

17 Table of Contents

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Introduction to DSL ................................................................................................ 254

ADSL Overview...................................................................................................... 254

Advantages of ADSL.............................................................................................. 254

Appendix C

Internal SPTGEN .................................................................................................. 256

Internal SPTGEN Overview ................................................................................... 256

The Configuration Text File Format ........................................................................ 256

Internal SPTGEN FTP Download Example............................................................ 257

Internal SPTGEN FTP Upload Example ................................................................ 258

Example Internal SPTGEN Menus......................................................................... 259

Command Examples.............................................................................................. 271

Appendix D

Wall-mounting Instructions................................................................................. 272

Appendix E

Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address............................................................ 274

Windows 95/98/Me................................................................................................. 274

Windows 2000/NT/XP ............................................................................................ 277

Macintosh OS 8/9................................................................................................... 282

Macintosh OS X ..................................................................................................... 284

Linux....................................................................................................................... 285

21.4.1 Verifying Settings ..................................................................................289

Appendix F

IP Addresses and Subnetting ............................................................................. 290

Introduction to IP Addresses .................................................................................. 290

Subnet Masks ........................................................................................................ 292

Subnetting .............................................................................................................. 292

Example: Two Subnets .......................................................................................... 293

Example: Four Subnets.......................................................................................... 294

Example Eight Subnets.......................................................................................... 295

Subnetting With Class A and Class B Networks. ................................................... 296

Appendix G

Command Interpreter........................................................................................... 298

Accessing the CLI .................................................................................................. 298

Command Syntax................................................................................................... 298

Command Usage ................................................................................................... 298

Appendix H

Firewall Commands ............................................................................................. 300

Table of Contents 18

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Appendix I

NetBIOS Filter Commands .................................................................................. 306

Introduction ............................................................................................................ 306

Display NetBIOS Filter Settings ............................................................................. 306

NetBIOS Filter Configuration.................................................................................. 307

Appendix J

Splitters and Microfilters ..................................................................................... 308

Connecting a POTS Splitter ................................................................................... 308

Telephone Microfilters ............................................................................................ 308

ZyXEL Device With ISDN....................................................................................... 310

Appendix K

Log Descriptions.................................................................................................. 312

Log Commands...................................................................................................... 326

Log Command Example......................................................................................... 327

Appendix L

Wireless LANs ...................................................................................................... 328

Wireless LAN Topologies ....................................................................................... 328

Channel.................................................................................................................. 330

RTS/CTS................................................................................................................ 330

Fragmentation Threshold ....................................................................................... 331

Preamble Type....................................................................................................... 332

IEEE 802.11g Wireless LAN .................................................................................. 332

Wireless Security Overview ................................................................................... 333

IEEE 802.1x ........................................................................................................... 333

RADIUS.................................................................................................................. 334

Types of Authentication.......................................................................................... 335

Dynamic WEP Key Exchange................................................................................ 336

WPA and WPA2 ..................................................................................................... 337

21.4.2 WPA(2)-PSK Application Example .......................................................339

Security Parameters Summary .............................................................................. 340

Appendix M

Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions ..................................... 342

Internet Explorer Pop-up Blockers ......................................................................... 342

JavaScripts............................................................................................................. 345

Appendix N

Triangle Route ...................................................................................................... 350

19 Table of Contents

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

The Ideal Setup...................................................................................................... 350

The “Triangle Route” Problem................................................................................ 350

The “Triangle Route” Solutions .............................................................................. 351

IP Aliasing .............................................................................................................. 351

Index...................................................................................................................... 352

Table of Contents 20

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

21 Table of Contents

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

List of Figures

Figure 1 Protected Internet Access Applications ................................................................ 39

Figure 2 LAN-to-LAN Application Example ......................................................................... 39

Figure 3 Front Panel (P-660HW-D) .................................................................................... 40

Figure 4 Front Panel (P-660H-D) ....................................................................................... 40

Figure 5 Password Screen .................................................................................................. 43

Figure 6 Change Password at Login ................................................................................... 43

Figure 7 Select a Mode ....................................................................................................... 44

Figure 8 Web Configurator: Main Screen .......................................................................... 45

Figure 9 Status Screen ........................................................................................................ 48

Figure 10 Status: Any IP Table ............................................................................................ 50

Figure 11 Status: WLAN Status ........................................................................................... 51

Figure 12 Status: Bandwidth Status .................................................................................... 51

Figure 13 Status: Packet Statistics ...................................................................................... 52

Figure 14 System General .................................................................................................. 54

Figure 15 Select a Mode ..................................................................................................... 56

Figure 16 Wizard: Welcome ................................................................................................ 57

Figure 17 Auto Detection: No DSL Connection ................................................................... 57

Figure 18 Auto Detection: Failed ......................................................................................... 58

Figure 19 Auto-Detection: PPPoE ....................................................................................... 58

Figure 20 Internet Access Wizard Setup: ISP Parameters ................................................. 59

Figure 21 Internet Connection with PPPoE ......................................................................... 60

Figure 22 Internet Connection with RFC 1483 ................................................................... 60

Figure 23 Internet Connection with ENET ENCAP ............................................................. 61

Figure 24 Internet Connection with PPPoA ......................................................................... 62

Figure 25 Connection Test Failed-1 .................................................................................... 63

Figure 26 Connection Test Failed-2. ................................................................................... 63

Figure 27 Connection Test Successful ................................................................................ 64

Figure 28 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 1 ............................................................................. 64

Figure 29 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 2 ............................................................................. 65

Figure 30 Manually assign a WPA key ................................................................................ 67

Figure 31 Manually assign a WEP key ............................................................................... 67

Figure 32 Wireless LAN Setup 3 ......................................................................................... 68

Figure 33 Internet Access and WLAN Wizard Setup Complete .......................................... 69

Figure 34 Select a Mode ..................................................................................................... 71

Figure 35 Wizard: Welcome ................................................................................................ 72

Figure 36 Bandwidth Management Wizard: General Information ....................................... 72

Figure 37 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Configuration .................................................. 73

Figure 38 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Complete ........................................................ 74

List of Figures 22

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Figure 39 Example of Traffic Shaping ................................................................................. 80

Figure 40 Internet Connection (PPPoE) .............................................................................. 82

Figure 41 Advanced Internet Connection Setup ................................................................. 84

Figure 42 More Connections ............................................................................................... 86

Figure 43 More Connections Edit ........................................................................................ 87

Figure 44 More Connections Advanced Setup ................................................................... 89

Figure 45 Traffic Redirect Example ..................................................................................... 90

Figure 46 Traffic Redirect LAN Setup ................................................................................. 91

Figure 47 WAN Backup Setup ............................................................................................ 91

Figure 48 LAN and WAN IP Addresses .............................................................................. 94

Figure 49 Any IP Example .................................................................................................. 99

Figure 50 LAN IP ................................................................................................................. 100

Figure 51 Advanced LAN Setup .......................................................................................... 101

Figure 52 DHCP Setup ....................................................................................................... 102

Figure 53 LAN Client List .................................................................................................... 103

Figure 54 Physical Network & Partitioned Logical Networks .............................................. 105

Figure 55 LAN IP Alias ........................................................................................................ 105

Figure 56 Example of a Wireless Network .......................................................................... 108

Figure 57 Wireless LAN: General ...................................................................................... 112

Figure 58 Wireless: No Security .......................................................................................... 113

Figure 59 Wireless: Static WEP Encryption ........................................................................ 114

Figure 60 Wireless: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK ......................................................................... 115

Figure 61 Wireless: WPA/WPA2 ......................................................................................... 117

Figure 62 Advanced ............................................................................................................ 119

Figure 63 OTIST ................................................................................................................. 121

Figure 64 Example Wireless Client OTIST Screen ............................................................. 122

Figure 65 Security Key ........................................................................................................ 123

Figure 66 OTIST in Progress (AP) ...................................................................................... 123

Figure 67 OTIST in Progress (Client) .................................................................................. 123

Figure 68 No AP with OTIST Found ................................................................................... 123

Figure 69 Start OTIST? ....................................................................................................... 124

Figure 70 MAC Address Filter ............................................................................................. 125

Figure 71 Wireless LAN: QoS ............................................................................................. 129

Figure 72 Application Priority Configuration ........................................................................ 130

Figure 73 How NAT Works .................................................................................................. 133

Figure 74 NAT Application With IP Alias ............................................................................. 134

Figure 75 NAT General (P-660H-D) ................................................................................... 136

Figure 76 Multiple Servers Behind NAT Example ............................................................... 138

Figure 77 NAT Port Forwarding .......................................................................................... 138

Figure 78 Port Forwarding Rule Setup .............................................................................. 139

Figure 79 Address Mapping Rules ...................................................................................... 141

Figure 80 Edit Address Mapping Rule .............................................................................. 142

Figure 81 Firewall Application ............................................................................................. 146

23 List of Figures

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Figure 82 Three-Way Handshake ....................................................................................... 147

Figure 83 SYN Flood ........................................................................................................... 148

Figure 84 Smurf Attack ....................................................................................................... 149

Figure 85 Stateful Inspection ............................................................................................... 150

Figure 86 Firewall: General ................................................................................................. 159

Figure 87 Firewall Rules .................................................................................................... 161

Figure 88 Firewall: Edit Rule ............................................................................................... 163

Figure 89 Firewall: Customized Services ............................................................................ 165

Figure 90 Firewall: Configure Customized Services ........................................................... 166

Figure 91 Firewall Example: Rules ..................................................................................... 167

Figure 92 Edit Custom Port Example .................................................................................. 167

Figure 93 Firewall Example: Edit Rule: Destination Address ............................................. 168

Figure 94 Firewall Example: Edit Rule: Select Customized Services ................................. 169

Figure 95 Firewall Example: Rules: MyService .................................................................. 170

Figure 96 Firewall: Anti Probing .......................................................................................... 172

Figure 97 Firewall: Threshold .............................................................................................. 175

Figure 98 Content Filter: Keyword ...................................................................................... 178

Figure 99 Content Filter: Schedule ..................................................................................... 179

Figure 100 Content Filter: Trusted ...................................................................................... 180

Figure 101 Example of Static Routing Topology ................................................................. 182

Figure 102 Static Route ....................................................................................................... 183

Figure 103 Static Route Edit ............................................................................................... 184

Figure 104 Subnet-based Bandwidth Management Example ............................................. 187

Figure 105 Bandwidth Management: Summary .................................................................. 191

Figure 106 Bandwidth Management: Rule Setup ............................................................... 193

Figure 107 Bandwidth Management Rule Configuration .................................................... 194

Figure 108 Bandwidth Management: Monitor .................................................................... 196

Figure 109 Dynamic DNS ................................................................................................... 199

Figure 110 Remote Management: WWW ........................................................................... 203

Figure 111 Telnet Configuration on a TCP/IP Network ........................................................ 204

Figure 112 Remote Management: Telnet ............................................................................ 205

Figure 113 Remote Management: FTP ............................................................................... 206

Figure 114 SNMP Management Model ............................................................................... 207

Figure 115 Remote Management: SNMP ........................................................................... 208

Figure 116 Remote Management: DNS .............................................................................. 210

Figure 117 Remote Management: ICMP ............................................................................. 211

Figure 118 Enabling TR-069 .............................................................................................. 212

Figure 119 Configuring UPnP ............................................................................................. 215

Figure 120 Add/Remove Programs: Windows Setup: Communication ............................... 217

Figure 121 Add/Remove Programs: Windows Setup: Communication: Components ........ 217

Figure 122 Network Connections ........................................................................................ 218

Figure 123 Windows Optional Networking Components Wizard ........................................ 218

Figure 124 Networking Services ......................................................................................... 219

List of Figures 24

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Figure 125 Network Connections ........................................................................................ 220

Figure 126 Internet Connection Properties ........................................................................ 220

Figure 127 Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings ......................................... 221

Figure 128 Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings: Add ................................. 221

Figure 129 System Tray Icon .............................................................................................. 221

Figure 130 Internet Connection Status ................................................................................ 222

Figure 131 Network Connections ........................................................................................ 223

Figure 132 Network Connections: My Network Places ....................................................... 224

Figure 133 Network Connections: My Network Places: Properties: Example ..................... 224

Figure 134 System General Setup ...................................................................................... 227

Figure 135 System Time Setting ......................................................................................... 228

Figure 136 View Log ........................................................................................................... 233

Figure 137 Log Settings ...................................................................................................... 234

Figure 138 E-mail Log Example .......................................................................................... 236

Figure 139 Firmware Upgrade ............................................................................................ 238

Figure 140 Firmware Upload In Progress ........................................................................... 239

Figure 141 Network Temporarily Disconnected .................................................................. 239

Figure 142 Error Message .................................................................................................. 240

Figure 143 Configuration ..................................................................................................... 240

Figure 144 Configuration Restore Successful ..................................................................... 241

Figure 145 Temporarily Disconnected ................................................................................. 241

Figure 146 Configuration Restore Error .............................................................................. 242

Figure 147 Restart Screen .................................................................................................. 242

Figure 148 Diagnostic: General .......................................................................................... 244

Figure 149 Diagnostic: DSL Line ........................................................................................ 245

Figure 150 Configuration Text File Format: Column Descriptions ....................................... 256

Figure 151 Invalid Parameter Entered: Command Line Example ....................................... 257

Figure 152 Valid Parameter Entered: Command Line Example ......................................... 257

Figure 153 Internal SPTGEN FTP Download Example ..................................................... 258

Figure 154 Internal SPTGEN FTP Upload Example ........................................................... 258

Figure 155 Wall-mounting Example .................................................................................... 272

Figure 156 WIndows 95/98/Me: Network: Configuration ..................................................... 275

Figure 157 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: IP Address ......................................... 276

Figure 158 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: DNS Configuration ............................ 277

Figure 159 Windows XP: Start Menu .................................................................................. 278

Figure 160 Windows XP: Control Panel .............................................................................. 278

Figure 161 Windows XP: Control Panel: Network Connections: Properties ....................... 279

Figure 162 Windows XP: Local Area Connection Properties .............................................. 279

Figure 163 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties ......................................... 280

Figure 164 Windows XP: Advanced TCP/IP Properties ...................................................... 281

Figure 165 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties ......................................... 282

Figure 166 Macintosh OS 8/9: Apple Menu ........................................................................ 283

Figure 167 Macintosh OS 8/9: TCP/IP ................................................................................ 283

25 List of Figures

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Figure 168 Macintosh OS X: Apple Menu ........................................................................... 284

Figure 169 Macintosh OS X: Network ................................................................................. 285

Figure 170 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: Devices ........................................ 286

Figure 171 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Ethernet Device: General ................................................. 286

Figure 172 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: DNS ............................................. 287

Figure 173 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: Activate ................................. 287

Figure 174 Red Hat 9.0: Dynamic IP Address Setting in ifconfig-eth0 .............................. 288

Figure 175 Red Hat 9.0: Static IP Address Setting in ifconfig-eth0 .................................. 288

Figure 176 Red Hat 9.0: DNS Settings in resolv.conf ...................................................... 288

Figure 177 Red Hat 9.0: Restart Ethernet Card ................................................................ 289

Figure 178 Red Hat 9.0: Checking TCP/IP Properties ...................................................... 289

Figure 179 Connecting a POTS Splitter .............................................................................. 308

Figure 180 Connecting a Microfilter .................................................................................... 309

Figure 181 Connecting a Microfilter and Y-Connector ........................................................ 309

Figure 182 ZyXEL Device with ISDN .................................................................................. 310

Figure 183 Displaying Log Categories Example ................................................................. 326

Figure 184 Displaying Log Parameters Example ................................................................ 326

Figure 185 Peer-to-Peer Communication in an Ad-hoc Network ........................................ 328

Figure 186 Basic Service Set .............................................................................................. 329

Figure 187 Infrastructure WLAN ......................................................................................... 330

Figure 188 RTS/CTS .......................................................................................................... 331

Figure 189 WPA(2) with RADIUS Application Example ...................................................... 339

Figure 190 WPA(2)-PSK Authentication ............................................................................. 340

Figure 191 Pop-up Blocker ................................................................................................. 342

Figure 192 Internet Options ............................................................................................... 343

Figure 193 Internet Options ................................................................................................ 344

Figure 194 Pop-up Blocker Settings ................................................................................... 345

Figure 195 Internet Options ................................................................................................ 346

Figure 196 Security Settings - Java Scripting ..................................................................... 347

Figure 197 Security Settings - Java .................................................................................... 348

Figure 198 Java (Sun) ......................................................................................................... 349

Figure 199 Ideal Setup ........................................................................................................ 350

Figure 200 “Triangle Route” Problem .................................................................................. 351

Figure 201 IP Alias .............................................................................................................. 351

List of Figures 26

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

27 List of Figures

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

List of Tables

Table 1 ADSL Standards .................................................................................................... 35

Table 2 Front Panel LEDs .................................................................................................. 40

Table 3 Web Configurator Screens Summary .................................................................... 45

Table 4 Status Screen ........................................................................................................ 48

Table 5 Status: Any IP Table .............................................................................................. 50

Table 6 Status: WLAN Status ............................................................................................. 51

Table 7 Status: Packet Statistics ........................................................................................ 52

Table 8 Internet Access Wizard Setup: ISP Parameters .................................................... 59

Table 9 Internet Connection with PPPoE .......................................................................... 60

Table 10 Internet Connection with RFC 1483 .................................................................... 61

Table 11 Internet Connection with ENET ENCAP .............................................................. 61

Table 12 Internet Connection with PPPoA ......................................................................... 62

Table 13 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 1 ............................................................................. 65

Table 14 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 2 ............................................................................. 66

Table 15 Manually assign a WPA key ................................................................................ 67

Table 16 Manually assign a WEP key ................................................................................ 68

Table 17 Media Bandwidth Management Setup: Services ................................................. 70

Table 18 Bandwidth Management Wizard: General Information ........................................ 72

Table 19 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Configuration .................................................. 73

Table 20 Internet Connection ............................................................................................. 82

Table 21 Advanced Internet Connection Setup .................................................................. 84

Table 22 More Connections ............................................................................................... 86

Table 23 More Connections Edit ........................................................................................ 87

Table 24 More Connections Advanced Setup .................................................................... 89

Table 25 WAN Backup Setup ............................................................................................. 92

Table 26 LAN IP ................................................................................................................. 100

Table 27 Advanced LAN Setup .......................................................................................... 101

Table 28 DHCP Setup ........................................................................................................ 102

Table 29 LAN Client List ..................................................................................................... 104

Table 30 LAN IP Alias ........................................................................................................ 105

Table 31 Types of Encryption for Each Type of Authentication .......................................... 110

Table 32 Wireless LAN: General ........................................................................................ 112

Table 33 Wireless No Security ........................................................................................... 113

Table 34 Wireless: Static WEP Encryption ......................................................................... 114

Table 35 Wireless: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK ......................................................................... 116

Table 36 Wireless: WPA/WPA2 .......................................................................................... 117

Table 37 Wireless LAN: Advanced ..................................................................................... 119

Table 38 OTIST .................................................................................................................. 122

List of Tables 28

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Table 39 MAC Address Filter ............................................................................................. 125

Table 40 WMM QoS Priorities ............................................................................................ 126

Table 41 Commonly Used Services ................................................................................... 127

Table 42 Wireless LAN: QoS .............................................................................................. 129

Table 43 Application Priority Configuration ........................................................................ 130

Table 44 NAT Definitions .................................................................................................... 132

Table 45 NAT Mapping Types ............................................................................................ 135

Table 46 NAT General ........................................................................................................ 136

Table 47 Services and Port Numbers ................................................................................. 137

Table 48 NAT Port Forwarding ........................................................................................... 139

Table 49 Port Forwarding Rule Setup ................................................................................ 140

Table 50 Address Mapping Rules ...................................................................................... 141

Table 51 Edit Address Mapping Rule ................................................................................. 142

Table 52 Common IP Ports ................................................................................................ 147

Table 53 ICMP Commands That Trigger Alerts .................................................................. 149

Table 54 Legal NetBIOS Commands ................................................................................. 149

Table 55 Legal SMTP Commands .................................................................................... 149

Table 56 Firewall: General ................................................................................................. 160

Table 57 Firewall Rules ...................................................................................................... 161

Table 58 Firewall: Edit Rule ................................................................................................ 164

Table 59 Customized Services ........................................................................................... 165

Table 60 Firewall: Configure Customized Services ............................................................ 166

Table 61 Predefined Services ........................................................................................... 170

Table 62 Firewall: Anti Probing ........................................................................................... 173

Table 63 Firewall: Threshold .............................................................................................. 175

Table 64 Content Filter: Keyword ....................................................................................... 179

Table 65 Content Filter: Schedule ...................................................................................... 180

Table 66 Content Filter: Trusted ......................................................................................... 180

Table 67 Static Route .........................................................................................................183

Table 68 Static Route Edit .................................................................................................. 184

Table 69 Application and Subnet-based Bandwidth Management Example ...................... 187

Table 70 Maximize Bandwidth Usage Example ................................................................. 189

Table 71 Priority-based Allotment of Unused and Unbudgeted Bandwidth Example ......... 189

Table 72 Fairness-based Allotment of Unused and Unbudgeted Bandwidth Example ...... 190

Table 73 Bandwidth Management Priorities ....................................................................... 190

Table 74 Over Allotment of Bandwidth Example ................................................................ 191

Table 75 Media Bandwidth Management: Summary .......................................................... 192

Table 76 Bandwidth Management: Rule Setup .................................................................. 193

Table 77 Bandwidth Management Rule Configuration ....................................................... 194

Table 78 Services and Port Numbers ................................................................................. 196

Table 79 Dynamic DNS ...................................................................................................... 199

Table 80 Remote Management: WWW .............................................................................. 204

Table 81 Remote Management: Telnet .............................................................................. 205

29 List of Tables

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Table 82 Remote Management: FTP ................................................................................. 206

Table 83 SNMP Traps ........................................................................................................ 208

Table 84 Remote Management: SNMP .............................................................................. 209

Table 85 Remote Management: DNS ................................................................................ 210

Table 86 Remote Management: ICMP ............................................................................... 211

Table 87 TR-069 Commands ............................................................................................. 212

Table 88 Configuring UPnP ................................................................................................ 216

Table 89 System General Setup ........................................................................................ 227

Table 90 System Time Setting ............................................................................................ 229

Table 91 View Log .............................................................................................................. 233

Table 92 Log Settings .........................................................................................................234

Table 93 Firmware Upgrade ............................................................................................... 238

Table 94 Maintenance Restore Configuration .................................................................... 241

Table 95 Diagnostic: General ............................................................................................. 244

Table 96 Diagnostic: DSL Line ........................................................................................... 245

Table 97 Troubleshooting Starting Up Your ZyXEL Device ................................................ 246

Table 98 Troubleshooting the LAN ..................................................................................... 246

Table 99 Troubleshooting the WAN .................................................................................... 247

Table 100 Troubleshooting Accessing the ZyXEL Device .................................................. 248

Table 101 Device ................................................................................................................ 250

Table 102 Firmware ............................................................................................................251

Table 103 Abbreviations Used in the Example Internal SPTGEN Screens Table .............. 259

Table 104 Menu 1 General Setup ...................................................................................... 259

Table 105 Menu 3 ............................................................................................................... 259

Table 106 Menu 4 Internet Access Setup .......................................................................... 263

Table 107 Menu 12 .............................................................................................................264

Table 108 Menu 15 SUA Server Setup .............................................................................. 265

Table 109 Menu 21.1 Filter Set #1 ..................................................................................... 266

Table 110 Menu 21.1 Filer Set #2, ..................................................................................... 268

Table 111 Menu 23 System Menus .................................................................................... 269

Table 112 Menu 24.11 Remote Management Control ........................................................ 270

Table 113 Command Examples ......................................................................................... 271

Table 114 Classes of IP Addresses .................................................................................... 291

Table 115 Allowed IP Address Range By Class ................................................................. 291

Table 116 “Natural” Masks ................................................................................................ 292

Table 117 Alternative Subnet Mask Notation ..................................................................... 292

Table 118 Two Subnets Example ....................................................................................... 293

Table 119 Subnet 1 ............................................................................................................293

Table 120 Subnet 2 ............................................................................................................294

Table 121 Subnet 1 ............................................................................................................294

Table 122 Subnet 2 ............................................................................................................295

Table 123 Subnet 3 ............................................................................................................295

Table 124 Subnet 4 ............................................................................................................295

List of Tables 30

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Table 125 Eight Subnets .................................................................................................... 296

Table 126 Class C Subnet Planning ................................................................................... 296

Table 127 Class B Subnet Planning ................................................................................... 297

Table 128 Firewall Commands ........................................................................................... 300

Table 129 NetBIOS Filter Default Settings ......................................................................... 307

Table 130 System Maintenance Logs ................................................................................ 312

Table 131 System Error Logs ............................................................................................. 313

Table 132 Access Control Logs .......................................................................................... 313

Table 133 TCP Reset Logs ................................................................................................ 314

Table 134 Packet Filter Logs .............................................................................................. 314

Table 135 ICMP Logs ......................................................................................................... 315

Table 136 CDR Logs .......................................................................................................... 315

Table 137 PPP Logs ........................................................................................................... 315

Table 138 UPnP Logs ........................................................................................................ 316

Table 139 Content Filtering Logs ....................................................................................... 316

Table 140 Attack Logs ........................................................................................................ 317

Table 141 IPSec Logs ........................................................................................................ 318

Table 142 IKE Logs ............................................................................................................318

Table 143 PKI Logs ............................................................................................................321

Table 144 Certificate Path Verification Failure Reason Codes ........................................... 322

Table 145 802.1X Logs ...................................................................................................... 323

Table 146 ACL Setting Notes ............................................................................................. 324

Table 147 ICMP Notes ....................................................................................................... 324

Table 148 Syslog Logs ....................................................................................................... 325

Table 149 RFC-2408 ISAKMP Payload Types ................................................................... 325

Table 150 IEEE 802.11g ..................................................................................................... 332

Table 151 Wireless Security Levels ................................................................................... 333

Table 152 Comparison of EAP Authentication Types ......................................................... 336

Table 153 Wireless Security Relational Matrix ................................................................... 340

31 List of Tables

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Preface

Congratulations on your purchase of the P-660HW-D series 802.11g Wireless ADSL 2+ 4­port Gateway or P-660H-D ADSL2+ 4-port Gateway. The P-660HW comes with built-in
IEEE 802.11g wireless capability allowing wireless connectivity. The P-660HW-D and P­660H-D have a 4-port switch that allows you to connect up to 4 computers to the P-660H-D or
the P-660HW-D without purchasing a switch/hub.

Note: Register your product online to receive e-mail notices of firmware upgrades and

information at www.zyxel.com for global products, or at www.us.zyxel.com for
North American products.

About This User's Guide

This manual is designed to guide you through the configuration of your ZyXEL Device for its
various applications. The web configurator parts of this guide contain background information
on features configurable by web configurator.

Note: Use the web configurator or command interpreter interface to configure your

ZyXEL Device. Not all features can be configured through all interfaces.

Syntax Conventions

• “Enter” means for you to type one or more characters. “Select” or “Choose” means for
you to use one predefined choice.

• Mouse action sequences are denoted using a right angle bracket ( > ). For example, “In
Windows, click Start > Settings > Control Panel” means first click the Start button,
then point your mouse pointer to Settings and then click Control Panel.

• “e.g.,” is a shorthand for “for instance”, and “i.e.,” means “that is” or “in other words”.

• The P-660HW-D or P-660H-D series may be referred to as the “ZyXEL Device” in this
User’s Guide.

Related Documentation

• Supporting Disk

Refer to the included CD for support documents.

• Quick Start Guide

The Quick Start Guide is designed to help you get up and running right away. It contains
connection information and instructions on getting started.

• Web Configurator Online Help

Embedded web help for descriptions of individual screens and supplementary
information.

• ZyXEL Web Site

Preface 32

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Please go to http://www.zyxel.com for product news, firmware, updated documents, and
other support materials.

User Guide Feedback

Help us help you. E-mail all User Guide-related comments, questions or suggestions for
improvement to [e-mail] or send regular mail to The Technical Writing
Team, ZyXEL Communications Corp., 6 Innovation Road II, Science-Based Industrial Park,
Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan. Thank you.

Graphics Icons Key

ZyXEL Device Computer Notebook computer

Server DSLAM Firewall

Telephone Switch Router

Wireless Signal

33 Preface

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

CHAPTER 1

Getting To Know Your ZY XEL

DEVICE

This chapter describes the key features and applications of your ZyXEL Device.

1.1 Introducing the ZyXEL Device

The ZyXEL Device is an ADSL2+ gateway that allows super-fast, secure Internet access over
analog (POTS) or digital (ISDN) telephone lines (depending on your model).

In the ZyXEL Device product name, “H” denotes an integrated 4-port switch (hub) and “W”
denotes an included wireless LAN card that provides wireless connectivity.

Models ending in “1”, for example P-660HW-D1, denote a device that works over the analog
telephone system, POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service). Models ending in “3” denote a device
that works over ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network). Models ending in “7” denote a
device that works over T-ISDN (UR-2).

Note: Only use firmware for your ZyXEL Device’s specific model. Refer to the label on

the bottom of your ZyXEL Device.

The DSL RJ-11 (ADSL over POTS models) or RJ-45 (ADSL over ISDN models) connects to
your ADSL-enabled telephone line. The ZyXEL Device is compatible with the ADSL/
ADSL2/ADSL2+ standards.

Chapter 1 Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device 34

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

1.2 Features

High Speed Internet Access

The ZyXEL Device is ideal for high-speed Internet browsing and making LAN-to-LAN
connections to remote networks. The ZyXEL Device is compatible with the ADSL/ADSL2/
ADSL2+ standards. Maximum data rates attainable for each standard are shown in the next
table.

Table 1 ADSL Standards

DATA RATE STANDARD UPSTREAM DOWNSTREAM

ADSL

ADSL2

ADSL2+

832 kbps 8Mbps

3.5Mbps 12Mbps

3.5Mbps 24Mbps

Note: If your ZyXEL Device does not support Annex M, the maximum ADSL2/2+

upstream data rate is 1.2 Mbps. ZyXEL Devices which work over ISDN do not
support Annex M.

The standard your ISP supports determines the maximum upstream and

downstream speeds attainable. Actual speeds attained also depend on the
distance from your ISP, line quality, etc.

Zero Configuration Internet Access

Once you connect and turn on the ZyXEL Device, it automatically detects the Internet
connection settings (such as the VCI/VPI numbers and the encapsulation method) from the
ISP and makes the necessary configuration changes. In cases where additional account
information (such as an Internet account user name and password) is required or the ZyXEL
Device cannot connect to the ISP, you will be redirected to web screen(s) for information input
or troubleshooting.

Any IP

The Any IP feature allows a computer to access the Internet and the ZyXEL Device without
changing the network settings (such as IP address and subnet mask) of the computer, when the
IP addresses of the computer and the ZyXEL Device are not in the same subnet.

Firewall

The ZyXEL Device is a stateful inspection firewall with DoS (Denial of Service) protection.
By default, when the firewall is activated, all incoming traffic from the WAN to the LAN is
blocked unless it is initiated from the LAN. The ZyXEL Device firewall supports TCP/UDP
inspection, DoS detection and prevention, real time alerts, reports and logs.

35 Chapter 1 Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Content Filtering

Content filtering allows you to block access to forbidden Internet web sites, schedule when the
ZyXEL Device should perform the filtering and give trusted LAN IP addresses unfiltered
Internet access.

Traffic Redirect

Traffic redirect forwards WAN traffic to a backup gateway when the ZyXEL Device cannot
connect to the Internet, thus acting as an auxiliary if your regular WAN connection fails.

Media Bandwidth Management

ZyXEL’s Media Bandwidth Management allows you to specify bandwidth classes based on an
application and/or subnet. You can allocate specific amounts of bandwidth capacity
(bandwidth budgets) to different bandwidth classes.

Universal Plug and Play (UPnP)

Using the standard TCP/IP protocol, the ZyXEL Device and other UPnP enabled devices can
dynamically join a network, obtain an IP address and convey its capabilities to other devices
on the network.

PPPoE (RFC2516)

PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet) emulates a dial-up connection. It allows your
ISP to use their existing network configuration with newer broadband technologies such as
ADSL. The PPPoE driver on the ZyXEL Device is transparent to the computers on the LAN,
which see only Ethernet and are not aware of PPPoE thus saving you from having to manage
PPPoE clients on individual computers. The ZyXEL Device also includes PPPoE idle time-out
(the PPPoE connection terminates after a period of no traffic that you configure) and PPPoE
Dial-on-Demand (the PPPoE connection is brought up only when an Internet access request is
made).

Network Address Translation (NAT)

Network Address Translation (NAT) allows the translation of an Internet protocol address
used within one network (for example a private IP address used in a local network) to a
different IP address known within another network (for example a public IP address used on
the Internet).

Dynamic DNS Support

With Dynamic DNS support, you can have a static hostname alias for a dynamic IP address,
allowing the host to be more easily accessible from various locations on the Internet. You must
register for this service with a Dynamic DNS service provider.

Chapter 1 Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device 36

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

DHCP

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) allows the individual clients (computers) to
obtain the TCP/IP configuration at start-up from a centralized DHCP server. The ZyXEL
Device has built-in DHCP server capability enabled by default. It can assign IP addresses, an
IP default gateway and DNS servers to DHCP clients. The ZyXEL Device can now also act as
a surrogate DHCP server (DHCP Relay) where it relays IP address assignment from the actual
real DHCP server to the clients.

IP Alias

IP Alias allows you to partition a physical network into logical networks over the same
Ethernet interface. The ZyXEL Device supports three logical LAN interfaces via its single
physical Ethernet interface with the ZyXEL Device itself as the gateway for each LAN
network.

TR-069 Compliance

TR-069 is a protocol that defines how your P-660H-D can be managed via a management
server such as ZyXEL’s Vantage CNM Access. The management server can securely manage
and update configuration changes in the P-660H-Ds.

Housing

Your ZyXEL Device's compact and ventilated housing minimizes space requirements making
it easy to position anywhere in your busy office.

4-port Switch

A combination of switch and router makes your ZyXEL Device a cost-effective and viable
network solution. You can connect up to four computers to the ZyXEL Device without the
cost of a hub. Use a hub to add more than four computers to your LAN.

1.2.1 Wireless Features (P-660HW-D Only)

Wireless LAN

The ZyXEL Device supports the IEEE 802.11g standard, which is fully compatible with the
IEEE 802.11b standard, meaning that you can have both IEEE 802.11b and IEEE 802.11g
wireless clients in the same wireless network.

Note: The ZyXEL Device may be prone to RF (Radio Frequency) interference from

other 2.4 GHz devices such as microwave ovens, wireless phones, Bluetooth
enabled devices, and other wireless LANs.

37 Chapter 1 Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Wi-Fi Protected Access

Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) is a subset of the IEEE 802.11i security specification standard.
Key differences between WPA and WEP are user authentication and improved data
encryption.

WPA2

WPA 2 (IEEE 802.11i) is a wireless security standard that defines stronger encryption,
authentication and key management than WPA.

Both WPA and WPA2 improve data encryption by using Temporal Key Integrity Protocol
(TKIP), Message Integrity Check (MIC) and IEEE 802.1x. In addition to TKIP, WPA2 also
uses Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) in the Counter mode with Cipher block chaining
Message authentication code Protocol (CCMP) to offer stronger encryption.

Antenna

The ZyXEL Device is equipped with one 3dBi fixed antenna to provide clear radio signal
between the wireless stations and the access points.

WEP Encryption

WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) encrypts data frames before transmitting over the wireless
network to help keep network communications private.

Output Power Management

Output power management is the ability to set the level of output power.

There may be interference or difficulty with channel assignment when there is a high density
of APs within a coverage area. In this case you can lower the output power of each access
point, thus enabling you to place access points closer together.

Wireless LAN MAC Address Filtering

Your ZyXEL Device can check the MAC addresses of wireless stations against a list of
allowed or denied MAC addresses.

1.3 Applications for the ZyXEL Device

Here are some example uses for which the ZyXEL Device is well suited.

Chapter 1 Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device 38

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

1.3.1 Protected Internet Access

The ZyXEL Device is the ideal high-speed Internet access solution. It is compatible with all
major ADSL DSLAM (Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer) providers and supports
the ADSL standards as shown in Table 1 on page 35. In addition, the ZyXEL Device with the
wireless features allows wireless clients access to your network resources.

The ZyXEL Device provides protection from attacks by Internet hackers. By default, the
firewall blocks all incoming traffic from the WAN. The firewall supports TCP/UDP
inspection and DoS (Denial of Services) detection and prevention, as well as real time alerts,
reports and logs.

Figure 1 Protected Internet Access Applications

1.3.2 LAN to LAN Application

You can use the ZyXEL Device to connect two geographically dispersed networks over the
ADSL line. A typical LAN-to-LAN application example is shown as follows.

Figure 2 LAN-to-LAN Application Example

1.4 Front Panel LEDs

The following figure shows the front panel LEDs.

39 Chapter 1 Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device

Figure 3 Front Panel (P-660HW-D)

Figure 4 Front Panel (P-660H-D)

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

The following table describes the LEDs.

Table 2 Front Panel LEDs

LED COLOR STATUS DESCRIPTION

POWER Green On The ZyXEL Device is receiving power and functioning

properly.

Blinking The ZyXEL Device is rebooting or performing diagnostics.

Red On Power to the ZyXEL Device is too low.

Off The system is not ready or has malfunctioned.

ETHERNET Green On The ZyXEL Device has a successful 10Mb Ethernet

connection.

Blinking The ZyXEL Device is sending/receiving data.

Amber On The ZyXEL Device has a successful 100Mb Ethernet

connection.

Blinking The ZyXEL Device is sending/receiving data.

Off The LAN is not connected.

WLAN
(P-660HW-D

only)

DSL Green On The DSL line is up.

Green On The ZyXEL Device is ready, but is not sending/receiving data

through the wireless LAN.

Blinking The ZyXEL Device is sending/receiving data through the

wireless LAN.

Off The wireless LAN is not ready or has failed.

Blinking The ZyXEL Device is initializing the DSL line.

Off The DSL line is down.

Chapter 1 Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device 40

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Table 2 Front Panel LEDs (continued)

LED COLOR STATUS DESCRIPTION

INTERNET Green On The Internet connection is up.

Blinking The ZyXEL Device is sending/receiving data.

Off The Internet connection is down.

1.5 Hardware Connection

Refer to the Quick Start Guide for information on hardware connection.

41 Chapter 1 Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device

Introducing the Web

This chapter describes how to access and navigate the web configurator.

2.1 Web Configurator Overview

The web configurator is an HTML-based management interface that allows easy ZyXEL
Device setup and management via Internet browser. Use Internet Explorer 6.0 and later or
Netscape Navigator 7.0 and later versions. The recommended screen resolution is 1024 by 768
pixels.

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

CHAPTER 2

Configurator

In order to use the web configurator you need to allow:

• Web browser pop-up windows from your device. Web pop-up blocking is enabled by
default in Windows XP SP (Service Pack) 2.

• JavaScripts (enabled by default).

• Java permissions (enabled by default).

See the chapter on troubleshooting if you need to make sure these functions are allowed in
Internet Explorer.

2.2 Accessing the Web Configurator

Note: Even though you can connect to the ZyXEL Device wirelessly, it is

recommended that you connect your computer to a LAN port for initial
configuration.

1 Make sure your ZyXEL Device hardware is properly connected (refer to the Quick Start

Guide).

2 Prepare your computer/computer network to connect to the ZyXEL Device (refer to the

Quick Start Guide).

3 Launch your web browser.

4 Type "192.168.1.1" as the URL.

5 A window displays as shown. Enter the default admin password 1234 to configure the

wizards and the advanced features or enter the default user password user to view the

Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator 42

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

status only. Click Login to proceed to a screen asking you to change your password or
click Cancel to revert to the default password.

Figure 5 Password Screen

6 If you entered the user password, skip the next two steps and refer to Section 2.4.2 on

page 47 for more information about the Status screen.

If you entered the admin password, it is highly recommended you change the default
admin password! Enter a new password between 1 and 30 characters, retype it to confirm
and click Apply; alternatively click Ignore to proceed to the main menu if you do not
want to change the password now.

Note: If you do not change the password at least once, the following screen appears

every time you log in with the admin password.

Figure 6 Change Password at Login

7 Select Go to Wizard setup and click Apply to display the wizard main screen.

Otherwise, select Go to Advanced setup and click Apply to display the Status screen.

43 Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Figure 7 Select a Mode

Note: The management session automatically times out when the time period set in

the Administrator Inactivity Timer field expires (default five minutes). Simply
log back into the ZyXEL Device if this happens to you.

2.3 Resetting the ZyXEL Device

If you forget your password or cannot access the web configurator, you will need to use the
RESET button at the back of the ZyXEL Device to reload the factory-default configuration
file. This means that you will lose all configurations that you had previously and the password
will be reset to “1234”.

2.3.1 Using the Reset Button

1 Make sure the POWER LED is on (not blinking).

2 Press the RESET button for ten seconds or until the POWER LED begins to blink and

then release it. When the POWER LED begins to blink, the defaults have been restored
and the ZyXEL Device restarts.

2.4 Navigating the Web Configurator

We use the P-660HW-D1 web screens in this guide as an example. Screens vary slightly for
different ZyXEL Device models.

2.4.1 Navigation Panel

After you enter the admin password, use the sub-menus on the navigation panel to configure
ZyXEL Device features. The following table describes the sub-menus.

Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator 44

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Figure 8 Web Configurator: Main Screen

Use
submenus
to configure
ZyXEL
Device
features.

Click the Logout icon at any time
to exit the web configurator.

Note: Click the icon (located in the top right corner of most screens) to view

embedded help.

Table 3 Web Configurator Screens Summary

LINK/ICON SUB-LINK FUNCTION

Wizard INTERNET/

WIRELESS
SETUP

BANDWIDTH
MANAGEMENT
SETUP

Logout Click this icon to exit the web configurator.

Status This screen shows the ZyXEL Device’s general device, system

Network

WAN Internet

Connection

More Connections Use this screen to view and configure other connections for

WAN Backup
Setup

Use these screens for initial configuration including general
setup, ISP parameters for Internet Access and WAN IP/DNS
Server/MAC address assignment.

Use these screens to limit bandwidth usage by application or
packet type.

and interface status information. Use this screen to access the
summary statistics tables.

This screen allows you to configure ISP parameters, WAN IP
address assignment, DNS servers and other advanced
properties.

placing calls to another remote gateway.

Use this screen to configure your traffic redirect properties and
WAN backup settings.

45 Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Table 3 Web Configurator Screens Summary (continued)

LINK/ICON SUB-LINK FUNCTION

LAN IP Use this screen to configure LAN TCP/IP settings, enable Any

IP and other advanced properties.

DHCP Setup Use this screen to configure LAN DHCP settings.

Client List

IP Alias

Wireless LAN
(Wireless devices

only)

NAT General

Security

Firewall General Use this screen to activate/deactivate the firewall and the

Content Filter Keyword Use this screen to block sites containing certain keywords in the

Advanced

Static Route Use this screen to configure IP static routes.

Bandwidth
MGMT

Dynamic DNS Use this screen to set up dynamic DNS.

General Use this screen to configure the wireless LAN settings and

OTIST This screen allows you to assign wireless clients the ZyXEL

MAC Filter Use this screen to configure the ZyXEL Device to block access

QoS WMM QoS allows you to prioritize wireless traffic according to

Port Forwarding Use this screen to configure servers behind the ZyXEL Device.

Address Mapping Use this screen to configure network address translation

Rules This screen shows a summary of the firewall rules, and allows

Anti Probing Use this screen to change your anti-probing settings.

Threshold Use this screen to configure the threshold for DoS attacks.

Schedule Use this screen to set the days and times for the ZyXEL Device

Trusted Use this screen to exclude a range of users on the LAN from

Summary Use this screen to enable bandwidth management on an

Rule Setup Use this screen to define a bandwidth rule.

Monitor Use this screen to view the ZyXEL Device’s bandwidth usage

Use this screen to view current DHCP client information and to
always assign an IP address to a MAC address (and host
name).

Use this screen to partition your LAN interface into subnets.

WLAN authentication/security settings.

Device’s wireless security settings.

to devices or block the devices from accessing the ZyXEL
Device.

the delivery requirements of the individual and applications.

Use this screen to enable NAT.

mapping rules.

direction of network traffic to which to apply the rule.

you to edit/add a firewall rule.

URL.

to perform content filtering.

content filtering on your ZyXEL Device.

interface.

and allotments.

Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator 46

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Table 3 Web Configurator Screens Summary (continued)

LINK/ICON SUB-LINK FUNCTION

Remote MGMT WWW Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and

Te ln e t Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and

FTP Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and

SNMP Use this screen to configure your ZyXEL Device’s settings for

DNS Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and

ICMP Use this screen to change your anti-probing settings.

UPnP Use this screen to enable UPnP on the ZyXEL Device.

Maintenance

System General This screen contains administrative and system-related

Time Setting Use this screen to change your ZyXEL Device’s time and date.

Logs View Log Use this screen to view the logs for the categories that you

Log Settings Use this screen to change your ZyXEL Device’s log settings.

Tools Firmware Use this screen to upload firmware to your ZyXEL Device.

Configuration Use this screen to backup and restore the configuration or reset

Restart This screen allows you to reboot the ZyXEL Device without

Diagnostic General These screens display information to help you identify problems

DSL Line These screens display information to help you identify problems

from which IP address(es) users can use HTTPS or HTTP to
manage the ZyXEL Device.

from which IP address(es) users can use Telnet to manage the
ZyXEL Device.

from which IP address(es) users can use FTP to access the
ZyXEL Device.

Simple Network Management Protocol management.

from which IP address(es) users can send DNS queries to the
ZyXEL Device.

information and also allows you to change your password.

selected.

the factory defaults to your ZyXEL Device.

turning the power off.

with the ZyXEL Device general connection.

with the DSL line.

2.4.2 Status Screen

The following summarizes how to navigate the web configurator from the Status screen.
Some fields or links are not available if you entered the user password in the login password
screen (see Figure 5 on page 43). Not all fields are available on all models.

47 Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator

Figure 9 Status Screen

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

The following table describes the labels shown in the Status screen.

Table 4 Status Screen

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Refresh Interval Select a number of seconds or None from the drop-down list box to refresh all

screen statistics automatically at the end of every time interval or to not refresh the
screen statistics.

Apply Click this button to refresh the status screen statistics.

Device Information

Host Name This is the System Name you enter in the Maintenance > System > General

Model Number This is your ZyXEL Device’s model name.

MAC Address This is the MAC (Media Access Control) or Ethernet address unique to your ZyXEL

ZyNOS Firmware
Version

WAN Information

DSL Mode This is the standard that your ZyXEL Device is using.

IP Address

IP Subnet Mask

Default Gateway This is the IP address of the default gateway, if applicable.

VPI/VCI This is the Virtual Path Identifier and Virtual Channel Identifier that you entered in

screen. It is for identification purposes.

Device.

This is the ZyNOS Firmware version and the date created. ZyNOS is ZyXEL's
proprietary Network Operating System design.

This is the WAN port IP address.

This is the WAN port IP subnet mask.

the wizard or WAN screen.

Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator 48

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Table 4 Status Screen

LABEL DESCRIPTION

LAN Information

IP Address This is the LAN port IP address.

IP Subnet Mask This is the LAN port IP subnet mask.

DHCP This is the LAN port DHCP role - Server, Relay or None.

WLAN Information (Wireless devices only)

SSID This is the descriptive name used to identify the ZyXEL Device in the wireless

Channel This is the channel number used by the ZyXEL Device now.

WEP This displays the status of WEP data encryption.

Security

Firewall This displays whether or not the ZyXEL Device’s firewall is activated.

Content Filter This displays whether or not the ZyXEL Device’s content filtering is activated.

System Status

System Uptime This is the total time the ZyXEL Device has been on.

Current Date/Time This field displays your ZyXEL Device’s present date and time.

System Mode This displays whether the ZyXEL Device is functioning as a router or a bridge.

CPU Usage This number shows how many kilobytes of the heap memory the ZyXEL Device is

Memory Usage This number shows the ZyXEL Device's total heap memory (in kilobytes).

Interface Status

Interface This displays the ZyXEL Device port types.

Status This field displays Down (line is down), Up (line is up or connected) if you're using

Rate For the LAN ports, this displays the port speed and duplex setting.

Summary

Any IP Table Use this screen to view a list of IP addresses and MAC addresses of computers,

WLAN Status
(Wireless devices
only)

LAN.

using. Heap memory refers to the memory that is not used by ZyNOS (ZyXEL
Network Operating System) and is thus available for running processes like NAT,
VPN and the firewall.

The bar displays what percent of the ZyXEL Device's heap memory is in use. The
bar turns from green to red when the maximum is being approached.

The bar displays what percent of the ZyXEL Device's heap memory is in use. The
bar turns from green to red when the maximum is being approached.

Ethernet encapsulation and Down (line is down), Up (line is up or connected), Idle
(line (ppp) idle), Dial (starting to trigger a call) and Drop (dropping a call) if you're
using PPPoE encapsulation.

For the WLAN port, it displays Active when WLAN is enabled or Inactive when
WLAN is disabled.

For the WAN port, it displays the downstream and upstream transmission rate.
For the WLAN port, it displays the transmission rate when WLAN is enabled or N/A

when WLAN is disabled.

which are not in the same subnet as the ZyXEL Device.

This screen displays the MAC address(es) of the wireless stations that are
currently associating with the ZyXEL Device.

49 Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator

Table 4 Status Screen

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Bandwidth Status Use this screen to view the ZyXEL Device’s bandwidth usage and allotments.

Packet Statistics Use this screen to view port status and packet specific statistics.

2.4.3 Status: Any IP Table

Click the Any IP Table hyperlink in the Status screen. The Any IP table shows current read-
only information (including the IP address and the MAC address) of all network devices that
use the Any IP feature to communicate with the ZyXEL Device.

Figure 10 Status: Any IP Table

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 5 Status: Any IP Table

LABEL DESCRIPTION

# This is the index number of the host computer.

IP Address This field displays the IP address of the network device.

MAC Address This field displays the MAC (Media Access Control) address of the computer with the

Refresh Click Refresh to update this screen.

displayed IP address.
Every Ethernet device has a unique MAC address. The MAC address is assigned at

the factory and consists of six pairs of hexadecimal characters, for example,
00:A0:C5:00:00:02.

2.4.4 Status: WLAN Status

Click the WLAN Status hyperlink in the Status screen to view the wireless stations that are
currently associated to the ZyXEL Device.

Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator 50

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Figure 11 Status: WLAN Status

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 6 Status: WLAN Status

LABEL DESCRIPTION

# This is the index number of an associated wireless station.

MAC Address This field displays the MAC (Media Access Control) address of an associated wireless

Association
TIme

Refresh Click Refresh to reload this screen.

station.

This field displays the time a wireless station first associated with the ZyXEL Device.

2.4.5 Status: Bandwidth Status

Click the Bandwidth Status hyperlink in the Status screen. Select an interface from the drop­down list box to view the bandwidth usage of its bandwidth rules. The gray section of the bar
represents the percentage of unused bandwidth and the blue color represents the percentage of
bandwidth in use.

Figure 12 Status: Bandwidth Status

51 Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator

2.4.6 Status: Packet Statistics

Click the Packet Statistics hyperlink in the Status screen. Read-only information here
includes port status and packet specific statistics. Also provided are "system up time" and "poll
interval(s)". The Poll Interval(s) field is configurable. Not all fields are available on all
models

Figure 13 Status: Packet Statistics

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

The following table describes the fields in this screen.

Table 7 Status: Packet Statistics

LABEL DESCRIPTION

System Monitor

System up Time This is the elapsed time the system has been up.

Current Date/Time This field displays your ZyXEL Device’s present date and time.

CPU Usage This field specifies the percentage of CPU utilization.

Memory Usage This field specifies the percentage of memory utilization.

LAN or WAN Port
Stat istics

Link Status This is the status of your WAN link.

Upstream Speed This is the upstream speed of your ZyXEL Device.

Downstream Speed This is the downstream speed of your ZyXEL Device.

Node-Link This field displays the remote node index number and link type. Link types are

Interface This field displays the type of port.

This is the WAN or LAN port.

PPPoA, ENET, RFC 1483 and PPPoE.

Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator 52

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Table 7 Status: Packet Statistics (continued)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Status This field displays Down (line is down), Up (line is up or connected) if you're

using Ethernet encapsulation and Down (line is down), Up (line is up or
connected), Idle (line (ppp) idle), Dial (starting to trigger a call) and Drop
(dropping a call) if you're using PPPoE encapsulation.

For the WLAN port, it displays the transmission rate when WLAN is enabled or
N/A when WLAN is disabled.

TxPkts This field displays the number of packets transmitted on this port.

RxPkts This field displays the number of packets received on this port.

Errors This field displays the number of error packets on this port.

Tx B/s This field displays the number of bytes transmitted in the last second.

Rx B/s This field displays the number of bytes received in the last second.

Up Time This field displays the elapsed time this port has been up.

Collisions This is the number of collisions on this port.

Poll Interval(s) Type the time interval for the browser to refresh system statistics.

Set Interval Click this button to apply the new poll interval you entered in the Poll Interval

Stop Click this button to halt the refreshing of the system statistics.

field above.

2.4.7 Changing Login Password

It is highly recommended that you periodically change the password for accessing the ZyXEL
Device. If you didn’t change the default one after you logged in or you want to change to a
new password again, then click Maintenance > System to display the screen as shown next.
See Table 89 on page 227 for detailed field descriptions.

53 Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator

Figure 14 System General

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator 54

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

55 Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

CHAPTER 3

Wizard Setup for Internet Access

This chapter provides information on the Wizard Setup screens for Internet access in the web
configurator.

3.1 Introduction

Use the wizard setup screens to configure your system for Internet access with the information
given to you by your ISP.

Note: See the advanced menu chapters for background information on these fields.

3.2 Internet Access Wizard Setup

1 After you enter the admin password to access the web configurator, select Go to Wizard

setup and click Apply. Otherwise, click the wizard icon ( ) in the top right corner of
the web configurator to display the wizard main screen.

Figure 15 Select a Mode

2 Click INTERNET/WIRELESS SETUP to configure the system for Internet access and

wireless connection.

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Figure 16 Wizard: Welcome

3 The wizard attempts to detect which WAN connection type you are using.

If the wizard detects your connection type and your ISP uses PPPoE or PPPoA, go to

Section 3.2.1 on page 58. The screen varies depending on the connection type you use.

If the wizard does not detect a connection type and the following screen appears (see

Figure 17 on page 57), check your hardware connections and click Restart the Internet/

Wireless Setup Wizard to have the ZyXEL Device detect your connection again.

Figure 17 Auto Detection: No DSL Connection

If the wizard still cannot detect a connection type and the following screen appears (see

Figure 18 on page 58), click Next and refer to Section 3.2.2 on page 58 on how to

configure the ZyXEL Device for Internet access manually.

57 Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet Access

Figure 18 Auto Detection: Failed

3.2.1 Automatic Detection

1 If you have a PPPoE or PPPoA connection, a screen displays prompting you to enter your

Internet account information. Enter the username, password and/or service name exactly
as provided.

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2 Click Next and see Section 3.3 on page 63 for wireless connection wizard setup.

Figure 19 Auto-Detection: PPPoE

3.2.2 Manual Configuration

1 If the ZyXEL Device fails to detect your DSL connection type, enter the Internet access

information given to you by your ISP exactly in the wizard screen. If not given, leave the
fields set to the default.

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Figure 20 Internet Access Wizard Setup: ISP Parameters

The following table describes the fields in this screen.

Table 8 Internet Access Wizard Setup: ISP Parameters

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Mode From the Mode drop-down list box, select Routing (default) if your ISP allows

Encapsulation Select the encapsulation type your ISP uses from the Encapsulation drop-down list

Multiplexing Select the multiplexing method used by your ISP from the Multiplex drop-down list

Virtual Circuit IDVPI (Virtual Path Identifier) and VCI (Virtual Channel Identifier) define a virtual circuit.

VPI Enter the VPI assigned to you. This field may already be configured.

VCI Enter the VCI assigned to you. This field may already be configured.

Back Click Back to go back to the previous screen.

Next Click Next to continue to the next wizard screen. The next wizard screen you see

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.

multiple computers to share an Internet account. Otherwise select Bridge.

box. Choices vary depending on what you select in the Mode field.
If you select Bridge in the Mode field, select either PPPoA or RFC 1483.
If you select Routing in the Mode field, select PPPoA, RFC 1483, ENET ENCAP or

PPPoE.

box either VC-based or LLC-based.

Refer to the appendix for more information.

depends on what protocol you chose above.

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2 The next wizard screen varies depending on what mode and encapsulation type you use.

All screens shown are with routing mode. Configure the fields and click Next to continue.
See Section 3.3 on page 63 for wireless connection wizard setup

Figure 21 Internet Connection with PPPoE

The following table describes the fields in this screen.

Table 9 Internet Connection with PPPoE

LABEL DESCRIPTION

User Name Enter the user name exactly as your ISP assigned. If assigned a name in the form

user@domain where domain identifies a service name, then enter both components
exactly as given.

Password Enter the password associated with the user name above.

Service Name Type the name of your PPPoE service here.

Back Click Back to go back to the previous wizard screen.

Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the ZyXEL Device.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.

Figure 22 Internet Connection with RFC 1483

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The following table describes the fields in this screen.

Table 10 Internet Connection with RFC 1483

LABEL DESCRIPTION

IP Address This field is available if you select Routing in the Mode field.

Type your ISP assigned IP address in this field.

Back Click Back to go back to the previous wizard screen.

Next Click Next to continue to the next wizard screen.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.

Figure 23 Internet Connection with ENET ENCAP

The following table describes the fields in this screen.

Table 11 Internet Connection with ENET ENCAP

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Obtain an IP
Address
Automatically

Stat ic IP
Address

IP Address Enter your ISP assigned IP address.

Subnet Mask Enter a subnet mask in dotted decimal notation.

Gateway IP
address

First DNS
Server

61 Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet Access

A static IP address is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. A dynamic IP address is not
fixed; the ISP assigns you a different one each time you connect to the Internet.

Select Obtain an IP Address Automatically if you have a dynamic IP address.

Select Static IP Address if your ISP gives you a fixed IP address.

Refer to the appendices to calculate a subnet mask If you are implementing subnetting.

You must specify a gateway IP address (supplied by your ISP) when you use ENET
ENCAP in the Encapsulation field in the previous screen.

Enter the IP addresses of the DNS servers. The DNS servers are passed to the DHCP
clients along with the IP address and the subnet mask.

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Table 11 Internet Connection with ENET ENCAP (continued)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Second DNS
Server

Back Click Back to go back to the previous wizard screen.

Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the ZyXEL Device.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.

As above.

Figure 24 Internet Connection with PPPoA

The following table describes the fields in this screen.

Table 12 Internet Connection with PPPoA

LABEL DESCRIPTION

User Name Enter the login name that your ISP gives you.

Password Enter the password associated with the user name above.

Back Click Back to go back to the previous wizard screen.

Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the ZyXEL Device.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.

• If the user name and/or password you entered for PPPoE or PPPoA connection are not
correct, the screen displays as shown next. Click Back to Username and Password
setup to go back to the screen where you can modify them.

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Figure 25 Connection Test Failed-1

• If the following screen displays, check if your account is activated or click Restart the
Internet/Wireless Setup Wizard to verify your Internet access settings.

Figure 26 Connection Test Failed-2.

3.3 Wireless Connection Wizard Setup

After you configure the Internet access information, use the following screens to set up your
wireless LAN. This section is available on the wireless devices only.

1 Select Ye s and click Next to configure wireless settings. Otherwise, select No and skip to

Step 6.

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Figure 27 Connection Test Successful

2 Use this screen to activate the wireless LAN and OTIST. Click Next to continue.

Figure 28 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 1

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The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 13 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 1

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Active Select the check box to turn on the wireless LAN.

Enable OTIST Select the check box to enable OTIST if you want to transfer your ZyXEL

Device’s SSID and WPA-PSK security settings to wireless clients that support
OTIST and are within transmission range.

You must also activate and start OTIST on the wireless client at the same time.
The process takes three minutes to complete.

Note: Enable OTIST only if your wireless clients support WPA

Setup Key Type an OTIST Setup Key of up to eight ASCII characters in length. Be sure to

use the same OTIST Setup Key on the ZyXEL Device and wireless clients.

Back

Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.

Click Back to display the previous screen.

and OTIST.

3 Configure your wireless settings in this screen. Click Next.

Figure 29 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 2

65 Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet Access

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 14 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 2

LABEL DESCRIPTION

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Network
Name(SSID)

Channel
Selection

Security Select Automatically assign a WPA key (Recommended) to have the ZyXEL

Enter a descriptive name (up to 32 printable 7-bit ASCII characters) for the wireless
LAN.

If you change this field on the ZyXEL Device, make sure all wireless stations use the
same SSID in order to access the network.

The range of radio frequencies used by IEEE 802.11b/g wireless devices is called a
channel. Select a channel ID that is not already in use by a neighboring device.

Device create a pre-shared key (WPA-PSK) automatically only if your wireless clients
support WPA and OTIST. This option is availeble only when you enable OTIST in the
previous wizard screen.

Select Manually assign a WPA-PSK key to configure a pre-shared key (WPA-PSK).
Choose this option only if your wireless clients support WPA. See Section 3.3.1 on

page 66 for more information.

Select Manually assign a WEP key to configure a WEP Key. See Section 3.3.2 on

page 67 for more information.

Select Disable wireless security to have no wireless LAN security configured and
your network is accessible to any wireless networking device that is within range.

Note: If you enable OTIST in the previous wizard screen but select

Disable wireless security here, the ZyXEL Device still creates

a pre-shared key (WPA-PSK) automatically.

If you enable OTIST and select Manually assign a WEP key,
the ZyXEL Device will replace the WEP key with a WPA-PSK.

Back Click Back to display the previous screen.

Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.

Note: The wireless stations and ZyXEL Device must use the same SSID, channel ID

and WEP encryption key (if WEP is enabled), WPA-PSK (if WPA-PSK is
enabled) for wireless communication.

4 This screen varies depending on the security mode you selected in the previous screen.

Fill in the field (if available) and click Next.

3.3.1 Manually assign a WPA-PSK key

Choose Manually assign a WPA-PSK key in the Wireless LAN setup screen to set up a Pre­Shared Key.

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Figure 30 Manually assign a WPA key

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 15 Manually assign a WPA key

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Pre-Shared
Key

Back Click Back to display the previous screen.

Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.

Type from 8 to 63 case-sensitive ASCII characters. You can set up the most secure
wireless connection by configuring WPA in the wireless LAN screens. You need to
configure an authentication server to do this.

3.3.2 Manually assign a WEP key

Choose Manually assign a WEP key to setup WEP Encryption parameters.

Figure 31 Manually assign a WEP key

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The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 16 Manually assign a WEP key

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Key The WEP keys are used to encrypt data. Both the ZyXEL Device and the wireless

stations must use the same WEP key for data transmission.
Enter any 5, 13 or 29 ASCII characters or 10, 26 or 58 hexadecimal characters ("0-9",

"A-F") for a 64-bit, 128-bit or 256-bit WEP key respectively.

Back Click Back to display the previous screen.

Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.

5 Click Apply to save your wireless LAN settings.

Figure 32 Wireless LAN Setup 3

6 Use the read-only summary table to check whether what you have configured is correct.

Click Finish to complete and save the wizard setup.

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Figure 33 Internet Access and WLAN Wizard Setup Complete

7 Launch your web browser and navigate to www.zyxel.com. Internet access is just the

beginning. Refer to the rest of this guide for more detailed information on the complete
range of ZyXEL Device features. If you cannot access the Internet, open the web
configurator again to confirm that the Internet settings you configured in the wizard setup
are correct.

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CHAPTER 4

Bandwidth Management Wizard

This chapter shows you how to configure basic bandwidth management using the wizard
screens.

4.1 Introduction

Bandwidth management allows you to control the amount of bandwidth going out through the
ZyXEL Device’s WAN port and prioritize the distribution of the bandwidth according to
service bandwidth requirements. This helps keep one service from using all of the available
bandwidth and shutting out other users.

4.2 Predefined Media Bandwidth Management Services

The following is a description of the services that you can select and to which you can apply
media bandwidth management using the wizard screens.

Table 17 Media Bandwidth Management Setup: Services

SERVICE DESCRIPTION

Xbox Live This is Microsoft’s online gaming service that lets you play multiplayer Xbox games

on the Internet via broadband technology. Xbox Live uses port 3074.

VoIP (SIP) Sending voice signals over the Internet is called Voice over IP or VoIP. Session

FTP File Transfer Program enables fast transfer of files, including large files that may

E-Mail Electronic mail consists of messages sent through a computer network to specific

Initiated Protocol (SIP) is an internationally recognized standard for implementing
VoIP. SIP is an application-layer control (signaling) protocol that handles the
setting up, altering and tearing down of voice and multimedia sessions over the
Internet.

SIP is transported primarily over UDP but can also be transported over TCP, using
the default port number 5060.

not be possible by e-mail. FTP uses port number 21.

groups or individuals. Here are some default ports for e-mail:
POP3 - port 110
IMAP - port 143
SMTP - port 25
HTTP - port 80

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Table 17 Media Bandwidth Management Setup: Services (continued)

SERVICE DESCRIPTION

eMule These programs use advanced file sharing applications relying on central servers

to search for files. They use default port 4662.

WWW The World Wide Web (WWW) is an Internet system to distribute graphical, hyper-

linked information, based on Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) - a client/server
protocol for the World Wide Web. The Web is not synonymous with the Internet;
rather, it is just one service on the Internet. Other services on the Internet include
Internet Relay Chat and Newsgroups. The Web is accessed through use of a
browser.

4.3 Bandwidth Management Wizard Setup

1 After you enter the admin password to access the web configurator, select Go to Wizard

setup and click Apply. Otherwise, click the wizard icon ( ) in the top right corner of
the web configurator to display the wizard main screen.

Figure 34 Select a Mode

2 Click BANDWIDTH MANAGEMENT SETUP to configure the system for Internet

access and wireless connection.

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Figure 35 Wizard: Welcome

3 Activate bandwidth management and select to allocate bandwidth to packets based on the

service requirements.

Figure 36 Bandwidth Management Wizard: General Information

The following fields describe the label in this screen.

Table 18 Bandwidth Management Wizard: General Information

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Active Select the Active check box to have the ZyXEL Device apply bandwidth

Back Click Back to display the previous screen.

Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.

management to traffic going out through the ZyXEL Device’s port(s).
Select Services Setup to allocate bandwidth based on the service requirements.

4 Use the second wizard screen to select the services that you want to apply bandwidth

management and select the priorities that you want to apply to the services listed.

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Figure 37 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Configuration

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 19 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Configuration

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Active Select an entry’s Active check box to turn on bandwidth management for the service/

Service These fields display the services names.

Priority Select High, Mid or Low priority for each service to have your ZyXEL Device use a

Auto classifier
rest bandwidth

Back Click Back to go back to the previous wizard screen.

Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the ZyXEL Device.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.

application.

priority for traffic that matches that service.
A service with High priority is given as much bandwidth as it needs.
If you select services as having the same priority, then bandwidth is divided equally

amongst those services.
Services not specified in bandwidth management are allocated bandwidth after all

specified services receive their bandwidth requirements.
If the rules set up in this wizard are changed in Advanced > Bandwidth MGMT >

Rule Setup, then the service priority radio button will be set to User Configured.
The Advanced > Bandwidth MGMT > Rule Setup screen allows you to edit these

rule configurations.

Select Auto classifier rest bandwidth to automatically allocate unbudgeted or
unused bandwidth to services based on the packet type.

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5 Follow the on-screen instructions and click Finish to complete the wizard setup and save

your configuration.

Figure 38 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Complete

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75 Chapter 4 Bandwidth Management Wizard

This chapter describes how to configure WAN settings.

5.1 WAN Overview

A WAN (Wide Area Network) is an outside connection to another network or the Internet.

5.1.1 Encapsulation

Be sure to use the encapsulation method required by your ISP. The ZyXEL Device supports
the following methods.

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CHAPTER 5

WAN Setup

5.1.1.1 ENET ENCAP

The MAC Encapsulated Routing Link Protocol (ENET ENCAP) is only implemented with the
IP network protocol. IP packets are routed between the Ethernet interface and the WAN
interface and then formatted so that they can be understood in a bridged environment. For
instance, it encapsulates routed Ethernet frames into bridged ATM cells. ENET ENCAP
requires that you specify a gateway IP address in the ENET ENCAP Gateway field in the
second wizard screen. You can get this information from your ISP.

5.1.1.2 PPP over Ethernet

PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet) provides access control and billing
functionality in a manner similar to dial-up services using PPP. PPPoE is an IETF standard
(RFC 2516) specifying how a personal computer (PC) interacts with a broadband modem
(DSL, cable, wireless, etc.) connection.

For the service provider, PPPoE offers an access and authentication method that works with
existing access control systems (for example RADIUS).

One of the benefits of PPPoE is the ability to let you access one of multiple network services,
a function known as dynamic service selection. This enables the service provider to easily
create and offer new IP services for individuals.

Operationally, PPPoE saves significant effort for both you and the ISP or carrier, as it requires
no specific configuration of the broadband modem at the customer site.

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By implementing PPPoE directly on the ZyXEL Device (rather than individual computers),
the computers on the LAN do not need PPPoE software installed, since the ZyXEL Device
does that part of the task. Furthermore, with NAT, all of the LANs’ computers will have
access.

5.1.1.3 PPPoA

PPPoA stands for Point to Point Protocol over ATM Adaptation Layer 5 (AAL5). A PPPoA
connection functions like a dial-up Internet connection. The ZyXEL Device encapsulates the
PPP session based on RFC1483 and sends it through an ATM PVC (Permanent Virtual
Circuit) to the Internet Service Provider’s (ISP) DSLAM (digital access multiplexer). Please
refer to RFC 2364 for more information on PPPoA. Refer to RFC 1661 for more information
on PPP.

5.1.1.4 RFC 1483

RFC 1483 describes two methods for Multiprotocol Encapsulation over ATM Adaptation
Layer 5 (AAL5). The first method allows multiplexing of multiple protocols over a single
ATM virtual circuit (LLC-based multiplexing) and the second method assumes that each
protocol is carried over a separate ATM virtual circuit (VC-based multiplexing). Please refer
to the RFC for more detailed information.

5.1.2 Multiplexing

There are two conventions to identify what protocols the virtual circuit (VC) is carrying. Be
sure to use the multiplexing method required by your ISP.

5.1.2.1 VC-based Multiplexing

In this case, by prior mutual agreement, each protocol is assigned to a specific virtual circuit;
for example, VC1 carries IP, etc. VC-based multiplexing may be dominant in environments
where dynamic creation of large numbers of ATM VCs is fast and economical.

5.1.2.2 LLC-based Multiplexing

In this case one VC carries multiple protocols with protocol identifying information being
contained in each packet header. Despite the extra bandwidth and processing overhead, this
method may be advantageous if it is not practical to have a separate VC for each carried
protocol, for example, if charging heavily depends on the number of simultaneous VCs.

5.1.3 Encapsulation and Multiplexing Scenarios

For Internet access you should use the encapsulation and multiplexing methods used by your
ISP. Consult your telephone company for information on encapsulation and multiplexing
methods for LAN-to-LAN applications, for example between a branch office and corporate
headquarters. There must be prior agreement on encapsulation and multiplexing methods

77 Chapter 5 WAN Setup

because they cannot be automatically determined. What method(s) you use also depends on
how many VCs you have and how many different network protocols you need. The extra
overhead that ENET ENCAP encapsulation entails makes it a poor choice in a LAN-to-LAN
application. Here are some examples of more suitable combinations in such an application.

5.1.3.1 Scenario 1: One VC, Multiple Protocols

PPPoA (RFC-2364) encapsulation with VC-based multiplexing is the best combination
because no extra protocol identifying headers are needed. The PPP protocol already contains
this information.

5.1.3.2 Scenario 2: One VC, One Protocol (IP)

Selecting RFC-1483 encapsulation with VC-based multiplexing requires the least amount of
overhead (0 octets). However, if there is a potential need for multiple protocol support in the
future, it may be safer to select PPPoA encapsulation instead of RFC-1483, so you do not
need to reconfigure either computer later.

5.1.3.3 Scenario 3: Multiple VCs

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

If you have an equal number (or more) of VCs than the number of protocols, then select RFC­1483 encapsulation and VC-based multiplexing.

5.1.4 VPI and VCI

Be sure to use the correct Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) and Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI)
numbers assigned to you. The valid range for the VPI is 0 to 255 and for the VCI is 32 to
65535 (0 to 31 is reserved for local management of ATM traffic). Please see the appendix for
more information.

5.1.5 IP Address Assignment

A static IP is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. A dynamic IP is not fixed; the ISP assigns you
a different one each time. The Single User Account feature can be enabled or disabled if you
have either a dynamic or static IP. However the encapsulation method assigned influences
your choices for IP address and ENET ENCAP gateway.

5.1.5.1 IP Assignment with PPPoA or PPPoE Encapsulation

If you have a dynamic IP, then the IP Address and ENET ENCAP Gateway fields are not
applicable (N/A). If you have a static IP, then you only need to fill in the IP Address field and
not the ENET ENCAP Gateway field.

5.1.5.2 IP Assignment with RFC 1483 Encapsulation

In this case the IP Address Assignment must be static with the same requirements for the IP
Address and ENET ENCAP Gateway fields as stated above.

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5.1.5.3 IP Assignment with ENET ENCAP Encapsulation

In this case you can have either a static or dynamic IP. For a static IP you must fill in all the IP
Address and ENET ENCAP Gateway fields as supplied by your ISP. However for a
dynamic IP, the ZyXEL Device acts as a DHCP client on the WAN port and so the IP
Address and ENET ENCAP Gateway fields are not applicable (N/A) as the DHCP server

assigns them to the ZyXEL Device.

5.1.6 Nailed-Up Connection (PPP)

A nailed-up connection is a dial-up line where the connection is always up regardless of traffic
demand. The ZyXEL Device does two things when you specify a nailed-up connection. The
first is that idle timeout is disabled. The second is that the ZyXEL Device will try to bring up
the connection when turned on and whenever the connection is down. A nailed-up connection
can be very expensive for obvious reasons.

Do not specify a nailed-up connection unless your telephone company offers flat-rate service
or you need a constant connection and the cost is of no concern

5.1.7 NAT

NAT (Network Address Translation - NAT, RFC 1631) is the translation of the IP address of a
host in a packet, for example, the source address of an outgoing packet, used within one
network to a different IP address known within another network.

5.2 Metric

The metric represents the "cost of transmission". A router determines the best route for
transmission by choosing a path with the lowest "cost". RIP routing uses hop count as the
measurement of cost, with a minimum of "1" for directly connected networks. The number
must be between "1" and "15"; a number greater than "15" means the link is down. The
smaller the number, the lower the "cost".

The metric sets the priority for the ZyXEL Device’s routes to the Internet. If any two of the
default routes have the same metric, the ZyXEL Device uses the following pre-defined
priorities:

• Normal route: designated by the ISP (see Section 5.5 on page 82)

• Traffic-redirect route (see Section 5.7 on page 90)

• WAN-backup route, also called dial-backup (see Section 5.8 on page 91)

For example, if the normal route has a metric of "1" and the traffic-redirect route has a metric
of "2" and dial-backup route has a metric of "3", then the normal route acts as the primary
default route. If the normal route fails to connect to the Internet, the ZyXEL Device tries the
traffic-redirect route next. In the same manner, the ZyXEL Device uses the dial-backup route
if the traffic-redirect route also fails.

79 Chapter 5 WAN Setup

If you want the dial-backup route to take first priority over the traffic-redirect route or even the
normal route, all you need to do is set the dial-backup route’s metric to "1" and the others to
"2" (or greater).

IP Policy Routing overrides the default routing behavior and takes priority over all of the
routes mentioned above.

5.3 Traffic Shaping

Traffic Shaping is an agreement between the carrier and the subscriber to regulate the average
rate and fluctuations of data transmission over an ATM network. This agreement helps
eliminate congestion, which is important for transmission of real time data such as audio and
video connections.

Peak Cell Rate (PCR) is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells. This parameter
may be lower (but not higher) than the maximum line speed. 1 ATM cell is 53 bytes (424 bits),
so a maximum speed of 832Kbps gives a maximum PCR of 1962 cells/sec. This rate is not
guaranteed because it is dependent on the line speed.

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Sustained Cell Rate (SCR) is the mean cell rate of each bursty traffic source. It specifies the
maximum average rate at which cells can be sent over the virtual connection. SCR may not be
greater than the PCR.

Maximum Burst Size (MBS) is the maximum number of cells that can be sent at the PCR.
After MBS is reached, cell rates fall below SCR until cell rate averages to the SCR again. At
this time, more cells (up to the MBS) can be sent at the PCR again.

If the PCR, SCR or MBS is set to the default of "0", the system will assign a maximum value
that correlates to your upstream line rate.

The following figure illustrates the relationship between PCR, SCR and MBS.

Figure 39 Example of Traffic Shaping

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5.3.1 ATM Traffic Classes

These are the basic ATM traffic classes defined by the ATM Forum Traffic Management 4.0
Specification.

5.3.1.1 Constant Bit Rate (CBR)

Constant Bit Rate (CBR) provides fixed bandwidth that is always available even if no data is
being sent. CBR traffic is generally time-sensitive (doesn't tolerate delay). CBR is used for
connections that continuously require a specific amount of bandwidth. A PCR is specified and
if traffic exceeds this rate, cells may be dropped. Examples of connections that need CBR
would be high-resolution video and voice.

5.3.1.2 Variable Bit Rate (VBR)

The Variable Bit Rate (VBR) ATM traffic class is used with bursty connections. Connections
that use the Variable Bit Rate (VBR) traffic class can be grouped into real time (VBR-RT) or
non-real time (VBR-nRT) connections.

The VBR-RT (real-time Variable Bit Rate) type is used with bursty connections that require
closely controlled delay and delay variation. It also provides a fixed amount of bandwidth (a
PCR is specified) but is only available when data is being sent. An example of an VBR-RT
connection would be video conferencing. Video conferencing requires real-time data transfers
and the bandwidth requirement varies in proportion to the video image's changing dynamics.

The VBR-nRT (non real-time Variable Bit Rate) type is used with bursty connections that do
not require closely controlled delay and delay variation. It is commonly used for "bursty"
traffic typical on LANs. PCR and MBS define the burst levels, SCR defines the minimum
level. An example of an VBR-nRT connection would be non-time sensitive data file transfers.

5.3.1.3 Unspecified Bit Rate (UBR)

The Unspecified Bit Rate (UBR) ATM traffic class is for bursty data transfers. However, UBR
doesn't guarantee any bandwidth and only delivers traffic when the network has spare
bandwidth. An example application is background file transfer.

5.4 Zero Configuration Internet Access

Once you turn on and connect the ZyXEL Device to a telephone jack, it automatically detects
the Internet connection settings (such as the VCI/VPI numbers and the encapsulation method)
from the ISP and makes the necessary configuration changes. In cases where additional
account information (such as an Internet account user name and password) is required or the
ZyXEL Device cannot connect to the ISP, you will be redirected to web screen(s) for
information input or troubleshooting.

Zero configuration for Internet access is disable when

81 Chapter 5 WAN Setup

• the ZyXEL Device is in bridge mode

• you set the ZyXEL Device to use a static (fixed) WAN IP address.

5.5 Internet Connection

To change your ZyXEL Device’s WAN Internet access settings, click Network > WAN. The
screen differs by the encapsulation.

See Section 5.1 on page 76 for more information.

Figure 40 Internet Connection (PPPoE)

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 20 Internet Connection

LABEL DESCRIPTION

General

Name Enter the name of your Internet Service Provider, e.g., MyISP. This information is

Mode Select Routing (default) from the drop-down list box if your ISP allows multiple

Chapter 5 WAN Setup 82

for identification purposes only.

computers to share an Internet account. Otherwise select Bridge.

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Table 20 Internet Connection (continued)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Encapsulation Select the method of encapsulation used by your ISP from the drop-down list

box. Choices vary depending on the mode you select in the Mode field.
If you select Bridge in the Mode field, select either PPPoA or RFC 1483.
If you select Routing in the Mode field, select PPPoA, RFC 1483, ENET

ENCAP or PPPoE.

User Name (PPPoA and PPPoE encapsulation only) Enter the user name exactly as your

Password (PPPoA and PPPoE encapsulation only) Enter the password associated with the

Service Name (PPPoE only) Type the name of your PPPoE service here.

Multiplexing Select the method of multiplexing used by your ISP from the drop-down list.

Virtual Circuit ID VPI (Virtual Path Identifier) and VCI (Virtual Channel Identifier) define a virtual

VPI The valid range for the VPI is 0 to 255. Enter the VPI assigned to you.

VCI The valid range for the VCI is 32 to 65535 (0 to 31 is reserved for local

IP Address This option is available if you select Routing in the Mode field.

Subnet Mask
(ENET ENCAP

encapsulation only)

Gateway IP address
(ENET ENCAP

encapsulation only)

Connection
(PPPoA and PPPoE

encapsulation only)

Nailed-Up
Connection

Connect on Demand Select Connect on Demand when you don't want the connection up all the time

Max Idle Timeout Specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field when you select Connect

Apply Click Apply to save the changes.

ISP assigned. If assigned a name in the form user@domain where domain
identifies a service name, then enter both components exactly as given.

user name above.

Choices are VC or LLC.

circuit. Refer to the appendix for more information.

management of ATM traffic). Enter the VCI assigned to you.

A static IP address is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. A dynamic IP address is
not fixed; the ISP assigns you a different one each time you connect to the
Internet.

If you use the encapsulation type except RFC 1483, select Obtain an IP

Address Automatically when you have a dynamic IP address; otherwise select
Static IP Address and type your ISP assigned IP address in the IP Address

field below.
If you use RFC 1483, enter the IP address given by your ISP in the IP Address

field.

Enter a subnet mask in dotted decimal notation.
Refer to the appendices to calculate a subnet mask If you are implementing

subnetting.

You must specify a gateway IP address (supplied by your ISP) when you select
ENET ENCAP in the Encapsulation field

Select Nailed-Up Connection when you want your connection up all the time.
The ZyXEL Device will try to bring up the connection automatically if it is
disconnected.

and specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field.

on Demand. The default setting is 0, which means the Internet session will not
timeout.

83 Chapter 5 WAN Setup

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Table 20 Internet Connection (continued)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Advanced Setup Click this button to display the Advanced Internet Connection Setup screen

and edit more details of your WAN setup.

5.5.1 Configuring Advanced Internet Connection Setup

To edit your ZyXEL Device's advanced WAN settings, click the Advanced Setup button in
the Internet Connection screen. The screen appears as shown.

Figure 41 Advanced Internet Connection Setup

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 21 Advanced Internet Connection Setup

LABEL DESCRIPTION

RIP & Multicast
Setup

RIP Direction Select the RIP direction from None, Both, In Only and Out Only.

RIP Version Select the RIP version from RIP-1, RIP-2B and RIP-2M.

Multicast IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to

ATM QoS

Chapter 5 WAN Setup 84

establish membership in a multicast group. The ZyXEL Device supports both IGMP
version 1 (IGMP-v1) and IGMP-v2. Select None to disable it.

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Table 21 Advanced Internet Connection Setup (continued)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

ATM QoS Type Select CBR (Continuous Bit Rate) to specify fixed (always-on) bandwidth for voice

or data traffic. Select UBR (Unspecified Bit Rate) for applications that are non-time
sensitive, such as e-mail. Select VBR-nRT (Variable Bit Rate-non Real Time) or
VBR-RT (Variable Bit Rate-Real Time) for bursty traffic and bandwidth sharing with
other applications.

Peak Cell Rate Divide the DSL line rate (bps) by 424 (the size of an ATM cell) to find the Peak Cell

Sustain Cell Rate The Sustain Cell Rate (SCR) sets the average cell rate (long-term) that can be

Maximum Burst
Size

Zero
Configuration

PPPoE
Passthrough

(PPPoE
encapsulation
only)

Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.

Apply Click Apply to save the changes.

Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Rate (PCR). This is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells. Type the
PCR here.

transmitted. Type the SCR, which must be less than the PCR. Note that system
default is 0 cells/sec.

Maximum Burst Size (MBS) refers to the maximum number of cells that can be sent
at the peak rate. Type the MBS, which is less than 65535.

This feature is not applicable/available when you configure the ZyXEL Device to
use a static WAN IP address or in bridge mode.

Select Yes to set the ZyXEL Device to automatically detect the Internet connection
settings (such as the VCI/VPI numbers and the encapsulation method) from the ISP
and make the necessary configuration changes.

Select No to disable this feature. You must manually configure the ZyXEL Device
for Internet access.

This field is available when you select PPPoE encapsulation.
In addition to the ZyXEL Device's built-in PPPoE client, you can enable PPPoE

pass through to allow up to ten hosts on the LAN to use PPPoE client software on
their computers to connect to the ISP via the ZyXEL Device. Each host can have a
separate account and a public WAN IP address.

PPPoE pass through is an alternative to NAT for application where NAT is not
appropriate.

Disable PPPoE pass through if you do not need to allow hosts on the LAN to use
PPPoE client software on their computers to connect to the ISP.

5.6 Configuring More Connections

This section describes the protocol-independent parameters for a remote network. They are
required for placing calls to a remote gateway and the network behind it across a WAN
connection. When you use the WAN > Internet Connection screen to set up Internet access,
you are configuring the first WAN connection.

Click Network > WAN > More Connections to display the screen as shown next.

85 Chapter 5 WAN Setup

Figure 42 More Connections

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 22 More Connections

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

LABEL DESCRIPTION

# This is the index number of a connection.

Active This display whether this connection is activated. Clear the check box to disable

the connection. Select the check box to enable it.

Name This is the descriptive name for this connection.

VPI/VCI This is the VPI and VCI values used for this connection.

Encapsulation This is the method of encapsulation used for this connection.

Modify The first (ISP) connection is read-only in this screen. Use the WAN > Internet

Connection screen to edit it.
Click the edit icon to go to the screen where you can edit the connection.
Click the delete icon to remove an existing connection. You cannot remove the

first connection.

Apply Click Apply to save the changes.

Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.

5.6.1 More Connections Edit

Click the edit icon in the More Connections screen to configure a connection.

Chapter 5 WAN Setup 86

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Figure 43 More Connections Edit

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 23 More Connections Edit

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Active Select the check box to activate or clear the check box to deactivate this

connection.

Name Enter a unique, descriptive name of up to 13 ASCII characters for this

connection.

Mode Select Routing from the drop-down list box if your ISP allows multiple computers

Encapsulation Select the method of encapsulation used by your ISP from the drop-down list

87 Chapter 5 WAN Setup

to share an Internet account.
If you select Bridge, the ZyXEL Device will forward any packet that it does not

route to this remote node; otherwise, the packets are discarded.

box. Choices are PPPoA, RFC 1483, ENET ENCAP or PPPoE.

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Table 23 More Connections Edit (continued)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

User Name (PPPoA and PPPoE encapsulation only) Enter the user name exactly as your

ISP assigned. If assigned a name in the form user@domain where domain
identifies a service name, then enter both components exactly as given.

Password (PPPoA and PPPoE encapsulation only) Enter the password associated with the

user name above.

Service Name (PPPoE only) Type the name of your PPPoE service here.

Multiplexing Select the method of multiplexing used by your ISP from the drop-down list.

Choices are VC or LLC.
By prior agreement, a protocol is assigned a specific virtual circuit, for example,

VC1 will carry IP. If you select VC, specify separate VPI and VCI numbers for
each protocol.

For LLC-based multiplexing or PPP encapsulation, one VC carries multiple
protocols with protocol identifying information being contained in each packet
header. In this case, only one set of VPI and VCI numbers need be specified for
all protocols.

VPI The valid range for the VPI is 0 to 255. Enter the VPI assigned to you.

VCI The valid range for the VCI is 32 to 65535 (0 to 31 is reserved for local

management of ATM traffic). Enter the VCI assigned to you.

IP Address This option is available if you select Routing in the Mode field.

A static IP address is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. A dynamic IP address is
not fixed; the ISP assigns you a different one each time you connect to the
Internet.

If you use the encapsulation type except RFC 1483, select Obtain an IP

Address Automatically when you have a dynamic IP address; otherwise select
Static IP Address and type your ISP assigned IP address in the IP Address

field below.
If you use RFC 1483, enter the IP address given by your ISP in the IP Address

field.

Subnet Mask Enter a subnet mask in dotted decimal notation.

Refer to the appendices to calculate a subnet mask If you are implementing
subnetting.

Gateway IP address Specify a gateway IP address (supplied by your ISP).

Connection

Nailed-Up
Connection

Connect on Demand Select Connect on Demand when you don't want the connection up all the time

Max Idle Timeout Specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field when you select Connect

NAT SUA only is available only when you select Routing in the Mode field.

Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.

Apply Click Apply to save the changes.

Select Nailed-Up Connection when you want your connection up all the time.
The ZyXEL Device will try to bring up the connection automatically if it is
disconnected.

and specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field.

on Demand. The default setting is 0, which means the Internet session will not
timeout.

Select SUA Only if you have one public IP address and want to use NAT. Click
Edit to go to the Port Forwarding screen to edit a server mapping set.

Otherwise, select None to disable NAT.

Chapter 5 WAN Setup 88

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Table 23 More Connections Edit (continued)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Advanced Setup Click this button to display the More Connections Advanced screen and edit

more details of your WAN setup.

5.6.2 Configuring More Connections Advanced Setup

To edit your ZyXEL Device's advanced WAN settings, click the Advanced Setup button in
the More Connections Edit screen. The screen appears as shown.

Figure 44 More Connections Advanced Setup

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 24 More Connections Advanced Setup

LABEL DESCRIPTION

RIP & Multicast
Setup

RIP Direction Select the RIP direction from None, Both, In Only and Out Only.

RIP Version Select the RIP version from RIP-1, RIP-2B and RIP-2M.

Multicast IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to

establish membership in a multicast group. The ZyXEL Device supports both IGMP
version 1 (IGMP-v1) and IGMP-v2. Select None to disable it.

ATM QoS

ATM QoS Type Select CBR (Continuous Bit Rate) to specify fixed (always-on) bandwidth for voice

or data traffic. Select UBR (Unspecified Bit Rate) for applications that are non-time
sensitive, such as e-mail. Select VBR-nRT (Variable Bit Rate-non Real Time) or
VBR-RT (Variable Bit Rate-Real Time) for bursty traffic and bandwidth sharing with
other applications.

89 Chapter 5 WAN Setup

Table 24 More Connections Advanced Setup (continued)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Peak Cell Rate Divide the DSL line rate (bps) by 424 (the size of an ATM cell) to find the Peak Cell

Rate (PCR). This is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells. Type the
PCR here.

Sustain Cell Rate The Sustain Cell Rate (SCR) sets the average cell rate (long-term) that can be

transmitted. Type the SCR, which must be less than the PCR. Note that system
default is 0 cells/sec.

Maximum Burst
Size

Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.

Apply Click Apply to save the changes.

Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Maximum Burst Size (MBS) refers to the maximum number of cells that can be sent
at the peak rate. Type the MBS, which is less than 65535.

5.7 Traffic Redirect

Traffic redirect forwards traffic to a backup gateway when the ZyXEL Device cannot connect
to the Internet. An example is shown in the figure below.

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Figure 45 Traffic Redirect Example

The following network topology allows you to avoid triangle route security issues when the
backup gateway is connected to the LAN. Use IP alias to configure the LAN into two or three
logical networks with the ZyXEL Device itself as the gateway for each LAN network. Put the
protected LAN in one subnet (Subnet 1 in the following figure) and the backup gateway in
another subnet (Subnet 2). Configure filters that allow packets from the protected LAN
(Subnet 1) to the backup gateway (Subnet 2).

Chapter 5 WAN Setup 90

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

Figure 46 Traffic Redirect LAN Setup

5.8 Configuring WAN Backup

To change your ZyXEL Device’s WAN backup settings, click Network > WAN > WAN
Backup Setup. The screen appears as shown.

Figure 47 WAN Backup Setup

91 Chapter 5 WAN Setup

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 25 WAN Backup Setup

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Backup Type Select the method that the ZyXEL Device uses to check the DSL connection.

Select DSL Link to have the ZyXEL Device check if the connection to the DSLAM is
up. Select ICMP to have the ZyXEL Device periodically ping the IP addresses
configured in the Check WAN IP Address fields.

Check WAN IP
Address1-3

Configure this field to test your ZyXEL Device's WAN accessibility. Type the IP
address of a reliable nearby computer (for example, your ISP's DNS server
address).

Note: If you activate either traffic redirect or dial backup, you must

configure at least one IP address here.

When using a WAN backup connection, the ZyXEL Device periodically pings the
addresses configured here and uses the other WAN backup connection (if
configured) if there is no response.

Fail Tolerance Type the number of times (2 recommended) that your ZyXEL Device may ping the

IP addresses configured in the Check WAN IP Address field without getting a
response before switching to a WAN backup connection (or a different WAN
backup connection).

Recovery Interval When the ZyXEL Device is using a lower priority connection (usually a WAN backup

Timeout Type the number of seconds (3 recommended) for your ZyXEL Device to wait for a

Traffic Redirect Traffic redirect forwards traffic to a backup gateway when the ZyXEL Device cannot

Active Traffic
Redirect

connection), it periodically checks to whether or not it can use a higher priority
connection.

Type the number of seconds (30 recommended) for the ZyXEL Device to wait
between checks. Allow more time if your destination IP address handles lots of
traffic.

ping response from one of the IP addresses in the Check WAN IP Address field
before timing out the request. The WAN connection is considered "down" after the
ZyXEL Device times out the number of times specified in the Fail Tolerance field.
Use a higher value in this field if your network is busy or congested.

connect to the Internet.

Select this check box to have the ZyXEL Device use traffic redirect if the normal
WAN connection goes down.

Note: If you activate traffic redirect, you must configure at least one

Check WAN IP Address.

Metric This field sets this route's priority among the routes the ZyXEL Device uses.

The metric represents the "cost of transmission". A router determines the best route
for transmission by choosing a path with the lowest "cost". RIP routing uses hop
count as the measurement of cost, with a minimum of "1" for directly connected
networks. The number must be between "1" and "15"; a number greater than "15"
means the link is down. The smaller the number, the lower the "cost".

Backup Gateway Type the IP address of your backup gateway in dotted decimal notation. The ZyXEL

Device automatically forwards traffic to this IP address if the ZyXEL Device's
Internet connection terminates.

Apply Click Apply to save the changes.

Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Chapter 5 WAN Setup 92

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

93 Chapter 5 WAN Setup

This chapter describes how to configure LAN settings.

6.1 LAN Overview

A Local Area Network (LAN) is a shared communication system to which many computers
are attached. A LAN is a computer network limited to the immediate area, usually the same
building or floor of a building. The LAN screens can help you configure a LAN DHCP server
and manage IP addresses.

See Section 6.3 on page 100 to configure the LAN screens.

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

CHAPTER 6

LAN Setup

6.1.1 LANs, WANs and the ZyXEL Device

The actual physical connection determines whether the ZyXEL Device ports are LAN or
WAN ports. There are two separate IP networks, one inside the LAN network and the other
outside the WAN network as shown next.

Figure 48 LAN and WAN IP Addresses

Chapter 6 LAN Setup 94

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

6.1.2 DHCP Setup

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, RFC 2131 and RFC 2132) allows individual
clients to obtain TCP/IP configuration at start-up from a server. You can configure the ZyXEL
Device as a DHCP server or disable it. When configured as a server, the ZyXEL Device
provides the TCP/IP configuration for the clients. If you turn DHCP service off, you must
have another DHCP server on your LAN, or else the computer must be manually configured.

6.1.2.1 IP Pool Setup

The ZyXEL Device is pre-configured with a pool of IP addresses for the DHCP clients (DHCP
Pool). See the product specifications in the appendices. Do not assign static IP addresses from
the DHCP pool to your LAN computers.

6.1.3 DNS Server Address

DNS (Domain Name System) is for mapping a domain name to its corresponding IP address
and vice versa. The DNS server is extremely important because without it, you must know the
IP address of a machine before you can access it. The DNS server addresses that you enter in
the DHCP setup are passed to the client machines along with the assigned IP address and
subnet mask.

There are two ways that an ISP disseminates the DNS server addresses. The first is for an ISP
to tell a customer the DNS server addresses, usually in the form of an information sheet, when
s/he signs up. If your ISP gives you the DNS server addresses, enter them in the DNS Server
fields in DHCP Setup, otherwise, leave them blank.

Some ISP’s choose to pass the DNS servers using the DNS server extensions of PPP IPCP (IP
Control Protocol) after the connection is up. If your ISP did not give you explicit DNS servers,
chances are the DNS servers are conveyed through IPCP negotiation. The ZyXEL Device
supports the IPCP DNS server extensions through the DNS proxy feature.

If the Primary and Secondary DNS Server fields in the DHCP Setup screen are not
specified, for instance, left as 0.0.0.0, the ZyXEL Device tells the DHCP clients that it itself is
the DNS server. When a computer sends a DNS query to the ZyXEL Device, the ZyXEL
Device forwards the query to the real DNS server learned through IPCP and relays the
response back to the computer.

Please note that DNS proxy works only when the ISP uses the IPCP DNS server extensions. It
does not mean you can leave the DNS servers out of the DHCP setup under all circumstances.
If your ISP gives you explicit DNS servers, make sure that you enter their IP addresses in the
DHCP Setup screen. This way, the ZyXEL Device can pass the DNS servers to the computers
and the computers can query the DNS server directly without the ZyXEL Device’s
intervention.

95 Chapter 6 LAN Setup

6.1.4 DNS Server Address Assignment

Use DNS (Domain Name System) to map a domain name to its corresponding IP address and
vice versa. The DNS server is extremely important because without it, you must know the IP
address of a computer before you can access it.

There are two ways that an ISP disseminates the DNS server addresses.

• The ISP tells you the DNS server addresses, usually in the form of an information sheet,
when you sign up. If your ISP gives you DNS server addresses, enter them in the DNS
Server fields in the DHCP Setup screen.

• The ZyXEL Device acts as a DNS proxy when the Primary and Secondary DNS Server
fields are left as 0.0.0.0 in the DHCP Setup screen.

6.2 LAN TCP/IP

The ZyXEL Device has built-in DHCP server capability that assigns IP addresses and DNS
servers to systems that support DHCP client capability.

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

6.2.1 IP Address and Subnet Mask

Similar to the way houses on a street share a common street name, so too do computers on a
LAN share one common network number.

Where you obtain your network number depends on your particular situation. If the ISP or
your network administrator assigns you a block of registered IP addresses, follow their
instructions in selecting the IP addresses and the subnet mask.

If the ISP did not explicitly give you an IP network number, then most likely you have a single
user account and the ISP will assign you a dynamic IP address when the connection is
established. If this is the case, it is recommended that you select a network number from

192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.0 and you must enable the Network Address Translation (NAT)
feature of the ZyXEL Device. The Internet Assigned Number Authority (IANA) reserved this
block of addresses specifically for private use; please do not use any other number unless you
are told otherwise. Let's say you select 192.168.1.0 as the network number; which covers 254
individual addresses, from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.254 (zero and 255 are reserved). In other
words, the first three numbers specify the network number while the last number identifies an
individual computer on that network.

Once you have decided on the network number, pick an IP address that is easy to remember,
for instance, 192.168.1.1, for your ZyXEL Device, but make sure that no other device on your
network is using that IP address.

The subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP address. Your ZyXEL Device
will compute the subnet mask automatically based on the IP address that you entered. You
don't need to change the subnet mask computed by the ZyXEL Device unless you are
instructed to do otherwise.

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6.2.1.1 Private IP Addresses

Every machine on the Internet must have a unique address. If your networks are isolated from
the Internet, for example, only between your two branch offices, you can assign any IP
addresses to the hosts without problems. However, the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
(IANA) has reserved the following three blocks of IP addresses specifically for private
networks:

• 10.0.0.0 — 10.255.255.255

• 172.16.0.0 — 172.31.255.255

• 192.168.0.0 — 192.168.255.255

You can obtain your IP address from the IANA, from an ISP or it can be assigned from a
private network. If you belong to a small organization and your Internet access is through an
ISP, the ISP can provide you with the Internet addresses for your local networks. On the other
hand, if you are part of a much larger organization, you should consult your network
administrator for the appropriate IP addresses.

Note: Regardless of your particular situation, do not create an arbitrary IP address;

always follow the guidelines above. For more information on address
assignment, please refer to RFC 1597, Address Allocation for Private Internets
and RFC 1466, Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space.

6.2.2 RIP Setup

RIP (Routing Information Protocol) allows a router to exchange routing information with
other routers. The RIP Direction field controls the sending and receiving of RIP packets.
When set to:

• Both - the ZyXEL Device will broadcast its routing table periodically and incorporate
the RIP information that it receives.

• In Only - the ZyXEL Device will not send any RIP packets but will accept all RIP
packets received.

• Out Only - the ZyXEL Device will send out RIP packets but will not accept any RIP
packets received.

• None - the ZyXEL Device will not send any RIP packets and will ignore any RIP
packets received.

The Version field controls the format and the broadcasting method of the RIP packets that the
ZyXEL Device sends (it recognizes both formats when receiving). RIP-1 is universally
supported; but RIP-2 carries more information. RIP-1 is probably adequate for most networks,
unless you have an unusual network topology.

Both RIP-2B and RIP-2M sends the routing data in RIP-2 format; the difference being that
RIP-2B uses subnet broadcasting while RIP-2M uses multicasting.

97 Chapter 6 LAN Setup

6.2.3 Multicast

Traditionally, IP packets are transmitted in one of either two ways - Unicast (1 sender - 1
recipient) or Broadcast (1 sender - everybody on the network). Multicast delivers IP packets to
a group of hosts on the network - not everybody and not just 1.

IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to establish
membership in a Multicast group - it is not used to carry user data. IGMP version 2 (RFC

2236) is an improvement over version 1 (RFC 1112) but IGMP version 1 is still in wide use. If
you would like to read more detailed information about interoperability between IGMP
version 2 and version 1, please see sections 4 and 5 of RFC 2236. The class D IP address is
used to identify host groups and can be in the range 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255. The address

224.0.0.0 is not assigned to any group and is used by IP multicast computers. The address

224.0.0.1 is used for query messages and is assigned to the permanent group of all IP hosts
(including gateways). All hosts must join the 224.0.0.1 group in order to participate in IGMP.
The address 224.0.0.2 is assigned to the multicast routers group.

The ZyXEL Device supports both IGMP version 1 (IGMP-v1) and IGMP version 2 (IGMP-
v2). At start up, the ZyXEL Device queries all directly connected networks to gather group
membership. After that, the ZyXEL Device periodically updates this information. IP
multicasting can be enabled/disabled on the ZyXEL Device LAN and/or WAN interfaces in
the web configurator (LAN; WAN). Select None to disable IP multicasting on these
interfaces.

P-660H/HW-D Series User’s Guide

6.2.4 Any IP

Traditionally, you must set the IP addresses and the subnet masks of a computer and the
ZyXEL Device to be in the same subnet to allow the computer to access the Internet (through
the ZyXEL Device). In cases where your computer is required to use a static IP address in
another network, you may need to manually configure the network settings of the computer
every time you want to access the Internet via the ZyXEL Device.

With the Any IP feature and NAT enabled, the ZyXEL Device allows a computer to access the
Internet without changing the network settings (such as IP address and subnet mask) of the
computer, when the IP addresses of the computer and the ZyXEL Device are not in the same
subnet. Whether a computer is set to use a dynamic or static (fixed) IP address, you can simply
connect the computer to the ZyXEL Device and access the Internet.

The following figure depicts a scenario where a computer is set to use a static private IP
address in the corporate environment. In a residential house where a ZyXEL Device is
installed, you can still use the computer to access the Internet without changing the network
settings, even when the IP addresses of the computer and the ZyXEL Device are not in the
same subnet.

Chapter 6 LAN Setup 98

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Figure 49 Any IP Example

The Any IP feature does not apply to a computer using either a dynamic IP address or a static
IP address that is in the same subnet as the ZyXEL Device’s IP address.

Note: You must enable NAT/SUA to use the Any IP feature on the ZyXEL Device.

6.2.4.1 How Any IP Works

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a protocol for mapping an Internet Protocol address (IP
address) to a physical machine address, also known as a Media Access Control or MAC
address, on the local area network. IP routing table is defined on IP Ethernet devices (the
ZyXEL Device) to decide which hop to use,
destination.

The following lists out the steps taken, when a computer tries to access the Internet for the first
time through the ZyXEL Device.

1 When a computer (which is in a different subnet) first attempts to access the Internet, it

sends packets to its default gateway (which is not the ZyXEL Device) by looking at the
MAC address in its ARP table.

2 When the computer cannot locate the default gateway, an ARP request is broadcast on the

LAN.

3 The ZyXEL Device receives the ARP request and replies to the computer with its own

MAC address.

4 The computer updates the MAC address for the default gateway to the ARP table. Once

the ARP table is updated, the computer is able to access the Internet through the ZyXEL
Device.

to help forward data along to its specified

5 When the ZyXEL Device receives packets from the computer, it creates an entry in the IP

routing table so it can properly forward packets intended for the computer.

After all the routing information is updated, the computer can access the ZyXEL Device and
the Internet as if it is in the same subnet as the ZyXEL Device.

99 Chapter 6 LAN Setup