YOKOGAWA AQ6373 User Manual

User’s Manual

AQ6373 Optical Spectrum Analyzer

IM AQ6373-01EN

2nd Edition

Product Registration

Thank you for purchasing YOKOGAWA products.

YOKOGAWA provides registered users with a variety of information and services. Please allow us to serve you best by completing the product registration form accessible from our homepage.

http://tmi.yokogawa.com/

PIM 103-03E

Foreword

Thank you for purchasing the AQ6373 Optical Spectrum Analyzer. This instrument enables high speed measurement of the optical properties of LD and LED light sources, and other devices. To improve ease of use, it includes mouse-based user operation and a brand-new zoom function. This user’s manual describes the instrument’s functions, operating procedures, and handling precautions, and provides other important information for use of the instrument. For correct operation, please read this manual thoroughly before use. After reading this manual, keep it in a convenient location for quick reference in the event a question arises during operation. There are two manuals for the AQ6373 including this one. Read them along with this manual.

Manual Title Manual No. Description

AQ6373 Optical Spectrum Analyzer User’ s Manual

AQ6370C/AQ6373/ AQ6375 Optical Spectrum Analyzer Remote Control User’s Manual AQ6373 Optical Spectrum Analyzer Getting Started Guide

IM AQ6373-01EN This manual. The manual is located on the CD

included in your package (pdf format). Explains all functions and operating procedures of the AQ6373 except remote control and program functions.

IM AQ6370C-17EN The manual is located on the CD included

in your package (pdf format).Explains functions for controlling the instrument with communication commands and program functions.

IM AQ6373-02EN

Explains instrument handling precautions and basic operating procedures.

Notes

Trademarks

• The contents of this manual are subject to change without prior notice as a result of improvements in the instrument’s performance and functions. Display contents illustrated in this manual may differ slightly from what actually appears on your screen.

• Every effort has been made in the preparation of this manual to ensure the accuracy of its contents. However, should you have any questions or find any errors, please contact your nearest YOKOGAWA dealer.

• Copying or reproducing all or any part of the contents of this manual without the permission of Yokogawa Meters & Instruments Corporation is strictly prohibited.

• A warranty sheet is included. It cannot be reissued. After reading the sheet, keep it in a safe location.

• Microsoft and Windows are trademarks or registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.

• Adobe, Acrobat, and PostScript are trademarks or registered trademarks of Adobe Systems incorporated.

• The company and product names used in this manual are not accompanied by the trademark or registered trademark symbols(TM, ®)

• Other company and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies.

Revisions

• 1st Edition: January 2011

• 2nd Edition: August 2013

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Checking the Contents of the Package

After opening the package, check the following items before beginning use. If any of the contents are incorrect, missing, or appear to be abnormal, please contact your Yokogawa dealer or representative.

AQ6373 Main Unit

Check that the model and suffix code on the name plate on the rear of the instrument match those of your order. When contacting the dealer from which you purchased the instrument, please give them the instrument number.

MODEL Suffix Code Description

AQ6372 Optical Spectrum Analyzer AQ6373 Specification -10 Standard model

Power cord

-F VDE standard power cord (part no.: A1009WD),

-R

-Q

-H

Options /B5 1 Make sure that the attached power cord meets the designated standards of the country and

-D UL/CSA standard power cord (part no.: A1006WD),

AS standard power cord (part no.: A1024WD),

BS standard power cord (part no.: A1054WD),

GB standard power cord (complies with the CCC)

Built-in thermal printer

area that you are using it in.

maximum rated voltage: 125 V

maximum rated voltage: 250 V

(part no.: A1064WD), maximum rated voltage: 250 V

• No. (Instrument Number)

Please contact your nearest Yokogawa representative.

Accessories

Part Name Quantity

Power cord User's manual (CD) 1 Getting Start Guide 1 Rubber feet 2 pieces (1 A9088ZM sheet) Printer roll paper (with /B5 option) 1

1 Make sure that the attached power cord meets the designated standards of the country and

area that you are using it in.

Accessories (Sold Separately)

Part Name Model/Part Number Specifications

Printer roll paper B9988AE Lot size is 10 rolls, 10 meters each

Safety Precautions

This instrument is an IEC safety class I(provided with terminal for protective earth grounding). The general safety precautions described herein must be observed during all phases of operation. If the instrument is used in a manner not specified in this manual, the protection provided by the instrument may be impaired. Yokogawa Electric Corporation assumes no liability for the customer’s failure to comply with these requirements.

The following symbols are used on this instrument.

Danger, Refer to the user's manual.

This symbol appears on dangerous locations on the instrument which require special instructions for proper handling or use. The same symbol appears in the corresponding place in the manual to identify those instructions.

Alternating current

ON(power)

OFF(power)

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iii

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Safety Precautions

Failure to comply with the precautions below could lead to injury or death or

damage to the instrument.

WARNING

• Use the Instrument Only for Its Intended Purpose

The optical measuring instrument is designed to measure the optical

characteristics of light sources and evaluate their performance. Do not use this instrument for anything other than as an optical measuring instrument.

• Check the Physical Appearance

Do not use the instrument if there is a problem with its physical appearance.

• Use the Correct Power Supply

Before connecting the power cord, ensure that the source voltage matches the

rated supply voltage of the instrument and that it is within the maximum rated voltage of the provided power cord.

• Use the Correct Power Cord and Plug

To prevent the possibility of electric shock or fire, be sure to use the power cord

supplied by YOKOGAWA. The main power plug must be plugged into an outlet with a protective earth terminal. Do not disable this protection by using an extension cord without protective earth grounding.

Also, do not use the power cord that came with the instrument on any other

device.

• Connect the Protective Grounding T

Make sure to connect the protective earth to prevent electric shock before

turning ON the power. The power cord that comes with the instrument is a three-prong type power cord. Connect the power cord to a properly grounded three-prong outlet.

• Do not Impair the Protective Grounding

Never cut off the internal or external protective earth wire or disconnect the

wiring of the protective earth terminal. Doing so poses a potential shock hazerd.

• Do not Operate with Defective Protective Grounding or Fuse

Do not operate the instrument if the protective earth or fuse might be defective. Make sure to check them before operation.

• Reference light source output light

The instrument has a built-in reference light source for alignment adjustment,

and infrared light is always being output from the optical output connector. Never look into the optical output connector. Infrared light entering the eyes can cause severe injury and loss of vision.

• Do not Operate in an Explosive Atmosphere

Do not operate the instrument in the presence of flammable liquids or vapors. Operation in such environments constitutes a safety hazard.

• Do Not Remove the Covers or Disassemble or Alter the Instrument

Only qualified YOKOGAWA personnel may remove the covers and disassemble

or alter the instrument.

Opening the cover is dangerous, because some areas inside the instrument

have high voltages.

• Installation Location

• This instrument is designed to be used indoors. Do not install or use it outdoors.

• Install

the instrument so that you can immediately remove the power cord if an

abnormal or dangerous condition occurs.

erminal

• Laser Class 1

CLASS 1 LASER PRODUCT

Laser Class 1 Label

If the laser output is observed at a distance of 100mm or less from the laser beam emitting part by means of optical method (loupe, magnifying glass, microscope, etc.), this may cause eye unjury.

This instrument complies with “Class 1 laser product” defined in “IEC60825-1. Never look at the optical output connector or the top end of the optical fiber

connected to the optical output connector while the infrared light is being output.

If the infrared light output is observed at a distance of 100mm or less from the

infrared light emitting part by means of optical method (loupe, magnifying glass, microscope, etc.), this may cause eye injury However, if the infrared light enters your eye(s), this may cause eye injury and the eyesight to be ruined excessively.

Safety Precautions for Laser Products

This instrument uses a laser light source. This instrument is a Class 1 laser product as defined by IEC 60825-1 Safety of Laser Products-Part 1: Equipment Classification, Requirements and User’s Guide.

Safety Precautons

. The infrared light cannot be seen.

Class Laser Type Wavelength Maximum

Output Power

1 LED 850nm 0.1mW 50µm 0.275

Diameter of Mode Field

CAUTION

Operating Environment Limitations

This product is a Class A (for industrial environment) product. Operation of this product in a residential area may cause radio interference in which case the user is required to correct the interference.

Numerical Aperture

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Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment

Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE), Directive 2002/96/EC

(This directive is only valid in the EU.)

This product complies with the WEEE Directive (2002/96/EC) marking

requirement. This marking indicates that you must not discard this electrical/

electronic product in domestic household waste.

Product Category

With reference to the equipment types in the WEEE directive Annex 1, this

product is classified as a “Monitoring and Control instrumentation” product.

Do not dispose in domestic household waste. When disposing products in the EU,

contact your local Yokogawa Europe B. V. office.

Conventions Used in This Manual

Safety Markings

The following markings are used in this manual.

Improper handling or use can lead to injury to the user or damage to the instrument. This symbol appears on the instrument to indicate that the user must refer to the user's manual for special instructions. The same symbol appears in the corresponding place in the user's manual to identify those instructions. In the manual, the symbol is used in conjunction with the word “WARNING” or “CAUTION.”

WARNING

CAUTION

Note

Calls attention to actions or conditions that could cause serious or fatal injury to the user, and precautions that can be taken to prevent such occurrences.

Calls attentions to actions or conditions that could cause light injury to the user or damage to the instrument or user’s data, and precautions that can be taken to prevent such occurrences.

Calls attention to information that is important for proper operation of the instrument.

Notations Used on Pages Describing Operating Procedures

On pages that describe the operating procedures in Chapter 3 through 11, the following notations are used to distinguish the procedures from their explanations.

Procedure

This subsection contains the operating procedure used to carry out the function described in the current chapter. All procedures are written with inexperienced users in mind; experienced users may not need to carry out all the steps.

Unit

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Explanation

This subsection describes the setup parameters and the limitations on the procedures. It may not give a detailed explanation of the function. For a detailed explanation of the function, see chapter 2.

Notations Used in the Procedures

Panel Keys and Soft keys

Bold characters used in the procedural explanations indicate characters that are marked on the panel keys or the characters of the soft keys displayed on the screen menu.

k: Denotes “1000.” Example: 100kS/s K: Denotes “1024.” Example: 459KB (file data size)

vii

Flow of Operation

Preparing for Measurement

Setting Conditions and Measuring

Waveform Display

Installing the Instrument

Turning the Power ON/OFF

Auto Sweep Setting and Measurement

Other Settings

Waveform Display

Displaying Calculated Waveforms

Marker Display

Searching

Waveform Analysis

GO/NO-GO Judgment

Saving Display Data and Printing Out

Storage Media

Saving Data

Internal Printer(Optional)

Section 3.1

Section 3.3

Section 3.5

Section 5.1

Section 5.2 to 5.11

Section 6.1 to 6.4

Section 6.5

Section 6.8

Section 6.12

Section 7.1 to 7.9

Section 7.11

Section 8.1

Section 8.2 to 8.8

Section 4.6

Measurement Start (Sweep)

External Trigger Measurement

Smoothing

Section 5.12

Section 5.15

Section 5.17

Alignment Adjustment (Wavelength Calibration)

The figure below is provided to familarize the first-time user with the general flow of this instrument operation. For a description of each item, see the relevant section or chapter.

viii

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Contents

App

Index

Checking the Contents of the Package.............................................................................................ii

Safety Precautions ........................................................................................................................... iii

Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment .....................................................................................vi

Conventions Used in This Manual .................................................................................................. vii

Flow of Operation........................................................................................................................... viii

Chapter 1 Part Names and Functions

1.1 Front Panel ....................................................................................................................... 1-1

1.2 Rear Panel ....................................................................................................................... 1-2

1.3 Panel Keys and Knobs ..................................................................................................... 1-3

Chapter 2 Functions

Chapter 3 Preparing for Measurement

1.4 LCD Screen .......................................................................................................

2.1 System Structure .............................................................................................................. 2-1

2.2 Measurement ................................................................................................................... 2-2

2.3 W

2.4 Analysis ......................................................................................................

2.5 Other

3.1 Installing the Instrument ............................................................................................................................. 3-1

3.2 Connecting a Communication Interface ........................................................................... 3-3

3.3 Turning the Power ON/OFF ........................................................................................................................3-6

3.4 Connecting the DUT ........................................................................................................3-11

3.5 Alignment Adjustment ...............................................................................................................................3-13

3.6 Wavelength Calibration .................................................................................................. 3-15

3.7 Important Points During Measurement ........................................................................... 3-19

aveform Display ........................................................................................................... 2-7

.............................................................................................................................. 2-13

............... 1-6

.....................2-11

Chapter 4 Common Operations

4.1 Description of Soft Keys ................................................................................................... 4-1

4.2 Using the Mouse and External Keyboard ......................................................................... 4-3

4.3 Entering Numerical V

4.4 Screen Display ......................................................................................................

4.5 Setting the Date and

4.6 Printing Out Using the Internal Printer (Optional) ............................................................. 4-9

Chapter 5 Mesurement

5.1 Auto Measurement ........................................................................................................... 5-1

5.2 Horizontal/Vertical Axis Settings ....................................................................................... 5-2

5.3 Sub Scale ......................................................................................................

5.4 Setting the Reference Level ........................................................................................... 5-12

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5.5 Center W

5.6 Sweep Width Settings .................................................................................................... 5-21

5.7 W

5.8 Sampling Point/Interval Settings .................................................................................... 5-28

5.9 Sensitivity Settings ......................................................................................................

5.10 A

veraging Times Setting................................................................................................. 5-32

avelength (Center Frequency) Setting ............................................................ 5-16

avelength (Frequency) Resolution Settings ................................................................ 5-25

alues and Strings ............................................................................ 4-5

........... 4-7

Time ................................................................................................ 4-8

................... 5-8

... 5-30

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Contents

5.11 Trace Settings ................................................................................................................ 5-33

5.12 Measurement Start (Sweep) .......................................................................................... 5-35

5.13 Specifying

5.14 Pulse

5.15 External

5.16 T

5.17 Smoothing ......................................................................................................

5.18 Analog Out ..................................................................................................................... 5-45

rigger Output ................................................................................................................ 5-43

a Sweep Range ............................................................................................ 5-37

Light Measurement ............................................................................................... 5-38

Trigger Measurement ....................................................................................... 5-40

Chapter 6 Waveform Display

6.1 Zooming In/Out on Waveforms ......................................................................................... 6-1

6.2 Wavelength Updating/Fixing ............................................................................................. 6-8

6.3 MAX/MIN

6.4 Sweep

6.5 Displaying Calculated Waveforms .................................................................................. 6-13

6.6 Normalized

6.7 Curve

6.8 Marker

6.9 Displaying

6.10 Noise

6.11 Copying and Clearing Traces ......................................................................................... 6-40

6.12 Searching ......................................................................................................

HOLD Display ................................................................................................ 6-10

verage ...............................................................................................................6-11

Fitting .................................................................................................................. 6-19

Display ............................................................................................................... 6-25

a Split Screen ............................................................................................... 6-36

Mask ..................................................................................................................... 6-38

................

Display ....................................................................................................... 6-18

.................

5-44

6-42

Chapter 7 Analysis

7.1 Spectrum Width Measurement ......................................................................................... 7-1

7.2 Notch Width Measurement ............................................................................................... 7-4

7.3 SMSR

7.4 POWER

7.5 DFB-LD,

7.6 PMD

7.7 OSNR

7.8 Chromaticity coordinate analysis (COLOR analysis) ..................................................... 7-19

7.9 Optical

7.10 Measurement

7.11

7.12 Specifying

7.13 Correcting

Measurement ........................................................................................................ 7-6

Measurement ..................................................................................................... 7-8

FP-LD, and LED Measurement ......................................................................... 7-9

Measurement ........................................................................................................ 7-10

Analysis

Filter Characteristics Measurement ................................................................... 7-22

Go/No-Go Judgment (Template) .................................................................................... 7-29

(WDM Analysis) .................................................................................... 7-12

of Level Fluctuations in Single-Wavelength Light (0 nm Sweeping) ........ 7-26

an Analysis Range ........................................................................................ 7-41

Displayed Values .......................................................................................... 7-44

Chapter 8 Saving/Loading Data

8.1 USB Storage Media .......................................................................................................... 8-1

8.2 Temporarily Saving and Redisplaying Traces to and from Internal Memory .................... 8-2

8.3 Saving/Loading

8.4 Saving/Loading

8.5 Saving/Loading

8.6 Saving/Loading

8.7 Saving/Loading

8.8 Saving

8.9 Saving/Loading

8.10 Creating

Screen Image Data ............................................................................................ 8-47

Displayed Data ....................................................................................... 8-6

Displayed Data(All Trace) ..................................................................... 8-22

Setting Data .......................................................................................... 8-28

Analysis Results Data ........................................................................... 8-33

Program Data ....................................................................................... 8-41

Template Data....................................................................................... 8-51

Files ................................................................................................................. 8-57

Contents

App

Index

Chapter 9 Other Operations

9.1 Registering Soft keys ....................................................................................................... 9-1

9.2 Data Initialization .............................................................................................................. 9-2

9.3 Help ......................................................................................................

9.4 Registering and Loading Character Strings ................................................................... 9-15

9.5 Other

9.6 Displaying

Settings ................................................................................................................ 9-16

System Information ....................................................................................... 9-20

..........................

9-14

Chapter 10 Maintenance

10.1 Upgrading the Firmware ................................................................................................. 10-1

10.2 Mechanical Inspection .................................................................................................... 10-3

10.3 Operational

10.4 Inspection

10.5 Inspection

10.6 Replacing Fuses .............................................................................................................................................10-7

10.7 Daily Maintenance .......................................................................................................................................10-8

10.8 Care during Storage ....................................................................................................... 10-9

10.9 Recommended

10.10 W

arning Display Function ..............................................................................................10-11

Inspection ................................................................................................... 10-4

of Wavelength Accuracy ................................................................................ 10-5

of Level Accuracy .......................................................................................... 10-6

Replacement Parts ............................................................................. 10-10

Chapter 11 Specications

11.1 Specications ..................................................................................................................11-1

11.2 External Dimensions .......................................................................................................11-4

Appendix

Appendix 1 Data Calculation Algorithms for Spectrum Widths .............................................App-1

Appendix 2 Details of Each Analytical Functions ................................................................App-10

Appendix Appendix Appendix Appendix

3 Detailed Explanations of OSNR (WDM) Analysis Function .............................. App-17

4 Details of Optical Filter Analysis Function ........................................................ App-26

5 Soft Key Tree Diagram .....................................................................................App-31

6 END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT ............................................................... App-49

Index

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AQ6373

OPTICAL SPECTRUM ANALYZER

USB

POWER

FUNCTION

DATA ENTRY

CENTER

SWEEP

SPAN

LEVEL

ZOOM

SETUP

MARKER

DISPLAY

PEAK

TRACE

ANALYSIS

USER

MEMORY

FILE

SYSTEM

ADVANCE

PROGRAM

OREMOTE

UNDO/ LOCAL

HELP

COPY

FEED

COARSE

123

BACK SPASE

nm/ ENTER

m/ ENTER

OPTICAL INPUT

CALIBRATION OUTPUT

1 2

8 9

Chapter 1 Part Names and Functions

1.1 Front Panel

Front Panel

Part Names and Functions

No. Name Function

1 LCD display Displays measured waveform, measurement conditions,

measurement values, etc.

Soft key section Used to execute the functions assigned to the soft keys on

the right side of the LCD display

FUNCTION section Used to enter settings pertaining to all measurements

(sweep, measurement conditions, data analysis, and various functions)

DATA ENTRY section Used for measurement condition parameter input, label

input, etc.

POWER Used to start and shut down the instrument. 6 USB interface Used to connect USB storage media 7 UNDO/LOCAL See the following table(1.3 Panel keys and Knobs) 8 HELP Used to check the contents of the soft key menu displayed

on the screen.

COPY Used to make hard copies of the screen through the internal

printer (optional)

FEED Used to feed recording paper 11 OPTICAL INPUT Optical input connector 12 CALIBRATION OUTPUT Reference light source optical output connector used for

alignment adjustments

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1-1

1-2

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1.2 Rear Panel

TRIGGERINTRIGGER

OUT

ANALOG

OUT

SERIAL (

232

)

ETHERNET

10/100BASE

VIDEO

OUT

( SVGA

)

KBD

IB1

( IEEE488.1/488.2

)

IB2

( IEEE488.1

)

( FOR TLS,ETC.

)

WARNING

MAIN P OWER

ON OFF

100-240V AC 150VA

MAX

50/60Hz

FUSE

250VT5A

USB

Rear Panel

No. Name Function

1 GP-IB1 GP-IB port for controlling this unit through an external

GP-IB2 GP-IB port that allows this unit to serve as a system

SERIAL RS-232 interface 4 TRIGGER IN Trigger input 5 TRIGGER OUT Trigger output 6 ANALOG OUT Analog output 7 MAIN POWER Used to turn the main power ON/OFF 8 Power cord connector Connect the power cord to this connector 9 VIDEO OUT (SVGA) Analog RGB video signal (SVGA-compliant) interface 10 ETHERNET Ethernet Interface (10/100BASE-TX) 11 USB interface Used to connect USB storage media or USB mouse 12 KBD External keyboard interface (PS/2) 13 Exhaust holes

computer

controller on the GP-IB bus for controlling an external device

1.3 Panel Keys and Knobs

FUNCTION

CENTER

SWEEP

SPAN

LEVEL

ZOOM

SETUP

MARKER

DISPLAY

PEAK

TRACE

ANALYSIS

USER

MEMORY

FILE

SYSTEM

ADVANCE

PROGRAM

OREMOTE

UNDO/ LOCAL

HELP

COPY

FEED

FUNCTION Section

The FUNCTION section contains 17 function keys and 4 auxiliary keys. When you press a function key, information about the function is displayed on the soft key menu located on the right side of the LCD display.

SWEEP

The SWEEP key contains functions related to sweeping. When you press the SWEEP key, the soft key menu for sweeping appears.

CENTER

The CENTER key contains functions related to setting the center wavelength and center frequency for measurements. The soft key functions change depending on whether the screen display mode is wavelength display mode or frequency display mode.

SPAN

The SPAN key contains functions pertaining to settings for the wavelength span or frequency span being measured. The soft key functions change according to whether the screen display mode is wavelength display mode or frequency display mode.

Part Names and Functions

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LEVEL

The LEVEL key contains functions related to level axis settings.When you press the LEVEL key, the soft key menu for setting reference level appears.

SETUP

The SETUP key contains functions related to measurement condition settings.

ZOOM

The ZOOM key contains the zoom function, which allows the user to freely enlarge or reduce a measured waveform in order to check a small area of the measured waveform, or to check the overall waveform. This key is used to set the waveform enlarged/reduced display conditions.

DISPLAY

The DISPLAY key contains functions related to screen display.This key is used to set the screen to upper/lower 2-split display mode (split mode).

TRACE

The TRACE key contains functions related to trace mode settings.

MARKER

The MARKER key contains functions related to markers.

PEAK SEARCH

The PEAK SEARCH key contains functions for searching for peaks and bottoms in measured waveforms.

ANALYSIS

The ANALYSIS key contains functions related to measured waveform analysis.

1-3

1-4

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1.3 Panel keys and Knobs

MEMORY

The MEMORY key contains functions for writing the contents of the active trace to the unit’s internal memory. When you press the MEMORY key, the traces and memory list screen (soft key menu) are displayed. A memory number may be entered in the DATA ENTRY section, or selected using the rotary knob or arrow keys.

FILE

The FILE key contains functions for saving and loading waveform data, program data, and the like to and from USB storage media (USB memory/HDD).

PROGRAM

The PROGRAM key contains the soft keys related to program functions for controlling measurements through a program.

SYSTEM

The SYSTEM key contains system-related functions such as monochromator adjusting optical alignment, wavelength adjustment, hardware setup, and setting initialization.

ADVANCE

The ADVANCE key contains functions related to template function settings.

USER

Frequently used soft keys can be registered on the soft key menu in the USER key. Registering frequently used soft keys in the USER key allows you to execute frequently used functions in a small number of steps.

COPY/FEED

The COPY key is used to output the measurement screen to the internal printer or a file. When you press the COPY key, the measured waveforms and lists displayed on the screen are output to the internal printer or a file. The FEED key is used to feed printer paper. Paper feeding continues as long as you hold down the FEED key.

UNDO/LOCAL

The key's function changes depending on the status of the instrument when the UNDO/ LOCAL key is pressed. The following table shows the key's functions.

Status of Instrument Function

UNDO action is allowed If the UNDO key is pressed after changing parameter

During user key registration If the UNDO key is pressed during user key registration,

During remote control by external PC (Remote light is on)

settings, changing or deleting data, etc., the previous action (change, deletion, etc.) is canceled and the state preceding that action is restored.

registration mode is canceled and the soft key menu which appeared when the SYSTEM key was pressed is displayed again.

Changes the state from the remote state back to the local state. The remote light turns off.

HELP

When you press the HELP key, a soft key menu of the currently displayed screen is displayed explanations. Soft keys for selecting the “MORE INFO” which indicate additional information are displayed by some soft keys in HELP screen.

DATA ENTRY Section

DATA ENTRY

COARSE

BACK

SPASE

nm/

ENTER

This unit allows you to enter measurement conditions and various other parameters through the DATA ENTRY section. Three different entry methods can be used in the DATA ENTRY section, the rotary knob, the arrow keys, and the numeric keypad.

Rotary knob

When you press a soft key which has a parameter, the current setting is displayed in the parameter entry window. Turning the rotary knob raises or lowers the numeric value shown in the parameter entry window (turn clockwise to increase and counterclockwise to decrease), and the internal setting changes at the same time. Note that if the COARSE key is on (lamp on), the numeric value increase/decrease step will be larger.

Arrow keys (▲, ▼)

Pressing the ▲ key has the same effect as turning the rotary knob clockwise. Likewise, pressing the ▼ key has the same effect as turning the rotary knob counterclockwise.

Holding an arrow key down for 0.5 second or longer activates auto-repeat. If the multi-marker function has been selected, the arrow keys can be used to scroll the marker value display in the data area.

COARSE Key

You can raise the digit of settings being entered or the increase/decrease step for numerical values. Each time you press this key the setting toggles between ON and OFF. When ON, the lamp lights.

1.3 Panel keys and Knobs

Part Names and Functions

Numeric keypad

You can enter numerical values directly into the parameter input window by pressing keys of the numeric keypad. After you have pressed a parameter soft key to display the current setting in the parameter display area, you can press a numeric keypad key to display the numeric keypad input area including the entered numeric value. If the value entered with the numeric keypad is not in the allowed value range, the nearest allowed value will be set.

μm/ENTER Key and nm/ENTER Key

Enters values input using the numeric keypad or the parameter input window. Use one or the other key if entering a parameter value with a particular unit.

If a parameter does not have a unit associated with it, you can use either the μm/ENTER

key or the nm/ENTER key.

BACK SPACE Key

Use this key if you make an error when inputting values with the numeric keypad. The last entered (right-most) character is removed, allowing entry of the correct character. By holding the BACK SPACE key down, you can erase the entire entry in the numeric keypad input area and make the numeric keypad input area disappear, returning it to the condition preceding numeric keypad input.

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1-5

1-6

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1.4 LCD Screen

14 15

No. Function

1 Data area 2 Measurement conditions area

3 4 Displays level axis scale per DIV

5 resolution are inappropriate.)

6 Displays reference level 7 Label area (56 characters) 8 Displays wavelength resolution 9 Displays measurement sensitivity 10 Displays averaging times 11 Displays the number of measurement samples 12 Displays date and time 13 Displays each trace status

14 15 Displays the statuses of main settings (When a setting is ON, its display is depressed, or

Displays wavelength axis scale per DIV 17 Displays sweep status (RPT=Repeat; SGL=Single; STP=Stop) 18 Displays soft key menu (Displays markers and data analysis results.)

(Displayed when any of the measurement conditions are changed.)

(Displayed when the settings for span, the number of sampling points, and the

is displayed with white on black background if the display colors are black and white.)

(Only displayed when ZOOM function is used)

19 Parameter display area 20 Parameter input area 21 OVERVIEW display screen (Only displayed when ZOOM function is used.) 22 Displays sub-scale .

1.4 LCD Screen

Part Names and Functions

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Chapter 2 Functions

AQ6373

OPTICAL SPECTRUM ANALYZER

USB

POWER

FUNCTION

DATA ENTRY

CENTER

SWEEP

SPAN

LEVEL

ZOOM

SETUP

MARKER

DISPLAY

PEAK SEARCH

TRACE

ANALYSIS

USER

MEMORY

FILE

SYSTEM

ADVANCE

PROGRAM

OREMOTE

UNDO/ LOCAL

HELP

COPY

FEED

COARSE

123

BACK SPASE

nm/ ENTER

m/ ENTER

OPTICALI NPUT

CALIBRATION OUTPUT

Splitter cable

PS/2 mouse

PS/2 keyboard

Control target Control target

GP-IB2 interface

GP-IB1 interface RS-232 interface Ethernet interface

Built-in printer (optional)

Video signal output trigger output

USB mouse

USB storage medium

USB 101 keyboard

Analog output

External trigger input

USB mouse

USB keyboard

USB storage medium

2.1 System Structure

System Structure

Functions

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2.2 Measurement

Alignment Adjustment <<See section 3.5 for the operating procedure>>

This function allows adjustment of the optical axis of the instrument’s built-in monochromator (spectroscope). The instrument’s optical performance is not guaranteed until the alignment adjustment function has been executed. Failure to perform this adjustment can result in distortion of measured waveforms. Always perform alignment adjustment the first time you use the instrument, if the instrument was vibrated when being moved, or if the temperature in the operating environment has changed. Perform the alignment adjustment after a one-hour warm-up.

Wavelength Calibration <<See section 3.6 for the operating procedure>>

Wavelength calibration can be performed using an external light source.

Auto Measurement <<See section 5.1 for the operating procedure>>

This function automatically sets the optimal measuring conditions for the input light and displays the spectrum waveform. This function is useful when the characteristics of the input light are not well known. The wavelength range of input light that can be auto-measured is 350–1200 nm. The measurement conditions that are set automatically are as follows.

Span (SP

2. Center wavelength (CENTER)

3. Reference level (REF LEVEL)

4. Resolution (RESOLUTION) Other measuring conditions (sensitivity, averaging times, number of sampling points, and interval settings) are set to their defaults. The horizontal and vertical axes of the displayed spectrum waveform are zoomed to an appropriate degree.

AN)

Single Sweep <<See section 5.12 for the operating procedure>>

This function executes a single sweep operation.

Repeat Sweep <<See section 5.12 for the operating procedure>>

This function performs repeat sweeping operation. It enables repeated, real-time measurement of waveforms.

Marker-to-marker sweep <<See section 5.13 for the operating procedure>>

This function enables sweeping between two specified waveform line markers. You can sweep an arbitrary interval on screen.

Segment Measurement <<See section 5.12 for the operating procedure>>

This function allows you to divide up items to be measured in units of previously specified segments. Allows measurement delimited by segments (portions).

Smoothing <<See section 5.17 for the operating procedure>>

This function attenuates the noise in the measured waveform. By using the Smoothing function, areas on the waveform with a large amount of noise can be “smoothed out” when measured.

2.2 Measurement

One-Action Keys <<See section 5.4 to 5.6 for the operating procedure>>

This is the general name for a key that uses data from the active trace waveform (the currently displayed waveform) to set measurement conditions. Setting conditions requires that a waveform is displayed for the active trace.

One-Action Key Name Description

PEAK → REF LEVEL Sets the peak level of the measured waveform of the active trace

as the reference level.

MARKER→ REF LEVEL Sets the moving marker level as the refere

PEAK→CENTER Sets the peak wavelength or the peak frequency of the active

MEAN WL→CENTER

VIEW→MEAS

MARKER →CENTER

Δλ→SPAN

MKR L1-L2 →SPAN PEAK→ZOOM CTR

MARKER →ZOOM CTR Sets the wavelength of the moving marker to center wavelength or

MKR L1-L2 →ZOOM SPAN

Sets the currently displayed ZOOM scale as the measurement

Sets the sweep width as six times the RMS 20 dB width of the

Sets spacing between line markers 1 and 2 for sweep width.

trace measurement waveform to center wavelength or center frequency.

Sets THRESH 3 dB center wavelength or center frequency of the

active trace measured waveform to center wavelength or center frequency.

scale (CENTER, START, STOP, SPAN) for the next sweep.

Sets the wavelength of the moving marker to center wavelength or

center frequency.

active trace measurement waveform.

Sets the peak wavelength of the active trace measurement waveform to center wavelength or center frequency of zoom display.

center frequency of zoom display.

Sets spacing between line markers 1 and 2 for sweep width of

zoom display.

nce level.

Functions

Switching between Vacuum Wavelength and Air Wavelength

<<See section 5.2 for the operating procedure>>

This function switches the measured wavelength to either a vacuum wavelength or an air wavelength. Measurement can be performed in either air or vacuum wavelength mode.

Switching between Wavelength and Frequency

<<See section 5.2 for the operating procedure>>

This function switches the horizontal axis display to wavelength or frequency. You can display either the wavelengths or frequencies of marker values and analysis results.

Averaging <<See section 5.10 for the operating procedure>>

This function performs multiple measurements and displays the average values. The function is used in cases such as: when the light source’s level is fluctuating; when measuring a modulated signal of several kHz or less; when the waveform is disrupted and difficult to measure; when it is necessary to obtain even higher measurement sensitivity.

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2.2 Measurement

Power Density Display <<See section 5.2 for the operating procedure>>

The power per 1 nm is called the power density. The level axis of the AQ6373 indicates the absolute power per wavelength resolution. For example, if the resolution is set to 0.1 nm, the power per 0.1 nm will be displayed.

Since the optical spectrum of such devices as a gas laser or a laser diode is narrower than the wavelength resolution of the instrument, the entire power is accommodated within the band of a resolution. Therefore, the measured power (peak level) is equal to the total power of the light source. This instrument has been calibrated to display accurate power under such conditions.

On the other hand, natural light or lights such as fluorescent lamps or LEDs, have, in many cases, optical spectrums wider than the wavelength resolution set for the instrument. Therefore, if the instrument measures these lights, measured power will vary, depending on the resolution setting.

In order to deal with this issue, the instrument is equipped with the dBm dBm/nm soft key

to allow the level axis displays to switch from the absolute power (dBm, mW, μW pW) per resolution to power density (dBm/nm, mW/nm, μW/nm, nW/nm, pW/nm).

In the case of power density displays, a measured value is converted to power per 1 nm. Therefore, whatever resolution is used for measurement, certain measured values will always be available. For information on the use of dBm and dBm/nm, see “Power Density Display” in section

5.2, “Horizontal/Vertical Axis Settings.”

, nW

Note

Specifications such as level accuracy, measurement level range, and level linearity of the instrument are provided for the absolute power display.

Pulse Light Measurement <<See section 5.14 and 5.15 for the operating

procedure>>

The following three methods are available for measuring pulse light.

• Measurement using Peak hold mode

• Measurement as a time average spectrum .

• Measurement using External trigger mode.

2.2 Measurement

External Trigger Measurement <<See section 5.15 for the operating procedure>>

This function performs measurement in synchronization with an external trigger signal. The SMPL TRG IN terminal is an input terminal on the TTL level and in positive/ negative logic (which can be set by the <EXT TRIGGER SETTING> key). The SMPL TRG IN terminal is an input terminal for TTL level, positive/negative logic signals. The measurement points (wavelength/frequency) are incremented each time edges of input external trigger signals are detected. Thus, sweeping stops when a number of external trigger signals equaling the specified number of sampling points is input. (However, when the REPEAT sweep is performed, the sweep will be repeated until the STOP key is pressed or until trigger signals are no longer input.) The delay time (from the time when a trigger signal is detected until the time when the sampling is performed) specific to the instrument is about 20 µs. Supply the trigger signal at a timing appropriate for the measurement sensitivity. An optional delay time can be set to this specific delay time. With the DELAY key of the EXT TRIGGER SETTING key, the 0.0 µs to 1000.0 µs range can be set in units of 0.1 µs. Note that after the measurement points are set, input trigger signals during the movement to the next measurement point are ignored. The time varies depending on the measurement wavelength band and the number of sampling points (sampling intervals). Since the SMPL TRG IN terminal is pulled up internally, it can be set to the HIGH level while it is in the open state and to the LOW level while it is in the GND short state.

Functions

Sweep Trigger <<See section 5.15 for the operating procedure>>

This function performs a single sweep measurement based on an externally input trigger signal. The instrument starts a single sweep measurement by allowing sweep trigger signals on the TTL level and in negative logic to enter the TRGGER IN terminal at the back of the instrument. The signal logic of the sweep trigger input signals is fixed to negative logic, which cannot be changed. The pulse width of sweep trigger signals must be 5 ms or more. The action when entering a sweep trigger is the same as that for the SWEEP key or SINGLE key. The sweep trigger function detects sweep trigger signals by polling in certain cycles. Thus, the time after a sweep trigger signal is input until the sweep starts will fluctuate in the range of 5 ms.

Trigger Output <<See section 5.16 for the operating procedure>>

This function outputs trigger signals from the trigger output terminal on the rear panel of the instrument (only during sweeping).

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2.2 Measurement

Analog Out <<See section 5.18 for the operating procedure>>

An analog voltage is output from the ANALOG OUT terminal on the rear panel of the main unit according to the input light. The temporal changes in the input light can be measured by an oscilloscope. However, to enable this output, the sensitivity setting must be NORM/HOLD. When set to NORM/HOLD, the RANGE is switched relative to the REF LEVEL without implementing the AUTORANGE function. Therefore, if the level of the input light is high, the output voltage level is saturated. The saturation level and noise level varies depending on the REF level. The table below shows the relationship between the REF level and the saturation level.

REF LEVEL(dBm or dBm/nm) Saturation Level * (dBm)

REF > 0 23 dBm or more 0 < = REF > -10 13 dBm or more

-10 < = REF > -20 3 dBm or more

-20 < = REF > -30 -7 dBm or more

-30 < = REF -17 dBm or more

* At wavelength 700 to 900 nm

ANALOG OUT Output Specifications

Output saturation voltage +6 V or more Offset voltage (including noise) ±5 mVp-p Bandwidth 10 kHz or more Load 1 kΩ or more

Correcting the Wavelength Resolution

<<See section 5.7 for the operating procedure>>

Since the wavelength resolution function is set according to the monochromator slit width, the setting resolution and actual resolution may not match. For this instrument, if the resolution is set to 0.1 nm, the actual resolution will be 0.1 nm for a 450 nm wavelength, and 0.07 nm for a 850 nm wavelength. If the Resolution Correction function is turned ON, measured data is processed by the software so that it matches the set resolution. The Resolution Correction function is available when the resolution is set between 0.1nm and 10.0 nm. The Resolution Correction function is only available when the horizontal axis is in wavelength mode. It cannot be used in Frequency mode.

2.3 Waveform Display

Zoom <<See section 6.1 for the operating procedure>>

This function allows you to zoom freely in and out on measured waveforms. You can easily zoom an area simply by selecting it with the mouse. Drag the mouse over an area of the displayed waveform to zoom in on the area. ZOOMING is displayed at the bottom of the screen to indicate that the screen is displaying a zoomed area. You can also zoom in and out with key operations.

Overview <<See section 6.1 for the operating procedure>>

This function displays an overview window at the very bottom of the waveform display area. The overview window is displayed when the waveform display is enlarged or reduced using the zoom function. (Only displayed when a zoom is performed.) You can easily check which part of the measured waveform is zoomed. The overview window can be shown or hidden, and you can change its position and size.

Trace <<See section 5.11 for the operating procedure>>

A trace shows a waveform and measurement conditions. The instrument has a total of seven independent traces (A through G). Multiple traces can be displayed at the same time on the waveform screen. In addition, display ON/OFF and mode settings can be set separately for each trace.

Functions

Traces can be set to the following modes.

The following explains each of the modes.

WRITE Mode

Waveform data are written during sweeping. When a trace is set to WRITE mode, waveform data are written during measurement, and the data are updated. Traces used in measurements are normally set to WRITE mode. The trace display at the side of the data area changes to “WRITE.”

FIX Mode

Fixes the data; does not write waveform data. When a trace is set to FIX mode, its waveform data are not overwritten even when measurement is performed. Therefore, the waveform on the screen is not overwritten. If you want to fix the waveform data of a trace, set the trace to FIX mode. The trace display at the side of the data area changes to “FIX.”

•

WRITE mode

• FIX mode Section 6.2

• MAX/MIN HOLD mode Section 6.3

• ROLL AVG mode Section 6.4

• CALCULATE mode Section 6.5

Section 6.2

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2.3 Waveform Display

MAX/MIN HOLD Mode (Maximum/Minimum Value Detection Mode)

ROLL AVG Mode (Rolling Average Mode)

CALCULATE Mode (Calculation Results Display)

Writes the maximum/minimum values of the waveform data for each sweep. When a trace is set to MAX/MIN HOLD mode, each time a sweep is performed, the data at the individual measurement points are compared with prior measurements, and the measurement with the higher level (MAX HOLD) or lower level (MIN HOLD) is written. If you want to measure the maximum or minimum value of a waveform which changes each time a sweep is performed, set the trace you want to measure to MAX/MIN HOLD mode and perform REPEAT sweeping. The trace display at the side of the data area appears as “MAX HOLD” or “MIN HOLD”. Note that the NOISE MASK soft key setting applies when a waveform is displayed, and is not affected when a maximum or minimum value is detected.

Writes the rolling average values of the waveform data during each sweep. When a trace is set to ROLL AVG mode, each time measurement is performed the rolling average of the current measurement and past measurements is calculated, and the measurement data are updated. The number of averagings is set in the range of 2 to

100. The trace display at the side of the data area changes to “ROLL AVG”.

Writes the results of calculations performed between data from different traces. When a trace is set to CALCULATE mode, subtraction between data from different traces, normalized display, or curve-fit display is performed according to the set CALCULATE mode. Note that CALCULATE mode can only be set for traces C, F, and G. Also, the available calculations vary from trace to trace. For more information, see chapter 6.

Normalized Display Function <<See section 6.6 for the operating procedure>>

This function is one of the trace CALCULATE modes. It normalizes and displays the trace data. With normalized display, normalization is performed and the waveform is displayed with the waveform peak set to 1 if the sub-scale is linear, or set to 0 dB if the sub-scale is LOG. One trace can be normalized, either trace A, B, or C. If both traces selected for calculation are set to “BLANK”, then the sub-scale is displayed on the left side of the screen. Otherwise it is displayed on the right side. The calculation results are displayed in the sub-scale. The trace display at the side of the data area changes to “NORM @”.

Curve Fit <<See section 6.7 for the operating procedure>>

Makes an approximation of the specified trace waveform. The result is written to TRACE G. Calculations are applied to data from the peak to the threshold value. The threshold value is set in the range of 0 to 99 dB (steps of 1). The trace display at the side of the data area changes to “CRV FIT @.”

Peak Curve Fit <<See section 6.7 for the operating procedure>>

Makes an approximation of the specified trace waveform. The result is written to TRACE G. Calculations are applied to mode peaks at or above the threshold value. The threshold value is set in the range of 0 to 99 dB (steps of 1). The trace display at the side of the data area changes to “PKCVFIT @”.

2.3 Waveform Display

Marker Functions <<See section 6.8 for the operating procedure>>

Marker functions can be used to easily measure wavelength differences and level differences, and to search for peak wavelengths, peak levels, and spectrum widths. There are markers and line markers.

Markers

A total of 1025 markers (one moving marker and 1024 fixed markers) are provided. Moving markers can be moved to an arbitrary wavelength using the rotary knob, arrow keys, or numeric key pad. You can also drag the markers with the mouse. Moving markers can be moved over a waveform to display the marker values (wavelength and level value) in the data area. If a moving marker is fixed in an arbitrary position, it changes to a fixed marker. Fixed markers are markers fixed to a number on which the moving marker was set. Fixed markers are assigned marker numbers in order starting from 001. You can enter an arbitrary number using the rotary knob, arrow keys, or numeric key pad. A number up to 1024 can be set. When multiple fixed markers are set, it is possible to display wavelength differences and level differences between a given marker and adjacent markers.

Line Markers

There are four line markers––two wavelength line markers and two level line markers. Wavelength line markers show wavelength and wavelength difference, and level line markers show level values and level difference. Also, you can use line markers to specify a sweep or analysis range.

Displaying Wavelength Difference and Level Difference

This function places a fixed marker and measures the wavelength difference and level difference compared to a moving marker.

Functions

Note

For details, see the explanation in section 6.8, “Displaying Markers.”

Displaying Line Markers

When line markers are displayed, the marker values are shown in the upper left part of the waveform area. When both wavelength line markers 1 and 2 are displayed, or both level line markers 3 and 4 are displayed, the wavelength difference (L2-L1) or level difference (L4-L3) is shown below the marker values.

Note

For details, see the explanation in section 6.8, “Displaying Markers.”

Split Display <<See section 6.9 for the operating procedure>>

You can split the screen into an upper and lower display (SPLIT mode). You can assign trace waveforms to either the upper or lower split. TRACE A UP/LOW This function is used to set whether to put trace A on top or on bottom during upper/lower split display. If you select UP, it is assigned to the top. (Default) If you select LOW, it is assigned to the bottom. You can set trace B to G in the same manner as when setting trace A.

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2.3 Waveform Display

Noise Mask <<See section 6.10 for the operating procedure>>

This key is used to display a waveform so that parts of the waveform at or below the set value are masked. In addition, when a noise mask value is set, the waveform is overwritten in real time. When you press the NOISE MASK soft key, the current noise mask value is displayed in the noise mask value setting screen. The allowed settings for the noise mask setting are OFF (-210 dBm), and the range from -100 to 0 dBm (fine: in steps of 1; coarse: in steps of 10).

Peak/Bottom Search <<See section 6.12 for the operating procedure>>

Sets a moving marker at the waveform peak (maximum level value) or bottom (minimum level value), and displays that value. You can also search for the next peak or bottom. There is also an auto search function that automatically performs peak/bottom searches each time sweeping is performed. It is very useful for purposes such as observing peak/ bottom level changes during repeat sweeping.

+ 328 hidden pages

YOKOGAWA AQ6373 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Checking the Contents of the Package

Safety Precautions

Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment

Conventions Used in This Manual

Flow of Operation

Chapter 1 Part Names and Functions

1.1 Front Panel

1.2 Rear Panel

1.3 Panel Keys and Knobs

1.4 LCD Screen

Chapter 2 Functions

2.1 System Structure

2.2 Measurement

2.3 Waveform Display