YAMAHA YMU757B Datasheet
YMU757B
MA-1C
Outline
The YMU75B is a high quality melody LSI for cellular phone handsets, supporting the data format for various
applications including ringing and holding melody sounds. The built-in Yamaha's original FM synthesizer can create
various timbres, and its built-in sequencer can produce up to 4 different sounds with 4 different timbres simultaneously
without placing a load to the controller.
The serial port controller interface enables real time reproduction of the melody data via FIFO, without the limitation of
the data capacity.
With a built-in amplifier to drive the dynamic type speaker, it is possible to connect the speaker directly.
This LSI also has an analog-output terminal for the phone jack. In the stand-by mode, the power consumption
can be reduced to 1
Features
A or less while waiting.
µ
YAMAHA's original FM sound generator function
Built-in sequencer
Capable of producing up to 4 different sounds simultaneously (4 independent timbres available).
Built-in output 400mW speaker amplifier
Built-in circuit for sound quality correcting equalizer
Built-in serial interface
2.688, 8.4, 12.6, 14.4, 19.2, 19.68, 19.8 and 27.82 MHz serial clock inputs support
And support the mode which set to optional frequency from 2.685MHz to 27.853MHz at 55.93kHz intervals
Analog output for ear phone
Power down mode (Typ 1µA or less)
Power supply voltage (Digital and Analog): 3.0V±10 %
20-pin QFN
YAMAHA CORPORATION
CATALOG No.:LSI-4MU757B2
YMU757B CATALOG
2000.4
YMU757B
Contents
• General description of YMU757B.…
• Block description……..
• Pin configuration…..
• Pin description….
• Block diagram…..
• Register map…….
• Explanation of registers….
Musical score data...
Timbre data……….
Other control data………
• Power-down control division diagram……
• Explanation of each bit..…...
• Resetting………………………………………..….
• Settings & procedure required to generate melody………………
• Settings of clock frequency………………………………………
• Interrupt sequence...…..……
• State transition description..……...
• Operation in FIFO empty state...
• Reproduction method assuming occurrence of empty state…
• Example of system connection...
• One sound and volume level adjustment in 4 sound pronunciation.…
• Sound quality correction circuit.
• Serial interface specifications.…
• Electrical characteristics….…
• General description of FM sound generator.…
• External dimensions……..
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YMU757B
General description of YMU757B
The YMU757B is controlled by way of the serial interface.
Shown below is its internal configuration.
SDIN
SYNC
SCLK
/IRQ
Serial
interface
Musical score
data
FIFO
32word
Volu me, p ower manage ment , et c.
Timbre Dat a
Tempo
START/STOP
Timbre allo tmen t
Sequencer
Timbre
register
FM
Synthesizer
D/A +
Volume
AMP
When the data is inputted into the serial interface, it is converted into the parallel data and transmitted to each
function block according to the index address.
The musical score data is stored in the 32-word FIFO first and then transmitted to the sequencer where it is interpreted
and signals to control sound generation of the FM synthesizer is output.
The timbre register is where up to 8 timber data can be stored.
Also, as the sequencer controlling parameters, the start/stop and tempo signals are provided.
In order to have sound generated, the following processes must be performed for this LSI.
1) Initial status setting (cancellation of power-down function, clock selection, etc.)
2) Timbre data setting
3) Writing the musical score data in FIFO before starting the sequence
4) Writing the next musical score data before FIFO becomes empty upon receipt of the interrupt signal from
FIFO during reproduction,.
(For the details, refer to "Settings & procedure required to generate melody".)
HPOUT
SPOUT
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YMU757B
Block description
1) Serial interface
When the serial interface receives the serial data, it identifies the index data and transmits the control data to each
function block.
2) FIFO
The musical score data are stored temporarily in FIFO which can contain up to 32 musical score data. The musical
score data are processed are processed in the sequencer when they are generated as sounds and those that have been
processed are deleted one after another. When the remaining data amount in FIFO reaches the register setting (IRQ
point) or less, it outputs an interrupt signal to ask for the continuing musical score data to be fed.
3) Sequencer
When the sequencer receives the START command, it starts to read the musical score data which have been stored in
FIFO. The processed musical score data are deleted.
4) Timbre register (Index 10h~2Fh)
The timbre data are stored in this register which can contain up to 8 timbres. Settings for this register must be made
before sound generation. Though it is initialized by hardware resetting, contents of a register aren't cleared, and the
value which had light last time is held as for the following.
• Software reset (CLR bit of Index32h)
• After the inside of the power going down mode and a release.
5) FM synthesizer
The timbres are synthesized and generated according to settings. Four sounds can be generated at the same time.
6) D/A, volume and amplifier
The outputs from the synthesizer are D/A converted and volume processed. After that, they are output from the
speaker or the earphone out terminal.
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YMU757B
Pin configuration
/TESTI
/RST
TESTO
CLK_I
SDIN
/IRQ
15 14 13 12 11
16
17
18
19
20
1 2 3 4 5
SYNC
20 Pin QFN Top View
SPOUT1
SPOUT2
DVDD
DVSS
10
9
8
7
6
SPVSS
AVDD
EQ3
EQ2
EQ1
AVSS
SCLK
VREF
HPOUT
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YMU757B
Pin description
No. Pin I/O Function
1 SYNC I
2 SCLK Ish
3 AVSS -
4 VREF A
5 HPOUT AO
6 EQ1 AO
7 EQ2 AI
8 EQ3 AO
9 AVDD -
10 SPVSS 11 SPOUT1 AO
12 SPOUT2 AO
13 DVSS -
14 DVDD -
15 /IRQ O
16 /TESTI I
17 /RST I
18 TESTO O
19 CLK_I Ish
20 SDIN I
Note : Ish = Schmitt input terminal AI = Analog input terminal A0 = Analog output terminal
Serial I/F synchronous signal input
Serial I/F bit cloc k input
Analog ground
Analog reference voltage termi nal Connect 0.1µF capacitor between
this terminal and the analog ground terminal .
Analog output terminal for ear phone
Equalizer terminal 1
Equalizer terminal 2
Equalizer terminal 3
Analog power supply (+3.0V)
Connect 0.1
analog ground terminal
Analog ground exclusively used for speaker
Speaker output terminal 1
Speaker output terminal 2
Digital ground
Digital power supply (+3.0V)
Connect 0.1µF and 4.7µF capacitors between this terminal and
the digital ground terminal.
Interrupt signal output
LSI test input term i nal (Always connect wit h DV DD.)
Hardware reset terminal
LSI TEST output terminal (di sconnected)
Clock input terminal
Serial I/F data input
µ
F and 4.7µF capacitors between this terminal and the
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YMU757B
Block diagram
AVDD
DVDD
DVSS
CLK_I
HPOU
AVSS
SCLK
SYNC
Control
Power down
Serial
Register
SDIN
I/F
FIFO
16b x 32w
/IRQ
/RST
Timing Generator
4Sound signals generated
Sequencer
FM
Synthesizer
simultaneously
HPVOL
32step
DAC
VREF
FMVOL
32step
SPVOL
32step
VREF
AMP
+
-
EQ1
EQ2
EQ3
SPOUT
SPOUT
VREF
SPVSS
Concerning AIN signal inputted into equalizer circuit
As this design presupposes the use of this LSI for the "hands-free", it is possible to process the FM sound and call sound by
analog mixing in the equalizer circuit and output the resulting sound through the speaker.
AIN *
CR circuit EQ
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YMU757B
Register map
Index b15 b14 b13 b12 b11 b10 b9 b8 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 Description
BL1 BL0 NT3 NT2 NT1 NT0 CH1 CH0 VIB TI3 TI2 TI1 TI0 TK2 TK1 TK0 Note data $00h
0 0 1 1 0 0 CH1 CH0
ML2 ML1 ML0 VIB EGT SUS RR3 RR2 RR1 RR0 DR3 DR2 DR1 DR0 AR3 AR2 $10 - 2Fh
AR1 AR0 SL3 SL2 SL1 SL0 TL5 TL4 TL3 TL2 TL1 TL0
$30h 0 V32 V31 V30 0 V22 V21 V20 0 V12 V11 V10 0 V02 V01 V00
$31h 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 T7 T6 T5 T4 T3 T2 T1 T0 Tempo data
$32h 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CLR ST FM Control
$33h 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CLKSEL CLK_I select
$34h 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
$35h 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V4 V3 V2 V1 V0 Speaker Volume
$36h 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V4 V3 V2 V1 V0 FM Volume
$37h 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V4 V3 V2 V1 V0 HPOUT Volume
$38h 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 AP4 AP3 AP2 AP1 DP Power Management
$39h 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CLKSET CLK_I Select
$40 - EFh Reserved (access prohibi t ed) Reserved
$F0 - FFh For LSI TEST(access prohi bi ted) LSI TEST
TI3 TI2 TI1 TI0
VCHE
IRQE
VCH2 VCH1 VCH0
FL2 FL1 FL0
WAV
IRQ Point IRQ Control
Rest data
Timbre data (Left data
for 1 timbre)
Timbre allotment data
Note : Making an access to the spaces marked "Reserved" and "For LSI TEST" in the above table is prohibited.
Be sure to write "0" for the empty bit, although writing "1" there will not affect the LSI operation.
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YMU757B
Explanation of registers
The YMU757B has three types of control registers. They are musical score data, timbre data and other control data.
Musical score data
$00h Musical score data
The musical score data are written in FIFO whose capacity is 32 words. There are two types of musical score
data; note data and rest data.
Note data
Index
$00h
Default: 0000h
B15 b14 b13 b12 b11 b10 b9 b8 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
BL1 BL0 NT3 NT2 NT1 NT0 CH1 CH0 VIB TI3 TI2 TI1 TI0 TK2 TK1 TK0
BL1 – BL0 : Octave block setting
Three octave blocks are available for sound range setting. The setting range is 1 to 3. Do not use "0" for setting.
The sound generation range involves the coefficient named "Multiple (multiplying factor for sound frequency).
By combining the octave block and Multiple settings, sounds can be generated in the ranges as listed in the table blow.
Since the setting ranges of "Multiple" coefficient is 0 to 7, actually, sounds can be generated in a wider ranges than
those given in the table below.
Multiple = 1 (x1) Multiple = 2 (x2) Multiple = 4 (x4)
BL[1:0] = 01b
BL[1:0] = 10b
BL[1:0] = 11b
C#3 (139Hz)
D3 (147Hz)
D#3 (156Hz)
E3 (165Hz)
F3 (175Hz)
F#3 (185Hz)
G3 (196Hz)
G#3 (208Hz)
A3 (220Hz)
A#3 (233Hz)
B3 (247Hz)
C4 (262Hz)
C#4 (277Hz)
D4 (294Hz)
D#4 (311Hz)
E4 (330Hz)
F4 (349Hz)
F#4 (370Hz)
G4 (392Hz)
G#4 (415Hz)
A4 (440Hz)
A#4 (466Hz)
B4 (494Hz)
C5 (523Hz)
C#5 (554Hz)
D5 (587Hz)
D#5 (622Hz)
E5 (659Hz)
F5 (698Hz)
F#5 (740Hz)
G5 (784Hz)
C#4 (277Hz)
D4 (294Hz)
D#4 (311Hz)
E4 (330Hz)
F4 (349Hz)
F#4 (370Hz)
G4 (392Hz)
G#4 (415Hz)
A4 (440Hz)
A#4 (466Hz)
B4 (494Hz)
C5 (523Hz)
C#5 (554Hz)
D5 (587Hz)
D#5 (622Hz)
E5 (659Hz)
F5 (698Hz)
F#5 (740Hz)
G5 (784Hz)
G#5 (831Hz)
A5 (880Hz)
A#5 (932Hz)
B5 (988Hz)
C6 (1046Hz)
C#6 (1109Hz)
D6 (1175Hz)
D#6 (1245Hz)
E6 (1319Hz)
F6 (1397Hz)
F#6 (1480Hz)
G6 (1568Hz)
C#5 (554Hz)
D5 (587Hz)
D#5 (622Hz)
E5 (659Hz)
F5 (698Hz)
F#5 (740Hz)
G5 (784Hz)
G#5 (831Hz)
A5 (880Hz)
A#5 (932Hz)
B5 (988Hz)
C6 (1046Hz)
C#6 (1109Hz)
D6 (1175Hz)
D#6 (1245Hz)
E6 (1319Hz)
F6 (1397Hz)
F#6 (1480Hz)
G6 (1568Hz)
G#6 (1661Hz)
A6 (1760Hz)
A#6 (1865Hz)
B6 (1976Hz)
C7 (2093Hz)
C#7 (2217Hz)
D7 (2349Hz)
D#7 (2489Hz)
E7 (2637Hz)
F7 (2794Hz)
F#7 (2960Hz)
G7 (3136Hz)
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YMU757B
G#5 (831Hz)
A5 (880Hz)
A#5 (932Hz)
B5 (988Hz)
C6 (1046Hz)
G#6 (1661Hz)
A6 (1760Hz)
A#6 (1865Hz)
B6 (1976Hz)
C7 (2093Hz)
G#7 (3322Hz)
A7 (3520Hz)
A#7 (3729Hz)
B7 (3951Hz)
C8 (4186Hz)
NT3 - NT0 : Pitch setting
Four bits from NT3 to 0 are used to specify the pitch. The bit assignment is as shown below.
NT[3:0] Pitch
0h Prohibition
1h C#
2h D
3h D#
4h Prohibition
5h E
6h F
7h F#
8h Prohibition
9h G
Ah G#
Bh A
Ch Prohibition
Dh A#
Eh B
Fh C
About "prohibition of a setup"
Though LSI never hangs up, different sound may be made. Never set it up.
CH1 - CH0 : Part setting
As the sound generator can generate sounds in 4 parts simultaneously, set the part for each note by using CH1 and 0
bits.
CH[1:0] Part
00b 0
01b 1
10b 2
11b 3
VIB : Vibrato setting
This bit is used to set Vibrato function on or off for each note : "0" to set it off and "1" to set it on. The vibrato
frequency is 6.4Hz and the modulation rate is ±13.47 cent.
When VIB bit of timbre data($10-2Fh) is "0", Vibrato function off.
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YMU757B
TI3 - TI0 : Interval setting
These bits are used to set the interval period before the note and rest are processed next. The interval "48" represents
the time for the whole note.
TI [3:0] Interval
0h 0
1h 2
2h 3
3h 4
4h 6
5h 8
6h 9
7h 12
8h 18
9h 24
Ah 48
Bh 0
Ch 16
Dh 24
Eh 36
Fh 48
TK2 - 0 : Note (sound length) designation
These 3 bits are used to designate the note (sound length). Depending on the values of interval setting (TI3 - 0), the
length varies as shown in the following table. The interval "48" represents the time for the whole note.
TI [3:0] = 0-Ah TI [3:0] = B-Fh
TK[2:0] 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Sound length
1 2 3 5 7 8 11 17 15 23 29 32 35 41 47 Tie, Slur
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YMU757B
Precaution
When KEY is turned on from the condition that a release rate isn't finished completely again in the
same one channel, a tone may change.
This happens in the case of the continuous sound, even the decline sound which.
A reason happens because envelope of the career side of a source of FM sound and modulator side and
a phase deviate.
the same as. It is being based on what is done. When this condition isn't satisfied, a change in a tone
It explains by the following envelope figure.
It thinks that there is a tone which only release time is different from with the career and modulator as
As for the condition that it stops completely, it moves to attack rate at the same time with KEY on.
If the last pronunciation is not the condition which stops completely while it is released, the setup of a
The hardware creating the phase of a source of FM sound and envelope starts a movement by the
following two conditions.
- A release rate is finished.
- Key ON occurs.
Tone data start a movement at the timing which modulator, a phase between the career, envelope are
occurs.
an example.
release is made early forcibly, and it moves from the condition that (8.94mS) stops to attack rate.
(In the figure, the dotted line of A)
Though envelope of the solid line changes to attack rate soon at the time of second KEY ON, because
sound of the dotted line doesn't stop completely, envelope can't move to attack rate soon.
It moves to attack rate after it becomes the condition that release time is made early and it stops
completely. When both envelope and the start of the phase deviate and a tone varies according to the
deviation of this time. Both envelope and the start of the phase deviate, and a tone changes by the
deviation of this time.
TK
TI
A tone changes.
TK
How to avoid this symptom.
Try to pronounce it under the condition that a release stops completely.
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YMU757B
Rest data
Index
$00h
Default: 0000h
b15 b14 B13 b12 b11 b10 b9 b8 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
0 0 1 1 0 0 CH1 CH0 VCHE TI3 TI2 TI1 TI0 VCH2 VCH1 VCH0
CH1 - CH0 : Part setting
Using CH1 or 0 bit, set the part for each rest.
CH[1:0] Part
00b 0
01b 1
10b 2
11b 3
TI3 - TI0 : Interval setting
These bits are used to set the interval before the note and rest are processed next.
The interval "48" represents the time for the whole note.
The following table is exactly the same as that for the note data.
TI [3:0] Interval
0h 3
1h 2
2h 3
3h 4
4h 6
5h 8
6h 9
7h 12
8h 18
9h 24
Ah 48
Bh 1
Ch 16
Dh 24
Eh 36
Fh 48
VCHE, VCH 2 - 0 : Timbre change function
Although the maximum number of timbres that can be used simultaneously is four, the timbre can be changed during
sound reproduction by setting these bits. Set "1" for VCHE and use VCH2 to VCH0 to set the timbre No.. Then
starting with the note whose sound is to be generated next, the timbre for the part which has been set by using CH0
and 1 will be changed.
Change a tone after the pronunciation of a part to change stops completely.
The condition that pronunciation stops is not the condition that TK (pronunciation length) is finished, but the
condition that the time when releases of envelope is finished.
Be careful because strange sound momentarily is pronounced when you change a tone under the condition that
pronunciation doesn't stop completely.
If the timbre allotment is changed by using this function, the $30h register itself will be rewritten.
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