Z-World BL2000 User Manual

Wildcat (BL2000)

C-Programmable Singl e-Boar d Comp ut er with Et hern et

User’s Manual

019–0094 • 040731–K

Wildcat (BL2000) User’s Manual

Part Number 019-0094 • 040731–K • Printed in U. S.A.

©2001–2004 Z-World Inc. • All rights reserved.

Z-World reserves the right to make changes and

improvements to its products without providing n otice.

T r ade mark s

Rabbit and Rabbit 2000 are registered trademarks of Rabbit Semico nductor.

Dynamic C is a registered trademark of Z-World Inc.

Z-World, Inc.

2900 Spafford Street

Davis, California 95616-6800

USA

Tel e phone: [phone]

Fax: [phone]

www .zworld.com

Wildcat (BL2000)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter 1. Introduction 1

1.1 BL2000 Description..............................................................................................................................1

1.2 BL2000 Features...................................................................................................................................1

1.2.1 Connector Options........................................................................................................................2

1.3 Development and Evaluation Tools......................................................................................................3

1.3.1 Tool Kit.........................................................................................................................................3

1.3.2 Software........................................................................................................................................4

1.4 CE Compliance.....................................................................................................................................5

1.4.1 Design Guidelines.........................................................................................................................6

1.4.2 Interfacing the BL2000 to Other Devices.....................................................................................6

Chapter 2. Getting Started 7

2.1 BL2000 Connections............................................................................................................................7

2.2 Installing Dynamic C............................................................................................................................9

2.3 Starting Dynamic C ............................................................................................................................10

2.4 PONG.C..............................................................................................................................................11

2.5 Where Do I Go From Here? ...............................................................................................................11

Chapter 3. Subsystems 13

3.1 BL2000 Pinouts..................................................................................................................................14

3.1.1 Headers and Screw Terminals.....................................................................................................15

3.1.2 Power Supply Pins......................................................................................................................15

3.2 Digital I/O...........................................................................................................................................16

3.2.1 Digital Inputs...............................................................................................................................16

3.2.2 Digital Outputs............................................................................................................................18

3.3 Relay Outputs .....................................................................................................................................20

3.4 Serial Communication ........................................................................................................................21

3.4.1 RS-232 ........................................................................................................................................21

3.4.2 RS-485 ........................................................................................................................................21

3.4.3 Programming Port.......................................................................................................................23

3.4.4 Ethernet Port ...............................................................................................................................24

3.5 A/D Converter Inputs..........................................................................................................................26

3.6 D/A Converter Outputs .......................................................................................................................27

3.7 Memory...............................................................................................................................................29

3.7.1 SRAM .........................................................................................................................................29

3.7.2 Flash Memory.............................................................................................................................29

3.8 Programming Cable............................................................................................................................30

3.8.1 Detailed Instructions: Changing from Program Mode to Run Mode..........................................30

3.8.2 Detailed Instructions: Changing from Run Mode to Program Mode..........................................30

3.9 Other Hardware...................................................................................................................................31

3.9.1 External Interrupts.......................................................................................................................31

3.9.2 Clock Doubler.............................................................................................................................31

3.9.3 Spectrum Spreader......................................................................................................................31

Chapter 4. Software 33

4.1 Running Dynamic C...........................................................................................................................33

4.1.1 Upgrading Dynamic C................................................................................................................34

User’s Manual

4.2 Sample Programs................................................................................................................................ 35

4.2.1 General BL2000 Sample Programs............................................................................................35

4.2.2 Digital I/O...................................................................................................................................35

4.2.3 Serial Communication................................................................................................................36

4.2.4 A/D Converter Inputs.................................................................................................................36

4.2.5 D/A Converter Outputs...............................................................................................................37

4.2.6 TCP/IP Sample Programs...........................................................................................................37

4.3 BL2000 Libraries...............................................................................................................................38

4.4 BL2000 Function APIs....................................................................................................................... 39

4.4.1 Board Initialization.....................................................................................................................39

4.4.2 Digital I/O...................................................................................................................................41

4.4.3 Serial Communication................................................................................................................42

4.4.4 Relay and LED Outputs..............................................................................................................43

4.4.5 A/D Converter Inputs.................................................................................................................44

4.4.6 D/A Converter Outputs...............................................................................................................47

Chapter 5. Using the TCP/IP Features 51

5.1 TCP/IP Connections...........................................................................................................................51

5.2 TCP/IP Sample Programs...................................................................................................................53

5.2.1 How to Set IP Addresses in the Sample Programs.....................................................................53

5.2.2 How to Set Up your Computer’s IP Address for a Direct Connection ......................................54

5.3 Run the PINGME.C Sample Program................................................................................................55

5.4 Running More Sample Programs With a Direct Connection......................................... ..... ...............56

5.5 Where Do I Go From Here?...............................................................................................................56

Appendix A. Specifications 57

A.1 Electrical and Mechanical Specifications..........................................................................................58

A.1.1 Headers......................................................................................................................................61

A.2 Conformal Coating............................................................................................................................62

A.3 Jumper Configurations......................................................................................................................63

A.4 Use of Rabbit 2000 Parallel Ports.....................................................................................................65

Appendix B. Plastic Enclosure 67

B.1 Assembly........................................................................................................................................... 68

B.2 Dimensions........................................................................................................................................70

Appendix C. Power Supply 71

C.1 Power Supplies..................................................................................................................................71

C.1.1 Power for Analog Circuits.........................................................................................................72

C.2 Batteries and External Battery Connections........................................... ...... ...... ...............................72

C.2.1 Replacing the Backup Battery...................................................................................................73

C.2.2 Battery-Backup Circuit..............................................................................................................73

C.2.3 Power to VRAM Switch............................................................................................................74

C.2.4 Reset Generator..........................................................................................................................75

C.3 Chip Select Circuit.............................................................................................................................76

Appendix D. Demonstration Board 79

D.1 Connecting Demonstration Board..................................................................................................... 79

Appendix E. Programming Cable 83
Notice to Users 87
Index 89
Schematics 91

Wildcat (BL2000)

1. INTRODUCTION

The BL2000 is a high-performance, C-programmable single­board computer that offers built-in digital and analog I/O com­bined with Ethernet connectivity in a compact form factor. A

Rabbit 2000
fast data processing. An optional plastic enclosure is available,
and may be wall-mounted or panel-mounted.

1.1 BL2000 Description

The BL2000 is an advanced single-board computer that incorporates the powerful Rabbit
2000 microprocessor, flash memory, static RAM, digital I/O ports, A/D converter inputs,
D/A converter outputs, an SPDT relay output, and a 10Base-T Ethernet port.

1.2 BL2000 Features

®

microprocessor operating at 22.1 MHz provides

• Rabbit 2000® microprocessor operating at 22.1 MHz.

• 128K static RAM and 256K flash memory.

• Up to 28 digital I/O:

11 protected digital inputs (plus up to 7 dual-purpose unbuffered analog inputs that

may be software-configured for use as digital inputs) and 10 high-current digital
sinking outputs that may be factory-configured as sourcing outputs.

• 11 analog channels: nine 12-bit A/D converter inputs, two 12-bit D/A converter outputs.

• Onboard SPDT relay .

• One RJ-45 Ethernet port compliant with IEEE 802.3 standard for 10Base-T Ethernet

protocol.

• Eight status LEDs.

• 4 serial ports (2 RS-232 or 1 RS-232 with RTS/CTS, 1 RS-485, and 1 CMOS-compati-

ble programming port).

• Real-time clock.

• Watchdog supervisor.

• Voltage regulator.

User’s Manual 1

• Backup battery.

• Ability to send e-mail and serve Web pages containing embedded data from single-

board computer.

• Remote program downloading and debugging capability via RabbitLink.

• Boards with the CE mark are CE-compliant.

• Optional plastic enclosure (can be wall-mounted or panel-mounted) and LED light

pipes (enclosure and light pipes are included with the Tool Kit, and are also sold sepa­rately).

Appendix A provides detailed specifications.
Four models of the BL2000 are available. Their standard features are summarized in

Table 1.

Table 1. BL2000 Series Features

Model Features

BL2000 Full-featured single-board computer.

BL2010

BL2020 BL2000 without Ethernet interface, only 6 LEDs.
BL2030 BL2010 without Ethernet interface, only 6 LEDs.

BL2000 with eleven 10-bit A/D converter inputs (no D/A
converter outputs).

1.2.1 Connector Options

In addition to the standard screw-terminal connectors supplied on BL2000 boards, IDC
headers, bottom-mount connectors, and polarized friction-lock terminals may be factory­installed instead. Visit our Web site at www.zworld.com

or contact your Z-World sales

representative or authorized distributor for further information.

Standard screw terminals, accept
up to 14 AWG (1.5 mm

2

) wire

“Bottom-mount connector” to
mount BL2000 directly on 0.1"
pitch pins located on motherboard

2 × 17 IDC headers, 0.1" pitch

2 Wildcat (BL2000)

Polarized friction-lock terminals,

0.1" pitch

1.3 Development and Evaluation Tools

1.3.1 Tool Kit

A T ool Kit contains the hardware essentials you will need to use your own BL2000 single­board computer. The items in the Tool Kit and their use are as follows:

• BL2000 User’s Manual with schematics (this document).

• Dynamic C CD-ROM, with complete product documentation on disk.

• Programming cable, used to connect your PC serial port to the BL2000.

• AC adapter, used to power the BL2000

. An AC adapter is supplied with tool kits sold in
the North American market. If you are using another power supply, it must provide 9 to
40 V DC

.

• Demonstration Board with pushbutton switches and LEDs. The Demonstration Board
can be hooked up to the BL2000 to demonstrate the I/O and the TCP/IP capabilities of
the BL2000.

• Wire assembly to connect Demonstration Board to BL2000.

• Plastic enclosure with four screws and eight customer-installable light pipes.

• Screwdriver.

• Rabbit 2000 Processor Easy Reference poster.

• Registration card.

DIAG

Programming

Cable

Screwdriver

AC Adapter

(North American

kits only)

PROG

Demo Board
Wiring Harness

·

·

S

S

G

W

W

N

D

2

1

H2

LED1 LED2 LED3 LED4

· ·

1-2

· ·

3-4

DEMO BOARD

· ·

5-6

SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4

·

1

L

K

S

+

S

E

5

W

W

V

D

D

4

3

2

1

·

·

·

·

H

·

·

·

·

1

2

8

6

4

-

-

-

­7

5

3

L

E

3

BUZZER

1

B

L

L

E

E

U

D

D

Z

4

Z

E

R

J

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

LED Light Pipes

Demo Board

User's Manual

Plastic Enclosure

Figure 1. BL2000 Tool Kit

User’s Manual 3

1.3.2 Software

The BL2000 is programmed using version 7.04 or later of Z-World’s Dynamic C. A com-

patible version is included on the Tool Kit CD-ROM.

Z-World also offers add-on Dynamic C modules containing the popular µC/OS-II real­time operating system, as well as PPP, Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), and other
select libraries. In addition to the Web-based technical support included at no extra charge,
a one-year telephone-based technical support module is also available for purchase. Visit
our Web site at www.zworld.com

or contact your Z-World sales representative or autho-

rized distributor for further information.

4 Wildcat (BL2000)

1.4 CE Compliance

Equipment is generally divided into two classes.

CLASS A CLASS B

Digital equipment meant for light industrial use Digital equipment meant for home use
Less restrictive emissions requirement:

less than 40 dB µV/m at 10 m
(40 dB relative to 1 µV/m) or 300 µV/m

More restrictive emissions requirement:
30 dB µV/m at 10 m o r 100 µV/m

These limits apply over the range of 30–230 MHz. The limits are 7 dB higher for frequen­cies above 230 MHz. Although the test range goes to 1 GHz, the emissions from Rabbit­based systems at frequencies above 300 MHz are generally well below background noise
levels.

The BL2000 single-board computer has been tested and was found to
be in conformity with the following applicable immunity and emission
standards. The BL2010, BL2020, and BL2030 single-board computers
are also CE qualified as they are sub-versions of the BL2000 single­board computer. Boards that are CE-compliant have the CE mark.

NOTE: Earlier versions of the BL2000 sold before 2003 that do not have the CE mark

are not CE-compliant.

Immunity

The BL2000 series of single-board computers meets the following EN55024/1998 immu­nity standards.

• EN61000-4-3 (Radiated Immunity)

• EN61000-4-4 (EFT)

• EN61000-4-6 (Conducted Immunity)

Additional shielding or filtering may be required for a heavy industrial environment.

Emissions

The BL2000 series of single-board computers meets the following emission standards
using the enhanced-EMI PCB, Part# 175-0224 Rev. A, and the 668-0003 Rev. A Rabbit
2000 microprocessor.

• EN55022:1998 Class B

• FCC Part 15 Class B

Your results may vary, depending on your application, so additional shielding or filtering
may be needed to maintain the Class B emission qualification.

User’s Manual 5

1.4.1 Design Guidelines

Note the following requirements for incorporating the BL2000 series of single-board com­puters into your application to comply with CE requirements.

General

• The power supply provided with the Tool Kit is for development purposes only. It is the
customer’s responsibility to provide a CE-compliant power supply for the end-product
application.

• When connecting the BL2000 single-board computer to outdoor cables, the customer is
responsible for providing CE-approved surge/lighting protection.

• Z-World recommends placing digital I/O or analog cables that are 3 m or longer in a
metal conduit to assist in maintaining CE compliance and to conform to good cable
design practices.

• When installing or servicing the BL2000, it is the responsibility of the end-user to use
proper ESD precautions to prevent ESD damage to the BL2000.

Safety

• All inputs and outputs to and from the BL2000 series of single-board computers must
not be connected to voltages exceeding SELV levels (42.4 V AC peak, or 60 V DC).

• The lithium backup battery circuit on the BL2000 single-board computer has been
designed to protect the battery from hazardous conditions such as reverse charging and
excessive current flows. Do not disable the safety features of the design.

1.4.2 Interfacing the BL2000 to Other Devices

Since the BL2000 series of single-board computers is designed to be connected to other
devices, good EMC practices should be followed to ensure compliance. CE compliance is
ultimately the responsibility of the integrator. Additional information, tips, and technical
assistance are available from your authorized Z-World distributor, and are also available
on our Web site at www.zworld.com

.

6 Wildcat (BL2000)

2. GETTING S TARTED

Chapter 2 explains how to connect the programming cable and
power supply to the BL2000.

2.1 BL2000 Connections

1. Attach the BL2000 to the plastic enclosure base.
Position the BL2000 over the plastic enclosure base as shown below in Figure 2. Attach

the BL2000 to the base at the top left and bottom right positions using the two 4-40 × ¼
screws supplied with the enclosure.

GND RST- IN1 IN0 485- 485+ RXD2 TXD2 RXD1 TXD1 AGNDDAC1 DAC0 ADC8ADC7 ADC6 ADC5ADC4 ADC3 ADC2ADC1 ADC0+RAW +K

J1

J2

GND

GN D

GND GND

R1

J6

C23

D1

C25

T

C28

V
S
1

+

D2

14

+

L1

23

C
3
3
R

R

3

3

6

7

R

R

5

J7
POWER IN

GND

J8

J10

IN3IN2 IN4 IN5 IN6 IN7 IN8 IN9 IN10 OUT8 OUT9 GND GNDOUT0 OUT1OUT2 OUT3 OUT4OUT5 OUT6 OUT7 NC

5

0

1

C

C

3

3

8

9
R

R

5

5

5

4

R

R

5

5

9

8

GN D

J5

R4

R6

R12

C10

C80

R20

R130

R16

R15

C20

R19

C16

C19

Y3

Y2

C17

C24

U4

R
1
5

1

R33

C
3
4

2
C
4

0
R
5
6

R
6
0

R
2
8

C

2

Q2

7

R30

C29

R32
R34
R35

R40

C31

R31

D3

C

C

3

3

6

5

R

R

R41

R42

3

3

9

8

D4

D5

R

R

5

5

3

C
4
1

R

5
7
R
6

1

C46

C44

C43

C45

GNDGNDGNDGND

GND

GND GND

R13

R153

U5

C
2
2

R
2
7

R43 R44
D6

C47

GND

C1

R9

R154

C18

9

0

R45

D7 D8 D9

C85

J4
J3

AGND

AGND

AGND

C2

C3

C75

R5

C79

U2

C8

R7

C4

R

R

R

C

J

1

P

1

1

1

5

1

1

0

1

R17

7

U1

C13

JP2

C76

C

R152

1

R22

4

C21

R

2

6

4

5

1

5

U6

R46

C50

C49C48

GND

Y1

4

0

1432

R29

C26

D

Q3

G

Battery

Q5

CAUTION

C32

R48

R47

R49

D11 D12

D10

C51

C52

GND

GND

GN D

NO

COM

AGND

AG ND

AGND

R2

R3

C78

C
1
5

R

2

C77

Q1

3

56

R

R

2

2

5

6

Q4

S

Q6

4
2

GND

J11
J9

J12

C5

C7

+

R8

C9

U3

R14

R18

C12

D

R21

S

R

1

W
P

D

1

K

S

N

2

L

D

1

S

0

T

3

C
A

D

0
T

S

U

4

O

K1

D
S

1

BT1

T

5

U

O

D

2

+

S

T

6

U

O

D

3

S

T

7

U

+

O

D
A
B

DS8

C
3
7

C

Figure 2. Attach BL2000 to Plastic Enclosure Base

The plastic enclosure base facilitates handling the BL2000 during development, and pro­vides an attractive mounting alternative. Alternatively, you may wish to use standoffs to
protect the components on the other side of the board. The plastic enclosure is offered as a
separate option when individual BL2000 boards are purchased.

NOTE: Appendix B, “Plastic Enclosure,” provides additional information and specifica-

tions for the plastic enclosure.

User’s Manual 7

2. Connect the programming cable to download programs from your PC and to debug the
BL2000.

Connect the 10-pin

PROG connector of the programming cable to header J5 on the BL2000.

Ensure that the colored edge lines up with pin 1 as shown. (Do not use the DIAG connector,
which is used for monitoring only, as explained in Appendix E, “Programming Cable.”)
Connect the other end of the programming cable to a COM port on your PC. Make a note of
the port to which you connect the cable, as Dynamic C will need to ha ve this parameter con­figured. Note that COM1 on the PC is the default COM port used by Dynamic C.

To

PC COM port

Programming Cable

Colored edge

DIAG

GND RST- IN1 IN0 485- 485+ RXD2 TXD2 RXD1 TXD1 AGND DAC1 DAC0 ADC8 ADC7 ADC6 ADC5 ADC4 ADC3 ADC2 ADC1 ADC0+RAW +K

J1
J2

GND GND

R1

GND

GN D

GND GND

R13

J5

R4
R6

PROG

R12

C10

C80

R20

C20

R130

R16

R15

R19

C16

Y3

C17

C24

U4

C25

R151

R30

Q2

J6

C23

C85

J4
J3

AGND

AGND

C2

C3

C75

C1
R9

R153

C19

U5

Y2

R28

C27

U2

C8

R157

R10

JP1

U1

R154

C18

JP2

R27C22

65

90

15

AG ND

AGND

R5

C79

R2

C78

R7

C4

R11

C11

R17

C13

C76

C14

R152

R22
C21

R24

40

1432

R29

C26

AGND

AGND

R3

C5

R8

U3

R18

C15

R23

C77

Q1

56

Y1

R25

R26

Q4

J12

C7

+

C9

R14

C12

DS1

R21

PWRLNKACTOUT 0

1

10

DS4DS3DS2

K1

PROG

J5

Figure 3. Programming Cable Connections

3. Connect the power supply.

Plug the DC end of the power sup­ply into jack J7, which is labeled

POWER IN, as shown in Figure 4.

4. Apply power.

Plug in the AC adapter. If you are
using your own power supply, it
must provide 9 V to 40 V DC—
voltages outside this range could

RESET

PIN

GND RST- IN1 IN0 485- 485+ RXD2 TXD2 RXD1 TXD1+RAW +K

J1
J2

GND

GN D

GND GND

R4
R6

R1

R12

C10

R20

C20

C16

C17

C24

R151

J6

C23

D1

C25

TVS1

C28

+

D2

14

+

L1

23

C33

J7

J8

J10

POWER IN

R36

C38R50

R54

R58

GND

GN D

IN3IN2 IN4 IN5 IN6 IN7 IN8 IN9 IN10 OUT8 OUT9 GND

J5

R16
R19

U4

R30

C29

C34

R37

R51

C39

R55

R59

damage the BL2000.
The green PWR LED and the red

Figure 4. Power Supply Connection

BAD LED should come on, indicat-

ing that the BL2000 is now ready to be used.

NOTE: A hardware RESET is done by unplugging the AC adapter , th en plu gging it back i n, or

by momentarily grounding the board r ese t i nput at pin 9 on screw terminal header J 2.

C80

Q2

C31

R33

GND GND

R13

R130

R15

Y3

R31

C35

R38

R52

C40

R56

R60

C1
R9

R153

R154

C19

U5

Y2

R27C22

R28

C27

R32
R34
R35
R40
D3

C36

R39

R41

D4

C41R53

R57

R61

C44

C43

GNDGNDGNDGND

GND

8 Wildcat (BL2000)

2.2 Installing Dynamic C

If you have not yet installed Dynamic C version 7.04 (or a later version), do so now by
inserting the Dynamic C CD in your PC’s CD-ROM drive. The CD will auto-install unless
you have disabled auto-install on your PC.

If the CD does not auto-install, click
browse for the Dynamic C

setup.exe file on your CD drive. Click OK to begin the

installation once you have selected the

Start > Run from the Windows St art button and

setup.exe file.

The online documentation is installed along with Dynamic C, and an icon for the docu­mentation menu is placed on the workstation’s desktop. Double-click this icon to reach the
menu. If the icon is missing, create a new desktop icon that points to default.htm in the

docs folder, found in the Dynamic C installation folder.

The latest versions of all documents are always available for free, unregistered download
from our web sites as well.

The Dynamic C User’s Manual provides detailed instructions for the installation of
Dynamic C and any future upgrades.

NOTE: If you have an earlier version of Dynamic C already installed, the default instal-

lation of the la te r ver sion wi ll b e in a different fold er, and a sep arate icon will appear on
your desktop.

User’s Manual 9

2.3 St arting Dynamic C

Once the BL2000 is connected to your PC and to a power source, start Dynamic C by dou-

ble-clicking on the Dynamic C icon or by double-clicking on dcrabXXXX.exe in the Dynamic
C root directory, where XXXX are version-specific characters.

Dynamic C defaults to using the serial port on your PC that you specified during installa­tion. If the port setting is correct, Dynamic C should detect the BL2000 and go through a
sequence of steps to cold-boot the BL2000 and to compile the BIOS. (Some versions of
Dynamic C will not do the initial BIOS compile and load until the first time you compile a
program.)

If you receive the message

No Rabbit Processor Detected, the programming

cable may be connected to the wrong COM port, a connection may be faulty, or the target
system may not be powered up. First, check both ends of the programming cable to ensure
that it is firmly plugged into the PC and the programming port.

If there are no faults with the hardware, select a different COM port within Dynamic C.
From the

Options menu, select Communications. Select another COM port from the list,

then click OK. Press <Ctrl-Y> to force Dynamic C to recompile the BIOS. If Dynamic C
still reports it is unable to locate the target system, repeat the above steps until you locate the
active COM port. You should receive a Bios compiled successfully message
once this step is completed successfully.

If Dynamic C appears to compile the BIOS successfully, but you then receive a communi­cation error message when you compile and load a sample program, it is possible that your
PC cannot handle the higher program-loading baud rate. Try changing the maximum
download rate to a slower baud rate as follows.

• Locate the Serial Options dialog in the Dynamic C Options > Communications
menu. Select a slower Max download baud rate.

If a program compiles and loads, but then loses target communication before you can
begin debugging, it is possible that your PC cannot handle the default debugging baud
rate. Try lowering the debugging baud rate as follows.

• Locate the

Serial Options dialog in the Dynamic C Options > Communications

menu. Choose a lower debug baud rate.

10 Wildcat (BL2000)

2.4 PONG.C

You are now ready to test your set-up by running a sample program.
Find the file

open it with the

PONG.C, which is in the Dynamic C SAMPLES folder. To run the program,

File menu (if it is not still open), compile it using the Compile m enu, and

then run it by selecting Run in the Run menu. The STDIO window will open and will dis­play a small square bouncing around in a box.

This program does not test the serial ports, the I/O, or the TCP/IP part of the board, but
does ensure that the board is basically functional. The sample program described in
Section 5.3, “Run the PINGME.C Sample Program,” tests the TCP/IP portion of the
board.

2.5 Where Do I Go From Here?

NOTE: If you purchased your BL2000 through a distributor or Z-World partner, contact

the distributor or Z-World partner first for technical support.

If there are any problems at this point:

• Check the Z-W orld Technical Bulletin Board at www.zworld.com/support/bb/.

• Use the T echn ical Support e-mail form at www.zworld.com/support/support_submit.htm l.

If the sample program ran fine, you are now ready to go on to explore other BL2000 fea­tures and develop your own applications.

Chapter 3, “Subsystems,” provides a description of the BL2000’s features, Chapter 4,
“Software,” describes the Dynamic C software libraries and introduces some sample pro­grams, and Chapter 5, “Using the TCP/IP Features,” explains the TCP/IP features.

User’s Manual 11

12 Wildcat (BL2000)

3. SUBSYSTEMS

Chapter 3 describes the principal subsystems for the BL2000.

• Digital I/O

• Relay Outputs

• Serial Communication

• A/D Converter Inputs

• D/A Converter Outputs

• Memory

• External Interrupts

Figure 5 shows these Rabbit-based subsystems designed into the BL2000.

SRAM

Flash

BL2000

32 kHz

osc

RABBIT

Ethernet

Programming

Port

11 MHz

osc

RS-232

RS-485

2000

Figure 5. BL2000 Subsystems

Digital

Inputs

Digital

Outputs

Relay

Output

A/D

Converter

D/A

Converter

User’s Manual 13

3.1 BL2000 Pinouts

The BL2000 pinouts are shown in Figure 6(a) and Figure 6(b).

IN10

OUT8

OUT9

GND

OUT0

OUT1

OUT2

OUT3

OUT4

OUT5

OUT6

OUT7

COM

GND/VCC

IN2

IN3

IN4

IN5

IN6

IN7

IN8

IN9

NO

NC

1

J8

2

J8

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

1

2

J8

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

J9

J7

Battery

J6

Serial Port Nomenclature

TXD1
RXD1
TXD2
RXD2

Rabbit 2000

TxB
RxB

TxC/RTS

RxC/CTS

HeaderJ2

J2

J4

12

11

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

12

11

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

+RAW

GND

J8

+K

/RESET

IN1

IN0

485

485+

RXD2

TXD2

RXD1

TXD1

AGND

DAC1

J8

DAC0

ADC8

ADC7

ADC6

ADC5

ADC4

ADC3

ADC2

ADC1

ADC0

J12

BAD OUT3 OUT2 OUT1 OUT0 ACT LNK PWR

DS8

DS7

DS6

DS5

DS4

DS3

DS2

DS1

GND

GND

VBATEXT

Figure 6(a). BL2000 Pinouts (screw-terminal headers)

14 Wildcat (BL2000)

3.1.1 Headers and Screw Terminals

All BL2000 models are equipped with 1 × 12 screw terminal strips (J2, J4, J8, and J9) and
a 2-pin power jack (J7). The BL2000 and BL2010 also have the RJ-45 Ethernet jack (J6).

There is provision on the circuit board to accommodate 2 × 17 IDC headers or 1 × 17
friction-lock connectors with a pitch of 0.1" instead of the screw terminal strips. The
pinouts for these connectors are shown in Figure 6(b).

GND

GND

GND

GND

IN10

OUT8

GND

OUT9

GND

OUT0
OUT1

GND
OUT2
OUT3

GND
OUT4
OUT5

GND
OUT6
OUT7

GND

COM

GND

GND/VCC

IN2
IN3

IN4
IN5

IN6
IN7

IN8
IN9

NO

NC

1
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33

1
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33

J10

J11

J7

Battery

J6

Serial Port Nomenclature

TXD1

RXD1

TXD2

RXD2

Rabbit 2000

TxB
RxB

TxC/RTS

RxC/CTS

HeaderJ2

J1

J3

33
31
29
27
25
23
21
19
17
15
13
11

33
31
29
27
25
23
21
19
17
15
13

+RAW
GND
GND
+K
/RESET
GND
IN1
IN0
GND
485
485+
GND

9

RXD2

7

TXD2

5

GND

3

RXD1

1

TXD1

AGND
DAC1
AGND
DAC0
ADC8
AGND
ADC7
ADC6
AGND
ADC5
ADC4

11

AGND

9

ADC3

7

ADC2

5

AGND

3

ADC1

1

ADC0

J12

BAD OUT3 OUT2 OUT1 OUT0 ACT LNK PWR

DS8

DS7

DS6

DS5

DS4

DS3

DS2

DS1

GND

GND

VBATEXT

Figure 6(b). BL2000 Pinouts (other 0.1" headers)

3.1.2 Power Supply Pins

Instead of connecting an AC adapter to the power supply jack, J7, the input power supply
(9 V to 40 V DC) may be connected to pins 12 and 11 on header J2 (see Figure 6(a) or
Figure 6(b)).

Pin 12 on header J9 or J10 is normally GND by factory default, but may be changed to
Vcc by removing resistor R161 and installing resistor R160. See Appendix C, “Power
Supply,” for more information on this configuration and for information on backup­battery options.

User’s Manual 15

3.2 Digital I/O

3.2.1 Digital Inputs

The BL2000 has 11 digital inputs, IN0–IN10, each of which is protected over a range of
–36 V to +36 V. The inputs are factory-configured to be pulled up to +5 V, but they can
also be pulled down by moving the surface-mounted jumper at JP6 as shown in Figure 7.

GND

JP6

JP6

3

1

27 kW

22 kW

Vcc

10 nF

Factory
Default

Rabbit 2000

Microprocessor



Figure 7(a). BL2000 Digital Inputs [Pulled Up—JP6(1–2) connected]

JP6

JP6

3

1

Vcc

27 kW

+5 V

GND

22 kW

10 nF

Rabbit 2000

Microprocessor



Figure 7(b). BL2000 Digital Inputs [Pulled Down—JP6(2–3) connected]

16 Wildcat (BL2000)

JP6

JP6

3

1

27 kW

Vcc

22 kW

10 nF

Rabbit 2000

Microprocessor



Figure 7(c). Example of Logic Gate Driving BL2000 Digital Input

The actual switching threshold is approximately 2.40 V for channels IN0–IN10. Anything
below this value is a logic 0, and anything above is a logic 1.

The A/D converter inputs can be used as additional digital inputs using the parameters
specified for the digIn software function call. The default threshold for channels IN11–
IN21 is also set to 2.40 V, but may be changed by adding two lines to your program as dis­cussed for the digIn software function call.

The digital inputs are each fully protected over a range of -36 V to +36 V, and can handle
short spikes of ±40 V.

Normal Switching

Levels

Spikes

+40 V

+36 V

Spikes

+3.3 V

Digital Input Voltage

40 V

Spikes

Figure 8. BL2000 Digital Input Protected Range

User’s Manual 17

3.2.2 Digital Outputs

The BL2000 has 10 digital outputs, OUT0–OUT9, each of which can either sink or source
up to 200 mA, depending on how the outputs are configured. On boards that carry the CE
mark, OUT8 and OUT9 are each capable of sinking up to 750 mA.

Each output can be configured individually as either a sinking or a sourcing output as shown
in Figure 9. The outputs can be pulled as a group to Vcc, +K, or GND through 27 kΩ resis­tors. Tie the outputs high to either Vcc or +K when using the outputs as sinking outputs (via
0 Ω resistors at R32 or R35 respectively), or tie the outputs to GND via R34 when using the
outputs as sourcing outputs. +K is an externally supplied voltage of up to 40 V DC, and is
used primarily in combination with current sourcing outputs, and must also be connected to
an external supply when an inductive load is connected to a sinking output.

NOTE: Remove the 27 kΩ resistors (R143–R150) from the output circuits if no pull-

up/down is required to avoid leakage between the outputs. These resistors are located
on the bottom side of the BL2000 board above the solder points for screw terminal
header J9.

SINKING OUTPUTFactory Default

Vcc

0 W

27 kW

K

SOURCING OUTPUTSpecial Order

Vcc

0 W

K

27 kW

Figure 9. BL2000 Digital Outputs

18 Wildcat (BL2000)

The locations of the output pull-up/pull-down select resistors R32, R34, and R35 are
shown in Figure 10.

R32
R34
R35

D1

TVS1

D2

C25

C28

+

14

23

J7

POWER IN

GND

J8

J10

IN3IN2 IN4 IN5 IN6 IN7 IN8 IN9 IN10 OUT8 OUT9 GND GND/VCCOUT0 OUT1 OUT2 OUT3 OUT4 OUT5 OUT6 OUT7 NCNO

Q2

R30

C29

+

L1

C33

R36

C38R50

R54

R58

GN D

R32
R34
R35
R40

C31

R31

D3

R33

C34

C36

C35

R37

R39

R38

R41

R42

D4

R51

R52

C39

C40

R55

R56

R60

R59

D5

C41R53

R57

R61

C44

C43

C45

GNDGNDGNDGND

GND

SRAM

R45

R43 R44

D7 D8 D9

D6

C47

C46

GND

U6

R46

C49C48

R29

C26

C32

R47
D10

C50

GND

D

Q3

Battery

Q5

R48

R49

D11 D12

C51

C52

GN D

Q4

S

G

GND

DS4

OUT 0OUT 1OUT 2OUT 3BAD

DS5

BT1

DS6

+

DS7

+

DS8

Q6

C37

C42

GND

GND

J11

J9

COM

Figure 10. Locations of Resistors R32, R34, and R35

All BL2000 models are factory-configured with sinking outputs and pull-up resistors tied
to Vcc via a 0 Ω resistor at R32.

User’s Manual 19

3.3 Relay Outputs

Figure 11 shows the BL2000 relay contact connections. A diode across the coil provides a
return path for inductive spikes, and snubbers across the relay contacts protect the relay
contacts from inductive spikes.

10

9

11

47 W

47 W

J9

100 nF

100 nF

Vcc

COM

8

7

NO

9

NC

COM

3

4

NO

2

NC

Rabbit 2000

Microprocessor



1

10

Figure 11. BL2000 Relay Output Contact Connections

The relay is driven by PA0, which is the same Rabbit 2000 parallel port that drives OUT0
and LED DS4. OUT0 therefore works in parallel with the relay output.

The relay included on the BL2000 has contacts rated for 1 A @ 30 V DC or 300 mA @
120 V AC. When using the BL2000 in a CE-certified application, the voltages handled by
the relay must not exceed SELV levels (42.4 V AC peak, or 60 V DC).

20 Wildcat (BL2000)

3.4 Serial Communication

The BL2000 has one RS-232 serial channel (with RTS/CTS) or two RS-232 (3-wire)
channels, one RS-485 serial channel, and one CMOS serial channel. The RS-232 chan­nel(s) are configured with the serMode software function call. Table 2 summarizes the
options.

Table 2. Serial Communication Configurations

Serial Port

Mode

B C D

0 RS-232, 3-wire RS-232, 3-wire RS-485
1 RS-232, 5-wire CTS/RTS RS-485

All four serial ports operate in an asynchronous mode. An asynchronous port can handle 7
or 8 data bits. A 9th bit address scheme, where an additional bit is sent to mark the first
byte of a message, is also supported. Serial Port A can be operated alternately in the
clocked serial mode. In this mode, a clock line synchronously clocks the data in or out.
Either of the two communicating devices can supply the clock. The BL2000 series boards
typically use all four ports in the asynchronous serial mode. Serial Ports B and C are used
for RS-232 communication, and Serial Port D is used for RS-485 communication. The
BL2000 uses an 11.0592 MHz crystal, which is doubled to 22.1184 MHz. At this fre­quency, the BL2000 supports standard baud rates up to a maximum of 230,400 bps.

3.4.1 RS-232

The BL2000 RS-232 serial communication is supported by an RS-232 transceiver , U1. U1
provides the voltage output, slew rate, and input voltage immunity required to meet the
RS-232 serial communication protocol. Basically, the chip translates the Rabbit 2000’s
CMOS/TTL signals to RS-232 signal levels. Note that the polarity is reversed in an
RS-232 circuit so that a +5 V output becomes approximately -10 V and 0 V is output as
+10 V. U1 also provides the proper line loading for reliable communication.

RS-232 can be used effectively at this baud rate for distances up to 15 m.

3.4.2 RS-485

The BL2000 has one RS-485 serial channel, which is connected to the Rabbit 2000 Serial
Port D through U8, an RS-485 transceiver.
protocol. The chip’s slew rate limiters provide for a maximum baud rate of

U8 supports the RS-485 serial communication

230,400

bps

,
which allows for a network of up to 300 m (or 1000 ft). The half-duplex communication
uses the Rabbit 2000’s PB6 pin to control the transmit enable on the communication line.

The BL2000 can be used in an RS-485 multidrop network. Connect the 485+ to 485+ and
485– to 485– using single twisted-pair wires (nonstranded, tinned) as shown in Figure 12.
Note that a common ground is recommended.

User’s Manual 21

J2

J1

GND GND

R1

GND RST- IN1 IN0 485- 485+ RXD2 TXD2 RXD1 TXD1 AGND DAC1 DAC0ADC8 ADC7 ADC6 ADC5 ADC4 ADC3 ADC2 ADC1 ADC0+RAW +K

C20

GND

R4

C17

R6

R20

C10

C16

R12

GN D

R19

R16

J5

C80

Y3

Y2

C19

U5

C21

R24

DS2

PWRLNK

GND GND

R130

R13

R15

R9

C1

R153

R154

C18

U1

C2

C3

C8

AGND

U2

JP1

JP2

R157

AGND

C75

R10
R11

C13

R5

C11

R17

C4

R152

C79

C76

AGND

R7

R2

R22

C78

C14

AG ND

R23

C77

R3

Q1

AGND

R8

R18

C15

U3

C5

R21

C7

AGND

+

R14

DS1

C12

J12

C9

J2

GND GND

R1

C20

GND

R4

C17

R6

R20

C10

C16

R12

GN D

R19

R16

J5

C80

Y3

Y2

C19

U5

C21

R24

DS2

PWRLNK

GND GND

R130

R13

R15

R9

C1

R153

R154

C18

U1

C2
C3

C8

AGND

U2

JP1

JP2

R157

AGND

C75

R10
R11

C13

R5

C11

R17

C4

R152

C79

C76

AGND

R7

R2

R22

C78

C14

AG ND

R23

C77

R3

Q1

AGND

R8

R18

C15

U3

C5

R21

C7

AGND

+

R14

DS1

C12

J12

C9

J2

GND GND

R1

C20

GND

R4

C17

R6

R20

C10

C16

R12

GN D

R19

R16

J5

C80

Y3

Y2

C19

U5

C21

R24

DS2

PWRLNK

GND GND

R130

R13

R15

R9

C1

R153

R154

C18

U1

C2
C3

C8

AGND

U2

JP1

JP2

R157

AGND

C75

R10
R11

C13

R5

C11

R17

C4

R152

C79

C76

AGND

R7

R2

R22

C78

C14

AG ND

R23

C77

R3

Q1

AGND

R8

R18

C15

U3

C5

R21

C7

AGND

+

R14

DS1

C12

J12

C9

Ground recommended

C85

J4

J3

J1

GND RST- IN1 IN0 485- 485+ RXD2 TXD2 RXD1 TXD1 AGND DAC1 DAC0ADC8 ADC7 ADC6 ADC5 ADC4 ADC3 ADC2 ADC1 ADC0+RAW +K

C85

J4

J3

10

9

J1

GND RST- IN1 IN0 485- 485+ RXD2 TXD2 RXD1 TXD1 AGND DAC1 DAC0ADC8 ADC7 ADC6 ADC5 ADC4 ADC3 ADC2 ADC1 ADC0+RAW +K

C85

J4

J3

8

7

6

5

J2

GN

+K

/RESET

IN1

IN0

485

485+

RX

Figure 12. Multidrop BL2000 Network

22 Wildcat (BL2000)

The BL2000 comes with a 220 Ω termination resistor and two 681 Ω bias resistors installed
and enabled with jumpers across pins 1–2 and 3–4 on header JP1, as shown in Figure 13.

1

U8

6

7

485+

485

2

4

JP1

1

3

bias

termi-

nation

bias

R68
681 W

R70
220 W

R77
681 W

3

JP1

2

C85

RXD1 TXD1 AGND DAC1 DAC0 ADC8 ADC7 ADC6 ADC5 ADC4 ADC3 ADC2 ADC1 ADC0

J4
J3

GND AGND

U1

AGND

C2

C3

C75

R5

U2

C8

R157

R10

R11

JP1

4

AG ND

AGND

R2

C79

C4

C11

R3R7C78

AGND

R8

R18

U3

C5

AGND

C7

Factory
Default

J12

+

C9

R14

C12

Figure 13. RS-485 Termination and Bias Resistors

The bias and termination resistors in a multidrop network should only be enabled on both
end nodes of the network. Disable the termination and bias resistors on the intervening
BL2000 units in the network by removing both jumpers from header JP1.

3.4.3 Programming Port

The BL2000 has a 10-pin programming header labeled J5. The programming port uses the
Rabbit 2000’s Serial Port A for communication. The Rabbit 2000 startup-mode pins
(SMODE0, SMODE1) are presented to the programming port so that an externally con­nected device can force the BL2000 to start up in an external bootstrap mode.

NOTE: Refer to the Rabbit 2000 Microprocessor User’s Manual for more information

related to the bootstrap mode.

The programming port is used to start the BL2000 in a mode where the BL2000 will
download a program from the port and then execute the program. The programming port
transmits information to and from a PC while a program is being debugged.

The BL2000 can be reset from the programming port via the /EXT_RSTIN line.
The Rabbit 2000 status pin is also presented to the programming port. The status pin is an

output that can be used to send a general digital signal.

User’s Manual 23

3.4.4 Ethernet Port

Figure 14 shows the pinout for t he Ether net po rt (J6) . Note t hat th ere are tw o stan dar ds for
numbering the pins on this connector—the convention used here, and numbering in reverse
to that shown. Regardless of the numbering convention followed, the pin positions relative
to the spring tab position (located at the bottom of the RJ-45 jack in Figure 14) are always
absolute, and the RJ-45 connector will work pr operly with off-the-shelf Ethernet cables.

ETHERNET

J6

1

1. E_Tx+

2. E_Tx

3. E_Rx+

6. E_Rx

RJ-45 Plug

RJ-45 Jack

Figure 14. RJ-45 Ethernet Port Pinout

8

RJ-45 pinouts are sometimes numbered opposite to the way shown in Figure 14.
The transformer/connector assembly ground is connected to the BL2000 printed circuit

board digital ground via a 0 Ω resistor “jumper,” R1, as shown in Figure 15.

RJ-45 Ethernet Plug

R1

Board

Ground

Chassis

Ground

Figure 15. Isolation Resistor R1

The factory default is for the 0 Ω resistor “jumper” at R1 to be installed. In high-noise
environments, it may be useful to ground the transformer/connector assembly directly
through the chassis ground. This will be especially helpful to minimize ESD and/or EMI
problems. Once you have removed the 0 Ω resistor “jumper,” R1, use a ring lug to attach
the BL2000 to the chassis ground, thereby grounding the transformer/connector assembly.

24 Wildcat (BL2000)

A convenient position for the ring lug has been provided at the top-left mounting screw
hole near the RJ-45 jack as shown in Figure 16.

GND RST- IN1 IN0 485- 485+ RXD2 TXD2 RXD1 TXD1+RAW +K

J1

Remove R1

Add solder lug to

connect ground

wire to chassis

Figure 16. Recommended Location for Ring Lug

J2

J6

C23

D1

GND GND

R1

GND

C20

R4
R6

C17

C24

R20

C10

R12

C16

R151

GN D

GND GND

J5

C80
R16
R19

Y3

U4

Q2

R130

R13

R15

R153

C19

Y2

C1

R9

R154

U5

R27C22

R28

C27

User’s Manual 25

3.5 A/D Converter Inputs

The single 14-channel A/D converter used in the BL2000 has a resolution of 12 bits (models
BL2000 and BL2020) or 10 bits (models BL2010 and BL2030). Eleven of the 14 channels
are available externally, and three are used internally for the reference voltages: 4.096 V
(V

), 2.048 V (V

ref

/2), and Analog Ground. These internal voltages can be used to check

ref

the functioning of the A/D converter.
The A/D converter only measures voltages between 0 V and the applied reference voltage.

Therefore, each external input has circuitry that provides scaling and buffering. The first
four external inputs are scaled and buffered to provide the user with an input impedance of
1 MΩ and a range of -10.24 V to +10.24 V. The remaining five or seven inputs are not
buffered, but are scaled to provide inputs that can range from 0 V to +49 V.

Figure 17 shows the buffered A/D converter inputs.

100 pF

200 kW

To AD C

+ V

ADC0

ADC1

100 pF

R

IN

1 MW

AGND

Figure 17. Buffered A/D Converter Inputs

The op-amp is powered from the +V supply. The 1 MΩ and 200 kΩ resistors set the gain
(scale factor), which is 0.2 in this case. This results in a dynamic input range of 4.096 V ÷

0.2 or 20.48 V. The center point of this range is set by the 1.707 V reference voltage. With
the reference set to 1.707 V, the center point is at 0 V and the input voltage can range from

-10.24 V to +10.24 V. To maintain the best accuracy, the input range should be limited to

-10.0 V to +10.0 V.
The five or seven unbuffered inputs have an impedance of 12 kΩ and a scale factor of

0.0833, which provides for an input voltage range of 0 V to 49.15 V. Accuracy is main­tained over the specified voltage range from 0 V to 48 V DC.

The analog inputs can also be used as digital inputs when required. In this case a lower
quality 10-bit D/A converter can be used, and the software would assign a 1 or 0 to a volt­age based on whether it is above or below a particular threshold. See the

digIn function

description for more information.

26 Wildcat (BL2000)

3.6 D/A Converter Outputs

Figure 18 shows the analog voltage reference circuit.

+V

1.707_VREF

14 kW

10 kW

100 W

4.096_VREF

100 nF

ref diode

4.096 V

100 nF

Figure 18. Analog Reference Voltages

453 W

DAC_PWR

JP3

3

+ V

2

1

This circuit generates the 4.096 V reference voltage, which is used by the A/D converter
and optionally by the two D/A converters. This sets the operating range of the A/D con­verter and the D/A converters (0–4.096 V). To use the full accuracy of the A/D converter
and the D/A converters, this voltage must be accurate to the same degree.

Under normal operation, the 453 Ω resistor is not installed. The reference zener diode in
combination with the 100 Ω resistor form a shunt regulator. The 4.096 V reference voltage
then feeds the A/D converter, the D/A converters, and the voltage divider composed of the
10 kΩ and the 14 kΩ resistors. The voltage divider generates a second reference voltage of

1.707 V to feed the four op-amps for the buffered A/D converter inputs.
The reference voltage can be ratiometric rather than absolute. This is done by removing

the zener diode and installing the 453 Ω resistor. With this arrangement, the reference
voltages follow changes in the power supply voltages Vcc and V+, which is a filtered ver­sion of Vcc. This type of measurement circuit is preferred by some customers whose sen­sors are powered from the Vcc supply and hence the outputs track Vcc.

A jumper on header JP3 allows the D/A converters to be powered either from the 4.096 V
reference (factory default) or from the analog supply +V. The D/A converters use their
power source also as the reference input, so normally powering the D/A converters from
the more accurate 4.096 V reference is best. However, should a customer desire more
dynamic range (0–5 V rather than 0–4.096 V), the jumper across JP3 can be set to power
the D/A converters from +V. When powered from the +V supply, the outputs of the D/A
converters will always be ratiometric, independent of whether the zener diode is installed.

User’s Manual 27

Only the BL2000 and the BL2020 models are stuffed with D/A converters. The D/A con­verters provide only a voltage output. This means that in order to maintain the maximum
accuracy of the D/A converters, only a small amount of current should be drawn from the
D/A converter output (of the order of µA).

With D/A converters installed, the user has the option of using an unbuffered A/D con­verter input to read the output of a D/A converter or one of the two fixed voltages +V or
Vcc. The standard BL2000 configuration is for A/D converter channels 9 and 10 to moni­tor D/A converter channels 0 and 1 respectively.

Figure 19 shows the D/A converter outputs with buffer amplifiers, which may be used to
increase the D/A converter output voltage range to 0 V to +10 V.

ADC

AIN9

1 kW

10 nF

DAC0

11 kW

DAC0

DAC1

+

AGND

Figure 19. D/A Converter Outputs



+



28 Wildcat (BL2000)

3.7 Memory

Section A.3, “Jumper Configurations,” shows where the 0 Ω surface-mounted “jumpers”
described in this section are found.

3.7.1 SRAM

The BL2000 is designed to accept 128K to 512K of SRAM packaged in an SOIC case.
The standard models come with 128K of SRAM. Table 3 lists the jumper settings for the

jumpers used to set the SRAM size. The “jumpers” are 0 Ω surface-mounted resistors.

Table 3. Memory Jumper Selections

SRAM (JP5) Flash Memory (JP4)

1–2 128K 1–2 128K/256K
2–3 512K 2–3 512K

3.7.2 Flash M emory

The BL2000 is also designed to accept 128K to 512K of flash memory packaged in a
TSOP case.

The BL2000 comes with one 256K flash memory. Table 3 lists the jumper settings for the
jumpers used to set the SRAM size. The “jumpers” are 0 Ω surface-mounted resistors.

NOTE: Z-Wor ld rec ommends that any cust omer applications should not be constrain ed

by the sector size of the flash memory since it may be necessary to change the sector
size in the future.

A Flash Memory Bank Select jumper configuration option exists at JP2 with 0 Ω surface­mounted resistors. This option, used in conjunction with some configuration macros,
allows Dynamic C to compile two different co-resident programs for the upper and lower
halves of the 256K flash in such a way that both programs start at logical address 0000.
This is useful for applications that require a resident download manager and a separate
downloaded program. See Technical Note 218, Implementing a Serial Download Man-
ager for a 256K Flash, for details.

User’s Manual 29

3.8 Programming Cable

The BL2000 is automatically in Program Mode when the programming cable is attached,
and is automatically in Run Mode when no programming cable is attached. See Figure 20.

Power

Program Mode

To

PC COM port

Programming Cable

J5

R16
R19

U4

Q2

C80

Y3

C31

R33

GND GND

R13

C1
R9

R130

R15

R153

C19

U5

Y2

C27

R32
R34
R35
R40

R31

D3

C36

C35

R39

R38

R52

C41R53

C40

R57

R56

R60

R61

C43

GNDGNDGNDGND

Colored edge

C85

J4
J3

AGND

C2

C3

U2

C8

R157

JP1

U1

R154

C18

JP2

65

R27C22

90

R28

15

R41

R42

R43 R44

D4

D7 D8 D9

D5

D6

C47

C46

C44

C45

GND

AGND

AGND

C75

R5

C79

R2

R7

C4

R10

R11

C11

R17

C13

C76

R152

40

C26

U6

R47

R45

R46

D10

C50

C49C48

GND

GND

DIAG

GND RST- IN1 IN0 485- 485+ RXD2 TXD2 RXD1 TXD1 AGND DAC1 DAC0ADC8 ADC7 ADC6ADC5 ADC4 ADC3ADC2 ADC1 ADC0+RAW +K

J1
J2

GND

GN D

GND GND

R4
R6

R1

PROG

R12

C10

R20

C20

C16

C17

C24

J6

TVS1

J7

POWER IN

J8

J10

R151

C23

D1

C25

R30

C28

C29

+

D2

14

+

L1

23

C34

C33

R36

R37

R51

C38R50

C39

R55

R54

R59

R58

GND

GN D

IN3IN2 IN4 IN5 IN6 IN7 IN8 IN9 IN10 OUT8 OUT9 GND GNDOUT0 OUT1OUT2 OUT3 OUT4 OUT5 OUT6OUT7 NC

RESET BL2000 when changing mode:
Short out RESET pin on header J2 to ground,

Remove, then reapply power

after removing or attaching programming cable.

R22

C21

C32

AG ND

C78

R23

C14

R24

1432

R29

Q3

Q5

Battery

R48
D11 D12

C51

GN D

AGND

AGND

R3

C77

Y1

D

J12

C5

C7

+

R8

C9

U3

R14

R18

C12

C15

DS1

R21

Q1

R25

R26

G

R49

C52

GND

56

Q4

S

NO

COM

PWRLNKACTOUT 0OUT 1OUT 2OUT 3BAD

1

10

DS4DS3DS2

K1

DS5

BT1

DS6

+

+

Q6

GND

GND

Power

DS7

DS8

C37

C42

J11
J9

GND

GND RST- IN1 IN0 485- 485+ RXD2 TXD2 RXD1 TXD1 AGND DAC1 DAC0ADC8 ADC7 ADC6ADC5 ADC4 ADC3ADC2 ADC1 ADC0+RAW +K

J1

J2

GND GND

R1

J6

C23

D1

TVS1

+

D2

14

23

J7

POWER IN

GND

J8

J10

IN3IN2 IN4 IN5 IN6 IN7 IN8 IN9 IN10 OUT8 OUT9 GND GNDOUT0 OUT1OUT2 OUT3 OUT4 OUT5 OUT6OUT7 NC

OR

Figure 20. BL2000 Program Mode and Run Mode Set-Up

RESET

PIN

GND

R4
R6

R12

C10

R20

C20

C16

C17

C24

R151

C25

C28

L1

+

C33

R36

C38R50

R54

R58

Run Mode

GN D

GND GND

J5

R13

C1
R9

C80

R130

R16

R15

R19

R153

R154

C18

C19

Y3

U5

Y2

R27C22

U4

R28

C27

Q2

R30

C29

R32
R34
R35
R40

C31

R31

D3

R33

C34

C36

C35

R37

R39

R38

R41
D4

R51

R52

C39

C41R53

C40

R57

R55

R56

R60

R59

R61

C44

C43

GNDGNDGNDGND

GN D

GND

C85

J4
J3

AGND

AGND

AGND

C2

C3

C75

R5

C79

U2

C8

R7

C4

R157

R10

R11

C11

JP1

R17

U1

C13

JP2

C76

R152

65

90

40

15

U6

R45

R42

R43 R44

R46

D7 D8 D9

D5

D6

C47

C46

C49C48

C45

GND

GND

AGND

AG ND

AGND

R2

C78

R3

R23

C14

C77

R22
C21

R24

Y1

1432

R29

C26

D

Q3

Battery

Q5

C32

R48

R47

D11 D12

D10

C51

C50

GN D

J12

C5

C7

+

R8

C9

U3

R14

R18

C12

C15

DS1

R21

Q1

R25

R26

G

R49

C52

GND

56

Q4

S

NO

PWRLNKACTOUT 0OUT 1OUT 2OUT 3BAD

1

10

DS4DS3DS2

K1

DS5

BT1

DS6

+

DS7

+

DS8

Q6

C37

C42

GND

GND

J11

J9

COM

3.8.1 Detailed Instructions: Changing from Program Mode to Run Mode

1. Disconnect the programming cable from header J5 of the BL2000.

2. Reset the BL2000 by unplugging the AC adapter, then plugging it back in, or by
momentarily connecting the reset pin on screw terminal header J2 to ground.

The BL2000 is now ready to operate in the Run Mode.

3.8.2 Detailed Instructions: Changing from Run Mode to Program Mode

1. Attach the programming cable to header J5 of the BL2000.

2. Reset the BL2000 by unplugging the AC adapter, then plugging it back in, or by
momentarily connecting the reset pin on screw terminal header J2 to ground. Alterna­tively, you may press <Ctrl-Y> on your PC if Dynamic C is running.

The BL2000 is now ready to operate in the Program Mode.

30 Wildcat (BL2000)

3.9 Other Hardware

3.9.1 External Interrupts

BL2000 boards with a Rabbit 2000 microprocessor labeled IQ3T or higher have external
interrupts available on digital inputs IN2 and IN3. Older BL2000 boards (Rabbit 2000
microprocessors labeled IQ2T) have one external interrupt available—see T echnical Note
TN301, Rabbit 2000 Microprocessor Interrupt Problem, for further information on how
to use this interrupt on the older boards.

3.9.2 Clock Doubler

The BL2000 takes advantage of the Rabbit 2000 microprocessor’s internal clock doubler.
A built-in clock doubler allows half-frequency crystals to be used to reduce radiated emis­sions. The 22.1 MHz frequency is generated using an 11.0592 MHz crystal. The clock
doubler is disabled automatically in the BIOS for crystals with a frequency above

12.9 MHz.
The clock doubler may be disabled if 22.1 MHz clock speeds are not required. Disabling

the Rabbit 2000 microprocessor’s internal clock doubler will reduce power consumption
and further reduce radiated emissions. The clock doubler is disabled with a simple change
to the BIOS as described below.

1. Open the BIOS source code file, RABBITBIOS.C in the BIOS directory.

2. Change the line

#define CLOCK_DOUBLED 1 // set to 1 to double clock if
// Rabbit 2000: crystal <= 12.9024 MHz,
// Rabbit 3000: crystal <= 26.7264 MHz,
// or to 0 to always disable clock doubler

to read as follows.

#define CLOCK_DOUBLED 0

3. Save the change using File > Save.

3.9.3 Spectrum Spreader

BL2000 boards that carry the CE mark have a Rabbit 2000 microprocessor that features a
spectrum spreader, which helps to mitigate EMI problems. By default, the spectrum
spreader is on automatically for BL2000 boards that carry the CE mark when used with
Dynamic C 7.32 or later versions, but the spectrum spreader may also be turned off or set
to a stronger setting. The means for doing so is through a simple change to the following
BIOS line in a way that is similar to the clock doubler described above.

#define ENABLE_SPREADER 1 // Set to 0 to disable spectrum spreader
// 1 to enable normal spreading, or
// 2 to enable strong spreading.

NOTE: The strong spectrum-spreading setting is unnecessary for the BL2000.

There is no spectrum spreader functionality for BL2000 boards that do not carry the CE
mark or when using any BL2000 with a version of Dynamic C prior to 7.30.

User’s Manual 31

32 Wildcat (BL2000)

4. SOFTWARE

Dynamic C is an integrated development system for writing
embedded software. It runs on an IBM-compatible PC and is
designed for use with Z-World single-board computers and other
devices based on the Rabbit microprocessor.

Chapter 4 provides the libraries, function calls, and sample pro­grams related to the BL2000.

4.1 Running Dynamic C

You have a choice of doing your software development in the flash memory or in the static
RAM included on the BL2000. The advantage of working in RAM is to save wear on the
flash memory, which is limited to about 100,000 write cycles.

NOTE: An application can be developed in RAM, but cannot run standa lone from RAM

after the programming ca ble is disconn ected. S tandalone ap plications can on ly run from
flash memory.

The disadvantage of using flash memory for debug is that interrupts must be disabled for
approximately 5 ms whenever a break point is set in the program. This can crash fast inter­rupt routines that are running while you stop at a break point or single-step the program.
Flash memory or RAM is selected on the Options > Compiler menu.

Dynamic C provides a number of debugging features. You can single-step your program,
either in C, statement by statement, or in assembly language, instruction by instruction.
You can set break points, where the program will stop, on any statement. Y ou can evaluate
watch expressions. A watch expression is any C expression that can be evaluated in the
context of the program. If the program is at a break point, a watch expression
expression using local or external variables.

can view any

User’s Manual 33

4.1.1 Upgrading Dynamic C

4.1.1.1 Patches and Bug Fixes

Dynamic C patches that focus on bug fixes are available from time to time. C heck the Web
site

• www.zworld.com/support/

for the latest patches, workarounds, and bug fixes.
The default installation of a patch or bug fix is to install the file in a directory (folder) dif-

ferent from that of the original Dynamic C installation. Z-World recommends using a dif­ferent directory so that you can verify the operation of the patch without overwriting the
existing Dynamic C installation. If you have made any changes to the BIOS or to libraries,
or if you have programs in the old directory (folder), make these same changes to the
BIOS or libraries in the new directory containing the patch. Do not simply copy over an
entire file since you may overwrite a bug fix; of course, you may copy over any programs
you have written. Once you are sure the new patch works entirely to your satisfaction, you
may retire the existing installation, but keep it available to handle legacy applications.

4.1.1.2 Upgrades

Dynamic C installations are designed for use with the board they are included with, and
are included at no charge as part of our low-cost kits. Dynamic C is a complete software
development system, but does not include all the Dynamic C features. Z-W orld also offers
add-on Dynamic C modules containing the popular µC/OS-II real-time operating system,
as well as PPP, Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), and other select libraries. In addi­tion to the Web-based technical support included at no extra charge, a one-year telephone­based technical support module is also available for purchase.

34 Wildcat (BL2000)

4.2 Sample Programs

Sample programs are provided in the Dynamic C SAMPLES folder. The sample program

PONG.C demonstrates the output to the STDIO window. The various directories in the
SAMPLES folder contain specific sample programs that illustrate the use of the correspond-

ing Dynamic C libraries.

SAMPLES\BL2000 folder provides sample programs specific to the BL2000. Each

The
sample program has comments that describe the purpose and function of the program. Fol­low the instructions at the beginning of the sample program.

T o r un a s ample progra m, op en it with the File menu (if it is not st ill o pen) , comp ile it using
the Compile menu, and then run it by selecting Run in the Run menu. The BL2000 must
be in Program mode (see Section 3.8, “Programming Cab le,”) an d must be connected to a
PC using the programming cable as described in Section 2.1, “BL2000 Connections.”

More complete information on Dynamic C is provided in the Dynamic C User’s Manual.

4.2.1 General BL2000 Sample Programs

• BOARD_ID.C—This program is used to identify the model of BL2000 being used, and
displays that information in the STDIO window.

• COUNTLEDS.C—This program will count from 0 to 31 in binary, using the four gen­eral-purpose LEDs, DS4–DS7, and the Processor Bad LED, DS8. The LEDs are used
in reverse logical order to min imize the cyc ling of the rel ay, which is slaved to the same
output as DS4.

• LEDS_4.C—This program creates four “devices” (lights), and four buttons to toggle
them. Users can view the devices with their Web browser, and change the status of the
lights. If the Demonstration Board is connected to the BL2000, the lights on the Dem­onstration Board will match the ones on the Web page. See Appendix D for hookup
instructions for the Demonstration Board.

4.2.2 Digital I/O

The following sample programs are found in the IO subdirectory in SAMPLES/BL2000.

• ANADIGIN.C—Demonstrates using the A/D converter channels as digital inputs. You
will be able to see an input channel toggle HIGH and LOW when pressing the pushbut­tons on the Demonstration Board. See Appendix D for hookup instructions for the
Demonstration Board.

• DIGIN.C—Demonstrates the use of the digital inputs. Using the Demonstration Board,
you can see an input channel toggle from HIGH to LOW when pressing a pushbutton
on the Demonstration Board. See Appendix D for hookup instructions for the Demon­stration Board.

• DIGOUT.C—Demonstrates the use of the high-current outputs. Using the Demonstra­tion Board, you can see an LED toggle on/off via a high-current output. See Appendix
D for hookup instructions for the Demonstration Board.

• LED.C—Demonstrates how to toggle the output LEDs on the BL2000 on/off.

User’s Manual 35

• PWM.C—Demonstrates the use of Timer B to generate a PWM signal on digital output
OUT8. The program generates a 42 Hz PWM signal with the duty cycle adjustable
from 1 to 99%.

RELAY.C—Demonstrates how to control the relay on the BL2000.

•

4.2.3 Serial Co mmunication

The following sample programs are found in the RS232 subdirectory in SAMPLES/BL2000.

• PUTS.C—Transmits and then receives an ASCII string on Serial Ports B and C. It also
displays the serial data received from both ports in the STDIO window.

• RELAYCHR.C—This program echoes characters over Serial Port B to Serial Port C. It
must be run with a serial utility such as Hyperterminal.

The following sample programs are found in the RS485 subdirectory in SAMPLES/BL2000.

• MASTER.C—This program demonstrates a simple RS-485 transmission of lower case
letters to a slave BL2000. The slave will send back converted upper case letters back to
the master BL2000 and display them in the STDIO window. Use SLAVE.C to program
the slave BL2000.

• SLAVE.C—This program demonstrates a simple RS-485 transmission of lower case
letters to a slave BL2000. The slave will send back converted upper case letters back to
the master BL2000 and display them in the STDIO window . Use MASTER.C to program
the master BL2000.

4.2.4 A/D Converter Inputs

The following sample programs are found in the ADC subdirectory in SAMPLES/BL2000.

• AD_CALIB.C—Demonstrates how to recalibrate an A/D converter channel using two
known voltages to generate two coefficients, gain and offset, which are rewritten into
the user block data area. The voltage that is being monitored is displayed continuously.
Note that this sample program will overwri te the c alibra tion cons tant s se t at t he fa c tory.

• AD1.C—Demonstrates how to access the A/D internal test voltages in both the
TLC2543 and TLC1543 A/D converter chips. The program reads the A/D internal volt­ages and then uses the STDIO window to display the RAW data.

• AD2.C—Demonstrates how to access the A/D channels using the anaInVolt function .
The program uses the STDIO window to display the voltage that is being monitored.

• AD3.C—Demonstrates how to access the A/D converter channels with the low-level
A/D driver. The program uses the STDIO window to display the voltage that is being
monitored on all the A/D channels using the low-level A/D driver.

• AD4.C—Demonstrates how to use the A/D converter channels with the low-level A/D
driver. The program uses the STDIO window to display the voltage (average of 10 sam­ples) that is being monitored on all the A/D converter channels using the low-level A/D
driver.

36 Wildcat (BL2000)

4.2.5 D/A Converter Outputs

The following sample programs are found in the DAC subdirectory in SAMPLES/BL2000.

DACAL.C—This program demonstrates how to recalibrate an D/A converter channel

•

using two known voltages, and defines the two coefficients, gain and offset, that will be
rewritten into the D/A converter's EEPROM simulated in flash memory. Note that this
sample program will overwrite the calibration constants set at the factory.

• DAOUT1.C—This program outputs a voltage that can be read with a voltmeter. The out­put voltage is computed using the calibration constants that are read from the EEPROM
simulated in flash memory.

• DAOUT2.C—This program demonstrates the use of both the D/A and the A/D convert­ers. The user selects both the D/A converter and A/D channel to be used, then sets the
D/A converter output voltage to be read by the A/D channel. All activity will be dis­played in the STDIO window.

4.2.6 TCP/IP Sample Programs

TCP/IP sample programs are described in Chapter 5.

User’s Manual 37

4.3 BL2000 Libraries

Two library directories are used to develop applications for the BL2000.

•

BL2000-—libraries associated with features specific to the BL2000.

• TCPIP—libraries specific to using TCP/IP functions on the BL2000.

Other generic functions applicable to all devices based on the Rabbit 2000 microprocessor
are described in the Dynamic C Function Reference Manual.

38 Wildcat (BL2000)

4.4 BL2000 Function APIs

4.4.1 Board Initialization

void brdInit (void);

Call this function at the beginning of your program. This function initializes the system I/O ports and
loads all the A/D and DAC calibration constants from flash memory into SRAM for use by your pro­gram.

The ports are initialized as follows:

Port I/O Function

PA0 Output OUT0/RELAY/LED_DS4

PA1 Output OUT1/LED_DS5

PA2 Output OUT2/LED_DS6

PA3 Output OUT3/LED_DS7

PA4 Output OUT4

PA5 Output OUT5

PA6 Output OUT6

PA7 Output OUT7

PB0 Input IN6 N/A

Output Function

State

High-Current Driver

Off

High-Current Driver

Off

High-Current Driver

Off

High-Current Driver

Off

High-Current Driver

Off

High-Current Driver

Off

High-Current Driver

Off

High-Current Driver

Off

PB1 Input CLKA N/A
PB2 Input IN7 N/A
PB3 Input IN8 N/A
PB4 Input IN9 N/A
PB5 Input IN10 N/A
PB6 Output RS485_EN Off
PB7 Output UPGOOD Bad Indicator Off
PC0 Output TXD RS-485 Inactive high
PC1 Input RXD RS-485 N/A

User’s Manual 39

Port I/O Function

Output Function

State

PC2 Output RTS/TXC RS-232 Inactive high
PC3 Input CTS/RXC RS-232 N/A
PC4 Output TXB RS-232 Inactive high
PC5 Input RXB RS-232 N/A
PC6 Output TXA Programmi ng Po rt Inactive high

PC7 Input RXA Programming Port N/A
PD0 Output DAC-ADC_SK On
PD1 Output DAC-ADC_SDI On
PD2 Input RTL-ADC_SDO N/A

PD3 Input RTL_SK

N/A
PD4 Output RTL_SDI On
PD5 Output DAC0_CS Inactive high
PD6 Output DAC1_CS Inactive high
PD7 Output ADC_CS Inactive high

PE0 Output OUT8

PE1 Output OUT9

High-Current Driver

Off

High-Current Driver

Off
PE2 Input IN0 N/A
PE3 Input IN1 N/A
PE4 Input IN2 N/A
PE5 Input IN3 N/A
PE6 Input IN4 N/A
PE7 Input IN5 N/A

* PD3 is an output (and is on) for the BL2020 and the BL2030.

*

SEE ALSO

digOut, digIn, serMode

40 Wildcat (BL2000)

4.4.2 Digital I/O

int digIn(int channel);

Reads the state of an input channel:

IN0–IN10—standard digital inputs, ± 36 V DC
IN11–IN14—pseudo digital inputs using A/D converter inputs ADC0–ADC3, ± 10 V DC
IN15–IN19—pseudo digital inputs using A/D converter inputs ADC4–ADC8, 0 V to 48 V DC
IN20–IN21—pseudo digital inputs using A/D converter inputs DAC0–DAC1, 0 V to 48 V DC

(BL2010 and BL2030)

The threshold is fixed at 2.40 V for channels IN0–IN10. Anything below 2.40 V is a logic 0, and any­thing higher than or equal to 2.40 V is a logic 1.

The default threshold for channels IN11–IN21 is also set to 2.40 V. The threshold for these channels may
be changed by adding the following two lines to your program.

#undef THRESHOLD
#define THRESHOLD xx.xx

where xx.xx is the desired threshold voltage. Anything below the threshold value is a logic 0, and any­thing higher than or equal to the threshold value is a logic 1.

PARAMETER

channel is the input channel number (0–21)

RETURN VALUE

The state of the input (0 or 1).

SEE ALSO

brdInit, digOut

void digOut(int channel, int value);

Sets the state of a digital output (OUT0–OUT9).
The default setting for the function is for current-sinking outputs. To change from sinking to sourcing

outputs, add the following two lines at the beginning of your program.

#undef OUTPUT_DRIVE
#define OUTPUT_DRIVE SOURCING

The relay is driven by PA0, which is the same Rabbit 2000 parallel port th at drives OU T0 and LED D S4.
OUT0 therefore works in parallel with the relay output. Z-World therefore recommends that you do not
use OUT0 for a digital output when you are using the relay.

PARAMETERS

channel is the output channel number (0–9).
value is the output value (0 or 1).

SEE ALSO

brdInit, digIn

User’s Manual 41

4.4.3 Serial Co mmunication

Library files included with Dynamic C provide a full range of serial communications sup­port. The RS232.LIB library provides a set of circular-buffer-based serial functions. The

PACKET.LIB library provides packet-based serial functions where packets can be delim-

ited by the 9th bit, by transmission gaps, or with user-defined special characters. Both
libraries provide blocking functions, which do not return until they are finished transmit­ting or receiving, and nonblocking functions, which must be called repeatedly until they
are finished. For more information, see the Dynamic C Function Reference Manual and
Technical Note 213, Rabbit 2000 Serial Port Software.

The following function calls are specific to the BL2000.

int serMode(int mode);

User interface to set up BL2000 serial communication lines. Call this function after serXOpen().
If Mode 1 is selected, CTS/RTS flow control is exercised using the

serCflowcontrolOff functions from the RS232.LIB library.

PARAMETER

mode is the defined serial port configuration.

Serial Port

Mode

B C D

0 RS-232, 3-wire RS-232, 3-wire RS-485
1 RS-232, 5-wire CTS/RTS RS-485

RETURN VALUE

0 if valid mode, 1 if not.

SEE ALSO

ser485Tx, ser485Rx

void ser485Tx(void);

Sets (high) pin 3 (DE) to enable Tx.

serCflowcontrolOn and

SEE ALSO

serMode, ser485Rx

void ser485Rx(void);

Resets (low) pin 3 (DE) to disable Tx.

SEE ALSO

serMode, ser485Tx,

42 Wildcat (BL2000)

serCflowcontrolOn, serCflowcontrolOff

4.4.4 Relay and LED Outputs

void relayOut(int relay, int value);

Sets the state of a relay.
The relay is driven by PA0, which is the same Rabbit 2000 parallel port th at drives OU T0 and LED D S4.

OUT0 therefore works in parallel with the relay output. Z-World therefore recommends that you do not
use OUT0 for a digital output when you are using the relay.

PARAMETERS

relay is the relay to control, 0 = Relay 0.
value is the value used to connect the relay common contact to one of the following contacts:

0 = relay common connected to relay normally closed contact
1 = relay common connected to relay normally open contact

SEE ALSO

brdInit

void ledOut(int led, int value);

LED ON/OFF control.
The relay is driven by PA0, which is the same Rabbit 2000 parallel port that drives OUT0 and LED0.

OUT0 therefore works in parallel with the relay output. Z-World therefore recommends that you do not
use OUT0 for a digital output when y ou are u sing the relay. The relay and OUT0 are also turned on when
LED0 is turned on.

PARAMETERS

led is the LED to control:

0 = OUT0 LED
1 = OUT1 LED
2 = OUT2 LED
3 = OUT3 LED
4 = BAD indicator

value is the value used to control the LED:

0 = OFF
1 = ON

SEE ALSO

brdInit

User’s Manual 43

4.4.5 A/D Converter Inputs

void anaInCalib(int channel, int value1,

float volts1, int value2, float volts2);

Calibrates the response of the A/D converter channel as a linear function using the two conversi on poi nts
provided. Gain and offset constants are calculated and placed into global table

PARAMETERS

channel is the A/D converter input channel (0–10).
value1 is the first A/D converter channel value.
volts1 is the voltage corresponding to the first A/D converter channel value.
value2 is the second A/D converter channel value.
volts2 is the voltage corresponding to the second A/D converter channel value.

RETURN VALUE

0 if successful.

-1 if not able to make calibration constants.

SEE ALSO

anaIn, anaInVolts, brdInit

_adcInCalib.

int _anaIn(unsigned char cmd, char len);

Reads the voltage of an analog input channel by serially clocking out an 8-bit command to the A/D con­verter device of the following formats:

TLC2543 commands

D7–D4

Channel 0 - 10
Channel 11 = (V

Channel 12 = V
Channel 13 = V
Channel 14 = software powerdown

D3-D2

Output data length:
01—8 bits
00—12 bits (normally used as default)
11—16 bits (not supported by driver)

D1

Output data format
0—MSB first
1—LSB first (not supported by driver)

D0

Mode of operation
0—Unipolar (normally used as default)
1—Bipolar

ref+
ref­ref+

- V

ref-

)/2

44 Wildcat (BL2000)

TLC1543 commands (the TLC1543 is a 10-bit A/D converter)

D7–D4

Channel 0 - 10
Channel 11 = (Vref+ - Vref-)/2
Channel 12 = Vref­Channel 13 = Vref+
(No software power-down mode available)

D3–D0

No specific values assigned.

PARAMETERS

cmd is the A/D converter input channel (0–10) to read.
len is the output data length:

0 = 12-bit mode (BL2000/BL2020 only)
1 = 8-bit mode (BL2000/BL2020 only)
2 = 10-bit mode (BL2010/BL2030 only)

RETURN VALUE

A value corresponding to the voltage on the A/D converter input channel, which will be:

0–4095 for 12-bit A/D conversio ns
0–1023 for 10-bit A/D conversio ns
0–255 for 8-bit A/D conversions

SEE ALSO

anaIn, anaInVolts, brdInit, samples/bl2000/adc/AD3.C

int anaIn(unsigned int channel);

Reads the state of an A/D converter input channel.

PARAMETER

channel is the A/D converter input channel (0–10) to read.

RETURN VALUE

A value corresponding to the voltage on the analog input channel, which will be:

0–4095 for 12-bit A/D conversio ns (BL200 0,B L202 0)
0–1023 for 10-bit A/D conversio ns (BL201 0,B L203 0).

SEE ALSO

anaInVolts, anaInCalib, _anaIn, brdInit

User’s Manual 45

float anaInVolts(unsigned int channel);

Reads the state of an A/D converter input channel and uses the previously set calibration constants to
convert it to volts.

PARAMETER

channel is the A/D converter input channel (0–10).

RETURN VALUE

A voltage value corresponding to the voltage on the analog input channel.

SEE ALSO

anaIn, anaInCalib, brdInit

int anaInEERd(unsigned int channel);

Reads the calibration constants, gain, and offset from the simulated EEPROM in flash memory (located
in reserved user block memory area 0x1C00–0x1FFF).

PARAMETER

channel is the A/D converter input channel (0–10).

RETURN VALUE

0 if successful.

-1 if address or range is invalid.

SEE ALSO

anaInEEWr, brdInit

int anaInEEWr(unsigned int channel);

Writes the calibration constants, gain, and offset to the simulated EEPROM in flash memory (located in
reserved user block memory area 0x1C00–0x1FFF).

PARAMETER

channel is the A/D converter input channel (0–10).

RETURN VALUE

0 if successful.

-1 if address or range is invalid.

SEE ALSO

anaInEERd, brdInit

The address range of the user block memory area where the calibration constants are
stored may be determined using

readUserBlock( _adcCalib, ADC_CALIB_ADDR, sizeof( _adcCalib ) );

where _adcCalib and ADC_CALIB_ADDR are macros defined in the BL20XX.LIB
library.

46 Wildcat (BL2000)

4.4.6 D/A Converter Outputs

The functions in this section apply only to the BL2000 and the BL2020 models.

int anaOutCalib(int channel, int value1,

float volts1, int value2, float volts2);

Calibrates the response of the D/A converter channel desired as a linear function using the two conver­sion points provided. Gain and offset constants are calculated and placed into global table _dacCalib.

PARAMETERS

channel is the D/A converter output channel (0 or 1).
value1 is the first D/A converter value.
volts1 is the voltage corresponding to the first D/A converter value.
value2 is the second D/A converter value.
volts2 is the voltage corresponding to the second D/A converter value.

RETURN VALUE

0 if sucessful .

-1 if not able to make calibration constants.

SEE ALSO

anaOut, anaOutVolts, brdInit

User’s Manual 47

void anaOut(unsigned int channel, unsigned int

modecount);

Sets the voltage of a D/A converter output channel by serially clocking in 16 bits to a D/A converter
using the following format:

D15–D14

Doesn’t matter.

D13–D12

Mode of operation
00—Normal Operation
01—Software Powerdown, 1 kΩ to GND
10—Software Powerdown, 100 kΩ to GND
11—Software Powerdown, three-state

D11–D0

Data bits, MSB–LSB (0–4095)

PARAMETERS

channel is the D/A converter output channel to write (0 or 1).
modecount is a value corresponding to the voltage on the D/A converter output and/or setting the

mode of operation

:

Operation

Mode

0 Normal Mode 0–4095
1 Software Powerdown, 1 kΩ to GND 0x1000
2 Softw are Powerdow n, 100 kΩ to GND 0x2000
3 Software Powerdown, three-state 0x3000

RETURN VALUE

None

SEE ALSO

anaOutVolts, anaOutCalib, brdInit

Description modecount Value

48 Wildcat (BL2000)

void anaOutVolts(unsigned int channel,

float voltage);

Sets the voltage of a D/A converter output channel by using the previously set calibration constants to
calculate the correct data values.

PARAMETERS

channel is the D/A converter output channel (0 or 1).
voltage is the voltage desired on the output channel.

SEE ALSO

anaOut, anaOutCalib, brdInit

int anaOutEERd(unsigned int channel);

Reads the calibration constants, gain, and offset from the simulated EEPROM in flash memory (located
in reserved user block memory area 0x1C00–0x1FFF).

PARAMETER

channel is the D/A converter output channel (0 or 1).

RETURN VALUE

0 if successful.

-1 if address or range is invalid.

SEE ALSO

anaOutEEWr, brdInit

int anaOutEEWr(unsigned int channel);

Writes the calibration constants, gain, and offset to the simulated EEPROM in flash memory (located in
reserved user block memory area 0x1C00–0x1FFF).

PARAMETER

channel is the D/A converter output channel (0 or 1).

RETURN VALUE

0 if successful.

-1 if address or range is invalid.

SEE ALSO

anaOutEERd, brdInit

The address range of the user block memory area where the calibration constants are
stored may be determined using

readUserBlock( _dacCalib, DAC_CALIB_ADDR, sizeof( _dacCalib ) );

where _dacCalib and DAC_CALIB_ADDR are macros defined in the BL20XX.LIB
library.

User’s Manual 49

50 Wildcat (BL2000)

5. USING THE TCP/IP FEATURES

Chapter 5 provides an introduction to using th e TCP/IP features
on your BL2000 board.

5.1 TCP/IP Connections

Before proceeding you will need to have the following items.

• If you don’t have Ethernet access, you will need at least a 10Base-T Ethernet card
(available from your favorite computer supplier) installed in a PC.

• Two RJ-45 straight through Ethernet cables and a hub, or an RJ-45 crossover Ethernet
cable.

The Ethernet cables and Ethernet hub are available from Z-World in a TCP/IP tool kit.
More information is available at www.zworld.com.

1. Connect the AC adapter and the programming cable as shown in Chapter 2, “Getting
Started.”

2. Ethernet Connections

If you do not have access to an Ethernet network, use a crossover Ethernet cable to con­nect the BL2000 to a PC that at least has a 10Base-T Ethernet card.

If you have Ethernet access, use a straight through Ethernet cable to establish an Ethernet
connection to the BL2000 from an Ethernet hub. These connections are shown in Figure 21.

BL2000

User’s PC

Ethernet
crossover
cable

Direct Connection

(Network of 2 computers)

Figure 21. Ethernet Connections

Board

Ethernet
cables

Hub

Direct Connection Using a Hub

BL2000

Board

To additional
network
elements

User’s Manual 51

The PC running Dynamic C through the serial programming port on the BL2000 does not
need to be the PC with the Ethernet card.

3. Apply Power
Plug in the AC adapter. The BL2000 is now ready to be used.

NOTE: A hardware RESET is accomplished by unplugging the AC adapter, then plug-

ging it back in, or by momentarily grounding the boar d re set input at pin 9 on screw ter­minal header J2.

When working with the BL2000, the green LNK light is on when a program is running and
the board is properly connected either to an Ethernet hub or to an active Ethernet card. The
orange ACT light flashes each time a packet is received.

52 Wildcat (BL2000)

5.2 TCP/IP Sample Programs

W e have provided a number of sample programs demonstrating various uses of TCP/IP for
networking embedded systems. These programs require that you connect your PC and the
BL2000 together on the same network. This network can be a local private network (pre­ferred for initial experimentation and debugging), or a connection via the Internet.

5.2.1 How to Set IP Addresses in the Sample Programs

With the introduction of Dynamic C 7.30 we have taken steps to make it easier to run
many of our sample programs. Instead of the MY_IP_ADDRESS and other macros, you will
see a TCPCONFIG macro. This macro tells Dynamic C to select your configuration from a
list of default configurations. You will have three choices when you encounter a sample
program with the TCPCONFIG macro.

1. You can replace the TCPCONFIG macro with individual MY_IP_ADDRESS,

MY_NETMASK, MY_GATEWAY, and MY_NAMESERVER macros in each program.

2. Y ou can leave TCPCONFIG at the usual default of 1, which will set the IP configurations
to 10.10.6.100, the netmask to 255.255.255.0, and the nameserver and gateway
to 10.10.6.1. If you would like to change the default values, for example, to use an IP
address of 10.1.1.2 for the BL2000 board, and 10.1.1.1 for your PC, you can edit
the values in the section that directly follows the “General Configuration” comment in
the TCP_CONFIG.LIB library. You will find this library in the LIB\TCPIP directory.

3. You can create a CUSTOM_CONFIG.LIB library and use a TCPCONFIG value greater
than 100. Instructions for doing this are at the beginning of the TCP_CONFIG.LIB file.

There are some other “standard” configurations for TCPCONFIG that let you select differ­ent features such as DHCP. Their values are documented at the top of the

TCP_CONFIG.LIB library. More information is available in the Dynamic C TCP/IP

User’s Manual.

IP Addresses Before Dynamic C 7.30

Most of the sample programs such as shown in the example below use macros to define the
IP address assigned to the board and the IP address of the gateway, if the re is a ga te way.

#define MY_IP_ADDRESS "10.10.6.170"
#define MY_NETMASK "255.255.255.0"
#define MY_GATEWAY "10.10.6.1"
#define MY_NAMESERVER "10.10.6.1"

In order to do a direct connection, the following IP addresses can be used for the BL2000:

#define MY_IP_ADDRESS "10.1.1.2"
#define MY_NETMASK "255.255.255.0"
// #define MY_GATEWAY "10.10.6.1"
// #define MY_NAMESERVER "10.10.6.1"

In this case, the gateway and nameserver are not used, and are commented out. The IP
address of the board is defined to be 10.1.1.2. The IP address of you PC can be defined
as 10.1.1.1.

User’s Manual 53

5.2.2 How to Set Up your Computer’s IP Address for a Direct Connection

When your computer is connected directly to the BL2000 via an Ethernet connection, you
need to assign an IP address to your computer. To assign the PC the address

10.10.6.101 with the netmask 255.255.255.0, do the following.

Click on

Start > Settings > Control Panel to bring up the Control Panel, and then dou-

ble-click the Network icon. Depending on which version of Windows you are using, look
for the TCP/IP Protocol/Network > Dial -Up Connections/Network line or tab. Double-
click on this line or select Properties or Local Area Connection > Properties to bring
up the TCP/IP properties dialog box. You can edit the IP address and the subnet mask
directly. (Disable “obtain an IP address automatically.”) You may want to write down the
existing values in case you have to restore them later. It is not necessary to edit the gate­way address since the gateway is not used with direct connect.

BL2000

IP 10.10.6.101

Board

Netmask

255.255.255.0
User’s PC

Ethernet
crossover
cable

Direct Connection PC to BL2000 Board

54 Wildcat (BL2000)

5.3 Run the PINGME.C Sample Program

Connect the crossover cable from your computer’s Ethernet port to the BL2000’s RJ-45
Ethernet connector. Open this sample program from the SAMPLES\TCPIP\ICMP folder,
compile the program, and start it running under Dynamic C. When the program starts run­ning, the green LNK light on the BL2000 should be on to indicate an Ethernet connection
is made. (Note: If the LNK light does not light, you may not have a crossover cable, or if
you are using a hub perhaps the power is off on the hub.)

The next step is to ping the board from your PC. This can be done by bringing up the MS­DOS window and running the pingme program:

ping 10.10.6.100

or by Start > Run
and typing the entry

ping 10.10.6.100

Notice that the orange ACT light flashes on the BL2000 while the ping is taking place, and
indicates the transfer of data. The ping routine will ping the board four times and write a
summary message on the screen describing the operation.

User’s Manual 55

5.4 Running More Sample Programs With a Direct Connection

The program SSI.C (SAMPLES\BL2000\TCPIP\) demonstrates how to make the
BL2000 a Web server. This program allows you to turn the LEDs on an attached Demon­stration Board from the Tool Kit on and off from a remote Web browser. LEDs DS4–DS8
on the BL2000 will match those on the Web page. As long as you have not modified the

TCPCONFIG 1 macro in the sample program, enter the following server address in your

Web browser to bring up the Web page served by the sample program.

http://10.10.6.100

Otherwise use the TCP/IP settings you entered in the TCP_CONFIG.LIB library.
The sample program

SMTP.C (SAMPLES\BL2000\TCPIP\) allows you to send an E-mail

when a switch on the Demonstration Board is pressed. Follow the instructions included
with the sample program.

The sample program TELNET.C (SAMPLES\BL2000\TCPIP\) allows you to communi­cate with the BL2000 using the Telnet protocol. This program takes anything that comes
in on a port and sends it out Serial Port B. It uses digital input IN0 to indicate that the
TCP/IP connection should be closed, and it uses high-current output OUT0 to indicate that
there is an open connection. You may change the digital input and output to suit your
application needs.

Run the Telnet program on your PC (Start > Run telnet 10.10.6.100). As long as
you have not modified the TCPCONFIG 1 macro in the sample program, the IP address is

10.10.6.100 as shown; otherwise use the TCP/IP settings you entered in the

TCP_CONFIG.LIB library . Each character you type will be printed in Dynamic C's STDIO

window, indicating that the board is receiving the characters typed via TCP/IP.

5.5 Where Do I Go From Here?

NOTE: If you purchased your BL2000 through a distributor or Z-World partner, contact

the distributor or Z-World partner first for technical support.

If there are any problems at this point:

• Check the Z-W orld Technical Bulletin Board at www.zworld.com/support/bb/.

• Use the T echn ical Support e-mail form at www.zworld.com/support/support_submit.htm l.

If the sample programs ran fine, you are now ready to go on.
Additional sample programs are described in the Dynamic C TCP/IP User’s Manual.
Refer to the Dynamic C TCP/IP User’s Manual to develop your own applications. An

Introduction to TCP/IP provides background information on TCP/IP, and is available on
Z-World’s Web site.

56 Wildcat (BL2000)

APPENDIX A. SPECIFICATIONS

Appendix A provides the specifications for the BL2000 and
describes the conformal coating.

User’s Manual 57

A.1 Electrical and Mechanical Specifications

Figure A-1 shows the mechanical dimensions for the BL2000.

Jacks extend

0.16" (4.0 mm)
past edge of
board

GND RST- IN1 IN0 485- 485+ RXD2 TXD2 RXD1 TXD1 AGND DAC1 DAC0 ADC8 ADC7 ADC6 ADC5 ADC4 ADC3 ADC2 ADC1 ADC0+RAW +K

J1

TVS1

J2

J6

C23

D1

GND GND

R1

GND

C20

C25

C28

R4
R6

C17

R20

C24

C10

R151

GN D

GND GND

J5

R13

R12

C80

R130

R16

R15

R19

C16

C19

Y3

Y2

U4

Q2

R30

C29

+

D2

14

23

J7

POWER IN

GND

J8

J10

IN3IN2 IN4 IN5 IN6 IN7 IN8 IN9 IN10 OUT8 OUT9 GND GNDOUT0 OUT1 OUT2 OUT3 OUT4 OUT5 OUT6 OUT7 NC

+

C31

L1

R31

R33

C34

C33

C35

R36

R37

R38

R51

R52

C38R50

C39

C40

R55

R54

R56

R60

R59

R58

GN D

C85

J4
J3

AGND

AGND

C2

R154

C3

C8

U1

C18

C1
R9

R153

U5

R27C22

90

R28

C27

AGND

C75

R5

R2

C79

U2

R7

C4

R157

R10

R11

C11

JP1

R17

C13

JP2

C76

R152

R22

65

15

C21

40

C26

U6

R32
R34
R35
R40

D3

C36

R39

R41

R43 R44

R42

D4

C41R53

R57

R61

C44

C43

GNDGNDGNDGND

GND

2.85

(105)

D5

C45

(72)

4.15

D6

C46

D7 D8 D9

C47

GND

C32

R47

R45

R46

D10

C50

C49C48

GND

AG ND

C78

R23

C14

R24

Y1

1432

R29

Q3

Battery

Q5

R48
D11 D12

C51

GN D

AGND

AGND

R3

C5

R8

U3

R18

C15

C77

Q1

56

R25

R26

Q4

S

D

G

R49

J12

C7

+

C9

R14

C12

DS1

R21

K1

BT1

Q6

PWRLNKACTOUT 0OUT 1OUT 2OUT 3BAD

1

DS3DS2

10

DS4

DS5

DS6

+

DS7

+

DS8

2.13

C37

(54)

(87)

3.43

C42

C52

GND

GND

GND

J11

COM

0.65

(16.5)

J9

NO

0.65

(16.5)

0.82

(21)

4.15

(105)

Figure A-1. BL2000 Dimensions

NOTE: All measurements are in inches followed by millimeters enclosed in parentheses.

58 Wildcat (BL2000)

Table A-1 lists the electrical, mechanical, and environmental specifications for the BL2000.

Table A-1. BL2000 Specificat ions

Feature BL2000 BL2010 BL2020 BL2030

Microprocessor

Rabbit 2000

®

at 22.1 MHz

Ethernet Port 10Base-T, LNK and ACT LEDs None
Flash Memory 256K (standard)
SRAM 128K (standard)

Panasonic CR2330 or equivalent 3 V lithium coin type, 265 mA·h

Backup Battery

standard using onboard battery holder; optional 3 V, 950 mA·h
solder-in battery available; external battery connector

Digital Inputs

Digital Outputs

Analog Inputs

Analog Outputs

Dual-Purpose Analog or Digital
Inputs

200 mA maximum per channel (2 channels can sink up to 750 mA each)

Four 12-bit res.,

± 10 V DC, 1 MΩ,

up to 4,000

samples/s

Two 12-bit res.,

0–4 V DC,

update rate 12 kHz

Five at 12

12-bit res.,

0–48 V DC

11 inputs hardware-configurable pull-up or pull-down,

± 36 V DC, switchin g threshold 2.4 V typical

10 outputs sinking or sourcing, +40 V DC,

Four 10-bit res.,

± 10 V DC, 1 MΩ,

kΩ,

Seven at 12 kΩ,

up to 4,000

samples/s

None

10-bit res.,

0–48 V DC

Four 12-bit res.,

± 10 V DC, 1 MΩ,

up to 4,000

samples/s

Two 12-bit res.,

0–4 V DC,

update rate 12 kHz

Five at 12 kΩ,

12-bit res.,

0–48 V DC

Four 10-bit res. ,

± 10 V DC, 1 MΩ,

up to 4,000

samples/s

None

Seven at 12 kΩ,

10-bit res.,

0–48 V DC

SPDT with snubbers

Relay Output

*

: 1 A @ 30 V DC, 300 mA @ 120 V AC

(uses one digital output)

max. contact settling time 4 ms

4 serial ports:

• two RS-232 or one RS-232 (with CTS/RTS)

Serial P orts

• one RS-485, onboard network termination and bias resistors

• one 5 V CMOS-compatible programming port

Serial Rate

one RJ-45 (Ethernet)
one 2 × 5, 2 mm pitch (serial programming port)

Connectors

one power jack for AC adapter
four 12-terminal s crew connector s (14 AWG/1.5 mm

and digital I/O, relay

Real-Time Clock Yes

User’s Manual 59

Max. burst rate = CLK/32

Max. sustained rate = CLK/64

2

wire) for analog

Table A-1. BL2000 Specifications (continued)

Feature BL2000 BL2010 BL2020 BL2030

Timers

Five 8-bit timers (four are cascadable from the first) and

one 10-bit timer with two match registers
W atchdog/Supervisor Yes
Power 9–40 V DC or 24 V AC (±10%), 1.5 W max.
Operating Temperature –40°C to +70°C
Humidity 5–95%, noncondensing

Board Size

3.43" × 4.15" × 0.82"

(87 mm × 105 mm × 21 mm)

* When using the BL2000 in a CE-certified application, th e voltages handled by the relay must

not exceed SELV levels (42.4 V AC peak, or 60 V DC).

60 Wildcat (BL2000)

A.1.1 Headers

The BL2000 has an option for 0.1" IDC headers or friction-lock connectors at J1, J3, J10,
and J11 for physical connection to other boards or ribbon cables.

Figure A-2 shows the BL2000 footprint. These values are relative to one of the mounting
holes.

3.380

(85.9)

3.189

(81.0)

1.239

(31.5)

0.760

(19.3)

0.361

(9.2)

J1

J6

J7

J10

J5

J3

J11

1.589

(40.4)

2.839

(72.1)

Figure A-2. User Board Footprint for BL2000

J12

(53.7)

2.113

(12.4)

0.487

(57.9)

2.280

(66.0)

2.598

(67.1)

2.641

User’s Manual 61

A.2 Conformal Coating

The areas around the crystal oscillator and the battery backup circuit on the BL2000 have
had the Dow Corning silicone-based 1-2620 conformal coating applied. The conformally
coated areas are shown in Figure A-3. The conformal coating protects these high-imped­ance circuits from the effects of moisture and contaminants over time.

GND RST- IN1 IN0 485- 485+ RXD2 TXD2 RXD1 TXD1 AGND DAC1 DAC0 ADC8 ADC7 ADC6 ADC5 ADC4 ADC3 ADC2 ADC1 ADC0+RAW +K

J1

TVS1

J2

J6

C23

D1

GND GND

R1

GND

C20

C25

C28

R4
R6

C17

C10

R20

C24

R12

C16

R151

GN D

GND GND

J5

R13

C80

R130

R16

R15

R19

C19

Y3

Y2

U4

Q2

R30

C29

+

D2

14

23

J7

POWER IN

GND

J8

J10

IN3IN2 IN4 IN5 IN6 IN7 IN8 IN9 IN10 OUT8 OUT9 GND GNDOUT0 OUT1 OUT2 OUT3 OUT4 OUT5 OUT6 OUT7 NC

+

C31

L1

R31

R33

C34

C33

C35

R36

R37

R38

R51

R52

C38R50

C39

C40

R55

R54

R56

R60

R59

R58

GN D

C85

J4
J3

AGND

AGND

C2

C3

C75

C18

U2

C8

R157

R10

R11

JP1

U1

90

C13

JP2

65

15

C1
R9

R153

R154

U5

R27C22

R28

C27

U6

R32
R34
R35
R40

D3

C36

R39

R41

R42

D4

D5

C41R53

R57

R61

C44

C43

C45

GNDGNDGNDGND

GND

R43 R44

D6

C46

R45

D7 D8 D9

C47

GND

AG ND

AGND

R5

C79

R2

C78

R7

C4

C11

R17

C76

R23

C14

R152

R22
C21

R24

Y1

40

1432

R29

C26

Q3

Battery

Q5

C32

R48

R47

R46

D11 D12

D10

C51

C50

C49C48

GN D

GND

AGND

AGND

R3

C5

R8

U3

R18

C15

C77

Q1

56

R25

R26

Q4

S

D

G

R49

R21

J12

C7

+

C9

C12

PWRLNKACTOUT 0OUT 1OUT 2OUT 3BAD

DS4DS3DS2

DS8

C37

Conformally
coated area

K1

BT1

Q6

R14

DS1

1

10

DS5

DS6

+

DS7

+

C42

C52

GND

GND

GND

J11

NO

J9

COM

Figure A-3. BL2000 Areas Receiving Conformal Coating

Any components in the conformally coated area may be replaced using standard soldering
procedures for surface-mounted components. A new conformal coating should then be
applied to offer continuing protection against the effects of moisture and contaminants.

NOTE: For more information on conformal coatings, refer to Rabbit Semiconductor

Technical Note 303, Conformal Coatin gs.

62 Wildcat (BL2000)

A.3 Jumper Configurations

Figure A-4 shows the header locations used to configure the various BL2000 options via jumpers.

JP1

JP2

Top Side

GND

JP3

JP4

JP5

JP6

TP15

R160

R161

TP17

R118

Bottom Side

Figure A-4. Location of BL2000 Configurable Positions

GND

User’s Manual 63

Table A-2 lists the configuration options.

Table A-2. BL2000 Jumper Configurations

Header Description Pins Connected

Pin 12 is Vcc R160 installed

J9

Pin 12 is GND R161 installed

1–2

Bias and termination resistors

3–4

JP1

JP2 Flash Memory Bank Select

JP3 D/A Converter Power Supply

JP4 Flash Memory Size

RS-485 Bias and Termination
Resistors

connected
Bias and termination resistors not

None

connected

1–2 Normal Mode

2–3 Bank Mode

1–2 +V

2–3 +REF

1–2 128K/256K

2–3 512K

Factory

Default

×
×

×

×

×

1–2 128K

JP5 SRAM Size

2–3 512K

JP6

Digital Input Pull-Up/Pull-Down
Resistors

NOTE: Only header JP1 uses actual jumpers. The other connections are made using 0 Ω

surface-mounted resistors.

1–2 Pulled up

2–3 Pulled down

×

×

64 Wildcat (BL2000)

A.4 Use of Rabbit 2000 Parallel Ports

Figure A-5 shows the Rabbit-based subsystems designed into the BL2000.

PD0
PD1

PA0PA7

PB0

PB5

PB6
PB7

PD2
PD3

PD4

PB7

Port B

(IN6IN10, CTRL)

R

ABBIT



2000

Real-Time Clock

Watchdog

7 Timers

Slave Port

Clock Doubler

Backup Battery

Support

Port D

(ADC, DAC, Eth)

Port E

(IN0IN5

OUT8OUT9)

Address Lines

I/O Control

Misc. Input

Flash

PC0PC5

PC6PC7

DA0DA7

Port A

(OUT0OUT7)

Serial Ports

(Port C)

Programming

Port

Data Lines

RAM

Figure A-5. BL2000 Rabbit-Based Subsystems

Table A-3 lists the Rabbit 2000 parallel ports and their use in the BL2000.

Table A-3. Use of Rabbit 2000 Parallel Port s

Port I/O Signal

Output Function

PE2PE7

PE0, PE1

A0A18

IORD
IOWR

RESET

State

PA0 Output OUT0/RELAY/LED_DS4 Off
PA1 Output OUT1/LED_DS5 Off
PA2 Output OUT2/LED_DS6 Off
PA3 Output OUT3/LED_DS7 Off
PA4 Output OUT4 Off
PA5 Output OUT5 Off
PA6 Output OUT6 Off
PA7 Output OUT7 Off
PB0 Input IN6 N/A
PB1 Input CLKA N/A
PB2 Input IN7 N/A

User’s Manual 65

Table A-3. Use of Rabbit 2000 Parallel Ports (continued)

Port I/O Signal

Output Function

State

PB3 Input IN8 N/A
PB4 Input IN9 N/A
PB5 Input IN10 N/A
PB6 Output RS485_EN Off
PB7 Output UPGOOD Off
PC0 Output TXD RS-485

Inactive high

Serial Port D

PC1 Input RXD RS-485 N/A
PC2 Output RTS/TXC RS-232

Inactive high

Serial Port C

PC3 Input CTS/RXC RS-232 N/A
PC4 Output TXB RS-232

Inactive high

Serial Port B

PC5 Input RXB RS-232 N/A
PC6 Output TXA Programmi ng Po rt

Inactive high

Serial Port A

PC7 Input RXA Programming Port N/A
PD0 Output DAC-ADC_SK On
PD1 Output DAC-ADC_SDI On
PD2 Input RTL-ADC_SDO N/A

PD3 Input RTL_SK

N/A

*

PD4 Output RTL_SDI On
PD5 Output /DAC0_CS Inactive high
PD6 Output /DAC1_CS Inactive high
PD7 Output /ADC_CS Inactive high

PE0 Output OUT8 Off
PE1 Output OUT9 Off
PE2 Input IN0 N/A
PE3 Input IN1 N/A
PE4 Input IN2 N/A
PE5 Input IN3 N/A
PE6 Input IN4 N/A
PE7 Input IN5 N/A

* PD3 is an output (and is on) for the BL2020 and the BL2030.

66 Wildcat (BL2000)

APPENDIX B. PLASTIC ENCLOSURE

The plastic enclosure provides a secure way to protect your
BL2000. The enclosure itself ma y be mounted on any flat sur­face.

Appendix B d esc ribe s how t o mo unt t he BL200 0 i nsi de th e pl as­tic enclosure, how to install the optional light pipes, and pro­vides details on mounting the assembly.

User’s Manual 67

B.1 Assembly

1. Attach the BL2000 to the plastic enclosure base.
Positi o n the

BL2000

over the plastic enclosure base as shown below in Figure B-1.

the BL2000 to the base using the two 4-40 × ¼ screws supplied.

C1

R9

R154

D7 D8 D9

GND

C85

J4
J3

AGND

C75

R5

C79

R7

C4

R

C

1

1

1

1

R17

C76

R152

R22

C21

1432

R29

C26

D

Q3

Q5

CAUTION

R49

GND

GND

NO

COM

AGND

R2

R23

C

14

R
2
4

Y1

R
2

5

G

Battery

GND

AG ND

AGND

R3

C78

C5

C7

R8

U3

R18

C

1

5

R21

C77

Q1

1

56

1

0

R

2

6

DS4

K1

DS5

Q4

S

BT1

DS6

+

DS7

+

DS8

Q6

C

37

C

42

J11

J9

AGND

C2

C3

U2

C8

R

R

JP

1

10

5

1

7

U1

C18

90

C13

JP2

6

5

4

0

1
5

U6

C32

R48

R47

R45

R46

D11 D12

D10

C51

C50

C49C48

C52

GN D

GND

GND RST- IN1 IN0 485- 485+ RXD2 TXD2RXD1 TXD1 AGND DAC1 DAC0ADC8 ADC7 ADC6ADC5 ADC4 ADC3ADC2 ADC1 ADC0+RAW +K

J1

J2

J6

C23

D1

TVS1

+

D2

14

23

J7
POWER IN

GND

J8

J10

IN3IN2 IN4 IN5 IN6 IN7 IN8 IN9 IN10 OUT8 OUT9 GND GNDOUT0 OUT1OUT2 OUT3 OUT4OUT5 OUT6 OUT7 NC

8

GN D

GND

GND GND

R1

C25

C28

+

L1

C
3

3

R
3

6

R
5

0

1

C

C

3

3

8

9

R

R

5

5

5

4

R

R

5

5

9

GN D

GND GND

J5

R13

R4

R6

R12

C10

C80

R20

R130

R16

C20

C17

C24

R

151

R30

C29

C31

R33

C
3

3

4

5

R

R

3

3

7

8

R

R

5

5

2

C
4

0

R
5

6
R
6

0

R15

R19

C16

C

C
4

1
R

5

7

R
6

1

C43

GNDGNDGNDGND

R153

C19

Y3

U5

Y2

C
2
2

R

27

U4

R
2

8

C

2

Q2

7

R32

R34

R35

R40

R31

D3

C
3

6
R

R41

R43 R44

R42

3

9

D4

D5

D6

R
5

3

C47

C46

C44

C45

GND

Figure B-1. Attach BL2000 to Plastic Enclosure Base

2. Install light pipes (optional).

Attach

AGND

J12

+

C9

R14
C12

DS1

PWRLNKACTOUT 0OUT 1OUT 2OUT 3BAD

DS2

DS3

Light pipes are included in the
Tool Kit to facilitate seeing the
LEDs on the BL2000 board
once the enclosure is assembled.

Notched

With the enclosure top posi-

side

tioned as shown in Figure B-2,
insert the eight light pipes into
the slots identified in Figure B-

2. Position the light pipes snugly
against the enclosure top since
there is little clearance between
the light pipes and the LEDs on
the BL2000. The light pipes

Light pipe
flange is firmly
against
enclosure

“snap” in place. Verify that the
light pipes are aligned over the
LEDs, then apply a drop of

Figure B-2. Install Light Pipes in Enclosure Top

cyanoacrylate or contact cement
to the inside of the enclosure around each light pipe to hold it in place.

NOTE: Once the glue is applied, it wi ll not be possible to change the alignment of the

light pipes without damaging the plastic enclosure.

...

68 Wildcat (BL2000)

3. Attach the enclosure top to the base.
Position the enclosure top over the plastic enclosure base as shown below in Figure B-3.

Attach the enclosure top to the base using the two 4-40 × ½ screws supplied. If you
installed the light pipes, be sure they are aligned over the LEDs as shown.

Notched

side

GND RST- IN1 IN0 485- 485+ RXD2 TXD2 RXD1TXD1 AGND DAC1DAC0 ADC8 ADC7ADC6 ADC5 ADC4ADC3 ADC2 ADC1ADC0+RAW +K

J1

J2

GND

GN D

GND GND

R1

J6

C23

D1

C25

T

C28

V
S
1

+

D2

14

+

L1

23

C
3
3

R
3
6

R

J7

POWER IN

J8

J10

5
0
C

C

3

3

8

9
R

R

5

5

5

4

R

R

5

5

GND

IN3IN2 IN4 IN5 IN6 IN7 IN8 IN9 IN10 OUT8 OUT9 GND GNDOUT0 OUT1OUT2 OUT3 OUT4OUT5 OUT6 OUT7 NC

9

8

GN D

J5

R4

R6

R12

C10

C80

R20

R130

R16

C20

R19

C16

C19

Y3

Y2

C17

C24

U4

R

151

2

Q2

7

R30

C29

R32
R34

R35

R40

C31

R31

D3

R33

C

C

C

3

3

3

4

6

5

R

R

R

R41

R42

3

3

3

7

9

8

D4

D5

R

R

R

5

5

5

1

3

2

C

C

4

4

0

1
R

R

5

5

7

6

R

R

6

6

0

1

C46

C44

C43

C45

GNDGNDGNDGND

GND

R15

R153

R
2
8

C

GND GND

R13

U5

C

2
2
R

2

7

R43 R44
D6

C47

GND

C1

R9

D7 D8 D9

J4

J3

C

C

3

2

AGND

AGND

AGND

C75

R5

C79

U2

R7

C4

C8

R

R

C

1

1

1

R17

1

1

0

U1

JP2

R154

C13

C76

R152

C18

R22
C21

6

4

5

9

4

0

0

1432

1

5

R29

C26

D

U6

Q3

G

Q5

CAUTION

C32

R48

R47

R49

R45

R46

D11 D12

D10

C51

C50

C52

C49C48

GND

GND

GND

GN D

NO

COM

C
1

4

R
2

Y1

B

R2

R
2

3

R

2
5

Q4

attery

GND

AGND

AG ND

AGND

C78

R3

J12

C5

C7

+

R8

C9

U3

R14

R18

C12

C
1
5

D

R21

S1

R

Q1

56

K1

BT1

+

S
7

+

DS8

C

37
C
42

W
P

DS

1

K

2

LN

D

1

S

0

3

CT
A

D

T 0

S4

U

O

DS5

UT 1
O

DS

T 2

6

U
O

D

T 3
U
O

AD
B

C77

R
2

6

S

Q6

J11

J9

Figure B-3. Attach Enclosure Top

4. Mount plastic enclosure (optional).
Use four #10 screws to attach the assembled plastic enclosure to the surface on which it

will be mounted. This step applies to production versions of BL2000 boards once develop­ment has been completed.

User’s Manual 69

B.2 Dimensions

Figure B-4 shows the dimensions for the plastic enclosure.

0.70

(18)

5.00

(127)

4.35

(110)

4.25

(108)

0.375" (9.5 mm)
is cut off each corner

(92)

0.25

(6.4)

3.62

2.85

(72)

5.60

(142)

1.375

(35)

1.375

(35)

2.13

(54)

(124)

4.875

Figure B-4. Plastic Enclosure Dimensions

When fully assembled with the BL2000 installed, the total height of the plastic enclosure
will be 1.1" (28 mm).

70 Wildcat (BL2000)

APPENDIX C. POWER SUPPLY

Appendix C describes the power circuitry distributed on the
BL2000.

C.1 Power Supplies

Power is supplied to the BL2000 via a mini phone jack located at J7 or through the screw
terminal strip, header J2. The BL2000 itself is protected against reverse polarity by a
diode at D1 as shown in Figure C-1.

J2 orJ7

POWER

IN

+RAW

D1

TVS1

SWITCHING POWER REGULATOR

DCIN

C28
47 µF

14

15

12

8

1

U12

LM2575

7

17

18

10

2

330 µH

1

L1

D2
1N5819

Vcc

C29

4

330 µF

3

Figure C-1. BL2000 Power Supply

Capacitor C28 provides surge current protection for the voltage regulator, and allows the
external power supply to be located some distance away from the BL2000. A switching
power regulator is used. The input voltage range is from 9 V to 40 V.

The BL2000 can alternatively be powered by 24 V AC. In this case D1 and C28 act as a
half-wave rectifier to produce approximately 40 V DC at the input of the switching regula­tor, U12. Although a significant drop will be measured at DCIN, the voltage will never
drop below +9 V DC. As long as the minimum input level is maintained at the input to the
regulator, Vcc will be held at +5 V DC.

Pin 12 on header J9 can be configured to either supply Vcc (0 Ω surface-mounted resistor
installed at R160) or GND (0 Ω surface-mounted resistor installed at R161). When using
pin 12 on header J9 to supply Vcc, take care not to draw more than 25 mA current from
this pin, especially if you are using 24 V AC as your +RAW input power supply. The R160
and R161 locations are shown in Figure A-4.

User’s Manual 71

C.1.1 Power for Analog Circuits

Power to the analog circuits is provided by way of a two-stage low-pass filter, which iso­lates the analog section from digital noise generated by the other components. The analog
power voltage +V powers the op-amp for the buffered A/D converter inputs, the A/D con­verter, and the 4.096 V reference circuit. The two D/A converters can be powered either
from the reference, which is t he st andar d, or from + V when r atiome tr ic me asure men ts are
desired. The maximum current draw on +V is less than 10 mA.

There are three digital grounds, one on each of the screw-terminal headers associated with
the digital functions (J2, J8, and J9). The digital ground and the analog ground share a sin­gle split ground plane on the board, with the analog ground connected at a single point to
the digital ground by a 0 Ω resistor (R87). This is done to minimize digital noise in the
analog circuits and to eliminate the possibility of ground loops. External connections to
analog ground are made on screw-terminal header J4.

C.2 Batteries and External Battery Connections

The SRAM and the real-time clock have battery backup. Power to the SRAM and the real­time clock (VRAM) is provided by two different sources, depending on whether the main
part of the BL2000 is powered or not. When the BL2000 is powered normally, and Vcc is
within operating limits, the SRAM and the rea l-time cl ock ar e power ed fr om Vcc. If power
to the board is lost or falls below 4.63 V, the VRAM power will come from the battery. The
reset generator circuit controls the source of power by way of its /RESET output signal.

A replaceable 265 mA·h lithium battery provides power to the real-time clock and SRAM
when external power is removed from the circuit board. The drain on the battery is typically
less than 10 µA when there is no external power applied, and so the expected in-service life
of the battery is

265 mA·h

------------------------ 3.0 years.=
10 µA

The drain on the battery is typically less tha n 4 µA when external power is applied, and so
the expected BL2000 shelf life is

265 mA·h

------------------------ 7.5 yea rs.=

4 µA

A long-life 950 mA·h solder-in battery is also provided for in the board layout. Alterna­tively, an external battery may be connected to the BL2000 via header J12. The existing
battery does not have to be removed when an external battery is used.

72 Wildcat (BL2000)

C.2.1 Replacing the Backup Battery

The battery is user-replaceable, and is fitted in a battery holder. To replace the battery, lift
up on the spring clip and slide out the old battery. Use only a Panasonic CR2330 or equiv­alent replacement battery, and insert it into the battery holder with the + side facing up.

NOTE: The SRAM contents and the real-time clock settings will be lost if the battery is

replaced with no power applied to the BL2000. Exercise care if you replace the battery
while external power is applied to the BL2000.

CAUTION: There is an explosion danger if the battery is short-ci rcuited, recharged,
or replaced incorrectly. Replace the battery only with the same type or an equivalent
type recommended by the battery manufacturer. Dispose of used batteries according
to the battery manufacturer’s instructions.

C.2.2 Battery-Backup Circuit

Figure C-2 shows the battery-backup circuit.

Internal Battery

BT1

VBAT-INT

D14

R162

1 kW

R164

VRAM

1 kW

External Battery

J12

1

2

3

VBAT-EXT

D16

R163

1 kW

VBAT

D18

Vcc

C30
1 nF

R165

47 kW

D20

R25
11 kW

R159

22 kW

C83
1 nF

R92

47 kW

VOSC

Figure C-2. BL2000 Backup Battery Circuit

The battery-backup circuit serves three purposes:

• It reduces the battery voltage to the SRAM and to the real-time clock, thereby limiting
the current consumed by the real-time clock and lengthening the battery life.

• It ensures that current can flow only out of the battery to prevent charging the battery.

• A voltage, VOSC, is supplied to U14, which keeps the 32.768 kHz oscillator working

when the voltage begins to drop.

VRAM and Vcc are nearly equal (<100 mV, typically 10 mV) when power is supplied to
the BL2000.

User’s Manual 73

C.2.3 Power to VRAM Switch

The VRAM switch, shown in Figure C-3, allows the battery backup to provide power
when the external power goes off. The switch provides an isolation between Vcc and the
battery when Vcc goes low. This prevents the Vcc line from draining the battery.

/RESET

R104

22 kW

VCC

Q9

FDV302P

Q8
MMBT3904

R99

0 W

VRAM

R93

11 kW

Figure C-3. VRAM Switch

Field-effect transistor Q9 is needed to provide a very small voltage drop between Vcc and
VRAM (<100 mV, typically 10 mV) so that the board components powered by Vcc will
not have a significantly different voltage than VRAM.

When the BL2000 is not in reset, the /RESET line will be high. This turns on Q8, causing
its collector to go low. This turns on Q9, allowing VRAM to nearly equal Vcc.

When the BL2000 is in reset, the /RESET line will go low. This turns off Q8 and Q9, pro­viding an isolation between Vcc and VRAM.

74 Wildcat (BL2000)

C.2.4 Reset Generator

The BL2000 uses a reset generator, U4, to reset the Rabbit 2000 mi croprocessor when the
voltage drops below the voltage necessary for reliable operation. The reset occurs between

4.50 V and 4.75 V, typically 4.63 V. The reset can be initiated either externally or by a

watchdog timeout (WDTOUT) on the Rabbit 2000 microprocessor.

+5 V

/RESET

WDTOUT

R151
100 kW

EXT

RESET

U4

RESET

GENERATOR

D15

D17

R69
22 kW

C24
100 nF

Figure C-4. Reset Generator

NOTE: The Dynamic C f unction chkWDTO is not able to detect whether a watchdog

timeout has occurred on the BL2000. The GCSR status bits are read and stored by the
BIOS, and the reset status bit would normally change once a reset has occurred. How­ever, sin ce WDTOUT is tied to the reset generator, a watchdog timeout forces a hard-
ware reset, followed by the BIOS reading and storing the status bits corresponding to
power-up or reset.

To use chkWDTO to detect a watchdog timeout, remove D15 (located on the bottom
side of the BL2000).

User’s Manual 75

C.3 Chip Select Circuit

Figure C-5 shows a schematic of the chip select circuit.

R101

100 kW

VRAM

/CSRAM

/CS1

Q4

R104

/RESET

22 kW

C81

1 nF

Figure C-5. Chip Select Circuit

Q3

Q8

The current drain on the battery in a battery-backed circuit must be kept at a minimum.
When the BL2000 is not powered, the battery keeps the SRAM memory contents and the
real-time clock (RTC) going. The SRAM has a powerdown mode that greatly reduces
power consumption. This powerdown mode is activated by raising the chip select (CS)
signal line. Normally the SRAM requires Vcc to operate. However, only 2 V is required
for data retention in powerdown mode. Thus, when power is removed from the circuit, the
battery voltage needs to be provided to both the SRAM power pin and to the CS signal
line. The CS control circuit accomplishes this task for the SRAM’s chip select signal line.

In a powered-up condition, the CS control circuit must allow the processor’s chip select
signal /CS1 to control the SRAM’ s CS signal /CSR AM. So, with power applied, /CSRAM
must be the same signal as /CS1, and with power removed, /CSRAM must be held high
(but only needs to be battery voltage high). Q3 and Q4 are MOSFET transistors with com­plementary polarity. They are both turned on when power is applied to the circuit. They
allow the CS signal to pass from the processor to the SRAM s o that the proc essor can per i­odically access the SRAM. When power is removed from the circuit, the transistors will
turn off and isolate /CSRAM from the processor. The isolated /CSRAM line has a 100 kΩ
pullup resistor to VRAM (R101). This pullup resistor keeps /CSRAM at the VRAM volt­age level (which under no power condition is the backup battery’s regulated voltage at a
little more than 2 V).

76 Wildcat (BL2000)

Transistors Q3 and Q4 are of opposite polarity so that a rail-to-rail voltage can be passed.
When the /CS1 voltage is low, Q4 will conduct. When the /CS1 voltage is high, Q3 con­ducts. It takes time for the transistors to turn on, creating a propagation delay. This propa­gation delay is typically very small, about 10 ns to 15 ns.

The signal that turns the transistors on is a high on the processor’s reset line,

/RESET.

When the BL2000 is not in reset, the reset line will be high, turning on n-channel Q4
directly and p-channel FET Q3 by way of Q8. When the board is in reset both Q3 and Q4
are off, isolating /CSRAM and allowing it to be pulled to VRAM.

User’s Manual 77

78 Wildcat (BL2000)

APPENDIX D.

DEMONSTRATION BOARD

Appendix D shows how t o connect the Demonstration Board to
the BL2000.

D.1 Connecting Demonstration Board

Before running sample programs based on the Demonstration Board, you will have to con­nect the Demonstration Board
follows.

from the BL2000 Tool Kit to the BL2000 board. Proceed as

1. Use the wires included in the
tion

Board to header J8 and J9 on the BL2000. The connections are shown in Figure D-1
for sample programs DIGIN.C, DIGOUT.C, and SMTP.C, and in
program ANADIGIN.C.

2. Make sure that your BL2000 is connected to your PC and that the power supply is con­nected to the BL2000 and plugged in as described in Chapter 2, “Getting Started.”

BL2000 Tool

Kit to connect header J1 on the Demonstra-

Figure D-2

for sample

User’s Manual 79

12 V DC max.

GND GND

C80

R130

Y3

R31

C35

R38

R52

C40

R56

R60

C85

J4
J3

AGND

AGND

AGND

C2

C3

C75

R5

R2

C79

R13

C1
R9

R15

C19

Y2

C36

R39

C41R53

R57

R61

U2

C8

R7

C4

R157

R10

R11

C11

JP1

R17

U1

R153

R154

U5

R27C22

R28

C27

R32
R34
R35
R40

D3

C43

GNDGNDGNDGND

C13

C18

JP2

C76

R152

65

90

40

15

C26

U6

R41

R42

D4

D5

C44

C45

GND

R43 R44

D6

C46

R45

D7 D8 D9

C47

GND

R47

R46

D10

C50

C49C48

GND

GND RST- IN1 IN0 485- 485+ RXD2 TXD2 RXD1 TXD1 AGND DAC1 DAC0 ADC8ADC7 ADC6 ADC5 ADC4 ADC3 ADC2 ADC1ADC0+RAW +K

J1
J2

GND

GN D

GND GND

R1

J6

C23

D1

TVS1

D2

J7

POWER IN

GND

J8

J10

IN3IN2 IN4 IN5 IN6 IN7 IN8 IN9 IN10 OUT8 OUT9 GND GNDOUT0 OUT1OUT2 OUT3 OUT4 OUT5 OUT6OUT7 NC

R4
R6

C10

R20

C20

C16

C17

C24

R151

C25

C28

+
14

23

J5

R12

R16
R19

U4

Q2

R30

C29

+

C31

L1

R33

C34

C33

R36

R37

R51

C38R50

C39

R55

R54

R59

R58

GN D

R22
C21

C32

C78

1432

AG ND

C14

Q5

R48
D11 D12

C51

GN D

R3

R23

C77

R24

Y1

R25

R29

D

Q3

Battery

R49

C52

AGND

R8

R18

Q1

R26

G

GND

C5

U3

C15

Q4

NO

AGND

C7

R21

56

S

GND

COM

+

K1

BT1

Q6

J12

C9

R14

C12

DS1

1

10

DS4DS3DS2

DS5

DS6

+

DS7

+

DS8

C37

C42

GND

J11

J9

PWRLNKACTOUT 0OUT 1OUT 2OUT 3BAD

BL2000

Jumpers:

H1: None

H2: As shown

·

·

·

·

·

GND

H2

· · 1-2

· · 3-4

· · 5-6

SW4

SW3

SW2

SW1

LED1 LED2 LED3 LED4

DEMO BOARD

+5V

SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4

· K·

LED1

· · 2-1

LED2

BUZZER

LED4

LED3

BUZZER

· · 8-7

· · 6-5

· ·

H1

J1

·

·

·

·

·

4-3

BL2000

(Header J2/J8/J9)

+RAW, K

GND

IN0
IN1
IN2

IN3
OUT0
OUT1
OUT2
OUT3

Demonstration Board

(Header J1)

+5V
GND
SW1
SW2
SW3
SW4
LED1
LED2
LED3
LED4

Figure D-1. General Digital Connections Between BL2000 and Demonstration Board

80 Wildcat (BL2000)

BL2000

COM

NO

J9
J11

GND

GND

GND

GN D

GND

C49C48

C52

C51

C50

GND

GND

C45

C44

C46

C47

C42

D5

D6

D7 D8 D9

D10

R21

C7

AGND

G

S

Q4

R25

R26

56

Q1

C15

R18

U3

R8

C5

AGND

R49

Battery

Q3

D

R29

Y1

R24

C77

R23

R3

D11 D12

R46

R45

R47

R48

C32

Q5

U6

C26

1432

40

C21
R22

R152

C14

C76

C13

R17

C11

R11

C4

R7

C78

R2

C79

R5

AGND

AG ND

C37

Q6

DS8

+

DS7

+

DS6

BT1

DS5

K1

DS4

10

DS3DS2

1

PWRLNKACTOUT 0OUT 1OUT 2OUT 3BAD

DS1

C12

R14

C9

+

J12

D4

R43 R44

R42

R41

C27

15

R28

90

R27C22

65

U5

JP2

C18

R154

U1

JP1

R10

R157

C8

U2

C75

C3

C2

AGND

AGND

J3
J4

C85

GN D

GNDGNDGNDGND

C43

R61

R59

R60

R55

R56

R57

C41R53

C40

C39

R52

R51

R38

R39

R37

C35

C36

C34

R33

D3

R31

C31

R40
R35
R34
R32

C29

R30

Q2

U4

Y2

Y3

C19

R153

R19

R15

R16

R130

C80

R9

C1

R13

J5

GND GND

GN D

IN3IN2 IN4 IN5 IN6 IN7 IN8 IN9 IN10 OUT8 OUT9 GND GNDOUT0 OUT1 OUT2 OUT3 OUT4 OUT5 OUT6 OUT7 NC

J10

J8

R151

C16

C24

C17

C20

R20

C10

R6
R4

GND

23

14
+

C28

C25

GND

POWER IN

J7

D2

TVS1

12 V DC max.

D1

C23

J6

R1

GND GND

J2

J1

GND RST- IN1 IN0 485- 485+ RXD2 TXD2 RXD1 TXD1 AGND DAC1 DAC0 ADC8ADC7 ADC6 ADC5 ADC4 ADC3 ADC2 ADC1 ADC0+RAW +K

GND

EXTERNAL

POWER SUPPLY

+5 V

R58

R54

C38R50

R36

C33

L1

+

R12

Jumpers:

H1: None

H2: As shown

·

·

·

·

·

+5V

SW4

SW3

SW2

SW1

GND

H2

LED1 LED2 LED3 LED4

· · 1-2

· · 3-4

DEMO BOARD

· · 5-6

SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4

J1

·

·

·

·

·

· K·

BUZZER

LED4

LED3

LED2

LED1

BUZZER

· · 8-7

· · 6-5

· ·

· · 2-1

H1

4-3

BL2000

(Header J4)

Separate Power Supply

GND
ADC0
ADC1
ADC2
ADC3

N/C
N/C
N/C
N/C

Demonstration Board

(Header J1)

+5V

GND

SW1
SW2
SW3

SW4
LED1
LED2
LED3
LED4

Figure D-2. Analog Connections Between BL2000 and Demonstration Board

User’s Manual 81

82 Wildcat (BL2000)

APPENDIX E. PROGRAMMING CABLE

Appendix E provides additional information for the program­ming port in association with the

DIAG and PROG connectors

on the programming cable. The
when the programming cable is attached to the programming
connector (header J5) while a new application is being devel­oped. Otherwise, the
allows the programming cable to be used as an RS-232 to
CMOS level converter for serial communication, which is
appropriate for monitoring or debugging a BL2000 system
while it is running.

DIAG connector on t he p rog r am mi ng ca bl e

PROG connector is used only

User’s Manual 83

The programming port, which is shown in Figure E-1, can serve as a convenient commu­nications port for field setup or other occasional communication need (for example, as a
diagnostic port). If the port is simply to perform a setup function, that is, write setup infor­mation to flash memory, then the single-board computer can be reset through the program­ming port and a cold boot performed to start execution of a special program dedicated to
this functionality.

PROGRAMMING PORT PIN ASSIGNMENTS

12

34

56

78

9

Programming Port

Pin Numbers

10

(Rabbit PQFP pins are shown in parenthesis)

1. RXA (51)

2. GND

3. CKLKA (94)

4. +5 V/+3 V

5. /RESET

6. TXA (54)

7. n.c.

8. STATUS (output) (38)

9. SMODE0 (36)

10. SMODE1 (35)

~50 kW

~50 kW

~10 kW

~50 kW

~50 kW

+

+

+

GND

GND

Figure E-1. Programming Port Pin Assignments

When the PROG connector is used, the /RESET line can be asserted by manipulating
DTR and the STATUS line can be read as DSR on the serial port. The target can be
restarted by pulsing reset and then, after a short delay, sending a special character string at
2400 bps. To simply restart the BIOS, the string 80h, 24h, 80h can be sent. When the
BIOS is started, it can tell whether the programming cable is connected because the
SMODE1 and SMODE0 pins are sensed as being high.

Alternatively, the DIAG connector can be used to connect the programming port. The
/RESET line and the SMODE1 and SMODE0 pins are not connected to this connector.
The programming port is then enabled as a diagnostic port by polling the port periodically
to see if communication needs to begin or to enable the port and wait for interrupts. The
pull-up resistors on RXA and CLKA prevent spurious data reception that might take place
if the pins floated.

If the clocked serial mode is used, the serial port can be driven by having two toggling
lines that can be driven and one line that can be sensed. This allows a conversation with a
device that does not have an asynchronous serial port but that has two output signal lines
and one input signal line.

The line TXA (also called PC6) is zero after reset if the cold-boot mode is not enabled. A
possible way to detect the presence of a cable on the programming port is for the cable to
connect TXA to one of the SMODE pins and then test for the connection by raising PC6
(by configuring it as a general output bit) and reading the SMODE pin after the cold-boot
mode has been disabled. The value of the SMODE pin is read from the SPCR register.

84 Wildcat (BL2000)

Once you establish that the programming port will never again be needed for program­ming, it is possible to use the programming port for additional I/O lines. Table E-1 lists the
pins available for this alternate configuration.

Table E-1. BL2000 Programming Port Pinout Configu rations

Pin Pin Name Default Use Alternate Use Notes

1 RXA Serial Port A PC6—Input
2GND

3CLKA

4VCC

5 RESET

6 TXA Serial Port A PC7—Output
8 STATUS Output

9 SMODE0 Input

10 SMODE1 Input

PB1—Bitwise or parallel
programmable input

Connected to reset
generator U4

Must be low when
BL2000 boots up

Must be low when
BL2000 boots up

User’s Manual 85

86 Wildcat (BL2000)

NOTICE TO USERS

Z-WORLD PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE­SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS UNLESS A SPECIFIC WRITTEN AGREEMENT REGARDING
SUCH INTENDED USE IS ENTERED INTO BETWEEN THE CUSTOMER AND Z-WORLD PRIOR
TO USE. Life-support devices or systems are devices or systems intended for surgical implantation into the
body or to sustain life, and whose failure to perfo rm, when pro perly used in accor dance with instructions for
use provided in the labeling and user’s manual, can be reasonably expected to result in significant injury.

No complex software or hardware system is perfect. Bugs are always present in a system of any size. In
order to prevent danger to life or property, it is the responsibility of the system designer to incorporate
redundant protective mechanisms appropriate to the risk involved.

All Z-World products are 100 percent functionally tested. Additional testing may include visual quality con­trol inspections or mechanical defects analyzer inspections. Specifications are based on characterization of
tested sample units rather than testing over temperature and voltage of each unit. Z-World products may
qualify components to operate within a range of parameters that is different from the manufacturer’s recom­mended range. This strategy is believed to be more economical and effective. Additional testing or burn-in
of an individual unit is available by special arrangement.

User’s Manual 87

88 Wildcat (BL2000)

INDEX

A

A/D converter inputs .............26

analog I/O

reference voltages .............27

analog inputs

use as digital inputs ........... 26

analog outputs ....................... 27

B

battery

connections .......................72

life ..................................... 72

replacing the backup bat-

tery ................................73

C

CE compliance ........................5

design guidelines .................6

chip select circuit .................. 76

clock doubler ........................31

conformal coating ................. 64

connections

battery ............................... 72

Ethernet cable ................... 51

D

D/A converter outputs ...........27

Demonstration Board ..............3

hookup instructions ........... 79

analog sample programs 81
digital sample programs 80

wire assembly .....................3

digital inputs .........................16

configured pull-up or pull-

down .............................16

dual-purpose A/D converter

inputs as digital inputs ..17

switching threshold ...........17

digital outputs .......................18

+K ..................................... 18

pulled up or pulled down .. 18

sinking ...............................18

sourcing .............................18

dimensions

BL2000 board ................... 58

plastic enclosure ................70

Dynamic C ........................4, 33

add-on modules .................34

basic instructions ...............33

COM port ..........................10

debugging features ............ 33

installation ........................... 9

starting .............................. 10

telephone-based technical

support ...................... 4, 34

upgrades and patches ........34

E

EMI

spectrum spreader feature . 31

Ethernet cables ......................51

Ethernet connections .............51

steps .................................. 51

Ethernet port .........................24

ground lug .........................25

handling EMI and noise .... 24

pinout ................................ 24

external interrupts ................. 31

F

features ....................................1

flash memory

lifetime write cycles .......... 33

I

installation

plastic enclosure

BL2000 .........................68

light pipes ...................... 68

top ................................. 69

IP addresses ..........................54

how to set ..........................53

how to set PC IP address .. 54

J

jumper configurations ..... 63, 64

J9(12) ................................ 71

J9(12) is GND ................... 64

J9(12) is Vcc ..................... 64

JP1 (RS-485 bias and termin a-

tion resistors) .......... 23, 64

JP2 (flash memory bank

select) ......................29, 64

JP3 (D/A converter power

supply) .................... 27, 64

JP4 (flash memory size) 29, 64

JP5 (SRAM size) ........ 29, 64

JP6 (digital input pull-up/pull-

down resistors) ....... 16, 64

jumper locations ................63

K

K ........................................... 18

M

memory .................................29

flash memory configura-

tions ..............................29

SRAM configuration for

different sizes ...............29

models .....................................2

BL2000 ............................... 2

BL2010 ............................... 2

BL2020 ............................... 2

BL2030 ............................... 2

P

pin configurations

programming port ............. 85

pinout

BL2000 headers .......... 14, 15

Ethernet port ..................... 24

programming port ............. 84

User’s Manual 89

plastic enclosure ................3, 68

attach BL2000 to base .........7

dimensions .........................70

power management ...............71

power supplies .......................71

backup-battery circuit ........73

battery backup ...................72

chip select circuit ...............76

switching voltage regulator 71

VRAM switch ...................74

power supply ...........................3

connections ....................8, 15

Program Mode .......................30

programming

flash vs. RAM ................... 33

programming cable ..............3

programming port ..............23

programming cable .................3

connections ..........................8

DIAG connector ................84

programming port

pin configurations ..............85

pinout .................................84

used as diagnostic port ...... 84

R

Rabbit 2000

parallel ports ......................65

relay outputs ..........................20

operation in parallel with

digital output OUT0 ......20

reset .........................................8

hardware ..............................8

reset generator ...................75

RS-232 ..................................21

RS-485 ..................................21

RS-485 network ....................22

termination and bias resistors

23

Run Mode ..............................30

S

sample programs ...................35

A/D converter inputs

AD_CALIB.C ................36

AD1.C ............................36

AD2.C ............................36

AD3.C ............................36

AD4.C ............................36

BOARD_ID.C ...................35

COUNTLEDS.C ...............35

D/A converter outputs

DACAL.C ......................37

DAOUT1.C ...................37

DAOUT2.C ...................37

digital I/O

ANADIGIN.C ...............35

DIGIN.C ........................35

DIGOUT.C ....................35

LED.C ............................35

PWM.C ..........................36

RELAY.C ......................36

how to set IP address .........53

LEDS_4.C .........................35

PONG.C ............................11

serial communication

MASTER.C ...................36

PUTS.C ..........................36

RELAYCHR.C ..............36

SLAVE.C ......................36

TCP/IP ............................... 53

PINGME.C ....................55

SMTP.C .........................56

SSI.C ..............................56

TELNET.C ....................56

serial communication ............21

programming port ..............23

RS-232 description ............21

RS-485 description ............21

RS-485 network ................22

RS-485 termination and bias

resistors .........................23

serial ports

Ethernet port ......................24

setup ........................................7

attach BL2000 to enclosure

base .................................7

power supply connecti ons ...8
programming cable connec-

tions ................................. 8

software ................................... 4

A/D converter inputs

_anaIn ............................44

anaIn ..............................45

anaInCalib .....................44

anaInEERd .....................46

anaInEEWr ....................46

anaInVolts .....................46

board initialization ............39

brdInit ............................39

D/A converter outputs

anaOut ...........................48

anaOutCalib ...................47

anaOutEERd ..................49

anaOutEEWr .................49

anaOutVolts ...................49

digital I/O

digIn ...............................41

digOut ............................41

LED outputs

ledOut ............................43

libraries .............................. 30

BL2000 ..........................38

PACKET.LIB ................42

RS232.LIB .....................42

TCP/IP ...........................38

relay output

relayOut .........................43

sample programs ............... 35

BOARD_ID.C ...............35

COUNTLEDS.C ............35

LEDS_4.C .....................35

PONG.C ........................11

serial communication

flow control ...................42

ser485Rx ........................42

ser485Tx ........................ 42

serCflowcontrolOff .......42

serCflowcontrolOn ........42

watchdog timeout

chkWDTO .....................75

specifications

BL2100

header footprint .............61

headers ...........................61

relative pin 1 locations ..61

dimensions

plastic enclosure ............70

dimensions BL2000 ..........58

electrical ............................59

temperature ........................59

spectrum spreader .................31

subsystems ......................13, 14

T

TCP/IP connections ...............51

10Base-T Ethernet card .....51

additional resources ...........56

Ethernet hub ......................51

steps ................................... 51

technical support ...................11

Tool Kit ...................................3

AC adapter ............... ...........3

DC power supply .................3

Demonstration Board ..........3

Dynamic C software ............3

plastic enclosure ..................3

programming cable ..............3

software ...............................3

User’s Manual .....................3

wire assembly ......................3

V

Vcc

J9(12) ................................. 71

90 Wildcat (BL2000)

SCHEMATICS

090-0117 BL2000 Schematic

www.zworld.com/documentation/schemat/090-0117.pdf

090-0042 Demonstration Board Schematic

www.zworld.com/documentation/schemat/090-0042.pdf

090-0128 Programming Cable Schematic

www.zworld.com/documentation/schemat/090-0128.pdf

The schematics included with the printed manual were the la te st revisi ons availa ble at the
time the manual was last revised. The online versions of the manual contain links to the
latest revised schematic on the Web site. You may also use the URL information provided
above to access the latest schematics directly.

User’s Manual 91